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/ 让学习更有效 月考培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 月考培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册阶段全真模拟培优卷人教版（2024）
Unit 3~Unit 4
注意事项：
1．本试卷共七大题，满分120分（不含听力口语30分），考试用时100分钟；
2．答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考点名称、考场号、座位号用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔填写在相对应的位置上，并认真核对条形码上的准考号、姓名是否与本人的相符合；
3．答选择题必须用2B铅笔把对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案；答非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色墨水签字笔写在指定的位置上，不在答题区域内的答案一律无效，不得用其他笔答题。
第一部分 完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
Do you know what the world’s 1 waterfall is You may say that it is Niagara Falls.
Niagara Falls is really beautiful. But in terms of (就……而言) height, the most fantastic waterfall in the world is Angel Falls. It is deep in the jungle of Venezuela (委内瑞拉).
Thousands of people want to have a look at Angel Falls. 2 , so far, few people have seen Angel Falls. The reason why few people can go there is that it is very 3 to get there. If you go by land, you have to travel for several 4 through thick jungles. If you go by plane from Caracas, a city on the southern coast, it will take about four hours.
These fascinating waterfalls are 5 of nature. One of the most interesting facts about Angel Falls is how people 6 it. It was 7 after an American pilot. His name was James Angel. In 1937, his plane crashed (坠落) near the top of the falls. That’s 8 he discovered it.
Angel Falls drops nearly one kilometre from a mountain. The water seems to be dropping straight out of the clouds. The height of the falls is so great that by the time the water reaches the ground it has already 9 fog.
10 you have a chance to visit it, you can’t miss it. I am sure you’ll never forget it if you have seen it!
1．A．tallest B．largest C．biggest D．highest
2．A．But B．However C．So D．And
3．A．fast B．late C．hard D．easy
4．A．weeks B．years C．months D．minutes
5．A．means B．wonders C．descriptions D．features
6．A．discovered B．inspired C．controlled D．liked
7．A．known B．named C．given D．remembered
8．A．what B．why C．when D．how
9．A．turned on B．turned down C．turned into D．turned off
10．A．Unless B．If C．Because D．Though
第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）
请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Everyone’s journey of growing up is different, but there are some common things that we all experience. For most of us, growing up means learning to be independent, making our own decisions and taking responsibility for our actions.
My name is Lucy. When I was 10 years old, I used to be afraid of being alone. I always wanted my parents to be with me. But one day, my parents had to go out for a whole day, and I had to stay at home by myself. At first, I was very scared. But I told myself that I had to be brave. I finished my homework, cooked myself a simple meal and cleaned the room. When my parents came back, they were very proud of me. That day, I felt that I had grown up a little.
As I grew older, I faced more challenges. I had to make decisions by myself, such as choosing my own hobbies and making friends. I also learned to take responsibility for my mistakes. Once, I broke my friend’s pencil and I didn’t want to admit it. But my mother told me that being honest is important. I apologized to my friend and bought her a new pencil. That experience taught me to be responsible.
Growing up is not just about getting older. It’s about becoming a better person. It’s about learning from our mistakes, being kind to others and never giving up. I am still growing up, and I look forward to all the new experiences that are waiting for me.
11．What does growing up mean for most people according to the passage
A．Learning to be dependent. B．Letting others make decisions for us.
C．Learning to be independent and responsible. D．Not making any mistakes.
12．How did Lucy feel when she stayed at home alone for the first time
A．Happy. B．Scared. C．Excited. D．Bored.
13．What did Lucy do when she stayed at home alone
A．She cried all day. B．She went out to play.
C．She finished her homework, cooked and cleaned. D．She waited for her parents to come back.
14．What did Lucy learn from breaking her friend’s pencil
A．She should not play with pencils. B．She should be responsible.
C．She should not make friends. D．She should hide her mistakes.
15．What is the main idea of Lucy’s story
A．Growing up means getting older.
B．Growing up is about learning to be independent and responsible.
C．It’s scary to stay at home alone.
D．We should never make mistakes.
B
Growing up is a process of change. It is not just about physical growth, but also about mental and emotional growth. As we grow up, we learn to be independent, responsible and kind. We also learn to face difficulties and solve problems by ourselves.
When I was in primary school, I was very dependent on my parents. I needed them to help me with everything, from finishing my homework to tying my shoes. But when I entered junior high school, I realized that I had to grow up. I started to learn to do things by myself. I finished my homework on time, cleaned my room and helped my parents with housework.
I also faced many challenges in my study. There were times when I failed exams and felt sad. But my teachers and parents encouraged me to keep trying. They told me that failure is not terrible; what’s terrible is giving up. With their support, I tried harder and made great progress.
Growing up is not always easy. There are happy moments and difficult moments. But every experience, whether good or bad, helps us grow. I believe that as long as we keep trying and never give up, we will grow into better people.
16．What is growing up according to the passage
A．It’s only about physical growth.
B．It’s only about mental growth.
C．It’s a process of physical, mental and emotional growth.
D．It’s a process of becoming taller and stronger.
17．What did the writer do when he was in primary school
A．He was very independent.
B．He was very dependent on his parents.
C．He finished his homework by himself.
D．He helped his parents with housework.
18．What did the writer realize when he entered junior high school
A．He had to grow up and be independent.
B．He could still depend on his parents.
C．He didn’t need to study hard.
D．He could give up when he failed.
19．What did the writer’s teachers and parents tell him when he failed exams
A．Failure is terrible.
B．Giving up is not terrible.
C．Failure is not terrible; giving up is.
D．He should stop trying.
20．What can we learn from the passage
A．Growing up is always easy.
B．Every experience helps us grow.
C．We don’t need help from others when growing up.
D．Failure is terrible and we should avoid it.
C
Humans seem small in the face of the forces of nature, especially when it comes to Qomolangma. However, about 10,000 people have climbed it. Do you want to be a part of them There is a lot of work to do.
Getting a climbing permit
You can climb Qomolangma from China or Nepal, but both need a permit. A Nepal permit needs about 76,000 yuan.
Training
As you climb higher, there is less oxygen. Also, the temperature at the top of the mountain is about -34°C． Climbers should train for at least a year by doing exercises like running and swimming. It is also important to learn rock climbing and other skills.
Getting experience
To prepare for climbing Qomolangma, you should try climbing a mountain over 6,500 metres high. This can help you get used to the environment of high mountains.
Going to the base camp
Here, the climbers wait for good weather to set off. But the weather changes a lot. Climbers might meet snowstorms even if it’s sunny when they set off.
Reaching the top
It usually takes 3-4 days to reach the top. There are 17 ways to climb. The climbers often go with Nepali guides who are good at climbing and can help climbers in danger.
21．What is needed to climb Qomolangma from China or Nepal according to the passage
A．A special map. B．A climbing permit. C．A local guide. D．A lot of food.
22．How long should climbers train before climbing Qomolangma
A．At least half a year. B．At least one year. C．At least two years. D．At least three years.
23．Why do climbers often go with Nepali guides when climbing Qomolangma
A．Because Nepali guides are cheap. B．Because Nepali guides know the shortest route.
C．Because Nepali guides can help climbers in danger. D．Because Nepali guides provide free equipment.
24．Why may some climbers face snowstorms even if it’s sunny when they set off
A．Because they climb in winter. B．Because the weather changes quickly.
C．Because they choose the wrong path. D．Because they wait at base camp for too long.
25．On which of the following websites can we most probably read the passage
A．http://www.nature.org/stories/ B．http://www./climb/
C．http://www./places/ D．http://www./biking/
D
When you travel in England, you can’t miss the visit to Windsor Castle, the family home to British kings and queens for over 1,000 years. It is the oldest and largest occupied castle in the world and the Official Residence of the King of Britain. Windsor Castle is huge and beautiful so people all over the world like to visit it. Opening Time at Windsor Castle: The castle opening hours ◆1 Mar. 2025-31 Oct. 2025 (Monday-Sunday 10:00-17:15) ◆1 Nov. 2025-28 Feb. 2026 (Monday-Sunday 10:00-16:15) Prices Adult ticket: 21. 20 Family ticket (2 adults & 3 children between 5 and 17 years old): 54. 70 Senior/College student ticket: 19. 30 Under 17 years old/Disabled ticket: 12. 30 Castle Closing Dates The castle will be closed on the following dates: ◆17&18 Jun. 2025 ◆12 Oct. 2025 Top tips ◆Book your ticket on the Internet before you arrive to save some time. ◆If you want to see the Changing of the Guard Ceremony, get to the Castle grounds at 11:00. During the summer it takes place every day, if the weather is good. Welcome to Windsor Castle! We are waiting for you here.
26．What time does the castle close on 1 Oct. 2025
A．At 10:00. B．At 17:15. C．At 9:45. D．At 16:15.
27．They should pay at least ________ if Mr and Mrs Green bring their three children (all between 5 and 17 years old) to visit the castle.
A． 79.30 B． 67 C． 57.40 D． 54.70
28．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．You can visit the castle on 18 Jun. 2025.
B．You can book the ticket on the Internet.
C．The castle is the home to British Prime Minister.
D．The disabled can visit the castle for free.
29．The Changing of the Guard Ceremony might NOT take place in summer if ________.
A．the weather is bad B．the castle is being repaired
C．there are no visitors D．the King doesn’t live there
30．Where can you find the passage
A．In a newspaper. B．In a storybook.
C．In a guidebook. D．In a cookbook.
第三部分 信息还原（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项(有两项多余)。
The Dead Sea is a very special place on Earth. 31 It’s between Israel and Jordan. The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It’s a big lake. 32 No fish can live in it, and no plants grow around it. That’s why it’s called the “Dead Sea”.
33 The water is so salty that you can float on it easily without swimming. Many people go there to float and enjoy the sunshine. 34 The mud (泥) from the Dead Sea is also good for skin. People often put it on their faces and bodies.
35 But because of too much water being taken from the rivers that feed it, the Dead Sea is getting smaller every year. Scientists are trying to find ways to save it.
A．It’s famous for its very salty water.
B．It’s the lowest place on Earth.
C．The Dead Sea is in danger now.
D．The water there is very clean.
E．It’s much saltier than the ocean.
F．You can’t drink the water from the Dead Sea.
G．Some people go there to treat their skin problems.
第四部分 词汇运用（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
第一节 根据下列句子所给汉语注释或首字母，写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。每空限填一词。
36．The _______ (裁判) blew the whistle (哨) to stop the game when a player fell down injured.
37．Please stop your ________ (消极的) ideas. Take up an active hobby.
38．We should ________ (表现)well wherever we are.
39．The engineer is familiar with the ________ (结构) of the high building.
40．Many people are interested in the ________ (水下的) world.
41．A________ it’s old, it means a lot to me.
42．There are p________ of fish in the river.
43．The d________ is full of sand and there are few green plants in it.
44．Thе rivers аnd lakеs аrе frоzеn bеcausе it’s thirtу d________ bеlow zеro оutsidе.
45．We should take a deep b________ when we are nervous.
从下面方框中选出10个单词，将其正确形式填入短文，使短文意思正确通顺(每词限用一次)。
advise breath clear decide enter hurt joy lose pride repeat solve you
Anger is a kind of feeling. Many things can make you angry. When your teacher gives you too much homework, when your team 46 an important game, or when your friend borrows your favourite thing and then breaks it, you may get really angry.
Usually, your body will tell you 47 when you are angry. For example, you 48 much faster, your face turns red and you may break something or say something 49 to someone. But sometimes, you try to hide your anger. However, doing this can hurt your health, giving you a headache or a stomachache.
In fact, it’s normal for you to get angry sometimes. But you must deal with your anger in the right way, without hurting others or 50 . Here is some 51 :
When you get angry, you can talk about it with other people, like your parents, teachers, and good friends. When you talk, those bad feelings start to go away, and you may even find a(n) 52 to your problem. You can also do some other things: count from 1 to 100, think about 53 memories, go for a bike ride, and so on.
It’s your 54 how to deal with anger. You should feel 55 when you learn to control your anger. Remember, however you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse.
第五部分 短文填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文，根据括号内所给汉语注释写出单词的正确形式 (每空一词) 。
To most people, Mount Qomolangma is one of the greatest wonders of the world. But only the best climbers reach the top, and that is only if they 56 (生存) the terrible conditions first. On the mountain, temperatures can fall to -30 57 (度). Climbers must also deal with thin air, high cliffs, and 58 (易变) weather. Before 1960, no one was able to reach the top of Qomolangma from the 59 (北部) side. Mountain climbers even called that way the “Death Road”. But a Chinese climbing team was 60 (有决心) to make the climb. On 24 May 1960, Liu and other climbers arrived at the Second Step. It was 8,600 metres 61 (在……上面) sea level. People said it was so high that even birds could not reach it. Liu allowed his teammates to step on his 62 (肩膀). Bit by bit, they made it past the Second Step. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous. Some climbers reach the top 63 (成功), but many fail. Why do people still 64 (使……冒风险) their lives to climb the highest mountain in the world It is because human 65 (好奇心) and ambition cannot be stopped.
阅读表达（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
阅读下面短文, 简略回答问题。
Have you ever been to Dongting Lake？It’s famous as“800-li Dongting Lake”．Dongting Lake is in the north of Hunan Province. It is about 2, 600 square kilometres in size. It is one of the five largest freshwater lakes in China. Every year, thousands of tourists from all over the world come to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake.
With the development of our society, protecting Dongting Lake has become a hot topic (话题). In fact, people of Yueyang are trying to improve the environment of the lake. On the one hand, they set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve in 1982. It provides a good place for birds and rare animals. If you go there, you can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass in East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve. On the other hand, factories mustn’t put waste water into the lake. Fishes are living in the clean water. At the same time, they plant colourful flowers and green trees along Dongting Lake. It is nice for people to go there when flowers come out and leaves turn green.
Dongting Lake is the mother lake in Hunan Province. Each of us should try our best to protect it.
66．Where is Dongting Lake
67．Why do many tourists come to Yueyang every year
68．What can you see if you go to East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve
69．What do people in Yueyang do to improve the environment of Dongting Lake？(At least two points)
70．Do you want to take a trip to Dongting Lake？What do you plan to do for it after reading the passage
书面表达（共1题；满分25分）
71．假如你是李华，请写一封邮件给你的网友Jack，介绍一处你认为最美丽的自然奇观。
内容包括：1. 你认为最美丽的自然奇观是哪里；
2. 介绍其位置、风景以及喜欢的原因。
要求：1. 围绕主题展开写作，可适当发挥；2. 词数80—100，开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 文中不得出现真实的姓名和学校名称。
1. 时态：主要使用一般现在时；2. 人称：主要使用第一人称；3. 框架结构：
Dear Jack,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
I’m looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 月考培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 月考培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．D 2．B 3．C 4．A 5．B 6．A 7．B 8．D 9．C 10．B
【导语】本文介绍了世界上最高的瀑布——安赫尔瀑布，它位于委内瑞拉丛林深处，因交通不便鲜有人至，还讲述了它以美国飞行员James Angel命名的由来，以及瀑布壮观的景象。
1．句意：你知道世界上最高的瀑布是什么吗？
根据后文“In terms of height, the most fantastic waterfall in the world is Angel Falls”的明确提示，此处强调“高度”。应选用highest，表示“最高的”。tallest一般形容人/物高度，largest和biggest侧重规模，均不符合语境。
2．句意：成千上万的人想去看看安赫尔瀑布。然而，到目前为止，很少有人见过它。
根据上下文逻辑，“想去看”和“很少有人见过”是转折关系，且空后有逗号。应选用However，表示“然而”。But后通常不加逗号，So和And均不符合转折逻辑。
3．句意：很少有人能去那里的原因是，到达那里非常困难。
根据后文“travel for several weeks through thick jungles”，此处指路途艰难。应选用hard，表示“困难的”。fast“快的”、late“晚的”和easy“容易的”均不符合语境。
4．句意：如果你走陆路，必须在茂密的丛林中旅行数周。
根据语境，穿越丛林耗时较长，“几周”符合逻辑。应选用weeks，表示“周”。years“年”、months“月”过长，minutes“分钟”过短，均不符合。
5．句意：这些迷人的瀑布是大自然的奇迹。
根据固定搭配“wonders of nature”，表示“大自然的奇迹”。应选用wonders，表示“奇迹”。means“方式”、descriptions“描述”和features“特征”均不符合该搭配。
6．句意：关于安赫尔瀑布最有趣的事实之一是人们是如何发现它的。
根据后文“he discovered it”的原词复现，此处指“发现”。应选用discovered，表示“发现”。inspired“启发”、controlled“控制”和liked“喜欢”均不符合语境。
7．句意：它是以一位美国飞行员的名字命名的。
根据固定搭配“be named after”，表示“以……命名”。应选用named，表示“命名”。known“知名的”、given“给予”和remembered“记得”均不符合该搭配。
8．句意：这就是他发现它的方式。
根据语境，解释发现瀑布的过程和方式。应选用how，表示“如何、方式”。what“什么”、why“为什么”和when“何时”均不符合逻辑。
9．句意：瀑布的高度非常高，当水到达地面时，已经变成了雾。
根据语境，水在下落过程中变成雾。应选用turned into，表示“变成”。turned on“打开”、turned down“调低/拒绝”和turned off“关闭”均不符合语境。
10．句意：如果你有机会去参观它，你一定不能错过。
根据语境，此处是条件状语从句，表示“如果”。应选用If，表示“如果”。Unless“除非”、Because“因为”和Though“虽然”均不符合逻辑。
11．C 12．B 13．C 14．B 15．B
【导语】本文通过Lucy对自己成长过程中两次具体经历的回忆，阐述了成长的真谛在于学会独立生活以及勇于为自己的行为承担责任。
11．第一段指出了成长的普遍含义：“For most of us, growing up means learning to be independent... and taking responsibility for our actions.”。文中明确提到成长意味着学会独立和负责。
12．第二段描述了作者第一次独自在家时的真实心理状态：“At first, I was very scared.”。scared“害怕的”对应选项B。
13．第二段详细列举了作者独自在家时所做的事情：“I finished my homework, cooked myself a simple meal and cleaned the room.”。
14．第三段结尾总结了作者从弄坏铅笔这件事中领悟到的道理：“That experience taught me to be responsible.”。文中直接点明该经历教会她要负责任。
15．文章首段提出观点，中间两段通过作者独立在家及处理弄坏铅笔这两个具体故事进行论证，全文核心围绕“成长即学会独立与负责”展开。
16．C 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．B
【导语】本文通过作者从依赖到独立的成长经历，阐述了成长的深刻内涵，指出成长不仅是身体的变化，更是心理的成熟与责任感的建立，并强调了坚持与面对挫折的重要性。
16．第一段指出成长是一个包含身体、心理和情感多方面变化的综合过程：“It is not just about physical growth, but also about mental and emotional growth.”。
17．作者在第二段明确描述了自己小学时的状态：“When I was in primary school, I was very dependent on my parents.”，说明他当时非常依赖父母。
18．第二段中作者提到进入初中后心态发生了转变：“But when I entered junior high school, I realized that I had to grow up. I started to learn to do things by myself.”，这表明他意识到需要成长并学会独立。
19．第三段详细记录了老师和家长在作者考试失利时的教诲：“They told me that failure is not terrible; what’s terrible is giving up.”，强调了放弃比失败本身更可怕。
20．文章在最后一段对成长的意义进行了高度概括：“But every experience, whether good or bad, helps us grow.”。作者认为无论人生经历是顺境还是逆境，最终都有助于我们的成长。
21．B 22．B 23．C 24．B 25．B
【导语】本文主要介绍了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的相关信息。
21．细节理解题。根据“You can climb Qomolangma from China or Nepal, but both need a permit.”可知，从中国或尼泊尔攀登珠穆朗玛峰需要登山许可证。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据“Climbers should train for at least a year by doing exercises like running and swimming.”可知，登山者应该至少训练一年。故选B。
23．细节理解题。根据“The climbers often go with Nepali guides who are good at climbing and can help climbers in danger.”可知，登山者经常和尼泊尔向导一起登山是因为尼泊尔向导擅长登山，能在危险时帮助登山者。故选C。
24．细节理解题。根据“But the weather changes a lot. Climbers might meet snowstorms even if it’s sunny when they set off.”可知，有些登山者出发时即使天气晴朗也可能面临暴风雪是因为天气变化很快。故选B。
25．推理判断题。文章主要介绍了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的相关信息，包括获取登山许可证、训练、获取经验、前往大本营和登顶等方面的内容，与登山挑战相关。所以最有可能在http://www./climb/这个网站上读到这篇文章。故选B。
26．B 27．D 28．B 29．A 30．C
【导语】本文是说明文，主要介绍了温莎城堡的历史地位、开放时间、票价、闭馆日期及参观小贴士等旅游信息。
26．细节理解题。根据“1 Mar. 2025-31 Oct. 2025 (Monday-Sunday 10:00-17:15)”可知，2025年10月1日城堡的闭馆时间是17:15。故选B。
27．细节理解题。根据“Family ticket (2 adults & 3 children between 5 and 17 years old): 54. 70”可知，格林夫妇带三个5-17岁的孩子参观，购买家庭票最划算，费用为 54.70。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“Book your ticket on the Internet before you arrive to save some time.”可知，游客可以在网上预订门票。故选B。
29．细节理解题。根据“During the summer it takes place every day, if the weather is good.”可知，如果天气不好，夏季的换岗仪式可能不会举行。故选A。
30．推理判断题。本文详细介绍了温莎城堡的旅游相关信息，包括开放时间、票价和参观建议等，这类内容通常出现在旅游指南书中。故选C。
31．B 32．E 33．A 34．G 35．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了死海的特点、现状以及面临的问题。
31．根据“The Dead Sea is a very special place on Earth.”以及“It’s between Israel and Jordan. The Dead Sea is not a real sea. It’s a big lake.”可知，前文提到死海是一个特别的地方，后文描述其位置和不是真正的海等信息，此空应是对死海特别之处的进一步说明，选项B“它是地球上最低的地方。”符合语境。故选B。
32．根据“It’s a big lake.”以及“No fish can live in it, and no plants grow around it. That’s why it’s called the ‘Dead Sea’.”可知，此处需要解释为什么生物无法生存，选项E“那里的水比海洋咸得多。”符合语境。故选E。
33．根据“The water is so salty that you can float on it easily without swimming.”可知，本段主要讲述死海高盐度带来的独特体验，选项A“它以非常咸的水而闻名。”符合语境。故选A。
34．根据“The mud (泥) from the Dead Sea is also good for skin.”可知，此处应涉及死海对皮肤的治疗作用，选项G“有些人去那里治疗他们的皮肤问题。”符合语境。故选G。
35．根据“But because of too much water being taken from the rivers that feed it, the Dead Sea is getting smaller every year.”可知，此处应指出死海面临的困境。选项C“死海现在处于危险之中。”符合语境。故选C。
36．referee
【解析】句意：当一名球员受伤倒地时，裁判吹响哨子停止比赛。根据提示可知，“裁判”对应的英文单词是“referee”。“The referee”在句中作主语。故填referee。
37．negative
【解析】句意：请停止你消极的想法。培养一个积极的爱好。根据汉语提示可知，negative“消极的”，形容词，在句中作定语修饰名词idea，符合语境。故填negative。
38．behave
【解析】句意：无论我们在哪里，都应该表现得体。根据汉语提示可知，behave“表现”，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填behave。
39．structure
【解析】句意：这位工程师熟悉这栋高楼的结构。根据汉语提示可知，structure意为“结构”，是可数名词；根据句意可知，此处特指高楼的整体结构，用单数形式即可。故填structure。
40．underwater
【解析】句意：许多人对水下世界感兴趣。根据提示可知，此处表达“水下的”，underwater为形容词“水下的”，符合题意。故填underwater。
41．Although/lthough
【解析】句意：虽然它很旧，但对我来说意义重大。根据“it’s old”和“it means a lot to me”可知，此处表示“旧”与“意义重大”之间的转折让步关系。Although引导让步状语从句，符合逻辑，放在句首首字母要大写。故填Although。
42．plenty/lenty
【解析】句意：河里有很多鱼。根据首字母提示和“of fish in the river”可知，此处表示数量很多。固定搭配plenty of意为“大量、许多”，可修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词，符合语境。故填plenty。
43．desert/esert
【解析】句意：这片沙漠满是沙子，里面几乎没有绿色植物。根据首字母提示及句意可知，空处表示“沙漠”，“沙漠”英文为“desert”，空处后有is，故desert用单数形式。故填desert。
44．degrees
【解析】句意：河流和湖泊都结冰了，因为外面是零下30度。句中thirty和below zero提示这里在描述温度单位，degree“度”符合语境。thirty是大于1的数词，后面的名词需要用复数形式，因此degree要变为degrees。
45．breath/reath
【解析】句意：当我们紧张时，应该深呼吸。空格处在不定冠词a后，需用可数名词单数形式。“呼吸”的名词是breath，take a deep breath“深呼吸”，为固定短语。
46．loses 47．clearly 48．breathe 49．hurtful 50．yourself 51．advice 52．solution 53．joyful 54．decision 55．proud
【导语】本文主要围绕愤怒展开，介绍了愤怒的引发原因、身体表现、危害，以及正确处理愤怒的方式，强调要学会控制愤怒。
46．句意：当你的老师给你布置了太多作业，当你的团队输掉一场重要的比赛，或者当你的朋友借了你最喜欢的东西然后把它弄坏时，你可能会非常生气。根据“an important game”以及前文提到生气的情境，可知这里说的是队伍输掉了重要比赛会让人愤怒。lose意为“失去；输掉”，主语your team 是第三人称单数，一般现在时中动词要用第三人称单数形式。故填loses。
47．句意：通常，当你生气时，你的身体会清楚地告诉你。根据语境可知是“清楚地”，clear的副词形式clearly修饰动词tell。故填clearly。
48．句意：例如，你呼吸会变得更快，你的脸会变红，你可能会弄坏东西或者对别人说一些伤人的话。根据“your face turns red”以及常识，生气时呼吸会加快，breathe意为“呼吸”，you是主语，一般现在时中动词用原形。故填breathe。
49．句意：例如，你呼吸会变得更快，你的脸会变红，你可能会弄坏东西或者对别人说一些伤人的话。根据“say something... to someone”以及前文提到生气的表现，可知生气时可能会对别人说一些“不友好的；伤人的”话，hurt的形容词形式hurtful符合语境。故填hurtful。
50．句意：但你必须用正确的方式处理你的愤怒，而不伤害他人或你自己。根据“without hurting others”可知，这里说的是不要伤害自己，you的反身代词yourself表示“你自己”。故填yourself。
51．句意：这里有一些建议：根据“Here is some...”可知，此处需要名词。advise是动词，其名词形式advice“建议”不可数。some advice“一些建议”符合语境。故填advice。
52．句意：当你交谈时，那些不好的感觉就会开始消失，你甚至可能会找到解决你问题的方法。a solution to a problem表示“问题的解决方法”，solve的名词形式是solution。故填solution。
53．句意：你也可以做一些其他的快乐事情：从1数到100，想想快乐的回忆，去骑自行车等等。根据“think about... memories”意为“回想快乐的回忆”。joy的形容词形式是joyful用来修饰。故填joyful。
54．句意：如何处理愤怒是你的决定。decide的名词形式decision“决定”，your decision“你的决定”符合句意。故填decision。
55．句意：当你学会控制自己的愤怒时，你应该感到自豪。“学会控制愤怒”应感到“自豪”。pride是名词，其形容词形式proud“自豪的”作表语。故填proud。
56．survive 57．degrees 58．changeable 59．northern 60．determined 61．above 62．shoulders 63．successfully 64．risk 65．curiosity
【导语】本文介绍了攀登珠穆朗玛峰的艰难险阻，以及中国登山队在1960年成功登顶的壮举，并探讨了人类为何甘愿冒险攀登的原因。
56．句意：但那也只有当他们先从可怕的条件下生存下来才有可能。根据所给汉语提示可知，“生存”为survive；they是复数，一般现在时中谓语动词用原形。
57．句意：在山上，温度可能降至零下30度。根据所给汉语提示可知，“度”为degree，指温度单位；-30后接可数名词复数形式。
58．句意：登山者还必须应对稀薄的空气、高耸的悬崖和易变的天气。根据所给汉语提示可知，“易变的”为changeable，在句中作定语修饰名词weather。
59．句意：1960年以前，没有人能够从北侧登上珠穆朗玛峰。根据所给汉语提示可知，“北部的”为northern；the northern side意为“北侧”。
60．句意：但一支中国登山队决心攀登。根据所给汉语提示可知，“有决心的”为determined；be determined to do sth.是固定搭配，意为“决心做某事”。
61．句意：它位于海拔8600米的高度。根据所给汉语提示可知，“在……上面”为above；above sea level意为“海拔”。
62．句意：刘让他的队友踩在他的肩膀上。根据所给汉语提示可知，“肩膀”为shoulder；此处指队友轮流踩踏，应用复数形式。
63．句意：有些登山者成功登顶，但许多人失败了。根据所给汉语提示可知，“成功”为副词successfully，在句中修饰动词reach。
64．句意：为什么人们仍然冒着生命危险去攀登世界上最高的山？根据所给汉语提示可知，“使……冒风险”为risk；risk one’s life意为“冒着生命危险”，助动词do后接动词原形。
65．句意：这是因为人类的好奇心和雄心无法被阻止。根据所给汉语提示可知，“好奇心”为curiosity，与ambition并列作主语。
66．It’s in the north of Hunan Province. 67．To enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake. 68．We can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass. 69．Set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve./Do not allow factories to put waste water into the lake./Plant colourful flowers and green trees along the lake. (任答两点即可) 70．Yes, I do. I plan to protect the environment around it and not litter there. (开放性试题，回答合理即可)
【导语】本文介绍了湖南洞庭湖的概况及岳阳人民为保护洞庭湖所做的努力。
66．根据“Dongting Lake is in the north of Hunan Province”可知，洞庭湖位于湖南省北部。故填It’s in the north of Hunan Province.
67．根据“thousands of tourists…come to Yueyang in order to enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake”可知，游客来是为了欣赏洞庭湖周边的美景。故填To enjoy the beautiful sights around Dongting Lake.
68．根据“you can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass”可知，能看到飞鸟和麋鹿吃草。故填We can see birds flying and milu deer eating grass.
69．根据短文，岳阳人民的环保措施有：“Set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve.”; “Do not allow factories to put waste water into the lake.”和“Plant colourful flowers and green trees along the lake.”故填Set up East Dongting Lake Nature Reserve./Do not allow factories to put waste water into the lake./Plant colourful flowers and green trees along the lake.(任答两点即可)
70．开放性试题，回答合理即可。故填Yes, I do. I plan to protect the environment around it and not litter there.
71．例文
Dear Jack,
I think Mount Emei is the most beautiful natural wonder. It is in Sichuan Province, China. It has tall, green mountains and peaceful temples. The air is fresh, and people can see amazing views from the top. It is beautiful because of its green forests, clear streams, and lovely flowers. I like it because it is very quiet and relaxing. People can also see many cute monkeys and enjoy the lovely nature. What do you think is the most beautiful natural wonder I’m looking forward to your reply!
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇应用文，为电子邮件；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏“信息提示”中关于最美丽的自然奇观的介绍要点，适当添加细节，并突出写作重点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，表明写作意图。借用“I think Mount Emei is the most beautiful natural wonder.”来引出重点介绍的内容；
第二步，具体阐述写作内容。从“位置、风景以及喜欢的原因”几个方面重点介绍峨眉山的具体情况；
第三步，书写结语。表达“期待Jack的回复”的愿望。
[亮点词汇]
①peaceful 宁静的
②amazing 令人惊叹的
③because of由于
④lovely 可爱的
[高分句型]
①I think Mount Emei is the most beautiful natural wonder.（宾语从句）
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