资源简介

(共27张PPT)
情境活动·听说演练
核心考点·探究内化
Unit 8　Green Living
Part 1　Topic Talk
情境活动·听说演练
Ⅰ.话题词汇
1.leave the tap running　　 让________开着
2.use less tissue paper 少用______
3.smog and air pollution ______和空气污染
4.used batteries 废______
5.live a low-carbon life 过低____生活
6.the ______ floor 海底
7.sandstorms and ________ 沙尘暴和沙漠
8.use less __________ 少用电
9.more public __________ 更多公共运输式
10._______ plastic 回收利用塑料
11.at my _____ 在我的公寓
水龙头
纸巾
雾霾
电池
碳
ocean
deserts
electricity
transport
recycle
flat
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.globe n. 地球;地球仪→_______ adj.球的,世界的
2.industry n. 工业→__________ adj. 工业的
3.extinct adj. 灭绝的,消失的→__________ n. 灭绝
4.______ vt. 解决→solution n. 解决,解决办法
5.________ n. 平衡→balanced adj 平衡的,均衡的
global
industrial
extinction
solve
balance
Ⅲ.根据情境和提示完成对话
W: I’ve finally finished my work today. James, can you give me a cup, please I want to drink some water.
M: OK. Here you are. Oh, wait. Use this one, please.
W:1.______________________(为什么我不能用那个)
M: That cup is made of seaweed. If you use it to hold hot water, it’ll be damaged and I’m afraid you’ll get scalded.
W: Then why did you buy such cups
Why can’t I use that one
M: You know I 2._________________________(关心环境) very much. Now we
produce too much waste every day. Different from plastic and paper cups, this kind of
cups can disappear within thirty days outdoors and they do no harm to soil.I think it’s
3.____________________________(一个减少污染的好法).
W:That’s amazing. Could you go to the supermarket with me tomorrow I want to buy
some such cups, too.
M: OK.I didn’t know you also care about the environment.
W: Well,I think we all should do what we can to 4._________________________(与自
然和谐相处).
M: I can’t agree more.
care about the environment
a good way to reduce pollution
live in harmony with nature
核心考点·探究内化
1.extinction n. 灭绝
(应用文之建议信)In order to protect the wildlife from extinction, I suggest that we should set up some special zones for wildlife.
为了保护野生动物免于灭绝,我建议我们应该设立一些野生动物保护区。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to the government to take effective measures to preserve the rare animal from becoming extinct.我呼吁政府采取有效措施保护这种稀有动物免于灭绝。
【精要必记】
(1)protect...from extinction 保护……免于灭绝
in danger of extinction 濒临灭绝
(2)extinct adj.已灭绝的;绝迹的;消亡了的
become extinct 灭绝;绝种
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to __________(extinct),
with only a few elderly speakers left.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①不幸的是,越来越多的野生动物濒临灭绝。
Unfortunately, there are more and more wild animals _____________________.
②如果目前的趋势继续发展下去,这种树或许在这个十年末灭绝。
If the present trend continues, such kind of trees may ______________ by the end of
this decade.
extinction
in danger of extinction
become extinct
2.solution n. 解决办法
(读后续写之人物描写)He put forward a solution to noise pollution, which was highly thought of by people.
他提出了一个解决噪音污染的办法,受到了人们的高度评价。
(应用文之人物介绍)She is kind as well as smart, often helping other classmates solve difficult maths problems.
她既聪明又善良,经常帮助其他同学解决数学难题。
【精要必记】
(1)solution to...　　　 解决……的法
(2)solve vt.解决;解答
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①However, the ________ (solve) to any problem begins with a step in a direction.
②You’ll feel a lot better about yourself if you work on solutions ___ your upsetting
situations in an effective way.
solution
to
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①工作小组将寻求切实可行的案,以解决严重的雾霾问题。
The working group will be looking for ___________________ the serious smog
problems.
②指望他们能够立即解决问题是不现实的。
It is unrealistic to expect them to be able to ____________________________.
practical solutions to
solve the problem immediately
3.balance n.平衡 v.(使)平衡;权衡
(应用文之演讲稿)Wild animals are a part of nature and of great importance to ecological balance.
野生动物是自然的一部分,对生态平衡非常重要。
(读后续写之动作描写)He lost his balance and fell off the ladder.
他失去了平衡,从梯子上掉了下来。
【精要必记】
(1)keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
on balance 总的来说
(2)balance...against... 权衡/比较……与……
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的,均衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Before making the final decision, you’d better balance the advantages ________ the
disadvantages.
②____ balance, the book is a friendly, down-to-earth introduction to the history of
China.
③(应用文之建议信)It would be a good idea if you could keep a _________ (balance)
diet to keep physically healthy.
④You have to maintain a balance of $10,000 in the account. (balance ________)
against
On
balanced
n. 余额
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
(应用文之建议信)为了更有效地学习,你最好在线上学习和线下学习之间保持平衡。
To study more efficiently, you’d better _______________________________________
_______________.
keep a balance between online learning and
offline learning
4.do my part for sth. 尽自己所能做某事
(应用文之演讲稿)I’m thankful for the chance to do my part, and make tomorrow better with everyone.
我对能有机会发挥自己的作用,和大家一起把明天建设得更好而感激不尽。
(读后续写之心理描写)That’s when it dawned on me that I had to do my part for the family.
就在那时,我意识到我必须为这个家庭尽我的一份力量。
【精要必记】
do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽力而为,竭尽所能
make every effort to do sth. 尽一切努力做某事
do everything/ what sb. can to do sth. 尽力做某事
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①I’m more than delighted to do my part ____ the welfare of the whole community.
②Dear classmates, let’s start now and make every effort __________(protect) animals
—our good friends!
③I will do ______ I can to help her with the task.
for
to protect
what
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我会尽我的最大努力学好英语。
→I’ll ______________ to learn English well.
→I’ll _________________ to learn English well.
→I’ll _______________________ to learn English well.
do/try my best
make every effort
do everything/ what I can
【要点拾遗】
1.transport n. 交通运输系统,运输式 vt. 运输,运送
(应用文之人物介绍)He has a strong sense of environmental protection and the bike is his main means of transport.
他有很强的环保意识,自行车是他的主要交通工具。
(读后续写之动作描写)The trucks are transporting the products of the company to different supermarkets.
卡车正将公司的产品运送到不同的超市。
【精要必记】
(1)transport sb./sth. from...to... 把某人/某物从……运送到……
(2)transportation　　 n. 运输,运送
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting
waste ___ local rivers.
②A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to global
______________ (transport), which can bring great convenience to people’s life.
to
transportation
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
交通非常拥堵,所以很难按时将货物从商店送到客户的家中。
Traffic was very heavy, so it was difficult to _________________________________
customers’ houses on time.
transport the goods from the store to
2.fight against与……作斗争
(读后续写之人物描写)However, my dad was positive and brave, actively cooperating with medical staff to fight against the illness.
然而,我的爸爸是积极和勇敢的,积极配合医务人员与疾病作斗争。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to everyone to do our part to fight for clean environment.
我呼吁每个人都尽自己的一份力量,为干净的环境而战。
【精要必记】
fight for　　　　 为……而战
fight with 与……并肩作战;与……作斗争
fight about... 为……而争论
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Scientists think that they are beginning to break through to fight ________ cancer.
②People from different countries should fight _____ each other ____ a peaceful world.
③He and his wife are always fighting ______ who will do the washing.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
第二次世界大战中美国联合英、法两国对德作战。
During the Second World War, America ___________ Britain and France ________
Germany.
against
with
for
about
fought with
against(共71张PPT)
必备知识·认知导学
文本阅读·语篇研析
核心考点·探究内化
Unit 8　Green Living
Part 2　Lesson 1
语法知识·精讲点拨
必备知识·认知导学
Ⅰ.重点词块—速记
1.be known as “Just-me-ism”　 被称为________________
2.millions of gallons of water 数百万______的水
3.an expert on wild chimpanzees 一位野生________专家
4.make a dog wag its tail 让狗____尾巴
5.new green _______ 绿色的新芽
6.can’t be _________ to pick up the litter 懒得捡起垃圾
7.set up an _________ 创立一家机构
8.break open ______ walls to reach the light 打破砖墙以获得光明
“自我中心主义”
加仑
黑猩猩
摇
shoots
bothered
institute
brick
Ⅱ.活用单词—拓展
1._____ n.树根;v. (使)生根;扎根于→rooted adj.根深蒂固的;生根的
2._____ adj.实的;稳固的→firmly adv. 牢固地;强而有力地;坚决地
3._______ v. 成立;建造;根据→founder n. 创立者,缔造者→___________ n. 基础;地
基
4.________ vt.参与;包含→involved adj. 忙于……的;卷入的,参与的→
involvement n. 参与;投入
root
firm
found
foundation
involve
【词缀串记】
-tion常用于动词之后构成名词
found 　　　→foundation 基础;地基
act →_______ 活动;行动
add →_________ 添加;加法
protect →__________ 保护;防卫
inspire →___________ 灵感;鼓舞
action
addition
protection
inspiration
Ⅲ.核心短语—互译
1.___________ 忍受,遭受;患……病;受……之苦
2._____________ 心里想;自言自语
3.___________ 采取行动;采取措施
4._______ 建立;创建
5.__________________ 在20世纪90年代早期
6._____________ 除……之外(还有,也)
7.______________ (在……中)扮演角色/起作用
8._________________ 有影响/起作用
suffer from
say to oneself
take action
set up
in the early 1990s
in addition to
play a role (in)
make a difference
9.leave a light on __________
10.can’t be bothered to do sth. ____________
11.pick up
___________________________________________________
12.be committed to ___________________________
13.all around the world ________
让灯亮着
懒得做某事
捡起;获得;收拾;(汽车;飞机)乘载;不费力地学会;接收信号
致力于;委身于;以……为己任
世界
Ⅳ.经典句式—悟通
1.You know that all those things are wrong, ___________ (省句)
你知道那些都是不对的,但那又怎么样
2.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is _______________________________
____________________________, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.(动词不定式作表语)
“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人,从学龄前儿童到大学生,使他们能够为创造一个安、与自然和平共处的未来而贡献力量。
but so what
to educate young people, from pre-
schoolers to university students
3.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the
world and ____________________________.(动词不定式作定语)
成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题,改变世界并且使其更加宜居。
4.Do you want to __________________________________________ (make+宾语+
宾语补足语)
你想让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗
make it a better place to live in
make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
文本阅读·语篇研析
【新课导入】
Look at the pictures and answer the following questions.
1.What can you learn from the pictures
____________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________
Due to global warming, the environment is being destroyed. The air is being
polluted. Natural disasters like flood, drought, hurricane and so on frequently
happen. The sea level is rising gradually.
2.What can we do to solve the problem
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
On the one hand, the government should make laws to forbid factories to emit
poisonous gasses into the air. On the other hand, we individuals should also do our
part for the environment by living a green life such as saving energy, using
recycled materials, not littering everywhere, etc.
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para.1:What is “(1)____________”
Para.2:The (2)_____________ of Roots & Shoots.
Paras.3、4:The (3)_________ of its name.
2.What’s the main idea of this passage
　　The passage is mainly about the characteristics, significance and influence of
Roots&Shoots,which aims to (1)_______ young people to (2)___________ for the
environment,animals and their community.
Just-me-ism
establishment
meaning
inspire
take action
Task 2微观探究·细节理解
Ⅰ. Read Para. 1 carefully and do the following exercises.
1.List three kinds of behaviour representing (体现) “Just-me-ism”.
①_____________________________________________
②______________________________
③__________________________________________________
2.Do you think“Just-me-ism” is harmful Why do you think so
______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
Leave a light on when you go out.
Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
Yes, I think it is harmful, because if we stick to it, a lot of energy would be wasted
and a great deal of litter would be dropped.
Ⅱ. Read Para. 2 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.For what purpose was Roots & Shoots was established
____________________________________________________________________
____________
2.Who is Jane Goodall
______________________________________________________________________
____________________________________
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their
community.
She is a world-famous expert on wild chimpanzees who has been whole-heartedly
committed to environmental protection.
Ⅲ. Read Para. 3 carefully and do the following exercise.
Fill in the blanks.
The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground
to make a _______________, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break
open brick walls to ______________.
firm foundation
reach the light
Ⅳ. Read Para. 4 carefully and choose the best answer.
What is the paragraph mainly about
A.Achievements of Jane Goodall.
B.The purpose of Roots & Shoots.
C.Most people suffer from “Just-me-ism”.
D.Every individual can make a difference to the world.
答案:D
Ⅴ. Read the whole passage again and answer the following question.
What contribution does Roots & Shoots make to society
_________________________________________________________
It helps to change the world and make it a better place to live in.
Task 3阅读升华·拓展思维
1.Why is “Just-me-ism” a problem
_____________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
2.What is your explanation for the two quotes from Dr.Jane Goodall
_____________________________________________________________________
_______________
Because “Just-me-ism” often shows self-centre, imposing one’s own opinions on
others,which can lead to failure in interpersonal communication.
It’s an exciting way to get people to work together to change the world through
Roots & Shoots.
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　Most people suffer from 1.______ is known as “Just-me-ism”.As a result,they think their
actions,for example,leaving the tap 2.________(run) while they brush their teeth,leaving a light on
when they go out, dropping a piece of litter and not being bothered 3._______(pick) it up,won’t be
4._________(harm)to the environment or their community. But,in fact,they will and they could
matter.Roots & Shoots 5._______________(establish) in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, who’s
well-known as 6.____ expert on wild chimpanzees. Its purpose is to educate young people to build a
future 7._____ is secure and live together in peace with nature. The idea is that if you educate enough
8.___________ (individual), they can change the world and make it a 9._______(good) place for
people, animals and the environment. Dr. Jane Goodall says: “It is by acting together, 10.___ this
exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to
change the world.”
what
running
to pick
harmful
was established
an
that
individuals
better
in
Task 5长句难句·释疑解难
1.The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the
ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break
open brick walls to reach the light.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,because引导__________从句,该从句中第一个and连
接两个______分句,在第二个分句中,but连接另外两个______分句。
[自主翻译]____________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________
原因状语
并列
并列
这个组织取名“根与芽”,取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础,
而芽看起来又小又弱,却可以向着阳光冲破砖墙的阻挡。
2.Dr. Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that: “Every individual
matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.”
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,第一个that引导______从句,第二个that引导______
从句,而表语从句是由三个简单句组成的。
[自主翻译]____________________________________________________________
___________________________________________
宾语
表语
珍·古道尔博士认为,最重要的是:“每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体
都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。”
核心考点·探究内化
1.root n.树根 v. (使)生根
(读后续写之动作描写)He is pulling the weeds up by the roots in the garden.
他正在把花园里的杂草连根拔起。
【精要必记】
(1)the root of...　　　 ……的根源
by the roots 连根地
take root 植根;深入人心
(2)root through 翻寻
be rooted to the ground/spot (因害怕、惊吓等)呆住不动
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之动作描写)She rooted ________ the bag, found what she wanted,
headed toward the door and then went out.
②The typhoon pulled up many trees ____ the roots.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
创业的关键就是你需要有足够的资金,这样你的公司才能有稳定的根基。
The key to starting a business is to have enough financing so that your business can
_________.
through
by
take root
2.bother vi.&vt. 费心,麻烦;花费时间、精力(做某事) n.麻烦;困难
(教材原句)Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.例如,你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【精要必记】
(1)bother to do/doing sth.　　 费心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth. 因为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb. that... 使某人苦恼的是
can’t be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
(2)have bother (in) doing sth. 做某事费力
【知识深一度】
　　bother作“麻烦;困难”讲时,是不可数名词;作“令人烦恼的事物;讨厌的人”讲时,
是可数名词。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①To my surprise, he didn’t even bother ____________(let) me know he was coming to
pay a visit to me.
②I don’t know why he bothers me _____ this kind of small matters.
③It _________(bother) Steve that he hadn’t found a job that he had been longing for.
④I can’t be bothered _______(wait) for the bus. Let’s walk to the supermarket.
to let/letting
with
bothered
to wait
【美句·锻造】 词汇升级
With the kind boy leading the way, we didn’t have much difficulty (in) finding the old
man’s house.
→With the kind boy leading the way, we didn’t have much _______ (in) finding the
old man’s house.
bother
3.take action 采取行动
(教材原句)To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区,“根与芽”诞生了。
【精要必记】
in action　　　 在运转;在活动中
put/call/bring sth. into action
使……行动起来;使……生效;使……开始工作
take action to do sth.= take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①With the World Cultural Heritage Day coming,we shouldn’t hesitate to call on people
to take action _______ (save)our treasures.
②He wanted to go there and see the system ___ action.
③The new plan for traffic control is being put _____ action on an experimental basis.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
We have to _________________________________ the proprietary technology.
to save
in
into
take action/measures/steps to protect
4.foundation n. 基础;地基
(应用文之学校生活)Senior high school makes my life busy and fulfilled, which, I’m sure, will lay a firm foundation for my future development.
高中使我的生活忙碌而充实,我相信,这将为我未来的发展奠定坚实的基础。
【精要必记】
(1)lay the foundation for 为……奠定基础
(2)found v.创建;建立
(3)founder n.创建者,创办者,发起人
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
_________(found) on October 1, 1949, the New China is becoming more and more
powerful.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
大学四年的学习和生活会为今后的事业奠定基础,把握住这四年就是把握住未来。
Four years of university study and life will __________________________________
and to seize the four years is to grasp the future.
Founded
lay the foundation for future business
5.involve vt. 参与;包含;涉及;需要
(教材原句)It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.正是通过这种令人激动的式共同行动起来,我们可以让成百上千、甚至数百万人参与其中,这将改变世界。
(读后续写之人物描写)Mr Johnson delivered an inspiring speech on behalf of those who were involved in voluntary work.约翰逊先生代表那些参加志愿工作的人发表了鼓舞人心的讲话。
【精要必记】
(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事;把某人牵扯到(做)某事中
involve doing sth.　　 包括做某事;需要做某事
(2)involved adj. 有牵连的;有关的;参与的
get/be involved in... 被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于
be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人混在一起;和某事有密切联系
(3)involvement n. 参与;加入;插手
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①We want to involve as many people as possible ___ the celebration to be held at the
party next weekend.
②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved _________ (spend)
quite a lot of time with students.
③Any friend of Jenny’s would never let her get involved _____ such a stubborn and
selfish fellow!
④They were so deeply _________ (involve) in the matter that they found it hard to
pull out.
in
spending
with
involved
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
(应用文之建议信)我建议你参与团体活动,活动中你能结交新朋友。
→I suggest that you should ______________ group activities where you can make new
friends. (involved)
→I suggest that you should _________________ group activities where you can make
new friends. (involve)
get involved in
involve yourself in
6.You know that all those things are wrong, but so what
你知道那些都是错的,但那又怎样
句型解构
　　本句so what 为省句式,补充完整为So what is it 意为“那有什么了不起 /那又怎么样 ”,指对事情表示不关心或生气地告诉某人事情与自己无关。
*What if I couldn’t start the car
假如车启动不起来,我该怎么办
【精要必记】
英语中常见的省句式有:
　　What if...a.意为“如果……怎么样”,用于提出建议;b.意为“如果……将会怎样”,用于提问将会发生的事,通常是令人不快或惊恐的事情。
　　What for 为什么…… /某物有何用
　　How come意为“为什么,怎么会……”,可以单独出现在对话的语境中,也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①—Do you have any change
—What ____
—I want some coins for the pay phone.
②What ___ anything terrible should happen to the child
for
if
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①如果明天下雨怎么办 我们还会去海滩吗
________ it rains tomorrow Will we still go to the beach
②怎么会呢 我们可以待在家里,在网上看电影。我们的新网络又快又便。
__________ We can stay at home and watch films online.It’s convenient with our new
and fast network.
③你什么时候开始开设这个博客的 目的是什么
When did you start this blog and _________
What if
How come
what for
7.Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
你想让“根与芽”扎根于每个人的心中吗
句型解构
本句中make是使役动词,句中采用了“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构。
*(读后续写之人物描写)The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard.
讲话人提高了声音,但仍不能让别人听见。
*(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities.
旅行促进理解,拓展我们的思维,使我们成为更好的人,促进当地经济和社区的发展。
【精要必记】
make用作使役动词,常跟复合结构,有以下构成式:
(1)make+宾语+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)make+宾语+过去分词
(3)make+宾语+不定式(省to)
【知识深一度】
make作为使役动词,在被动语态中不定式要用带to的不定式(to do), 即 sb. be made to do sth.。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Without their help, I couldn’t have found my parents in such a short time, which
made me ________(excite).
②He could have anything he asked for and was never made ______ (do)anything he
did not like to do.
③The teacher explained the sentence structure again and again to make it
___________(understand) by the students.
excited
to do
understood
【美句·锻造】 翻译句子
①我们英语老师总是让我们感到学英语既轻松又愉快。
_____________________________________________________________________
②我们推选他当我们的足球队队长。
______________________________________
③小男孩站在椅子上,以便被他的父母看见。
____________________________________________________________
Our English teacher always makes us feel it easy and pleasant to learn English.
We made him captain of our football team.
The little boy stood on the chair to make himself seen by his parents.
【要点拾遗】
firm adj. 实的;稳固的 n.商行;公司
(应用文之学校生活)There is no doubt that we must lay a firm foundation for our study.
毋容置疑,在学习上我们必须打下牢固的基础。
(应用文之演讲稿)I firmly believe that as long as we make joint efforts, we can live in harmony with nature.
我坚信,只要我们共同努力,我们就能和大自然和谐相处。
【精要必记】
(1)hold a/the firm belief that　　 坚信……
(2)firmly adv.牢固地;强而有力地;坚决地
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①It is now _______(firm) established as one of the leading brands in the country.
②The villagers held a firm belief _____ the cure for the disease will be found one day.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我坚信,多吃水果和蔬菜对健康有益。
→I ______________________ eating more fruits and vegetables is beneficial/of
benefit to health. (firm)
→I _________________ eating more fruits and vegetables is beneficial/of benefit to
health. (firmly)
firmly
that
hold the firm belief that
firmly believe that
词汇对接高考
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history
and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.
翻译:她解释说,我们正处于历史的“转折点”,必须立即采取行动__________________
______________。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D)Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in
a global reduction in error.
翻译:不知何故,这些论证和推理导致了________________。
以防止人类发生灭
绝级别的事件
错误的面减少
3.(2024·北京高考·阅读理解D)The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care.
翻译:这种机制____________________________,最初用于培养对自我照顾很重要
的习惯。
4.(2023·浙江1月高考· 阅读理解D)Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.
翻译:在过去的几年里,许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各
种传粉媒介的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并______________。
包括一种重新设定的奖励系统
减少了碳排放
5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.
翻译:第一组参加了一个非有氧运动项目——__________和重量训练——每周三
次。
6.(2022·浙江1月高考·阅读理解A)For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist.
翻译:近十年来,梅里贝斯一直是一名自雇的______________。
7.(2022·浙江1月高考·阅读理解A)The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.
翻译:____________,她只得重新找工作。
平衡训练
公司破产了
宠物运输专家
语法知识·精讲点拨
动词-ing和-ed形式(Verb-ing and -ed Forms)
教材自主探究
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能
1.Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
2.One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.
3.Do you want to make Roots&Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
4.Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future
5.It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.
探究:
1.以上句中的Verb-ing形式在句中分别作什么成分
句1:____________;句2:______;句5:acting______;exciting______。
2.以上句中的Verb-ed形式在句中分别作什么成分
句2:______;句3:____________;句4:______。
宾语补足语
定语
宾语
定语
定语
宾语补足语
定语
语法精要点拨
　　Verb-ing形式(现在分词)和Verb-ed 形式(过去分词)在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语,其具体用法如下:
1.作表语
(1)Verb-ed 作表语表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态;而Verb-ing作表语多表示事物具有的特性。
(2)充当表语的词通常加在系动词后面。常见系动词:
一“be”动词:am, is, are, was, were
二“好像”:seem, appear
三“保持”:keep, remain, stay
四“变化”:become, get, turn, grow, go
五“感官”:sound, look, feel, taste, smell
*The story sounds interesting.
这个故事听起来很有趣。
*The situation is quite inspiring.
形势很令人鼓舞。
*The door remained closed.门一直关着。
*He seemed quite satisfied with the result of the test.
他对测验结果似乎很满意。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①We were __________(surprise) at what he said at the meeting.
②It is said that the film being shown in the cinema is ________(excite).
③The expression on her face suggested that she was _________(confuse) at the
decision.
④His great concern for his elderly parents is most _________(touch).
⑤On seeing the fierce dog, the boy became extremely __________(frighten).
surprised
exciting
confused
touching
frightened
2.作定语
Verb-ed形式作定语多表示被动或完成,单个的词作定语往往前置,词组往往后置,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的被动关系;Verb-ing作定语多表示动作的进行或主动,也可指事物的用途,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的主动关系,并且常可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。
*The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。
*This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(=that has ever been written).
这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
*Falling water can be used to generate electricity.
瀑布可以用来发电。
*The girl sitting(=who is sitting) by my side is my daughter.
坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我的女儿。
【知识深一度】
有些过去分词表示特定含义,单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。例如:left(剩余的)、given(所给的)、concerned (有关的)、involved (涉及的)等。
*I’m sending you the book along with the material concerned.
我把书和有关资料一并寄给你。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①Most of the people _______(invite) to my birthday party were my old friends.
②There are many beautifully __________(decorate) houses in this rich area.
③In the _________(follow) years, he worked even harder than ever before.
④Drinking a glass of warm milk before bed has long been the best choice for those
________(want) a good night’s sleep.
⑤She was quite positive about the amount of money _________(involve).
invited
decorated
following
wanting
involved
3.作状语
(1)Verb-ing形式和Verb-ed形式在句中作状语通常作原因、时间、伴随、条件、结果、让步状语等。主语与Verb-ing形式在逻辑上存在主谓关系,主语与Verb-ed形式在逻辑上存在动宾关系。
*Hearing the news, he burst into tears.
听了这个消息,他大哭起来。
*Not knowing how to do it, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何做,他去找父母帮忙。
*The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
那孩子滑倒了,头撞在了门上。
*Encouraged by his teacher’s words,the boy went on with his schoolwork.
在老师的话的鼓舞下,男孩继续做他的功课。
*The old teacher walked into the classroom, surrounded by a group of students.
在一群学生的簇拥下,那位老教师走进了教室。
(2)Verb-ing形式作结果状语时,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,前面经常加only。
*The sun is beginning to rise, making the village bathed in sunlight.
太阳升起来了,整个村庄沐浴着阳光。
*We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.
我们匆忙赶到火车站,结果发现火车刚刚离站。
【知识延伸】
having done是Verb-ing形式的完成时,作状语时,强调动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
*Having lived in Beijing for many years, he knows the city well.
因为在北京住了很多年,他对这个城市很熟悉。
【知识深一度】
Verb-ing 形式和Verb-ed 形式的独立结构
　　Verb-ing 形式短语(现在分词短语)和Verb-ed 形式短语(过去分词短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致,但有时它们可以有自己的独立主语,这种结构被称为独立主格结构。当逻辑主语与其后的动词是主动关系时,用Verb-ing 形式;当逻辑主语与其后的动词是被动关系时,用Verb-ed 形式。
*Time permitting(=If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.
如果时间允许的话,我们明天去郊游。
*There being no taxis (=Because there was no taxis, we had to walk.
没有出租车,我们只好步行。
*The work done(=After the work was done), we went home.
工作完成后,我们就回家了。
*He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed(=and his hands were crossed) under his head.
他躺在草地上,将两手交叉枕在脑后。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①________(turn) to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
②He lay on the grass, ________(stare) at the sky for a long time.
③______(see) from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
④_________(satisfy) with what I did, my teacher praised me in class.
⑤My homework ________(finish), I decided to go out and play.
Turning
staring
Seen
Satisfied
finished
4.作宾语补足语
宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用Verb-ing。 宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系,即动词与宾语的关系,表示被动,用Verb-ed。
(1)用于with复合结构中。
*He sat there with his eyes closed, lost in thought.
他闭着眼睛坐着,陷入了沉思。
*With summer coming, the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
随着夏天的到来,天气越来越热。
(2)用于表示“指使”等意义的动词之后。常见动词有have,set,keep,leave,get等。
*I had my assistant working on the report all night.
我让助手整夜都在处理报告。
*I can’t leave such an important matter unfinished.
我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。
(3)位于感官动词后。常见动词有see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice等。
*I saw him playing soccer when I came here.
当我来这里时,我看见他正在踢足球。
*He heard his name called when he was walking in the park.
他在公园散步时听到有人叫他的名字。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①He felt his heart ________(beat) violently as he walked onto the stage.
②Jack will keep you _________(inform) of what is going on in the lecture hall.
③She kept her son __________(practice) the piano for an hour every day.
④I watched a whole basket of apples ________(throw) into the river.
⑤With exams ____________(approach), it’s a good idea to review your class note.
beating
informed
practicing
thrown
approaching
语法对接高考
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D)______ (use) a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants,
insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global
biodiversity patterns.
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially
when __________ (provide) resources not available in print.
3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)Those who are ________ (dress) inappropriately will be refused
permission to participate.
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷·读后续写)Thankfully, there was a long queue still ________ (wait) to board
the bus.
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)Bring your __________ (complete) Volunteer Agreement Form.
Using
providing
dressed
waiting
completed
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空)In cold weather, the structure ___________ to protect the plants.
在寒冷的天气里,该结构保持关闭以保护植物。
2.(2024·国甲卷·阅读理解B)Animals can express their needs _________________.
动物可以用很多式来表达它们的需求。
3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)Though overtourism is described as a problem __________________
_______, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
虽然过度旅游被描述为影响整个世界的问题,但实际上它集中在少数非常受欢迎的景点。
4.(2024·北京高考·语法填空)And when _______________________, he shared the secret:
moderation.
当被问及他的新称号时,他分享了秘诀:适度。
stays closed
using a lot of ways
affecting the entire
world
asked about his new titleUnit 8　Green Living
Part 2　Lesson 1
必备知识·认知导学
Ⅰ.重点词块—速记
1.be known as “Just-me-ism”　 被称为“自我中心主义”
2.millions of gallons of water 数百万加仑的水
3.an expert on wild chimpanzees 一位野生黑猩猩专家
4.make a dog wag its tail 让狗摇尾巴
5.new green shoots 绿色的新芽
6.can’t be bothered to pick up the litter
懒得捡起垃圾
7.set up an institute 创立一家机构
8.break open brick walls to reach the light 打破砖墙以获得光明
Ⅱ.活用单词—拓展
1.root n.树根;v. (使)生根;扎根于→rooted adj.根深蒂固的;生根的
2.firm adj.实的;稳固的→firmly adv. 牢固地;强而有力地;坚决地
3.found v. 成立;建造;根据→founder n. 创立者,缔造者→foundation n. 基础;地基
4.involve vt.参与;包含→involved adj. 忙于……的;卷入的,参与的→involvement n. 参与;投入
【词缀串记】
-tion常用于动词之后构成名词
found 　　　→foundation 基础;地基
act →action 活动;行动
add →addition 添加;加法
protect →protection 保护;防卫
inspire →inspiration 灵感;鼓舞
Ⅲ.核心短语—互译
1.suffer from 忍受,遭受;患……病;受……之苦
2.say to oneself 心里想;自言自语
3.take action 采取行动;采取措施
4.set up 建立;创建
5.in the early 1990s 在20世纪90年代早期
6.in addition to 除……之外(还有,也)
7.play a role (in) (在……中)扮演角色/起作用
8.make a difference 有影响/起作用
9.leave a light on 让灯亮着
10.can’t be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
11.pick up 捡起;获得;收拾;(汽车;飞机)乘载;不费力地学会;接收信号
12.be committed to 致力于;委身于;以……为己任
13.all around the world 世界
Ⅳ.经典句式—悟通
1.You know that all those things are wrong, but so what (省句)
你知道那些都是不对的,但那又怎么样
2.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people, from pre-schoolers to university students, so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with nature.(动词不定式作表语)
“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人,从学龄前儿童到大学生,使他们能够为创造一个安、与自然和平共处的未来而贡献力量。
3.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems, change the world and make it a better place to live in.(动词不定式作定语)
成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题,改变世界并且使其更加宜居。
4.Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart (make+宾语+宾语补足语)
你想让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗
文本阅读·语篇研析
【新课导入】
Look at the pictures and answer the following questions.
1.What can you learn from the pictures
Due to global warming, the environment is being destroyed. The air is being polluted. Natural disasters like flood, drought, hurricane and so on frequently happen. The sea level is rising gradually.
2.What can we do to solve the problem
On the one hand, the government should make laws to forbid factories to emit poisonous gasses into the air. On the other hand, we individuals should also do our part for the environment by living a green life such as saving energy, using recycled materials, not littering everywhere, etc.
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para.1:What is “(1)Just-me-ism”
Para.2:The (2)establishment of Roots & Shoots.
Paras.3、4:The (3)meaning of its name.
2.What’s the main idea of this passage
　　The passage is mainly about the characteristics, significance and influence of Roots&Shoots,which aims to (1)inspire young people to (2)take action for the environment,animals and their community.
Task 2微观探究·细节理解
Ⅰ. Read Para. 1 carefully and do the following exercises.
1.List three kinds of behaviour representing (体现) “Just-me-ism”.
①Leave the tap running while you brush your teeth.
②Leave a light on when you go out.
③Drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
2.Do you think“Just-me-ism” is harmful Why do you think so
Yes, I think it is harmful, because if we stick to it, a lot of energy would be wasted and a great deal of litter would be dropped.
Ⅱ. Read Para. 2 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.For what purpose was Roots & Shoots was established
To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community.
2.Who is Jane Goodall
She is a world-famous expert on wild chimpanzees who has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection.
Ⅲ. Read Para. 3 carefully and do the following exercise.
Fill in the blanks.
The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.
Ⅳ. Read Para. 4 carefully and choose the best answer.
What is the paragraph mainly about
A.Achievements of Jane Goodall.
B.The purpose of Roots & Shoots.
C.Most people suffer from “Just-me-ism”.
D.Every individual can make a difference to the world.
答案:D
Ⅴ. Read the whole passage again and answer the following question.
What contribution does Roots & Shoots make to society
It helps to change the world and make it a better place to live in.
Task 3阅读升华·拓展思维
1.Why is “Just-me-ism” a problem
Because “Just-me-ism” often shows self-centre, imposing one’s own opinions on others,which can lead to failure in interpersonal communication.
2.What is your explanation for the two quotes from Dr.Jane Goodall
It’s an exciting way to get people to work together to change the world through Roots & Shoots.
Task 4语篇总结·主题深化
　　Most people suffer from 1.what is known as “Just-me-ism”.As a result,they think their actions,for example,leaving the tap 2.running(run) while they brush their teeth,leaving a light on when they go out, dropping a piece of litter and not being bothered 3.to pick(pick) it up,won’t be 4.harmful(harm)to the environment or their community. But,in fact,they will and they could matter.Roots & Shoots 5.was established(establish) in the early 1990s by Dr. Jane Goodall, who’s well-known as 6.an expert on wild chimpanzees. Its purpose is to educate young people to build a future 7.that is secure and live together in peace with nature. The idea is that if you educate enough 8.individuals (individual), they can change the world and make it a 9.better(good) place for people, animals and the environment. Dr. Jane Goodall says: “It is by acting together, 10.in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.”
Task 5长句难句·释疑解难
1.The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation, and shoots seem small and weak, but they can break open brick walls to reach the light.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,because引导原因状语从句,该从句中第一个and连接两个并列分句,在第二个分句中,but连接另外两个并列分句。
[自主翻译]这个组织取名“根与芽”,取意根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础,而芽看起来又小又弱,却可以向着阳光冲破砖墙的阻挡。
2.Dr. Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that: “Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference.”
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,第一个that引导宾语从句,第二个that引导表语从句,而表语从句是由三个简单句组成的。
[自主翻译]珍·古道尔博士认为,最重要的是:“每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。”
核心考点·探究内化
1.root n.树根 v. (使)生根
(读后续写之动作描写)He is pulling the weeds up by the roots in the garden.
他正在把花园里的杂草连根拔起。
【精要必记】
(1)the root of...　　　……的根源
by the roots 连根地
take root 植根;深入人心
(2)root through 翻寻
be rooted to the ground/spot (因害怕、惊吓等)呆住不动
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之动作描写)She rooted through the bag, found what she wanted, headed toward the door and then went out.
②The typhoon pulled up many trees by the roots.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
创业的关键就是你需要有足够的资金,这样你的公司才能有稳定的根基。
The key to starting a business is to have enough financing so that your business can take root.
2.bother vi.&vt. 费心,麻烦;花费时间、精力(做某事) n.麻烦;困难
(教材原句)Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.例如,你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流,外出的时候不关灯,或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。
【精要必记】
(1)bother to do/doing sth.　　费心做某事
bother sb.with/about sth. 因为某事打扰或麻烦某人
It bothers sb. that... 使某人苦恼的是
can’t be bothered to do sth. 懒得做某事
(2)have bother (in) doing sth. 做某事费力
【知识深一度】
　　bother作“麻烦;困难”讲时,是不可数名词;作“令人烦恼的事物;讨厌的人”讲时,是可数名词。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①To my surprise, he didn’t even bother to let/letting(let) me know he was coming to pay a visit to me.
②I don’t know why he bothers me with this kind of small matters.
③It bothered(bother) Steve that he hadn’t found a job that he had been longing for.
④I can’t be bothered to wait(wait) for the bus. Let’s walk to the supermarket.
【美句·锻造】 词汇升级
With the kind boy leading the way, we didn’t have much difficulty (in) finding the old man’s house.
→With the kind boy leading the way, we didn’t have much bother (in) finding the old man’s house.
3.take action 采取行动
(教材原句)To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区,“根与芽”诞生了。
【精要必记】
in action　　　 在运转;在活动中
put/call/bring sth. into action
使……行动起来;使……生效;使……开始工作
take action to do sth.= take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①With the World Cultural Heritage Day coming,we shouldn’t hesitate to call on people to take action to save (save)our treasures.
②He wanted to go there and see the system in action.
③The new plan for traffic control is being put into action on an experimental basis.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
我们必须采取措施保护专利技术。
We have to take action/measures/steps to protect the proprietary technology.
4.foundation n. 基础;地基
(应用文之学校生活)Senior high school makes my life busy and fulfilled, which, I’m sure, will lay a firm foundation for my future development.
高中使我的生活忙碌而充实,我相信,这将为我未来的发展奠定坚实的基础。
【精要必记】
(1)lay the foundation for 为……奠定基础
(2)found v.创建;建立
(3)founder n.创建者,创办者,发起人
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
Founded(found) on October 1, 1949, the New China is becoming more and more powerful.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
大学四年的学习和生活会为今后的事业奠定基础,把握住这四年就是把握住未来。
Four years of university study and life will lay the foundation for future business and to seize the four years is to grasp the future.
5.involve vt. 参与;包含;涉及;需要
(教材原句)It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.正是通过这种令人激动的式共同行动起来,我们可以让成百上千、甚至数百万人参与其中,这将改变世界。
(读后续写之人物描写)Mr Johnson delivered an inspiring speech on behalf of those who were involved in voluntary work.约翰逊先生代表那些参加志愿工作的人发表了鼓舞人心的讲话。
【精要必记】
(1)involve sb.in (doing) sth. 使某人参与(做)某事;把某人牵扯到(做)某事中
involve doing sth.　　 包括做某事;需要做某事
(2)involved adj. 有牵连的;有关的;参与的
get/be involved in... 被卷入……之中;热衷于;专心于
be/get involved with sb./sth. 与某人混在一起;和某事有密切联系
(3)involvement n. 参与;加入;插手
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①We want to involve as many people as possible in the celebration to be held at the party next weekend.
②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved spending (spend) quite a lot of time with students.
③Any friend of Jenny’s would never let her get involved with such a stubborn and selfish fellow!
④They were so deeply involved (involve) in the matter that they found it hard to pull out.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
(应用文之建议信)我建议你参与团体活动,活动中你能结交新朋友。
→I suggest that you should get involved in group activities where you can make new friends. (involved)
→I suggest that you should involve yourself in group activities where you can make new friends. (involve)
6.You know that all those things are wrong, but so what
你知道那些都是错的,但那又怎样
句型解构
　　本句so what 为省句式,补充完整为So what is it 意为“那有什么了不起 /那又怎么样 ”,指对事情表示不关心或生气地告诉某人事情与自己无关。
*What if I couldn’t start the car
假如车启动不起来,我该怎么办
【精要必记】
英语中常见的省句式有:
　　What if...a.意为“如果……怎么样”,用于提出建议;b.意为“如果……将会怎样”,用于提问将会发生的事,通常是令人不快或惊恐的事情。
　　What for 为什么…… /某物有何用
　　How come意为“为什么,怎么会……”,可以单独出现在对话的语境中,也可以在how come后接语序完整的陈述句。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①—Do you have any change
—What for
—I want some coins for the pay phone.
②What if anything terrible should happen to the child
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①如果明天下雨怎么办 我们还会去海滩吗
What if it rains tomorrow Will we still go to the beach
②怎么会呢 我们可以待在家里,在网上看电影。我们的新网络又快又便。
How come We can stay at home and watch films online.It’s convenient with our new and fast network.
③你什么时候开始开设这个博客的 目的是什么
When did you start this blog and what for
7.Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
你想让“根与芽”扎根于每个人的心中吗
句型解构
本句中make是使役动词,句中采用了“动词+宾语+宾语补足语”这一复合结构。
*(读后续写之人物描写)The speaker raised his voice but still couldn’t make himself heard.
讲话人提高了声音,但仍不能让别人听见。
*(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Travel promotes understanding, expands our minds, makes us better people, and boosts local economies and communities.
旅行促进理解,拓展我们的思维,使我们成为更好的人,促进当地经济和社区的发展。
【精要必记】
make用作使役动词,常跟复合结构,有以下构成式:
(1)make+宾语+名词/形容词/副词/介词短语
(2)make+宾语+过去分词
(3)make+宾语+不定式(省to)
【知识深一度】
make作为使役动词,在被动语态中不定式要用带to的不定式(to do), 即 sb. be made to do sth.。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Without their help, I couldn’t have found my parents in such a short time, which made me excited(excite).
②He could have anything he asked for and was never made to do (do)anything he did not like to do.
③The teacher explained the sentence structure again and again to make it understood(understand) by the students.
【美句·锻造】 翻译句子
①我们英语老师总是让我们感到学英语既轻松又愉快。
Our English teacher always makes us feel it easy and pleasant to learn English.
②我们推选他当我们的足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.
③小男孩站在椅子上,以便被他的父母看见。
The little boy stood on the chair to make himself seen by his parents.
【要点拾遗】
firm adj. 实的;稳固的 n.商行;公司
(应用文之学校生活)There is no doubt that we must lay a firm foundation for our study.
毋容置疑,在学习上我们必须打下牢固的基础。
(应用文之演讲稿)I firmly believe that as long as we make joint efforts, we can live in harmony with nature.
我坚信,只要我们共同努力,我们就能和大自然和谐相处。
【精要必记】
(1)hold a/the firm belief that　　坚信……
(2)firmly adv.牢固地;强而有力地;坚决地
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①It is now firmly(firm) established as one of the leading brands in the country.
②The villagers held a firm belief that the cure for the disease will be found one day.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我坚信,多吃水果和蔬菜对健康有益。
→I hold the firm belief that eating more fruits and vegetables is beneficial/of benefit to health. (firm)
→I firmly believe that eating more fruits and vegetables is beneficial/of benefit to health. (firmly)
词汇对接高考
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)She explains we are at a “tipping point” in history and must act now to prevent an extinction-level event for humanity.
翻译:她解释说,我们正处于历史的“转折点”,必须立即采取行动以防止人类发生灭绝级别的事件。
2.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D)Somehow, these arguments and reasoning resulted in a global reduction in error.
翻译:不知何故,这些论证和推理导致了错误的面减少。
3.(2024·北京高考·阅读理解D)The mechanism involves a repurposed reward system originally used to develop habits important for self-care.
翻译:这种机制包括一种重新设定的奖励系统,最初用于培养对自我照顾很重要的习惯。
4.(2023·浙江1月高考· 阅读理解D)Over the past few years, many solar farm developers have transformed the space under their solar panels into a shelter for various kinds of pollinators, resulting in soil improvement and carbon reduction.
翻译:在过去的几年里,许多太阳能农场开发商将太阳能电池板下的空间改造成各种传粉媒介的庇护所,从而改善了土壤并减少了碳排放。
5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)The first group participated in a program of nonaerobic exercise—balance training and weight training—three times a week.
翻译:第一组参加了一个非有氧运动项目——平衡训练和重量训练——每周三次。
6.(2022·浙江1月高考·阅读理解A)For nearly a decade now, Merebeth has been a self-employed pet transport specialist.
翻译:近十年来,梅里贝斯一直是一名自雇的宠物运输专家。
7.(2022·浙江1月高考·阅读理解A)The firm went broke and left her looking for a new job.
翻译:公司破产了,她只得重新找工作。
语法知识·精讲点拨
动词-ing和-ed形式(Verb-ing and -ed Forms)
教材自主探究
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的功能
1.Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
2.One cheered-up person, one happy dog, one flowering plant, and you.
3.Do you want to make Roots&Shoots rooted in everyone’s heart
4.Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future
5.It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.
探究:
1.以上句中的Verb-ing形式在句中分别作什么成分
句1:宾语补足语;句2:定语;句5:acting宾语;exciting定语。
2.以上句中的Verb-ed形式在句中分别作什么成分
句2:定语;句3:宾语补足语;句4:定语。
语法精要点拨
　　Verb-ing形式(现在分词)和Verb-ed 形式(过去分词)在句中可以作表语、定语、状语和宾语补足语,其具体用法如下:
1.作表语
(1)Verb-ed 作表语表示人自身的感受或事物自身的状态;而Verb-ing作表语多表示事物具有的特性。
(2)充当表语的词通常加在系动词后面。常见系动词:
一“be”动词:am, is, are, was, were
二“好像”:seem, appear
三“保持”:keep, remain, stay
四“变化”:become, get, turn, grow, go
五“感官”:sound, look, feel, taste, smell
*The story sounds interesting.
这个故事听起来很有趣。
*The situation is quite inspiring.
形势很令人鼓舞。
*The door remained closed.门一直关着。
*He seemed quite satisfied with the result of the test.
他对测验结果似乎很满意。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①We were surprised(surprise) at what he said at the meeting.
②It is said that the film being shown in the cinema is exciting(excite).
③The expression on her face suggested that she was confused(confuse) at the decision.
④His great concern for his elderly parents is most touching(touch).
⑤On seeing the fierce dog, the boy became extremely frightened(frighten).
2.作定语
Verb-ed形式作定语多表示被动或完成,单个的词作定语往往前置,词组往往后置,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的被动关系;Verb-ing作定语多表示动作的进行或主动,也可指事物的用途,与它所修饰的词往往构成逻辑上的主动关系,并且常可以转化为一个进行时的定语从句。
*The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现正在医院受到良好的照料。
*This will be the best novel of its kind ever written(=that has ever been written).
这将是这类小说中写得最好的。
*Falling water can be used to generate electricity.
瀑布可以用来发电。
*The girl sitting(=who is sitting) by my side is my daughter.
坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我的女儿。
【知识深一度】
有些过去分词表示特定含义,单独作定语也放在被修饰的名词之后。例如:left(剩余的)、given(所给的)、concerned (有关的)、involved (涉及的)等。
*I’m sending you the book along with the material concerned.
我把书和有关资料一并寄给你。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①Most of the people invited(invite) to my birthday party were my old friends.
②There are many beautifully decorated(decorate) houses in this rich area.
③In the following(follow) years, he worked even harder than ever before.
④Drinking a glass of warm milk before bed has long been the best choice for those wanting(want) a good night’s sleep.
⑤She was quite positive about the amount of money involved(involve).
3.作状语
(1)Verb-ing形式和Verb-ed形式在句中作状语通常作原因、时间、伴随、条件、结果、让步状语等。主语与Verb-ing形式在逻辑上存在主谓关系,主语与Verb-ed形式在逻辑上存在动宾关系。
*Hearing the news, he burst into tears.
听了这个消息,他大哭起来。
*Not knowing how to do it, he went to his parents for help.
由于不知如何做,他去找父母帮忙。
*The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door.
那孩子滑倒了,头撞在了门上。
*Encouraged by his teacher’s words,the boy went on with his schoolwork.
在老师的话的鼓舞下,男孩继续做他的功课。
*The old teacher walked into the classroom, surrounded by a group of students.
在一群学生的簇拥下,那位老教师走进了教室。
(2)Verb-ing形式作结果状语时,是随着谓语动词的发生而产生的自然结果,其逻辑主语往往是前面整个句子所描述的情况。而不定式作结果状语时常表示出乎意料的结果,前面经常加only。
*The sun is beginning to rise, making the village bathed in sunlight.
太阳升起来了,整个村庄沐浴着阳光。
*We hurried to the railway station, only to find the train had just left.
我们匆忙赶到火车站,结果发现火车刚刚离站。
【知识延伸】
having done是Verb-ing形式的完成时,作状语时,强调动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
*Having lived in Beijing for many years, he knows the city well.
因为在北京住了很多年,他对这个城市很熟悉。
【知识深一度】
Verb-ing 形式和Verb-ed 形式的独立结构
　　Verb-ing 形式短语(现在分词短语)和Verb-ed 形式短语(过去分词短语)作状语时,其逻辑主语通常与句子的主语一致,但有时它们可以有自己的独立主语,这种结构被称为独立主格结构。当逻辑主语与其后的动词是主动关系时,用Verb-ing 形式;当逻辑主语与其后的动词是被动关系时,用Verb-ed 形式。
*Time permitting(=If time permits), we will go for an outing tomorrow.
如果时间允许的话,我们明天去郊游。
*There being no taxis (=Because there was no taxis, we had to walk.
没有出租车,我们只好步行。
*The work done(=After the work was done), we went home.
工作完成后,我们就回家了。
*He was lying on the grass, his hands crossed(=and his hands were crossed) under his head.
他躺在草地上,将两手交叉枕在脑后。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①Turning(turn) to the left, you will find the path leading to the school.
②He lay on the grass, staring(stare) at the sky for a long time.
③Seen(see) from the top of the hill,the town looks more beautiful.
④Satisfied(satisfy) with what I did, my teacher praised me in class.
⑤My homework finished(finish), I decided to go out and play.
4.作宾语补足语
宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,用Verb-ing。 宾语补足语与宾语是逻辑上的动宾关系,即动词与宾语的关系,表示被动,用Verb-ed。
(1)用于with复合结构中。
*He sat there with his eyes closed, lost in thought.
他闭着眼睛坐着,陷入了沉思。
*With summer coming, the weather is becoming hotter and hotter.
随着夏天的到来,天气越来越热。
(2)用于表示“指使”等意义的动词之后。常见动词有have,set,keep,leave,get等。
*I had my assistant working on the report all night.
我让助手整夜都在处理报告。
*I can’t leave such an important matter unfinished.
我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。
(3)位于感官动词后。常见动词有see,hear,feel,smell,watch,notice等。
*I saw him playing soccer when I came here.
当我来这里时,我看见他正在踢足球。
*He heard his name called when he was walking in the park.
他在公园散步时听到有人叫他的名字。
即学活用 单句语法填空
①He felt his heart beating(beat) violently as he walked onto the stage.
②Jack will keep you informed(inform) of what is going on in the lecture hall.
③She kept her son practicing(practice) the piano for an hour every day.
④I watched a whole basket of apples thrown(throw) into the river.
⑤With exams approaching(approach), it’s a good idea to review your class note.
语法对接高考
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解D)Using (use) a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants, insects, birds, and animals, Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)Digital texts, audio and video all have educational roles, especially when providing (provide) resources not available in print.
3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)Those who are dressed (dress) inappropriately will be refused permission to participate.
4.(2024·新高考Ⅰ、Ⅱ卷·读后续写)Thankfully, there was a long queue still waiting (wait) to board the bus.
5.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)Bring your completed (complete) Volunteer Agreement Form.
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·语法填空)In cold weather, the structure stays closed to protect the plants.
在寒冷的天气里,该结构保持关闭以保护植物。
2.(2024·国甲卷·阅读理解B)Animals can express their needs using a lot of ways.
动物可以用很多式来表达它们的需求。
3.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots.
虽然过度旅游被描述为影响整个世界的问题,但实际上它集中在少数非常受欢迎的景点。
4.(2024·北京高考·语法填空)And when asked about his new title, he shared the secret: moderation.
当被问及他的新称号时,他分享了秘诀:适度。Unit 8　Green Living
Part 1　Topic Talk
情境活动·听说演练
Ⅰ.话题词汇
1.leave the tap running　　 让水龙头开着
2.use less tissue paper 少用纸巾
3.smog and air pollution 雾霾和空气污染
4.used batteries 废电池
5.live a low-carbon life 过低碳生活
6.the ocean floor 海底
7.sandstorms and deserts 沙尘暴和沙漠
8.use less electricity 少用电
9.more public transport 更多公共运输式
10.recycle plastic 回收利用塑料
11.at my flat 在我的公寓
Ⅱ.拓展词汇
1.globe n. 地球;地球仪→global adj.球的,世界的
2.industry n. 工业→industrial adj. 工业的
3.extinct adj. 灭绝的,消失的→extinction n. 灭绝
4.solve vt. 解决→solution n. 解决,解决办法
5.balance n. 平衡→balanced adj 平衡的,均衡的
Ⅲ.根据情境和提示完成对话
W: I’ve finally finished my work today. James, can you give me a cup, please I want to drink some water.
M: OK. Here you are. Oh, wait. Use this one, please.
W:1.Why can’t I use that one(为什么我不能用那个)
M: That cup is made of seaweed. If you use it to hold hot water, it’ll be damaged and I’m afraid you’ll get scalded.
W: Then why did you buy such cups
M: You know I 2.care about the environment(关心环境) very much. Now we produce too much waste every day. Different from plastic and paper cups, this kind of cups can disappear within thirty days outdoors and they do no harm to soil.I think it’s 3.a good way to reduce pollution(一个减少污染的好法).
W:That’s amazing. Could you go to the supermarket with me tomorrow I want to buy some such cups, too.
M: OK.I didn’t know you also care about the environment.
W: Well,I think we all should do what we can to 4.live in harmony with nature(与自然和谐相处).
M: I can’t agree more.
核心考点·探究内化
1.extinction n. 灭绝
(应用文之建议信)In order to protect the wildlife from extinction, I suggest that we should set up some special zones for wildlife.
为了保护野生动物免于灭绝,我建议我们应该设立一些野生动物保护区。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to the government to take effective measures to preserve the rare animal from becoming extinct.我呼吁政府采取有效措施保护这种稀有动物免于灭绝。
【精要必记】
(1)protect...from extinction 保护……免于灭绝
in danger of extinction 濒临灭绝
(2)extinct adj.已灭绝的;绝迹的;消亡了的
become extinct 灭绝;绝种
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
Already well over 400 of the total of 6,800 languages are close to extinction(extinct), with only a few elderly speakers left.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①不幸的是,越来越多的野生动物濒临灭绝。
Unfortunately, there are more and more wild animals in danger of extinction.
②如果目前的趋势继续发展下去,这种树或许在这个十年末灭绝。
If the present trend continues, such kind of trees may become extinct by the end of this decade.
2.solution n. 解决办法
(读后续写之人物描写)He put forward a solution to noise pollution, which was highly thought of by people.
他提出了一个解决噪音污染的办法,受到了人们的高度评价。
(应用文之人物介绍)She is kind as well as smart, often helping other classmates solve difficult maths problems.
她既聪明又善良,经常帮助其他同学解决数学难题。
【精要必记】
(1)solution to...　　　解决……的法
(2)solve vt.解决;解答
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①However, the solution (solve) to any problem begins with a step in a direction.
②You’ll feel a lot better about yourself if you work on solutions to your upsetting situations in an effective way.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①工作小组将寻求切实可行的案,以解决严重的雾霾问题。
The working group will be looking for practical solutions to the serious smog problems.
②指望他们能够立即解决问题是不现实的。
It is unrealistic to expect them to be able to solve the problem immediately.
3.balance n.平衡 v.(使)平衡;权衡
(应用文之演讲稿)Wild animals are a part of nature and of great importance to ecological balance.
野生动物是自然的一部分,对生态平衡非常重要。
(读后续写之动作描写)He lost his balance and fell off the ladder.
他失去了平衡,从梯子上掉了下来。
【精要必记】
(1)keep/lose one’s balance 保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
on balance 总的来说
(2)balance...against... 权衡/比较……与……
(3)balanced adj. 平衡的,均衡的
a balanced diet 均衡饮食
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Before making the final decision, you’d better balance the advantages against the disadvantages.
②On balance, the book is a friendly, down-to-earth introduction to the history of China.
③(应用文之建议信)It would be a good idea if you could keep a balanced (balance) diet to keep physically healthy.
④You have to maintain a balance of $10,000 in the account. (balance n. 余额)
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
(应用文之建议信)为了更有效地学习,你最好在线上学习和线下学习之间保持平衡。
To study more efficiently, you’d better keep a balance between online learning and offline learning.
4.do my part for sth. 尽自己所能做某事
(应用文之演讲稿)I’m thankful for the chance to do my part, and make tomorrow better with everyone.
我对能有机会发挥自己的作用,和大家一起把明天建设得更好而感激不尽。
(读后续写之心理描写)That’s when it dawned on me that I had to do my part for the family.
就在那时,我意识到我必须为这个家庭尽我的一份力量。
【精要必记】
do/try one’s best to do sth. 尽力而为,竭尽所能
make every effort to do sth. 尽一切努力做某事
do everything/ what sb. can to do sth. 尽力做某事
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①I’m more than delighted to do my part for the welfare of the whole community.
②Dear classmates, let’s start now and make every effort to protect(protect)animals—our good friends!
③I will do what I can to help her with the task.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我会尽我的最大努力学好英语。
→I’ll do/try my best to learn English well.
→I’ll make every effort to learn English well.
→I’ll do everything/ what I can to learn English well.
【要点拾遗】
1.transport n. 交通运输系统,运输式 vt. 运输,运送
(应用文之人物介绍)He has a strong sense of environmental protection and the bike is his main means of transport.
他有很强的环保意识,自行车是他的主要交通工具。
(读后续写之动作描写)The trucks are transporting the products of the company to different supermarkets.
卡车正将公司的产品运送到不同的超市。
【精要必记】
(1)transport sb./sth. from...to... 把某人/某物从……运送到……
(2)transportation　　 n. 运输,运送
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①In some cases, water is so scarce that farmers break open sewage pipes transporting waste to local rivers.
②A business professor says that a future city should have easy access to global transportation (transport), which can bring great convenience to people’s life.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
交通非常拥堵,所以很难按时将货物从商店送到客户的家中。
Traffic was very heavy, so it was difficult to transport the goods from the store to customers’ houses on time.
2.fight against与……作斗争
(读后续写之人物描写)However, my dad was positive and brave, actively cooperating with medical staff to fight against the illness.
然而,我的爸爸是积极和勇敢的,积极配合医务人员与疾病作斗争。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to everyone to do our part to fight for clean environment.
我呼吁每个人都尽自己的一份力量,为干净的环境而战。
【精要必记】
fight for　　　　为……而战
fight with 与……并肩作战;与……作斗争
fight about... 为……而争论
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Scientists think that they are beginning to break through to fight against cancer.
②People from different countries should fight with each other for a peaceful world.
③He and his wife are always fighting about who will do the washing.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
第二次世界大战中美国联合英、法两国对德作战。
During the Second World War, America fought with Britain and France against Germany. (共6张PPT)
学习目标·素养导向
主题阅读·话题导入
Unit 8　Green Living
主题语境:人与自然之绿色生活
学习目标·素养导向
主题阅读·话题导入
【单元名句赏析】
1.Only to obey nature in order to overcome nature.
—Darwin
要征服自然就只能遵从自然。
——达尔文
2.Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.
—Gandhi
地球所提供的足以满足每个人的需要,但不足以填满每个人的欲望。
——甘地
【主题语段赏记】
1.There are many pollutants that pollute the environment around us, such as waste plastic bags, waste batteries, disposable lunch boxes and so on. There is no doubt that such pollutants do great harm to the environment.
2.We should take action immediately to protect the environment, which involves driving less, traveling green, planting more trees, etc.
3.To sum up, everyone can do their part for environmental protection by doing ordinary things like turning off lights to save electricity, using recycled paper and picking up litter.(共71张PPT)
必备知识·认知导学
文本阅读·语篇研析
核心考点·探究内化
Unit 8　Green Living
Part 3　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
语法知识·精讲点拨
必备知识·认知导学
Ⅰ.重点词块—速记
1.the Student Union　　　 学生_______
2.on the headstone of Yi Jiefang’s son 在易杰芳儿子的______上
3.pedal one’s way _____
4.make a big ______ 获得丰厚的利润
5.the shark attacks that _________ recently 最近发生的鲨鱼袭击事件
6.spread in the _______ 在该地区蔓延
7.at an alarming _____ 以惊人的比率/速度
8.a poem too long to ______ 一首长得无法引用的诗
联合会
墓碑
骑行
profit
occurred
region
rate
quote
9.__________ his fears 战胜他的恐惧
10.her ________ friends 她以前的朋友
11.an _________ house 一座普通的房子
12.follow a _____ through the trees 沿着林间小路走
13.arrive at their ___________ 到达了他们的目的地
overcome
former
ordinary
path
destination
Ⅱ.活用单词—拓展
1. ______v.张贴,公布→_______n.海报
2. _______v. 创办;建造→_________n.创办人,创始者→___________n.基础;根据;创立
3. _________v. 组织,筹备→ __________n.组织者,安排者
→organised adj.有组织的;做事有条理的→organisation n.组织;机构;团体
4. ________v.使满意,使满足 n.目录;内容;满意
→__________adj.满意的;满足的→contentedly adv.满足地;安心地
5. ____________n.农业→agricultural adj. 农业的,与农业有关的
post
poster
found
founder
foundation
organise
organiser
content
contented
agriculture
6. _________v.提议,建议→_________n.建议,提议
7. ______adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的
→slimming n.减肥,减轻体重 adj.减轻体重的,减肥的
8. ________v.幸存;比……活得久→_________n.继续生存,幸存
→survivor n.(灾难性事故中的)幸存者,生还者
9. ___________v.决定;确定→determined adj.下定决心的,坚定的
→______________n.决心;毅力
propose
proposal
slim
survive
survival
determine
determination
Ⅲ.核心短语—互译
1. ___________________　因为;由于
2. ___________________ 受……欢迎
3. _____________ 调整(情绪)
4. _____________ 想出,想到
5. ________________ 对……产生影响
6.come up ____________
7.in a matter of ______________________
8.put forward ____________
9.keep a record of ____________________________
because of/thanks to
become popular with
work through
come up with
have an effect on
走近;被提出
大约;只不过;在……之内
提出;推举出
把……记录下来;保持……记录
Ⅳ.经典句式—悟通
1.The group ________________________________and placed them in many areas
around Amsterdam ________________.(形容词作宾语补足语,介词短语作状语)
这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地供人们使用。
2.People would leave the bike in the place ______________________________,
____________________________________________________.(where引导定语从句,
so that 引导目的状语从句)
人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能继续使用。
painted hundreds of bicycles white
for people to use
where they finished their journey
so that someone else could then take it and use it from there
文本阅读·语篇研析
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para.1:The reason of the “white bikes”‘s (1) ___________in Amsterdam.
Para.2:The (2) ________of the “white bikes”‘s concept.
Para.3:The “white bikes”‘s (3)_______.
Paras.4—6:The “white bikes”‘s (4)_________ on the globe,especially in China.
popularity
source
return
influence
2.What’s the main idea of this passage
This passage is mainly about the development process of “___________” in Amsterdam
and its influence on the world, especially in China.
white bikes
【阅读策点拨】
了解事件的发展
　　事件的发展讲述了一个事件如何跟随另一个事件创造一个特定的情境。
·找出事件的起点;
·找出事件发生的时间和地点;
·找出发展中出现的问题以及发展的后果。
Task 2微观探究·细节理解
Ⅰ. Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise.
List the reasons why Amsterdam is good for cycling.
①It is flat.
②There are plenty of places for bicycle parking.
③Most streets in its city centre have a bicycle path.
Ⅱ. Read Para.2 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.For what purpose were bicycles used in Amsterdam
To save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
2.Where would people leave the bike
They would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey.
3.Why did free use of bicycles fail then
Because thieves stole all the bicycles within a few weeks.
Ⅲ. Read Para.3 carefully and fill in the blanks.
1.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam with a ________________________
to record their every move.
2.To use a bike, you had to put in a special _____.
3.People who used the bikes had to take them to a special parking place near their
___________ and leave them there.
computer tracking system
card
destination
Ⅳ. Read Para.4 carefully and judge the following statement true or false.
Thanks to the efforts of the cycling fans of the 1960s, you can now enjoy clean air and
easy transport in central Amsterdam. ( )
Ⅴ. Read Para.5 carefully and fill in the blank.
Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world and there
has been a global increase in ____________.
False
bike-sharing
Ⅵ.Read Para.6 carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What does the word “theft” probably mean
A.Borrowing.　　　 B.Renting.
C.Stealing.　　 D.Repairing.
2.What is the last paragraph about
A.The current situation and future of shared bikes in China.
B.The problem of shared bikes.
C.The benefits of shared bikes.
D.The master of shared bikes.
Ⅶ.Read the whole passage and choose the best answer.
What’s the author’s attitude towards bike-sharing
A.Supporting. B.Opposed.
C.Unclear. D.Neutral.
Task 3语篇总结·主题深化
　　The idea of “white bikes” 1. _______(begin) about 50 years ago, and ever since
then, people in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling. Flat and therefore
convenient for bikes, Amsterdam is a good city for cycling. Because of its
2. ____________(convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with
cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips 3. __________(make) by bike. That’s why it gets
the nickname “the City of Bicycles”.
began
convenience
are made
　　In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 4. _____it would be
better for both people and the environment if only bicycles were allowed in the city
centre. They painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around
Amsterdam 5. _____people to use. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white
bikes” all disappeared—6. ________(thief) stole them all in a matter of weeks! 7. _____
in 1999 the “white bikes” returned with a computer tracking system to record their every
move! Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and
easy transport in 8. ________(centre) Amsterdam.
that
for
thieves
But
central
　　Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled 9. ____(it) way around the world.
In China, more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes. Both the
locals and tourists like to use 10. ________(share) bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap
and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of
exercise in cities.
its
shared
Task 4长句难句·释疑解难
1.They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city
centre and only bicycles were.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,that引导______从句,该从句中if引导__________从句。
[自主翻译]_____________________________________________________________
__________
宾语
条件状语
他们认为,如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车,这会让所有人
都受益。
2.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that
someone else could then take it and use it from there.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,where引导______从句,修饰place,so that引导_________
从句。
[自主翻译]________________________________________________________
定语
目的状语
人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能够继续使用。
Task 阅读升华·拓展思维
1.What effects have “white bikes”had on Amsterdam
People can enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
2.Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years
In my opinion,the reasons are as follows:First,it can reduce pollution and protect the environment.Second,it is more convenient when you are stuck in the traffic jam.Third,it can build our body and save money.
核心考点·探究内化
1.occur vi. 发生;出现
(应用文之建议信)Keep a notebook at hand to write down the questions as they occur.
手边放个笔记本,以便有问题时随时记下。
(读后续写之心理描写)It suddenly occurred to me that I should buy a birthday present for my mother.
我突然想到,应该给母亲买个生日礼物。
【精要必记】
sth. occurs/occurred to sb.　 某事被某人想起
It occurs/occurred to sb. that... 某人想起……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事
[易混辨析]
词形 词义 搭 配
occur 发生 指“发生”时,可与happen换用,但后接to sb./sth.时,两者含义不同; it/sth. occurs to sb. that=it/sth. strikes/hits sb. that指“某种思想等呈现于某人的头脑中”
happen 偶然发生, 碰巧 指“偶然发生”时,主语为“事”;当主语为“人”时,意为“碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.指“不好的事情发生在某人(物)身上”
take place 发生,举行 某种活动 可与happen或occur换用,但其后一般不接to sb./sth.结构;指“必然会发生的事情”时,多用take place;此外take place还可表示“举行某种活动”
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The crash __________(occur) when the crew shut down the wrong engine.
②Suddenly a good idea occurred ___ him and he immediately shared it with other
members of the team.
③On my way to work, ___ occurred to me that I had left my smartphone on the sofa.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
她突然意识到钱并不能弥补鲍勃在过去五年中所遭受的一切。
_____________________________money couldn’t make up for all that Bob had
suffered in the past five years.
occurred
to
it
It suddenly occurred to her that
【补偿训练】
1.完成句子
①昨天晚上我去拜访他时,他碰巧不在家。
Yesterday evening, when I paid a visit to him, he __________________.
②在去超市的路上,我突然想起我忘记带钱包了。
On the way to the supermarket, ______________________________________I had
forgotten to take the wallet.
③讲座将于明天上午8点钟在体育馆举行。
The lecture ________________________at 8:00 tomorrow morning.
happened to be out
it suddenly occurred to/struck/hit me that
will take place in the gym
2.单句语法填空
①It would be unfortunate if something occurred ___ curtail our partnership.
②If we had been spotted at that point, I don’t know what would have happened ___ us.
③I happened ________(meet) a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
to
to
to meet
2.proposal n. 建议,提议
(教材原句)The local government agreed with her proposal to plant one million trees in the region over ten years.
当地政府同意了她的建议,在十年内在该地区种植一百万棵树。
【精要必记】
(1)propose　　　　　　 v.提议,建议;求婚
propose to do/doing sth. 建议/打算/计划做某事
propose that...(should) do... 建议……
(2)It is proposed that... 有人提议……
【知识深一度】
propose后跟宾语从句,或proposal用于名词性从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“should+
动词原形”表示虚拟,should可以省。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①It’s still far from clear what action the government proposes _______________(deal)
with the affair.
②The _________(propose) put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully
automatic driving.
③They proposed that firecrackers ____________________(forbid) in downtown areas.
to deal/dealing
proposal
(should) be forbidden
【美句·锻造】 句型转换/词汇升级
①People propose that another hospital should be built in the city.
→__________________another hospital should be built in the city.
②I suggest going to an early film and having dinner afterwards.
→I ________ going to an early film and having dinner afterwards.
It is proposed that
propose
3.survival n. 继续生存,幸存
(教材原句)Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
现在树的存活率为85%。
(读后续写之新闻描写)Unfortunately, only two passengers survived the accident.
不幸的是,只有两名乘客在事故中幸存。
【精要必记】
(1)survive 　　　　vt.幸存;生还;幸免于难;比……活得长 vi.幸存;活下来
survive sth. 在……之后仍然幸存
survive sb. (by...) 比……活得长
survive on 靠……存活下来
survive from 从……流传/留存下来
(2)survivor n.幸存者
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The video of a quake _________(survive) searching for the army officer who saved his
life 10 years ago has attracted much attention on China’s social media.
②We should take action to protect the endangered animals for their _________(survive).
③Such kind of animals can survive ____ a wide range of food sources.
④It was one of the greatest books to survive ______ the ancient world.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
那个老太太比她的丈夫多活了20年。
The old lady _______________________twenty years.
survivor
survival
on
from
survived her husband by
4.determination n. 决心;毅力
(教材原句)She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son’s dreams a reality.
为了使儿子的梦想变为现实,她用她的毅力产生了巨大的影响。
【精要必记】
(1)with determination　　 坚决地;果断地
(2)determined adj.有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
(3)determine vt. 确定,决定;使下定决心
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 　　 决定(做)某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine+that/wh-从句 决定……
知识宽一度
“决定做某事”的表达式还有:decide to do sth.、make a decision to do sth.、make up one’s mind to do sth.等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①He determined _________(reach) the destination before sunset.
②She was full of ______________(determine) to achieve her goals.
③______ determination, we can achieve anything we set our minds to.
to reach
determination
With
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我已决定大学毕业后开办自己的公司。
→I _______________________my own company after graduating from college.
(determine to do)
→I _______________________________my own company after graduating from
college. (determine on/upon)
→I ____________________________my own company after graduating from college.
(determine that...)
have determined to start
have determined on/upon starting
have determined that I’ll start
5.work through 调整(情绪)
(教材原句)How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son’s death
儿子去世后,易杰芳是如何熬过悲伤的
【精要必记】
work out　　锻炼身体,做运动;解决,解答;计算出;产生结果,发展;制订出
work on 从事……,继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
out of work 失业
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①If I choose to work ____ other projects in my own time, then I say that is my business.
②Life is full of concerns, but you should try to work ________ them.
③She determines to work ____ regularly to stay in shape.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
他失业后很快就找到了一份工作。
He found a job soon after he _______________.
on
through
out
was out of work
6.come up with 想出,想到
(教材原句)In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
20世纪60年代,一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
(读后续写之动作描写)He came up to me and said, “Come on, John.”他走到我跟前说:“快点,约翰。”
【精要必记】
(1)come up　 被提出;走近;上升;发芽
come about 发生
come on 来吧;赶快;进行
come out 出版;出来;出现;结果是
come across (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解
(2)when it comes to... 当谈到……时
【知识深一度】
　　come up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,而come up with的主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”。
【活用·练透】 用come有关短语填空
①How does it ____________that you didn’t report this to us in time
②A number of questions _________at the meeting yesterday.
③All we have to do is think a little harder and _____________a new solution to the
tough problem.
④That magazine ___________once a month.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
当你遇到一个新词时,看看你是否可以从上下文猜想它的意思。
When you ______________________, see if you can guess its meaning from the
context.
come about
came up
come up with
comes out
come across a new word
7.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹,这次车上安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”!
句型解构
本句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”组成的with复合结构。
*(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.
最后,在只剩下两分钟的时候,我们驶进了汽车站。
*I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在我的房间里坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板。
【精要必记】
with复合结构
with+宾语+
【知识深一度】
　　在with复合结构中,动词-ing形式表示该动作正在进行,和宾语之间是主动关系;动词-ed形式表示该动作已经完成,和宾语之间是被动关系;不定式表示将来的动作。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①With the tall boy _______(sit) in front of me, I couldn’t see the words clearly on the
blackboard.
②He had to ride his bike to work with his car __________(damage) seriously.
③With a lot of work ______(do), I wasn’t allowed to go out to play basketball.
sitting
damaged
to do
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①昨天晚上他太累了, 灯没关就睡着了。
Last night, he was so tired that he fell asleep _______________.
②孩子们正在堆雪人,双手冻得通红。
The children were making a snowman ___________________________.
③餐厅里一片狼藉,桌子上都是脏碗碟。
The dining hall was in a mess __________________________.
④成功完成任务后,他们高兴地回家了。
_______________________________, they went home happily.
with the light on
with their hands red and cold
with dirty dishes on the table
With the task finished successfully
【要点拾遗】
1.contented adj. 满意的;满足的
(教材原句)Ms Yi has a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
易女士过着心满意足的生活,直到一件可怕的事情发生,改变了她的生活。
(读后续写之神态描写)The teacher was content with Jack’s answer and nodded with a smile.
老师对杰克的回答很满意,微笑着点了点头。
图解助记
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①He is content ________(help) me out whenever I get into trouble and turn to him.
②We should learn to be content ______what we have now and appreciate the benefits of
simplicity.
③He wisely contented ________(him) with his family and his love of nature.
④Carefully and ___________ (content), I looked at my big girls, confirming that they
wanted to express their thanks to me.
⑤I believe that relationships are key to leading a fulfilling and __________(content) life.
to help
with
himself
contentedly
contented
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
你既然选择了这个清贫的行业, 就要满足于它。
→Now that you have chosen this poor industry, you should _______________it.
(content adj.)
→Now that you have chosen this poor industry, you should ____________________
it.(content v.)
be content with
content yourself with
2.rate n. 比率,率
At this rate it would be lucky for them to get home before eight thirty.
照此情形,他们能在8点半之前到家就算幸运了。
(读后续写之心理描写)At any rate, I would pass the driving test this time.
无论如何,这次我要通过驾照考试。
【精要必记】
at a/the rate of　 以……的速度;按……的比率
at this/that rate 照此情形;如此下去
at any rate 无论如何,不管怎样
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①不管怎样,还是要代表所有人感谢你为我们所做的一切。
___________, thank you for all you have done for us on behalf of all the people.
②照此情形,一些稀有动物在不久的将来会消失。
_______________, some rare animals will disappear in the near future.
③汽车正以每小时40英里的速度行驶。
The car is going _____________40 miles an hour.
At any rate
At this/that rate
at the rate of
词汇对接高考
1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in
college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.
在大学____________、医学和渔业之后,约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活
中。
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)Reading researchers have proposed a theory called
“shallowing hypothesis”.
阅读研究人员____________叫做“肤浅假设”的______。
学习了农业
提出了一种
理论
3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.
你的旅不会是一条____________。
4.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解A)Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food
lovers.
曼谷是美食爱好者__________________。
笔直的道路
非常向往的目的地
5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted
as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations.
这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的____________,而且他们总是超出房主的预期。
6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)As a special education teacher at the school, I was
familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
作为学校的一名特殊教育老师,我熟悉大卫所面临的挑战,并为他的__________感到
骄傲。
成功率很高
坚定决心
语法知识·精讲点拨
一词多性
教材自主探究
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体单词的词性和词义
1.The bikes were parked at special parking places.
2.However, problems can also develop, like the theft of bikes and parking issues.
3.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
4.Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
探究:
1.句1中的parked为______,意为:______。
2.句1和句2中的parking是______,意为:__________。
3.句3中的 returned为______,意为:______。
4.句4中的 return是______,意为:______。
动词
停车
名词
停车,泊车
动词
回来
名词
回归
语法精要点拨
　　一词多性是英语词汇含义变化的基本特征,是指通过改变一些词,尤其是一些熟词的词性而发生意义的变化。英语中一词多性的单词有很多,以下列举一些。
1.address n.地址 vt.演讲
He is due to address a conference on human rights next week.他下周要在一个人权会议上发言。
2.book n.书 vt.预订
You’d better book a ticket in advance if you want to watch the movie.
如果你想看那部电影,你最好提前订票。
3.change n.&v.改变,变化 n.零钱
I didn’t have any change in my pockets.
我兜里没有一点零钱。
4.express vt.表达 n.快车
The 8:00 am express to Beijing is always crowded.
上午8点开往北京的快车总是很拥挤。
5.head n.头部;首脑 vi.朝……前进
We decided to head for home.我们决定回家。
即学活用 写出下列句子中加黑词的词性及汉语意思
1.We’ll back you all the way on this matter. ________
2.The teacher was cross with Tim for his being late for class. ___________
3.She was sent to Paris to cover the Olympic Games. ________
4.He didn’t desert his wife and children just because he became rich. ________
5.As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars. ________
6.He got a $50 fine for speeding. ________
vt. 支持
adj. 生气的
vt. 报道
vt. 抛弃
vt. 递给
n. 罚款
7.The furniture and the room match perfectly. ______________
8.I met her while I was on leave. ________
9.She rushed home to nurse her daughter back to health. ________
10.He presented a gold medal to the winner. ________
vi. 与……相配
n. 休假
vt. 照料
vt. 颁发
语法对接高考
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑词的词性及汉语意思
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C)About half of them walk or bike to work.
___________
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)And are listening to and viewing content as effective
as reading the written word when covering the same material ________
vi.骑自行车
vt. 涉及
3.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解D)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into
Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the
same: a grizzly bear. ____________
4.(2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled
up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. ________
vi. 蜂拥而至
vi. 拍照
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)When I was about to give up, Gunter _____________
____________and rang up a friend.
正当我要放弃的时候,冈特掏出他的小电话,给一个朋友打了个电话。
2.(2024·北京高考·阅读理解B)For the art O-level exam I had to ______________
_________.
为了美术考试,我必须提交一幅油画。
fished out his
little phone
present an oil
painting
3.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解B)So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and
repaint a room to _________________when I’ve moved out.
所以,当我搬出去时,知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免产生任何费用是很
有用的。
4.(2023·国乙卷·阅读理解A)Tan treated women ___________________.
谭为各行各业的妇女治病。
5.(2023·国乙卷·七选五)Several studies have ______________and found that indoor
plants can improve creativity, focus and memory.
几项研究支持了这一点,并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。
avoid any charges
from all walks of life
backed this up(共52张PPT)
书面表达·思维导引
阅读体验·能力深化
核心考点·探究内化
Unit 8　Green Living
Part 4　Writing Workshop & Viewing Workshop
& Reading Club
书面表达·思维导引
如何写调查报告(How to write a survey report)
【文本研读】
Task 1文本概览·厘清结构
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
2.Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic through a (1) ________of the city officials.
Paragraphs 2、3: Present the (2) ________of the survey.
Paragraph 4: Make a (3) __________of the survey.
survey
results
summary
Task 2佳句品味·体会表达
写调查报告的句子:
1.Here are the results.
2.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.
3.Unfortunately, not as many who took part had taken action to save water and energy in their homes.
4.To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
【写作指导】
1.题型解读
①调查报告类写作常用“文字提示+表格或图表”的形式来命题,一般包括四个面的内容,即调查的原因(时间、地点、对象等)、调查的过、调查的结果以及得出的结论或个人观点或解决问题的建议。
②调查报告通常为提纲式半开放性写作,以一般现在时为主,人称主要为第三和第一人称。
2.锦囊妙计
调查报告的目的是将调查结果呈现给他人,所以行文时应站在读者的角度去思考,重点放在如何清晰地表述信息。
【语料积累】
1.教材词汇
(1)global 　　　 adj. 球的,世界的
(2)solution n. 解决办法
(3)recycle vi.&vt. 再利用,回收利用
(4)balance n. 平衡
(5)involve vt. 参与;包含
(6)take action 采取行动
(7)come up with 想出,想到
2.常用词块
(1)take part in/join in　　　　 参加
(2)the majority of... 大多数……
(3)make proper use of 合理利用
(4)take steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
(5)be responsible for/take responsibility for 对……负责任
(6)in addition/what’s more 此外,而且
(7)as far as I’m concerned/in my opinion/from my point of view 就我而言
(8)to sum up/in summary/on balance/all in all/to conclude/in conclusion 总之
3.话题句式
(1)开篇常用句型:
①Recently we have had a heated discussion about whether our parents should accompany us studying at school.
最近,我们就父母是否应该陪我们上学展开了热烈的讨论。
②According to the pie chart, students have a variety of ways to ease their stress.
根据饼状图,学生有各种各样的法来缓解他们的压力。
(2)主体段落常用句型:
①The results are as follows.结果如下。
②We do have different opinions on this matter.
在这件事上我们确实有不同的意见。
③As is shown in the chart, about 40% of students choose to listen to music, while 25% of them prefer to do physical exercise to make themselves relaxed.
如图所示,大约40%的学生选择听音乐放松自己,而25%的学生更喜欢做体育锻炼来放松自己。
④Most of/The majority of us hold the opinion that parents should accompany us studying at school.
我们中大多数人认为父母应该陪我们在学校学习。
(3)结尾常用句型:
①As far as I’m concerned, it’s not easy for our parents to make money and keep us at school for education.
就我而言,我们的父母挣钱让我们上学不容易。
②In my opinion, I support the former idea for our parents can encourage us to overcome difficulties.
在我看来,我支持前一种观点,因为我们的父母可以鼓励我们克服困难。
③From my point of view, interest is the most important of all.
在我看来,兴趣是最重要的。
【实践应用】
　　假定你是李华,最近学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动,针对同学们对于此次活动的态度你在班里做了一次调查。请根据表格信息,用英语写一篇调查报告向校英语报投稿。
注意:词数80个左右。
观点 比例 理 由
支持 70% 1.汽车带来了空气污染和交通堵塞等问题
2.骑自行车的益处:节能环保等
反对 30% 骑自行车上学浪费时间且不安
写作思维流
Step 1:谋篇布局
Step 2:遣词造句
1.(一句多译)最近我们学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动。
→Recently our school _____________________Green Transport to School. (过去分词
作定语)
→Recently our school ________________________________Green Transport to School.
(定语从句)
2.它号召学生骑自行车上学。(call on)
___________________________________________
held an activity called
held an activity that/which is called
It calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
3.我们中70%的同学支持它,其原因有两个。
70% of us students _____________________________. (in favor of )
4.这种活动对环境有好处,可以节约能源。(be good for,energy-saving)
This kind of activity _______________________________________________.
5.另一个原因是汽车导致空气污染和交通堵塞。(lead to,traffic jams)
The other reason is ________________________________________.
6.但是,我们中的其他同学反对它。
However, the rest of us students ________________. (be opposed to)
are in favor of it for two reasons
is good for the environment and can be energy-saving
that cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams
are opposed to it
7.他们认为,如果学校离家远,骑车上学既不安又浪费时间。
They think that if the school is far away from home, ____________________________
__________________________. (not only...but also...)
8.在我看来,骑车去学校是一个很好的选择。 (v.-ing形式作主语)
_______________________________________________
it is not only unsafe, but also a
waste of time riding to school
In my opinion, riding to school is a very good choice.
Step 3:句式升级
9.用which引导定语从句合并第1、2句
Recently our school held an activity called Green Transport to School, which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
10.用that引导表语从句升级第4句
One is that this kind of activity is good for the environment and can be energy-saving.
Step 4:完美成篇
　　Recently our school held an activity called Green Transport to School, which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
　　70% of us students are in favor of it for two reasons. One is that this kind of activity is good for the environment and can be energy-saving.The other reason is that cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams.However, the rest of us students are opposed to it. They think that if the school is far away from home, it is not only unsafe, but also a waste of time riding to school.
　　In my opinion, riding to school is a very good choice if you’re not in a hurry.
阅读体验·能力深化
Reading Clubs 1 & 2
Ⅰ.阅读RECYCLING,完成下面的线索框架图
An Effective Solution
What is a major global issue
　↓1. __________________.
Which country in Europe is setting a great example in recycling
　↓2.________.
Where does waste in Sweden go
　↓Around half of the country’s household and industrial waste is 3. ____________
_______.
Waste management
Sweden
turned into
energy
What do Sweden’s waste-to-energy plants take
　↓4. _______________from other European countries.
Power to the People
Where is the most waste produced
　↓5. _________.
What can waste lead to
　↓6. ___________________________________________.
What can be made from recycled plastic, old car tyres and clothing
Imported waste
In Africa
Disease,pollution and other environmental issues
　↓7. _______________________.
What do these businesses bring
　↓8. _____________________________________________________________
______________.
Schoolbags and footwear
Reducing the waste,producing useful products, and creating jobs and
making money
Ⅱ.阅读RECYCLING,判断下列句子 T(true)or F(false)
1.More than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills in Europe. (　 　)
2.32 clean-burning waste-to-energy plants in Sweden burn waste to produce electricity.
(　 　)
3. Around 70 million tonnes of waste is produced in Africa each year. (　 　)
4.Most clever businessmen all have seen opportunities. (　 　)
F
T
T
F
Ⅲ.阅读THE ENVIRONMENT: A LOCAL AND GLOBAL ISSUE,简要谈谈保护环境的一些措施(80 词左右)
　　First,we should keep our school yard clean and tidy.Second,we shouldn’t drop the litter here or there. Third,we should go to school by bike or on foot. Fourth,we should turn off the lights and TV when we leave home.Fifth,we shouldn’t spit in public.On the one hand,we shouldn’t cut down trees without permission. On the other hand, we should plant trees in spring as many as possible. If we try our best,I’m sure our environment can get better and better!
阅读以下文章中的好词佳句, 补汉语译文
1.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help
protect the environment is as high as 96%.
__________,那些认为他们需要帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
2.Also,the majority of residents had cycled or walked.
此外,________居民骑自行车或步行。
3.Although this is a big problem,many local communities are coming up with
solutions to deal with their own waste.
______这是一个大问题,但许多当地社区正在______________来处理他们自己的
垃圾。
如图所示
大多数
尽管
想出解决案
4.They’re also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad
situation.
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们__________________________。
5.In Hong Kong,it is predicted that the three existing landfills will be full within the
next decade.
在香港,______现有的三个废物填埋场将于未来十年内填满。
如何在坏的情况下做到最好
预计
核心考点·探究内化
1.take part (in) 参加
(教材原句)More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.超过一半的参与调查的人在过去一个月内完成了五项活动中的四项。
【精要必记】
take an active part in
　　　　　　积极参加(当part前有形容词修饰时,形容词前要用不定冠词)
play a part in 在……中起作用;在……中扮演角色
play an important part/role in 在……中起重要作用; 在……中扮演重要角色
知识宽一度
(1)take part in正式用词,参加群众性活动,并发挥一定的作用;
(2)join in参加正在进行着的活动,常与take part in换用;
(3)join加入某团体或组织,成为其中的一员(join the army/the Party参军/入党),也可指加入某人的行列;
(4)attend参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼或讲座等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Officials said the dam would play ____ important role in controlling the river which,
when it flooded, often claimed hundreds or thousands of lives.
②It was reported that the students from all parts of the country came to join ___ this
year’s competitive sports.
an
in
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①2024年,他实现了参加奥运会的梦想。
In 2024, he realised his dream of _______________________the Olympic Games.
②他两年前参军,现在已经是一名优秀的战士了。
He ________________two years ago, and now has become an excellent soldier.
③如果你不能参加会议,请提前告知我们。
Please let us know in advance if you can’t _________________.
④晚饭后你愿意和我一块散步吗
Would you like to _________________after supper
taking part in/joining in
joined the army
attend the meeting
join me in a walk
2.cut back on削减,缩减
(教材原句)Around 90% had tried to recycle waste such as glass, metal and paper; and more than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yoghurt containers.
大约90%的人试图回收玻璃、金属和纸张等废物;超过三分之二(70%)的人试图减少一次性包装的使用,如塑料蜂蜜瓶、黄油和酸奶容器。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to the government to forbid people to cut down trees randomly to protect the environment.
我呼吁政府禁止人们随意砍伐树木以保护环境。
【精要必记】
cut in　　 插话;(马达或发动机)发动
cut up 切碎;切开
cut off 切断(供应);中断(电话通话等)
cut away 切除;剪去
cut across 抄近路;走捷径
cut down 砍倒;削减
【活用·练透】 用cut有关短语填空
①The water supply has been ________temporarily because the workers are repairing one
of the main pipes.
②It is impolite for children to _______the conversation when their seniors are talking
about something serious.
③The woman _______the big orange on the table and shared it out equally among her
four children.
④In order not to be late for school, she __________the fields.
⑤He __________all the dead branches from the tree and used them as burning materials
to cook food.
cut off
cut in
cut up
cut across
cut away
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
爸爸失业时, 为了能正常生活,我们不得不减少娱乐开销。
When my dad was out of work, we had to ____________entertainment expenses to live
a normal life.
cut back on
3.majority n. 大多数
(教材原句)Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.此外,大多数居民骑自行车或步行。
【精要必记】
(1)the majority of... 大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大多数
(2)major 　　　 adj.主要的 n.主修课;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究
major in 主修……
【知识深一度】
majority of 后接复数可数名词,当其作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。当后跟集体
名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The _________(major) of the participants take an online language test before starting
their programme.
②Students at senior high school who take part in such kind of social activities are ___
the majority.
majority
in
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
大多数小企业在开张不到两年的时间内就倒闭了。
_______________small businesses went broke in less than two years after their
opening.
The majority of
4.sum vt.概括,总结 n.和;总数;金额
(教材原句)To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
总之 ,似乎几乎所有参加的人都理解帮助保护环境的必要性。
(读后续写之动作描写)The teacher was summing up what he taught in class when the bell rang.
铃响的时候,老师正在总结他在课堂上所教的内容。
【精要必记】
sum up/sum sth. up　　　　 总计;概括
to sum up=in sum 总之
a large sum of=large sums of 许多,大量
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①________(sum) up, he is a person with many outstanding qualities.
②I could hardly expect him to pay out large ______(sum) of money for such a painting.
To sum
sums
【美句·锻造】 完成句子/词汇升级
①虽然给我提供了一大笔搬迁费, 可是我决心留在这个地。
I have been offered ____________________to move, but I am determined to stay here.
②In a word, we should try our best to improve our service.
→_________________, we should try our best to improve our service.
a large sum of money
To sum up/In sum
5.flooding n. 水灾,洪水泛滥
(教材原句)This resulted in the flooding of the River Po near Turin in Italy.
这导致意大利都灵附近的波河泛滥。
(读后续写之动作描写)The audience flooded into the lecture hall to listen to Prof Smith’s lecture.
听众涌入演讲厅聆听史密斯教授的演讲。
【精要必记】
(1)flood in/into sth.　 大量涌入
flood out of sth. 蜂拥而出
flood sth.with sth. (使)充斥,充满
(2)flood n.洪水;水灾
(3)a flood of/floods of 一大批
(4)flooded adj.被淹没的
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①I donated all the money to the students in the ________(flood)area without discussing
the plan with you.
②After she woke up, she opened the curtains and then morning sunshine flooded ___.
③Her eyes were flooded _____ tears when she heard the moving story.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
他收到大量表示感谢的信件。
He received __________________grateful letters.
flooded
in
with
a flood of/floods of
6.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%. 如图所示,那些认为他们需要帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
句型解构
　　as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句的内容,as 意为“正如,正像”。
*(应用文之人物介绍)As we all know, Mo Yan is the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.众所周知,莫言是第一个获得诺贝奖文学奖的中国人。
*(读后续写之人物描写)As was expected, he passed the driving test easily.
果然不出所料,他轻而易举地通过了驾照考试。
【精要必记】
as引导非限制性定语从句通常用于以下表达:as we all know/as everybody knows/as is well known (众所周知), as we expect/as was expected (正如所料), as is/was reported (正如报道的那样), as often happens (正如经常发生的那样), as can be seen (正如所看到的), as is said above (如上所述), as is mentioned above (正如上文提到的那样), as is often the case (这是常有的事)等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The number of smokers, ___ is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
②____ is mentioned above, the function of the device is wonderful.
as
As
【美句·锻造】 句型转换/完成句子
①What is well known is that the compass is invented by the Chinese people.
→___________________the compass is invented by the Chinese people. (it)
→________________, the compass is invented by the Chinese people. (as)
②他忘了带笔,这是常事。
__________________, he forgot to bring his pen with him.
③正如报纸上所报道的那样,两国之间的谈话正取得进展。
_____________________________, talks between the two countries are making
progress.
It is well known that
As is well known
As is often the case
As is reported in the newspaper
【要点拾遗】
indicate vt. 表明;显示
(教材原句)This indicates that the residents needed to pay more attention to these two activities.
这表明居民需要更加重视这两项活动。
(应用文之演讲稿)As this topic indicates, time is valuable and can’t get back once it passes by.
正如这个话题所表明的,时间是宝贵的,一去不复返。
【精要必记】
(1)indicate that/whether... 表明……
(2)indication n.象征;表明,迹象
give an indication 显示
(3)indicator n.指示物;指标
(4)indicative adj.指示的;象征的;表明的
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①They gave no ___________(indicate) of how the work should be done.
②The foreign minister’s visit can be taken as one more __________(indicate) that the
relationships between the two countries are improving.
③His silence was __________(indicate) that he was unwilling to undertake the work.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
泰晤士河畔金斯顿,正如其名称所示,位于泰晤士河畔。
Kingston-upon-Thames, ____________________, is situated on the banks of the
Thames.
indication
indicator
indicative
as the name indicatesUnit 8　Green Living
读后续写高分进阶
深挖教材·素材积累
教材美句背诵
1.In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. (P31)除了自己的科研,她一直身心地投入环境保护事业。
2.Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference. (P31)每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。
3.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. (P36)
人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能够继续使用。
4.If the waste is not disposed of properly, it can lead to disease, pollution and other environmental issues. (P43)
如果垃圾处理不当,可能会导致疾病、污染和其他环境问题。
教材佳句品鉴
一、品修辞之功
Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of lights would be left on; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.
品鉴:该句使用了三个句子结构相同的简单句,充分说明了如果人人都认为环境保护与自己无关,会产生怎样的严重后果,提醒我们,保护环境,人人有责。
仿写提升 单句写作
少年是早上的太阳,少年是美丽的花朵,少年是祖国的希望。
Youth is the morning sun; youth is the beautiful flower; youth is the hope of the motherland.
二、品句式之美
Of course, it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.
品鉴:本句中使用了表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,意思是说,如果世界上只有几个人,人们不采取行动保护环境,关系不大,但现实是,如果世界上如此多的人都这样做的话,后果就会非常严重。
仿写提升 完成句子
如果我现在是医生,我会尽力为病人服务。
I would try my best to serve the patients if I were a doctor now.
三、品用词之妙
Fortunately, people are trying different ways of solving those problems.
品鉴:副词Fortunately作状语,修饰整个句子,在这个句子中Fortunately起到了衔接过渡的作用,告诉人们上文提到的自行车被盗和停放问题正在得到解决。
仿写提升 选词填空
Hopefully(Hopeful/Hopefully), people will realize the seriousness of the problem.
续写进阶·技能点拨
读后续写环境描写之春夏秋冬、风霜雨雪
一、主题词汇
名词 chill 寒冷　snowflake 雪花　breeze 微风　wind 风,气流　frost霜　rain 雨　snow雪　shower 阵雨　storm暴风雨 downpour倾盆大雨　snowstorm暴风雪　typhoon台风　tornado龙卷风 动词 bloom 开花　melt 融化　blanket/cover 覆盖　wind刮风　frost结霜　rain下雨 snow下雪　drizzle下毛毛雨　howl怒号,呼啸　blow吹　kiss亲吻　whip鞭打　float/drift飘落　whisper沙沙作响 whistle呼啸而行,嗖嗖地移动
形容词 moist潮湿的　freezing极冷的;冰冻的　chilly寒冷的　bitter严寒的　bare光秃秃的　stormy有暴风雨的　foggy雾气茫茫的　frosty 严寒的　damp 潮湿的　gentle/soft 轻柔的　warm 温暖的　pleasant令人愉悦的　icy冰冷的　strong/violent猛烈的　biting刺痛的　bone-chilling刺骨的　dreadful可怕的　pure/clean 干净的,纯洁的　feathery鹅毛般的　tiny极小的 副词 wildly/violently猛烈地　warmly温暖地 gently轻柔地　heavily大量地　vividly生动地　pleasantly愉快地
二、主题词块
1.come back to life　　　　　　　恢复生机
2.be filled with/full of 充满
3.in bud 发芽
4.be a mass of blossom 花团锦簇
5.pour down/rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
6.heat wave 热浪
7.good harvest 丰收
8.a chill wind 一阵寒风
9.be covered with 被覆盖
10.a snowball fight 打雪仗
11.pour with rain 大雨滂沱
12.a blanket of fog/snow 厚厚的一层雾/雪
13.be hit/struck by a heavy snow 遭受大雪的袭击
14.a gust of wind 一阵狂风
15.cloud over 阴云密布
16.scream through 呼啸着穿过
17.continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
18.dance gracefully 翩翩起舞
19.pour down 倾盆而下
20.driving rain 倾盆大雨
21.melt away 融化
三、主题句式
Ⅰ.春夏秋冬
1.Flowers were smiling brightly.Birds were singing joyfully and my heart was dancing with delight.Cool and refreshing breeze touched her face.
花儿笑得很灿烂。鸟儿在欢快地歌唱,我的心在欢快地跳舞。清凉的微风拂过她的脸庞。
2.It was getting more and more sultry.Hot currents of wind, carrying the smell of rotten leaves, swept through the woods.
天越来越闷热。阵阵热风夹带着树叶的腐烂味,吹过树林。
3.The skies are bright blue and the leaves on the trees are turning color, from green to orange and gold.
天空碧蓝,树上的叶子在变换颜色,由绿色变成橙色和金色。
4.Golden leaves looked like beautiful butterflies flying in the sky.
金色的叶子就像美丽的蝴蝶在天空中飞舞。
5.There had not been such a winter for years.The cold outside went right through us, like a knife to the bone.
已经有好几年没遇上这样的冬天了,外面的寒冷直接穿透了我们,就像一把刀刺进了骨头。
6.The snowflakes were dancing in the air, flying, hovering, falling straight and fast, and laying on the ground.
雪花在空中飞舞,或飞翔,或盘旋,或直直地快速坠落,铺落在地上。
Ⅱ.风霜雨雪
1.An icy biting wind stung my face.
刺骨的狂风刺痛了我的脸。
2.The wind was getting up and it was becoming cloudy.
风势渐大, 天空开始阴云密布。
3.The windows frosted over.窗户结满了霜。
4.It was very dark outside, and the sky was covered, as it were, with a black curtain.
外面一片漆黑,天空好像被黑幕遮住了。
5.The dreadful rain was beating wildly against the windows.可怕的雨猛烈地打在窗户上。
6.The rain came pouring down, the streams rose, and the wind blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆而下,河水上涨,风吹打着房子。
7.The moon shone on the snow, and the wind was strong and bitter.
明月照积雪,朔风劲且哀。
情境应用
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.Spring set in and everything came back to life.
春天来了,万物复苏。
2.The air was filled with the pleasant smell of flowers.
空气中弥漫着宜人的花香。
3.The pure feathery snowflakes were dancing gracefully in the air, making a beautiful picture.
鹅毛般纯洁的雪花在空中翩翩起舞构成了一幅美丽的图画。
4.The ground was covered by a thick blanket of snow.
地面被厚厚的一层雪覆盖。
5.The windscreen of my car frosted over during the night.
我汽车的挡风玻璃晚上结了霜。
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1.With spring’s coming, all seeds come out and a variety of beautiful flowers bloom.
随着春天的到来,种子发芽,百花齐放。
2.As autumn draws near, leaves begin to fall from the trees.
随着秋天的临近,树叶开始凋落。
3.It was bitterly cold now and the ground was frozen hard.
现在天气冷极了,地面都冻硬了。
4.A gust of wind blew through the quiet park.
一阵狂风吹过安静的公园。
5.The north wind cut like a knife.
北风像刀割一般。
6.The river has risen with melted snow.
雪融河涨。
Ⅲ.片段续写
　　根据以下情境,使用表示“风雨”等景色描写的词汇和句式,写一篇80词左右的短文。
情境提示:我漫步在公路上,雨水轻轻地落在我的头上。被雨水打湿的地面看起来闪闪发光,走在潮湿的地面上让我感到很冷。刺骨的狂风刺痛了我的脸。风呼啸着, 天空开始阴云密布,黑云在空中翻滚奔腾,天空好像被黑幕遮住了。一场大雨正向我扑面而来。
　　As I was wandering on the road, the rain fell gently on my head.The rain-soaked ground looked shinny, and walking on the wet ground made me feel cold.An icy biting wind stung my face.The wind was howling and it was becoming cloudy.The black clouds were sailing fast and wildly in the sky.The sky was covered, as it were, with a black curtain.A heavy rain was driving in my face. Unit 8　Green Living
主题语境:人与自然之绿色生活
学习目标·素养导向
主题阅读·话题导入
【单元名句赏析】
1.Only to obey nature in order to overcome nature.
—Darwin
要征服自然就只能遵从自然。
——达尔文
2.Earth provides enough to satisfy every man’s needs, but not every man’s greed.
—Gandhi
地球所提供的足以满足每个人的需要,但不足以填满每个人的欲望。
——甘地
【主题语段赏记】
1.There are many pollutants that pollute the environment around us, such as waste plastic bags, waste batteries, disposable lunch boxes and so on. There is no doubt that such pollutants do great harm to the environment.
2.We should take action immediately to protect the environment, which involves driving less, traveling green, planting more trees, etc.
3.To sum up, everyone can do their part for environmental protection by doing ordinary things like turning off lights to save electricity, using recycled paper and picking up litter.Unit 8　Green Living
Part 4　Writing Workshop & Viewing Workshop
& Reading Club
书面表达·思维导引
如何写调查报告(How to write a survey report)
【文本研读】
Task 1文本概览·厘清结构
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
2.Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Paragraph 1: Introduce the topic through a (1)survey of the city officials.
Paragraphs 2、3: Present the (2)results of the survey.
Paragraph 4: Make a (3)summary of the survey.
Task 2佳句品味·体会表达
写调查报告的句子:
1.Here are the results.
2.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.
3.Unfortunately, not as many who took part had taken action to save water and energy in their homes.
4.To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
【写作指导】
1.题型解读
①调查报告类写作常用“文字提示+表格或图表”的形式来命题,一般包括四个面的内容,即调查的原因(时间、地点、对象等)、调查的过、调查的结果以及得出的结论或个人观点或解决问题的建议。
②调查报告通常为提纲式半开放性写作,以一般现在时为主,人称主要为第三和第一人称。
2.锦囊妙计
调查报告的目的是将调查结果呈现给他人,所以行文时应站在读者的角度去思考,重点放在如何清晰地表述信息。
【语料积累】
1.教材词汇
(1)global 　　　　　adj. 球的,世界的
(2)solution n. 解决办法
(3)recycle vi.&vt. 再利用,回收利用
(4)balance n. 平衡
(5)involve vt. 参与;包含
(6)take action 采取行动
(7)come up with 想出,想到
2.常用词块
(1)take part in/join in　　　　参加
(2)the majority of... 大多数……
(3)make proper use of 合理利用
(4)take steps/measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事
(5)be responsible for/take responsibility for 对……负责任
(6)in addition/what’s more 此外,而且
(7)as far as I’m concerned/in my opinion/from my point of view 就我而言
(8)to sum up/in summary/on balance/all in all/to conclude/in conclusion 总之
3.话题句式
(1)开篇常用句型:
①Recently we have had a heated discussion about whether our parents should accompany us studying at school.
最近,我们就父母是否应该陪我们上学展开了热烈的讨论。
②According to the pie chart, students have a variety of ways to ease their stress.
根据饼状图,学生有各种各样的法来缓解他们的压力。
(2)主体段落常用句型:
①The results are as follows.结果如下。
②We do have different opinions on this matter.
在这件事上我们确实有不同的意见。
③As is shown in the chart, about 40% of students choose to listen to music, while 25% of them prefer to do physical exercise to make themselves relaxed.
如图所示,大约40%的学生选择听音乐放松自己,而25%的学生更喜欢做体育锻炼来放松自己。
④Most of/The majority of us hold the opinion that parents should accompany us studying at school.
我们中大多数人认为父母应该陪我们在学校学习。
(3)结尾常用句型:
①As far as I’m concerned, it’s not easy for our parents to make money and keep us at school for education.
就我而言,我们的父母挣钱让我们上学不容易。
②In my opinion, I support the former idea for our parents can encourage us to overcome difficulties.
在我看来,我支持前一种观点,因为我们的父母可以鼓励我们克服困难。
③From my point of view, interest is the most important of all.
在我看来,兴趣是最重要的。
【实践应用】
　　假定你是李华,最近学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动,针对同学们对于此次活动的态度你在班里做了一次调查。请根据表格信息,用英语写一篇调查报告向校英语报投稿。
注意:词数80个左右。
观点 比例 理 由
支持 70% 1.汽车带来了空气污染和交通堵塞等问题 2.骑自行车的益处:节能环保等
反对 30% 骑自行车上学浪费时间且不安
写作思维流
Step 1:谋篇布局
Step 2:遣词造句
1.(一句多译)最近我们学校组织了一次名为“绿色交通去上学”的活动。
→Recently our school held an activity called Green Transport to School. (过去分词作定语)
→Recently our school held an activity that/which is called Green Transport to School. (定语从句)
2.它号召学生骑自行车上学。(call on)
It calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
3.我们中70%的同学支持它,其原因有两个。
70% of us students are in favor of it for two reasons. (in favor of )
4.这种活动对环境有好处,可以节约能源。(be good for,energy-saving)
This kind of activity is good for the environment and can be energy-saving.
5.另一个原因是汽车导致空气污染和交通堵塞。(lead to,traffic jams)
The other reason is that cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams.
6.但是,我们中的其他同学反对它。
However, the rest of us students are opposed to it. (be opposed to)
7.他们认为,如果学校离家远,骑车上学既不安又浪费时间。
They think that if the school is far away from home, it is not only unsafe, but also a waste of time riding to school. (not only...but also...)
8.在我看来,骑车去学校是一个很好的选择。 (v.-ing形式作主语)
In my opinion, riding to school is a very good choice.
Step 3:句式升级
9.用which引导定语从句合并第1、2句
Recently our school held an activity called Green Transport to School, which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
10.用that引导表语从句升级第4句
One is that this kind of activity is good for the environment and can be energy-saving.
Step 4:完美成篇
　　Recently our school held an activity called Green Transport to School, which calls on the students to ride bicycles to school.
　　70% of us students are in favor of it for two reasons. One is that this kind of activity is good for the environment and can be energy-saving.The other reason is that cars lead to air pollution and traffic jams.However, the rest of us students are opposed to it. They think that if the school is far away from home, it is not only unsafe, but also a waste of time riding to school.
　　In my opinion, riding to school is a very good choice if you’re not in a hurry.
阅读体验·能力深化
Reading Clubs 1 & 2
Ⅰ.阅读RECYCLING,完成下面的线索框架图
An Effective Solution
What is a major global issue
　↓1.Waste management.
Which country in Europe is setting a great example in recycling
　↓2.Sweden.
Where does waste in Sweden go
　↓Around half of the country’s household and industrial waste is 3.turned into energy.
What do Sweden’s waste-to-energy plants take
　↓4.Imported waste from other European countries.
Power to the People
Where is the most waste produced
　↓5.In Africa.
What can waste lead to
　↓6.Disease,pollution and other environmental issues.
What can be made from recycled plastic, old car tyres and clothing
　↓7.Schoolbags and footwear.
What do these businesses bring
　↓8.Reducing the waste,producing useful products, and creating jobs and making money.
Ⅱ.阅读RECYCLING,判断下列句子 T(true)or F(false)
1.More than 1% of that waste ends up in landfills in Europe. (　F　)
2.32 clean-burning waste-to-energy plants in Sweden burn waste to produce electricity. (　T　)
3. Around 70 million tonnes of waste is produced in Africa each year. (　T　)
4.Most clever businessmen all have seen opportunities. (　F　)
Ⅲ.阅读THE ENVIRONMENT: A LOCAL AND GLOBAL ISSUE,简要谈谈保护环境的一些措施(80 词左右)
　　First,we should keep our school yard clean and tidy.Second,we shouldn’t drop the litter here or there. Third,we should go to school by bike or on foot. Fourth,we should turn off the lights and TV when we leave home.Fifth,we shouldn’t spit in public.On the one hand,we shouldn’t cut down trees without permission. On the other hand, we should plant trees in spring as many as possible. If we try our best,I’m sure our environment can get better and better!
阅读以下文章中的好词佳句, 补汉语译文
1.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%.
如图所示,那些认为他们需要帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
2.Also,the majority of residents had cycled or walked.
此外,大多数居民骑自行车或步行。
3.Although this is a big problem,many local communities are coming up with solutions to deal with their own waste.
尽管这是一个大问题,但许多当地社区正在想出解决案来处理他们自己的垃圾。
4.They’re also setting a great example for others about how to make the best of a bad situation.
他们也为其他人树立了一个很好的榜样,告诉他们如何在坏的情况下做到最好。
5.In Hong Kong,it is predicted that the three existing landfills will be full within the next decade.
在香港,预计现有的三个废物填埋场将于未来十年内填满。
核心考点·探究内化
1.take part (in) 参加
(教材原句)More than half of those who took part in the survey had done four of the five activities in the past month.超过一半的参与调查的人在过去一个月内完成了五项活动中的四项。
【精要必记】
take an active part in
　　　　　　积极参加(当part前有形容词修饰时,形容词前要用不定冠词)
play a part in 在……中起作用;在……中扮演角色
play an important part/role in
在……中起重要作用; 在……中扮演重要角色
知识宽一度
(1)take part in正式用词,参加群众性活动,并发挥一定的作用;
(2)join in参加正在进行着的活动,常与take part in换用;
(3)join加入某团体或组织,成为其中的一员(join the army/the Party参军/入党),也可指加入某人的行列;
(4)attend参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、典礼或讲座等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①Officials said the dam would play an important role in controlling the river which, when it flooded, often claimed hundreds or thousands of lives.
②It was reported that the students from all parts of the country came to join in this year’s competitive sports.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①2024年,他实现了参加奥运会的梦想。
In 2024, he realised his dream of taking part in/joining in the Olympic Games.
②他两年前参军,现在已经是一名优秀的战士了。
He joined the army two years ago, and now has become an excellent soldier.
③如果你不能参加会议,请提前告知我们。
Please let us know in advance if you can’t attend the meeting.
④晚饭后你愿意和我一块散步吗
Would you like to join me in a walk after supper
2.cut back on削减,缩减
(教材原句)Around 90% had tried to recycle waste such as glass, metal and paper; and more than two thirds (70%) had tried to cut back on the use of disposable packaging, such as plastic honey bottles, and butter and yoghurt containers.
大约90%的人试图回收玻璃、金属和纸张等废物;超过三分之二(70%)的人试图减少一次性包装的使用,如塑料蜂蜜瓶、黄油和酸奶容器。
(应用文之倡议书)I appeal to the government to forbid people to cut down trees randomly to protect the environment.
我呼吁政府禁止人们随意砍伐树木以保护环境。
【精要必记】
cut in　　　 　插话;(马达或发动机)发动
cut up 切碎;切开
cut off 切断(供应);中断(电话通话等)
cut away 切除;剪去
cut across 抄近路;走捷径
cut down 砍倒;削减
【活用·练透】 用cut有关短语填空
①The water supply has been cut off temporarily because the workers are repairing one of the main pipes.
②It is impolite for children to cut in the conversation when their seniors are talking about something serious.
③The woman cut up the big orange on the table and shared it out equally among her four children.
④In order not to be late for school, she cut across the fields.
⑤He cut away all the dead branches from the tree and used them as burning materials to cook food.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
爸爸失业时, 为了能正常生活,我们不得不减少娱乐开销。
When my dad was out of work, we had to cut back on entertainment expenses to live a normal life.
3.majority n. 大多数
(教材原句)Also, the majority of residents had cycled or walked.此外,大多数居民骑自行车或步行。
【精要必记】
(1)the majority of...　大多数……
be in the/a majority 占大多数
(2)major 　　　adj.主要的 n.主修课;主修学生 vi.主修;专门研究
major in 主修……
【知识深一度】
majority of 后接复数可数名词,当其作主语时,谓语动词一般用复数。当后跟集体名词作主语时,谓语动词用单、复数均可。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The majority(major) of the participants take an online language test before starting their programme.
②Students at senior high school who take part in such kind of social activities are in the majority.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
大多数小企业在开张不到两年的时间内就倒闭了。
The majority of small businesses went broke in less than two years after their opening.
4.sum vt.概括,总结 n.和;总数;金额
(教材原句)To sum up, it seems that almost all who took part understood the need to help take care of the environment.
总之 ,似乎几乎所有参加的人都理解帮助保护环境的必要性。
(读后续写之动作描写)The teacher was summing up what he taught in class when the bell rang.
铃响的时候,老师正在总结他在课堂上所教的内容。
【精要必记】
sum up/sum sth. up　　　　　总计;概括
to sum up=in sum 总之
a large sum of=large sums of 许多,大量
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①To sum(sum) up, he is a person with many outstanding qualities.
②I could hardly expect him to pay out large sums(sum) of money for such a painting.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子/词汇升级
①虽然给我提供了一大笔搬迁费, 可是我决心留在这个地。
I have been offered a large sum of money to move, but I am determined to stay here.
②In a word, we should try our best to improve our service.
→To sum up/In sum, we should try our best to improve our service.
5.flooding n. 水灾,洪水泛滥
(教材原句)This resulted in the flooding of the River Po near Turin in Italy.
这导致意大利都灵附近的波河泛滥。
(读后续写之动作描写)The audience flooded into the lecture hall to listen to Prof Smith’s lecture.
听众涌入演讲厅聆听史密斯教授的演讲。
【精要必记】
(1)flood in/into sth.　　　大量涌入
flood out of sth. 蜂拥而出
flood sth.with sth. (使)充斥,充满
(2)flood n.洪水;水灾
(3)a flood of/floods of 一大批
(4)flooded adj.被淹没的
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①I donated all the money to the students in the flooded(flood)area without discussing the plan with you.
②After she woke up, she opened the curtains and then morning sunshine flooded in.
③Her eyes were flooded with tears when she heard the moving story.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
他收到大量表示感谢的信件。
He received a flood of/floods of grateful letters.
6.As the diagram shows, the percentage of those who felt that they needed to help protect the environment is as high as 96%. 如图所示,那些认为他们需要帮助保护环境的人的比例高达96%。
句型解构
　　as引导非限制性定语从句时,指代整个主句的内容,as 意为“正如,正像”。
*(应用文之人物介绍)As we all know, Mo Yan is the first Chinese to win the Nobel Prize for Literature.众所周知,莫言是第一个获得诺贝奖文学奖的中国人。
*(读后续写之人物描写)As was expected, he passed the driving test easily.
果然不出所料,他轻而易举地通过了驾照考试。
【精要必记】
as引导非限制性定语从句通常用于以下表达:as we all know/as everybody knows/as is well known (众所周知), as we expect/as was expected (正如所料), as is/was reported (正如报道的那样), as often happens (正如经常发生的那样), as can be seen (正如所看到的), as is said above (如上所述), as is mentioned above (正如上文提到的那样), as is often the case (这是常有的事)等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The number of smokers, as is reported, has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.
②As is mentioned above, the function of the device is wonderful.
【美句·锻造】 句型转换/完成句子
①What is well known is that the compass is invented by the Chinese people.
→It is well known that the compass is invented by the Chinese people. (it)
→As is well known, the compass is invented by the Chinese people. (as)
②他忘了带笔,这是常事。
As is often the case, he forgot to bring his pen with him.
③正如报纸上所报道的那样,两国之间的谈话正取得进展。
As is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.
【要点拾遗】
indicate vt. 表明;显示
(教材原句)This indicates that the residents needed to pay more attention to these two activities.
这表明居民需要更加重视这两项活动。
(应用文之演讲稿)As this topic indicates, time is valuable and can’t get back once it passes by.
正如这个话题所表明的,时间是宝贵的,一去不复返。
【精要必记】
(1)indicate that/whether... 表明……
(2)indication n.象征;表明,迹象
give an indication 显示
(3)indicator n.指示物;指标
(4)indicative adj.指示的;象征的;表明的
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①They gave no indication(indicate) of how the work should be done.
②The foreign minister’s visit can be taken as one more indicator(indicate) that the relationships between the two countries are improving.
③His silence was indicative(indicate) that he was unwilling to undertake the work.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
泰晤士河畔金斯顿,正如其名称所示,位于泰晤士河畔。
Kingston-upon-Thames, as the name indicates, is situated on the banks of the Thames. (共24张PPT)
深挖教材·素材积累
续写进阶·技能点拨
Unit 8　Green Living
读后续写高分进阶
深挖教材·素材积累
教材美句背诵
1.In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environmental protection. (P31)除了自己的科研,她一直身心地投入环境保护事业。
2.Every individual matters. Every individual has a role to play. Every individual makes a difference. (P31)每一个个体都很重要。每一个个体都有自己的角色。每一个个体都能有所作为。
3.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there. (P36)
人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能够继续使用。
4.If the waste is not disposed of properly, it can lead to disease, pollution and other environmental issues. (P43)
如果垃圾处理不当,可能会导致疾病、污染和其他环境问题。
教材佳句品鉴
一、品修辞之功
Millions of gallons of water would be wasted; millions of lights would be left on; millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.
品鉴:该句使用了三个句子结构相同的简单句,充分说明了如果人人都认为环境保护与自己无关,会产生怎样的严重后果,提醒我们,保护环境,人人有责。
仿写提升 单句写作
少年是早上的太阳,少年是美丽的花朵,少年是祖国的希望。
Youth is the morning sun; youth is the beautiful flower; youth is the hope of the motherland.
二、品句式之美
Of course, it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.
品鉴:本句中使用了表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,意思是说,如果世界上只有几个人,人们不采取行动保护环境,关系不大,但现实是,如果世界上如此多的人都这样做的话,后果就会非常严重。
仿写提升 完成句子
如果我现在是医生,我会尽力为病人服务。
I ___________________________________if I were a doctor now.
would try my best to serve the patients
三、品用词之妙
Fortunately, people are trying different ways of solving those problems.
品鉴:副词Fortunately作状语,修饰整个句子,在这个句子中Fortunately起到了衔接过
渡的作用,告诉人们上文提到的自行车被盗和停放问题正在得到解决。
仿写提升 选词填空
__________(Hopeful/Hopefully), people will realize the seriousness of the problem.
Hopefully
续写进阶·技能点拨
读后续写环境描写之春夏秋冬、风霜雨雪
一、主题词汇
名词 chill 寒冷　snowflake 雪花　breeze 微风　wind 风,气流　frost霜　rain 雨　snow雪　shower 阵雨　storm暴风雨 downpour倾盆大雨　 snowstorm暴风雪　 typhoon台风　tornado龙卷风 动词 bloom 开花　melt 融化　blanket/cover 覆盖　wind刮风　
frost结霜　rain下雨
snow下雪　drizzle下毛毛雨　
howl怒号,呼啸　blow吹　kiss亲吻　whip鞭打　float/drift飘落　
whisper沙沙作响
whistle呼啸而行,嗖嗖地移动
形容词 moist潮湿的　freezing极冷的;冰冻的　 chilly寒冷的　bitter严寒的　bare光秃秃的　stormy有暴风雨的　foggy雾气茫茫的　 frosty 严寒的　damp 潮湿的　gentle/soft 轻柔的　warm 温暖的　pleasant令人愉悦的　 icy冰冷的　strong/violent猛烈的　biting刺痛的　bone-chilling刺骨的　dreadful可怕的　pure/clean 干净的,纯洁的　feathery鹅毛般的　tiny极小的 副词 wildly/violently猛烈地　warmly温暖地
gently轻柔地　
heavily大量地　
vividly生动地　pleasantly愉快地
二、主题词块
1.come back to life　　　 恢复生机
2.be filled with/full of 充满
3.in bud 发芽
4.be a mass of blossom 花团锦簇
5.pour down/rain cats and dogs 下倾盆大雨
6.heat wave 热浪
7.good harvest 丰收
8.a chill wind 一阵寒风
9.be covered with 被覆盖
10.a snowball fight 打雪仗
11.pour with rain 大雨滂沱
12.a blanket of fog/snow 厚厚的一层雾/雪
13.be hit/struck by a heavy snow 遭受大雪的袭击
14.a gust of wind 一阵狂风
15.cloud over 阴云密布
16.scream through 呼啸着穿过
17.continuous/constant rain 连绵不断的雨
18.dance gracefully 翩翩起舞
19.pour down 倾盆而下
20.driving rain 倾盆大雨
21.melt away 融化
三、主题句式
Ⅰ.春夏秋冬
1.Flowers were smiling brightly.Birds were singing joyfully and my heart was dancing with delight.Cool and refreshing breeze touched her face.
花儿笑得很灿烂。鸟儿在欢快地歌唱,我的心在欢快地跳舞。清凉的微风拂过她的脸庞。
2.It was getting more and more sultry.Hot currents of wind, carrying the smell of rotten leaves, swept through the woods.
天越来越闷热。阵阵热风夹带着树叶的腐烂味,吹过树林。
3.The skies are bright blue and the leaves on the trees are turning color, from green to orange and gold.
天空碧蓝,树上的叶子在变换颜色,由绿色变成橙色和金色。
4.Golden leaves looked like beautiful butterflies flying in the sky.
金色的叶子就像美丽的蝴蝶在天空中飞舞。
5.There had not been such a winter for years.The cold outside went right through us, like a knife to the bone.
已经有好几年没遇上这样的冬天了,外面的寒冷直接穿透了我们,就像一把刀刺进了骨头。
6.The snowflakes were dancing in the air, flying, hovering, falling straight and fast, and laying on the ground.
雪花在空中飞舞,或飞翔,或盘旋,或直直地快速坠落,铺落在地上。
Ⅱ.风霜雨雪
1.An icy biting wind stung my face.
刺骨的狂风刺痛了我的脸。
2.The wind was getting up and it was becoming cloudy.
风势渐大, 天空开始阴云密布。
3.The windows frosted over.窗户结满了霜。
4.It was very dark outside, and the sky was covered, as it were, with a black curtain.
外面一片漆黑,天空好像被黑幕遮住了。
5.The dreadful rain was beating wildly against the windows.
可怕的雨猛烈地打在窗户上。
6.The rain came pouring down, the streams rose, and the wind blew and beat against the house.
大雨倾盆而下,河水上涨,风吹打着房子。
7.The moon shone on the snow, and the wind was strong and bitter.
明月照积雪,朔风劲且哀。
情境应用
Ⅰ.完成句子
1.Spring set in and everything ________________.
春天来了,万物复苏。
2.The air ______________the pleasant smell of flowers.
空气中弥漫着宜人的花香。
3.The pure feathery snowflakes ______________________________, making a
beautiful picture.
鹅毛般纯洁的雪花在空中翩翩起舞构成了一幅美丽的图画。
came back to life
was filled with
were dancing gracefully in the air
4.The ground was covered by _____________________.
地面被厚厚的一层雪覆盖。
5.The windscreen of my car ____________during the night.
我汽车的挡风玻璃晚上结了霜。
a thick blanket of snow
frosted over
Ⅱ.翻译句子
1. _________________________________________________________________
_______.
随着春天的到来,种子发芽,百花齐放。
2. __________________________________________________.
随着秋天的临近,树叶开始凋落。
3. _________________________________________________.
现在天气冷极了,地面都冻硬了。
With spring’s coming, all seeds come out and a variety of beautiful flowers
bloom
As autumn draws near, leaves begin to fall from the trees
It was bitterly cold now and the ground was frozen hard
4. _______________________________________
一阵狂风吹过安静的公园。
5. ____________________________
北风像刀割一般。
6. _________________________________
雪融河涨。
A gust of wind blew through the quiet park.
The north wind cut like a knife.
The river has risen with melted snow.
Ⅲ.片段续写
　　根据以下情境,使用表示“风雨”等景色描写的词汇和句式,写一篇80词左右的短文。
情境提示:我漫步在公路上,雨水轻轻地落在我的头上。被雨水打湿的地面看起来闪闪发光,走在潮湿的地面上让我感到很冷。刺骨的狂风刺痛了我的脸。风呼啸着, 天空开始阴云密布,黑云在空中翻滚奔腾,天空好像被黑幕遮住了。一场大雨正向我扑面而来。
　　As I was wandering on the road, the rain fell gently on my head.The rain-soaked ground looked shinny, and walking on the wet ground made me feel cold.An icy biting wind stung my face.The wind was howling and it was becoming cloudy.The black clouds were sailing fast and wildly in the sky.The sky was covered, as it were, with a black curtain.A heavy rain was driving in my face. Unit 8　Green Living
Part 3　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
必备知识·认知导学
Ⅰ.重点词块—速记
1.the Student Union　　　学生联合会
2.on the headstone of Yi Jiefang’s son 在易杰芳儿子的墓碑上
3.pedal one’s way 骑行
4.make a big profit 获得丰厚的利润
5.the shark attacks that occurred recently 最近发生的鲨鱼袭击事件
6.spread in the region 在该地区蔓延
7.at an alarming rate 以惊人的比率/速度
8.a poem too long to quote 一首长得无法引用的诗
9.overcome his fears 战胜他的恐惧
10.her former friends 她以前的朋友
11.an ordinary house 一座普通的房子
12.follow a path through the trees 沿着林间小路走
13.arrive at their destination 到达了他们的目的地
Ⅱ.活用单词—拓展
1.post v.张贴,公布→poster n.海报
2.found v. 创办;建造→founder n.创办人,创始者→foundation n.基础;根据;创立
3.organise v. 组织,筹备→ organiser n.组织者,安排者→organised adj.有组织的;做事有条理的→organisation n.组织;机构;团体
4.content v.使满意,使满足 n.目录;内容;满意→contented adj.满意的;满足的→contentedly adv.满足地;安心地
5.agriculture n.农业→agricultural adj. 农业的,与农业有关的
6.propose v.提议,建议→proposal n.建议,提议
7.slim adj.微小的;苗条的;薄的→slimming n.减肥,减轻体重 adj.减轻体重的,减肥的
8.survive v.幸存;比……活得久→survival n.继续生存,幸存→survivor n.(灾难性事故中的)幸存者,生还者
9.determine v.决定;确定→determined adj.下定决心的,坚定的→determination n.决心;毅力
Ⅲ.核心短语—互译
1.because of/thanks to　因为;由于
2.become popular with 受……欢迎
3.work through 调整(情绪)
4.come up with 想出,想到
5.have an effect on 对……产生影响
6.come up 走近;被提出
7.in a matter of 大约;只不过;在……之内
8.put forward 提出;推举出
9.keep a record of 把……记录下来;保持……记录
Ⅳ.经典句式—悟通
1.The group painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam for people to use.(形容词作宾语补足语,介词短语作状语)
这群人将数百辆自行车涂成白色放置在阿姆斯特丹的许多地供人们使用。
2.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.(where引导定语从句,so that 引导目的状语从句)
人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能继续使用。
文本阅读·语篇研析
Task 1宏观建构·把握文脉
1.Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para.1:The reason of the “white bikes”‘s (1)popularity in Amsterdam.
Para.2:The (2)source of the “white bikes”‘s concept.
Para.3:The “white bikes”‘s (3)return.
Paras.4—6:The “white bikes”‘s (4)influence on the globe,especially in China.
2.What’s the main idea of this passage
This passage is mainly about the development process of “white bikes” in Amsterdam and its influence on the world, especially in China.
【阅读策点拨】
了解事件的发展
　　事件的发展讲述了一个事件如何跟随另一个事件创造一个特定的情境。
·找出事件的起点;
·找出事件发生的时间和地点;
·找出发展中出现的问题以及发展的后果。
Task 2微观探究·细节理解
Ⅰ. Read Para.1 carefully and do the following exercise.
List the reasons why Amsterdam is good for cycling.
①It is flat.
②There are plenty of places for bicycle parking.
③Most streets in its city centre have a bicycle path.
Ⅱ. Read Para.2 carefully and answer the following questions.
1.For what purpose were bicycles used in Amsterdam
To save energy, reduce pollution and provide free public transport.
2.Where would people leave the bike
They would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey.
3.Why did free use of bicycles fail then
Because thieves stole all the bicycles within a few weeks.
Ⅲ. Read Para.3 carefully and fill in the blanks.
1.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam with a computer tracking system to record their every move.
2.To use a bike, you had to put in a special card.
3.People who used the bikes had to take them to a special parking place near their destination and leave them there.
Ⅳ. Read Para.4 carefully and judge the following statement true or false.
Thanks to the efforts of the cycling fans of the 1960s, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam. (False)
Ⅴ. Read Para.5 carefully and fill in the blank.
Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled its way around the world and there has been a global increase in bike-sharing.
Ⅵ.Read Para.6 carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What does the word “theft” probably mean
A.Borrowing.　　　 B.Renting.
C.Stealing.　　 D.Repairing.
答案:C
2.What is the last paragraph about
A.The current situation and future of shared bikes in China.
B.The problem of shared bikes.
C.The benefits of shared bikes.
D.The master of shared bikes.
答案:A
Ⅶ.Read the whole passage and choose the best answer.
What’s the author’s attitude towards bike-sharing
A.Supporting. B.Opposed.
C.Unclear. D.Neutral.
答案:D
Task 3语篇总结·主题深化
　　The idea of “white bikes” 1.began(begin) about 50 years ago, and ever since then, people in Amsterdam have been enjoying the benefits of cycling. Flat and therefore convenient for bikes, Amsterdam is a good city for cycling. Because of its 2.convenience(convenient) for bicycles, Amsterdam has become very popular with cyclists—an amazing 38% of all trips 3.are made(make) by bike. That’s why it gets the nickname “the City of Bicycles”.
　　In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea 4.that it would be better for both people and the environment if only bicycles were allowed in the city centre. They painted hundreds of bicycles white and placed them in many areas around Amsterdam 5.for people to use. Soon after, however, problems came up and the “white bikes” all disappeared—6.thieves(thief) stole them all in a matter of weeks! 7.But in 1999 the “white bikes” returned with a computer tracking system to record their every move! Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in 8.central(centre) Amsterdam.
　　Nowadays, the idea of “white bikes” has pedalled 9.its(it) way around the world. In China, more and more cities have their own “white bike” programmes. Both the locals and tourists like to use 10.shared(share) bikes because bike-sharing is a cheap and easy way to save energy, reduce air and noise pollution, and enjoy the benefits of exercise in cities.
Task 4长句难句·释疑解难
1.They believed that it would be better for everybody if cars weren’t allowed in the city centre and only bicycles were.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,that引导宾语从句,该从句中if引导条件状语从句。
[自主翻译]他们认为,如果市中心不允许使用汽车而只能用自行车,这会让所有人都受益。
2.People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey, so that someone else could then take it and use it from there.
[句式分析]此句是主从复合句,where引导定语从句,修饰place,so that引导目的状语从句。
[自主翻译]人们在行结束时就地停放自行车,以便其他人能够继续使用。
Task 阅读升华·拓展思维
1.What effects have “white bikes”had on Amsterdam
People can enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
2.Why has the idea spread to other parts of the world in recent years
In my opinion,the reasons are as follows:First,it can reduce pollution and protect the environment.Second,it is more convenient when you are stuck in the traffic jam.Third,it can build our body and save money.
核心考点·探究内化
1.occur vi. 发生;出现
(应用文之建议信)Keep a notebook at hand to write down the questions as they occur.
手边放个笔记本,以便有问题时随时记下。
(读后续写之心理描写)It suddenly occurred to me that I should buy a birthday present for my mother.
我突然想到,应该给母亲买个生日礼物。
【精要必记】
sth. occurs/occurred to sb.　某事被某人想起
It occurs/occurred to sb. that... 某人想起……
It occurs/occurred to sb. to do sth. 某人想起做某事
[易混辨析]
词形 词义 搭 配
occur 发生 指“发生”时,可与happen换用,但后接to sb./sth.时,两者含义不同;it/sth. occurs to sb. that=it/sth. strikes/hits sb. that指“某种思想等呈现于某人的头脑中”
happen 偶然发生, 碰巧 指“偶然发生”时,主语为“事”;当主语为“人”时,意为“碰巧”。happen to sb./sth.指“不好的事情发生在某人(物)身上”
take place 发生,举行 某种活动 可与happen或occur换用,但其后一般不接to sb./sth.结构;指“必然会发生的事情”时,多用take place;此外take place还可表示“举行某种活动”
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The crash occurred(occur) when the crew shut down the wrong engine.
②Suddenly a good idea occurred to him and he immediately shared it with other members of the team.
③On my way to work, it occurred to me that I had left my smartphone on the sofa.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
她突然意识到钱并不能弥补鲍勃在过去五年中所遭受的一切。
It suddenly occurred to her that money couldn’t make up for all that Bob had suffered in the past five years.
【补偿训练】
1.完成句子
①昨天晚上我去拜访他时,他碰巧不在家。
Yesterday evening, when I paid a visit to him, he happened to be out.
②在去超市的路上,我突然想起我忘记带钱包了。
On the way to the supermarket, it suddenly occurred to/struck/hit me that I had forgotten to take the wallet.
③讲座将于明天上午8点钟在体育馆举行。
The lecture will take place in the gym at 8:00 tomorrow morning.
2.单句语法填空
①It would be unfortunate if something occurred to curtail our partnership.
②If we had been spotted at that point, I don’t know what would have happened to us.
③I happened to meet(meet) a friend of mine in the street yesterday.
2.proposal n. 建议,提议
(教材原句)The local government agreed with her proposal to plant one million trees in the region over ten years.
当地政府同意了她的建议,在十年内在该地区种植一百万棵树。
【精要必记】
(1)propose　　　　　　v.提议,建议;求婚
propose to do/doing sth. 建议/打算/计划做某事
propose that...(should) do... 建议……
(2)It is proposed that... 有人提议……
【知识深一度】
propose后跟宾语从句,或proposal用于名词性从句时,从句中的谓语动词用“should+动词原形”表示虚拟,should可以省。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①It’s still far from clear what action the government proposes to deal/dealing(deal) with the affair.
②The proposal(propose) put forward by Dobrindt aims to help promote fully automatic driving.
③They proposed that firecrackers (should) be forbidden (forbid) in downtown areas.
【美句·锻造】 句型转换/词汇升级
①People propose that another hospital should be built in the city.
→It is proposed that another hospital should be built in the city.
②I suggest going to an early film and having dinner afterwards.
→I propose going to an early film and having dinner afterwards.
3.survival n. 继续生存,幸存
(教材原句)Now the trees have a survival rate of 85%.
现在树的存活率为85%。
(读后续写之新闻描写)Unfortunately, only two passengers survived the accident.
不幸的是,只有两名乘客在事故中幸存。
【精要必记】
(1)survive 　　　　vt.幸存;生还;幸免于难;比……活得长 vi.幸存;活下来
survive sth. 在……之后仍然幸存
survive sb. (by...) 比……活得长
survive on 靠……存活下来
survive from 从……流传/留存下来
(2)survivor n.幸存者
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①The video of a quake survivor(survive) searching for the army officer who saved his life 10 years ago has attracted much attention on China’s social media.
②We should take action to protect the endangered animals for their survival (survive).
③Such kind of animals can survive on a wide range of food sources.
④It was one of the greatest books to survive from the ancient world.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
那个老太太比她的丈夫多活了20年。
The old lady survived her husband by twenty years.
4.determination n. 决心;毅力
(教材原句)She has made a huge difference with her determination to make her son’s dreams a reality.
为了使儿子的梦想变为现实,她用她的毅力产生了巨大的影响。
【精要必记】
(1)with determination　　 坚决地;果断地
(2)determined adj.有决心的
be determined to do sth. 决心做某事
(3)determine vt. 确定,决定;使下定决心
determine on/upon (doing) sth. 　　决定(做)某事
determine to do sth. 决定做某事
determine+that/wh-从句 决定……
知识宽一度
“决定做某事”的表达式还有:decide to do sth.、make a decision to do sth.、make up one’s mind to do sth.等。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①He determined to reach(reach) the destination before sunset.
②She was full of determination(determine) to achieve her goals.
③With determination, we can achieve anything we set our minds to.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
我已决定大学毕业后开办自己的公司。
→I have determined to start my own company after graduating from college. (determine to do)
→I have determined on/upon starting my own company after graduating from college. (determine on/upon)
→I have determined that I’ll start my own company after graduating from college. (determine that...)
5.work through 调整(情绪)
(教材原句)How did Ms Yi Jiefang work through her sadness after her son’s death
儿子去世后,易杰芳是如何熬过悲伤的
【精要必记】
work out　　锻炼身体,做运动;解决,解答;计算出;产生结果,发展;制订出
work on 从事……,继续……
work at 从事/致力于……
out of work 失业
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①If I choose to work on other projects in my own time, then I say that is my business.
②Life is full of concerns, but you should try to work through them.
③She determines to work out regularly to stay in shape.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
他失业后很快就找到了一份工作。
He found a job soon after he was out of work.
6.come up with 想出,想到
(教材原句)In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea.
20世纪60年代,一群骑行爱好者提出了一个想法。
(读后续写之动作描写)He came up to me and said, “Come on, John.”他走到我跟前说:“快点,约翰。”
【精要必记】
(1)come up　　　被提出;走近;上升;发芽
come about 发生
come on 来吧;赶快;进行
come out 出版;出来;出现;结果是
come across (偶然)遇见;发现;被理解
(2)when it comes to... 当谈到……时
【知识深一度】
　　come up的主语是物,表示“(计划、建议、议题等)被提出”,而come up with的主语是人或团体组织,表示“(某人)提出”。
【活用·练透】 用come有关短语填空
①How does it come about that you didn’t report this to us in time
②A number of questions came up at the meeting yesterday.
③All we have to do is think a little harder and come up with a new solution to the tough problem.
④That magazine comes out once a month.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
当你遇到一个新词时,看看你是否可以从上下文猜想它的意思。
When you come across a new word, see if you can guess its meaning from the context.
7.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!1999年,“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹,这次车上安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”!
句型解构
本句中with a computer tracking system to record their every move是“with+宾语+宾语补足语”组成的with复合结构。
*(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Finally, with just two minutes to spare we rolled into the bus station.
最后,在只剩下两分钟的时候,我们驶进了汽车站。
*I sat in my room for a few minutes with my eyes fixed on the ceiling.
我在我的房间里坐了一会儿,眼睛盯着天花板。
【精要必记】
with复合结构
with+宾语+
【知识深一度】
　　在with复合结构中,动词-ing形式表示该动作正在进行,和宾语之间是主动关系;动词-ed形式表示该动作已经完成,和宾语之间是被动关系;不定式表示将来的动作。
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①With the tall boy sitting(sit) in front of me, I couldn’t see the words clearly on the blackboard.
②He had to ride his bike to work with his car damaged(damage) seriously.
③With a lot of work to do(do), I wasn’t allowed to go out to play basketball.
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①昨天晚上他太累了, 灯没关就睡着了。
Last night, he was so tired that he fell asleep with the light on.
②孩子们正在堆雪人,双手冻得通红。
The children were making a snowman with their hands red and cold.
③餐厅里一片狼藉,桌子上都是脏碗碟。
The dining hall was in a mess with dirty dishes on the table.
④成功完成任务后,他们高兴地回家了。
With the task finished successfully, they went home happily.
【要点拾遗】
1.contented adj. 满意的;满足的
(教材原句)Ms Yi has a contented life until a terrible event occurred which changed her life.
易女士过着心满意足的生活,直到一件可怕的事情发生,改变了她的生活。
(读后续写之神态描写)The teacher was content with Jack’s answer and nodded with a smile.
老师对杰克的回答很满意,微笑着点了点头。
图解助记
【活用·练透】 单句语法填空
①He is content to help(help) me out whenever I get into trouble and turn to him.
②We should learn to be content with what we have now and appreciate the benefits of simplicity.
③He wisely contented himself(him) with his family and his love of nature.
④Carefully and contentedly (content), I looked at my big girls, confirming that they wanted to express their thanks to me.
⑤I believe that relationships are key to leading a fulfilling and contented (content) life.
【美句·锻造】 一句多译
你既然选择了这个清贫的行业, 就要满足于它。
→Now that you have chosen this poor industry, you should be content with it. (content adj.)
→Now that you have chosen this poor industry, you should content yourself with it.(content v.)
2.rate n. 比率,率
At this rate it would be lucky for them to get home before eight thirty.
照此情形,他们能在8点半之前到家就算幸运了。
(读后续写之心理描写)At any rate, I would pass the driving test this time.
无论如何,这次我要通过驾照考试。
【精要必记】
at a/the rate of　以……的速度;按……的比率
at this/that rate 照此情形;如此下去
at any rate 无论如何,不管怎样
【美句·锻造】 完成句子
①不管怎样,还是要代表所有人感谢你为我们所做的一切。
At any rate, thank you for all you have done for us on behalf of all the people.
②照此情形,一些稀有动物在不久的将来会消失。
At this/that rate, some rare animals will disappear in the near future.
③汽车正以每小时40英里的速度行驶。
The car is going at the rate of 40 miles an hour.
词汇对接高考
1.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, John went back to observing nature and asking questions.
在大学学习了农业、医学和渔业之后,约翰又回到了观察自然和提出问题的生活中。
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis”.
阅读研究人员提出了一种叫做“肤浅假设”的理论。
3.(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)The journey you’re on won’t follow a straight path.
你的旅不会是一条笔直的道路。
4.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解A)Bangkok is a highly desirable destination for food lovers.
曼谷是美食爱好者非常向往的目的地。
5.(2022·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)The couple has a high success rate in getting accepted as house sitters and they always go beyond the homeowner’s expectations.
这对夫妇被接受作为看房人的成功率很高,而且他们总是超出房主的预期。
6.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)As a special education teacher at the school, I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his strong determination.
作为学校的一名特殊教育老师,我熟悉大卫所面临的挑战,并为他的坚定决心感到骄傲。
语法知识·精讲点拨
一词多性
教材自主探究
观察以下课文原句并思考黑体单词的词性和词义
1.The bikes were parked at special parking places.
2.However, problems can also develop, like the theft of bikes and parking issues.
3.In 1999, the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking system to record their every move!
4.Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those who enabled the return of “white bikes”, you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in central Amsterdam.
探究:
1.句1中的parked为动词,意为:停车。
2.句1和句2中的parking是名词,意为:停车,泊车。
3.句3中的 returned为动词,意为:回来。
4.句4中的 return是名词,意为:回归。
语法精要点拨
　　一词多性是英语词汇含义变化的基本特征,是指通过改变一些词,尤其是一些熟词的词性而发生意义的变化。英语中一词多性的单词有很多,以下列举一些。
1.address n.地址 vt.演讲
He is due to address a conference on human rights next week.他下周要在一个人权会议上发言。
2.book n.书 vt.预订
You’d better book a ticket in advance if you want to watch the movie.
如果你想看那部电影,你最好提前订票。
3.change n.&v.改变,变化 n.零钱
I didn’t have any change in my pockets.
我兜里没有一点零钱。
4.express vt.表达 n.快车
The 8:00 am express to Beijing is always crowded.
上午8点开往北京的快车总是很拥挤。
5.head n.头部;首脑 vi.朝……前进
We decided to head for home.我们决定回家。
即学活用 写出下列句子中加黑词的词性及汉语意思
1.We’ll back you all the way on this matter. vt. 支持
2.The teacher was cross with Tim for his being late for class. adj. 生气的
3.She was sent to Paris to cover the Olympic Games. vt. 报道
4.He didn’t desert his wife and children just because he became rich. vt. 抛弃
5.As we walked through its doors, Grandma handed me ten dollars. vt. 递给
6.He got a $50 fine for speeding. n. 罚款
7.The furniture and the room match perfectly. vi. 与……相配
8.I met her while I was on leave. n. 休假
9.She rushed home to nurse her daughter back to health. vt. 照料
10.He presented a gold medal to the winner. vt. 颁发
语法对接高考
Ⅰ.写出下列句子中加黑词的词性及汉语意思
1.(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C)About half of them walk or bike to work. vi.骑自行车
2.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material vt. 涉及
3.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解D)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they most hope to see, and their answer is often the same: a grizzly bear. vi. 蜂拥而至
4.(2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame. vi. 拍照
Ⅱ.单句写作
1.(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.
正当我要放弃的时候,冈特掏出他的小电话,给一个朋友打了个电话。
2.(2024·北京高考·阅读理解B)For the art O-level exam I had to present an oil painting.
为了美术考试,我必须提交一幅油画。
3.(2023·国甲卷·阅读理解B)So, it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid any charges when I’ve moved out.
所以,当我搬出去时,知道如何掩盖漏洞并重新粉刷房间以避免产生任何费用是很有用的。
4.(2023·国乙卷·阅读理解A)Tan treated women from all walks of life.
谭为各行各业的妇女治病。
5.(2023·国乙卷·七选五)Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory.
几项研究支持了这一点,并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。

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