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教学课件
沪教（牛津）英语八年级下册
Unit4语法专项—— 一般过去时与一般将来时被动语态
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
掌握一般过去时被动语态的结构与用法
掌握一般将来时被动语态的结构与用法
能准确区分两种时态的被动语态
能完成填空、句型转换、选择等题型
能在语境中正确运用被动语态
被动语态核心概念
被动语态强调动作的承受者，而非执行者
基本构成：be动词 + 动词过去分词
本单元重点学习过去与将来两种被动形式
常用于介绍文化作品、历史事件、活动安排
动作执行者可省略，或用by引出
一般过去时被动语态—构成
表示过去发生且已经完成的被动动作
单数主语：was + 动词过去分词 复数主语：were + 动词过去分词
be动词随主语人称和数发生变化，过去分词分规则变化与不规则变化
例句：The park was built in 2010.这座公园建于2010年。
These stamps were collected by my father.这些邮票是我父亲收集的。
The window was broken yesterday.窗户昨天被打破了。
一般过去时被动—否定句
否定形式直接在be动词后加not
单数：was not + 过去分词（wasn’t）
复数：were not + 过去分词（weren’t）
The car wasn’t washed last week. 这辆车上周没有被清洗。
They weren’t invited to the party. 他们没有被邀请参加派对。
一般过去时被动—疑问句
一般疑问句将was/were提至句首
Was the letter sent this morning 这封信是今天早上寄的吗？
Were the rooms cleaned just now 房间刚才被打扫了吗？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+was/were.
否定回答：No, 主语+wasn’t/weren’t.
一般将来时被动语态—构成
表示将来将要发生的被动动作，结构：will be + 动词过去分词
所有主语均使用will be，无单复数变化
常搭配tomorrow, next week, in two days等时间状语
例句：：The meeting will be held tomorrow. 会议将于明天举行。
The new library will be opened next month.新图书馆将于下个月开放。
These trees will be planted next spring.这些树将于明年春天种植。
一般将来时被动—否定句
否定形式在will后加not
结构：will not be + 过去分词（won’t be）
The work won’t be finished today. 这项工作今天不会完成。
The plan won’t be discussed this week. 这个计划本周不会被讨论。
一般将来时被动—疑问句
一般疑问句将will提至句首
Will the bridge be finished next year 这座桥明年会完工吗？
Will the artist be invited to the show 这位艺术家会被邀请参加展览吗？
肯定回答：Yes, 主语+will.
否定回答：No, 主语+won’t.
两种被动语态对比
一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词
一般将来时被动：will be + 过去分词
过去被动用于已发生的被动事件
将来被动用于计划好的未来被动事件
be动词在过去被动中有单复数变化
使用场景判断
主语为物品、建筑、作品时常用被动
有yesterday/last等过去标志用过去被动
有tomorrow/next等将来标志用将来被动
无需提及动作执行者时优先使用被动
介绍历史、文化、活动场景高频使用
规则动词过去分词
1. 规则动词过去分词直接在词尾加ed
work—worked，clean—cleaned
play—played，invite—invited
2. 以不发音e结尾直接加d, invite—invited move—moved
3. 重读闭音节双写末尾辅音加ed，plant—planned， stop—stopped
4. 以辅音字母+y结尾，变y为i,再加ed，carry—carried，try—tried
不规则动词过去分词 （高频）
write—written speak—spoken break—broken take—taken
give—given see—seen do—done build—built
sell—sold send—sent eat—eaten wear—worn
buy—bought spend—spent tell—told
习题一：动词填空
1.The story ____________ (tell) last class.
2.These photos ________________ (take) last summer.
3.A new park _______________ (build) next year.
4.The letter ________________ (send) yesterday.
5.The problem ________________ (solve) soon.
was told
were taken
will be built
was sent
will be solved
6.The gifts __________________ (give) to kids last week.
7.The meeting __________________ (hold) tomorrow.
8.His homework __________________ (finish) just now.
9.The bridge __________________ (repair) in two weeks.
10.The songs __________________ (sing) at the party.
were given
will be held
was finished
will be repaired
were sung
习题二： 将下列主动句改为被动语态
1.People built this tower 100 years ago.
2.We will hold a party this weekend.
3.They finished the work yesterday.
4.She will clean the room tomorrow.
5.He wrote three books last year.
6.We will plant more trees next spring.
This tower was built 100 years ago.
A party will be held this weekend.
The work was finished yesterday.
The room will be cleaned tomorrow.
Three books were written by him last year.
More trees will be planted next spring.
习题三：单项选择
1.The house ______ in 2005.
A. built B. was built C. will be built
2.The plan ______ tomorrow.
A. discussed B. is discussed C. will be discussed
3.These books ______ by Lu Xun.
A. were written B. wrote C. will write
B
C
A
4.The work ______ in three days.
A. finishes B. will be finished C. finished
5.The window ______ by Tom yesterday.
A. broken B. was broken C. breaks
6.The song ______ next class. A. will be sung B. sings C. sang
7.My homework ______ just now.
A. was finished B. finished C. will be finished
B
B
A
A
习题四：短文填空
Last year, a new library ___________ (build) in our school. Many books ___________ (buy) for it. The library ___________ (open) last month.Next term, more books ___________ (add) to it. It ___________ (use) by all students soon.
was built
were bought
was opened
will be added
will be used
习题五：汉译英
1.这座塔是100年前建造的。
2.运动会将在下个月举行。
3.窗户昨天被打破了。
4.新书下周将被出版。
5.这幅画是他爸爸画的。
The tower was built 100 years ago.
The sports meeting will be held next month.
The window was broken yesterday.
The new book will be published next week.
This picture was drawn by his father.
习题六：判断下列句子正误，正确写T，错误写F
1.The letter was send yesterday.
2.The meeting will be held tomorrow.
3.These books were written last year.
4.The work will finished soon.
5.The house was built in 2010.
F
T
T
F
T
习题七：句式改写
1.The cake was eaten. （改为否定句）
2.The letter will be sent. （改为一般疑问句）
3. The room was cleaned. （改为一般疑问句
The cake wasn’t eaten.
Will the letter be sent
Was the room cleaned
易错点提醒①
被动语态必须包含be动词，不可遗漏
过去被动中主语单复数决定was或were
will后面必须跟原形be，不能用is/are
过去分词形式要准确，规则与不规则区分
时间标志词是判断时态的关键依据
易错点提醒②
主动变被动时，原句宾语变为主语
动作执行者用by引出，可根据语境省略
否定句与疑问句注意be动词与will位置
被动语态不强调谁做，只强调被做
写作中适当使用被动提升表达地道性
本章重点总结①
一般过去时被动：was/were + 过去分词
一般将来时被动：will be + 过去分词
否定形式在be动词或will后加not
疑问句将be动词或will提至句首
核心：be动词变化 + 正确过去分词
本章重点总结②
被动语态突出动作承受者，适用正式语境
过去被动描述已完成的被动事件
将来被动描述计划中的未来被动事件
熟记不规则动词过去分词
结合时间状语与主语单复数准确使用
教学课件
Unit4语法专项—— 一般过去时与一般将来时被动语态
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