2026年中考英语专题复习 第二部分 语法专项解读课件(共15份)

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2026年中考英语专题复习 第二部分 语法专项解读课件(共15份)

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(共37张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项五 介词和介词短语
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 表示时间的介词
词汇 用法 示例
at 通常用于具体时刻、年龄 前,也可用于固定搭配中 at 6:00在6点
at six在六岁
at noon在中午
on 主要用在星期几、具体的某 一天或特定的上午、下午、 晚上前,也可用于节日前 We have PE on Monday. 我们周一
有体育课。
My birthday is on June 10th. 我的
生日是6月10日。
词汇 用法 示例
in 主要用在世纪、年份、季 节、月份前及泛指的上午、 下午、晚上前 He was born in 2010. 他2010年出
生。
“in+一段时间”表示“在 (多久)之后”,常用在一般 将来时的句子中 The train will leave in 10 minutes.
火车10分钟后出发。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
after “after+时间点”表示“在…… 之后”,多与将来时连用 I will call you after 5:00 p.m. 下
午5点后我会给你打电话。
“after+一段时间”常用于一般 过去时的句子中 After two hours, he finished his
work. 两小时后,他完成了工作。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
for “for+一段时间”表示持续多 久,常和延续性动词连用, 常用于现在完成时的句子中 She has lived here for 5 years. 她
已经在这里住了5年。
since “since+时间点”表示“自从”, 常与现在完成时连用 I have known him since 2020. 我
从2020年就认识他了。
during 表示“在……期间” Don’t talk during the test. 考试期
间不要说话。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
until 用在肯定句中,意为“直 到……为止”,谓语动词为延 续性动词;用在否定句中构 成not … until …,意为“直 到……才……”,谓语动词为 非延续性动词 I practice my listening by listening
to the tape over and over again
until I can understand everything.我
通过一遍又一遍地听磁带来练习听
力,直到我能听懂所有的内容。
before 表示“在……之前”,其后常 接时间点 Please finish it before nine.请在9点
之前完成它。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
by 含有“不迟于;到……为止” 的意思。如果by之后是将来 的时间,则与将来的时态连 用;如果是过去的时间,常 与过去完成时连用 I’ll have it done by tomorrow. 我
将于明天之前让人做完这件事。
By 2023, he had visited 10
countries.到2023年,他已经去过10
个国家。
【小贴士】介词巧记口诀
in加上下午晚月季年,on加具体某一天;
at后面时间点,午夜黎明at填;
时间前若有修饰,统统把on放前面。#1.1.3
续表
命题点2 表示地点和方位的介词
1.in和on
词汇 含义及用法 示例
in 意为“在……里”,强调在 里面 My cat is in the box. 我的猫在盒子
里。
on 意为“在……上”,强调表 面有接触 Her dictionary is on the desk.她的词
典在书桌上。
2.between和among
词汇 含义及用法 示例
between 意为“在……之间”,强调在两者之 间,也可用来指三者或三者以上的 人或物的每两者之间 Sit between Lucy and
Lily. 坐在露西和莉莉之
间。
among 意为“在……之间”,用于三个或三 个以上的人或物之间 She shared the candy
among her friends. 她把糖
果分给了她的朋友们。
3.above,over,below和under #3
词汇 含义及用法 示例
above 意为“在……上方”,强调在物体的 上方,不与物体表面接触,不一定 在正上方 The plane is flying above
the clouds.飞机正在云层之
上飞行。
over 意为“在……上方”,强调在正上方 There is a bridge over the
river.河上有一座桥。
词汇 含义及用法 示例
below 意为“在……下方”,强调在物体的 下方,不一定是正下方 Write your name below the
line. 在这条线下方写你的
名字。
under 意为“在……下方”,强调在物体的 正下方 The cat is hiding under the
bed. 猫躲在床底下。
续表
4.across,through,past和over #4
词汇 含义及用法 示例
across 意为“穿过;越过”,强调从表面 穿过,从一边到另一边 Be careful when you walk
across the road.过马路的时候
要小心。
through 意为“穿过”,强调从内部穿过, 通常指穿过中空的东西、立体的 空间或东西 We walked through the
forest.我们穿过了森林。
词汇 含义及用法 示例
past 意为“经过”,强调从某一物体的 旁边经过 They drove past a big
supermarket. 他们开车经过了
一家大型超市。
over 意为“穿越”,表示从上方越过, 强调从一边到另一边 The bird flew over the lake.
鸟飞过湖面。
续表
5.in,on和to
词汇 含义及用法 示例
in 表示在某范围之内 Shanghai is in the east of China.
上海在中国的东部。
on 表示“接壤”,指与某一地区 的毗邻关系 Henan is on the south of Hebei.河
南在河北的南边。
to 表示不相邻,指在某一地区 之外的某方位 Japan is to the east of China. 日本
在中国的东边。
【小贴士】in和at后接地点时,in+大地点,at+小地点。如:
She arrived in Beijing yesterday. 她昨天抵达了北京。
The meeting will be held at the conference room on the 5th floor.
会议将在五楼的会议室举行。
6.in front of和in the front of
词汇 含义及用法 示例
in front of 意为“在……前 面”,强调在外 部 The children are playing in front of the
school gate. 孩子们正在校门前面玩耍。
in the front of 意为“在……前 面”,强调在内 部 The driver sits in the front of the bus.
司机坐在公共汽车的前面。
命题点3 表示方式、手段或工具的介词
词汇 用法 示例
by “by+交通工具” 表示“乘坐……” She travels to work by subway. 她乘地铁
去上班。
“by+doing”表示“通过 做” She keeps healthy by running every
morning. 她通过每天晨跑保持健康。
in “in+语言”表示 “用……语言” Let’s sing this song in English. 让我们用
英语唱这首歌吧。
“in+限定词+交通工 具”表示“乘坐……” We visited the museum in a bus. 我们坐
公共汽车去参观博物馆。
词汇 用法 示例
with “with+工具”表示 “用……” Tom opened the door with a key. 汤姆用
钥匙打开了门。
“with+身体部位” 表示“用……” Fewer people write with their left hands
than with their right. 用左手写字的人比用
右手(写字)的人少。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
on “on+设备(电话、电 视、收音机)”表示 “通过……” I watch cartoons on TV every weekend.
我每周末在电视上看动画片。
“on+限定词+交通工 具”表示“乘坐……” He goes to school on the school bus. 他
坐校车去上学。
续表
【小贴士】with常用来表示伴随,意为“带有,有”,反义词为without。
如:
The woman with glasses is my aunt. 戴眼镜的女人是我姑姑。
Fish can’t live without water. 鱼儿离不开水。#1.1.2
命题点4 其他常用介词
词汇 用法 示例
about 表示“关于”,常用于 know,hear,learn等动词 后 Tell me about your school life.
跟我说说你的学校生活。
表示“大约”,后面常接数词 There are about 30 students in
our class. 我们班大约有30名学
生。
like 表示“像……一样”,用于说 明相似关系 He runs like a professional
athlete. 他跑得像专业运动员一
样。
词汇 用法 示例
as 表示“作为…… (的身份)”,后跟表示职 业职务的名词 As a student, you should study
hard. 作为学生,你应该努力学
习。
except 表示“除……之外”,指从总 体中除去一部分,含有“减” 的意思 All my friends came except Lily.
除了莉莉,我所有的朋友都来
了。
besides 表示“除……之外 (还有)”,含有“加”的意 思 Besides English, I study French.
除了英语,我还学法语。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
for 表示目的时,意为“为了”; 表示对象时,意为“给, 对”;表示去向时,意为 “往,向”;表示原因时,意 为“因为” I exercise every day for health.
为了健康我每天锻炼。
This gift is for you. 这个礼
物是给你的。
against 表示“反对,违背;倚, 靠;碰,撞;逆着;…… 为背景” The bike is against the wall. 这
辆自行车靠着墙。
续表
词汇 用法 示例
from 常用于“from … to …”, 表示“从……到……” We have classes from 8:00 to
12:00. 我们从8点到12点上课。
续表
【小贴士】
(1)except相当于except for,意为“除……之外”,强调从总体中“除
去”一部分,用于不包括的人或事物前。
(2)注意不要把against误用作动词,它是介词,不能独立作谓语。#1.1.2
命题点5 介词短语及固定搭配
1.“动词+介词”构成的短语
stick to 坚持
look for 寻找
wait for 等待
do/deal with 处理
get to 到达
knock at 敲#1.6
prevent sb. from doing sth.
=stop sb. from doing sth.
=keep sb.from doing sth. 阻止某人做某事
hear of 听说
belong to 属于
learn about 了解
listen to … 听……
think about 考虑
look after 照看;照顾#1.13
2.“介词+名词”构成的短语
at night 在夜里
in this way 用这种方法
by the way 顺便问一下
at home在家
at the same time同时
on foot 步行
in that case既然那样#2.7
by mistake错误地
at birth 出生时
on time准时
in fact 事实上
in danger处于危险中
by bike骑自行车
at the age of … 在……岁时
on weekends在周末#2.15
3.介词与形容词的搭配
be worried about … 担忧……
be different from … 与……不同
be busy with … 忙于……
be angry with sb. 生某人的气
be kind/friendly to … 对……友好
be popular with sb. 受某人欢迎
be good for … 对……有好处
be interested in … 对……感兴趣
be full of … 充满……
4.其他
according to 根据
along with 随着
as for 至于,关于
because of 因为
instead of代替,而不是
out of control 失控
such as例如
with the help of sb.在某人的帮助下
语法分层过关
一、从框内6个选项中选出能填入句子空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项
为多余选项。
A.in B.at C.on D.with E.after F.until
1.(2025·四川成都中考)Xizang opened its first flight to Hong Kong
___ February 19th, 2025.
2.(2025·云南昆明三模)The 2025 FIFA Women’s World Cup match will
be held ___ 10:30 this Saturday morning, and we will watch it on TV.
C
B
A.in B.at C.on D.with E.after F.until
3.(2025·江苏苏州中考)Why not finish the task today instead of
waiting ___ tomorrow
4.What’s the girl’s idea about the break time ___ class
5.My teacher’s words in the last lesson filled my heart ___ warmth.
F
E
D
二、用适当的介词填空。
Connor, who studies at Moorhead High School, went fishing with
his family last August. That day, instead 1. ___ hooking a fish, the
15-year-old boy hooked a wallet 2. ____ Lake of the Woods. He was
even more surprised when he found it wasn’t empty. Some personal
things and 2,000 dollars were 3. ___ it. Both Connor and his parents
agreed 4. ___ try to find the owner and return the money.#1
of
on
in
to
Luckily, a business card was found 5. ____ the family. They called
the number 6. ____ it and finally knew who the wallet belonged to. The
owner turned out to be Jim, a farmer 7. ______ Iowa.
Jim was very thankful when Connor and his family got in touch 8.
______ him. He had never expected that he would see that wallet again.
He went to Moorhead and met the family. He even offered to give
Connor money, but the boy politely turned him down.#3
by
on
from
with
Connor said, “I did it not 9. ____ the money.” This touched Jim
even more. “I will regard Connor 10. ____ my grandson and try my best
to help him in the future,” Jim said.#4
for
as(共12张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项七 动词和动词短语
第3讲 动词的时态
1
核心语法解读
2
语法分层过关
核心语法解读
时态 构成 标志词
一般现在时 (1)主语+be动词(am/is/are) (2)主语+动词原形/动词的第 三人称单数形式 always, usually,
ever, never, often,
sometimes, every day
(week, month)等
一般过去时 (1)主语+be动词(was/were) (2)主语+动词的过去式 (3) used to do yesterday, last week,
just now, a week ago,
in 1998, when she was
14等
时态 构成 标志词
一般将来时 (1)主语+will/shall+动词原形 (shall通常用于第一人称) (2)主语+be(am/is/are) going to+动词原形 tomorrow,next week
(month, year),from
now on等
现在进行时 主语+be(am/is/are)+现在分词 now或具体的时间
续表
时态 构成 标志词
过去进行时 主语+was/were+现在分词+其他 then, at this/that time,
at 9 o’clock last night等
现在 完成时 主语+have/has+过去分词+其他 ever, never, already,
once, many times,
several times, before,
so far, yet, just等
续表
【例句】
She waters the flowers every morning.她每天早晨浇花。
They visited the museum last Sunday.他们上周日参观了博物馆。
We will have a picnic next weekend.我们下周末要去野餐。
Look at the clouds! It is going to rain.看那些云!要下雨了。
Listen! Someone is singing in the next room.听!有人在隔壁唱歌。
At 8∶00 p.m. yesterday, I was doing my homework.昨晚8点我正在
写作业。
I have already finished my project.我已经完成了我的项目。#1.1.7
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.The teacher _______(speak) slowly and carefully so that we can
understand her better.
2.“We hope more people around the world _________(pay) attention to
environmental problems,” said a British team member.
3.I was always busy with work and travel. I _____________(not think)
I would have time or energy to care for a pet.
4.Our science teacher told us that the sun ______(rise) in the east and
_____(set) in the west.
speaks
will pay
didn’t think
rises
sets
5.In 2021, Green School started such a program and since then it
_____________(achieve) a great success.
6.When it ____(get)dark at night, Father made a fire so that the
house had light.
has achieved
got
7.—Tommy, is there anybody in the classroom now
—No. All the students ___________(have) a PE lesson on the
playground.
are having
8.One day when he ____________(leave) his apartment, Mr. Black
saw that his rubbish was gone.
was leaving
9.In the future, robots ____________(become) more common in our
homes and schools, so we’ll need people who know how to fix them.
10.When all the lights go out, you can wait until the storm _____(go)
away.
will become
goes
11.—What ______ you _______(do) when I _______(call) you
yesterday evening
—Oh, I ____________(write) a report on my school subject.
were
doing
called
was writing
二、语法填空特训。
Some high-tech devices (设备)
Companion robots
Lio is designed by a robot company. With a free-moving machine
base, a flexible body and a smart “brain”, it can help the elderly get
up, walk and take part in training. It can chat with them, too. Now,
Lio and its friends 1. _____________(work) in many hospitals and
homes for the elderly.#3
are working
Training gloves
Some people feel it hard to control their fingers after having brain
damages. A pair of gloves may help them. They train their fingers by
massaging (按摩) each finger joint (关节) and driving these joints
to do simple moves. When people 2. ______(wear) the gloves, they
can see their fingers being raised, straightened and bent (弯曲) from
time to time. They can choose their training programs, too.#5
wear
Smart eyeglasses
It 3. ___(be) difficult for a completely blind man to see again.
However, helped by biotechnology (生物技术), he may “see” the
world as we do. The technology 4. _______(work) with an artificial
retina (视网膜) deep in the eyes and an eyeglass-shaped screen before
the eyes. The retina 5. _______receives(receive) the visual signals first,
and then the screen turns them into colorful images for the blind to
“see”.#7
is
works
works(共31张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项一 名词
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
4
中考专线1
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 名词词义辨析
常见考查(同类词性词义辨析):
(1)chance, lesson, present
(2)story, news, play
(3)trip, task, exam
(4)day, month, year
(5)safety, pollution, health#1.5
(6)shirt, bike, umbrella
(7)name, diary, score
(8)top, hole, corner
(9)forest, market, mountain
(10)skill, chance, task等。#1.10
命题点2 名词的数
普通名词根据其可数性可划分为两类。
可数名词:能用具体数字计数、有单数形式的名词。一般包括个体名
词与集体名词。
不可数名词:不能用具体数字计数的名词,一般只有单数形式。通常
包括物质名词与抽象名词。#1.2
核心:可数名词的单复数变化+不可数名词的量化
1.可数名词的数
单数形式:与a/an连用,如a book, an apple。
复数形式:
(1)规则变化#1.4.2.1
变化规则 示例
一般情况,加-s book→books
以s/x/sh/ch结尾,加-es box→boxes watch→watches
以辅音字母+y结尾,变y为i,加-es baby→babies city→cities
变化规则 示例
以元音字母+y结尾,直接加-s boy→boys
monkey→monkeys
以o结尾,有生命加-es,无生命加-s tomato→tomatoes(有生命)
photo→photos(无生命)
以f/fe结尾,变f/fe为v,加-es knife→knives leaf→leaves
续表
(2)不规则变化(需重点记忆)
2.不可数名词的量化
(1)量化方式
情况 方法 示例
具体的量 数词+表数量的名词+of+不可数名词 a piece of music
two pieces of advice
大概的量 表示量的限定词+不可数名词 some bread
a lot of time
(2)常见的用于修饰不可数名词的词
表示量的词 意义 示例
piece(s) 张/片 a piece of paper一张纸
glass(es)cup(s) 杯 three glasses of water三杯水
a cup of tea 一杯茶
bar(s) 块/条 a bar of chocolate一块巧克力
slice(s) 片 three slices of bread三片面包
【小贴士】(1)不可数名词的量化中量词的数要根据其前的修饰语
来确定。如:
a spoon of salt→two spoons of salt
(2)量化后的不可数名词作主语时,谓语动词的数取决于of前面的
名词的数。如:
There are three slices of bread on the table.
3.既可数又不可数名词
(1)有些名词既可作可数名词又可作不可数名词,但含义不同。
名词(复数) 可数含义 不可数含义
food(s) (某种)食物 食物
chicken(s) 小鸡 鸡肉
glass(es) 玻璃杯 玻璃
orange(s) 橙子 橙汁
paper(s) 报纸、文件、试卷 纸张
名词(复数) 可数含义 不可数含义
experience(s) 经历 经验
room(s) 房间 空间
time(s) 次数 时间
wood(s) 树林 木材
work(s) 作品 工作
exercise(s) 习题;练习 锻炼
续表
(2)名词的修饰语
修饰对象 主要修饰语 示例
可数名词 a/an, few,a few, many,a number of/numbers of a book 一本书
an apple 一个苹果
few/a few students几乎没有/
几个学生
many books 许多书
a number of girls 许多女孩
修饰对象 主要修饰语 示例
不可数名词 little,a little,a bit of, much,a large amount of little/a little time 几乎没有/
一点时间
a bit of trouble 一点儿麻烦
much homework 许多作业
续表
修饰对象 主要修饰语 示例
可数名词复数/ 不可数名词 some/any,a lot of/lots of, plenty of, all some suggestions/advice
一些建议
a lot of/lots of
experiences/experience许多
经历/经验
plenty of works/work
许多作品/工作
all the water/the waters
所有水/水域
续表
命题点3 名词所有格
1.-’s和-’所有格
(1)用于有生命的单数名词。如:
the cat’s tail猫的尾巴
(2)不以s结尾的复数名词。如:
the children’s toys孩子们的玩具
(3)表示共同拥有时,在最后一个名词后加-s’。如:
Alice and Bob’s house 爱丽丝和鲍勃的房子
(4)表示各自拥有时,在每个名词后加-’s。如:
Alice’s and Bob’s cars 爱丽丝的和鲍勃的汽车
(5)用于表示时间、距离、重量、价值、天体、国家等。如:
the moon’s surface 月球表面
(6)以s结尾的复数名词,加-’。如:
the students’ books 学生们的书
2.of所有格
一般用于表示无生命事物的所属关系。如:
the cover of the book 书的封面
3.双重所有格
(1)结合of和-’s所有格使用。如:
a friend of my brother’s 我哥哥的一个朋友
(2)表示部分概念,强调只是所属物的一部分。如:
a book of mine 我的一本书
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·上海松江二模)Do you still remember the __________(begin)
of the story
2.(2025·上海金山二模)We should face all kinds of ___________
(difficulty) we come across in our life bravely.
3.(2025·甘肃定西一模)The _______(art) who perform shadow
puppets (皮影戏) are called “masters of light”.
beginning
difficulties
artists
4.(2025·上海松江二模)The president answered every question that the
__________(report) raised.
5.(2025·江苏扬州一模)All the __________(invent) names were
written in bright red on the notice board.
reporters
inventors’
二、语法填空特训。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入括号内单词的适当形式。
Cooking is supposed to be the most basic living skill for humans.
However, there are many kids who are used to being fed and taken 1.
_____ (care) of everywhere, like “little emperors and little
princesses”. They can’t tell the 2. _______________ (different) between
food materials like Chinese chives (韭菜) and shallots (小葱).
In order to stress (强调) the 3. ____________ (important) of
hard-working spirit education among students, the Communist Party of
care
difference(s)
importance
China Central Committee recently released (发布) the guidelines. The
guidelines call for students to respect labor (劳动) work. Students
should learn basic life skills and develop good working 4. _______
(habit) through such education.
Students will be required to understand and master the basics of
home 5. ________(cook), from preparing vegetables to finally being
able to complete the whole process of home cooking independently. These
will be lifelong 6. ______(skill) for kids, helping them develop into
well-rounded individuals (个体), not just students who are able to
take exams.
habits
cooking
skills
As 7. __________(children) first teachers, parents should also
encourage children to learn how to do chores at home. Students should
master one or two life skills every year. These skills can include cooking,
washing their own 8. ________(cloth) and tidying their rooms.
It’s really important for students to take labor education both at
school and at home.#6
children’s
clothes
名词[贵州:短文填空,3年5考]
一、用括号内所给单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·云南中考)Nowadays, thousands of foreign ________(visit)
come to China on vacation.
2.(2025·四川广安中考改编)Don’t tell your personal information to
__________(stranger).
3.(2025·山东烟台中考改编)Depending on first aid ______(skill)
learned in school, Jiang took action at once.
visitors
strangers
skills
4.(2025·山东烟台中考改编)Although this was an important chance to
continue higher education, he said he had no regrets about his
_________ (decide).
decision
5.Today is March 8th. It’s __________(woman) Day.
6.Please type the _________(tour) names on the paper.
7.The ___________(popular)of the movie Ne Zha 2 has quickly spread
across the world.
Women’s
tourists’
popularity
8.A lot of ________(trade) from all over the world come to Yunnan
for coffee beans.
9.I think paper books won’t disappear in the future with the
_____________(develop) of e-products.
10.The art piece made of ______(glass) is a birthday gift from my
aunt.
traders
development
glass
二、语法填空特训。
(2025·贵州毕节一模改编)The Spring Festival has
many titles. It is one of the oldest 1. _________(festival)
in China. It’s also one of the 2. __________(country)
most important traditional festivals. And now it has a new
title—a UNESCO intangible cultural heritage.
festivals
country’s
Why does the Spring Festival have the influence of
reasons
cultural
spreading to the whole world There are two main 3. ________(reason).
First of all, it is known for its 4. _________(culture) values.
One of the special values of the Spring Festival is that everyone is
brought together by it. No matter where we work or study, all of us
will come back home to enjoy the New Year’s Eve dinner. At the same
time, it marks the 5. __________(begin) of a new year. Some people
will pray for good 6. _____ (lucky) in the coming year, while others
will make plans for their new goals. It’s a symbol of the Chinese 7.
_________(people) hopes for a better life. Another reason lies in the
efforts of overseas Chinese. The first time they left their hometowns,
they felt a strong sense of loss, so they would celebrate the Spring
beginning
luck
people’s
Festival in their own ways. Moreover, their 8. ____________
(celebration) have influenced many foreign friends around them, and
more and more 9. __________(foreign) have started to celebrate the
Spring Festival.
Intangible cultural heritage is important to our traditions and proves
the 10. _____________(develop) of our culture. China has 44 items on
the UNESCO ICH list. We must protect them well to keep our culture
alive.#4
celebrations
foreigners
development(共17张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项七 动词和动词短语
第4讲 动词的语态
1
核心语法解读
2
语法分层过关
核心语法解读
1.被动语态的用法
在被动语态中,主语是动作的承受者,主要用于以下几种情况:
(1)不知道动作的执行者是谁。如:
This watch was made in China.这块手表是中国制造的。
(2)没有必要指出动作的执行者是谁。如:
Many trees should be planted every year.每年都应该种很多树。
(3)需要强调或突出动作的承受者。如:
English is spoken in many countries.许多国家都说英语。
(4)动作的发出者是人以外的事物。如:
Many houses were washed away by the flood.许多房屋被洪水冲走了。
2.被动语态的结构
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。常见的三种时态
的被动语态结构如下:
(1)一般现在时: am/is/are+过去分词。如:
Many tea plants are grown on the hill.很多茶树生长在这座小山上。
(2)一般过去时:was/were+过去分词。如:
A bridge was built here last year.这儿去年建了一座桥。
(3)一般将来时:will/be going to be+过去分词。如:
The children will/are going to be looked after by her.这些孩子将由
她照看。
注意:如果谓语由动词短语构成,变被动语态时,不能把它们分开。如:
The baby is taken good care of by his father.这个婴儿被他父亲照顾
得很好。(take care of 是一个完整的动词短语,不能分开)
3.主动形式表示被动意义的情况
(1)open, sell, read, write, clean, cut, wash, burn,
teach, drive, shut等及物动词在用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时,它
们的主语为物,可用主动形式表示被动意义。如:
This kind of pencil writes well.这种铅笔写字很顺畅。
(2)look, taste, smell, sound, feel等系动词的主动形式表示被
动意义。如:
Your voice sounds sweet.你的声音听起来很甜。
(3)be worth doing结构中doing为主动形式表示被动意义。如:
The town is worth visiting.这个小镇值得去看一看。
(4)want, need, require等动词表示“需要”,后面常跟动词-ing形
式表示被动意义,相当于to be done,但句子主语必须为物。如:
The tree needs watering.=The tree needs to be watered.这棵树需要浇
水。
4.主动语态变被动语态的方法
主动语态: The boy (主语) kicks (谓语) the ball (宾语).
被动语态: The ball (原宾语) is kicked (be+过去分词) by the
boy (by+原主语).
第一步:将主动语态中的宾语变为被动语态中的主语。若宾语是人称
代词,需要用其主格形式。
第二步:将主动语态中的主语变为被动语态中的by短语(在被动语态
中作状语)。若主语是人称代词,需要用其宾格形式。
第三步:主动语态中的谓语动词变为被动形式(be+过去分词)。
注意:主动转被动之后,动词的人称和数与被动语态的主语保持主谓
一致,时态与原句时态保持一致。#4.6
5.常用于被动语态的短语和句型#5
短语/句型 示例
be made of … 由……制成 (能看出原材料) The table is made of wood.这张桌子是由
木头制成的。
be made from … 由……制成(看不出原材 料) Paper is made from trees.纸是由树木制成
的。
be used for doing sth. = be used to do sth. 被用来做某 事 Scissors are used for cutting/to cut paper.
剪刀是用来剪纸的。
短语/句型 示例
be located in … 位于…… The new library is located in the center
of our city.新图书馆位于我们城市的中心。
be known/regarded as … 被认为是…… She is known as a kind teacher. 她被认为
是一位和蔼的老师。
It is said/reported that … 据说/据报道…… It is reported that it will rain tomorrow.
据报道明天会下雨。
续表
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.The young man ____________(move) and showed thanks to Mr. Gao.
was moved
2.Lu Ban talked about his achievements and felt proud. His wife held
something unusual in her hand. It could ___________(open) into a
round shape.
be opened
3.When Ken, the founder of the competition, ________________
(interview), he talked about how he came up with the idea.
4.To get salt from salt wells, people put two pipes into the ground.
Water ________(send) down through one of the pipes.
was interviewed
is sent
5.Did you know that the Great Wall __________(build) by great
Chinese people many centuries ago
was built
6.—What are some of the rules in the English club
—English must ___________(speak) here.
be spoken
二、语法填空特训。
While I was going through the forest. I fell on the ground. Ouch!
That hurt. Then a voice said, “Are you all right?You 1. _______badly
______ (not hurt), are you?”
I looked up and saw a boy of my age. “No, I’m OK. Thanks.”
He helped me up.
“I haven’t seen you at school. Do you live near here?” I asked.
“No. I’m from Manchester,” with these words, the boy hurried
away.
aren’t
hurt
Back home, Mom 2. ______________(watch) the news.
“Hi, Grace. Have you 3. _______(hear) about this boy, Mark ”
she asked.
“No, what boy?”I said.
“A boy from Manchester. He’s run away from home. Look! This is
his dad.”
There was a man on TV sitting next to a policeman. He was crying.
Then they showed a photo of the missing boy. It was the boy in the
forest!
was watching
heard
“Should I tell Mom?No, I 4. ________________________(not say)
anything. I have to talk to Mark first,” I said to myself.
The next day, I found Mark in the forest. I said, “Your dad was
on TV last night. The police 5. ____________(look) for you.”
He looked shocked and asked, “Have you told them ”
“No,” I said. “I want 6. ________(talk) to you first. Why have
you run away?”
He said sadly,“I argued with my dad. My mom died four years
ago. Recently, my dad met a woman named Mel. Mel wants my dad
shouldn’t/should not say
are looking
to talk
for herself and isn’t interested in me. That night, Father 7. _____(tell)
me that we would all move to London because Mel’s from London. But
my grandpa and my friends 8. ____(be) in Manchester. I don’t want to
move there. We both got angry. So I left in the midnight.”
I felt sorry for Mark. But when I thought of his dad crying on TV,
I felt sorry for him, too. “What 9. _____ you ____(do)?”I asked.
“I don’t know,” he replied.
“Why not live with your grandpa in Manchester?Let your dad and
Mel 10. ______(move) to London and visit them in the holidays.”
Mark didn’t answer for a while, then he nodded and smiled. “Can
I use your phone?I need to call my dad.”#18
told
are
will
do
move(共42张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项八 句子种类、简单句和主谓一致
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
★六种基本句型#1
主语+谓语(不及物动词)(S+V) .
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语 (S+V+O) .
主语+系动词+表语(S+V+P) .
主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接 宾语(S+V+IO+DO) .
主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足 语(S+V+O+OC) .
There be+主语(+地点/时间状语) .
续表
命题点1 陈述句
肯定句 见“六种基本句型”
否定句 主语+be 动词 +not +其他.
主语+助动词+not+实义动词+其他.
主语+情态动词+not+实义动词+其他.
否定句 可以用no, never, hardly, seldom, few, little, nobody,
neither … nor …, none, nothing等词构成否定句
“too … to …”构成的句子本身具有否定含义
命题点2 疑问句
1.一般疑问句
一般疑问句表示询问事物或某种情况是否属实,需要对方给予肯定或
否定回答。一般疑问句通常是把be 动词、助动词、情态动词置于句首,
直接用 yes 或 no 来回答的问句。如:
—Are you the only kid in your family 你是家里的独生子女吗?
—Yes,I am./No,I am not.是的,我是。/不,我不是。
2.特殊疑问句
特殊疑问句是把疑问代词what,who,whom,which,whose和疑问副
词how,where,when,why 放在句首提问的句子,答语需要针对问句中
的疑问代词或疑问副词来回答,不能用yes或no来回答。
(1)疑问代词#2.1.1
疑问代词 用法 示例
what“什么” 询问事物或抽象 概念;询问职业 或身份 What’s the matter 怎么了?
What’s your father 你父亲是做什么
的?
疑问代词 用法 示例
who“谁” 对人进行提问 Who is singing in the room 谁在房
间里唱歌
which“哪一 个;哪一些” 询问范围中的哪 一个 Which is better exercise,swimming
or tennis 游泳和网球,哪种运动更
好?
whose“谁的” 询问所属关系 Whose watch is this 这是谁的手表?
续表
(2)疑问副词#2.1.2
疑问副词 用法 示例
how“怎么样” 询问方式、 健康、特征 How did you get the kite 你是怎么得到
这个风筝的?
How are you 你好吗?
How was the movie 这部电影怎么样?
where“在哪里” 询问地点 Where can I get off the bus 我可以在哪
里下车?
疑问副词 用法 示例
when“什么时候” 询问时间 When will you come back to Guizhou?
你什么时候会回到贵州?
why “为什么” 询问原因 Why do you like animals 你为什么喜欢动
物?
续表
(3)疑问词组#2.1.3
疑问词组 用法 示例
how long“多久” 询问时间 的长短或 物品的长 度 How long have you been living in
this country 你在这个国家居住多久
了?
How long is the bridge 这座桥有多
长?
how often“多久一次” 询问频率 How often do you brush your teeth
你多久刷一次牙?
疑问词组 用法 示例
how much“多少钱; 多少” 询问价格 或者不可 数名词的 数量 How much does it cost to become a
member 要成为会员得花多少钱?
How much water do you need 你需要
多少水?
how soon“多久以后” 常用in短 语作答 —How soon will the boy leave
Shanghai 这个男孩多久以后离开上
海?
—In one year.一年以后。
续表
疑问词组 用法 示例
what size“多大” 询问尺寸 或大小 What size bowl of noodles do you
want 你想要多大碗的面?
what color“什么颜色” 询问颜色 What color do you like best 你最喜
欢什么颜色?
what time “什么时 间” 询问时间 点 What time can you finish your
lesson 你什么时候能下课?
续表
3.选择疑问句
选择疑问句是说话者提供两种或两种以上的情况,要求对方选择一种
情况回答的问句。
(1)一般选择疑问句结构:一般疑问句+or+另一个选项 如:
—Do you like swimming or skating 你喜欢游泳还是滑冰
—I like swimming. 我喜欢游泳。
(2)特殊选择疑问句结构:特殊疑问句, A+or+B 如:
Which season do you like better,summer or winter 你更喜欢哪个季
节,夏天还是冬天
【小贴士】选择疑问句不用yes或no回答,可用完整的陈述句或其简
略形式作答,也可用不定代词all,either,neither或none作答,只需根据实
际情况回答即可。
命题点3 祈使句
1.肯定祈使句
(1)动词原形+其他.如:
Listen to the teacher carefully.认真听老师讲课。
(2)Let+第一、三人称的宾格/名词+动词原形+其他.如:
Be quiet!安静!
Let the students come in.让学生们进来。
(3)Be+形容词/名词.如:
Be a good student.做个好学生。
2.否定祈使句
(1)Don’t+动词原形/be+表语+其他.如:
Don’t be late for school again.不要再上学迟到了。
(2)Let+第一、三人称的宾格/名词+not+动词原形+其他.如:
Let John not go out alone. 不要让约翰单独出去。
(3)Never+动词原形+其他.如:
Never judge a person by his looks.不要以貌取人。
(4)No+名词/动名词.如:
No parking! 禁止停车!
No photos! 禁止拍照!
3.祈使句的应答语
回答祈使句时要用一般将来时。如:
—Please remember to take the dog out for a walk every day. 请记
住每天出去遛狗。
—Yes, I will. 好的,我会的。
【补充】祈使句还可以构成“祈使句+and/or+结果状语从句”结构。如:
Hurry up, or you’ll be late for class. 快点儿,不然你上课就要迟
到了。
命题点4 感叹句
1.what型感叹句
结构:What(+a/an)+形容词+名词(+主语+谓语)!如:
What a fine day(it is)!多好的天气啊!
2.how 型感叹句
结构:How+形容词/副词(+主语+谓语)!如:
How clever the boy is!多聪明的男孩啊!
How fast she drives!她开车真快啊!
3.特殊结构的感叹句
一些表示情绪的单词或词组,也可视为感叹句。如:
Wonderful!太好了!
Amazing!真了不起!
【小贴士】感叹句巧记口诀
感叹句并不难,what或how摆在前;
强调名词用what,其余用how很简单;
名词若是可数单,前带冠词a或an;
主语谓语放在后,省略也是很常见。
命题点5 There be句型(存现句)
1.结构
“There be+sb./sth.+地点状语/时间状语”表示“某处/某时有某人/某物”,
be动词必须与主语在人称和数上保持一致。如果主语是两个或两个以上的
并列成分,be动词就和离它最近的主语保持数的一致,即遵循“就近原则”。
如:
There is a bird and two cats in the tree.树上有一只鸟和两只猫。
2.不同句式
(1)否定句:be动词后加not,no或not any。如:
There isn’t any food in the fridge.冰箱里没有食物。
(2)一般疑问句:be动词提到句首,some变any,其他都不变。如:
Are there any model planes in the bookcase 书架上有飞机模型吗
3.There be句型的时态
一般现在时:There is/are+主语(+其他成分).
一般过去时:There was/were+主语(+其他成分).
一般将来时:There is/are going to be/will be+主语(+其他成分).
现在完成时:There have/has been+主语(+其他成分).
4.常用句型
There is no doubt that … 毫无疑问……
There is no need for sb.to do sth.某人没有必要做某事。
There be sb./sth. doing sth.某人/某物正在做某事。
There is no good/use (in) doing sth.做某事没有好处/用处。
There seems/happens/appears to be … 似乎/碰巧/有……
There is something wrong with … ……出了问题。
拓展知识:主谓一致
一、谓语动词是单数的情况
1.名词作主语
可数名词单数或不可数名词。如:
Math is very helpful in our daily lives.数学在我们的日常生活中非常
有用。
2.带有特定数量修饰词的名词
(1)分数/百分数+of+可数名词单数或不可数名词。如:
Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.地球表面的四分之三
是海洋。
(2)a+量词+of+可数名词复数或不可数名词。如:
A pair of new socks is on the bed. 床上有一双新袜子。
A bottle of water is on the desk. 书桌上有一瓶水。
(3)more than one/many a+可数名词单数,意为“不止一位/许多”。
如:
More than one student has ever been to Beijing. 不止一位学生去过
北京。
(4)the number of+复数名词,表示 “…… 的数量”。如:
The number of girls in my class is 20. 我的班里女生的数量是20人。
(5)表示时间、距离、数量、金钱和价值等单数意义的名词。如:
Ten dollars is too dear. 10美元太贵了。
3.不定代词作主语
(1)one/each/either/neither+of+可数名词复数。如:
Each of the students has a pen. 每个学生都有一支钢笔。
(2)由some, any, no, every构成的复合代词, either, neither,
each, another, the other 等不定代词。如:
Is everybody ready 都准备好了吗?
4.and连接的两个单数主语,表示同一人或概念时。如:
The poet and writer has come. 这位诗人兼作家来了。
二、谓语动词是复数的情况
1.“the +姓氏复数” 作主语,表示“一家人”。如:
The Browns are having dinner now. 布朗一家现在正在吃晚饭。
2.名词作主语
(1)可数名词复数。如:
These books are better than those ones. 这些书比那些书好。
(2)分数/百分数+of+可数名词复数。如:
It is said that 35 percent of the doctors in this hospital are women.
据说这个医院35%的医生是女性。
(3)表示复数的“量词”+of+可数名词复数。如:
Two pairs of shoes are under the bed. 床下有两双鞋。
(4)集合名词:people, police, cattle等。如:
The Chinese people are friendly and kind. 中国人友好且善良。
(5)a number of+可数名词复数,意为“许多……”。如:
A number of books are on sale. 大量的书正在出售。
(6)shoes, pants, glasses, trousers, shorts等用作复数的名词。
如:
My pants are green. 我的裤子是绿色的。
3.由and或both … and … 连接的并列成分作主语。如:
Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom. 布莱克夫妇有个
儿子叫汤姆。
三、谓语动词可单可复的情况
1.部分不定代词作主语
(1)不定代词 all,指代复数名词,谓语动词用复数。如:
All of the boys like playing basketball in my class. 我班里所有男生
都喜欢打篮球。
(2)指代不可数名词或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数。如:
All is going on very well. 一切都很顺利。
2.不定代词none
(1)指代复数名词或复数代词,谓语动词可以用单数或复数。如:
None of the books are/is mine. 这些书都不是我的。
None of them are/is a good driver. 他们中没有一个是好司机。
(2)指代不可数名词,谓语动词一般用单数。如:
None of the time was wasted. 时间一点儿也没浪费。
3.“neither/either of +可数名词复数”作主语,谓语动词用单数或复数
都可以。如:
Neither of us knows/know where he is going. 我们俩都不知道他要
去哪里。
4.“the+形容词” 作主语,表示一个人或抽象概念时,谓语动词用单
数;表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数。如:
The dead is a famous person.死者是一个名人。
The impossible seems to become possible through hard work. 通过努
力,不可能的事似乎也能变成可能。
The old are living a happy life in my hometown. 我家乡的老人们过
着幸福的生活。
5.单复数同形的名词作主语,表示单数意义时,谓语动词用单数;表
示复数意义时,谓语动词用复数。如:
Fish is delicious. 鱼肉很美味。
Fish live in the water. 鱼生活在水里。
6.常见集体名词有family, class, group, team, audience,
public, government, army等。
集体名词作主语表示整体概念,谓语动词用单数;表示具体成员,谓
语动词用复数。如:
My family is a big one.我家是个大家庭。
This class are reading English now. 这个班(的学生们)现在正在读
英语。
7.a group/couple of+可数名词复数作主语。如:
A group of children is in the classroom.(强调整体)
A group of children are in the classroom.(强调个体)
8.“就近一致”原则
(1)由连词or, either … or …, neither … nor …, not only …
but also …等连接的并列主语,如果一个是单数,一个是复数,则谓语动
词按“就近一致”原则,与最靠近它的主语一致。 如:
Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.孩子们
和老师对此事一无所知。
(2)在There be 句型中,谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 如:
There are two apples and one egg in the basket.在篮子里面有两个苹
果和一个鸡蛋。
(3)以here开头的句子,其谓语动词和靠近的主语一致。 如:
Here is a letter and some books for you.这儿有你的一封信和一些书。
9.“就远一致”原则
主语后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well
as, rather than, including等,谓语动词的单复数取决于主语的数。如:
The teacher together with his students was very happy. 老师和他的
学生们都很高兴。
语法分层过关
一、用be动词的适当形式填空。
1.It may not ____ the only way to solve the problem. There ____ other
choices.
be
are
2.—Tom, ____ there any students in the classroom now
—Yes, there ___ one boy and two girls in it.
are
is
3.There ________ information about different planets with a talk
tomorrow.
4.There ___________ something wrong with my car, but now he helped
me mend it.
5.There ________________ a class meeting for the students in Class One.
It’s about good habits.
will be
used to be
is going to be/is
6.(2025·吉林长春三模)After lots of practice, neither Susan nor I
____ afraid of giving a speech in public now.
7.(2025·吉林长春二模)There ______ few tall buildings in Changchun
when my grandparents were young.
8.(2025·云南昆明三模)Hanging the couplets ___ one of the traditional
customs during the Chinese New Year.
9.(2025·黑龙江佳木斯三模)Tom, together with his parents, ___
going to visit the zoo this weekend.
10.(2025·云南昆明二模)There ___ a bookcase, some desks and chairs
in my classroom.
am
were
is
is
is
二、方框选词特训。
A.or B.so C.and D.How E.What F.Walk
1.(2025·吉林长春二模) ___ interesting the storybook is!
2.(2025·黑龙江哈尔滨二模) ___ into the rock circle, and you can
feel the energy from your feet move up your body.
3.(2025·吉林中考)Plant more flowers, ___ we can make our city
more beautiful.
D
F
C
A.or B.so C.and D.How E.What F.Walk
4.(2025·天津中考)It’s raining outside. Take an umbrella, ___ you
will get wet.
5.The view from the top of Mount Lu is amazing, ___ it draws many
tourists every year.
A
B(共7张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项九 复合句
第1讲 并列复合句
1
核心语法解读
核心语法解读
1.并列连词 #1
词汇 含义及用法 示例
and “和”,表并列/顺 承 Right now it’s the summer vacation and I
help Dad on the farm. 眼下正是暑假期间,
我帮助爸爸在农场里干活。
but “但是”,表转折 I gave him a present yesterday, but he
didn’t like it.昨天我送给他一件礼物,但他
不喜欢它。
词汇 含义及用法 示例
while “然而”,表对比 转折 She is short, while her elder brother is
tall. 她个子矮,而她哥哥个子高。
or “或者”,表选择 Which is bigger, the sun or the moon 太
阳与月亮,哪一个更大?
“否则”, (祈使句+or+陈 述句) Get up quickly, or you’ll be late.赶紧起
床,否则你会迟到的。
续表
词汇 含义及用法 示例
so “所以”,表因果 He was too busy, so he could not come.
他太忙,所以不能来。
for “因为”,表原因 It’s morning, for the sun is rising in the
east.早晨到了,因为太阳正从东方升起。
续表
2.并列连词词组#2
词组 含义及用法 示例
both … and … “……和……都”,谓语 动词用复数 Both my father and my
mother are workers.我的父亲
和母亲都是工人。
not only … but also … “不但……而且……”, 就近原则(动词与最近 的主语一致) Not only the students but
also the teacher enjoys the
movie. 不仅学生们喜欢这部
电影,老师也很喜欢。
词组 含义及用法 示例
either … or … “或者……或者……”, 就近原则 Either you or he goes to the
park.或者你去公园,或者他
去。
neither … nor … “……和……都不”,就 近原则 Neither you nor Amy likes
watching TV.你与埃米都不喜
欢看电视。
as well as “也,还”,强调前者。 谓语动词的数与前面的 主语保持一致 She as well as her friends is
interested in music.她和她的
朋友们都对音乐感兴趣。
续表(共34张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项九 复合句
第2讲 主从复合句
1
核心语法解读
2
语法分层过关
核心语法解读
命题点1 宾语从句
宾语从句 构成规则及用法 示例
连接词 that 本身无意义,在从 句中可以省略 He said(that)he would
go to the seaside.他说他会
去海边。
宾语从句 构成规则及用法 示例
连接词 连接代词 (what/which/ who/whose/ whom等) 在从句中作一定的 成分,如作主语、 宾语、定语 I don’t know what they are
going to do.我不知道他们
打算做什么。
He asked me whose the
book was.他问我这是谁的
书。
连接副词 (when/where /why/how等) 在从句中作状语 Please tell me how you go
to school.请告诉我你怎么去
学校。
续表
宾语从句 构成规则及用法 示例
连接词 if/whether 意为“是否”,不作 句子成分,不能省 略,与or not直接 连用时只能用 whether He asked me whether or
not Miss Gao was a
teacher.他问我高小姐是否是
一位老师。
语序 一律使用陈述语序 Do you know where Tom
lives?你知道汤姆住在哪儿
吗?
续表
宾语从句 构成规则及用法 示例
时态 主句:一般现在时 从句:根据实际情况使用相应时 态 I hear Joe left/will leave
for Beijing
yesterday/tomorrow.我听说
乔昨天去北京了/明天要去
北京。
续表
宾语从句 构成规则及用法 示例
时态 主句:一般过去时 从句:使用过去的某种时态 Kate said she was going
shopping at this time
yesterday.凯特说她昨天这个
时候正在购物。
从句表示的是客观事实、真理、 自然现象等时,不管主句使用什 么时态,从句都用一般现在时 Miss Hu said that the earth
goes around the sun.胡老师
说地球绕着太阳转。
续表
注意:有些疑问词组作句子的主语,问句本身就是陈述语序,在变成
宾语从句时,语序无需变化。如:
Do you know what is happening over there 你知道那边发生了什么
吗?
Do you know what’s the matter with him?你知道他怎么了吗?
◆疑问词+动词不定式
此结构由两部分构成:疑问词和动词不定式。疑问词部分包括疑问代
词who,whom,what,which和whose以及疑问副词when,where和how。
如:
I am thinking about how to deal with the problem.我正在考虑怎样
处理这个问题。(作介词的宾语)
命题点2 连词和状语从句
1.引导词的选择
根据状语从句所表达的意思可以将其分为时间、原因、地点、目的、
条件、比较、让步方式及结果状语从句等。每一种状语从句往往都有一些
固定的引导词来引导。#1.1
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
时间 when/while/as 当……时 While I was doing my
homework, the telephone
rang.当我在做作业时,电话响
了。
after/before 在……之后/ 前 You must turn off the light
before you leave the room.你
离开房间之前必须关灯。
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
时间 as soon as 一…… 就…… I’ll call you as soon as I get
there.我一到那儿就给你打电
话。
until 直到……才 I didn’t go to bed until I
finished my homework last
night.我昨晚直到完成作业才睡
觉。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
原因 because/since/as 因为/既然/由 于 Since everyone is here, let’s
begin our meeting.既然大家都
在,让我们开始开会吧。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
地点 where/wherever 在哪儿/无论 在哪儿 Wherever he goes, he always
brings his pet dog.他无论去哪
儿都带着他的宠物狗。
目的 so that 以便 My father got up early so that
he would catch the first bus.为
了赶上第一班公共汽车,我爸
爸起得很早。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
条件 if/unless 如果/除非 You’ll get lost in the forest
unless you have a map.在森林
里除非你有一张地图,要不你
会迷路的。
比较 than/as 比…… (怎么样)/ 和……一样 Our school is bigger than
yours.我们学校比你们的学校
大。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
让步 although/though/ however/no matterhow/ whoever/ no matter who… 尽管/无论如 何/无论 谁…… Though the workers were very
tired,they all went on
working.尽管工人们很累,但
他们仍然继续工作。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
方式 as if/as though 好像 The man talked about that as
if he knew everything.这个人
谈论那件事,好像他什么都知
道。
续表
状语从 句 引导词 意义 示例
结果 so … that …/such … that …/so that 如此……以 至于/结果 (以至于) The film is so interesting that
we all like it.这部电影如此有
趣,以至于我们都喜欢它。
续表
2.状语从句与主句时态的使用原则
(1)在含时间状语从句或条件状语从句的复合句中,如果主句是一
般将来时,从句则用一般现在时来代替一般将来时。
主句为祈使句、一般将来时态时,以if,when,as soon as,after,
before,until等引导的状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如:
If I am free tomorrow, I’ll go with you.如果明天有空,我就和你
一起去。
(2)since引导的时间状语从句一般用一般过去时态,与其相对应的
主句则用现在完成时态。如:
It has been ten years since he left home.自从他离开家,已经过去十
年了。
(3)主句为过去时态,状语从句也应用过去时态的某一种形式。如:
Hardly had he arrived when she started complaining.他刚到她就开始
抱怨起来。
(4)while 引导的时间状语从句多用进行时态或主系表结构,而
when引导的时间状语从句可根据需要使用各种时态。
【小贴士】状语从句巧记口诀
状语从句最常见,或表时间或条件;
结果、目的及原因,让步、方式和地点;
比较从句亦常用,than,as来把状语连;
从句连词须熟记,时态选用是难点;
过去现在将来时,主从时态要一致;
同时发生用进行,相继发生用一般;
先发生过去完成,后发生过去一般;
时间、条件有特点,“现在”来把“将来”换。
命题点3 定语从句
定语从句是指在主从复合句中充当定语的一个句子。定语从句在复合
句中修饰名词、代词。初中阶段常见的定语从句多由关系代词that,
which, who引导。被定语从句修饰的词叫作先行词,定语从句一般放在
先行词之后。
1.定语从句中关系代词的选用
关系代词可在句中作主语、宾语或定语等。通常which指物,who指人
(作宾语时用whom),that既可指人也可指物,但在使用时有所区别。
在下列情况下,定语从句通常用that引导,而不用which引导:
(1)当先行词是much, little, none, the one等不定代词或由no-,
any-, every-构成的复合不定代词时。如:
Is there anything that I can do for you?有什么我可以为你做的吗?
(2)当先行词被all, every, no, any, one of, the only, the
very, the same等修饰时。如:
The only thing that I want to do is to have a rest.我唯一想做的事
就是休息一会儿。
(3)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。如:
He was the first person that passed the test.他是第一个通过考试的人。
(4)当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。如:
This is the best way that can solve the problem.这是能够解决这个问
题的最好方法。
(5)当先行词同时包含人和物时。如:
The film star and her film that you have just talked about are really
well-known.你刚刚谈到的那位影星和她的电影是非常著名的。
(6)当主句是who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,为避免重复,习惯
上多用that作引导词。如:
Which is the car that was made in Beijing 哪辆汽车是北京制造的?
2.确定定语从句中的人称、数和时态
定语从句中的人称、数应和先行词一致。其时态根据具体的情境和意
义而定,一般不受主句的限制。
【小贴士】定语从句用法口诀
主句型、从句型,两种句子要完整;
从句紧跟先行词,关系词引导要弄清;
定人要用who或whom,定物which当先用;
关系代词用that,定人定物有本领;
when用来定时间,where用来定地点;
关系代词作成分,唯作宾语可省略。
语法分层过关
一、方框选词特训(句子)。
A.if B.until C.while D.who E.which F.because
1.Kate wanted to turn the room into a study, ___ her husband preferred
a kitchen.
2.The man didn’t realize the importance of health ___ he got seriously
ill.#3
C
B
A.if B.until C.while D.who E.which F.because
3.You need to practice speaking every day ___ you hope to improve
your spoken English.
4.More and more children are interested in blind boxes ___they wonder
what is inside.
5.—Do you know the woman ___ wears a blue skirt
—Oh, she’s my aunt.#7
A
F
D
二、方框选词特训(短文)。
A#1
A.If B.When C.will D.that E.which F.why G.whatever
Everyone has a dream. What role does a dream play in our life
1. ___ I was young, my dream was to be a fireman. I thought it
would be cool to ride around. And putting out fire could make me feel
like a superman.#4
B
A.If B.When C.will D.that E.which F.why G.whatever
For years,I held on to this dream. But when I got older, I had
another dream 2. ___ I wanted to be a teacher like my father. He teaches
in a university. He has helped many students to achieve their dreams. I
really admire him. So that’s 3. ___I am a teacher now. I enjoy every
minute when I stay with students. I enjoy every moment that I see
students make progress. I never regret giving up my dream to be a
fireman.#5
D
F
A.If B.When C.will D.that E.which F.why G.whatever
Life doesn’t always give us the joys we want. Life may push our
dreams in another direction. It doesn’t matter 4. ___ our dreams are. 5.
___ we actively pursue (追求) them, we will move closer to our
dreams. If we stick to what we love doing, we can build ourselves
better, 6. ___ is the most important thing to us.#6
G
A
E
B#1
A.Which B.but C.will D.there E.When F.because
(2025·山东威海中考改编)About 2,500 years ago, there was a
big battle near the town of Marathon in Greece (希腊). Greece won
the battle and the Greek soldier (士兵) Pheidippides ran from
Marathon to Athens to tell their victory. This was about forty kilometers
long. 1. ___ he arrived in Athens, he shouted, “We have won!” and
then immediately died!#3
E
A.Which B.but C.will D.there E.When F.because
When the first modern Olympic Games started in Greece in 1896,
they celebrated the legend of Pheidippides with a race from Marathon
Bridge to the Olympic Stadium in Athens. They called this race a
marathon. Seventeen competitors took part, 2. ___ only eight finished
the race. In 1908, the Olympic Games were in London. The marathon
was 42.195 kilometers long, and a few years later, this became the
official length (官方长度).#4
B
A.Which B.but C.will D.there E.When F.because
There are thousands of marathons in different countries every year.
People run marathons 3. ___ they like taking part in competitions, or
simply because they love running. Once in Greenland, 4. ___ was a
marathon on ice. And an English man once walked a marathon
underwater in Loch Ness, Scotland. It took him twelve days!#5
F
D
A.Which B.but C.will D.there E.When F.because
According to the latest notice from the Weihai government, a
marathon 5. ___ be held on November 9th, 2025. This time, the event
will include a full marathon, a half marathon and a fun run. The
government plans to interest 20,000 runners in taking part in it.#6
C(共32张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项七 动词和动词短语
第5讲 非谓语动词
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
4
中考专线3
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 动词不定式
1.动词不定式的基本形式
to+动词原形(不定式符号to有时可以省略);其否定形式为:not to+
动词原形。
2.动词不定式的用法
(1)作宾语
某些动词后常用动词不定式作宾语。如:
I want to be a teacher.我想当一名老师。#6
【补充】常见的可接动词不定式作宾语的动词(短语)
agree 同意;afford 负担得起;decide 决定;expect期待;learn学习;
want/would like 想要;manage 设法;plan 计划;prefer更喜欢;prepare
准备;promise 承诺;offer 提供;hope/wish希望;refuse 拒绝#8
(2)作宾语补足语
①一些动词可用在“v.+sb.+to do sth.”结构中。如:
He asked the boys to help clean the rooms.他让这些男孩帮忙打扫
房间。
②一些动词后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语。如:
He makes us work for ten hours every day.他强迫我们每天工作10
个小时。#13
【补充】常见的可接动词不定式作宾补的动词(短语)
advise建议;allow 允许;ask要求;encourage鼓励;expect期待;order命
令;warn警告;teach教;tell 告诉;wish希望;want/would like想要
【小贴士】用不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的句子变成被动语态
时,需要还原to。如:
I saw him play basketball during the summer vacation.=He was seen
to play basketball during the summer vacation.我看到他在暑假期间打篮
球。#17
(3)作主语
常用it作形式主语,而将动词不定式放在句子后面。如:
It’s important for us to learn English well.学好英语对我们来说很重
要。
(4)作定语
动词不定式作定语应放在被修饰词之后(如果不及物动词构成动词不
定式作定语,不及物动词后面要加相应的介词)。如:
Guizhou is a good place to visit. 贵州是个旅游的好地方。
She is new here and has no friends to talk with.她是新来的,没有
可以交谈的朋友。#24
(5)作表语
动词不定式作表语常位于be动词后。如:
My task is to teach you English.我的任务就是教你们英语。
To see is to believe.眼见为实。
My duty is to clean the room.我的职责是打扫房间。
(6)作状语
动词不定式可以在句中作目的、结果、原因等状语。如:
He often goes to Beijing to see his uncle.他经常去北京看望他的叔
叔。
She was surprised to see her old friend. 见到老朋友,她很惊讶。#33
3.“疑问词+动词不定式”的用法
(1)作主语、宾语或表语。如:
When to go to Beijing hasn’t been decided yet.什么时候去北京还没
定下来。(作主语)
I haven’t decided yet when to leave.我还没决定什么时候离开。
(作宾语)
The question is what to do next. 问题是接下来该做什么。
(作表语)
(2)作宾语时可以转化为宾语从句。如:
She can’t decide where to go.
→She can’t decide where she should go.#41
4.动词不定式省略to的情况
(1)动词不定式作感官动词、使役动词的宾语补足语时,要省略to。
这类单词或短语可归纳为:
一感(feel),二听(listen to,hear),三让(let,make,have),
四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但当它们用于被动语态中时,to必
须保留(let没有被动语态)。如:
Tom’s mother makes him clean the window. 汤姆的妈妈让他擦窗
户。
They heard him sing a song in the hallway.(改为被动语态)→He
was heard to sing a song in the hallway by them.他们听见他在走廊上唱
了一首歌。#46
(2)当两个或多个作用相同的动词不定式并列时,后面的动词不定
式通常可以省略to。但是,如果两者有对比关系,则后面动词不定式的to
不可省略。如:
He told me to stay there and wait for him.他叫我待在那儿等他。
To try and fail is better than not to try at all.尝试后失败总比不尝
试好。
(3)help后的不定式带to或不带to均可。had better(not),why not,
would rather等结构后接省略to的动词不定式。如:
He often helps his parents (to) do housework in his spare time.他
经常在空闲时间帮父母做家务。
I would rather have Chinese food. 我更喜欢吃中国食物。#52
5.动词不定式的常见用法
(1)had better (not) do sth.最好(不要)做某事
(2)adj.+enough to do sth.足够……做某事
(3)too+adj.+to do sth.太……而不能做某事
(4)prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.宁愿做某事而不愿做另一件
事。#57
(5)It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+to do sth.做某事(对某人)来说
是……的。
(6)It’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了。
(7)It’s one’s turn to do sth. 轮到某人做某事。
(8)It takes/took sb. some time to do sth.做某事花费某人多长时
间。#61
命题点2 动名词(课标仅作理解要求)
1.动名词的用法
动名词由“动词原形+-ing”构成,与现在分词的构成相同。动名词有动
词的特征,既有自己的宾语和状语,又有名词的特征,可以在句子中充当
主语、表语、宾语和定语。
功能 用法 示例
作主语 谓语动词用单数形式 Swimming is good for health. 游泳有益
健康。
功能 用法 示例
作表语 多数情况下,动名词 作表语可以转换成作 主语 His job is driving a bus. =Driving a bus
is his job. 他的工作是开公共汽车。
作宾语 动词+宾语 I like reading books very much.我非常喜
欢读书。
介词+宾语 I have no experience in teaching English.
我没有教英语的经验。
续表
功能 用法 示例
作定语 表示它所修饰的词的 用途、所属关系等, 置于被修饰词之前 The reading room can hold 80 people.
这个阅览室能容纳80人。
续表
2.常见的后接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)
喜欢(enjoy) 继续(keep)
提议(suggest) 盼望(look forward to)
习惯(be used to) 完成(finish)
想要(feel like) 花费(spend)
练习(practice) 忍不住(can’t help)
介意(mind) 考虑(consider)
避免(avoid) 冒险(risk)
放弃(give up) 值得(be worth)
有困难(have difficulty in)
【小贴士】部分动词既可接动名词作宾语,又可接不定式作宾语或状
语,两者意义区别较大。如:
stop doing sth.停止做某事
stop to do sth.停下来去做另一件事
try doing sth.尝试做某事
try to do sth.设法或尽力去做某事
forget/remember doing sth.忘记/记得做过某事(已做)
forget/remember to do sth.忘记/记得去做某事(未做)
regret doing sth.后悔做过某事(已做)
regret to do sth.对要做的事感到遗憾(未做)
need doing sth.某事需要被做(被动含义)
need to do sth.需要去做某事(主动含义)
mean doing sth.意味着做某事
mean to do sth.打算或想做某事
go on doing sth.继续做同一件事(未完成)
go on to do sth.继续做另一件事(已经完成一件事)
命题点3 现在分词(课标仅作理解要求)
功能 示例
作定语 The man standing by the door is my English teacher.门边站
着的那个人是我的英语老师。
作宾补补 足语 I found the movie boring.我觉得这部电影很无聊。
作表语 The story about her sounds very interesting.她的故事听起来
很有趣。
作状语 She fell off the bike, hurting her left leg.她从自行车上掉
下来,摔伤了左腿。
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·甘肃兰州中考)Keep studying hard in the future because
_________(learn) is a lifelong journey.
2.(2025·甘肃白银中考)Students are asked _______(do) this task by
themselves.
3.(2025·黑龙江中考)Nowadays, more and more customers prefer
buying products ______(make) in China.
4.(2025·黑龙江中考)The students should focus on _________(listen)
to the teacher in class.
learning
to do
made
listening
5.(2025·四川德阳中考改编)The little girl stopped _______(cry) and
began to laugh when she saw the funny face.
6.(2025·江苏苏州中考)Before the Spring Festival, we spent weeks
__________(practice) the dragon dance.
7.(2025·江苏扬州中考)Many poets express their love for Yangzhou by
_________(praise) its beauty in their works.
8.I am glad to hear that lots of people take part in it __________
(protect) our environment.
9.People in a community often help neighbors _____________ (solve)
all kinds of problems.
crying
practicing
praising
to protect
(to) solve
二、翻译句子特训。
1.为躲避小猫,他跳了起来。
He jumped up ___ ______ the little cat.
to
avoid
2.他们从椅子上掉下来,伤到了自己。
They hurt themselves by _______ ____ chairs.
falling
off
3.李敏花了一个小时的时间才把作业写完。
It took Li Min an hour ___ _______ her homework.
to
finish
4.过度依赖AI会使我们缺乏创造力。
__________________ ____ AI too much makes us lacking in creativity.
Depending/Relying
on
5.在节日期间,人们习惯一起包粽子,学习屈原的故事。
During the festival, people are used to making zongzi and _________
_______ about Qu Yuan together.
learning
stories
动词[贵州:短文填空,3年9考]
语法填空特训。
A
Doing exercise is very important for a happy and healthy life. So
people all over the world have 1. _________(invent) many kinds of
exercise. Baduanjin, a kind of traditional Chinese sport, is just one of
them.
invented
Baduanjin is a set of independent exercises which has a history of
over 800 years. It was mainly 2. ______(use) as one kind of basic
exercise in the past. In modern time, it has changed a lot. Now it is 3.
________(divide) into 8 parts and easy to learn. People only need to
wear comfortable clothes and shoes before 4. _______(do) it.
It used to be popular with the old. However, recently more and
more young Chinese have 5. _______(fall) in love with it. They think
it’s perfect for them. After they spend hours 6. _______(sit), doing
baduanjin is a good way to help them 7. _____________(relax) and
used
divided
doing
fallen
sitting
(to) relax
sleep well. They believe there are many advantages by 8. __________
(practice) it at least once a day.
Nowadays, some young Chinese are making efforts 9. __________
(spread) the Chinese sport around the world to help foreigners 10.
_____________(know) how wonderful our Chinese culture is! We
should be proud of them!#6
practicing
to spread
(to) know
B
It’s hard to believe that after spending so much time on earth,
there 1. ____(be) still places we don’t know everything about. The
huge and cold continent of Antarctica is just one of them.
Antarctica is 2. ________(locate) in the southernmost point of the
earth. Its land is almost completely 3. ________(cover) by ice, so
there are many places unknown to us. And that is what Tom Jordan and
other scientists in the UK want to change.
are
located
covered
These scientists have arrived in Antarctica with a new drone
(无人机). They hope it can help them 4. ____________(learn) about
the continent’s most far-away areas, both above the ice and below it.
At the same time, they also want 5. ________(find) out more about
how the warmer weather is 6. ___________(influence) Antarctica so
that humans can plan for the future.
Over the years, researchers have often 7. ______(use) planes to
explore these areas, but Antarctica’s weather makes it dangerous. These
planes aren’t able to spend much time in the air, and must 8. ______
(to)learn
to find
influencing
used
carry
(carry) a lot of fuel. However, the new drone can do the work more
safely at a lower cost. And it is also friendlier to the environment.
What’s more, the 10-meter-long drone can draw the shape of the
land below the ice accurately, which can help scientists better
understand how the continent is 9. __________(change).
Now the drone is still being 10. _______(test) in Antarctica. But
it’s hoped that in the future, scientists can fly it over the cold continent
while still sitting in the UK!#7
changing
tested(共47张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项六 形容词和副词
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
4
中考专线2
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 形容词、副词的用法
1.形容词辨析
贵州中考近3年对形容词词义辨析的考查均为在语境中辨析,主要出
现在完形填空中。现将常考的同类形容词归纳如下:
(1)angry, tired和nervous
(2)strong, surprised和worried
(3)new, lucky和expensive
(4)hard, correct和normal
(5)alive,confident和famous
(6)honest, calm和kind
(7)quick, careful和friendly
2.形容词的句法功能
(1)作定语,一般位于所修饰的词前,用于描述、修饰或限定被修
饰的词。如:
My grandmother has a lovely white cat.我的奶奶有一只可爱的白猫。
(2)作表语,位于系动词后。如:
The story sounds interesting.这个故事听起来很有趣。
The students are excited about the trip.学生们对这次旅行很兴奋。
(3)作补语,说明宾语的性质、状态或特征。如:
We painted the wall blue. 我们把墙刷成了蓝色。
The teacher made the lesson easy to understand.老师让这节课变得容
易理解。
(4)作状语,主要表原因、结果或伴随。如:
Happy and relaxed, we played games in the park. 因为开心又放
松,我们在公园里玩游戏。(原因状语)
He finished his homework, tired but satisfied. 他完成了作业,虽
然累但很满足。(结果状语)
The dog ran around the yard, energetic and playful. 小狗在院子里
跑来跑去,活力十足又顽皮。(伴随状语)
3.形容词短语
(1)后跟sth.
be fond of 喜欢某物
be interested in 对某事感兴趣
be excited with 对某事感到兴奋
be thirsty/eager for 对某事渴望
be/get ready for 为某事做好准备
be sure about 对某事有把握
be serious about 对某事是认真的
be responsible for 对某事负责
be filled with/full of 充满……
(2)后跟to do sth.
be afraid/terrified 害怕去做某事
(3)后跟sb.
be angry with 生某人的气
(4)后跟sb.或sth.
be anxious/worried about 对某人或某事担忧
be mad at 对某人或某事生气
be annoyed at 对某人或某事恼怒
be bad for 对某人或某事有害
(5)与strict相关
be strict with sb. 对某人严厉
be strict in sth. 对某事严格
4.副词辨析
贵州中考近3年对副词词义辨析考查的方向主要有:-ly结尾的副词辨
析(3年2考);频度副词辨析;程度副词和其他副词辨析。
(1)副词的构成
构成 示例
与形容词同形 low, fast, late, early, much, deep, little,
hard, only, back, just, well, enough,
long, high
构成 示例
形容词后直接加-ly sad→sadly, polite→politely
辅音字母加y结尾的 形容词,变y为i再加 -ly happy→happily, angry→angrily,
unlucky→unluckily
辅音字母加le结尾的 形容词,去e加-y simple→simply, terrible→terribly, gentle→gently
少数以e结尾的形容 词,去e加-ly true→truly
续表
(2)频度副词辨析
◆频度副词的位置
①在be动词、情态动词及助动词之后。如:
She is always kind to us. 她总是对我们很好。
I will never forget this lesson.我将永远忘不了这一课。
I have never been to Beijing.我从未去过北京。
②在实义动词之前。如:
He often goes to school early.他常常很早就去上学。
◆常见的频度副词(组)归纳
频度副词 词义 频度副词 词义
twice 两次 sometimes 有时
daily 每天;每日 ever 曾经
always 总是,一直 not … any more/longer 不再
every day 每天 again andagain 反复地;再三地
频度副词 词义 频度副词 词义
every week 每周 at times 有时;偶尔
every month 每月 now and then 偶尔
weekly 每周; 每周一次 never 从未;决不
usually 通常 often 时常;常常
续表
5.程度副词和其他副词辨析
(1)程度副词(组):放在被修饰的形容词或副词前,情态动词或
助动词之后(enough修饰形容词或副词时须后置)
程度副词 词义 程度副词 词义
quite 相当;完全;十分 a little 一点;一些
rather 相当;颇;有点 a bit 少量
very 非常 enough 足够
much 非常;十分;很 almost 几乎;差不多
so 如此 such 如此
(2)时间副词(组):
时间副词 词义 时间副词 词义
now 现在 soon 很快
then 然后 once 曾经;以前
today 在今天 still 仍然
tomorrow 在明天 suddenly 突然
时间副词 词义 时间副词 词义
yesterday 在昨天 later 后来,随后
before 在……之前 already 已经
finally 最后 at first 首先
recently 最近 at last 最后
late 晚;迟 just now 刚才
immediately 立即;立刻 at once 立刻;马上
续表
(3)地点副词(组):一般放在句末
地点副词 词义 地点副词 词义
here 在这里 upstairs 在楼上
there 在那里 downstairs 在楼下
left 在左边 above 在上方
right 在右边 behind 在后面
north 向北 everywhere 到处
south 向南 anywhere 任何地方
east 向东 over there 在那里
west 向西 here and there 到处;处处
6.形容词和副词的混合辨析
◆常见的形容词及其相应的副词形式
形容词 词义 副词 词义
good 好的 well 好地
happy 开心的 happily 开心地
heavy 重的 heavily 沉重地
strong 强壮的 strongly 强有力地
easy 简单的 easily 简单地
形容词 词义 副词 词义
careful 仔细的 carefully 仔细地
quick 快的 quickly 快地
simple 简单的 simply 仅仅;只
此外,同学们在复习过程中还要注意特殊形式的形容词(如friendly,
lonely)和副词(如close,hard)。
(1)有些以-ly结尾的词是形容词而非副词。如:
lovely可爱的,lively活泼的,friendly友好的,lonely孤独的
(2)有些副词有两种形式,其中一种形式与形容词相同,另一种形
式是在形容词后加-ly,但意义有区别。
续表
形容词 词义 副词 词义
close adj./adv.靠近 closely adv.密切地
high adj./adv.高 highly adv.高度地
free adj./adv.免费 freely adv.自由地
late adj./adv.晚;迟 lately adv.近来
deep adj./adv.深 deeply adv.深刻地
near adj./adv.邻近 nearly adv.几乎;将近
hard adj./adv.努力 hardly adv.几乎不
most adj./adv.最 mostly adv.主要地
wide adj./adv.宽阔 widely adv.广泛地
命题点2 形容词、副词的比较等级
大多数形容词和副词有比较级和最高级的形式。比较级和最高级有规
则变化和不规则变化两种。
1.规则变化#1.1
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
一般单音节词末尾加-er,-est tall taller tallest
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
以不发音的字母e结尾的单音 节词和少数以-le结尾的双音 节词只加-r,-st nice nicer nicest
以一个辅音字母结尾的重读 闭音节单音节词,双写结尾 的辅音字母,再加-er,-est big bigger biggest
续表
构成法 原级 比较级 最高级
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的双音 节词,改y为i,再加-er,-est busy busier busiest
少数以-er,-ow结尾的双音节 词末尾加-er,-est clever/ narrow cleverer/ narrower cleverest/
narrowest
其他双音节词和多音节词, 在前面加more,most来构成 比较级和最高级 important /easily more important/ more easily most important/
most easily
续表
2.不规则变化
原级 比较级 最高级
good better best
well(健康的)
bad worse worst
ill(有病的)
old older/elder oldest/eldest
much/many more most
little less least
far farther/further farthest/furthest
3.形容词和副词比较等级的用法
(1)原级
①as+形容词或副词原级+as(否定句中常用not so/as … as)。如:
He is as tall as Tom.他和汤姆一样高。
②倍数+as+形容词或副词+as。如:
This bridge is three times as long as that one.这座桥的长度是那座
桥的三倍。
(2)比较级
①形容词或副词比较级+than。如:
China is larger than Italy.中国比意大利大。
②less+原级+than(此结构不用于单音节形容词)。如:
This book is less interesting than that one.这本书不如那本有趣。
③倍数+比较级+than。如:
This box is three times bigger than that one.这个箱子比那个大三倍。
④比较级+and+比较级,表示“越来越……”。如:
It’s getting hotter and hotter.天气越来越热。
⑤the+比较级…,the+比较级…,表示“越……,就越……”。如:
The more, the better.多多益善。
⑥the+比较级+of the two+名词复数,表示“两者中更……的一个”。
如:
My brother is the taller of the two boys.我哥哥是两个男孩中较高的
那一个。
【小贴士】比较级前一般可以用a little,a bit,a lot,much,even,
still,far,rather等词修饰。如:
After the rain, the air became even fresher.
雨后,空气变得更加清新。
(3)最高级
①当三者或三者以上的人或物进行比较时,用最高级形式。形容词的
最高级前必须加定冠词the,副词的最高级前可以不用,句末常跟“in/of短
语”来表示范围。如:
This picture is the best of all.这幅画是所有画中最好的。
②形容词的比较级结构可以表示最高级的含义。如:
He is taller than any other student in his class.他比他班里的其他学
生高。
③表示在三者或三者以上的人或物中进行选择时,用句型
“Which/Who is the+最高级,A,B or C ”表示。如:
Who is the tallest, Tom, Kate or Bill 汤姆、凯特和比尔谁最高?
④表示“……是最……之一”时,用“one of+the+最高级+名词复数”。
如:
He is one of the best players.他是最好的运动员之一。
⑤用“the+序数词+最高级+名词”表示“第几最……”。如:
She is the second tallest girl in our class.她是我们班第二高的女生。
【小贴士】形容词的最高级前要加the,但当形容词最高级前有物主代
词、指示代词、名词所有格等修饰时,其前不加the;副词最高级前的the
可以省略。如:
China’s longest river is the Yangtze River. 中国最长的河流是长江。
He runs fastest in his school.
他是学校跑得最快的人。
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·甘肃白银中考改编)City life is full of opportunities. Country
life, however, is ________(quiet) and more peaceful.
2.(2025·黑龙江中考改编)Music is part of my life. In my opinion,
life without music would be empty and ____________(meaning).
3.(2025·天津中考改编)Sally can cook so well that she _________
(certain) will not get hungry at home.
4.(2025·福建中考改编)Harbin held the 9th Asian Winter Games
____________(successful) in February, 2025.
quieter
meaningless
certainly
successfully
5.His parents are very _______(pride) of his progress.
6.Keeping others waiting is _________(polite).
7.Frogs are an ______________(environment) warning system.
8.The little weed wasn’t _________(satisfy), because its flowers were
tiny and simple.
9.When we taste the bitterness _________(care), we will be surprised
to discover some sweetness in it.
proud
impolite
environmental
satisfied
carefully
10.“You’re so kind!” The birds ate up the seeds in the pods
___________(thank).
11.It’s such an important meeting that everyone is advised to dress
_________(proper).
12.We need to understand ourselves better so that we can make decisions
_______(wise).
thankfully
properly
wisely
二、完形填空特训。
(2025·四川资阳中考改编)Making plans helps us do things better,
like finishing homework or reaching goals.#1
First, make a plan that fits you. For example, if you have . .1. .
homework, don’t try to finish it all in 5 minutes. Give yourself enough
time so you won’t feel . .2. .. Next, try to follow your plan even when
it’s not easy, or very . .3. ..#2
( )1.A.many B.much C.few
B
( )2.A.stressed B.comfortable C.excited
A
( )3.A.real B.secret C.hard
C
If you decide to study for 15 minutes every day, keep doing it! Small
steps help you improve little by little. . .4. ., be flexible (灵活的) with
your plans. If you find that a plan is not working, you can make some
changes. Maybe you plan to ride your bike after school, but it rains.#2
( )4.A.Finally B.Suddenly C.Usually
A
That’s okay! Just change your plan—you can play a game indoors instead.
If one road is closed, find a . .5. . way. Always try your best, be
brave, and never be . .6. . to make changes when needed!
Remember, a good plan is like a map, which gives good
directions to your goals. Let’s make and follow plans wisely.#3
( )5.A.crazy B.wrong C.different
C
( )6.A.stupid B.tired C.afraid
C
形容词和副词[贵州:短文填空,3年6考]
一、方框选词特训。
A.sure B.clear C.complete D.finally E.smaller F.possible
G.successfully
Follow these steps to develop your own personal learning plan and
work to achieve your goals.#2
A.sure B.clear C.complete D.finally E.smaller F.possible
G.successfully
●Find a learning goal
Before creating a personal learning plan, you need to find your
goal. Your goal should be 1. ___ and challenging enough. It should also
be important enough that you’ll focus on it over other things. Be 2. ___
to have a clear finish line in mind for your goals.#4
F
A
A.sure B.clear C.complete D.finally E.smaller F.possible
G.successfully
●Break your goal into 3. ___ goals
To reach your overall learning goal more easily, break it down into
smaller goals. Think of these smaller goals as the steps you need to take
to achieve your final goal. By breaking your goal into smaller goals,
it’ll be 4. ___ what you need to learn and how to get there.#6
E
B
A.sure B.clear C.complete D.finally E.smaller F.possible
G.successfully
●Develop your plan
After finding your overall goal and smaller goals, it’s time to use
this information to develop a 5. ___ plan. Organize your plan in an order,
listing each of your learning goals, the actions you need to take to
reach them, and the date by which you would like to complete each
action.#8
C
A.sure B.clear C.complete D.finally E.smaller F.possible
G.successfully
●Be responsible for yourself
After you’ve 6. ___created a personal learning plan, your work has
only just begun. It’s important to follow the learning activities you’ve
planned. In a word, learning new skills can take time, but you have
to put in the necessary time to meet your goals. Try to focus on your
learning at regular time each week.#10
G
二、语法填空特训。
While Jacob was fishing with Danny by the lake, they saw a few
great northern loons (潜鸟) stay together far away. One of the loons,
in a low voice, swam away from the group towards them. The loon
was so close that they could see its red eyes. 1. __________(strange),
the bird’s wings were 2. _______(close) held against its black-and-
white body. “Look at its beak (喙)!” said Danny. “How hard the beak
looks!”Just then, it gave out a 3. ______(craze) sound. “It’s trying to
get our attention.” 4. _______(close), the two boys both saw the thin
Strangely
closely
crazy
Closer
wire (金属丝) around its neck. And there was a red hook (钩子)
in its body. So the loon couldn’t fly or fish. It was asking them for
help!Danny ran and got the scissors from the box.“OK, I’ll pick it up.
Then you cut away the line.” With these words, Jacob took a 5. ______
(deeply) breath to calm himself. His hands were shaking, but he
picked up the loon 6. ______(soft). He took the loon under its wings,
and held it at arm’s length, afraid that it might stick him with its beak.
But the loon was 7. ______(silence) and still. With the scissors,
Danny cut away the wire around the loon’s neck. Then he pulled hard
deep
softly
silent
on the fishing hook. The bird was moving in Jacob’s hands, as if it
was trying to pull itself out. Slowly and 8. _________(careful),
Danny set the loon free. As Jacob set the loon down on the water, it
showed its wings 9. ________(happy). It seemed to be saying,
“Thank you, boys. You saved my life and I won’t forget you.”“How
did we do it ” Danny shouted,“I can’t believe it! I’m still shaking.”
“I’m proud of both of us. We kept that loon 10. ______(live),”
Jacob smiled.#1
carefully
happily
alive(共13张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项十 构词法
1
语法知识导图
2
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.If you are __________(interest) in Huangmei opera, come and join
our club.
2.The old doctor has a good ______________(understand) of health.
3.(2025·上海虹口三模)The two groups finally reached an ___________
(agree) after long discussions.
4.The act of _________(kind) from the stranger warmed my heart on
the cold winter day.
interested
understanding
agreement
kindness
5.Tom got lost in the forest. ________(luck), he found the right way
to get out at last.
6.Tom is training hard in the swimming pool. He really wants to be a
great __________(swim).
7.Nothing is ___________(possible) if you put your heart in it.
Luckily
swimmer
impossible
二、语法填空特训。
A
Charles Dickens was born in London in 1812. His family was rather
poor. Two days after his 13th birthday, Dickens started 1.
_________________(work) in a factory. In his life, he changed
several jobs and met all kinds of people. Many of his novels were based
on 2. ____(he) past experiences. Dickens started writing novels in his
early thirties and became 3. __________(success) almost immediately.
Oliver Twist, his 4. ________(two) novel, came out in 1838 and
working/to work
his
successful
second
was very successful. It told a story of a young orphan (孤儿) in the
5. ___________(danger) streets of London. The story has a happy
ending—the young boy finds his real parents and a loving home. Because
of this novel, great attention was 6. ______(pay) to poor children.
Over the next 25 years, Dickens wrote many other popular novels
which are still 7. ______(read) today. His books are liked by both the
American and the British.#2
dangerous
paid
read
B
As we all know, 1. ____________(earthquake) usually come
without warning. When it happens, it is very dangerous. So you need
to know something you can do to protect 2. _________(you). If you
are inside when the earthquake starts, get under a table or a bed. You
need to have something strong around you and keep away from falling 3.
________(object). Don’t stand near walls or windows and stay out of
the kitchen. Remember not to get into a lift during an earthquake.
earthquakes
yourself
objects
If you are 4. ________(side), get to an open area as soon as
possible. When the earthquake is over, you also need to keep an eye
out for things 5. ________(round) you. And call your family or a
friend at once if you have a phone. Too many calls will bring down the
phone system. It is important for you to stay calm when an earthquake
happens. It can offer you chances of 6. _________(survive), though
it’s not easy to do so.#3
outside
around
survival(共18张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项七 动词和动词短语
第2讲 情态动词
1
核心语法解读
2
语法分层过关
核心语法解读
1.情态动词的基本用法#1
情态动词 用法 示例
can 表示能力,意为“能, 会” Sam can speak English well.萨姆英
语讲得很好。
表示请求、允许,意为 “可以” Can I borrow your bike
我能借你的自行车用一下吗?
情态动词 用法 示例
could can的过去式,意为“能, 会”, 表示过去的能力 Li Hua could play the piano well
when he was young.
李华小时候钢琴就弹得非常好。
在疑问句中表示委婉的 请求 Could I have a cup of tea 我可以
要一杯茶吗?
must 表示主观看法,意为“必 须,应该” You must finish your home-work
first! 你必须先完成你的家庭作业!
续表
情态动词 用法 示例
have to 意为“不得不”, 表示客 观原因 The children have to get up early
to catch the first bus.为了赶第一班
公共汽车,孩子们不得不早起。
shall 常用于主语是第一人称 的疑问句中,表示请求 Shall I turn on the light 我可以开
灯吗?
should 意为“应该”,表示要求 和命令,也可以表示劝 告或建议 We should keep the air fresh.我们
应该保持空气清新。
ought to You ought to teach them carefully.
你应该细心地教导他们。
续表
情态动词 用法 示例
may 表示请求、许可,意为 “可以” You may sit here if you want.如果
你想的话,你可以坐在这里。
表示祝福或愿望 May you be happy!祝您幸福!
might may的过去式 He asked if he might go home.他问
了他是否可以回家。
表示请求、许可,语气 比may更委婉 Might I smoke here 我可以在这里
吸烟吗?
need 表示需要、必须,主要 用于否定句和疑问句中 You needn’t say sorry to him. 你不
需要跟他说对不起。
续表
【小贴士】由must引出的一般疑问句,肯定回答常用must,否定回答
常用needn’t 或don’t/doesn’t have to,不能用mustn’t回答;mustn’t意为“严
禁;禁止”。如:
—Must I go with them 我必须和他们一起去吗?
—Yes, you must/have to./No, you needn’t/don’t have to.是的,你
必须。/不,你不必。#1.1.1.2
2.情态动词的否定用法#2
情态动词 用法 示例
can’t 意为“不会,不能” I can’t give you an answer now.
我现在不能回答你。
mustn’t 意为“不准,不允许”, 表示强制命令,禁止 You mustn’t play football on the
road.你不准在马路上踢足球。
情态动词 用法 示例
needn’t 意为“不需要”,常用于 must提问的否定回答 —Must I pay for the book in
advance 我必须提前为这本书付钱
吗?
—No, you needn’t.不,你不需
要。
shouldn’t 意为“不应该” We shouldn’t waste water. 我们不
应该浪费水。
续表
情态动词 用法 示例
had better not 意为“最好不要” You had better not smoke,
because it’s bad for your health.
你最好不要吸烟,因为它对你的
健康有害。
续表
3.情态动词表推测#3
情态动词 意义 用法
must 一定,肯定(很大的可能性) 用于肯定句,表示非
常有把握的肯定推测
may 有可能,也许(中等可能性) 用于肯定句,表示比
might/could更确定
might/ could 有可能,也许(但更不确定/委婉) 表示推测,比may弱
【例句】
They must be very tired after a long walk.走了这么长的路,他们一
定很累了。
The French book could be Alice’s. She studies French.这本法语书很
可能是艾丽斯的。她学法语。
Your younger sister may be waiting for you now.你妹妹也许现在正
在等你呢。
She might have gone to the library. She likes reading books in the
afternoon. 她或许已经去图书馆了。她喜欢在下午看书。#3.1.1.4
【补充】can常用于否定句或疑问句中表示惊异、怀疑、不相信等。
如:
Can it be true?那可能是真的吗?
4.常见情态动词的辨析
(1)can/could与be able to 的区别#4.1
情态动词 用法 示例
can/could 只用于一般现在时(can)和 一般过去时(could) Jim couldn’t speak Chinese last
year, but now he can.吉姆去
年不会说汉语,但是现在会
了。
be able to 可用于多种时态 We will be able to come back
next week.我们下周能回来。
(2)could, should, would, might 等情态动词的过去式有时候不
表示过去,而是表示更委婉、更客气的语气。如:
Would you tell me the way to the park 你能告诉我去公园的路吗?
(3)must与have to的区别
情态动 词 用法 示例
must 表示主观意愿,意为“必 须” We must study hard at school.在学
校我们必须努力学习。
have to 表示强调客观需要,意为 “必须,不得不” We will have to ask Zhang Hong.
我们不得不问张红。
(4)can’t 与mustn’t的区别
情态动词 用法 示例
can’t 表示否定推测 He can’t be Jim.他不可能是吉姆。
mustn’t 表示“禁止,不允许”, 不能用来表示推测 You mustn’t smoke in the high-speed
train.你不能在高铁上吸烟。
语法分层过关
方框选词特训。
A.can B.can’t C.Could D.may E.needn’t F.shouldn’t G.Must
1.(2025·北京中考)—Mom, ___ I go to the cinema with my
classmates this Sunday afternoon
—Yes, of course you can.
A
2.(2025·甘肃中考) ___ you turn down the TV, please I’m trying to
work.
C
A.can B.can’t C.Could D.may E.needn’t F.shouldn’t G.Must
3.(2025·四川遂宁中考)—I have no time to buy things in the
supermarket.
—Don’t worry. You can shop online instead. That way, you ___ waste
a lot of time going from shop to shop.
E
4.Bring a map because you ___ want to travel around.
5.You ___ eat too much junk food, or you might feel sick or unhealthy.
D
F
6.—Someone is cleaning the classroom. Is it Betty
—It ___ be Betty. She has left school.
B(共35张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项七 动词和动词短语
第1讲 动词和动词短语
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 动词
1.动词的分类
根据动词的句法功能可将动词分为实义动词、系动词、助动词和情态
动词。
(1)实义动词
实义动词具有完全的词义,能独立用作谓语,分为及物动词和不及物
动词。
①及物动词本身意义不完整,需要接宾语才能使其意思表达完整。如:
The children planted flowers in the garden. 孩子们在花园里种了花。
②不及物动词本身意义完整,后面不需要跟宾语。如:
Birds fly south in winter. 鸟儿冬天往南飞。
The conference will begin at nine o’clock. 会议将在九点开始。
(2)系动词
把主语和表语连接起来的动词叫系动词。系动词本身有词义,但不能
单独充当谓语,必须后跟表语形成“系表”结构,说明主语的状况、性质和
特征等。
①常见的表示变化或结果的系动词有become,go,fall,get,grow,
prove,make,turn等。如:
He became very rich and successful.他变得非常富有且成功。
②be动词常用来表示主语的状态、性质或身份;continue,keep,
remain,rest,stand,stay等常用来表示持续保持一种状态。如:
The three men remained silent.这三个人保持沉默。
③常用来表示感觉或知觉的系动词有feel,taste,smell,sound,look
等。如:
The soup smells delicious. 汤闻起来很香。
④常用来表示“看起来”的系动词有seem,appear等。如:
He appears tired after the PE class.体育课后他看起来很累。
(3)助动词
助动词本身无意义,不能独立作谓语,只能和它后面的动词一起构成
谓语,用来帮助构成句子的时态、语态、否定句、疑问句和简略回答等。
①be的用法
用法 示例
有人称、数和时 态 的变化 “be+现在分词”构 成进行时态 Mr. Wang is watching TV now.现
在王先生正在看电视。
“be+过去分词”构 成被动语态 The work was finished yesterday.
昨天工作被做完了。
②do的用法
助动词do可以用来构成否定句和疑问句,也可以用在动词原形前加强
语气,还可以代替前面出现的动词来避免重复。
形式 原形 第三人称单数形式 过去式
肯定形式 do does did
否定形式 don’t/do not doesn’t/does not didn’t/ did not
【例句】
Does your sister play the piano 你妹妹会弹钢琴吗?
They don’t understand this math problem. 他们不理解这道数学题。
Lily draws better than I do.莉莉画画比我好。
③have的用法
助动词have在句中有人称、数和时态的变化,主要是与动词的过去分
词一起构成完成时态。
形式 原形 第三人称单数形式 过去式
肯定形式 have has had
否定形式 haven’t/have not hasn’t/has not hadn’t/ had not
【例句】
Have you visited the Palace Museum 你去过故宫博物院吗?
The train had left when we arrived at the station.我们到达车站时,
火车已经开走了。
④will/would,shall/should的用法
用法 示例
will/shall构成一般 将来时 We shall visit the science museum next Monday. 我
们下周一将参观科学博物馆。
would/should构成 过去将来时 I wondered what would happen.
我想知道会发生什么事。
(4)情态动词(详见第2讲 情态动词)
2.动词的基本形式
英语中的动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、第三人称单数、过去式、
过去分词和现在分词。
(1)动词的第三人称单数形式
规则 示例
一般情况下,在词尾直接加-s work—works工作
以o,s,x,ch,sh结尾的动词,在词尾加-es go—goes去
wash—washes洗
以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词,变y为i,再加-es marry—marries结婚
【小贴士】be的第三人称单数形式是is;have 的第三人称单数形式是
has。
(2)动词的过去式和过去分词(规则变化)
规则 示例
一般情况下,在词尾加-ed play—played—played 玩
want—wanted—wanted 想要
动词以不发音的字母e结尾时,直接加-d love—loved—loved 爱
move—moved—moved 移动
动词以“辅音字母+y”结尾时,先变y为i, 再加-ed carry—carried—carried 搬
worry—worried—worried 担

动词以重读闭音节结尾,且词尾只有一个 辅音字母时,双写词尾的辅音字母后加-ed stop—stopped—stopped 停止
chat—chatted—chatted 聊天
(3)动词的现在分词#2.1.3
规则 示例
一般情况下,直接在词尾加-ing ask—asking 问
go—going 去
以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去掉e再加- ing take—taking 拿走
write—writing 写
以重读闭音节结尾,词尾只有一个辅音字 母的动词,先双写词尾的辅音字母,再加- ing sit—sitting 坐
run—running 跑
put—putting 放
get—getting 得到
规则 示例
少数以-ie结尾的动词,先变-ie为y,再加-ing tie—tying系
lie—lying躺
以-ee等结尾的动词,直接在词尾加-ing see—seeing看见
agree—agreeing同

【小贴士】现在分词的构成
它的构成很好记,动词后加-ing。
词尾若有哑音e,去e再加-ing。
一辅重读闭音节,最后字母要双写。
还有一点要注意,改-ie为y再加-ing。#2.1.3.3.4
续表
命题点2 动词短语
1.动词+介词
这类动词短语所带的宾语只能放在介词之后。
常见的“动词+介词”类短语有:
arrive in/at 到达
agree with 同意;赞成
ask for 请求
get to 到达
knock at/on 敲(门、窗)
laugh at 嘲笑#9
believe in 相信
care for 关心
look after 照料;照顾
look like 看起来像
deal with 处理
pay for 付费;付出代价
quarrel with sb. 和某人吵架
think about 考虑;思索
think of 想起#18
2.动词+副词
这类动词短语所带的宾语若是名词,放在副词的前后均可,如果是代
词,则要放在副词之前。如:
Please turn down the music a little.请把音乐关小一点。
The music is too noisy. Could you please turn it down a little 音乐
太吵了。请把它关小一点好吗?
常见的“动词+副词”类短语有:
clean up 打扫(或清除)干净
come down 崩塌;落下#25
come along 到达;抵达;出现;跟着来;跟随
come in 进来
come on 快点;加油
come over 过来;顺便来访
come out 出来;出现;(花)开;发(芽)
cut down 砍倒
drop off 下降;入睡
eat up 吃光;吃完
find out 查明;弄清#34
get back 回来;取回
get down 下来;落下
get off 下(车)
get on 上(车)
get up 起床
give up 放弃
go on 继续下去
go out 外出(娱乐)
go over 过一遍;仔细检查#43
grow up 长大;成熟;成长
hand in 上交
hold on (口语)等着;(电话用语)别挂断
hurry up 赶快;急忙(做某事)
look out 当心;注意
look up 抬头看;(在词典、参考书中或通过电脑)查阅
pick up 捡起;接载
put away 把……收起;放好
put on 穿上;戴上#52
put down 放下;记下
put up 举起;张贴
run away 逃跑
set off 出发;动身
send up 发射;使上升
sit down 坐下
slow down 减缓;减速
take off 脱掉(衣服);(飞机)起飞
take out 取出#61
try on 试穿
try out 参加……选拔;试用
turn down 拒绝;关小;调低
turn on 接通(电流、煤气、水等);打开
turn off 关掉
turn over (使)翻过来
wake up 醒来
wear out 穿破;磨损
work out 成功地发展;解决
write down 写下;记录下#71
3.动词+名词/代词
常见的“动词+名词/代词”类短语有:
do morning exercises 做早操
do one’s homework 做作业
enjoy oneself(=have a good time) 玩得开心;过得愉快
have a cold (患)感冒
have a cough (患)咳嗽
have a fever (患)发烧
have a headache/stomachache (患)头痛/胃痛#80
have a try 尝试
have a look 看一看
have a rest 休息
have sports 进行体育活动
have supper 吃晚餐
make a difference 影响;有作用
make a mess 弄得一团糟(一塌糊涂)
make a wish 许愿
make an effort 作出努力#89
make a decision 作出决定
make a mistake 犯错误
make a noise 吵闹
make faces 做鬼脸
make friends 交朋友
make money 赚钱
take one’s place 代替;替换
teach oneself (=learn by oneself ) 自学
take photos 照相
take turns 轮流#99
4.动词+名词/代词/副词+介词
这类动词短语所带宾语只能放在介词后面。如:
He gets on well with his classmates.他与他的同学们相处得很好。
常见的“动词+名词/代词/副词+介词”类短语有:
catch up with 赶上
catch sight of 看见
come up with 想出;提出(主意、计划、回答等)
get on (well) with 与……和睦相处;关系良好
get rid of 摆脱#108
give birth to 生(孩子)
have influence/an effect on 对……有影响
help yourself/yourselves to 自取;随便吃
keep an eye on 留意
make friends with 和……交朋友
make room for 给……腾出地方#114
play a joke on 戏弄;开玩笑
speak highly of 称赞
say goodbye to 告别;告辞
take care of 照顾;照料;注意
take part in 参加#119
5.其他类型
come true 实现
do one’s best 尽某人最大努力
fall asleep 进入梦乡;睡着#123
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Scientists recently ___________(discover) a new planet in the
universe.
2.He _____(tell) me that he went shopping with his father yesterday.
3.Though he _______ (do not) know what a windmill (风车) was,
he decided to give it a try.
4.“Those pies ______ (smell) delicious,” said Bear.
discovered
told
didn’t
smell
5.Hotpot and Mapo Tofu both ______ (taste) very numbing (麻的)
and spicy.
6.In central Xi’an, the Bell Tower ______ (look) very tall and
amazing.
7.She _____ (have) realized the benefits of sports and is now a big
fan of biking.
8.When cultures meet, their food ________ (be) greatly different,
too.
taste
looks
has
will be
二、方框选词特训。
A.held B.enjoying C.came D.showed E.win F.flies
How time 1. ___! The Paris 2024 Olympic Games were 2. ___ from
July 26 to August 11. People from all over the world were looking
forward to 3. ___ this great event. A number of athletes who 4. ___ from
different countries 5. ___ their skills and competed in different kinds of
sports to 6. ___ medals.
F
A
B
C
D
E
A.wants B.are C.know D.wear
As we all know, eyes 7. ___ very important to us. Everyone 8. ___
to have bright eyes, but many children don’t 9. ___ how to protect
them. More and more children 10. ___ glasses before going to middle
school.
B
A
C
D(共17张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项四 数词
1
核心语法解读
2
语法分层过关
核心语法解读
1.基数词的用法
基数词主要表示具体的数量、时间、年龄等。常见的用法有以下几
种:
(1)表示数量的多少。如:
There are twenty-five students in our class.我们班有25名学生。
(2)表示年份和年龄。如:
My brother was born in 2015.我弟弟出生于2015年。
She is 15 years old this year.她今年15岁。#7
(3)表示时刻。
①直接读法。如:
8∶45→eight forty-five
11∶10→eleven ten
②间接读法。如:
2∶15→a quarter past two
5∶50→ten to six
7∶00→seven o’clock#15
(4)表示编号。由“单数名词+基数词”构成,此时名词和基数词的第
一个字母通常都大写。如:
We’re in Class Three.我们在三班。
Open your books to Page Twelve.打开课本第12页。
(5)表示确数和概数。
①表示确定的数目:“具体数字+数词+名词复数”。hundred,thousand,
million这些词前面有one,two,three等具体数字时,其后不加-s,表示确
切数目,其后的名词要用复数形式。如:
The library has five hundred books.图书馆有500本书。#21
②表示不确定的数目:“数词加-s+of+名词复数”。hundred,thousand,
million这些词前面没有具体数字,其后加-s,并与of连用,即hundreds of
(成百上千的),thousands of(成千上万的,数以千计的),millions of
(数以百万计的)。如:
Thousands of visitors came to the museum. 成千上万的游客来到博
物馆。#23
(6)“in+the+年份-s”表示“在……世纪……年代”;“in+one’s+整十的基
数词的复数形式”表示“在某人……多岁时”。如:
My grandfather was born in the 1950s.我祖父生于20世纪50年代。
She started her business in her forties.她四十多岁时开始创业。#26
【小贴士】
(1)“基数词+名词+形容词”合成的形容词中,名词用单数形式。
如:
an eleven-year-old boy一个11岁的男孩
(2)数词与表示时间、距离、重量、金钱、度量等的名词连用作主
语时,常被看作是一个整体,谓语动词用单数形式。如:
Three thousand dollars is what I should pay.我应该付3 000美元。
(3)another+基数词+名词复数=基数词+more+名词复数。如:
I need another three tables.=I need three more tables.我还需要三张桌
子。#33
2.序数词的用法
(1)序数词表示顺序时,其前要加定冠词the,其后通常接单数名词。
如:
Our classroom is on the third floor.我们的教室在三楼。
(2)序数词前加不定冠词a/an,表示“再……,又……”。如:
Let’s try a second time. 我们再试一次吧。
(3)当序数词与形容词性物主代词或名词所有格连用时,其前不用
定冠词。如:
This is my first time traveling abroad.这是我第一次出国旅游。
(4)序数词与基数词连用时,常放在基数词前。如:
She won first two matches in the competition.她赢了比赛的前两场。#42
3.概数词和分数
(1)概数词
①常见概数词有hundred, thousand, million, billion等。概数词与
具体数字或some, several, many等词连用时,其后不加-s。如:
ten thousand miles 一万英里#46
②常见的表示概数的短语(其前不加具体的数字)
dozens of 几十个
hundreds of 数以百计的
thousands of 数以千计的
millions of 数以百万计的
billions of 数以十亿计的#52
(2)分数
①分数的构成规则:
分子(基数词)+分母(序数词)
当分子>1时,分母加-s。如:
3/5 three fifths 1/5 one fifth
②分数的常用特殊表达:
1/2 a half 1/4 a quarter
3/4 three quarters#60
③分数作主语时的动词规则:#61
名词类型 示例 动词形

可数名词 复数 Two thirds of the apples are red. 三分之二的苹果 是红色的。 复数
不可数名 词 Three quarters of the water is polluted. 四分之三 的水被污染了。 单数
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·甘肃金昌中考)This is Li Hua’s ______(three) time to be a
volunteer.
2.(2025·云南中考)Every year, people celebrate World First Aid Day
on the ________(two) Saturday in September.
3.(2025·江苏扬州二模)He’d like to buy a present for his father’s
________(forty) birthday.
third
second
fortieth
4.(2025·云南昆明三模改编)Every year, __________(thousand) of
tourists come to the Dianchi Lake to see the seagulls.
5.(2025·吉林三模改编)China has over two _______(third) of the
world’s high-speed railways.
thousands
thirds
二、从框内6个选项中选出能填入句子空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项
为多余选项。
A.first B.second C.third D.fifths E.hundred F.millions
1.(2025·福建漳州模拟)The ___ letter in the word “century” is “n”.
2.(2025·福建厦门二模)I’ve never been to Beijing. This will be my
___ visit to the Great Wall.
3.(2025·甘肃张掖三模改编)The volunteers sent two ___ books to a
village school on Children’s Day.
C
A
E
A.first B.second C.third D.fifths E.hundred F.millions
4.About three ___ of people enjoy the TV play. And 70 percent of the
music in it is very original (原创的).
5.(2025·甘肃张掖二模改编)The program Chinese Poetry Conference
(《诗词大会》) gets attention from ___ of people.
D
F(共42张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项三 代词
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 人称代词、物主代词与反身代词
1.人称代词
(1)人称代词的分类
数 格 人称 单数 复数
主格 宾格 主格 宾格
第一人称 I me we us
第二人称 you you you you
第三人称 he him they them
she her
it it
(2)人称代词的用法
①主格在句子中作主语。如:
We are Chinese.我们是中国人。
②宾格在句子中作动词或介词的宾语,在口语中还可作表语。如:
Mr. Wu teaches us English.吴老师教我们英语。
It’s me.是我。
③多个人称代词在同一句中的顺序通常是第一人称在后。如:
You, he and I are all happy.你、我和他都很开心。
【小贴士】人称代词排序歌
单数并列231(you,he/she,I),
复数并列123(we,you,they)。
如若要把责任担,
第一人称最当先。
④it的用法:代替前文提到的人物、事物或事件;指时间、自然现象、
日期或距离等;代替指示代词this,that;作形式主语或形式宾语。如:
It’s two o’clock in the afternoon.现在是下午两点。
Many people find it very important to learn English well.许多人发现
学好英语很重要。
2.物主代词
(1)物主代词的分类
数 格 人称 单数 复数
形容词性 名词性 形容词性 名词性
第一人称 my mine our ours
第二人称 your yours your yours
第三人称 his his their theirs
her hers
its its
(2)物主代词的用法
①形容词性物主代词作定语,放在名词之前,不能独立使用。如:
Our country is very great.我们的祖国很伟大。
②名词性物主代词作主语、宾语或表语,后面不能跟名词。如:
This is our classroom. That’s theirs.这是我们的教室。那是他们的
(教室)。
③名词性物主代词常与of连用作后置定语。如:
Amy is a friend of mine.埃米是我的一个朋友。
【小贴士】物主代词巧记口诀
形物代词能力差,自己不能来当家;
句子之中作定语,后面要把名词加。
名物代词能力强,自己独来又独往;
句子成分主表宾,后面名词不能跟。
3.反身代词
(1)反身代词的构成
数 人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himself themselves
herself
itself
(2)反身代词的用法
①作宾语。如:
Don’t worry about me. I can look after myself.不要担心我。我能照
顾好我自己。
②作表语。如:
I am myself.我就是我自己。
③作同位语。如:
You can go and ask him yourself. 你可以自己去问他。
④反身代词的固定搭配。如:
by oneself独自;enjoy oneself过得愉快;help oneself to随便吃;hurt
oneself伤害自己;learn by oneself=teach oneself自学
【小贴士】反身代词巧记口诀
反身代词表自身,“宾、表、同位”三成分;
动、介词后作宾语,表示动作回自身;
表示强调同位语,强调动作“亲自”任;
系动词后作表语,各种用法牢记心。
命题点2 不定代词与指示代词
1.普通不定代词
初中阶段常用的普通不定代词主要有:
each, every, both, all, either, neither, none, one, few,
little, many, much, other, another, any, some, no等。#3
几种易混淆的普通不定代词的用法:
(1)some与any#5
词汇 用法 示例
some 肯定句/请求 疑问句 I have some storybooks. 我有一些故事书。
Would you like some juice 你想要喝点果汁
吗?
any 疑问/否定/条 件句 Do you have any questions 你有任何问题吗?
There aren’t any buses.没有公交车了。
You can ask me for help if you have any
difficulties.如果你遇到任何困难都可以找我帮
忙。
(2)both, either与neither#7
词汇 含义 示例
both 两者 都…… We both like English.我们俩都喜欢英语。
either 两者之 一 You may take either bus. 你可以乘这两路公交中的
任意一辆。
neither 两者都 不…… The old man has two sons, but neither of them
lives with him.这位老人有两个儿子,但是没有一个
与他住在一起。
(3)few, a few, little与a little#9
肯定含义 否定含义 用法
a few一些;几个 few几乎没有 后接可数名词复数
a little一点儿 little几乎没有 后接不可数名词
【例句】
She has few friends here.她在这儿没什么朋友。
I can speak a little English.我会说一点儿英语。#13
(4)none与no#14
词汇 用法 示例
none 指代人或物 None of the students failed.没有一个学生不及格。
no 常指代物 There is no sugar in my coffee. 我的咖啡里没加
糖。
(5)each与every
each可单独使用,代替名词,着重“个别”,用于两者或两者以上之中
的每一个人或物;而every不可单独使用,仅作形容词,着重“全体”,用于
三者或三者以上中的每一个人或物。如:
Every student has read the book.每个学生都读过这本书。
There are some trees on each side of the street.街道的每一边都有
树。#19
(6)many与much
many和much都表示“许多”,many修饰可数名词复数,much修饰不可
数名词。如:
You can see many apples in the picture.在这张图片中你能看到很多
苹果。
There is much water in the cup.杯子里有很多水。#23
(7)the other与another
①the other指两者中的另一个,常用在以下结构中:one … the
other … 一个……另一个……。如:
I have two pen pals. One is from the USA, and the other is from
the UK.我有两个笔友。一个来自美国,另一个来自英国。
②another指三者或三者以上中的另一个。如:
have another book.我还有另外一本书。#28
2.复合不定代词#29
前缀 后缀 some- (肯定) any- (肯/否定) no- (肯定) every-
(否定)
-one(指人) someone anyone no one everyone
-body (指人) somebody anybody nobody everybody
-thing (指物) something anything nothing everything
复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。具体使用时
应注意以下几点:
(1)复合不定代词被形容词修饰时,形容词应放在它们后面。如:
I have something interesting to tell you.我有一些有趣的事要告诉
你。
There is nothing wrong with the computer.这台电脑没有毛病。
Have you seen anyone/anybody famous 你见过名人吗 #35
(2)指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相
应的人称代词和物主代词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但
在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their。如:
Everyone knows this, doesn’t he/don’t they 人人都知道这一点,
不是吗
If anybody/anyone comes, ask him/them to wait.要是有人来,让他/
他们等着。#38
(3)指事物的复合不定代词若用作主语,谓语动词只能用单数,相
应的人称代词也只能用it,而不用they。如:
Everything is ready, isn’t it 一切都准备好了,不是吗
(4)复合不定代词anyone, everyone等只能指人,不能指物,且其
后一般不接of短语。若是指物或后接of短语,可用any one, every one。
如:
any one of the boys/books男孩子们当中的任何一个/任何一本书
every one of the students/schools每一个学生/每一所学校#43
3.指示代词
(1)指示代词的基本用法
指示代词包括this, that, these, those等,它们在句中既可用作代
词,也可用作形容词。一般说来this, these表示“近指”,而that, those表
示“远指”。
(2)指示代词指上下文的情况
指上文提到的事多用that,有时用this,指下文的事只能用this。#48
(3)电话用语中的指示代词
在电话用语中指自己用this,指对方用that,不用I或you。如:
—Who’s that 你是哪位
—This is Mary speaking.我是玛丽。#52
(4)指示代词受定语从句的修饰
指示代词that, those后可接定语从句,一般说来,that后接which引导
的定语从句,those后接who引导的定语从句。如:
They say the only real knowledge is that which can be measured.据
说唯一真实的知识是可以检验的知识。
Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些事
先预订了的人可以进去。#56
(5)指示代词用作替代词
that, those有时可用作替代词,用来替代前面提到过的人或事物。
如:
The weather here is warmer than that in my hometown.
这里的天气比我家乡的(天气)要暖和。
Modern schools have better facilities than those in the past. 现代学
校比过去的(学校)设施更好。#61
【辨析】it,one,this与that#62
词汇 用法 示例
it 特指上下文提到的对象是同一 事物 The book is mine. It’s very
interesting.这本书是我的。它很
有趣。
one 泛指上下文提及的同类人或事 物中的一个,同类而不同物 —Who has a novel named
Little Women 谁有名叫《小妇
人》的小说?
—I have one.我有一本。
词汇 用法 示例
this this指代较近的人/物 This is yours and that is mine.
这是你的,那是我的。
that 常用于比较结构中,代替前面 提到的名词,以避免重复 The weather in Beijing is
colder than that in Shenzhen.
北京的天气比深圳的冷。
续表
◆ it的特殊用法
(1)it的常用句型:
①It is+adj.+(for sb.)to do sth. (对某人来说)做某事是……的。
如:
It is important for us to work hard.对我们来说,努力工作很重要。
②It’s time to do/for/that … 是时候做……。如:
It’s time to get up/for lunch/that we should go home.是时候起床/吃
午饭/我们该回家了。#69
③It takes/took sb.some time/money to do sth.做某事花费某人多少时
间/金钱。如:
It took me three hours to finish this work.完成这项工作花了我3个小
时。
④It seems that … 看起来好像/似乎……。如:
It seems that you are right.看起来好像你是对的。
⑤It’s one’s turn to … 轮到某人做……。如:
It’s your turn to sing.轮到你唱歌了。#75
⑥It’s+adj.+that从句. 如:
It’s natural that they should have different views.他们应该有不同的
看法,这很正常。
(2)it作形式宾语。如:
Do you think it necessary to scan the QR code before entering the
office building 你认为有必要先扫码再进入办公大楼吗?#79
语法分层过关
一、用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.(2025·四川乐山中考改编)Their school is very similar to ______
(our), but our school is bigger.
2.(2025·甘肃兰州中考)I am 15 years old and I’m able to look after
_______(I) well.
3.(2025·甘肃金昌中考)Jim’s teachers encourage _____(he) to try
new things.
ours
myself
him
4.(2025·天津中考改编) _____(I) sister is in the school tennis team.
I’m proud of _____(she).
My
her
5.(2025·四川达州中考改编)—Who left a notebook in the English club
—It’s not ______(I). Maybe it’s _______(Jack).
mine
Jack’s
二、语法填空特训。
用适当的代词补全下面的短文。
(2024·贵州中考改编)Some people are worried about the effect
that social media has on the lives of young people. The following text
was written by a reporter. 1. ________ tried to find out whether social
media has a positive or negative effect on children.#2
He/She
Social media websites are communities where users can share photos
and talk to each other online. 2. ______ are very popular—millions of
people use social media every day. Although 3. ______ people think
social media is a positive thing, 4. _______ are worried about the
negative effects it can have on young people.#3
They
some
many
James, a 15-year-old student, thinks 5. _____ social media has
many benefits. “I get very nervous when I talk to people in real life—I
find it so much easier to express myself when 6. ___ use social media.
Another advantage is that I hardly ever forget anyone’s birthday now
because I can look it up online!” Lots of users agree that social media
helps young people stay connected to 7. ______ friends and make new
friends from around the world.#4
that
I
their
However, social media also has many problems. Social media may
help young people find friends, but it also makes 8. ___ easier for
bullies to hurt them. Some parents believe that social media makes it
harder for families to spend time together. 9. ______ say their children
are so crazy about social media that they ignore (忽视) the rest of
their family. Many teachers think social media can distract (使某人分心)
their students from schoolwork.
There is no doubt that social media has some problems, and 10.
___ is very important to avoid spending too much time online.
it
They
it
However, generally speaking, social media can be a positive thing for
young people. It is a way for nervous people to make friends, and for
young people to stay connected.#6(共25张PPT)
第二部分
语法专项解读
专项二 冠词
1
语法知识导图
2
核心语法解读
3
语法分层过关
语法知识导图
核心语法解读
命题点1 不定冠词a, an
1.基本用法#1
词汇 基本用法 示例
a 用在以辅音音素开头的字母或单 词前。一般弱读为/ /,表示强调 时重读为/e / a ruler 一把尺子
a university 一所大学
a European country 一个欧洲
国家
词汇 基本用法 示例
an 用在以元音音素开头的字母或单 词前。一般弱读为/ n/,表示强 调时重读为/ n/ an apple 一个苹果
an hour 一个小时
an eleven-year-old girl 一个
11岁的女孩
【小贴士】以元音音素开头的字母有12个:a, e, f, h, i, l,
m, n, o, r, s, x。如:
There is an “n” in the word “name”.
单词“name”中有一个字母“n”。#1.1.1.2
续表
2.具体用法
(1)表示泛指的某人或某物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。如:
Give me a pen, please. 请给我一支钢笔。
She is an artist. 她是一位艺术家。
(2)表示“类别”,指一类人或事物。该用法并不表示具体的某一个
人或事物,而是指一类人或事物,一般不译为“一”。如:
A dolphin is smarter than a shark. 海豚比鲨鱼聪明。#2.2.1
(3)用于集体名词、可数的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前。
如:
a family of six一个六口之家
I’d like a cup of coffee. 我想要一杯咖啡。
What a heavy snow! 好大的雪啊!
What a pity! 多遗憾啊!
It’s a pleasure to meet you. 很高兴见到你。
A Lisa left this note. 一个叫丽萨的人留下了这张纸条。
(4)用于序数词前,表示“又一”“再一”,并不表示顺序性。如:
She failed but tried a second time. 她失败了,但又尝试了一次。#2.4.1
3.含不定冠词的常见短语及搭配
take a walk/shower 散步/淋浴
give a smile/hug 露出微笑/给一个拥抱
have a try/break 尝试一下/休息一下
in a hurry 匆忙地
in a moment 立刻#3.5
a number of 大量
half an hour 半小时
as a result 因此
in a word 总之
in a loud voice 大声地
with a smile 微笑着#3.11
命题点2 定冠词the
1.基本用法
(1)用于特指上文提到过的人或事物。如:
I saw a cat in the garden. The cat was black and white. 我在花园
里看到一只猫。这只猫是黑白相间的。
(2)用于说话双方都知道的人或事物前。如:
Can you close the door, please 你能关上门吗?
(3)用于单数可数名词前,表示一类人或事物。如:
The dog is a loyal animal. 狗是忠诚的动物。
(4)用于表示世界上或宇宙中独一无二的事物的名词前。如:
The moon looks bright tonight. 今晚月亮看起来很亮。
(5)用于表示地点、方向、时间、方式等的名词前。如:
Turn right at the end of the street. 在街道尽头右转。
(6)用于序数词、表特指的比较级和最高级前。如:
She is the tallest girl in our class. 她是我们班最高的女生。
The taller of the twins is the elder brother. 双胞胎中较高的那个是
哥哥。
(7)用于形容词前,表示一类人或事物。如:
The young are the hope of our country. 年轻人是我们国家的希望。
(8)用于表示演奏的乐器的名词前。如:
The singer can play the piano well. 这位歌手钢琴弹得很好。
(9)用于集体名词、物质名词、专有名词前。
the用于集体名词前,表示某个集体中的全部;the用于物质名词前,
表示具体的有别于其他的物质;the用于江河海洋、山脉等专有名词前,或
由普通名词构成的专有名词前。如:
The team won the match yesterday. 这支队伍昨天赢得了比赛。
The water in this bottle is cold. 这个瓶子里的水是凉的。
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China. 黄河是中国
的第二长河。
(10)用于姓氏复数前,表示“……一家人”或“……夫妇俩”。如:
The Browns are going home by plane. 布朗一家将乘飞机回家。
2.含定冠词的常见短语及搭配
at the same time 同时
all the year round 全年
in the end 最后
on the right 在右边
by the way 顺便说一下#2.5
at the moment 此刻
all the same 尽管如此;仍然
at the age of 在……岁时
to tell the truth 说实话
at the beginning of 在……开始
go to the cinema/station 看电影/去车站
on the one hand …, on the other hand … 一方面……另一方
面……#2.12
命题点3 零冠词
零冠词主要指不使用冠词的情况,不包括定冠词和不定冠词的省略。
1.基本用法
(1)用于不可数的物质名词、抽象名词、专有名词前。如:
Water is very important for life. 水对生命非常重要。
Music can bring people pleasure. 音乐可以给人带来快乐。
Beijing is the capital of China. 北京是中国的首都。
(2)用于表示泛指的复数可数名词前。如:
Mobile phones are now playing an important role in people’s lives.
现在手机在人们的生活中起着重要作用。
(3)用于月份、星期、节日等名词前。如:
Spring is the best season to visit this city. 春天是来这个城市游玩的
最佳季节。
(4)用于表示三餐、球类运动或棋类运动的名词前。如:
Do you like playing football 你喜欢踢足球吗?
I usually have eggs for breakfast. 早餐我通常吃鸡蛋。
(5)用于表示学科、语言的名词前。如:
Math is interesting but challenging. 数学有趣但具有挑战性。
Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上说
汉语的人越来越多。
(6)名词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词或限定词时。如:
My brother likes reading books. 我弟弟喜欢读书。
(7) by与表示交通工具或交通媒介的名词连用表示交通方式时。如:
by bus/car/taxi/plane/train/water/air 乘公共汽车/小汽车/出租车/飞机/火
车/船/飞机
2.零冠词的固定搭配
(1)在时间、地点方式或状态有关的一些词组中,不使用冠词。如:
at breakfast 早餐时
at night 在晚上
at college 在大学
at first 起初
(2)在一些动词短语中,习惯上不用冠词。 如:
ask for trouble 自找麻烦
ask for help 寻求帮助
ask for advice 征求建议
catch fire 着火
(3)由介词或连词连接的两个相同、相对或关系密切的名词组成的
一些固定词组中常不用冠词。如:
arm in arm 臂挽臂
day and night 日日夜夜
day after day 日复一日
hand in hand 手拉手
语法分层过关
一、用适当的冠词填空。
1.Tom Green is ___ European boy.
2.(2025·甘肃白银改编)Look at the photo of my family! _____ man in
a white T-shirt is my father.
a
The
3.(2025·四川达州改编)—Karm, what are you doing
—I’m reading an article. _____ article is about Dazhou.
The
4.(2025·四川成都改编)I volunteered as ___ guide in Chengdu Museum
last weekend.
5.Can you lend me ____ book that you bought yesterday
a
the
6.Zhan Tianyou is ____ engineer and he is called the “Father of China’s
Railroad”.
7.I want to be ___ scientist like Qian Xuesen when I grow up.
8.I got ____ email from my friend. And he studies in ___ university in
Beijing.
9.(2025·海南海口三模改编)Some schools have set up special courses
for ____ young to help them learn basic life skills.
an
a
an
a
the
10.(2025·黑龙江齐齐哈尔三模改编)—We have ____ unusual school
trip this year.
—Yes. It’s more interesting than before.
an
11.Wang Jun is ____ honest boy. We should learn from him.
an
12.(2025·海南海口二模改编)Little Tom failed to throw the ball into
the basket. And he wanted to have ___ second try.
a
13.—Do you know ____ girl who is standing under the tree
—Of course! She is Lucy, my classmate.
the
14.The Chinese government plans to build ____ AI-powered city in
Xiong’an New Area by 2025.
15.Rice is ____ annual plant—it grows, flowers and dies within a year.
an
an
二、语法填空特训。
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的冠词。
(2025·广东广州二模改编)They say that “travel is the best teacher”
and there is no better example of this idea than the Ming dynasty travel
writer and geographer Xu Xiake (1587-1641). His book 1. _____
Travel Notes of Xu Xiake, not only encouraged 2. ___ love of traveling
among Chinese people but also provided lots of important scientific
information.
The
a
At 3. ____ age of twenty and with his mother’s support, Xu set
off for 4. ____ first time. He spent the next 30 years traveling throughout
5. ____ Ming dynasty, carefully studying the lands and recording his
experiences and many discoveries in 6. ____ unusual diary.
Unfortunately, Xu became seriously ill during his last and longest
journey. He died in 1641, soon after returning to his hometown for 7.
____ last time. His diary was finally printed years after his death.
Although incomplete, it still made Xu 8. ___ traveling legend (传奇)
around the world.#4
the
the
the
an
the
a

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