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(共27张PPT)
简单句 的五种句型
1.什么是主语？
主语用来表示句子所要说明或描述的主体，是一句话的中心。
1
The girl is very beautiful.
2
He likes playing basketball.
3
Three and five makes eight.
4
The young should respect the old.
名词
代词
数词
名词化的形容词
5
1.To learn a foreign language is difficult.
6
2.Seeing is believing.
7
3.What he needs is a book.
不定式短语
动名词
从句
1.什么是主语？
主语用来表示句子所要说明或描述的主体，是一句话的中心。
2.什么是谓语？
谓语用来说明主语发出的动作所具有的特征和状态，谓语由动词担任，通常位于主语之后，分为简单谓语和复合谓语。
1
He bought a black pen.
(1)简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成：
2
He knows a little French.
3
He looked after his sister yesterday.
表示动作
表示状态
动词词组
2.什么是谓语？
谓语用来说明主语发出的动作所具有的特征和状态，谓语由动词担任，通常位于主语之后，分为简单谓语和复合谓语。
1
I should give the ticket to you yesterday.
(2)复合谓语由“情态动词/助动词+动词”组成：
2
She is eating an apple.
情态动词+动词
助动词+动词
3.什么是宾语？
宾语即动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
1
I love my family.
2
He doesn’t like you.
3
-How many apples do you want
-I want three.
名词
代词
数词
3.什么是宾语？
宾语即动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。
4
She hates cheating.
5
You must learn to look after yourself.
6
We should help the poor.
动名词
不定式
名词化的形容词
7
Did you write down what I said
从句
4.什么是表语？
表语用来说明主语的身份、类属、特征和状态，常位于系动词之后。
1
He is a handsome boy.
2
That’s not mine.
3
He is a little bit afraid.
4
You are the first to make this mistake.
名词短语
代词
形容词
数词
4.什么是表语？
表语用来说明主语的身份、类属、特征和状态。
5
The light is still on.
6
The bank is across the street.
7
My goal is to be a chef.
8
My hobby is painting.
副词
介词短语
不定式
动名词
4.什么是表语？
表语用来说明主语的身份、类属、特征和状态。
9
I was touched by her sincerity.
The question is whether he will come.
10
分词
从句
5.简单句的五种句型如下所示：
S+V (主语+谓语)
S+V+O (主语+谓语+宾语)
S+V+O+O (主语+谓语+宾语+宾语)
S+V+P (主语+系动词+表语)
S+V+O+C (主语+谓语+宾语+补语)
S：Subject主语 V：Verb谓语
O：Object宾语 P：Predicate表语
C：compliment补语
S+V (主语+谓语)
1
例: She cried.
S
V
找出以下句子中的主语和谓语：
1.He arrived in the morning.
2.They apologized.
S
V
S
V
不及物动词(vi.)
S+V+O (主语+谓语+宾语)
2
例: Angelia earned a good score in the exam.
Angelia earned a score.
S
V
O
找出以下句子中的主语、谓语和宾语：
1.Tom broke his leg.
2.I really enjoyed my holidays.
S
V
O
S
V
O
及物动词(vt.)
S+V+O+O (主语+谓语+宾语+宾语)
3
例: My aunt bought me a book.
S
V
O
O
及物动词(vt.)
间接宾语
直接宾语
“bought买”的直接对象是“a book一本书”而不是“me我”，所以a book才是bought的直接宾语。
找出以下句子中的主语、谓语、直接宾语和间接宾语：
1.He showed me his pencil case.
S
V
O
间接宾语
O
直接宾语
S+V+P (主语+系动词+表语)
4
例: These books are comic books.
S
V
P
系动词
找出以下句子中的主语、系动词和表语：
1.Her voice sounded familiar.
2.The future seems hopeful.
S
V
P
S
V
P
S+V+O+C (主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语)
5
例:They caught the man stealing.
S
V
O
C
找出以下句子中的主语、谓语、宾语
和宾语补足语：
1.John wants his brother to stay.
2.The job made me exhausted.
及物动词(vt.)
S
V
O
C
S
V
O
C
6.辨析S+V+O(主谓宾)和S+V+P(主系表)
1
Tom got angry.
2
Tom got a fish.
3
He becomes a real man.
判断下列句子是哪种句型？
方法一
方法二
系动词后可以接形容词和名词，而及物动词后只能接名词。
系动词被替换为be动词后，句子的语义基本不会改变。
S+V+P
S+V+O
S+V+P
判断下列句子是哪种句型？
7.辨析S+V+O+O(主谓宾宾)和S+V+O+C(主谓宾补)
方法一
方法二
查看宾语位置上放置的是不是名词，不是名词的为补语。
省略主语和谓语，并在宾语和疑似补语的结构之间加入be动词，看看能不能构成一个结构完整且与原句想要表达信息基本相同的句子，能的话为主谓宾补。
1
We must keep the door locked.
2
I think my brother a clever boy.
3
Mother made my brother a black sweater.
S+V+O+C
S+V+O+C
S+V+O+O
加入be动词后：The door is locked.
加入be动词后：My brother is a clever boy.
加入be动词后：My brother was a black sweater.×
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
(1)I heard the song sung in English.
A.S+V+O+C
B.S+V+O
C.S+V+P
D.S+V
(2) The season for the Spring Festival is coming.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
A.S+V+O
B.S+V+O+C
C.S+V+O+O
D.S+V+P
(3) People that live in the city visit the museum every year.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
B.S+V+O
C.S+V+O+C
D.S+V+O+O
A.S+V+P
(4)For us, the situation looks pretty optimistic.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
C.S+V+P
D.S+V+O
A.S+V+O+C
B.S+V+O+O
(5)She presented her mother an expensive dress as a birthday gift.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
B.S+V+O+O
C.S+V+O+C
D.S+V+P
A.S+V+O
(6)Forty-six medium-sized cities saw new home prices increase during December.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
A.S+V+O+C
B.S+V+O
C.S+V+P
D.S+V+O+O
(7)The scientists in Britain will examine meteorites formed from ancient material from Mars.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
A.S+V+P
B.S+V+O+C
C.S+V+O+O
D.S+V+O
(8)The company grows plants that are eaten by people who live near the indoor farm.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
C.S+V+O
D.S+V+P
A.S+V+O+C
B.S+V+O+O
(9)The number of college students considered to be low income decreased from 100,000 to 75,000.
找出句子的主干，并判断属于哪种句型。
C.S+V
D.S+V+O
A.S+V+P
B.S+V+O+O

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