资源简介

(共39张PPT)
Words and Expressions
1. persuade[p swe d]vt. 劝说；说服
persuasion n．说服；说服力　
persuasive adj.有说服力的
persuade sb. to do sth.＝persuade sb. into doing sth.
劝某人做某事
persuade sb. not to do sth.＝persuade sb. out of doing sth.
劝某人不做某事
persuade sb. of sth. / persuade sb that... 使某人相信...
【语境应用】使句子的意思相同或相近。
1) I persuaded him to give up playing computer games.
→I _________ him ________ to play computer games any more.
→I _________ him ________ ________ playing computer games.
2) I couldn’t persuaded myself that he was honest.
→I couldn’t persuaded myself ________ ________ ________.
3) （翻译）
我成功说服了老师接受我的想法。
persuaded not
persuaded out of
of
his honesty
I managed to persuade the teacher into accepting my ideas.
说服某人（不）做某事：
persuade sb to do sth./into doing sth.
persuage sb not to do sth./out of doing sth.
convince sb (not)to do sth.
argue/talk sb into/out of doing sth.
v.+sb of sth.
persuade/convince只相信/suspect/inform/remind/warn/
accuse控告/rob抢劫/relieve减轻/rid摆脱/cure
2. switch vt.转换；交换　
vi. & vt.(使)改变；转变　n．开关；转换器；改变
switch/ turn on/off 开/关(电灯、机器等)
switch over to 转换到
switch sth. with sb. 和某人交换某物 swap/ exchange
make a switch 改变
He switched ________ the lights and examined his surroundings.
You must switch ________ the TV when you leave.
on
off
≈ turn/ shift/ transform/ ...
3. distant / d st nt/adj. 遥远的;远处的;疏远的
be distant from 离……远
a distant area 遥远地区 a distant relative 远房亲戚
distance n/ vt (保持)距离，保持疏远关系
in the distance:在远处
keep sb at a distance:与某人保持距离/疏远某人
faraway
secure /s kj r/. adj 安全的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护
be/feel secure about对……有把握
insecure adj.不安全的，不可靠的
security n. 安全.
securely adv.安全地；安心地　
safe - safety
appliance[ pla ns]n. 电器；器具
apply vi.申请，应用vt. 涂、致力于
apply (to sb) for ...向某人申请
apply...to... 运用到…/涂抹到….
be applied to (doing) sth专心于做某事
application n.应用 applicant n. 申请人
e.g. He ___________ to his game, _________the glue(胶水） _____ the toys.（apply）
was applied
applying
to
integrate vt.&vi. （使）合并；成为一体
integrate A with B 使A与B结合
integrated adj. 各部分密切协调的；综合的；全面的
integrate theory with practice
sensor[ s ns ]n. 传感器；敏感元件
sense n. 感官，感觉;天赋；资质；悟性;意识；道德观念；理解；看法;判断力；见识；头脑;意义。
vt.感觉到；觉察到；意识到;理解；领悟;检测；感测;读取。
sensory adj.感觉的；感官的
in this sense (in a…sense/ way) 从这种（某种）意义上来讲
eg In this sense, children and adults have equal rights.
从这个意义上说，儿童和大人享有同样的权利。
【拓展】sense短语
make sense 有意义; 讲得通
make no sense 没道理; 没意义
make sense of 理解; 明白
there is no sense in doing sth. 做某事没道理
common sense 常识
a sense of humor 幽默感
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) Can you ____________ （理解）this poem
2) See, your computer has broken down again!
It doesn’t ____________ （有意义，讲得通）to buy the cheapest brand of computer just to save a few dollars.
3) She has a strong _____________.
她特别有幽默感。
make sense of
make sense
sense of humor
efficient adj.效率高的；高效的　inefficient adj. 低效的，无效的
efficiently adv.效率高地　efficiency n．效率；效能
vs. effective adj. 有效的，生效的，起作用的，产生预期结果的。
ineffective adj. 无效果的；不奏效的；不起作用的;无能的
(be) efficient at (doing) sth.
在(做)……方面有成效
This process apparently makes efficient use of limited resources.
The Internet is a(n) ________ (efficiency) way of reaching target customers.
Form good habits of learning and you will improve your learning ________ (efficient).
efficient
efficiency
prefer v. (更) 喜欢；愿意；宁愿
(preferred-preferred;preferring)
preference n. 偏爱/好 have/show a preference for …偏爱/偏好…
prefer to do … = prefer doing…
prefer (doing) … to (doing) …
prefer to do … rather than do…
would rather do than do= would do rather than do
prefer sb. to do sth.
would prefer that (从句谓语多用虚拟语气) 宁愿= would rather that...
更喜欢做…
宁愿(做) … 而不愿(做)…
更希望某人做某事
preferable adj.
更好的，更合适的，更可取的
He is keen on all kinds of new things and has a (prefer) for computers.
He had a rather unconventional work habit, (prefer) to work through the night.
What’s the author’s 　　 (prefer) solution to global warming
He finds country life infinitely (prefer) to living in the city.
3)I prefer doing something to ______(do) nothing.
4)I prefer _____(read) a newspaper rather than watch (watch) TV.
preference
preferring
preferred
preferable
doing
to read
instant n．瞬间；片刻　adj.立即的；速食的；速溶的　
instantly adv.立即
instant coffee 速溶咖啡
instant noodles 方便面
the instant (that) conj. 一……就……
for an instant 一瞬间
in an instant (＝immediately) 立即，马上
The show was an instant success.演出一炮打响
These boys and girls jumped with joy ________ (instant) the chairman announced the result of the game.
On ________ (hear) the news, the little boy burst into tears.
1) 我一看到他，就认出了他。
2) 等一下，我立刻就来。
instantly
hearing
The instant I saw him, I recognized him.
Wait a moment, I’ll be with you in an instant.
“一……就……”的句型小结
(1)As soon as/Once＋时间状语从句，＋主句
(2)The moment/instant/second/minute＋时间状语从句，＋主句
(3)Instantly/Immediately/Directly＋时间状语从句，＋主句
(4)On/Upon＋动名词/名词，＋句子
(5)No sooner had＋主语＋过去分词……部分倒装＋(从句) than＋主语＋动词的过去式
No sooner had he arrived home than he was asked to start on another journey.
他刚到家，就被要求出另一次差。
(6)Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely＋had＋主语＋过去分词……部分倒装＋(从句) when＋动词的过去式
Hardly had she gone out when it began to snow.
她刚出门，天就开始下雪了。
command n．指令；命令；控制　vt.命令；控制
commander n．负责人；(尤指)司令官；指挥官
take/have a good command of 掌握精通
(be) in command of 控制，指挥
give a command 发出命令
obey the command 服从命令
command sb. (not) to do sth. 命令某人(不要)做某事
command + that从句（从句should +V原，should可省）命令做...
The general commanded that his troops should move on.
1)The policeman commanded the thief ________ (hand) in what he had stolen.
2)Applicants will be expected to ____________________(精通) English.
3)He commanded that _______________________ (所有的大门都要关闭) at dusk.
4)You must obey _____________________ (老师的命令).
to hand
have a good command of
all the gates (should) be shut
the teacher’s commands
一个“坚持”：insist
两个 “命令”：order, command
四个“建议”：advise, suggest, propose, recommend
五个“要求”：demand, desire; require, request; ask
五“督促”：urge
12455一二四五五: 不论词性，但看从句。
warning n．(就可能发生的意外等提出的)警告；警示；先兆　
warn v．提醒；警告
give (sb.) a warning against (向某人)发出警告
without (any) warning 没有(任何)先兆
warn sb of sth
warn sb. (not) to do sth./ warn sb out of doing sth 警告某人(不要)去做某事
Doctors issued a warning ________ eating any fish caught in the river.
医生告诫我不要喝酒。
_______________________________________
against
The doctor warned me not to drink.
critical adj. 严重的；关键的；决定性的; 批判性的
critical thinking 批判性思维 criticize/ criticise vt/ vi ~ sb for (doing) sth
对…表示批评
对…很关键/重要
The government (criticize) for failing to invest enough in the health service.
There has been widespread (criticize) of the decision.
Food supplies are at a (critical) low level.
These talks are critical the future of the peace process.
critic n.
criticize vt./ vi
criticism n.
批评家，评论家
批评，评论
批评，评论
was criticized
be critical of …
be critical to …
criticism
critically
to
potentially adv.可能地；潜在地　
potential adj.可能的；潜在的[只用于名词前] 可能的(=possible)　
n．[U]潜力；可能性
have the potential for doing sth.= have the potential {to do sth}
有可能/有潜力做某事
achieve/fulfill/reach one’s (full) potential:充分发挥某人的潜能
Many household products are potentially harmful.
It is reported that the machine has many potential uses.
He has the potential _____________ (appoint) as manager this year.
Clearly this is a __________ (potential) dangerous situation.
We need to find new ways to help students ___________________________ (发挥他们的潜能).
to be appointed
potentially
achieve/fulfil/realize their potential
relevant adj.有关的；有意义的　irrelevant adj.无关的；
relevantly adv.有关地；切题地
be relevant to 与……有关
In the exams, make sure that everything you write ____________ (与……相关) the questions you have been asked.
I don't think what he said ___________________ (与话题有关) we are discussing. He has missed the point.
is relevant to
is relevant to the topic
relevance n.[U]
相关，关联
have (no) relevance to. /in relevance to 和……(无)有关
vs. irresponsible/ irregular/ ...
“与……有关”：
be relevant to
be related to
have relevance to
in relevance to
be linked to/with
be involved with/in
be associated with
be concerned with
have something to do with
catch fire
着火（形容动作)
形容状态： be on fire for+时间段
make fire
save fire
set fire to
put out/ extinguish a fire
play with fire
生火
救火
纵火
灭火
玩火/冒险
sth. be available/ accesible to sb :可被某人获得/利用的;
be available for sth:可用于...
be available to do…(某物)可用于做…; (某人)有空闲可以做…
【语境应用】完成句子。
1) 没有资金来做这个项目。
There is no money available for this project.
2) 一有票我就会告诉你。
I'll tell you as soon as tickets become available.
3) 如果你想见我的话，我下周二有空。
I'm available next Tuesday if you want to meet me.
4) 不是所有情况我们都能了解。
Not all the facts are available to us.
available adj. 可获得的；可购得的；(人)有空的 avail n/ vt
nevertheless[ n v l s]adv. [正式用语]尽管如此；不过；然而
≈however/ yet/ still/ instead/ even so/ ...
structure
n[U]&[U]结构;构造；体系[C]建筑物
vt. 精心组织；构成；建造
structural adj结构的;建筑物的
structured adj有组织的;有安排的 organized
crime[kra m]n. 犯罪活动；不法行为
commit a crime v.犯罪
criminal n.罪犯
combine v．(使)结合；混合　combined adj.结合的/合并的
combine ...with把......与……结合起来
combine...into...把……合成……
be combined with与……相结合
拓展：
combination n.结合；联合；混合体
in combination with 与……联合起来
It's vital that you should try to combine exercise with a balanced diet.
They combined the two small shops ________ a big one.
She successfully combines her career ________ family life.
With their patience and efforts, they successfully developed a ___________ (combine) of artificial breeding and natural reproduction.
into
with/and
combination
predict vt.预测；预言；预料　
prediction n．预测；预言 predictable adj. 可预见的　
predictor n．预言者
be predicted/expected to do sth. 预计做某事
be difficult/hard to predict 难以预测
It is predicted that... 据预测……
as sb. had predicted, ... 正如某人所预料的, ......
It was predicted that the temperature of the next month would continue to fall.
In summer, the weather is much less _________ (predict).
Whether this will be successful or not is still difficult ________ (predict).
In fact, the famous glaciers __________ (predict) to disappear by 2050.
predictable
to predict
are predicted
occupy v. 占领; 占据; 担任 occupied adj.已占用的
忙于做某事
1) occupy sb./oneself with/in doing sth.
2) be occupied/busy/engaged with /in doing sth.
因为忙于工作(非谓语做状语），他强烈要求把婚礼推迟到下个月。
①
②
Occupying himself with his work, he insists that the marriage cerenomy should be postponed until next month.
Occupied with his work, he insists that the marriage cerenomy should be postponed until next month.
occupation n．工作，职业；侵占；居住
oppose vt.反对(计划、政策等)；抵制，阻挠
opposed adj. 相反的；反对的；截然
opposition n. 反对，反抗
oppose doing sth. 反对做某事
be opposed to (doing) sth. 反对(做)某事(to为介词)
= be against doing sth= object to doing sth
1) They expressed strong ________ (oppose) to the plans.
2) With a lot of people ________ (oppose) it, the government had to postpone the new proposal.
3) 我们反对任何破坏环境的行为。
opposition
opposing
opposite adj.相对的；相反的 adv.在对面 n.对立的人（或物）；对立面
We are opposed to any action that does harm to the environment.
hence /hens/ adv. 因此;由此
adv.: hence/ therefore/ thus/ so/ consequently/ ...
介短： as a result (consequence)/ in consequence/
for this reason/ ...
cease vi. & vt. 使停止；终止 n．停止　
ceaseless adj.不断的；不停的
cease to do/doing sth. 停止做某事’
vs. = stop doing sth≠ stop to do sth 停下来去做...
We worked without cease to get the project finished on time.
In 1981, she ________ (cease) being a player and moved into management. I had ceased to care what happened to her.
ceased
deceased adj. 已死的；亡故的
the deceased/dead 死人
absence n．不存在；缺乏；缺席　absent adj.缺席的
in the absence of 缺乏…
be short of/ lack (for) sth/ be lacking in sth
in one’s absence某人不在时
absence of mind 心不在焉
be absent from...缺席/少、不参加…（be present at参加，出席）
absence from work/school 缺勤/缺课
The absence of financial resources makes these small companies helpless.
1) The campaign had begun ________ his absence.
2) There were so many people absent ________ the meeting that it had to be put off.
3) 他因为某种理由而没有出席会议。
during/in
from
absent minded adj.心不在焉的
He was absent from the meeting for one reason or another.
advocate vt.提倡；支持；拥护 n．提倡者；支持者；拥护者
advocate (doing) sth. 提倡/主张(做)某事
advocate that...(should) do... 主张，提倡……
其后跟宾语从句时，从句要用虚拟语气，即“should＋动词原形”，should 可以省略。
an advocate for/of... ……的支持者/拥护者
advocator:拥护者 advocation:n拥护、支持
Not you but I am an advocate of free speech.
The report advocated that all buildings _________________ (fit) with smoke detectors.
There is no advocate __________ the new policy.
(should) be fitted
for/of
emphasis n．强调；重要性; 重音stress
emphasise vt.强调；重视
= stress/ value/ treasure/ cherish/ underline/ highlight/ attach importance (significance/ value) to doing sth/ ...
lay/put/place emphasis on 强调
他们重视质量而不是数量。
They put emphasis on quality rather than on quantity.
keep in touch (with)(......保持联系)
①get in touch wih.....与......获得联系
②1ose touch with......
=be out of touch失去联系
无论你去哪里,请与我保持联络。
他索要了我的地址并说他不想和我失去联系。
大学毕业之后,他们就失去联系了。
They have been out of touch with each other since their graduation from college.
whereveryou go,keep in touch with me,please.
He asked for my address and said that he didn’t want to lose touch with me.
resist v．抑制；反抗；抵挡　
resistance n．抑制；反对
resistant adj.抵抗的，反抗的
resist sb./sth. 抵抗/抵制某人/某物
resist (doing) sth. 抵制(做)某事
be resistant to... 对……有抵抗力；抵制……
can’t help/ ~ doing sth忍不住做某事
For months the company has resisted ________ (change) its accounts system.
The no-smoking policy was introduced with little ________ (resist) from staff.
changing
resistance
50. librarian[la bre r n]n. 图书管理员；图书馆馆长
library n. 图书馆 vs. laboratory n. 实验室 adj.

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