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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年七年级英语下册单元素养达标培优卷人教版（2024）
Unit 6 Rain or Shine
满分120分，考试用时120分钟。
注意事项：
1．答卷前、考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试卷上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在指定位置。
2．选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑。写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
3．非选择题的作答：用黑色签字笔直接答在对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸上的非答题区域均无效。
4．考试结束后，请将试卷交回。
一、单项选择（共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
1．Jeff still works hard every day ________ he is greatly successful in medicine.
A．when B．if C．although D．because
2．—Can I speak to Mr. Smith
—Sorry, he’s not in. He ________ Shanghai.
A．has been to B．has gone to C．goes to D．went to
3．—________ it going
—Great!
A．What’s B．How’s C．Where’s D．Who’s
4．—What’s the weather like in Beijing
—It’s ________ and cold.
A．wind B．windy C．rains D．raining
5．—Hi, Jack! How’s your weekend going
—________ I have a cold (感冒).
A．Great. B．Terrible. C．OK. D．It’s a good idea.
6．The temperature is ________ today. It is 38℃.
A．low B．high C．large D．huge
7．There were more accidents (交通意外) ________ the heavy snow last night.
A．such as B．instead of C．because of D．in order to
8．It’s snowing ________ in my hometown now. There will be a storm in the evening.
A．heavily B．slowly C．quietly D．hardly
9．Mr. Zhang is an excellent English teacher. He has 20 years’ teaching ________.
A．information B．practice C．experience D．thought
10．— ________ is the weather in Wuhu
— It’s sunny.
A．How B．What C．Where D．When
二、完形填空（共15小题; 每小题1分, 满分15分）
I am in Shanghai now. The wind is very strong. Leaves fly everywhere. The sky becomes dark. 11 rain pours down because I can see the raindrops are hitting (击打) our windows. My family are staying at home and 12 TV.
A big 13 named Bebinca comes to Shanghai at around 7:30 this morning. It is very strong and scary. The 14 of the typhoon has maximum (最大的) winds of 14 levels (级别). The wind is blowing 15 all day and it sounds terrible. My parents stop their work and 16 . My brother and I can’t go to school either. The TV and the Internet both say it is 17 for people to go outside on such a bad day. So there is no one outside now. For me, it’s not a good 18 .
People can’t take planes, buses or other public traffic. The weather report says the typhoon brings strong 19 and rain to Shanghai, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, and Anhui. It may 20 windows.
Two days later, the sun 21 . Our family go outside and find that trees and road signs are uprooted (连根拔起). The heavy rain turns 22 into rivers. Workers are working hard to clear (清理) the water and branches on the streets. Everyone tries their best to 23 .
24 the storm is strong, we work together to overcome it. Everyone stays safe and gets 25 this typhoon.
11．A．Heavy B．Big C．Huge D．Freezing
12．A．watching B．hearing C．looking D．seeing
13．A．voice B．sight C．storm D．energy
14．A．north B．west C．south D．center
15．A．quickly B．strongly C．quietly D．brightly
16．A．stay in B．drop off C．hang out D．work out
17．A．common B．magical C．dangerous D．tiring
18．A．habit B．message C．example D．experience
19．A．clouds B．sand C．winds D．snow
20．A．cut B．break C．kill D．build
21．A．rises B．picks C．pours D．turns
22．A．shops B．houses C．supermarkets D．roads
23．A．treat B．change C．save D．help
24．A．Although B．As C．Because D．Instead
25．A．across B．on C．through D．with
三、阅读理解（共两节, 20小题; 每小题2分, 满分40分）
第一节: 阅读下面短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。
A
①Do you know how weather affects our lives Well, it affects where we go, what we do, and what we wear. And it also affects how we feel and act. It is a big part of our lives
②We often use weather language to describe (描述) how we feel. For example, if we don’t feel well, we say we are “under the weather”. If we feel stressed out (有压力的) and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”. We use “bad” weather (rainy, stormy, etc.) to describe a bad mood (情绪), and “good” weather (sunny, warm, etc. ) to describe a good mood.
③And that is not all. The weather can even change the way we feel. For example, sunlight helps our body to make vitamin D (维生素D). This vitamin can improve our mood. But some parts of the world get little sunlight in winter, so people can feel very sad then. However, when it is hot and sunny, some people may get angry easily too. Scientists are still studying how the weather changes the way people feel and act.
④These days, many of us spend less time outside than before. Getting no fresh air or sunlight and spending too much time inside can make us feel sad. It is very important to go outside sometimes, whatever the weather, rain or shine
26．According to the text, how does weather affect our daily lives
A．It only changes our clothes.
B．It affects where we go, what we do, and our feelings.
C．It changes what we eat.
D．It makes us stay indoors always.
27．What does “snowed under” mean in Paragraph 2
A．Playing in snow B．Enjoying winter
C．Being cold D．Feeling very busy
28．Why is sunlight important for our mood
A．It makes us happy. B．It keeps us warm at night.
C．It lets us see better. D．It helps our bodies make vitamin D．
29．What problem might people have in winter according to the text
A．They feel too happy.
B．They get angry easily.
C．They feel very sad because of little sunlight.
D．They stop making vitamin D．
30．What advice does the text give about going outside
A．Go outside often, rain or shine. B．Never go in rainy weather.
C．Only go when it’s sunny. D．Stay inside to have good moods.
B
Power shortage (短缺) If you visit Chengdu this summer, you might see a very “dark” city: no more neon lights in the streets; only a few lights on in shopping malls; people sit in bomb shelters (防空洞) to get cool air. The city goes through a big heat (热) wave. The highest temperature is 43.4℃! Some hydropower stations in Sichuan do not have enough water to make enough electricity (电).
_______________________ You may have recently heard the word “thermoplegia” (热射病). Many people die from it this summer. Thermoplegia is the most serious kind of sunstroke. If people stay in a high temperature for too long, the heat will damage (损害) their health and make people feel sick, pass out or even die.
Money lossGlobal warming is affecting people’s life. A farmer from Sichuan shows a video that the grapes he grew dried and became “raisin” (葡萄干) because of high temperatures. The loss could be around 300,000 yuan. Some farms also face the danger of water shortage.
31．In which SECTION of the newspaper can we read the news
A．WILDLIFE. B．HEALTH. C．ECONOMY. D．WEATHER.
32．Why do people in Chengdu sit in “bomb shelters”
A．Because they can have fun with their family there.
B．Because they want to make friends with each other.
C．Because they can save themselves from the heat.
D．Because they like to stay in when it is hot outside.
33．The best title for the second piece of news would be ___________.
A．High Temperatures B．Heat Damage
C．Health Problems D．Hot Summer
34．What are the problems caused by global warming in the third piece of news
①grapes become dry ②farmers lose money ③farms will be in danger ④people will die
A．①②③ B．②③④ C．①②④ D．①③④
35．What do the above news have in common
A．They all happen in Sichuan. B．They all mention global warming.
C．They are all the results of the heat. D．They are all the causes of deaths.
C
Some cities are famous for their weather. They even have special nicknames (绰号). Do you know what they are
KunmingKunming has good weather all through the year. It isn’t too cold or too hot. It is like spring all year round. So people call it the City of Spring. Seattle (西雅图)How is the weather in Seattle It rains a lot. There are more than 200 rainy days in Seattle every year. So it is also called the Rainy City.
Chicago (芝加哥)If you travel to Chicago, you’d better take a windbreaker (防风夹克) with you. That’s because the city is called the Windy City. It is windy most of the year. LondonPeople call London the City of Fog. Every year, between spring and autumn, the fog covers (覆盖) the city. There may be 70 to 80 foggy days in a year.
36．Why do people call Kunming the City of Spring
A．Because it rains a lot. B．Because it snows a lot.
C．Because it isn’t too cold or too hot. D．Because it is windy most of the year.
37．How many rainy days are there in Seattle every year
A．About 150 days. B．About 70 to 80 days.
C．More than100 days. D．More than 200 days.
38．What’s the nickname of Chicago
A．The City of Fog. B．The Rainy City.
C．The Windy City. D．The City of Spring.
39．When does the fog cover London
A．All year round. B．Between spring and autumn.
C．Between summer and winter. D．Between spring and summer.
40．What does the passage want to show us
A．Different people like different weather.
B．Different cities have the same weather.
C．People like different cities for different reasons.
D．Some cities have special names because of their weather.
第二节: 阅读下面短文, 从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺连贯, 其中有两项是多余选项。
The United States usually experiences blizzards (暴风雪). In 1888, a blizzard hit New York. 41 It caused so many deaths.
Three things make up a blizzard—strong winds, blinding snow, and freezing cold. 42 Clouds form, and water in them freezes into snow. The winds blow the snow through the air. It becomes hard to see. Freezing winds also make air feel colder. This is called wind chill (风寒). Wind chill makes the body lose heat faster.
43 The East Coast of the United States is one such place. Storms sometimes move up from the south. When they do, they may run into cold air moving down from Canada. These storms make lots of snow. Another type (类型) of storm comes from the west. These storms move fast. They bring strong winds and freezing cold but not a lot of snow.
Long ago, people were surprised by storms. 44 They can tell when and where blizzards will happen. They can get ready. They can make sure they have enough food and water to last for days. People can then go home and wait until the storm stops. 45 The best place to be in a blizzard is inside. In time, the storm will end. Then it will be safe to have fun in the snow.
A．The blizzard lasted for three days.
B．There, they can stay safe and warm.
C．Playing with snow can be interesting.
D．Today, people know more about weather.
E．People can’t stand the freezing weather outside.
F．Snow starts when wet warm air meets cold air.
G．Blizzards can happen anywhere when there is snow.
四、词汇运用（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据上下文或括号内单词等提示，在空白处填入适当的单词或括号内单词的适当形式。
There are 24 solar terms (节气) in China. They are important in guiding our 46 (day) life. Here we share a summer solar term and the activities after it.
Lixia means the coming of summer, 47 the real hot time comes after Xiaoshu. Xiaoshu, the 48 (eleven) solar term before Dashu, is usually on a day from July 6th to July 8th. The weather 49 (get) hot but not very hot in Xiaoshu. The following are some things you must know about Xiaoshu.
Chinese people in old times enjoyed playing the game of Go (围棋) indoors 50 (spend) these hot summer months. Outdoor activities 51 fishing and keeping fireflies were popular for children in ancient China. There was a student in the Jin Dynasty. He was so poor 52 he couldn’t buy any lamps (油灯), so he had the idea to store fireflies in a bag for his nighttime study. People also 53 (use) jasmine flowers to make their rooms smell good.
To cool down the body, people 54 (usual) drink green bean soup or lotus root soup. The eel (鳝鱼) is a must-have food too. Eating eels around Xiaoshu is 55 (help) to the health.
Are you ready to welcome Xiaoshu
五、选词填空（共10小题; 每小题1分, 满分10分）
用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，使短文完整正确。（每个单词限用一次，每空限填一个单词。）
be　other　sun　take　weather　luck　interest　wind　I　freeze
Dear Zhao Na,
Do you have a good time in Beijing How is the 56 there
I think it is very cold in winter, isn’t it I like my new school in New Zealand. I feel so 57 because my classmates are all friendly to me. Oh, there are twelve students in 58 class. Han Mei and I 59 from China. Jenny and Susan are from America and the 60 are New Zealanders. Oh, the weather in New Zealand is 61 . There are four seasons here, too. Spring starts from September. In spring, it is warm. Summer starts from December. In summer, it is 62 and hot. Autumn starts from March. In autumn, it is 63 and cool. Winter starts from June. In winter, it is cold and 64 . What are you doing now I’m having fun 65 a walk in the park near my home. It’s sunny and warm these days.
Yours,
Zhang Han
六、阅读表达（共 5 小题; 每小题 2分, 满分10分）
Every city has a weather station. The workers need to collect weather data (数据). Then they make a report about the weather. The weather changes a lot, so it’s difficult for them to get the data. Sometimes they have to walk in the wind and snow.
Here is a chart (图表) of the 2023 weather data in a northern city in China.
Weather
Days More than 155 days More than 125 days About 62 days About 12 days About 10 days
Then why do the workers have to collect weather data
★ To help visitors
Weather data is very useful to visitors. They can know about the weather in the places they want to visit before they get there, so they can get fully prepared.
★ To help people in daily life
With the help of weather data, people can know what to wear on that day. For example, if the weather report says “tomorrow the temperature will drop below zero, to-10℃”, you’ll put on your down jackets (羽绒服) before going out for work or school.
★ _________
Many animals live in the mountains or on the farm. Bad weather can sometimes bring them danger. So weather data is useful for helping animals.
So weather data is really important to us. We should say thanks to the workers.
根据短文内容回答下列问题。
66．Why is it difficult for workers to collect weather data
67．In the chart, how many rainy days were there
68．How can weather data help people in their daily life
69．What is the subtitle (小标题) for Paragraph 6
70．What do you think of the work in the weather station
七、书面表达（共1小题; 满分25分）
71．假如你是来自英国的Jenny，现在在哈尔滨上学，今天收到妈妈发来的电子邮件，询问你学校当地的天气和你的身体及生活情况。请你用英语给你妈妈回复邮件。
写作要点：
1. What’s the weather like
2. What are you and your friends doing
3. How are you feeling
要求：
1. 短文应包括所有的写作要点，条理清楚，行文连贯，可适当发挥；
2. 短文中不能出现真实的人名、校名、地名等信息；
3. 词数70左右，短文开头及结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Mom,
How is it going with you I am very glad to get your e-mail.
I’m
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Jenny
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：尽管杰夫在医学领域非常成功，他仍然每天努力工作。
考查连词辨析。when当……时；if如果；although尽管；because因为。根据“Jeff still works hard every day ... he is greatly successful in medicine.”可知，主句与从句之间存在转折关系，表示尽管杰夫在医学领域非常成功，他仍然努力工作，需用although引导让步状语从句。故选C。
2．B
【解析】句意：——我能和史密斯先生通话吗？——抱歉，他不在。他去上海了。
考查现在完成时。has been to去过某地，已返回；has gone to去了某地，未返回；goes to一般现在时，表示习惯性或经常性动作；went to一般过去时，表示过去发生的动作。根据上文“he’s not in”可知，史密斯先生目前不在，强调他去了上海且尚未回来，应用“has gone to”。故选B。
3．B
【解析】句意：——事情进展得怎么样？——很棒！
考查特殊疑问句。What’s是什么；How’s如何；Where’s在哪里；Who’s是谁。根据答语“Great!”可知，此处是询问“情况如何”，应用“How’s it going ”这一固定问候句型。故选B。
4．B
【解析】句意：——北京的天气怎么样？——多风且寒冷。
考查形容词作表语。wind名词，风；windy形容词，有风的；rains动词第三人称单数，下雨；raining动词现在分词/动名词，正在下雨。空格位于“It’s”之后，与“cold”并列，需用形容词描述天气特征。windy“多风的”与cold结构一致。故选B。
5．B
【解析】句意：——嗨，杰克！你周末过得怎么样？——糟糕透了。我感冒了。
考查情景交际用语。Great.太棒了；Terrible.糟糕透了；OK.还行；It’s a good idea.这是个好主意。根据答语后句“I have a cold.”可知，周末因感冒而过得不好，应用负面评价“Terrible.”。故选B。
6．B
【解析】句意：今天的气温很高，达到了38℃。
考查形容词辨析。low低的；high高的；large大的，多指尺寸、规模；huge巨大的，多指体积、程度。根据后文“It is 38℃”可知，38℃属于高温，因此应选描述气温“高”的形容词high。故选B。
7．C
【解析】句意：由于昨晚的大雪，发生了更多的交通事故。
考查介词短语。such as例如；instead of而不是；because of由于；in order to为了。根据“the heavy snow last night”可知，大雪是导致交通事故增多的原因，因此应选表示因果关系的短语。故选C。
8．A
【解析】句意：我的家乡现在正下着大雪。晚上会有暴风雪。
考查副词辨析。heavily猛烈地；slowly缓慢地；quietly安静地；hardly几乎不。根据后句“There will be a storm in the evening（晚上会有暴风雪）”可知，雪下得很大，应用heavily修饰下雪的动作。故选A。
9．C
【解析】句意：张先生是一位优秀的英语老师。他有20年的教学经验。
考查名词辨析。information信息；practice练习；experience经验；thought想法。根据“20 years’ teaching”可知，描述的是“教学经验”。故选C。
10．A
【解析】句意：——芜湖的天气怎么样？——天气晴朗。
考查疑问词辨析。How 如何；What 什么；Where 哪里；When 何时。根据答语“It’s sunny.”可知，问句询问天气状况，应用固定句型“How is the weather ”。故选A。
11．A 12．A 13．C 14．D 15．B 16．A 17．C 18．D 19．C 20．B 21．A 22．D 23．D 24．A 25．C
【导语】本文以作者的第一视角，讲述了强台风贝碧嘉影响上海的完整经历。
11．句意：大雨倾泻而下，因为我能看到雨滴打在我们的窗户上。
Heavy重的；Big大的；Huge巨大的；Freezing冷冻的。修饰rain，用heavy，表示大雨。故选A。
12．句意：我的家人呆在家里看电视。
watching看；hearing听；looking看；seeing看见。根据TV可知，用watch修饰，表示看电视。故选A。
13．句意：今天早上7:30左右，一场名为Bebinca的大风暴袭击了上海。
voice声音；sight景象；storm风暴；energy能量。根据“The wind is very strong. Leaves fly everywhere. The sky becomes dark. Heavy rain pours down because I can see the raindrops are hitting (击打) our windows.”可知，是风暴袭击了上海。故选C。
14．句意：台风中心的最大风力为14级。
north北方；west西边的；south南方；center中心。根据“...of the typhoon has maximum (最大的) winds of 14 levels (级别).”可知，是台风中心的最大风力达到14级。故选D。
15．句意：风整天刮得很大，听起来很可怕。
quickly快；strongly强；quietly安静；brightly明亮。根据“it sounds terrible.”可知，风是刮得很大。故选B。
16．句意：我父母停止工作，留在家里。
stay in待在家里；drop off下车；hang out闲逛；work out解决。根据“My parents stop their work”可知，是父母是待在家里。故选A。
17．句意：电视和互联网都说，人们在这么糟糕的一天外出是危险的。
common普通的；magical有魔力的；dangerous危险的；tiring累的。根据“such a bad day.”可知，在糟糕的天气外出是危险的。故选C。
18．句意：对我来说，这不是一次好的经历。
habit习惯；message信息；example例子；experience经历。根据“My brother and I can’t go to school either.”可知，台风天待在家里是不好的经历。故选D。
19．句意：天气预报说，台风给上海、浙江、江苏和安徽带来了强风和暴雨。
clouds云；sand沙；winds风；snow雪。根据“the typhoon”可知，台风是带来强风。故选C。
20．句意：它可能会打碎窗户。
cut切断；break打破；kill杀死；build建立。根据“windows.”可知，台风是会打碎窗户。故选B。
21．句意：两天后，太阳升起。
rises升起；picks捡；pours倒；turns转变。根据“the sun”可知，是太阳升起。故选A。
22．句意：大雨把道路变成了河流。
shops商店；houses房子；supermarkets市场；roads道路。根据“Workers are working hard to clear (清理) the water and branches on the streets.”可知，是把道路变成了河流。故选D。
23．句意：每个人都尽力帮忙。
treat对待；change改变；save拯救；help帮助。根据“Workers are working hard to clear (清理) the water and branches on the streets.”可知，大家是尽力帮忙。故选D。
24．句意：虽然风暴很强，但我们共同努力克服它。
Although虽然；As当；Because因为；Instead代替。根据“the storm is strong, we work together to overcome it.”可知，前后是转折关系，用although引导让步状语从句。故选A。
25．句意：每个人都保持安全，度过这场台风。
across通过；on在……上面；through通过；with和。get through“度过”，固定搭配。故选C。
26．B 27．D 28．D 29．C 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了天气对人们日常生活的多方面影响，包括出行、行为、情绪等，还提及了阳光的作用以及人们应多外出的建议。
26．细节理解题。根据“Well, it affects where we go, what we do, and what we wear. And it also affects how we feel and act.”可知，天气影响我们去哪里、做什么以及我们的感受。故选B。
27．词义猜测题。根据“If we feel stressed out (有压力的) and busy, we can say that we are “snowed under”.”可知，“snowed under”的意思是感觉非常忙碌。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“For example, sunlight helps our body to make vitamin D (维生素D). This vitamin can improve our mood.”可知，阳光对我们的情绪很重要是因为它帮助我们的身体产生维生素D。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“But some parts of the world get little sunlight in winter, so people can feel very sad then.”可知，冬天人们可能因为阳光少而感到非常悲伤。故选C。
30．细节理解题。根据“It is very important to go outside sometimes, whatever the weather, rain or shine”可知，文章给出的关于外出的建议是无论晴雨，要经常出去。故选A。
31．D 32．C 33．B 34．A 35．C
【导语】本文主要描述了由于极端高温天气导致的成都电力短缺及其对日常生活的影响，同时介绍了热射病的危害以及全球变暖对农业生产造成的经济损失。
31．推理判断题。文中主要讲了高温天气引发的电力短缺、热射病、经济损失等与天气相关的内容。根据这些内容可知，是关于天气方面的新闻。故选D。
32．细节理解题。根据“If you visit Chengdu this summer, you might see a very ‘dark’ city: no more neon lights in the streets; only a few lights on in shopping malls; people sit in bomb shelters to get cool air. The city goes through a big heat wave.”可知，人们坐在防空洞是为了躲避炎热。故选C。
33．最佳标题题。根据“You may have recently heard the word “thermoplegia” (热射病)”可知，第二则新闻着重介绍热射病对人体造成的伤害，用Heat Damage“热造成的损害” 做标题最恰当。故选B。
34． 细节理解题。根据“Global warming is affecting people’s life. A farmer from Sichuan shows a video that the grapes he grew dried and became ‘raisin’ because of high temperatures. The loss could be around 300,000 yuan. Some farms also face the danger of water shortage.”可知，全球变暖导致葡萄变干、农民遭受经济损失、农场面临危险，文中未提及人们死亡是第三则新闻里全球变暖直接导致的。所以是①②③。故选A。
35．细节理解题。第一则新闻是高温导致电力短缺，第二则是高温导致热射病，第三则是高温导致经济损失等，这些都是高温带来的结果。故选C。
36．C 37．D 38．C 39．B 40．D
【导语】本文介绍了几个因天气特点而拥有特殊绰号的城市：昆明因常年气候宜人被称为“春城”，西雅图因多雨被称为“雨城”，芝加哥因多风被称为“风城”，伦敦因多雾被称为“雾都”。
36．细节理解题。根据“Kunming has good weather all through the year. It isn’t too cold or too hot. It is like spring all year round. So people call it the City of Spring.”可知，昆明被称为“春城”是因为它不太冷也不太热，常年如春天。故选 C。
37．细节理解题。根据“There are more than 200 rainy days in Seattle every year.”可知，西雅图每年有超过200个雨天。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“That’s because the city is called the Windy City.”可知，芝加哥的绰号是“风城”。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据“Every year, between spring and autumn, the fog covers the city.”可知，伦敦在春秋之间被雾覆盖。故选B。
40．主旨大意题。根据文章开头提到“Some cities are famous for their weather. They even have special nicknames.”，随后分别介绍了四个城市因天气特点而拥有的绰号，核心是“一些城市因天气有特殊名称”。故选D。
41．A 42．F 43．G 44．D 45．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，围绕“美国的暴风雪”展开，介绍了暴风雪的构成、形成过程、多发区域，以及人们应对暴风雪的方式变化。
41．根据“In 1888, a blizzard hit New York.”以及“It caused so many deaths.”可知，此处是说明这场暴风雪的持续时间，选项A“这场暴风雪持续了三天。”能解释其造成大量死亡的原因。故选A。
42．根据“Clouds form, and water in them freezes into snow.”可知，此处是说明雪的形成条件，选项F“当温暖潮湿的空气遇到冷空气时，雪就开始形成了。”能引出下文对雪形成过程的描述。故选F。
43．根据“The East Coast of the United States is one such place.”可知，此处是说明暴风雪的多发区域，选项G“有雪的时候，暴风雪可以在任何地方发生。”能引出下文对美国东海岸这一多发地的介绍。故选G。
44．根据“Long ago, people were surprised by storms.”以及“They can tell when and where blizzards will happen.”可知，此处是说明现在人们对天气的了解，选项D“如今，人们对天气有了更多的了解。”能体现古今人们应对暴风雪的差异。故选D。
45．根据“People can then go home and wait until the storm stops.”可知，此处是说明待在室内的好处，选项B“在那里，他们可以保持安全和温暖”能解释待在室内的意义。故选B。
46．daily 47．but 48．eleventh 49．gets 50．to spend 51．like 52．that 53．used 54．usually 55．helpful
【导语】本文主要介绍了中国的二十四节气之一——小暑，包括小暑的时间、气候特点、古人在小暑期间的室内外活动、消暑方法以及应季美食等内容。
46．句意：它们在指导我们的日常生活方面很重要。根据“guiding our ... life”可知，此处需用形容词修饰名词life，day的形容词形式是daily“日常的”。故填daily。
47．句意：立夏意味着夏天的到来，但真正炎热的时节在小暑之后到来。根据“Lixia means the coming of summer, ... the real hot time comes after Xiaoshu”可知，前后句为转折关系，连词but“但是”符合语境。故填but。
48．句意：小暑是大暑之前的第十一个节气，通常在7月6日至8日之间。根据“the ... solar term before Dashu”可知，小暑是大暑之前的第十一个节气，此处需用序数词表示顺序，eleven的序数词是eleventh“第十一”。故填eleventh。
49．句意：小暑时天气会变热，但不会非常炎热。根据“The weather ... hot but not very hot in Xiaoshu”可知，此处描述小暑时节的天气特点，用一般现在时，主语The weather是不可数名词，需用get的第三人称单数形式gets“变得”。故填gets。
50．句意：古时候的中国人喜欢在室内下围棋，以度过这些炎热的夏季月份。根据“enjoyed playing the game of Go indoors ... these hot summer months”可知，此处需用不定式作目的状语，表示古时候的中国人喜欢在室内下围棋是为了度过炎热的月份，spend的不定式形式是to spend。故填to spend。
51．句意：户外活动如钓鱼和养萤火虫在古代中国很受孩子们欢迎。根据“Outdoor activities ... fishing and keeping fireflies were popular”可知，此处用来列举户外活动，like“比如”符合语境。故填like。
52．句意：他太穷了，买不起油灯，所以他想到了把萤火虫装在袋子里，在晚上学习时用来照明。so ... that ...“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填that。
53．句意：人们也用茉莉花让房间闻起来很香。根据“Chinese people in old times ...”和“People also ... jasmine flowers to make their rooms smell good”可知，此处描述过去的行为，用一般过去时，use的过去式是used“使用”。故填used。
54．句意：为了给身体降温，人们通常喝绿豆汤或莲藕汤。根据“people ... drink green bean soup or lotus root soup”可知，此处需用副词修饰动词drink，usual的副词形式是usually。故填usually。
55．句意：在小暑前后吃鳝鱼对健康有帮助。根据“Eating eels around Xiaoshu is ... to the health”可知，此处需用形容词作表语，help的形容词形式是helpful“有帮助的”。故填helpful。
56．weather 57．lucky 58．my 59．are 60．others 61．interesting 62．sunny 63．windy 64．freezing 65．taking
【导语】本文是一封张晗写给赵娜的书信，主要讲述了自己在新西兰的校园生活，以及新西兰的四季。
56．句意：那里的天气怎么样？下文提及“I think it is very cold in winter, isn’t it ”可知此处是询问北京的天气状况，结合备选词，“weather”表示“天气”，符合语境。故填weather。
57．句意：我觉得很幸运，因为我的同学都对我很友好。“feel”后接形容词作表语，根据“because my classmates are all friendly to me”并结合备选词，“luck”符合语境，其形容词形式为“lucky”，意为“幸运的”。故填lucky。
58．句意：哦，我的班里有十二名学生。此处修饰名词“class”，指代“张晗的班级”，需用备选词中“I”的形容词性物主代词“my”。故填my。
59．句意：韩梅和我都来自中国。根据“...from China”可知，此处为短语“be from”，意为“来自”；主语“Han Mei and I”是复数，一般现在时中be动词用“are”。故填are。
60．句意：珍妮和苏珊来自美国，其他人是新西兰人。前文提及班里有12名学生，已介绍4人，此处指代“剩余的人”，结合备选词，此处应用“other”的复数形式“others”，表示“其他人”。故填others。
61．句意：哦，新西兰的天气很有趣。下文提到新西兰四季时间与国内不同，是其天气的特别之处，结合备选词，“interest”的形容词形式“interesting”，意为“有趣的”，修饰“weather”，符合语境。故填interesting。
62．句意：夏天，天气晴朗又炎热。此处与“hot”并列描述夏季天气，结合备选词，“sun”的形容词形式“sunny”，意为“晴朗的”，符合常识。故填sunny。
63．句意：秋天，天气多风又凉爽。此处与“cool”并列描述秋季天气，结合备选词，“wind”的形容词形式“windy”，意为“多风的”，符合常识。故填windy。
64．句意：冬天，天气寒冷刺骨。此处与“cold”并列，强调冬季的寒冷程度，结合备选词，“freeze”的形容词形式“freezing”，意为“严寒的、冰冻的”，符合语境。故填freezing。
65．句意：我正在我家附近的公园散步玩得很开心。“have fun doing sth.”是固定结构，意为“做某事很开心”，结合备选词，“take a walk”表示“散步”，“take”的动名词形式为“taking”。故填taking。
66．Because the weather changes a lot. 67．About 62 days. 68．People can know what to wear. 69．To help animals. 70．It’s meaningful. (答案合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了城市气象站工作人员收集天气数据的工作情况，以及天气数据对游客、人们日常生活和动物的帮助。
66．根据文章第一段“The weather changes a lot, so it’s difficult for them to get the data.”可知，因为天气变化很大，所以工作人员收集天气数据困难。故填Because the weather changes a lot.
67．根据文章图表中下雨天对应的“About 62 days” 可知，雨天数量约为62天。故填About 62 days.
68．根据文章第四段“With the help of weather data, people can know what to wear on that day.”可知，天气数据能帮助人们知晓当天穿什么。故填People can know what to wear.
69．根据文章第六段“Many animals live in the mountains or on the farm. Bad weather can sometimes bring them danger. So weather data is useful for helping animals.”可知，本段讲述天气数据对帮助动物有用，结合前文小标题结构，可知小标题为“To help animals”。故填To help animals.
70．从文章整体可知，气象站工作能为游客、人们生活、动物等提供帮助，所以是有意义的。开放性作答，结合实际，言之有理即可。参考答案为It’s meaningful.
71．例文
Dear Mom,
How is it going with you I am very glad to get your e-mail.
I’m well now. I exercise in Harbin everyday. I think I’m taller now than last year. The weather in Harbin is very cold and sometimes it is snowy and freezing. But I like the weather here, because I like the sports in Harbin. We can go ice skating with our friends in Harbin. That’s really fun.
At the moment, it’s snowing. And we are making a snowman outside. Some students are playing with the snow balls. We are having a great time.
Winter is white here. Everything is white. I like the beautiful sights in Harbin. And I like the colourful school life here.
Best wishes!
Yours,
Jenny
【总体分析】①题材：本文是一封电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”和“现在进行时”；
③提示：文章围绕“天气、活动、感受”三个核心要点展开，内容完整，逻辑连贯，符合书信格式。
【写作步骤】第一步：开头问候，承接题目给出的开头，问候妈妈近况，引出回复内容；
第二步：主体内容包括天气描述、活动介绍、感受表达；
第三步：结尾祝福，送上祝福，落款署名。
【亮点词汇】①snowy下雪的
②make a snowman堆雪人
③freezing极冷的
④go ice skating去滑冰
⑤colourful school life丰富多彩的校园生活
【高分句型】①I think I’m taller now than last year. (than引导比较级)
②At the moment, it's snowing. And we are making a snowman outside. (现在进行时)
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