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译林版（2024新教材）初中英语八年级下册Unit1 Past and present 基础知识巩固训练
（满分100分）
一、本单元单词测试（根据汉语提示写单词，注意词性，共15分）
1. 变化；改变 v. & n. __________
2. 运输；交通 n. __________
3. 环境 n. __________
4. 污染 v. __________
5. 工厂 n. __________
6. 不可能的 adj. __________
7. 已经；早已 adv. __________
8. 刚刚；方才 adv. __________
9. 曾经 adv. __________
10. 还；仍然 adv. __________
11. 想念；怀念 v. __________
12. 返回；归还 v. __________
13. 意识到；认识到 v. __________
14. 形势；情况 n. __________
15. 改善；改进 v. & n. __________
二、重点单词词性转换（共15分）
1. change（第三人称单数）________；（过去式）________
2. transport（动词：运输）________；（过去式）________
3. environment（形容词：环境的）________；（复数）________
4. pollute（名词：污染）________；（形容词：被污染的）________
5. factory（复数）________；（形容词：工厂的）________
6. impossible（反义词：可能的 adj.）________；（副词：不可能地）________
7. miss（过去式）________；（现在分词）________
8. return（第三人称单数）________；（过去式）________
9. realize（过去式）________；（名词：认识；意识）________
10. situation（复数）________；（形容词：处境的）________
11. improve（过去式）________；（名词：改善）________
12. north（形容词：北方的）________；（副词：向北）________
13. ever（反义词：从未 adv.）________；（同义词：曾经 adv.）________
14. condition（复数）________；（动词：使适应）________
15. return（过去式）________；（反义词：离开 v.）________
三、短语翻译（汉译英/英译汉,共20分）
（一）汉译英
1. 过去常常 __________
2. 与……保持联系 __________
3. 搬到……去 __________
4. 在过去 __________
5. 目前；现在 __________
6. 空气污染 __________
7. 设法做某事 __________
8. 改善环境 __________
9. 独自；单独 __________
10. 顺便访问 __________
（二）英译汉
11. take action __________
12. in some ways __________
13. over the years __________
14. play a part in __________
15. for example __________
16. as a result __________
17. clean up __________
18. all one's life __________
19. get used to __________
e back __________
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空（共15分）
1. Great changes __________ (take) place in our hometown over the past ten years.
2. My father __________ (work) in this factory since 2008.
3. I __________ (not see) my old friend for a long time.
4. ________ you ever ________ (visit) the Great Wall
5. She __________ (move) to Beijing with her family last year.
6. We __________ (already realize) the importance of protecting the environment.
7. It is __________ (possible) for us to finish the work in one hour.
8. He used __________ (go) to school by bike, but now he takes the bus.
9. My mother __________ (clean) the house already. It's very tidy now.
10. The government __________ (take) action to improve the air condition recently.
11. I miss my grandparents very much. I __________ (not visit) them for two months.
12. When I was young, I __________ (live) in a small village.
13. She __________ (return) the book to the library yesterday.
14. We should try our best __________ (improve) our living conditions.
15. Look! The workers __________ (clean up) the river.
五、根据首字母提示完成填空（共10分）
1. Great c__________ have taken place in our city over the past five years.
2. The e__________ is getting worse and worse. We should protect it.
3. There are many f__________ in this area, which cause a lot of pollution.
4. It's i__________ to finish the difficult task in such a short time.
5. I have a__________ finished my homework. Let's play football.
6. I j__________ saw my old teacher in the street.
7. Have you e__________ been to Shanghai
8. I haven't read this book y__________.
9. I m__________ my old classmates very much after I moved to a new school.
10. The government has taken actions to i__________ the environment.
六、完形填空（共15分）
Changes in My Hometown
My hometown is a small village. In the past, it was very poor. People 1 in small houses. The roads were narrow and dirty. 2 there were no buses or cars, people had to walk or ride bikes to go out. The environment was good, 3 there was no pollution.
Now great changes have taken place. People 4 into big and bright houses. The roads are wide and clean. There are many buses and cars running on the roads. People can 5 easily. However, with the development of industry, some 6 have been built near the village. As a result, the air and water are 7.
The government has 8 realized the problem. They have taken action 9 the environment. Now the situation is getting better. I hope my hometown will become 10 in the future.
( )1. A. live B. lives C. lived D. living
( )2. A. Because B. But C. So D. Or
( )3. A. and B. but C. so D. or
( )4. A. move B. moved C. have moved D. are moving
( )5. A. travel B. traveled C. travels D. traveling
( )6. A. schools B. factories C. hospitals D. parks
( )7. A. polluted B. clean C. fresh D. clear
( )8. A. just B. already C. yet D. never
( )9. A. improve B. improving C. to improve D. improved
( )10. A. more beautiful B. most beautiful C. beautiful D. beautifully
七、汉译英（一空一词，注意时态与句式,共20分）
1. 我的家乡在过去十年里发生了巨大的变化。
Great changes ________ ________ __________ in my hometown over the past ten years.
2. 我已经完成了我的作业。
I ________ ________ my homework __________.
3. 他过去常常骑自行车上学。
He ________ ________ __________ to school by bike.
4. 我们应该采取行动改善环境。
We should ________ ________ __________ improve the environment.
5. 我已经有很长时间没见到我的朋友了。
I ________ ________ ________ my friend ________ a long time.
6. 政府已经意识到污染的问题。
The government ________ ________ __________ the problem of pollution.
7. 她去年搬到了北京。
She ________ ________ Beijing last year.
8. 我们应该保持与老朋友的联系。
We should ________ ________ __________ with our old friends.
9. 在某些方面，现在的生活比过去好。
________ ________ __________, life now is better than in the past.
10. 他们设法清理了那条污染的河。
They ________ ________ __________ the polluted river.
参考答案
一、本单元单词测试
1. change 2. transport 3. environment 4. pollute 5. factory
6. impossible 7. already 8. just 9. ever 10. yet
11. miss 12. return 13. realize 14. situation 15. improve
二、重点单词词性转换
1. changes; changed 2. transport; transported 3. environmental; environments
4. pollution; polluted 5. factories; factory 6. possible; impossibly
7. missed; missing 8. returns; returned 9. realized; realization
10. situations; situational 11. improved; improvement 12. northern; north
13. never; once 14. conditions; conditioned 15. returned; leave
三、短语翻译
（一）汉译英
1. used to 2. keep in touch with 3. move to 4. in the past
5. at present 6. air pollution 7. manage to do sth. 8. improve the environment
9. on one's own 10. drop by
（二）英译汉
11. 采取行动 12. 在某些方面 13. 这些年来 14. 参与；在……中起作用
15. 例如 16. 结果 17. 清理；打扫干净 18. 一生；终生
19. 习惯于 20. 回来；返回
四、用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. have taken 2. has worked 3. haven't seen 4. Have; visited
5. moved 6. have already realized 7. impossible 8. to go
9. has cleaned 10. has taken 11. haven't visited 12. lived
13. returned 14. to improve 15. are cleaning up
五、根据首字母提示完成填空
1. changes 2. environment 3. factories 4. impossible
5. already 6. just 7. ever 8. yet 9. miss 10. improve
六、完形填空
1. C 2. A 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. B 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
七、汉译英
1. have taken place 2. have finished; already
3. used to go 4. take action to
5. haven't seen; for 6. has already realized
7. moved to 8. keep in touch
9. In some ways 10. managed to clean up

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