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广州沪教版2026新版八下Unit1 Helping those in need 知识要点归纳
一、核心词汇（必背）
1. 高频实词
- volunteer / v l n t (r)/ v. 自愿做；n. 志愿者
- offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提出
- serious / s ri s/ adj. 严重的
- disease /d zi z/ n. 疾病；
-cancer n. 癌症
- spirits / sp r ts/ n. [pl.] 情绪；心境
- pain /pe n/ n. 痛苦；苦恼
- spare /spe (r)/ adj. 空闲的
- raise /re z/ v. 筹募；提高
- donate /d ne t/ v. 捐赠
- permission /p m n/ n. 准许；许可
- lonely / l nli/ adj. 孤独的（侧重情感）；
-alone adj. 独自的（侧重状态）
- disabled /d s e bld/ adj. 残疾的
- elderly / eld li/ adj. 上了年纪的
- joy /d / n. 快乐；喜悦
-lose/lu:z/v. 散失；失去
-pound/paund/n. 英镑
- belong /b l / v. 适应；属于
- ease /i z/ v. 减轻；缓解；
-ache v. 疼痛
2. 补充词汇
- structure n. 结构；arrange v. 排列；布置；mighty adj. 巨大的；pleasant adj. 令人愉快的
二、重点短语（课文高频）
1. helping those in need 帮助有需要的人
2. disabled people 残障人士
3. voluntary work 志愿工作
4. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
5. volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事
6. suffer from 遭受；患（病）
7. cheer sb. up （使）高兴起来；振作
8. raise one’s spirits 使某人振奋
9. look after / care for 照顾；照料
10. have difficulty (in) doing sth. 做某事有困难
11. donate ... to ... 向……捐赠……
12. raise money for 为……筹款
13. in one’s spare time 在某人空闲时间
14. ask for permission 请求许可
15. express one’s feelings 表达某人的情感
16. in low spirits 情绪低落
17. in order to 为了；目的是
18. tidy up 收拾；整理
19. in vain 徒劳无益；枉费心机
20. flower arranging 插花
三、核心语法：动词不定式（to do）
1. 基本结构
- 肯定：to + 动词原形
- 否定：not to + 动词原形
2. 本单元核心用法
（1）作宾语（接在及物动词后）
- 常见动词：want, hope, plan, decide, offer, volunteer, continue, learn
例句：I offered to help the sick children.
例句：She volunteered to teach disabled children music.
（2）作宾语补足语（动词 + 宾语 + to do）
- 常见动词：encourage, tell, ask, want
例句：We encouraged them to tell stories from their life.
（3）作目的状语（表“为了……”）
例句：We organized a painting competition to raise their spirits.
例句：I took photos to help Jin Ya finish her painting.
（4）形式主语结构：It’s + adj. + (for sb.) + to do
例句：It’s meaningful to do voluntary work.
例句：It’s important for us to help people in need.
3. 感官动词（see, hear等）和使役动词（make, let等）后接不带to的不定式作宾补， help 后可带或不带to。
例句：He saw a volunteer help an elderly lady.
She heard the singer perform for the children in the next room.
The students helped the woman (to) find her bag.
四、课文核心句型（写作&口语必背）
1. I saw a notice for voluntary work at the children’s hospital, so my best friend and I offered to help.
我在儿童医院看到一份志愿工作通知，于是我和最好的朋友主动提出帮忙。
2. The children there all suffer from serious diseases like cancer.
那里的孩子都患有癌症等重病。
3. We wanted to cheer them up and raise their spirits with fun activities.
我们想用有趣的活动让他们高兴起来、振奋精神。
4. We encouraged them to express their feelings by telling stories.
我们鼓励他们通过讲故事来表达自己的情感。
5. Sometimes I feel like I don’t belong anywhere.
有时候我觉得自己无处可归。
6. Some of them have difficulty (in) moving around and taking part in social activities.
他们中有些人行动不便，难以参加社交活动。
7. I will continue to visit her in my spare time.
我会在空闲时间继续看望她。
8. Music can bring them joy and help them feel more positive.
音乐能给他们带来快乐，帮助他们变得更积极。
五、词形转换（考点）
动词/名词 形容词 名词
volunteer(v./n.) voluntary —
--- serious seriousness
disable(n.) disabled disability
express(v.) expressive expression
mean(v.) meaningful meaning
Joy (n.) joyful —
please(v.) pleasant pleasure
六、主题拓展：志愿工作类型
- helping sick people 帮助病人
- helping disabled people 帮助残疾人
- helping elderly people 帮助老年人
- teaching children English 教孩子英语
- picking up litter 捡拾垃圾
- looking after homeless animals 照顾流浪动物

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