资源简介

(共27张PPT)
B1U2
Exploring English
Warming up
①small-town swot
小镇做题家
②scholar-lord
学霸
③GOAT
YYDS（历史最佳）
④Vlogger
⑤overwhelming
⑥retouch
视频博主
破防
美颜
Guess the meaning.
whelm v. 淹没；覆盖；压倒
How these words are formed
word formation 构词法



1. abbreviating
2. changing the part of speech
3. adding a prefix or suffix
4. combining two or more words
d
c
b
a
a Neither is there pine nor apple in pineapple.
b … sculpt a sculpture…
c When we… see rain…, we can say “it’s raining”…
d WHO

Match the words in bold to the types of word formation:
Now look for more examples of each type in the reading passage.
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
When you open a dictionary, you often come across a lot of unfamiliar words. You might think this is a bit scary. But many of them are formed using other simpler words. This is called word formation.
Words formed by combining other words are called compounds/'k mpa nd/, for example, __________ (a friend that you contact by writing, traditionally using a pen) and __________ (known by many people).
penfriend
well-known
1. Compounding(合成法)
Two words are combined to form a new word
+
=
sunflower
+
=
fireman
loudspeaker, midnight, blackboard, software, mainland
waiting-room, sitting-room
playground, watchtower, searchlight, password
扬声器
午夜
黑板
软件
大陆
等候室
起居室；客厅
操场
瞭望塔
探照灯
密码
handwriting, thanksgiving, housekeeping
get-together, breakthrough
downtown, outdoor
书写
感恩
家务活儿
聚会
突破
n.市中心；
adj.市中心的
户外的
Prefixes and suffixes often have fixed meanings. If you add un- or in- to a word, the new word usually means the opposite. For example, if something isn’t correct it’s ________, and if someone isn’t happy they are _________. Words with the suffixes -ment and -ness are often nouns. For example, if somebody has improved a lot, they have made great ____________.
incorrect
unhappy
improvement
Complete the passage with the help of word formation.
派生法
前缀
（prefix)
dis-
im-
in-
disagree, dislike, disappear
impossible, impolite, impatient
inexpensive, incorrect, inability
inter-
mis-
non-
pre-
re-
un-
不
不
不
在……之间；相互
错误地
不，非
在……之前
再，重新
不
international, interconnect
mislead, misunderstand
non-electrical, non-smoker
preschool, preview, prewar
retell, rewrite, reread
unable, unhappy
2. Derivation (派生法)
Derivatives are generally composed of a prefix plus a word, or a word plus a suffix.
派生法
后缀
（suffix)
-er, or
-ment
-ship
-tion
-able
-ful
-less
-ous
-ly
（做某事）的人 / ……者
表示动作、状态、结果
表示技能、地位、性质、状态
表示结果
表示有……性质的,可……的
表示有……性质的，充满的
表示无、没有
表示有……特性的
表示方式
dancer, actor
arrangement development
leadership friendship
relation, reflection
washable comfortable
useful shameful
careless, useless
dangerous, nervous
carefully, quickly
Practice：
His ____ (polite) made a good impression on everyone. (2024 年全国乙卷)
Such rare animals are ___________(rare) seen in the wild now. (2023 新课标 I 卷)
It’s ____ (legal) to park here without permission. (2024 年新课标 II 卷)
politeness
rarely
illegal
Some nouns and adjectives can be used as verbs, or the other way round. When we calm somebody down, they become ______. And we can give someone a present by__________ it.
And sometimes a word is made up of the first letters of several words: “World Trade Organization ” can be referred to as _____ , and ______is short for “as soon as possible”.
It is impossible to know the meaning of every word, but knowing about word formation can help us guess their meanings.
calm
presenting
WTO
ASAP
情况相反
由...所组成
3. Conversion (转化法)
一个词从一种词类转化为另一种或几种词类而不发生词形的变化的方法称为“转化法”。如名词, 形容词转化为动词。
1. Many of his friends backed on his plan.
2. Although I am no longer a child, mother still mothers me.
3. The oranges were boxed and sent off quickly.
4. Let's go out for a walk.
5. She was dressed in blue.
6. The train slowed down to half its speed.
1. n-v
2. n-v
3. n-v
4. v-n
5. adj-n
6. adj-v
单项选择（选出括号内单词在句中转化后的正确词性及含义）
The team aims to win the championship in the next competition.
（aim: n. 目标→v. ______）
A. 瞄准 B. 旨在；力求 C. 打算（主观意愿）
She volunteered to help the elderly in the community every weekend.
（volunteer: n. 志愿者→v. ______）
A. 自愿做 B. 招募志愿者 C. 支持志愿者
B
A
单项选择（选出括号内单词在句中转化后的正确词性及含义）
This article highlights the importance of protecting endangered animals.
（highlight: n. 亮点→v. ______）
A. 使突出；强调 B. 点亮 C. 挑选出
The heavy snow blocked the main road, causing traffic jams.
（block: n. 街区；障碍物→v. ______）
A. 划分街区 B. 堵塞；阻碍 C. 围绕
A
B
4. Abbreviation (缩略法)
缩略法主要采取“截头”、“去尾”或者“既截头又去尾”的方法生成新词，且词义不变。
telephone —
phone
airplane —
plane
Mathematics —
Math/Maths
influenza —
flu
fridge
refrigerator —
另外还有许多缩写词是由各个单词的首字母组成。
4. Abbreviation (缩略法)
WHO
CCTV
NBA
UFO
UN
USA
GOAT
(World Health Organization)
(China Central Television)
(National Basketball Association)
(unidentified flying object)
(United Nations)
(United States of America)
(Greatest Of All Time)
构词法
(word formation)
合成法 Compounding
(combining two or more words)
派生法 Conversion
(adding a prefix or suffix)
转化法 Conversion
(changing the part of speech)
缩略法 Abbreviation
(abbreviating)
前缀
(prefix)
后缀
(suffix)
To sum up
Practice:
absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，dry-clean，ill-treated，peace-loving，color-blind，pickpocket，notebook，ready-made
1．Such expensive clothes need .
2．They agreed to have a talk next week.
3．The boy is and cannot tell blue from yellow.
4．The was caught stealing the cellphone from a lady.
5．The boy was helped to get rid of trouble successfully.
dry-cleaning
face-to-face
color-blind
pickpocket
ill-treated
absent-minded，passer-by，face-to-face，dry-clean，ill-treated，peace-loving，color-blind，pickpocket，notebook，ready-made
6．Some lent me a hand when they saw me get into trouble.
7．The fat man can hardly find any clothes that fit him well.
8．We Chinese are people and we’ll never declare war on others.
9．When I use my dictionary，I write down all the new words I learn in this little .
10．The boy is often in class，but sometimes he can listen to the teacher closely.
passers-by
ready-made
peace-loving
notebook
absent-minded
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．He lied to me，which made me (happy)．
2．A (foreign) came to visit our school last Friday.
3．It is very (danger) for children to play with fire.
4．Only in this way can a new generation be (healthy) brought up.
5．She often (mistake) me for my twin brother but I don’t care that.
unhappy
foreigner
dangerous
healthily
mistakes
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
6．Frankly speaking，I enjoyed the play， (particular) the second half.
7．I want to work in the atmosphere which is fairly
(formal) and relaxing.
8．I just came here last week so I am (familiar) with the place and the people here.
particularly
informal
unfamiliar
Homework
B1U2
Thanks for listening
1. come across
=run across=run into =bump into =meet with 偶然遇到
2. familiar adj. 熟悉的
——unfamiliar adj.不熟悉的——familiarity n. 熟悉度
be unfamiliar to... 对...来说是不熟悉的
be unfamiliar with... 对...熟悉
3. contact v. 联系，联络 n. 联系，联络；接触
be/keep/stay in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系
4 .organize v. 组织
——organized adj. 有组织的，有条理的，有系统的——organizer n. 组织者——organization n. 组织
a non-profit organisation 一个非营利性组织

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