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过去完成时的被动语态
语法专项指导
Past perfect passive
Review the past perfect tense
Review the passive voice.
被动语态的构成
语法原句再现
①At the start of the detox,over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media,in ANY form,for seven days.
②They had been promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.
③But on reflection,I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.
以上句子均含有had been done的谓语动词形式。had been done构成过去完成时的被动语态。
语法知识点拨
过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时态和被动语态的结合,表示在过去某一时刻或某个动作发生前已经完成的被动动作,句中常用by、before、until、when等词引导时间状语。
一、过去完成时的基本结构
1.过去完成时的被动语态的肯定式为“had+been+done”。
The task had been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
任务已于昨天12点前完成。
2.过去完成时的被动语态的否定式为“had+not+been+done”。
The task hadn’t been finished before 12:00 yesterday.
任务在昨天12点前仍未完成。
3.过去完成时的被动语态的一般疑问句需将had提到主语的前面。
Had the task been finished before 12:00 yesterday
任务在昨天12点前完成了吗
4.过去完成时的被动语态的特殊疑问句为
“特殊疑问词+had+been+done”。
What time had the task been finished yesterday
在昨天的什么时间任务就已完成了
Conclusion
语境运用
句子语法填空
①Word came that Li Hua 　　 　 　 (admit) to an outstanding university.
②How many buildings 　　 　　(destroy) when the hurricane ended
③　　　　 all the tickets 　 　　　 (sell) out when Mary hurried to the box office
④In the 1980s in this village,there were only muddy roads to the outside,and concrete ones 　 　　　(build) yet.
had been admitted
had been destroyed　
Had
been sold　
hadn’t been built
过去完成时的被动语态常用于以下情况。
1.表示过去某一时刻或某个动作发生前已经完成的被动动作,常与by、before、until、when等词引导的时间状语连用。
二、过去完成时的用法
By the time he got to the school,the first period had been finished.
他来到学校时,第一节课已结束。
The classroom hadn’t been cleaned before the teacher came.
在老师来之前,教室并未清扫。
2.在tell、say、know、hear、think等动词之后的宾语从句中,若表示过去某一被动动作,则用过去完成时的被动语态。
They said the production costs had been reduced.
据他们讲,生产成本已下降。
The man was reminded that his report had not been handed in.
那个男人被提醒说,他的报告还未提交。
As the assignment had been done,he went on to read his book.
因为任务已完成,他继续读书。
3.根据语意可以判断出过去动作先后的被动语态,用过去完成时的被动语态。
He did what he had been told to.
他做了别人要求他做的事。
Conclusion
语境运用
句子语法填空
①By the end of last year,another new gymnasium 　　　 　 ____ (complete) in Beijing.
②The work was done earlier than it ______________________　　　 (plan).
③His house 　　　 　 (damage) in the heavy rain,so he moved to his parents’ house.
had been ompleted　
had been planned　
had been damaged
④We were told all the work 　　　 　(finish) by now.
⑤All the tables by the windows_______________________　　　　 (book) by telephone when I got to the restaurant.
⑥I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan 　　　 　(carry) out in the past two years.
had been finished
had been booked
had been carried
1.用于“ It was the first/second/...time that+主语+had been done
(+其他)”句型中。
三、过去完成时的特殊句式
It was the first time that the meeting had been held in Zhengzhou.
那是该会议第一次在郑州召开。
2.在虚拟条件句中,条件从句表示对过去的情况的假设时,用“if+主语+had been done(+其他)”句型。
If I had been invited earlier,I would have gone there.
如果早点儿邀请我的话,我就去那儿了。
语境运用
句子语法填空
①It was the first time that China’s lecture 　　　 　
(deliver) from the orbiting Chinese Space Station.
②If my advice 　　 　　(take) by him,he would have succeeded.
③It is said that the old coins 　　　 　(bury) under the earth for about 100 years by the time they were discovered.
had been delivered
had been taken
had been buried
真题体验
1.(2023·新高考全国Ⅰ卷)Within weeks,it 　_____　　 all 　　　 _______________　 (digest),and all that was left was pure water.
2.(2023·浙江1月卷)I parked my car outside the farm and walked past a milking house which 　　　　 apparently 　　　 　___________________ (not use) in many years.
had
been digested　
had
not been used　
考查时态和语态。该句是由and连接的并列句,digest 作谓语动词。由句意“几周之内,它就被完全消化了,剩下的只有纯净水”可知,digest这个动作发生在was left 之前,又因为it和digest之间是被动关系,故填had和been digested。
考查时态和语态。not use在定语从句中作谓语动词。由句意可知,not use这个动作发生在walked past之前,又因为milking house和not use之间是被动关系,故填had和not been used。
语法专项训练
完成句子
1.到上个月末,他新写的小说已被译成了英文。
His 　　　　　　　　 novel ______________________________________　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 by the end of last month.
2.到上个月末,一些最新的教学设备已经被送往广西的一些高中。
By the end of last month,some latest teaching equipment ________________________________________.
newly written
had been translated into English
had been sent
to some high schools in Guangxi
3.当我们到达事故现场时,伤员已经被送往最近的医院了。
When we reached the scene of the accident,　 　 　　 _________________　____ the nearest hospital.
4.在我们实施这项计划之前,我的同学们提出了不同的想法。
Before we carried out the plan,various ideas 　　　　 　　_________________________________________by my classmates.
sent to the injured had been
had been put forward
5.课后复习所学知识,让我受益匪浅。
It benefited me a lot to review ____________________________　　　　　　　　　　　 　after class.
6.他说在救护车到达时伤口已经被很好地处理过了。
He said the wound 　　　　　_____　　　　　　　　 by the time the ambulance arrived.
what had been taught　
had been properly treated
7.据报道,他因在社交媒体上传播谣言已被逮捕。
It was reported that he ____________________________________　　　 　spreading rumors on social media.
8.截至去年年底,这座城市建了很多高楼。
By the end of last year,many tall buildings 　　　 　　___________________.
9.据媒体报道,地震已经造成了1 000多人死亡。
The media reported that more than 1,000 people 　　 ______________________________　 in the earthquake.
had been arrested for
had been built　
had been killed
10.警察发现这座房子被人闯入并且很多东西都被偷走了。
The police found that the house_________________________ 　　　　　　　　　　　　 and a lot of things 　　　　　　　.
11.开会前这个新计划已经讨论过了。
The new plan 　　　　　　　　　　　　 before the meeting.
12.我们回去的时候,飓风中毁坏的屋顶已经修好了。
The roof 　 　　　 in the hurricane_______________________ 　　　　　 　　　　 when we went back.
had been broken into
had been stolen　
had been discussed
damaged
had been repaired
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