资源简介

Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
(二)把握主旨大意
What does the passage mainly talk about？(　 )
A．How to keep friendship.
B．How to be a real friend.
C．The importance of friendship.
D．The way to make friends.
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．Why do we wish to be alone with our own thoughts sometimes？(　 )
A．We are tired of being with friends.
B．Periods of reflection can make us have personal improvement.
C．We want to escape from the world.
D．Social life is not important to us.
[Tip]
借助句间逻辑关系解题
句间逻辑关系一般指并列(标志词：and， or， as well as等)、因果(标志词：because， for， as， since， thus等)、列举(标志词：for example， like， such as， that is等)、递进(标志词：and， furthermore， what is more等)。解题时可借助标志词明确句间逻辑关系，由逻辑关系推导问题答案。如本题可定位至文章第一段第一句，由标志词for可知，该句为因果关系，由此可推出本题答案。
2．When we seek to be alone， what should we pay attention to？(　 )
A．We should not always escape into our own world.
B．We should let our friends help us.
C．We should not pay attention to social life.
D．We should always depend on ourselves.
3．Which advantage of friendship is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2？(　 )
A．Comfort the heart.
B．Lend us some money.
C．Help us reach our goals.
D．Advise the head.
4．What does the first “fruit” of friendship come from？(　 )
A．One who has joy， sadness， success and failure.
B．A friend who respects our feelings.
C．A person who is free from failure.
D．An individual with whom we can share our joy， sadness， success and failure.
5．How many “fruits” of friendship are mentioned in the passage？(　 )
A．One. 　B．Two. 　C．Three.　 D．Four.
(二)阅读表达
1．Is enjoying the company of a crowd the same as being with friends？Why
　
　
2．Do you think Bacon's opinion about friendship is out of date
　
　
|阅|读|技|能|提|升| 说理散文要明确“理”之所在
本文的语篇类型为说理散文。阅读说理散文，首先要知道“理”之所在。说理散文一般不具备完整严密论证的过程，但它常用议论性的语句去表达一种观点，或表达对某一事物、现象的认识、理解和感悟。阅读时可凭借这些议论性语句明确文章主题。如本文首段的议论部分即揭示文章的“理”——友谊对于每个人来说都十分重要。然后全文分三个层面论述了“友谊之果”，即友谊的三种功效：抚慰心灵、启迪思维、帮助我们实现既定目标。
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．Through friendship， we can become happier， wiser and more satisfied humans.
赏析：本句中使用了happier， wiser和more satisfied三个并列形容词的比较级，强调了友谊的重要意义。
2. Naturally， this kind of openness results from a close friendship.
赏析：本句中使用了副词naturally作评注性状语，既表明了作者的态度，也起到衔接过渡的作用。
3．As a result， if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided.
赏析：本句中使用了短语as a result来表达因果关系，这种用法比使用状语从句更灵活，是写作中的亮点表达。
[提能训练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Exercise makes me ____________ (healthy)， more energetic and more fulfilled.
②____________ (natural)， I get upset when things go wrong.
③He got up late today. __________________， he missed the first bus.
他今天起晚了，因此，错过了第一班公共汽车。
(二)赏句式之高　
1．We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.
赏析：本句中it作形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own是真正的宾语，easier为宾语补足语。形式宾语的使用有利于保持句子平衡，增加句子的美感。
2．Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
赏析：此处it should be pointed out that ...意为“应该指出的是……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。在表述观点时灵活运用这一句式可以提升表达的层次。
[提能训练]　(完成句子)
①You'll ______________________ to talk things over with a friend.
把情况和朋友详细聊一聊，你会觉得大有帮助。
②__________________________________ protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility.
需要指出的是保护环境是每个人的责任。
(三)赏衔接之顺　
1．As a result， if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand， our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also， when we want to talk our problems over with a friend， we have to put our thoughts into words first.
赏析：此处使用了过渡词as a result (表因果)， on the other hand (表对比)， also (表递进)自然顺畅地将三个句子衔接在一起，令上下文逻辑连贯、语意清晰。
2．本文中第三至六段的段首句分别使用了The first fruit of friendship is ...， The second fruit of friendship is ...， The third fruit of friendship is ...， Finally， ...进行过渡衔接，使整个论述过程要点清晰、条理分明、逻辑连贯。
Section Ⅴ　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)①smooth out　②comfort　③achieve　④the peace
⑤failure　⑥the better understanding　⑦well-meaning
⑧the help　⑨being with friends　⑩carefully chosen
(二)C
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)1～5　BABDC
(二)1.No. Because friends are carefully chosen and they can give us comfort， advice and help.
2．Friendship is a permanent topic in human civilization. Bacon put forward some brilliant ideas about friendship， which are still helpful for us to make reflections of life and friendship in the modern world.
课文写法借鉴
(一)①healthier　②Naturally　③As a result
(二)①find it helpful　②It should be pointed out that
4 / 4(共62张PPT)
“Extended reading”
的课文习读环节
Section Ⅴ
课文阅读理解
课文写法借鉴
课时检测
Contents 目录
01
02
03
01
课文阅读理解
泛读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)理清文脉结构
smooth out
comfort
achieve
the
failure
the better understanding
well-meaning
the help
being with friends
carefully chosen
peace
(二)把握主旨大意
What does the passage mainly talk about？
A．How to keep friendship.
B．How to be a real friend.
C．The importance of friendship.
D．The way to make friends.
√
精读课文，完成以下学习任务
(一)阅读理解
1．Why do we wish to be alone with our own thoughts sometimes？
A．We are tired of being with friends.
B．Periods of reflection can make us have personal improvement.
C．We want to escape from the world.
D．Social life is not important to us.
√
[Tip]
借助句间逻辑关系解题
句间逻辑关系一般指并列(标志词：and， or， as well as等)、因果(标志词：because， for， as， since， thus等)、列举(标志词：for example， like， such as， that is等)、递进(标志词：and， furthermore， what is more等)。解题时可借助标志词明确句间逻辑关系，由逻辑关系推导问题答案。如本题可定位至文章第一段第一句，由标志词for可知，该句为因果关系，由此可推出本题答案。
2．When we seek to be alone， what should we pay attention to？
A．We should not always escape into our own world.
B．We should let our friends help us.
C．We should not pay attention to social life.
D．We should always depend on ourselves.
√
3．Which advantage of friendship is NOT mentioned in paragraph 2？
A．Comfort the heart.
B．Lend us some money.
C．Help us reach our goals.
D．Advise the head.
√
4．What does the first “fruit” of friendship come from？
A．One who has joy， sadness， success and failure.
B．A friend who respects our feelings.
C．A person who is free from failure.
D．An individual with whom we can share our joy， sadness， success and failure.
√
√
5．How many “fruits” of friendship are mentioned in the passage？
A．One.　　　　　　 B．Two.
C．Three. D．Four.
(二)阅读表达
1．Is enjoying the company of a crowd the same as being with friends？Why？
________________________________________________________________________________
2．Do you think Bacon's opinion about friendship is out of date？
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
No. Because friends are carefully chosen and they can give us comfort， advice and help.
Friendship is a permanent topic in human civilization. Bacon put forward some brilliant ideas about friendship， which are still helpful for us to make reflections of life and friendship in the modern world.
|阅|读|技|能|提|升| 说理散文要明确“理”之所在
本文的语篇类型为说理散文。阅读说理散文，首先要知道“理”之所在。说理散文一般不具备完整严密论证的过程，但它常用议论性的语句去表达一种观点，或表达对某一事物、现象的认识、理解和感悟。阅读时可凭借这些议论性语句明确文章主题。如本文首段的议论部分即揭示文章的“理”——友谊对于每个人来说都十分重要。然后全文分三个层面论述了“友谊之果”，即友谊的三种功效：抚慰心灵、启迪思维、帮助我们实现既定目标。
02
课文写法借鉴
(一)赏用词之妙　
1．Through friendship， we can become happier， wiser and more satisfied humans.
赏析：本句中使用了happier， wiser和more satisfied三个并列形容词的比较级，强调了友谊的重要意义。
2. Naturally， this kind of openness results from a close friendship.
赏析：本句中使用了副词naturally作评注性状语，既表明了作者的态度，也起到衔接过渡的作用。
3．As a result， if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided.
赏析：本句中使用了短语as a result来表达因果关系，这种用法比使用状语从句更灵活，是写作中的亮点表达。
[提能训练]　(单句语法填空/完成句子)
①Exercise makes me _________ (healthy)， more energetic and more fulfilled.
② _________ (natural)， I get upset when things go wrong.
③He got up late today. __________ ， he missed the first bus.
他今天起晚了，因此，错过了第一班公共汽车。
healthier
Naturally
As a result
(二)赏句式之高　
1．We often find it easier to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own.
赏析：本句中it作形式宾语，不定式短语to recognize other people's weaknesses than our own是真正的宾语，easier为宾语补足语。形式宾语的使用有利于保持句子平衡，增加句子的美感。
2．Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as being with friends.
赏析：此处it should be pointed out that ...意为“应该指出的是……”，其中it为形式主语，that引导的从句作真正的主语。在表述观点时灵活运用这一句式可以提升表达的层次。
[提能训练]　(完成句子)
①You'll _____________ to talk things over with a friend.
把情况和朋友详细聊一聊，你会觉得大有帮助。
② ___________________________ protecting the environment is everyone's responsibility.
需要指出的是保护环境是每个人的责任。
find it helpful
It should be pointed out that
(三)赏衔接之顺　
1．As a result， if we are guided only by our own feelings， our judgements might be one-sided. On the other hand， our friends are better able to offer advice on important decisions that we all have to make. Also， when we want to talk our problems over with a friend， we have to put our thoughts into words first.
赏析：此处使用了过渡词as a result (表因果)， on the other hand (表对比)， also (表递进)自然顺畅地将三个句子衔接在一起，令上下文逻辑连贯、语意清晰。
2．本文中第三至六段的段首句分别使用了The first fruit of friendship is ...， The second fruit of friendship is ...， The third fruit of friendship is ...， Finally， ...进行过渡衔接，使整个论述过程要点清晰、条理分明、逻辑连贯。
03
课时检测
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Once again， I was at a new school.So was a girl in my class named Paris.That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small.I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest.My hair was thick， short and ugly while hers was long and beautiful.I was awkward and shy.She wasn't.I couldn't stand her， considering her my enemy.But she wanted to be friends.
One day， she invited me over and I said yes — I was too shocked to say no.Actually， no one had invited me to play before.But this girl， who wore the latest fashions， wanted to invite me.
She lived on the fourth floor in a two-room place.When we got to the room she shared with her sister， she took out a big case of Barbies — which was my next surprise.I would have thought she had outgrown (因长大而不适用……) them.I had never played with them.But we sat on the floor of a walk-in cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies.That's when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older.We both had wild imaginations.
We had a great time that afternoon.She showed me her outfits， which had mostly come from a designer clothing store down the block.The woman who owned it sometimes used her as a model for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whole neighborhood.The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines， the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces.Soon I was included in her magic world.We slept over at each other's house and spent every free moment together.I let my hair grow out and learned to love being tall.
Paris， my first real friend since childhood， helped me get through my tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends: Your “worst enemy” can turn out to be your best friend.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了作者与她的同学Paris相处的过程：从充满敌意到相互了解，到最后成为最好的朋友。
1．At the time described at the beginning of the passage， the writer ______.
A．felt she had little in common with Paris
B．thought highly of Paris for being confident
C．felt she was not as well-behaved as Paris
D．stayed away from Paris because of their differences
解析：细节理解题。根据第一、二段的内容可知，一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点。
√
2．The writer describes Paris as a girl who _____ .
A．knew how to exchange services
B．refused to grow up
C．was good at dealing with people
D．bought a lot of designer clothing
解析：推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Paris很擅长和人打交道，很多人都喜欢她。
√
3．From the passage， we can tell that through her friendship with Paris， the writer _______.
A．started to accept herself
B．also became a neighborhood star
C．learned more about fashion
D．was able to fit in at her new school
解析：推理判断题。根据最后两段内容，尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知，作者开始接纳自己。
√
4．What's the main idea of the passage？
A．Life holds a lot of surprises for us.
B．If you hate the differences between you and someone else， you'll be bored to death.
C．Never judge a person from his appearance.
D．Sometimes you can make friends if you get past what seems differences.
√
解析：主旨大意题。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友，到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处，而且相处得非常开心，文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友，由此可知，D项能概括本文主旨。
B
There are three different kinds of friends in our life. I classify (分类) them according to how well I know them and how well they know me.
The first type of friend is just an acquaintance (熟人). This means that you only know their names. You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation. You don't miss them when they are elsewhere. It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation (恼怒). Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly， you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry， such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly. I call them “pest friends”．
The second kind of friend is a “guest friend”. They are just social partners. You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs. You don't talk too often with this sort of friend， and you don't share each other's secrets.
Lastly， we have “best friends”. This sort of friend is there when you need them. They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin. Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens. If you need a listening ear， they will be the one to lend support.
Friends come in all different shapes and sizes. Every friend has an impact on our life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者划分的人生中的三种类型的朋友。
5．According to the writer， when a friend of the first type acts in an annoying way， you ______.
A．can tell him/her about it directly
B．should stay away from him/her
C．should advise him/her to correct his/her behaviour
D．may find it hard to tell him/her not to do so
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since most of the time ... you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry”可知，在作者看来，当第一种朋友有恼人的行为时，你可能并不好意思直接跟他或她说不要这样做。
6．If someone is with you through thick and thin， it means ____.
A．he/she is your friend for sure
B．he/she agrees with whatever you say
C．you spend most of your time together
D．he/she is with you even when there are difficulties
解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This sort of friend is there when you need them ... that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens.”可知，最好的朋友与你同甘共苦意味着即使有困难，他/她也会和你在一起。
√
7．What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph？
A．How to make friends.
B．How friends influence our life.
C．How to improve friendship.
D．How to get along well with the third type of friend.
解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Every friend has an impact on our life.”可知，接下来作者最有可能要谈论的是“朋友如何影响我们的生活”。
√
8．What is this passage mainly about？
A．What a true friend is like.
B．Three kinds of friends in our life.
C．The role that friends play in our life.
D．Why there are different kinds of friends.
解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段讲“我们的生活中有三种不同的朋友”，第二到四段分别具体讲三种类型的朋友，由此可知本文主要讲生活中的三种朋友。
√
C
Too many people want others to be their friends， but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long. To have a friend， you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest; be generous (宽宏大量的); be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth， people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest， you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. ______ tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them， you help your friend know better.
They
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so that you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are exactly alike.But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends， you must practice honesty， generosity and understanding.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了交到好朋友的三个关键因素：诚实、宽宏大量、善解人意。
9．Some friendships don't last long because _________ .
A．there are too many people who want to make friends
B．those who give others friendship receive friendship from others
C．some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back
D．they don't know friendship is something serious
√
解析：细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Too many people want others to be their friends， but they don't give friendship back.”可知，太多的人希望别人成为他们的朋友，但他们接受了友谊却不给予回报，所以有些友谊不会长久。
10．According to the passage， honesty is _________ .
A．something countable
B．the base of friendship
C．as important as money
D．more important than anything else
解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”可知，诚实是一段好友谊的开始，即诚实是友谊的基础。
√
11．In the third paragraph， the underlined word “They” refers to _________ .
A．generosity and friendship
B．generosity and sharing
C．your ideas and feelings
D．your clothes
√
解析：代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend.”可知，分享你的想法和感受对朋友来说是非常有价值的，它们告诉你的朋友什么对你是重要的。由此可以判断出，画线词“They”指的是“你的想法和感受”。
12．What's the best title of this passage？
A．How to Be a Friend
B．Honesty Is the Best Policy
C．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
D．Three Important Points in Life
解析：标题归纳题。根据第一段尤其是最后一句可知，交朋友意味着要学会三条规则：诚实、宽宏大量、善解人意。故A项“如何交朋友”适合作文章标题。
√
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When you feel down， you are expecting to receive support or comfort from your friends.Your friends feel the same way.However， it may be not easy to cheer up your friends when you can't be by their side. ____
13
Ask if there's anything you can do to help.Different people prefer to be comforted in different ways.Ask if there's anything specific you can do to help your friends. ____ While you're talking on the phone， say something like， “What can I do to help？ I'm always here if you need anything.”
14
____ This simple gesture can really brighten your friends' day.If your friends are in need of comfort， send them frequent reminders that you're thinking of them.Share something that reminded you of them.It will let your friends know that they're still important in your life even if they're far away.
15
List why you think they're special. ____ Send them a list of all the reasons why you think they're amazing.Whether it be their kind and compassionate (富有同情心的) nature， their sense of style， or their ability to find the coolest music， tell them why you are so grateful to know them.After reading what you have listed， they will feel encouraged.
16
Send them a gift.Surprise them with something special to make their day.Arrange for flowers to be delivered to their apartment or mail them one of their favorite albums. ____ A homemade gift， like a knitted (针织的) scarf or a piece of artwork， will lift their spirits all the same.
A．Send a gift to them to celebrate their success.
B．Thankfully， there are many ways you can help.
C．Therefore， you can visit them to cheer them up.
17
D．You don't have to go all out in terms of spending.
E．Text them to let them know they're on your mind.
F．If they've been down on themselves lately， they may need a reminder.
G．The question alone will show your care， and they will appreciate your kind offer.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就当远方的朋友需要安慰或鼓励时如何给予他们关心给出了一些建议。
13．选B　根据空前一句“然而，当你不能陪在朋友身边时，让他们高兴起来可能并不容易”及下文提到的几个方法可知，B项“值得庆幸的是，你可以通过很多方式提供帮助”承上启下，符合语境。
14．选G　根据空前一句“问问你的朋友是否有什么特别的事情你可以做来帮助他们”可知，作者建议主动询问朋友是否需要帮助。故G项“这个问题本身就会显示出你的关心，他们也会感谢你的好意”符合语境。其中“the question”与上文相呼应。
15．选E　空处为段落主旨句。根据下文的“如果你的朋友需要安慰，经常提醒他们你在想念他们。分享一些让你想起他们的事情”可知，本段指的是与朋友保持联系。故E项“给他们发短信，让他们知道你在想他们”引领下文，符合语境。
16．选F　根据下文的“给他们发一份清单，列出你认为他们很棒的原因”以及本段最后一句“读完你所列出的原因后，他们会感到受到鼓舞”可知，这里指的是当朋友心情不好、低落的时候你该怎样做。故F项“如果他们最近情绪低落，他们可能需要提醒”承上启下，符合语境。
17．选D　根据空前一句“送花到他们的公寓，或者寄给他们一张他们最喜欢的音乐专辑”可知，此时可买礼物送给朋友；再根据下文“一件自制的礼物，比如一条编织的围巾或一件艺术品，同样会振奋他们的精神”可知，礼物无需多贵，心意到了就可以。故D项“在支出方面，不必倾尽所有”承上启下，符合语境。UNIT 3　课时检测(五)　“Extended reading”的课文习读环节
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Once again， I was at a new school.So was a girl in my class named Paris.That was where the similarities ended.
I was tall and she was small.I was one of the oldest in the class while she was the youngest.My hair was thick， short and ugly while hers was long and beautiful.I was awkward and shy.She wasn't.I couldn't stand her， considering her my enemy.But she wanted to be friends.
One day， she invited me over and I said yes — I was too shocked to say no.Actually， no one had invited me to play before.But this girl， who wore the latest fashions， wanted to invite me.
She lived on the fourth floor in a two-room place.When we got to the room she shared with her sister， she took out a big case of Barbies — which was my next surprise.I would have thought she had outgrown (因长大而不适用……) them.I had never played with them.But we sat on the floor of a walk-in cupboard laughing as we made up crazy stories about the Barbies.That's when we found out that we both wanted to be writers when we were older.We both had wild imaginations.
We had a great time that afternoon.She showed me her outfits， which had mostly come from a designer clothing store down the block.The woman who owned it sometimes used her as a model for her newspaper ads and gave her clothes in exchange.
Paris charmed (吸引) the whole neighborhood.The bookstore owners lent her fashion magazines， the movie theater gave her free passes and the pizza place let her have free pieces.Soon I was included in her magic world.We slept over at each other's house and spent every free moment together.I let my hair grow out and learned to love being tall.
Paris， my first real friend since childhood， helped me get through my tough teenage years and taught me an amazing thing about making friends： Your “worst enemy” can turn out to be your best friend.
1．At the time described at the beginning of the passage， the writer ________.
A．felt she had little in common with Paris
B．thought highly of Paris for being confident
C．felt she was not as well-behaved as Paris
D．stayed away from Paris because of their differences
2．The writer describes Paris as a girl who ________.
A．knew how to exchange services
B．refused to grow up
C．was good at dealing with people
D．bought a lot of designer clothing
3．From the passage， we can tell that through her friendship with Paris， the writer ________.
A．started to accept herself
B．also became a neighborhood star
C．learned more about fashion
D．was able to fit in at her new school
4．What's the main idea of the passage？
A．Life holds a lot of surprises for us.
B．If you hate the differences between you and someone else， you'll be bored to death.
C．Never judge a person from his appearance.
D．Sometimes you can make friends if you get past what seems differences.
B
There are three different kinds of friends in our life. I classify (分类) them according to how well I know them and how well they know me.
The first type of friend is just an acquaintance (熟人). This means that you only know their names. You might not even remember what they look like if you go away for a short vacation. You don't miss them when they are elsewhere. It is also this type of friend who gives you the most amount of aggravation (恼怒). Since most of the time you are placed in a position where you have to act friendly， you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry， such as tapping the fingers on a table or shouting loudly. I call them “pest friends”．
The second kind of friend is a “guest friend”. They are just social partners. You meet them at a certain location and at the end of the meeting you go your separate way and they go theirs. You don't talk too often with this sort of friend， and you don't share each other's secrets.
Lastly， we have “best friends”. This sort of friend is there when you need them. They know you as a person and they are there through thick and thin. Best friends are the ones that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens. If you need a listening ear， they will be the one to lend support.
Friends come in all different shapes and sizes. Every friend has an impact on our life.
5．According to the writer， when a friend of the first type acts in an annoying way， you ________.
A．can tell him/her about it directly
B．should stay away from him/her
C．should advise him/her to correct his/her behaviour
D．may find it hard to tell him/her not to do so
6．If someone is with you through thick and thin， it means ________.
A．he/she is your friend for sure
B．he/she agrees with whatever you say
C．you spend most of your time together
D．he/she is with you even when there are difficulties
7．What will most probably be talked about in the following paragraph？
A．How to make friends.
B．How friends influence our life.
C．How to improve friendship.
D．How to get along well with the third type of friend.
8．What is this passage mainly about？
A．What a true friend is like.
B．Three kinds of friends in our life.
C．The role that friends play in our life.
D．Why there are different kinds of friends.
C
Too many people want others to be their friends， but they don't give friendship back. That is why some friendships don't last very long. To have a friend， you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules： be honest； be generous (宽宏大量的)； be understanding.
Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If you do not tell the truth， people usually find out. If a friend finds out that you haven't been honest， you may lose your friend's trust. Good friends always rely on one another to speak and act honestly.
Generosity means sharing and sharing makes a friendship grow. You do not have to give your lunch money or your clothes. Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend. They tell your friend what is important to you. By sharing them， you help your friend know better.
Sooner or later everyone needs understanding and help with a problem. Something may go wrong at school. Talking about the problem can make it easier to solve. Turning to a friend can be a first step in solving the problem. So to be a friend you must listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend's place so that you can understand the problem better.
No two friendships are exactly alike.But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friends， you must practice honesty， generosity and understanding.
9．Some friendships don't last long because ________.
A．there are too many people who want to make friends
B．those who give others friendship receive friendship from others
C．some people receive friendship but don't give friendship back
D．they don't know friendship is something serious
10．According to the passage， honesty is ________.
A．something countable
B．the base of friendship
C．as important as money
D．more important than anything else
11．In the third paragraph， the underlined word “They” refers to ________.
A．generosity and friendship
B．generosity and sharing
C．your ideas and feelings
D．your clothes
12．What's the best title of this passage？
A．How to Be a Friend
B．Honesty Is the Best Policy
C．A Friend in Need Is a Friend Indeed
D．Three Important Points in Life
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
When you feel down， you are expecting to receive support or comfort from your friends.Your friends feel the same way.However， it may be not easy to cheer up your friends when you can't be by their side. __13__
Ask if there's anything you can do to help.Different people prefer to be comforted in different ways.Ask if there's anything specific you can do to help your friends. __14__ While you're talking on the phone， say something like， “What can I do to help？ I'm always here if you need anything.”
__15__ This simple gesture can really brighten your friends' day.If your friends are in need of comfort， send them frequent reminders that you're thinking of them.Share something that reminded you of them.It will let your friends know that they're still important in your life even if they're far away.
List why you think they're special.__16__ Send them a list of all the reasons why you think they're amazing.Whether it be their kind and compassionate (富有同情心的) nature， their sense of style， or their ability to find the coolest music， tell them why you are so grateful to know them.After reading what you have listed， they will feel encouraged.
Send them a gift.Surprise them with something special to make their day.Arrange for flowers to be delivered to their apartment or mail them one of their favorite albums.__17__ A homemade gift， like a knitted (针织的) scarf or a piece of artwork， will lift their spirits all the same.
A．Send a gift to them to celebrate their success.
B．Thankfully， there are many ways you can help.
C．Therefore， you can visit them to cheer them up.
D．You don't have to go all out in terms of spending.
E．Text them to let them know they're on your mind.
F．If they've been down on themselves lately， they may need a reminder.
G．The question alone will show your care， and they will appreciate your kind offer.
UNIT 3　课时检测(五)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
[A]
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章描述了作者与她的同学Paris相处的过程：从充满敌意到相互了解，到最后成为最好的朋友。
1．选A　细节理解题。根据第一、二段的内容可知，一开始作者认为她和Paris除了都是学校的新生外没有其他共同点。
2．选C　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的内容可知，Paris很擅长和人打交道，很多人都喜欢她。
3．选A　推理判断题。根据最后两段内容，尤其是倒数第二段最后一句可知，作者开始接纳自己。
4．选D　主旨大意题。作者从一开始觉得她与Paris不可能成为朋友，到慢慢发现其实她们也有共同之处，而且相处得非常开心，文章最后再次强调本以为不可能成为朋友的人也可能成为好朋友，由此可知，D项能概括本文主旨。
[B]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了作者划分的人生中的三种类型的朋友。
5．选D　细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since most of the time ... you would not normally tell an acquaintance when he or she is doing something that makes you feel angry”可知，在作者看来，当第一种朋友有恼人的行为时，你可能并不好意思直接跟他或她说不要这样做。
6．选D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“This sort of friend is there when you need them ... that you can lean and depend on no matter what happens.”可知，最好的朋友与你同甘共苦意味着即使有困难，他/她也会和你在一起。
7．选B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Every friend has an impact on our life.”可知，接下来作者最有可能要谈论的是“朋友如何影响我们的生活”。
8．选B　主旨大意题。文章第一段讲“我们的生活中有三种不同的朋友”，第二到四段分别具体讲三种类型的朋友，由此可知本文主要讲生活中的三种朋友。
[C]
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了交到好朋友的三个关键因素：诚实、宽宏大量、善解人意。
9．选C　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句“Too many people want others to be their friends， but they don't give friendship back.”可知，太多的人希望别人成为他们的朋友，但他们接受了友谊却不给予回报，所以有些友谊不会长久。
10．选B　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句“Honesty is where a good friendship starts.”可知，诚实是一段好友谊的开始，即诚实是友谊的基础。
11．选C　代词指代题。根据第三段中的“Naturally you will want to share your ideas and feelings. These can be very valuable to a friend.”可知，分享你的想法和感受对朋友来说是非常有价值的，它们告诉你的朋友什么对你是重要的。由此可以判断出，画线词“They”指的是“你的想法和感受”。
12．选A　标题归纳题。根据第一段尤其是最后一句可知，交朋友意味着要学会三条规则：诚实、宽宏大量、善解人意。故A项“如何交朋友”适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就当远方的朋友需要安慰或鼓励时如何给予他们关心给出了一些建议。
13．选B　根据空前一句“然而，当你不能陪在朋友身边时，让他们高兴起来可能并不容易”及下文提到的几个方法可知，B项“值得庆幸的是，你可以通过很多方式提供帮助”承上启下，符合语境。
14．选G　根据空前一句“问问你的朋友是否有什么特别的事情你可以做来帮助他们”可知，作者建议主动询问朋友是否需要帮助。故G项“这个问题本身就会显示出你的关心，他们也会感谢你的好意”符合语境。其中“the question”与上文相呼应。
15．选E　空处为段落主旨句。根据下文的“如果你的朋友需要安慰，经常提醒他们你在想念他们。分享一些让你想起他们的事情”可知，本段指的是与朋友保持联系。故E项“给他们发短信，让他们知道你在想他们”引领下文，符合语境。
16．选F　根据下文的“给他们发一份清单，列出你认为他们很棒的原因”以及本段最后一句“读完你所列出的原因后，他们会感到受到鼓舞”可知，这里指的是当朋友心情不好、低落的时候你该怎样做。故F项“如果他们最近情绪低落，他们可能需要提醒”承上启下，符合语境。
17．选D　根据空前一句“送花到他们的公寓，或者寄给他们一张他们最喜欢的音乐专辑”可知，此时可买礼物送给朋友；再根据下文“一件自制的礼物，比如一条编织的围巾或一件艺术品，同样会振奋他们的精神”可知，礼物无需多贵，心意到了就可以。故D项“在支出方面，不必倾尽所有”承上启下，符合语境。
5 / 5

展开更多......

收起↑