资源简介

Unit 4　Information Technology
[主题语境: 人与社会之信息技术]
Part 1　Topic Talk
情境活动·听说演练
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. create a full-body avatar　 创建一个尺寸的虚拟替身
2. download an app 下载一个应用序
3. make us self-focused 让我们关注自我
4. the environmental impact of tourism 旅游事业对环境的影响
5. very good indeed 确实非常好
6. a super meal 一顿美餐
7. turn that alarm off 关掉那个闹钟
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. able adj. 能够; 有才能的→enable vt. 使可能, 使发生→unable adj. 未能
→disable vt. 使丧失能力→disabled adj. 残疾的
2. convenient adj. 便的→convenience n. 便, 便利
3. effect n. [C, U]效应; 影响→effective adj. 有效的; 实际的→effectively adv. 有效地; 实际上
4. addict n. [C]对……入迷的人→addicted adj. 对……着迷的; 沉迷的→addiction n. [U, C]瘾, 入迷→addictive adj. 使人上瘾的; 使人入迷的
5. recommend v. 建议, 提议; 推荐→recommendation n. 建议, 提议; 推荐
6. explore vt. 探究; 探讨; 探险→explorer n. 探险者, 勘探者, 考察者→exploration n. [C, U]探索, 探测
7. person n. 个人→personality n. 个性, 性格→personal adj. 个人的, 私人的
8. admit vi. & vt. 承认→admission n. [C]承认, 招认; [U, C]准许加入; [U]入场费
Ⅲ. 话题情境
根据情境和提示完成对话。
Peter: OK, your bill comes to thirty-six dollars.
Jane: Well, I never 1. carry cash on me (随身携带现金) anymore. Can I just Venmo it to you
Peter: What does that mean
Jane: Venmo 2. is an app (是一款应用序) that you download for your smartphone. It
3. connects to your bank card (连接你的银行卡), and you can pay money to other people in about ten seconds.
Peter: That’s cool. Can I use Venmo at stores
Jane: You still can’t use it at most restaurants and big chain stores, but a lot of smaller shops accept it. 4. It’s getting more popular (它变得更受欢迎) all the time.
Peter: All right, how can I sign up for Venmo
Jane: 5. Download the app (下载这个应用序) from the App Store, and I’ll email you an invitation to join.
要点精讲·核心突破
学习提示: 例句及练习中的阴影词汇为课时词汇复现
1. convenience n. 便, 便利 (convenient adj. 便的)
(教材原句)I love exploring new technologies, because they are so convenient.
我喜欢探索新技术, 因为它们很便。
【精要必记】
(1)at one’s convenience 　　 在某人便的时候
for convenience　 为了便起见
for one’s convenience (of)=for the convenience of sb. 　　 为了某人的便
(2)It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 　 某人便做某事
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
②For convenience, he keeps his mobile phone near his bed when he is sleeping.
【写作·提升】 翻译句子
在其他城市工作的人可以便地在网上与家人聊天。
It is convenient for those who work in other cities to have a chat with their family members on the Internet.
2. effect n. 效应; 影响 (effective adj. 有效的, 起作用的　effectively adv. 有效地, 生效地; 实际上)
(经典例句)The traffic laws don’t take effect until the end of the year. 交通法要到年底才生效。
【精要必记】
have an effect on　　　　 对……有影响
in effect 　　　　　　 有效; 实际上
come into effect 生效, 开始实施
bring/put. . . into effect 使生效; 实行, 实施
take effect 生效, 起作用
[巧学助记]　语境串记effect
The new regulation came into effect. Now, it is beginning to take effect. In effect, it has an effect on traffic. People think it is an effective way to stop drunk driving. 新规开始实施了。现在, 它正在开始起作用。实际上, 它对交通有影响。人们认为这是制止酒后驾车的一个有效法。
【知识宽一度】
affect, effect有不同
　　affect主要用作动词, 而effect主要用作名词, 意为“结果, 效果, 作用”, 指affect的结果。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
It is an effective (effect)app which will help you learn languages for free.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)志愿服务对儿童和青少年有着终生的影响。
Volunteering has a lifelong effect on kids and teenagers.
②(应用文之新闻报道)在政策生效之后, 排放有害气体的工厂都关闭了。
Factories that gave out harmful gases were all shut down after the policy came into effect.
3. addicted adj. 对……着迷的; 沉迷的 (addiction n. 入迷; 上瘾　addictive adj. 使人上瘾的　addict n. 上瘾的人)
(教材原句)But you need to be careful about spending too much time on them—you could get addicted. 但你需要小心, 不要在这些东西上花太多时间——你可能会上瘾。
He is an adult, but he dare not admit being a game addict.
他已经成年了, 但他不敢承认自己是个游戏迷。
【精要必记】
get/be/become addicted to(doing)sth. 对……有瘾; 沉迷于……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The problem is that sugar is highly addictive(addict), as study has shown.
②If you have good time management, the addiction (addict) can be reduced.
③(应用文之演讲稿) Anyone, who is addicted to smoking(smoke) wastes a lot of money.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之人物描写) 他也尝试过高尔夫球, 但未能沉迷于此。
He also tried golf but failed to become addicted to it.
4. recommendation n. 建议, 提议; 推荐(recommend vt. 推荐, 介绍; 劝告, 建议)
(教材原句) Do you have any recommendation
你有什么建议吗
My English teacher recommends me to set learning goals and make plans for my English studies.
我的英语老师建议我为我的英语学习制订学习目标和计划。
【精要必记】
(1)recommend sb. to do sth. 建议/劝某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
(2)It is recommended that. . . (should) do. . . 建议……(应该)做……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The expert recommended going (go) there on foot instead of by car.
②He recommended me to read(read) the book a second time.
③I’ll be glad if you can consider my recommendation (recommend).
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之建议信)建议你准备合适的衣服和鞋子。
It is recommended that you(should)prepare suitable clothes and shoes.
5. admit vi. &vt. 承认(admission n. 承认; 准许进入; 入场费)
(经典例句)The ability to admit mistakes shouldn’t be viewed as a weakness, but as a strength.
承认错误的能力不应被视为缺点, 而应被视为优点。
(读后续写之环境描写)The narrow windows admit little light into the room.
窗户狭窄, 只有少量光线可以照进房间。
【精要必记】
admit doing/having done sth. 　　 承认做/做过某事
admit sb. to/into 准许某人进入……; 允许某人加入……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①She apologized to me and admitted taking/having taken (take) my umbrella by mistake.
②Admission(admit)is free and all the students are welcome to this grand event.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)听到他被清华大学录取的消息, 他高兴地跳了起来。
Upon/On hearing the news that he was admitted to Tsinghua University, he jumped with joy.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时过性评价 一”Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 4　Writing Workshop & Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
读写结合·思维构建
个人简介(A Personal Profile)
【文本研读】
Task 1 文本概览·厘清结构
1. Skim and reorder all the parts of a personal profile.
①Conclusion　②Beginning　③Body
答案: ②③①
2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Part 1: Introduce (1)Happy Hermione in detail.
Part 2: Introduce Happy Hermione’s (2)favourite types and books.
Part 3: Happy Hermione’s (3)view.
Task 2 佳句品味·语言表达
人物介绍的常用句子:
1. I’m a senior secondary school student and my favourite subject is English.
2. That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
3. In my opinion, the author did an amazing job.
4. I think it’s fun to hear about new books that other people enjoy.
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　本单元的写作任务是人物描写。人物描写主要是介绍人物的外貌、生平、成就等。人物描写的体裁一般是记叙文, 有时也以看图作文、表格、书信、新闻的形式出现。
开头: 点明人物身份或简单概括人物特点, 让读者快速了解所写对象。
中间: 从外貌、性格、品质等面具体描述。
结尾: 总结人物特点, 表达自己对人物的情感或作出评价。
2. 篇章结构
【语料积累】
1. 话题词汇
(1)figure　　　　 n. 人物
(2)thinker　 n. 思想家; 思想者
(3)establish　 v. 建立, 设立
(4)poet　 n. 诗人
(5)romantic　 adj. 浪漫的; 浪漫主义的
(6)be ready to help others　 乐于助人
(7)apply for a position　 申请职位
(8)have a preference for playing basketball
偏爱打篮球
(9)have a good command of maths
　 精通数学
(10)have a wide knowledge of computer
　 有广泛的计算机知识
2. 话题句式
(1)段首句
①. . . was one of the greatest. . . in the 20th century.
在20世纪……是最伟大的……之一。
②He/She studied at. . . and graduated. . .
他/她在……学习和毕业……
③. . . is the one who impresses me most.
……是使我印象最深刻的人。
(2)主体段落句
①. . . is such a learned/strong-willed person that we all admire/respect him/her.
……是一个如此有学问/意志坚强的人, 我们都钦佩/尊敬他/她。
②He/She devoted all his/her life to. . .
他/她把他/她的一生都献给了……
(3)段尾句
①He/She was highly thought of. . .
他/她被高度评价……
②In my opinion, he/she. . .
在我看来, 他/她……
③He/She will live in the hearts of. . . forever.
他/她将活在……的心中, 直到永远。
【实践应用】
　　假定你是高一学生李华。你的英国朋友吉姆在给你的邮件中提到他对中国儒家文化很感兴趣, 并请你介绍历史人物孔子(Confucius)。请你给吉姆回一封邮件, 介绍孔子, 内容包括:
　　1. 基本情况;
　　2. 主要主张: 仁、义;
　　3. 重要影响。
　　注意:
　　1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
　　2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
【写作思维流】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 在中国古代历史上, 孔子是我最喜欢的人物。(figure)
Confucius is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history.
2. 他是中国的思想家和社会哲学家。(Chinese thinker)
He was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher.
3. (一句多译)他的学说和哲学深深地影响了许多亚洲国家。
(1)His teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced many Asian countries. (influence v. )
(2)His teachings and philosophy have had a deep influence on many Asian countries. (influence n. )
4. (一句多译)他强调善良、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(kindness, duty and order)
(1)He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. (stress)
(2)He attached importance to kindness, duty and order in society. (attach importance to sth. )
5. (一句多译)我们中国人深受他的学说的影响。(teachings)
(1)His teachings greatly influence us Chinese.
(2)We Chinese are greatly influenced by his teachings. (被动)
6. 他激励我永远保持善良和礼貌。(inspire)
He inspires me to always be kind and polite.
7. 那就是我想要被对待的式。(treat)
That’s the way(that/in which) I would like to be treated.
Step 3: 句式升级
8. 用as for升级第1句。
As for Confucius, he is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history.
Step 4: 完美成篇
Dear Jim,
　　It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud of knowing your interest in confucian culture in the ancient Chinese history.
　　As for Confucius, he is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history. He was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher. His teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced many Asian countries. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. We Chinese are greatly influenced by his teachings. He inspires me to always be kind and polite. That’s the way I would like to be treated.
　　Interested in knowing more I can even find you some books! Just let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
阅读体验·能力深化
Reading Clubs 1 & 2
Ⅰ. 阅读Digitising Ancient Art, 完成下面的线索框架图
Along the River During the Qingming Festival
Where was it shown
↓1. the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai
Who created Along the River During the Qingming Festival
↓2. Zhang Zeduan
What does it include
↓3. many details of ancient Chinese customs, lifestyles and technology
How is it shown
↓4. combine modern technology and ancient art by animations
Dunhuang Cave Paintings
Where were Dunhuang Caves protected
↓5. in the Gobi desert in a remote part of Northwest China
What do they have
↓6. many invaluable paintings and sculptures
How many years was this Buddhist artwork created
↓7. over a period of around 1, 000 years
How do art lovers see them
↓8. by a 3D digital projection of the caves
Ⅱ. 阅读Digitising Ancient Art, 判断正(T)误(F)
1. Along the River During the Qingming Festival was created by Chinese artist Zhu Dailin. (　F　)
2. Along the River During the Qingming Festival shows life during the Northern Song period. (　T　)
3. Scientists have invented a 360-degree projection that helps viewers see the paintings. (　T　)
4. Ancient art isn’t accessible to the world because of being protected. (　F　)
Ⅲ. 阅读Wearable Technology, 简要谈谈你对此的认识及想要这种设备的原因(80词左右)
　　Wearable devices are portable devices that can be worn directly on the body or integrated into the user’s clothing or accessories. They are not only hardware devices, but also provide powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. Wearable devices will bring great changes to our life and perception. As for me, I want an intelligent wearable mobile phone. The reasons are as follows: Firstly, it is easier to operate; Secondly, it can be carried around; Thirdly, it is more beautiful and fashionable; Most importantly, it can enhance human capabilities.
摘录文章中的好词佳句, 并补汉语译文
1. Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were amazed by the sight of a huge digital painting.
走进2010年上海世博会中国馆, 人们被一幅巨大的数字绘画惊住了。
2. You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water.
你可以看到风吹过树林, 吹过水面。
要点精讲·核心突破
1. location n. 位置; 地点 (locate v. 确定……的位置; 设立; 迁居; 位于　located adj. 位于; 坐落在)
(2023 新高考Ⅰ卷)With over 2, 500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
我们在战位置的五家租赁店里存放了2 500多辆自行车, 我们确保总有一辆自行车可供你使用。
Our company’s new office building is located beside the subway station, which provides great convenience for employees.
我们公司的新办公楼位于地铁站旁, 这为员工提供了极大的便利。
【精要必记】
be located +介词　　　　　　位于; 坐落在
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之邀请信)I am writing to invite you to see the Chinese Ink Painting exhibition to be held in the art gallery located in our city center from Friday to Sunday next week.
②She shared the location(locate)with one of her friends.
【写作·提升】 句型转换
The house is located in the center of the city, and it is bound to sell for a good price.
→Located in the center of the city, the house is bound to sell for a good price.
2. imaginary adj. 想象的, 虚构的 (imagination n. 想象力; 幻想物　imagine v. 想象　imaginable adj. 想象的, 可想象的)
(教材原句)That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
那就是为什么我相信关于外国文化或虚构世界的书是最好的!
(经典例句)Over the past four months, I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed. 在过去的四个月里, 我从来没有想过一旦我们的项目完成, 我会是什么感觉。
【精要必记】
(1)beyond imagination　　 超出想象, 难以想象
(2)imagine (doing) sth. 想象(做)某事
imagine sb. /one’s doing sth. 想象某人做某事
imagine sb. /sth. as/to be. . . 　 把某人/某物想象成……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①All the characters in the book are imaginary (imagine).
②These technological developments were hardly imaginable(imagine) 30 years ago.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①我想象不出没有电的生活是什么样子的。
I can’t imagine living without electricity.
②(读后续写之人物描写)我不认识我的祖母, 但我总是把她想象成一个和善、温柔的人。
I never knew my grandmother, but I always imagine her as/to be a kind and gentle person.
③云南的土地确实充满了难以想象的魅力和美丽。
The land of Yunnan is indeed filled with charm and beauty beyond imagination.
3. amazing adj. 了不起的; 惊人的
(教材原句)In my opinion, the author did an amazing job of creating a whole new world through this book.
在我看来, 这位作者做了一项了不起的工作, 她通过这本书创造了一个新的世界。
【图解助记】
【知识宽一度】
amazing与amazed的区别
　　amazing指“令人吃惊的”, 强调某人/某事物给他人的感受; 而amazed表示本身的感觉, 并不强调对他人的影响, 多指“(人)感到吃惊的”。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The most amazing (amaze) thing about nature is its infinite(无限的) variety.
②Upon opening the door, I was amazed to see (see) various types of dogs: Poodle, Husky, Samoyed.
③(读后续写之心理描写) Amazed by/at what was before his eyes, Marcus was full of praise for her work.
④(读后续写之人物描写)Liza stared at him in amazement (amaze) and couldn’t believe what she heard.
⑤More and more, I found myself amazed (amaze) at how she saw the world.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
令我非常惊讶的是, 他们的经理同意帮助我实现我的梦想!
To my great amazement, their manager agreed to help me to achieve my dream!
4. accessible adj. 易懂的; 易得到的 (access n. 接近; 通路; 接近或进入的权利/机会/通路v. 进入; 存取(尤指电脑数据); 访问)
(教材原句)It also makes the art accessible to the world while protecting the original artworks for the future.
它也使艺术向世界开放, 同时保护原始艺术品的未来。
(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
随着城市的飞速发展, 生活在城市地区的人们接近自然(的机会)变得越来越难(找到)。
(应用文之推荐信)The book is written in simple language and is accessible to readers of all ages.
这本书用简单的语言写成, 适合各个年龄段的读者阅读。
【精要必记】
(1)be accessible to 可进入……; 可使用……; 易接近……
(2)access to. . . 接近……的机会; 进入……的权利
have/get/gain/obtain access to. . . 可以接近/会见/进入……
【基础·练透】 写出下列句中access的含义/单句语法填空
①To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make students use computers a lot. 接触的机会
②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. 通路
③He accessed three different files to find the correct information. 访问
④The aim of any reform of legal aid should be to make the system accessible (access) to more people.
⑤(读后续写之语言描写)“We focus on urban areas where access to nature is often not that easy”, says Hartley.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
药物不应该放在容易被小孩拿到的地。
→Medicine should not be kept where it is accessible to children. (accessible)
→Medicine should not be kept where children have access to it. (access)
5. That’s why. . . 那就是……的原因
(教材原句)That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
那就是为什么我相信关于外国文化或虚构的世界的书是最好的!
[句型解构]
本句中含有That’s why. . . 句型, 意为“那就是……的原因”。
【知识宽一度】
(1)This/That is why. . . 意为“这/那就是……的原因”, why引导表语从句, why后强调结果。
(2)This/That is because. . . 意为“这/那是因为……”, because引导表语从句, because后强调原因。
(3)The reason why. . . is/was that. . . 意为“……的原因是……”, why引导定语从句, that引导表语从句, 且此句型只能用that引导, 不能用because。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①He didn’t pass the exam yesterday. That’s why he got angry with me.
②He was late for work this morning. That’s because he got caught in a traffic jam.
③The reason why he didn’t pass the driving test was that he was too careless.
【写作·提升】 完成句子/同义句转换
①这是因为尽管存在巨大风险, 但人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。
This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.
②He had not received the invitation. That’s why he didn’t come.
→The reason why he didn’t come is that he had not received the invitation.
【要点拾遗】
1. express vt. 表达; 表示; 表露 (expression n. 表达; 表情　expressive adj. 表现的; 有表现力的)
(教材原句)Digital technology allows today’s artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible.
数字技术允许今天的艺术家以古代艺术家不可能相信的式来表达他们的想法。
(应用文之建议信)If you have trouble understanding some English expressions, you can turn to native speakers for help.
如果你在理解一些英语表达上有困难, 你可以向以英语为母语的人寻求帮助。
【精要必记】
beyond (one’s) expression/words　 难以言表
express one’s. . . for/about/to. . . 　 表达某人对……的……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Judging from her expression (express), she is satisfied with the result of the experiment.
②Every word and gesture is expressive(express) of the artist’s sincerity.
③Punctually at 7: 45, the express to Kuala Lumpur left Singapore station. (express n. 特快列车)
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①在我的演讲中, 我真诚地向观众表达了我的感激之情。
I sincerely expressed my appreciation to my audience in my speech.
②听了她的故事, 我们被感动得难以言表。
Hearing her story, we were moved beyond expression/words.
2. feature n. 特色, 特征; 特写或专题节目vt. 以……为特色
Teamwork is a key feature of the training programme. 团队合作是这项训练计划的重要特点。
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals” made of glass and aluminum. 该设计以10个由玻璃和铝制成的钢制“萼片”为特色。
【精要必记】
feature in　　　 在……中起重要作用
【知识宽一度】
feature与characteristic各有“特色”
feature 原指面积等显著的部分, 还可以指心中所留印象的显著部分
characteristic 指与其他事物区别的特征
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/选词填空(feature/characteristic)/熟词生义
①The play features a beautiful set design in its performance.
②Noise is a feature of city life.
③A characteristic of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.
④It’s a great film and it features a Spanish actor. (feature vt. 由……主演)
【写作·提升】 完成句子
温暖似乎是他所有书中的主要特色。
Warmth seems to feature heavily in all of his books.
3. range n. (变动或浮动的)范围　vi. (在一定的范围内)变动
(教材原句)Descriptions, photos and videos of a wide range of exercises.
对各种训练的描述、照片和视频。
(经典例句)Students can choose from a wide range of options.
学生可以在众多的选修课中进行选择。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之建议信)The new app of students sharing books will make reading available to more students, who can read a wide range of books without actually spending any money.
②We just want to get within range to use our binoculars.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之活动介绍)这个真人秀受到大批观众欢迎, 范围从小孩到老年人。
The reality show is popular with a large audience, ranging from children to the elderly.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时过性评价 四”
“单元素养培优(一)”Unit 4　Information Technology
读后续写高分进阶
动作描写(一)—— 描写与“头、脸”有关的动作
一 主题词汇
动词 (短语) hang低垂　bend弯下　bow点头; 低下(头)　droop耷拉　nod点头　shake摇头　bury埋头于　poke探出　bump碰, 撞　duck低下头　spin(头感到)眩晕　raise抬起　lean斜靠　rest倚靠　look up 抬头　turn转向　rub揉　tighten绷紧　brighten使明亮　burn火辣辣地痛; 发烫　　deform变形　glow发红; 发热　flush发红; 脸红　light up露出喜色
形容词 charming迷人的　bright灿烂的　pale苍白的　fair白皙的　tear-stained布满泪痕的 rosy红润的　wrinkled 有皱纹的　beautiful漂亮的　puzzled迷惑不解的　sunburned晒黑的 　bloodless毫无血色的 副词 seriously严肃地　confusedly困惑地　palely苍白地　shyly害羞地　charmingly迷人地　brightly灿烂地　worriedly焦虑地; 焦急地 embarrassedly 尴尬地　meaningfully意味深长地
二 主题词块
1. shake one’s head　　　　 摇头
2. nod one’s head 点头
3. raise/lift one’s head 抬头
4. scratch one’s head 挠了挠头
5. bow/lower/bend/hang/duck one’s head 低下头/垂下头
6. turn one’s head 转过头
7. stick one’s head out 探头
8. throw one’s head back 后仰
9. pat one’s head 拍一拍头
10. hold one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头
11. rest one’s head on/against 把头靠在……
12. a square/fleshy/round face /胖/圆脸
13. look a little confused 看起来有点困惑
14. a flushed face 满脸通红
15. be covered with wrinkles 布满了皱纹
16. a beauty spot/mark 美人痣
17. pull a long face 耷拉着脸/板着脸
18. cover one’s face 捂住脸
19. turn pale/red 脸色变白/变红
20. go white (因惊吓、害怕等)脸色变白
21. be hot with shame 羞愧难当
22. wear a puzzled look 露出迷惑不解的神情
23. burn with shame 因羞愧而发烫
三 主题句式
1. He sat there with a shake of his head, showing his disagreement.
他坐在那里摇了摇头, 表示不同意。
2. Lovingly, she pressed two gentle kisses on their foreheads, proudly enjoying their best wishes.
她深情地吻了两下他们的额头, 骄傲地享受着他们最美好的祝福。
3. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid/rested her head on his shoulder satisfied.
小女孩立刻放松下来, 径直把头靠在他的肩膀上, 感到很满足。
4. He put his head out of the window.
他从窗口把头探出来。
5. She buried her head in the pillow.
她用枕头捂住脑袋。
6. His head drooped, and tears fell onto his laps.
他耷拉着脑袋, 眼泪滴落在大腿上。
7. A bright smile appeared on/spread across/crossed his face.
他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
8. Her face lit up/brightened/glowed when I gave her the present.
当我送给她那份礼物时, 她的脸上焕发出了光彩。
9. Jack’s face flushed/burned with embarrassment.
杰克尴尬得满脸通红。
10. Her face paled with fright.
她吓得脸都白了。
11. He had a slight frown on his face.
他表现出有点儿愁眉不展的样子。
【情境应用】
Ⅰ. 完成句子
1. She lifted her head(抬头)to gaze at him.
2. He scratched his head(挠了挠头), not understanding a word.
3. They nodded their heads(点头)in agreement.
4. The boy stood there, lowering his head (低着头)and biting his tongue.
5. He tightened his face(绷紧了脸) at the news.
6. His face went white(脸色苍白) and he stood there tongue-tied.
7. Her cheeks were hot with shame(羞愧难当).
Ⅱ. 翻译句子
1. 他微微扭过头, 抬头看着她。
He twisted his head slightly, and looked up at her.
2. 他从门后探出头来看看谁在那儿。
He stuck his head from behind the door to see who was there.
3. 他拍了拍我的头, 告诉我父亲没事。
He patted me on the head and told me my father was OK.
4. 她双手抱头痛哭。
She buried her head in her hands, crying a river.
5. 她一脸惊愕。
A look of surprise spread over her face.
6. 她满脸疑惑。
She had a puzzled look on her face.
7. 这位老师喜欢板着脸。
The teacher likes to pull a long face.
Ⅲ. 片段续写
　　根据以下情境, 使用与“头”有关的动作词汇和句式, 写一篇80词左右的短文。
　　情境提示: 杰克低着头, 眼里含着泪水, 慢慢地走向公共汽车。他的朋友彼得点了点头, 对他微笑。虽然他心情不好, 但他低下头强作掩饰, 勉强挤出一个微笑。他回到家, 把头埋在被子里, 假装睡着了。然而, 他的母亲停止了她的家务, 坐在他身边。然后杰克站起来, 坐在他母亲身边, 把头靠在她的肩膀上, 几乎忍不住哭了起来。
　　Jack walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes. His friend Peter nodded his head and smiled at him. Though he was in a bad mood, he ducked/hung/lowered his head to hide it and forced a smile. When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep. However, his mother stopped her housework, sitting beside him. Then Jack stood up, sat close to his mother, resting his head on/against her shoulder, and could hardly resist weeping.
阶段综合测评, 请使用　“单元形成性评价(一)”Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 3　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. subscribe to newspapers and magazines　　　订阅报纸和杂志
2. use the latest technology 使用最新科技
3. set up an account 建立一个账户
4. ensure success 确保成功
5. press this button to start 按这个按钮开始
6. confirm their time of arrival 确认他们到达的时间
7. hold on to this content 保存这个内容
8. be built on the basis of trust 建立在信任的基础上
9. my opinion on this matter 我对这件事的看法
10. maintain healthy relationships 保持健康关系
11. give a brief response 给出简洁的回复
12. creative arts 创造性的艺术
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. accommodate vt. 为……提供住处/工作场所→accommodation n. 住所, 住处
2. power n. 动力; 权力, 影响力; 控制力→powerful adj. 效能高的; 强壮的, 强有力的
3. real adj. 真实的, 真的→reality n. 真实, 现实
4. favour n. 恩惠; 善意的行为 vt. 偏爱; 赞同; 喜爱; 支持→favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的
5. deliver vt. &vi. 递送, 传送→delivery n. 递送, 发送; 分娩
6. harm vt. & n. 伤害, 损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的
7. argue vi. 争辩, 争吵→argument n. 论点; 论据; 争论, 争辩
8. concentrate vi. 专注, 专心; 集中注意力→concentration n. 专心, 专注
9. reward n. 奖赏, 回报vt. 奖赏; 给以报酬→rewarding adj. 有益的; 有意义的
10. addition n. 增添; 添加→additional adj. 补充的, 额外的, 附加的→additionally adv. 此外→add v. 补充; 添加
11. limit n. 边界; 限度→limited adj. 有限的→limiting adj. 局限的; 限制性的
12. replace vt. 取代; 接替→replacement n. 替代; 替代物
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. work on　　　　　 从事于……
2. help out 帮助……摆脱困境
3. figure out 解决; 算出; 想出; 理解
4. set up 建立; 装配; 开业; 竖立
5. sign up 签约雇用, 签约参加
6. in addition 除此之外
7. focus on 关注
8. in one’s opinion 根据某人的看法; 在某人看来
9. call for 要求; 需要; 为……叫喊
10. hold on 不挂断电话, 等一下; 继续
11. point out 指出, 指明
12. on the basis of 根据; 基于……
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships. (while引导让步状语从句)
虽然互联网可以拉近人们的距离, 但它也会伤害友谊。
2. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others. (it作形式宾语)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯 丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表现出善意。
3. As we know, important social skills are developed through direct contact with other people. (as引导非限制性定语从句)
正如我们所知, 重要的社交技能是通过与他人的直接接触而培养的。
4. It is these skills that enable us to develop lifelong friendships. (强调句)
正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。
5. Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be. (what引导表语从句)
第三, 网络关系可能并不是表面上看起来的那样。
6. This is the best way to maintain healthy relationships. (动词不定式作定语)
这是保持健康关系的最好法。
语篇精读·互动探究
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para. 1: General (1)idea
Paras. 2~4: Three (2)arguments
Para. 5: The writer’s (3)views
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
The passage is mainly about different views on the influence of the Internet on friendships.
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A. Showing kindness to others.
B. Often talking with others online.
C. Communicating through a screen.
D. Social skills developed through direct contact with other people.
2. What are friendships built on according to the passage
A. The basis of trust. B. Online communication.
C. Online popularity. D. The number of “likes”.
3. What is the same idea of Robert and Cathy
A. The Internet can harm friendships.
B. The Internet has no effects on friendships.
C. The Internet can help develop friendships.
D. The Internet can bring people closer together.
4. Which one is a traditional way of communicating
A. A smartphone. 　 B. A computer.
C. A phone call. 　 D. A tablet.
5. What’s the author’s attitude towards the Internet
A. Favorable. 　 B. Opposed.
C. Ambiguous. 　 D. Not mentioned.
答案: 1~5. DADCA
Task 3 阅读升华·拓展思维
1. What kind of apps do you often use
As a student, I often use some educational apps.
2. What can you do when you use educational apps
Generally speaking, I mainly look up some materials through these educational apps.
3. Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships Give your reasons.
In my opinion, the Internet helps friendships. The reasons are as follows: Firstly, with the development of technology, people’s daily communication is becoming more and more various and people can get in touch with each other by many kinds of chat apps. Secondly, it can protect ourselves in some cases.
Task 4 长句难句·释疑解难
1. Friendships are built on the basis of trust, and with online communication you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being honest about who they are.
[句式分析]本句中that引导宾语从句; you are chatting to为省关系代词who/that的定语从句, 修饰先行词people; who引导宾语从句。
[自主翻译]友谊是建立在信任的基础上的, 而在网络交流中, 你永远不可能百分之百确定与你聊天的人是否以诚相待。
2. Because of this, going online can be particularly dangerous for people who are easily influenced or too trusting.
[句式分析]本句中Because of this为介词短语作状语; who引导定语从句, 修饰先行词people。
[自主翻译]正因为如此, 上网对那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说可能特别危险。
Task 5 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Does the Internet harm 1. or help friendships People hold different views about it.
　　In Robert’s opinion, the Internet is harmful to friendships. Firstly, communicating through a screen cannot replace face-to-face contact, for important social skills 2. are developed(develop) through direct contact with other people rather than by communicating online. Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred. Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be and can be 3. particularly(particular) dangerous for people 4. who are easily influenced or too trusting. 5. To maintain (maintain) healthy relationships, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and 6. less (little) on online communication.
　　However, Cathy makes a completely different 7. argument(argue). She believes that the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. 8. Compared(compare) with traditional ways of communicating, the Internet makes communication much more convenient and more fun. 9. In addition, online communication can actually bring people closer to each other. And Internet users can turn to friends from all over the world for 10. useful(use) suggestions or information with just a click. This makes friends feel loved and cared for.
要点精讲·核心突破
1. subscribe vi. 订阅, 订购 (subscriber n. 订购者, (报刊的)订阅者; 定期捐助者, 资助者　subscription n. 订阅费, 订阅, 订购)
(经典例句)He plans to subscribe to China Daily to read English news every day.
他计划订阅《中国日报》, 每天读英语新闻。
(经典例句) It happens that I have just seen the film, and I subscribe to your opinion about it.
碰巧我刚看过这部电影, 我同意你对它的看法。
【精要必记】
subscribe to　　　　 同意, 赞成; 订购
subscribe sth. to 捐助
subscribe for 认购(股份等)
【知识宽一度】
表示“同意, 赞成”的短语
①be for　②submit to　③agree to/with　④approve of　⑤in favour of
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①I subscribe to several scientific magazines to keep up with the latest research.
②(应用文之活动介绍)Although the library was open to everyone, all readers had to pay a membership or subscription(subscribe) fee in order to borrow books.
③Employees subscribed for far more shares than were available.
④The subscriber(subscribe) to a government loan has got higher interest than savings.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
他给一家动物保护协会捐了一大笔钱。
He subscribed a large sum of money to an animal protection society.
2. powerful adj. 效能高的; 强有力的; 强壮的 (power n. 动力; 权力, 影响力; 控制力v. 给(车辆或机器)提供动力)
(教材原句)Educational apps are becoming increasingly powerful.
教育应用序正变得越来越强大。
(经典例句)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. 农业使人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。
【精要必记】
come to/into power　　　　 掌权; 上台; 执政
in power 当权; 掌权
beyond one’s power 不能胜任; 超过了某人的能力
do everything within/in one’s power 竭尽力
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s beyond my power to do so.
②When the government came to/into power, he was named minister of culture.
③(读后续写之人物描写)He knew accomplishing a challenging event would make an incredibly powerful (power) impact.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
我会尽力帮助你的。
→I will try my best to help you. (try one’s best)
→I will do everything in/within my power to help you. (do everthing in/within one’s power)
3. press vt. 按 (pressure n. 压力)
(教材原句)First, press the “Sign Up” button.
首先, 按“注册”按钮。
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
这里有一些建议, 可以帮助你做出明智的决定, 将我们访问的地的压力降到最低, 并改善我们的体验。
【精要必记】
(1)press sb. into doing sth. /to do sth. 催促/逼迫某人做某事
press against 挤压; 压在……上
(2)under pressure 在压力之下
under the pressure of 在……的压力下
put pressure on sb. 向某人施加压力
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Her health broke down under the pressure of work.
②I knew she was going to put pressure on me to give up the idea.
③I noticed that he pressed his back against the door.
④They held daily press briefings. (press n. 新闻)
【写作·提升】 一句多译
妈妈催我做作业。
→My mother pressed me into doing my homework. (press sb. into doing sth. )
→My mother pressed me to do my homework. (press sb. to do sth. )
4. favour n. 恩惠; 善意的行为
(教材原句)Can you do me a favour and find out what’s going on
你能帮我个忙, 看看发生了什么事吗
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner.
我喜欢去法国旅游, 但在选择我最喜欢的定居地点时, 意大利显然是赢家。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之动作、神情描写)I was about to purchase my favorite(favour) bicycle with that money when I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the old truck, looking sad.
②The poor boy didn’t know what to do, so he went to ask a favour of his parents.
③The new manager has created a very favourable
(favour) impression on us.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之求助信)我想告诉你一些关于我暑假计划的事情, 并且我希望你能帮我一个忙。
I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I’d like you to do me a favour/do a favour for me.
②他说他赞成这个计划, 我们其他人也这么说。
He said he was in favour of the plan; so did the rest of us.
5. confirm vt. 确认; 证实
(教材原句)Would you like me to confirm my account details
你要我确认一下我的账户详情吗
He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.
他被任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。
【精要必记】
confirm one’s belief　　 坚定某人的信念
confirm sb. in. . . 使某人在……面更加坚定
confirm sb. as sth. 任命某人为……
be confirmed by sb. 被某人认可
It has been confirmed that. . . 已确定/证实……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①It has confirmed me in my decision to become a pilot.
②They worked out an effective method, which was confirmed (confirm) by the leadership.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①最近的飞机失事坚定了我的信念, 即需要更严格的安规定。
The recent airplane crash confirms my belief that stronger safety regulations are needed.
②已经确认新经理将在一周内宣布他的改革计划。
It has been confirmed that the new manager will announce his reforming plans in one week.
6. deliver vt. & vi. 递送; 传送 (delivery n. 投递; 送货; 分娩)
(教材原句)OK. . . Well, according to my records, Ms Smith, your order was delivered last week.
好吧……哦, 根据我的记录, 史密斯女士, 你的订单是上周送达的。
(经典例句)Actual time of your order confirmation is important to determining the exact delivery time.
实际的订单确认时间对于确定准确的发货时间是重要的。
【精要必记】
be delivered of=give birth to　 生孩子, 分娩
deliver sth. to sb. 　 把……传递给某人
deliver a speech 发表演说
【知识宽一度】
巧记deliver的不同含义
【基础·练透】 写出下列句子中deliver的含义/单句语法填空
①Could you deliver this letter to the accounts department 投递
②The president will deliver a speech on national security tomorrow. 发表
③In her 40 years of practice, the doctor delivered many babies. 接生(小孩)
④Would you deliver my message to your mother
⑤Food delivery(deliver) service workers are pressured because of competing hard for business.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之演讲稿)我很荣幸能发表关于“我们能为我们的学校做些什么”的演讲。
It’s my privilege to deliver a speech about “what we can do for our school”.
7. harm vt. &n. 伤害, 损害(harmful adj. 有害的, 造成伤害的　harmless adj. 无害的, 无恶意的)
(教材原句)While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships.
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近, 但它也会损害友谊。
(经典例句)The students learned about the harmful effects of pollution on the environment, especially how destructive it can be to wildlife habitats.
学生们了解了污染对环境的有害影响, 特别是污染对野生动物栖息地的破坏性。
【精要必记】
(1)do/cause harm to　　　　 对……造成伤害
There is no harm in doing. . . 做某事无害处
(2)be harmful to. . . 对……有害
[易混辨析]
辨析wound/injure/hurt/harm
wound 指外伤, 如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤, 尤指在战斗中受伤
injure “损害; 受伤”, 指由于意外或事故而受伤, 着重指容貌、机能的损坏
hurt 指肉体上, 也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛; 痛苦; 伤心”
harm 肉体上, 也可指精神上的伤害, 可能会带来不便
【基础·练透】单句语法填空
①The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which does great harm to their health.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how harmful(harm) microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.
【写作·提升】 句型转换
①The polluted air is harmful to our health.
→The polluted air does harm to our health.
②(应用文之建议信)It does no harm for you to get up early.
→There is no harm in your getting up early.
→Getting up early is harmless to you.
8. argument n. 论点; 论据 (argue vi. 争辩, 争吵)
(教材原句)To me, this is a very thought-provoking argument, as it points out the benefits of online friendships. 对我来说, 这非常发人深省, 因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
【精要必记】
(1)It is beyond argument that. . . 　　 无可争辩的是……
(2)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论/辩论某事
argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that. . . 主张; 认为
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①It’s no use arguing with him about the question for he won’t change his mind.
②When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument (argue).
【写作·提升】 语段填词
他反对吸烟, 坚持说吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。最后, 他说服他的爸爸戒了烟。
He argued against smoking, and insisted that it was beyond argument that smoking was harmful to health. At last, he argued his father out of smoking.
9. replace vt. 取代; 接替 (replacement n. [U]代替; 替换 [C]替换的人/物)
(教材原句)Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug.
首先, 在网上聊天并不能代替面对面的交流——图片当然无法代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
印刷文本在教育中不能完被取代。
【精要必记】
replace sb. /sth. 　　　　 代替某人/某物
replace A with/by B 用B替换/代替A
take the place of=replace 取代
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
My request is that I should get a replacement(replace) for the broken TV, or I should receive a full refund.
【写作·提升】 完成句子/一句多译
①随着针灸的发展, 简单的砭石被石针所取代。
As acupuncture developed, the simple bian stones were replaced by stone needles.
②我将代替我的同桌参加这次运动会。
→I will replace my deskmate to take part in the sports meeting.
→I will take the place of my deskmate to take part in the sports meeting.
10. concentrate vi. 专注, 专心; 集中注意力 (concentration n. 专心, 集中)
(教材原句)According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
There is a need for greater concentration on environmental issues.
有必要更加关注环境问题。
【精要必记】
concentrate on (doing) sth. 　　聚精会神于(做)某事
concentrate one’s attention/energy on/upon (doing). . . 集中某人的注意力/精力于(做)……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之心理描写)My concentration(concentrate) was like a rock, focused on the task at hand.
②They will concentrate on teaching (teach) the students to read and write.
③With his attention concentrated (concentrate) on his experiment, he had no time for his family.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之心理描写)大声的音乐使我无法集中注意力看书。
I can’t concentrate my attention on/upon my book with the loud music going on.
11. rewarding adj. 有益的; 有意义的 (reward n. 酬谢; 奖赏; 赏金 v. 酬谢; 奖赏)
(教材原句)How many followers do I have —though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships.
多少人关注了我 ——尽管我们知道有多少“赞”或关注者无法与拥有长期和有益的友谊相比。
(2023 新高考Ⅱ卷)You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. 你将获得艺术生活的回报。
【精要必记】
be rewarded for　　　　 因……而得到回报
be rewarded with 得到……回报/奖赏
give sb. a reward for. . . 因某事给某人报酬/回报
in reward=as a reward 作为报答
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①After months of hard training, she was rewarded with a gold medal at the competition.
②Travelling along the ancient Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding(reward) experience.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。
→I gave him a book bought from Shanghai in reward for his help. (reward n. )
→As a reward for his help, I gave him a book which was bought from Shanghai. (reward n. )
→I rewarded him with a book which I bought from Shanghai for his help. (reward v. )
12. addition n. 增添; 添加 (additional adj. 额外的, 附加的　additionally adv. 此外)
(教材原句)In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
此外, 很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。
In addition to his full- time job, he also volunteers at the local community center on weekends.
除了职工作, 他周末还在当地社区中心做志愿者。
【精要必记】
in addition=besides/furthermore/what’s more　　 另外, 而且
in addition to=besides/apart from/as well as 除……之外还……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之建议信)Working out in the morning provides additional (addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Additionally(additional), the research didn’t include all types of plastics.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之活动介绍)除了这些传统活动, 我们还有许多不同的选择, 比如旅游和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。
In addition to/Besides/As well as these traditional activities, we have many different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
13. content n. 内容 adj. 满足的; 满意的
The little girl is easy to feel content, and even a small piece of chocolate will make her day.
这个小女孩很容易感到满足, 哪怕是一小块巧克力也会让她开心。
【精要必记】
(1)be/feel content with. . . 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 乐于做某事
(2)content oneself with. . . 满足于……
【知识深一度】
content的单复数形式
　　content 表示(书、讲话、节目等的)主题、主要内容时, 用单数形式。表示目录、所容纳之物或所含之物时, 用复数形式。
[巧学助记]
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①My parents are content to live (live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
②(读后续写之心理描写) He seemed content with whatever they gave him.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。
→Those who are content with their present situations will surely make no difference in life. (content adj. )
→Those who content themselves with their present situations will surely make no difference in life. (content v. )
14. focus vi. &vt. 集中(注意力) n. 焦点
(教材原句)In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. 在我看来, 朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流, 少进行线上交流。
【图解助记】
【知识宽一度】
图解focus的不同含义
【知识延伸】
“专心于, 神贯注于”大集合:
①focus(one’s attention/mind) on/upon　②be buried in　③be lost in
④be absorbed in　⑤be devoted to
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之科学技术)There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning to come into focus: food.
②(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own health and are more focused(focus) on adding physical activity into their lives.
【写作·提升】 完成句子/一句多译
①你最好把你的注意力放在学习上。
You’d better focus your attention on/upon your study.
②察觉到我的困惑, 我的老师告诉我, 只要专注于小事, 我就可以做出很大的改变。
→Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that by just focusing on small things, I can make a big difference.
→Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that by just concentrating on/focusing my attention on small things, I can make a big difference.
15. make+宾语十宾语补足语
(教材原句)According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
[句型解构]
本句使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to concentrate or show kindness to others。
【知识深一度】
“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中
宾语补足语的形式
　　在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中, 宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带to)等来充当。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①People in the West make it a rule to buy New Year presents for their relatives and friends.
②He spoke in a loud voice to make himself heard(hear).
③Every student was made to understand(understand) what the teacher said in the class.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①水里的矿物质让水喝起来口感不好。
The minerals in the water made it unpleasant to drink.
②我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文, 这对我们的英语学习有益。
Our English teacher often makes us retell the texts, which is beneficial to our English study.
【要点拾遗】
account n. 账户
(教材原句)No, I’ve downloaded it, but I can’t figure out how to set up an account.
不, 我已经下载了它, 但我不知道如何建立一个账户。
(经典例句)She retired early on account of ill health. 她体弱多病, 所以提前退休。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①On account of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to China.
②He gave a detailed account of what had happened on the fateful night.
【写作·提升】 句型转换
①(应用文之申请信)I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
→I’d appreciate it if you could take account of my application.
②Visitors are on no account allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park.
→On no account are visitors allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park.
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 一词多义
1. device
A. n. 炸弹　B. n. 装置, 设备　C. n. 策　D. n. 诡计
(1)There is a new device for cars that warns drivers of traffic jams ahead. 　B　
(2)A powerful device exploded(爆炸) outside the station. 　A　
(3)Sending advertising by email is very successful as a marketing device. 　C　
(4)The report was a device used to hide rather than solve problems. 　D　
2. content
A. n. 目录　B. adj. 满意的　C. n. 内容　D. n. 含量
(1)You are recommended to read the contents of the magazine first. 　A　
(2)They worry about the fat and calorie content of the food. 　D　
(3)The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study. 　C　
(4)Most of them attending the meeting felt content. 　B　
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
en-常用于形容词前构成动词
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
sure adj. →ensure v. 确保, 保证
(1)rich adj. →enrich v. 丰富
(2)large adj. →enlarge v. 扩大
(3)able adj. →enable v. 使能够, 使可能
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
(1)(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)This mountain walk provides an insight into the skills required for hillwalking to ensure (sure) you get the most from future walking trips.
(2)(2021·浙江高考·语法填空)Lincolns enlarged (enlarge) the house to a full two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2023·国乙卷·七选五)Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory.
一些研究支持了这一观点, 并发现室内植物可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力。
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. A few minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是一种有益的体验。
3. (2024·浙江1月高考·七选五)A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.
一项调查发现, 29%的大学生注册了网络课。
4. (2021·浙江高考·阅读理解C)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something.
如果你觉得你的狗能“分辨”你看起来是满意还是生气, 你可能会有些想法。
5. (2020· 天津高考·阅读理解A)Once the book you’ve requested is delivered to the nearest branch(分店), they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick it up.
一旦你所要求的书被送到最近的分店, 他们就会通过电子邮件通知你, 这样你就可以取它了。
语法精研·学思悟透
复合词(Compound Words)
【教材自主探究】
分析以下课文句子并思考黑体部分的组成及功能。
1. Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug.
2. Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred—not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.
3. Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be.
4. Using a smartphone, a tablet or a computer, you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move.
探究: 判断黑体部分的类型
含有复合名词的是4; 含有复合形容词的是1, 2, 3。
【语法精要点拨】
　　复合词为两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成的一个新词, 前一个词修饰或限定后一个词。
1. 复合名词
构成法 举例
名词+名词 weekend周末　bookmark书签　guidebook旅游指南
名词+动名词 handwriting书法　sightseeing观光
名词+动词-er painkiller镇痛剂　storyteller讲故事的人
动词+名词 typewriter打字机　postmark邮戳
形容词+名词 gentleman绅士
名词+动词 handshake握手　sunset日落
介词+名词 by-product副产品
副词+动词 income收入　output产量, 输出
动词+副词 clean-up 打扫　check-up检查
【知识宽一度】
合成名词的复数形式
以不可数名词结尾的合成名词无复数形式 homework
以man或woman修饰的合成名词变复数时, 前后两个名词都变成复数 woman doctor→ women doctors
以两个名词构成的合成名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外), 一般把后面的名词变成复数 boyfriend→boyfriends paper bag→paper bags
以“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的合成名词变复数时, 把前面名词变成复数 sister-in-law→sisters-in-law
以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的合成名词变复数时, 在结尾加-s grown-up→grown-ups stand-by→stand-bys
2. 复合形容词
构成法 举例
名词+形容词 lifelong终身的, 毕生的 snow-white雪白的
名词+v. -ing English-speaking讲英语的 nature-loving热爱自然的
名词+过去分词 fun-filled充满乐趣的 man-made人造的
形容词+v. -ing good-looking相貌好看的
形容词+过去分词 strong-minded意志坚强的 absent-minded心不在焉的 electric-powered电动的
副词+过去分词 well-educated受过良好教育的 newly-made新造的 well-known著名的
副词+v. -ing hard-working 勤劳的
介词+名词/v. -ing underlying隐含的, 潜在的 in-vehicle汽车内的
过去分词+副词 built-in内置的
3. 复合动词
构成法 举例
形容词+动词 ill-treat虐待　whitewash掩盖; 粉饰
副词+动词 overcome战胜　overthrow推翻
名词+动词 sleep-walk梦游
4. 复合副词
构成法 举例
形容词+副词 everywhere到处　somehow不知何故
副词+副词 however然而
介词+副词 forever永远
介词+名词 beforehand预先　downstairs在楼下
5. 复合介词
构成法 举例
副词+名词 inside在……里　outside在……外
介词+副词 throughout遍及 within在……之内
副词+介词 into到……里　upon在……之上
6. 复合代词
构成法 举例
代词宾格+self herself她自己　himself他自己
物主代词+self myself我自己　yourself你自己
形容词+名词 anything任何东西　everything一切东西
【即学活用】
(1)翻译下列合成名词
①snowfall　　 下雪
②horse-riding 骑马
③greenhouse 温室
④reading-room 阅览室
⑤day-dreaming 白日梦
⑥son-in-law 女婿
⑦shoe-maker 鞋匠
⑧motorway 高速公路
⑨rooftop 屋顶
⑩runway 跑道
(2)从框里选择合适的合成词并用其适当形式填空
grown-up, man-made, newly-born, passer-by, warm-hearted
①Some passers-by lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
②Many countries have sent up man-made satellites to circle the earth.
③My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely newly-born baby.
④It isn’t only children that like such jokes; grown-ups are fond of them, too.
⑤My neighbors are warm-hearted and they are always ready to help people in trouble.
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 指出句中加黑复合词的类型
1. (2024·北京高考·阅读理解C)It can be imagined that comparable to the process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise. 名词+过去分词
2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C)Inside the office, they encourage recycling and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic. 形容词+名词
3. (2024·国甲卷·阅读理解A)We look forward to welcoming you as we showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances, art exhibitions and art-making activities. 名词+v. -ing
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)I keep two reference books close-by on my desk: dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典). 形容词+介词
5. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights 形容词+过去分词
Ⅱ. 从框里选择合适的复合词并用其适当形式填空
low-income, life-saving, lifestyle, outside
1. (2025·八省联考·阅读理解B)In many communities, that trust is won every day when life-saving medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)You can also bike along lovely landscapes outside of Amsterdam.
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)You can view these practices as a toolbox meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist lifestyle that works for your particular circumstances.
4. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解B)And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four low-income schools.
Ⅲ. 单句写作
1. (2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)To make some of my landscape shots, I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame.
为了拍摄一些风景照片, 我花了4个小时的路, 在10分钟内拍摄。
2. (2024·国甲卷·阅读理解C)The Saint Lukas is one of five government-sponsored medical trains that travel to remote towns in central and eastern Russia.
圣卢卡斯号是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一, 前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏远城镇。
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)We’re trying to generate a language that helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives.
我们试图创造一种语言, 帮助将人与自然的互动带回到我们的日常生活。
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时过性评价 三”(共22张PPT)
Unit 4　Information Technology
[主题语境:
人与社会之信息技术]
Part 1　Topic Talk
01
02
情境活动·听说演练
要点精讲·核心突破
01
情境活动·听说演练
Ⅰ. 话题词汇
1. create a full-body _______　 创建一个尺寸的虚拟替身
2. _________ an ____ 下载一个应用序
3. make us ___________ 让我们关注自我
4. the environmental _______ of tourism 旅游事业对环境的影响
5. very good _______ 确实非常好
6. a ______ meal 一顿美餐
7. turn that ______ off 关掉那个闹钟
avatar
download
app
self-focused
impact
indeed
super
alarm
Ⅱ. 拓展词汇
1. able adj. 能够; 有才能的→_______vt. 使可能, 使发生→unable adj. 未能
→disable vt. 使丧失能力→disabled adj. 残疾的
2. ___________adj. 便的→____________n. 便, 便利
3. ______n. [C, U]效应; 影响→effective adj. 有效的; 实际的
→effectively adv. 有效地; 实际上
4. _______n. [C]对……入迷的人→_________adj. 对……着迷的; 沉迷的→addiction n. [U, C]瘾, 入迷→addictive adj. 使人上瘾的; 使人入迷的
enable
convenient
convenience
effect
addict
addicted
5. recommend v. 建议, 提议; 推荐→________________n. 建议, 提议; 推荐
6. ________vt. 探究; 探讨; 探险→explorer n. 探险者, 勘探者, 考察者
→exploration n. [C, U]探索, 探测
7. _______n. 个人→___________n. 个性, 性格→personal adj. 个人的, 私人的
8. _______vi. & vt. 承认
→admission n. [C]承认, 招认; [U, C]准许加入; [U]入场费
recommendation
explore
person
personality
admit
Ⅲ. 话题情境
根据情境和提示完成对话。
Peter: OK, your bill comes to thirty-six dollars.
Jane: Well, I never 1. ________________(随身携带现金) anymore. Can I just
Venmo it to you
Peter: What does that mean
Jane: Venmo 2. _________(是一款应用序) that you download for your
smartphone. It 3. _________________________(连接你的银行卡), and you
can pay money to other people in about ten seconds.
carry cash on me
is an app
connects to your bank card
Peter: That’s cool. Can I use Venmo at stores
Jane: You still can’t use it at most restaurants and big chain stores, but a lot of
smaller shops accept it. 4. _______________________(它变得更受欢迎) all the
time.
Peter: All right, how can I sign up for Venmo
Jane: 5. _________________(下载这个应用序) from the App Store, and I’ll
email you an invitation to join.
It’s getting more popular
Download the app
02
要点精讲·核心突破
学习提示: 例句及练习中的阴影词汇为课时词汇复现
1. convenience n. 便, 便利 (convenient adj. 便的)
(教材原句)I love exploring new technologies, because they are so convenient.
我喜欢探索新技术, 因为它们很便。
【精要必记】
(1)at one’s convenience 　　 在某人便的时候
for convenience　 为了便起见
for one’s convenience (of)=for the convenience of sb. 　　
为了某人的便
(2)It is convenient for sb. to do sth. 　
某人便做某事
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①I would really appreciate it if you could reply to me ___your earliest
convenience.
②_____convenience, he keeps his mobile phone near his bed when he is
sleeping.
【写作·提升】 翻译句子
在其他城市工作的人可以便地在网上与家人聊天。
_________________________________________________________________
_____________________________
at
For
It is convenient for those who work in other cities to have a chat with their
family members on the Internet.
2. effect n. 效应; 影响 (effective adj. 有效的, 起作用的　effectively adv. 有效地, 生效地; 实际上)
(经典例句)The traffic laws don’t take effect until the end of the year. 交通法要到年底才生效。
【精要必记】
have an effect on　　　　 对……有影响
in effect 　　　　　　 有效; 实际上
come into effect 生效, 开始实施
bring/put. . . into effect 使生效; 实行, 实施
take effect 生效, 起作用
[巧学助记]　语境串记effect
The new regulation came into effect. Now, it is beginning to take effect. In effect, it has an effect on traffic. People think it is an effective way to stop drunk driving. 新规开始实施了。现在, 它正在开始起作用。实际上, 它对交通有影响。人们认为这是制止酒后驾车的一个有效法。
【知识宽一度】
affect, effect有不同
　　affect主要用作动词, 而effect主要用作名词, 意为“结果, 效果, 作用”, 指affect的结果。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
It is an _________(effect) app which will help you learn languages for free.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)志愿服务对儿童和青少年有着终生的影响。
Volunteering _____________________kids and teenagers.
②(应用文之新闻报道)在政策生效之后, 排放有害气体的工厂都关闭了。
Factories that gave out harmful gases were all shut down after the policy _____
__________.
effective
came
into effect
has a lifelong effect on
3. addicted adj. 对……着迷的; 沉迷的 (addiction n. 入迷; 上瘾　addictive adj. 使人上瘾的　addict n. 上瘾的人)
(教材原句)But you need to be careful about spending too much time on them—you could get addicted. 但你需要小心, 不要在这些东西上花太多时间——你可能会上瘾。
He is an adult, but he dare not admit being a game addict.
他已经成年了, 但他不敢承认自己是个游戏迷。
【精要必记】
get/be/become addicted to(doing)sth. 对……有瘾; 沉迷于……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The problem is that sugar is highly _________(addict), as study has shown.
②If you have good time management, the __________(addict) can be reduced.
③(应用文之演讲稿) Anyone, who is addicted to _________(smoke) wastes a
lot of money.
addictive
addiction
smoking
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之人物描写) 他也尝试过高尔夫球, 但未能沉迷于此。
He also tried golf but failed to ___________________.
become addicted to it
4. recommendation n. 建议, 提议; 推荐(recommend vt. 推荐, 介绍; 劝告, 建议)
(教材原句) Do you have any recommendation
你有什么建议吗
My English teacher recommends me to set learning goals and make plans for my English studies.
我的英语老师建议我为我的英语学习制订学习目标和计划。
【精要必记】
(1)recommend sb. to do sth. 建议/劝某人做某事
recommend doing sth. 建议做某事
(2)It is recommended that. . . (should) do. . . 建议……(应该)做……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The expert recommended ______(go) there on foot instead of by car.
②He recommended me ________(read) the book a second time.
③I’ll be glad if you can consider my ________________(recommend).
going
to read
recommendation
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之建议信)建议你准备合适的衣服和鞋子。
_______________________________________suitable clothes and shoes.
It is recommended that you(should)prepare
5. admit vi. &vt. 承认(admission n. 承认; 准许进入; 入场费)
(经典例句)The ability to admit mistakes shouldn’t be viewed as a weakness, but as a strength.
承认错误的能力不应被视为缺点, 而应被视为优点。
(读后续写之环境描写)The narrow windows admit little light into the room.
窗户狭窄, 只有少量光线可以照进房间。
【精要必记】
admit doing/having done sth. 　 承认做/做过某事
admit sb. to/into 准许某人进入……; 允许某人加入……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①She apologized to me and admitted ___________________(take) my umbrella
by mistake.
②___________(admit)is free and all the students are welcome to this grand event.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)听到他被清华大学录取的消息, 他高兴地跳了起来。
Upon/On hearing the news _______________________________________, he
jumped with joy.
taking/having taken
that he was admitted to Tsinghua University
Admission(共75张PPT)
Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 2　Lesson 1
01
02
04
03
必备知识·自主导学
语篇精读·互动探究
语法精研·学思悟透
要点精讲·核心突破
01
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. in virtual world　　　 在_____世界
2. try being someone of the opposite sex　 尝试换个_____
3. blog avatar　 _____头像
4. create your own ______ 创造你自己的形象
5. dress themselves in ______clothes 给他们自己穿上华丽的衣服
虚拟
性别
博客
image
fancy
6. ______others 哄骗他人
7. these digital _________ 这些数字身份
8. ___________with different hairstyles 尝试不同的发型
9. ______others online 在网上欺骗他人
10. _____them in a more positive light 从更加积极的角度看待它们
trick
identities
experiment
cheat
view
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. vary v. 相异, 不同→________n. 多样化, 变化→________adj. 各种各样的
→varied adj. 各种各样的, 形形色色的
2. sense n. 意义; 感官→________adj. 合理的, 明智的; 朴素实用的
→sensitive adj. 敏感的; 善解人意的
3. create vt. 创造; 创作→creative adj. 有创造力的, 创造性的
→__________n. 创造力, 独创性
variety
various
sensible
creativity
4. obvious adj. 明显的, 显而易见的→__________adv. 明显地; 显而易见地
5. ______vt. 挑选→_________n. 选择; 供选择的同类物品
6. ________n. 担忧, 忧虑vt. 使担心; 与……相关
→concerned adj. 担心的; 关切的→concerning prep. 关于
obviously
select
selection
concern
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. ______________　　 　　 盼望, 期待
2. ____________ 代替; 而不是……
3. ___________ 各种各样的
4. have the power to do sth. _____________
5. more or less _________
6. move around _______________
7. in a more positive light ___________________
8. look like _____________
look forward to
instead of
a variety of
有能力做某事
或多或少
绕着……来回转
从更积极的角度来看
看起来像……
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. These digital identities, ________________, are a key part of how people use
the Internet to communicate and express themselves. (动词-ed形式短语作定语)
这些数字身份, 即虚拟形象, 是人们如何利用互联网进行沟通和表达自己
的关键部分。
known as avatars
2. Some users worry that they are ____________________________________
_____ they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. (so. . . that
引导结果状语从句)
一些用户担心, 他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间, 以至于他们开始害怕
在现实世界中与人见面。
3. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot,
perhaps, about ________________________. (what引导名词性从句)
他们也会尝试不同的发型, 这也许说明了他们想要看起来是什么样子。
spending so much time in virtual worlds
that
what they want to look like
4. Most people create avatars _________________________________________
and that look more or less like them and act like them. (that引导定语从句)
大多数人创造的虚拟形象和他们的个性有相似的特征, 看起来或多或少像
他们, 行为也像他们。
that have similar features to their personalities
02
语篇精读·互动探究
学习提示: 课文注释解读、难句分析、文本翻译, 详见“附录”。
【新课导入】
Discuss and answer the following questions.
1. What are people’s views on the use of avatars
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
Different people have different opinions. Some users are concerned about
the fear of meeting people in the real world, the risks associated with using
multiple avatars, and the more positive attitude towards avatars.
2. Can you give examples of the risks of using avatars What can you do to
prevent such risks
________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________
For example, the use of a profile picture in some applications that involve
passwords or personal information may pose security risks. The way to
solve this problem is for individuals to be risk-aware.
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
Avatars
Para. 1: The (1)_________ of an avatar
Para. 2: The (2)_______ of avatars
Paras. 3-5: The (3)_________ of using avatars
Para. 6: The views about (4) _______
definition
history
purposes
avatars
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
A. Something about the virtual avatars.
B. People’s views on virtual avatars.
C. The development history of online avatars.
D. The advantage and disadvantage about virtual avatars.
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. When were avatars being used in web chats like instant messenger
A. In the 1980s. 　　　　 B. By the late 1990s.
C. Nowadays. 　 D. In the 1970s.
2. What do you want to express when choosing a picture of a cute cat
A. I am lovely. B. I’m a funny person.
C. I like relaxing and having fun. D. I like animals.
3. What situation do the avatars have today
A. They can talk alone.
B. They are everywhere.
C. They are used by different people.
D. They can provide all kinds of activities.
4. What are people’s views on the use of avatars
A. Positive but a little worrying. B. Negative and concerning.
C. Positive and a bit exciting. D. Cheat others online.
5. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce some information about avatars.
B. To express yourself using pictures.
C. To introduce the history of avatars.
D. To introduce definition of avatars.
Task 3 阅读升华·拓展思维
1. What does the writer mean by saying “the avatar you choose says a lot about
your personality”
__________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________
2. What kind of avatar do you use online: a photo of yourself, a cartoon image or
something else Why did you choose it
___________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________
He means that most people create avatars that have similar features to their
personalities and look more or less like them or act like them.
I often use a cartoon character avatar. The main reasons are that it can avoid
online safety risks and express myself freely.
Task 4 长句难句·释疑解难
When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were
going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their
real selves at all.
[句式分析]本句中When引导_____________, 意为“当……的时候”; 第一个that
引导宾语从句; 第二个that引导_________, 修饰先行词new identities。
[自主翻译]________________________________________________________
______________________________________________
时间状语从句
定语从句
当人们开始创造他们自己的化身时, 他们发现他们将有能力创造
新的身份, 而这些身份与他们的真实自我完不同。
Task 5 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Avatars are digital images that you use to represent yourself online. 1. _____
first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s
and by the late 1990s they 2. ______________(use)in online chats. People started
3. ________ (create) their own avatars that didn’t look or act like their real selves.
Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity.
Most people create avatars 4. __________ have similar features to their
personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. They can
The
had been used
creating
that/which
choose an avatar from a 5. _________(select) of ready-made images, or create
their own images. But the use of avatars has also caused a few 6. _________
(concern). Some users are 7. ________(worry) that they are spending so much
time 8. ___ virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of 9. ________(meet)
people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people
can use avatars 10. ________(cheat)others online. However, many people see
avatars in a more positive light.
selection
concerns
worried
in
meeting
to cheat
03
要点精讲·核心突破
1. trick vt. 欺骗, 诱骗, 哄骗 n. 诀窍, 把戏
(经典例句)We decided to play the trick just wanting to have some fun.
我们决定玩这个把戏, 只是想找点乐子。
(2024·国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists.
尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。
【精要必记】
(1)trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 欺骗某人(不)做某事
trick sb. out of sth. 从某人处骗走某物
(2)play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①My brother tricked me into _______(take) the new clock apart, but it was I who
was scolded by my father.
②The people of the town liked to play tricks ___ him.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之语言描写)老人激动且紧张地指着旁边的一位男士告诉我: “就是
他把我的钱骗走了。”
Excitedly and nervously, the old man pointed to a man next to him and told me,
“He is the one ____________________________. ”
taking
on
who tricks me out of my money
2. variety n. 多样化, 变化(vary vt. & vi. 改变, 变化; 不同　various adj. 各种各样的)
(教材原句)Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. 然而, 很少有人知道未来的化身会有如此广泛的形式和用途。
(2022·北京高考)Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.
由于各种各样的压力, 我们往往会忽视自己的健康。
(经典例句)The way we express our gratitude varies from culture to culture.
我们表达感谢的式因文化不同而不同。
【精要必记】
(1)a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的
the variety of. . . ……的品种
(2)vary with. . . 随着……而变化
vary from. . . to. . . 在……和……之间变化
vary in 在……面有差异
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find ________(vary) topics, such as science,
culture and history.
②Changes in price normally vary _____ changes of supply and need.
various
with
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(读后续写之场景描写)万圣节那天, 黛比的学校举办了各种节日活动, 每
个教室都装饰着鲜花和玩具。
On Halloween, Debbie’s school held ___________________________________,
every classroom decorated with flowers and toys.
②即使露西和莉莉是双胞胎, 她们的性格也有不同。
Though Lucy and Lily are twins, they ________________.
a variety of/varieties of festival activities
vary in character
3. selection n. 供选择的同类物品; 选择(select v. 挑选　selective adj. 选择性的)
(教材原句)In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images.
在大多数网络聊天中, 人们都是从现成的图片中选择一个作为虚拟形象, 或者创建自己的图片。
(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.
在这本“书之书”中, 艺术作品的选择和排列式强调了不同时代和文化之间的这些联系。
【精要必记】
(1)a selection of　　　 汇集了精选的; 精选的
(2)select. . . from. . . 从……中挑选出……
select. . . as. . . 选定……为……
select. . . for. . . 为……挑选……
select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Keep a _________(select) of healthy foods in the schoolbag, so that when we
just have to eat something, we can make a healthy choice.
②The professor selected several books ________ the reading list of this course.
③John is the only student in the class that has been selected _______(take) part
in the Model United Nations Conference.
④He was selected ___ the team leader because of his excellent leadership skills.
selection
for/from
to take
as
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)他走进厨房, 给男孩拿了一杯橙汁, 给自己拿了一杯
咖啡, 还给他们挑选了几块饼干。
He went into the kitchen, and then returned with an orange juice for the boy, a
coffee for himself and ___________________________.
a selection of biscuits for them
4. concern n. 担忧, 忧虑 vt. 与……有关; 使担心(concerned adj. 关心的; 担心的; 有关的　concerning prep. 关于; 就……而言)
(教材原句)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.
虚拟形象的使用也引起了一些担忧。
(读后续写之动作描写)Sheila looked up at me with concern.
希拉抬起头, 关切地望着我。
【精要必记】
(1)show/express one’s concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心
with concern 　 关切地
(2)be concerned about/for 关心; 挂念
as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
People are concerned ______the quality of the air they breathe in.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)就我而言, 骑自行车是一个很好的解决案。
_____________________, riding bicycles is a good solution.
②我写信是为了表达我对野生动物的关注, 因为目前一些野生动物濒临灭
绝或处于危险之中。
I am writing __________________________________because at present some
wild animals are dying out or in danger.
about
As far as I’m concerned
to show my concern about/for wildlife
5. cheat vt. 欺骗; 欺诈(cheater n. 骗子; 背叛者)
(教材原句)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online. 使用多个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险, 因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。
(经典例句)Making friends online may lead to the students being cheated and fooled.
网上交友可能会导致学生上当受骗。
The app prevents people who are cut from society falling victim to cheaters.
这个应用序可以防止那些与社会脱节的人成为骗子的受害者。
【精要必记】
cheat sb. (out) of sth. 　 骗取某人某物
cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
cheat in. . . 在……中作弊
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①He cheated her into _________(believe) him a wealthy man.
②The ________(cheat) said that he could turn stone into gold.
believing
cheater
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之演讲稿)人们普遍承认, 在考试中作弊对我们的个人发展有不
良影响, 这表明我们完缺乏诚实。
It is universally acknowledged that _________________had bad effects on our
personal development, which suggests our total lack of honesty.
②那个可怜的女人声称她的表弟骗走了她的钱。
The poor woman claimed that her cousin ______________________her money.
cheating in exams
had cheated her (out) of
6. view vt. 看, 把……视为
(教材原句)However, other users view avatars in a more positive light. 但是, 其他用户则以更为积极的态度看待虚拟形象。
(读后续写之环境描写)There were magnificent views of the surrounding countryside.
四周乡间的景色壮观秀丽。
(2024·北京高考)When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时, 他们不会将其视为例外。
【精要必记】
(1)view. . . as. . . 　　　 把……看作……
(2)come into view 看得见; 进入视野
in view 在视野范围内
have a good view of 清楚地看到; 一览无余
(3)in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
in one’s view= from one’s point of view 在某人看来
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①We kept the other car ___ view for a while, but then lost sight of it.
②Something that I had never seen before came ____ view suddenly.
③After that, half of the students view watching English movies ___ the most
effective way to practise English.
④I doubted if the visitors could have a good view ___ the sunset they had come
that far to see.
in
into
as
of
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(读后续写之语言描写)他过来, 镇静地说道: “鉴于这些事实, 继续下去似
乎是无益的。”
He came up, saying calmly, “_________________, it seems useless to continue. ”
②(应用文之建议信)在我看来, 我认为这是一个欣赏中国古典音乐、表演
你最喜欢的音乐的好机会。
______________________________, I think it is a good chance to appreciate
Chinese classical music and perform your favorite music.
In view of the facts
In my view/From my point of view
7. what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 他们也会尝试不同的发型——这也许说明了他们想要看起来是什么样子。
[句型解构]
本句中what引导的从句作介词about的宾语, 即宾语从句。
what在引导的名词性从句中的含义是什么
(1)什么(内容)
She doesn’t know what she could do with the problem.
(2)……的人
He is no longer what he used to be.
(3)……的话
What the president said at the meeting is very important.
(4)……的事
They don’t know what happened just now.
【知识宽一度】
　　what, which 等连接代词引导的名词性从句可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Several modern buildings are being built in _____ used to be a market.
②(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s _____
it means to be a hospital teacher.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之演讲稿)大家早安! 我很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对高中应
该学习什么的看法。
Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my
opinions on _____________________________________.
what
what we should learn in senior high school
what
②爱德华回家后, 父亲问他买的是什么书。
When Edward went home, his father asked _______________________.
③焦虑的父母们尽其所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。
Anxious parents do _____________to comfort nervous and crying children.
④他不知道这些衬衫中哪种颜色最适合他。
He didn’t know _______________________________________.
what book he had bought
what they can
which color of the shirts would suit him best
8. so . . . that. . . 如此……以至于……
(教材原句)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. 一些用户担心, 他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间, 以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
[句型解构]
本句中so. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。
(1)so. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构:
so+
(2)such. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构:
such+
【知识宽一度】
so. . . that. . . 与such. . . that. . .
(1)当名词前面有many, much, few, little等表示数量多少的限定词时, 应该用
so, 而不能用such。
(2)当“so+形容词/副词”及“such. . . n. /pron. ”放在句首时, 主句要用部分倒
装。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The Great Wall is so well known _____ millions of people visit it every year.
②She is _____ a lovely girl that everyone likes her.
that
such
【写作·提升】 完成句子/句型转换
①(应用文之推荐信)大连是一个如此吸引人的地以至于每年都有很多游
客来观光旅游。
Dalian is __________________________lots of tourists visit the city every year.
②有这么多的花, 我不知道该选哪一朵。
There are ___________________I don’t know which I will choose.
such an attractive place that
so many flowers that
③(读后续写之人物描写)他是如此尽职的一个老师, 总是不断调整自己的
教学法来满足每个学生的需求。
He is _________________________he constantly adjusts his teaching methods
to meet the needs of each individual student.
④He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.
→___________________________________________(倒装句)
⑤She is such a good teacher that we all love her.
→_______________________________________(so. . . that. . . )
such a devoted teacher that
So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others.
She is so good a teacher that we all love her.
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the
passengers. ______________
2. The natural images in the poem are meant to real world beyond themselves.
__________
使不安, 使恐慌
比喻; 意象
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
-ity常用于形容词后构成名词
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
creative adj. →creativity n. 创造力; 独创性
(1)popular adj. →___________n. 流行; 受欢迎; 普及
(2)personal adj. →___________n. 个性; 性格
popularity
personality
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
(1)(2025·浙江1月高考·阅读理解C)A novel design approach to gardening has
been gaining in ___________(popular) worldwide.
(2)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)They don’t have to be world-changing, just
aspects of your ___________(personal) that you’re proud of.
(3)(2024·国甲卷·阅读理解A)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual
celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic __________(creative).
popularity
personality
creativity
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)The position enabled us to look over the lake
with the sunset in the background.
这个位置_______________________________。
2. (2022·国甲卷·阅读理解B)The next step, according to the researchers, is
to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索),
or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
据研究人员称, 下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完依赖视觉线索, 或
者也使用触觉___________。
使我们能够以日落为背景俯瞰湖面
来选择形状
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)When John Todd was a child, he loved to
explore the woods around his house.
当John Todd还是一个孩子的时候, 他就喜欢___________________。
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)And are listening to and viewing content as
effective as reading the written word when covering the same material
当涉及相同的材料时, 听和看内容是否_______________________
探索房子周围的树林
与阅读书面文字一样有效
04
语法精研·学思悟透
过去将来时(Past Future)
【教材自主探究】
分析以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的组成及功能。
1. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.
2. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
3. When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many
people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a
sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a
silly one for having fun.
探究:
(1)过去将来时表示对_____某个时间而言_____发生的动作或存在的状态;
(2)其常见的构成形式为: ______ do或者_________________do。
过去
将要
would
was/were going to
【语法精要点拨】
一、构成
1. 肯定句式:
(1)主语+be(was或were)going to+动词原形+其他.
(2)主语+would+动词原形+其他.
(3)主语+was/were+动词不定式+其他.
2. 否定句式:
(1)主语+be not(wasn’t或weren’t)going to+动词原形+其他.
(2)主语+would not+动词原形 +其他.
3. 疑问句式:
(1)Be (Was或Were)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他
(2)Would+主语+动词原形+其他
4. 被动语态:
(1)主语+was/were +going to be + 动词的过去分词(done).
(2)主语+would + be + 动词的过去分词(done).
二、用法
1. “would+动词原形”表示过去将来时
“would+动词原形”构成过去将来时, 常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
*The doctor said Jack would be all right in a few days.
医生说杰克几天内就会痊愈。
2. “was/were+going to+动词原形”表示过去将来时
(1)“was/were+going to+动词原形”也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
*They said that they were going to meet her at the railway station.
他们说他们将到火车站去见她。
*Students were very excited to hear that they were going to watch the second of the “Tiangong Class” series next class.
听说下节课要观看“天宫课堂”第二课, 同学们都很兴奋。
(2)“was/were+going to+动词原形”还可表示根据当时的情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。
*It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看来好像天要下雨了。
3. 某些动词的过去进行时可表示过去将来时
come, go, leave, arrive, start等严格按照时间表发生的表起止的动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。
*He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车第二天早晨6点出发。
4. 特定场合的一般过去时可表示过去将来时
条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
*I didn’t know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么时候来, 但她来了我会告诉你。
5. “was/were about to+动词原形”表示过去即将发生的动作。
*He was about to leave when the bell rang.
他刚要离开, 这时铃响了。
【即学活用】 单句语法填空
(1) We noticed a poster saying that there _________(be) an English drama
contest a few days later.
(2)We ____________(leave) very early so we packed everything the night before.
(3)She offered us a lot of valuable suggestions and told us that we ______
____ (win).
(4)Betty said she ___________(visit) the Great Wall next Saturday.
(5)I mentioned that we _____ (be) going to cross a mountain stream.
would be
were leaving
would
win
would visit
were
(6)She was going ________(study)abroad after graduation, but a family
emergency changed her plan.
(7)When I was 13, my only purpose ______________(become) the star in our
football team.
(8)Just when she was about _________(speak), a student rushed in and pushed
her aside!
to study
was to become
to speak
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)What I was ______(do) was fly to Topeka to
pick up Tiffy.
2. (2025·浙江1月高考·读后续写)Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something
exciting ______________(happen).
to do
would happen
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)George, the husband, was trying to be calm,
but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and
trust that everything ____________(work) out.
4. (2023·国甲卷·阅读理解D)Their recovery has been so successful that the
U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which
_____________(loosen) legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
would work
would loosen
Ⅱ. 单句写作
1. (2023·国乙卷· 短文改错)At least one thing proved true: the color
_________________.
至少有一件事被证明是正确的: 颜色不会被洗掉。
2. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空)To be sure, the first time I came here I never
imagined I _________________________in this area.
可以肯定的是, 我第一次来这里的时候, 我从来没有想过我会在这个地
感到舒适。
wouldn’t wash out
would ever feel comfortable
3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)When I ___________________, Gunter fished
out his little phone and rang up a friend.
正当我要放弃的时候, 冈特掏出他的小电话, 给一个朋友打了个电话。
was about to give up
Ⅲ. 用过去将来时翻译句子
1. 杰夫知道他第二天会很累。
________________________________________
2. 他真诚地告诉我, 无论发生什么事, 他都会支持我。
___________________________________________________________
3. 我们想知道她是否要在会议上发言。
___________________________________________________________
Jeff knew that he would be tired the next day.
He sincerely told me that whatever happened, he would support me.
We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting.
4. 如果他们中有一个人或更多人决定回来住在中国, 我会非常高兴。
________________________________________________________________
_____________
5. 我正要放弃, 这时我们英语老师鼓励我坚持下去。
_______________________________________________________________
_______
I would be very happy if one or more of them were to decide to come and
live in China.
I was about to give up when our English teacher encouraged me to keep
going.Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 2　Lesson 1
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. in virtual world　　　 在虚拟世界
2. try being someone of the opposite sex　 尝试换个性别
3. blog avatar　 博客头像
4. create your own image 创造你自己的形象
5. dress themselves in fancy clothes 给他们自己穿上华丽的衣服
6. trick others 哄骗他人
7. these digital identities 这些数字身份
8. experiment with different hairstyles 尝试不同的发型
9. cheat others online 在网上欺骗他人
10. view them in a more positive light 从更加积极的角度看待它们
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. vary v. 相异, 不同→variety n. 多样化, 变化→various adj. 各种各样的→varied adj. 各种各样的, 形形色色的
2. sense n. 意义; 感官→sensible adj. 合理的, 明智的; 朴素实用的→sensitive adj. 敏感的; 善解人意的
3. create vt. 创造; 创作→creative adj. 有创造力的, 创造性的→creativity n. 创造力, 独创性
4. obvious adj. 明显的, 显而易见的→obviously adv. 明显地; 显而易见地
5. select vt. 挑选→selection n. 选择; 供选择的同类物品
6. concern n. 担忧, 忧虑vt. 使担心; 与……相关→concerned adj. 担心的; 关切的→concerning prep. 关于
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. look forward to　　 　　盼望, 期待
2. instead of 代替; 而不是……
3. a variety of 各种各样的
4. have the power to do sth. 有能力做某事
5. more or less 或多或少
6. move around 绕着……来回转
7. in a more positive light 从更积极的角度来看
8. look like 看起来像……
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. These digital identities, known as avatars, are a key part of how people use the Internet to communicate and express themselves. (动词-ed形式短语作定语)
这些数字身份, 即虚拟形象, 是人们如何利用互联网进行沟通和表达自己的关键部分。
2. Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. (so. . . that引导结果状语从句)
一些用户担心, 他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间, 以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
3. They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. (what引导名词性从句)
他们也会尝试不同的发型, 这也许说明了他们想要看起来是什么样子。
4. Most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. (that引导定语从句)
大多数人创造的虚拟形象和他们的个性有相似的特征, 看起来或多或少像他们, 行为也像他们。
语篇精读·互动探究
学习提示: 课文注释解读、难句分析、文本翻译, 详见“附录”。
【新课导入】
Discuss and answer the following questions.
1. What are people’s views on the use of avatars
Different people have different opinions. Some users are concerned about the fear of meeting people in the real world, the risks associated with using multiple avatars, and the more positive attitude towards avatars.
2. Can you give examples of the risks of using avatars What can you do to prevent such risks
For example, the use of a profile picture in some applications that involve passwords or personal information may pose security risks. The way to solve this problem is for individuals to be risk-aware.
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the text and fill in the blanks.
Avatars
Para. 1: The (1)definition of an avatar
Para. 2: The (2)history of avatars
Paras. 3-5: The (3)purposes of using avatars
Para. 6: The views about (4)avatars
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
A. Something about the virtual avatars.
B. People’s views on virtual avatars.
C. The development history of online avatars.
D. The advantage and disadvantage about virtual avatars.
答案: A
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. When were avatars being used in web chats like instant messenger
A. In the 1980s. 　　　　 B. By the late 1990s.
C. Nowadays. 　 D. In the 1970s.
2. What do you want to express when choosing a picture of a cute cat
A. I am lovely. B. I’m a funny person.
C. I like relaxing and having fun. D. I like animals.
3. What situation do the avatars have today
A. They can talk alone.
B. They are everywhere.
C. They are used by different people.
D. They can provide all kinds of activities.
4. What are people’s views on the use of avatars
A. Positive but a little worrying. B. Negative and concerning.
C. Positive and a bit exciting. D. Cheat others online.
5. What is the purpose of the text
A. To introduce some information about avatars.
B. To express yourself using pictures.
C. To introduce the history of avatars.
D. To introduce definition of avatars.
答案: 1~5. BCBAA
Task 3 阅读升华·拓展思维
1. What does the writer mean by saying “the avatar you choose says a lot about your personality”
He means that most people create avatars that have similar features to their personalities and look more or less like them or act like them.
2. What kind of avatar do you use online: a photo of yourself, a cartoon image or something else Why did you choose it
I often use a cartoon character avatar. The main reasons are that it can avoid online safety risks and express myself freely.
Task 4 长句难句·释疑解难
When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
[句式分析]本句中When引导时间状语从句, 意为“当……的时候”; 第一个that引导宾语从句; 第二个that引导定语从句, 修饰先行词new identities。
[自主翻译]当人们开始创造他们自己的化身时, 他们发现他们将有能力创造新的身份, 而这些身份与他们的真实自我完不同。
Task 5 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Avatars are digital images that you use to represent yourself online. 1. The first simple 2D avatars appeared in role-playing computer games in the 1980s and by the late 1990s they 2. had been used(use)in online chats. People started 3. creating(create) their own avatars that didn’t look or act like their real selves. Avatars let you express yourself and they give you lots of room for creativity. Most people create avatars 4. that/which have similar features to their personalities and that look more or less like them and act like them. They can choose an avatar from a 5. selection (select) of ready-made images, or create their own images. But the use of avatars has also caused a few 6. concerns(concern). Some users are 7. worried(worry) that they are spending so much time
8. in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of 9. meeting(meet) people in the real world. The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars 10. to cheat(cheat)others online. However, many people see avatars in a more positive light.
要点精讲·核心突破
1. trick vt. 欺骗, 诱骗, 哄骗 n. 诀窍, 把戏
(经典例句)We decided to play the trick just wanting to have some fun.
我们决定玩这个把戏, 只是想找点乐子。
(2024·国甲卷)Try your hand at some of the painting tricks used by artists.
尝试一下艺术家们使用的一些绘画技巧。
【精要必记】
(1)trick sb. into/out of doing sth. 欺骗某人(不)做某事
trick sb. out of sth. 从某人处骗走某物
(2)play a trick/tricks on sb. 捉弄某人
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①My brother tricked me into taking (take) the new clock apart, but it was I who was scolded by my father.
②The people of the town liked to play tricks on him.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之语言描写)老人激动且紧张地指着旁边的一位男士告诉我: “就是他把我的钱骗走了。”
Excitedly and nervously, the old man pointed to a man next to him and told me, “He is the one who tricks me out of my money. ”
2. variety n. 多样化, 变化(vary vt. & vi. 改变, 变化; 不同　various adj. 各种各样的)
(教材原句)Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses. 然而, 很少有人知道未来的化身会有如此广泛的形式和用途。
(2022·北京高考)Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.
由于各种各样的压力, 我们往往会忽视自己的健康。
(经典例句)The way we express our gratitude varies from culture to culture.
我们表达感谢的式因文化不同而不同。
【精要必记】
(1)a variety of=varieties of 各种各样的
the variety of. . . ……的品种
(2)vary with. . . 随着……而变化
vary from. . . to. . . 在……和……之间变化
vary in 在……面有差异
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①One of the advantages is that we can find various (vary) topics, such as science, culture and history.
②Changes in price normally vary with changes of supply and need.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(读后续写之场景描写)万圣节那天, 黛比的学校举办了各种节日活动, 每个教室都装饰着鲜花和玩具。
On Halloween, Debbie’s school held a variety of/varieties of festival activities, every classroom
decorated with flowers and toys.
②即使露西和莉莉是双胞胎, 她们的性格也有不同。Though Lucy and Lily are twins, they vary in character.
3. selection n. 供选择的同类物品; 选择(select v. 挑选　selective adj. 选择性的)
(教材原句)In most web chats, people choose an avatar from a selection of ready-made images, or create their own images.
在大多数网络聊天中, 人们都是从现成的图片中选择一个作为虚拟形象, 或者创建自己的图片。
(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)In this “book of books”, artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.
在这本“书之书”中, 艺术作品的选择和排列式强调了不同时代和文化之间的这些联系。
【精要必记】
(1)a selection of　　　 汇集了精选的; 精选的
(2)select. . . from. . . 从……中挑选出……
select. . . as. . . 选定……为……
select. . . for. . . 为……挑选……
select sb. to do sth. 挑选某人做某事
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Keep a selection (select) of healthy foods in the schoolbag, so that when we just have to eat something, we can make a healthy choice.
②The professor selected several books for/from the reading list of this course.
③John is the only student in the class that has been selected to take(take) part in the Model United
Nations Conference.
④He was selected as the team leader because of his excellent leadership skills.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之动作描写)他走进厨房, 给男孩拿了一杯橙汁, 给自己拿了一杯咖啡, 还给他们挑选了几块饼干。
He went into the kitchen, and then returned with an orange juice for the boy, a coffee for himself and a selection of biscuits for them.
4. concern n. 担忧, 忧虑 vt. 与……有关; 使担心(concerned adj. 关心的; 担心的; 有关的　concerning prep. 关于; 就……而言)
(教材原句)The use of avatars has also caused a few concerns.
虚拟形象的使用也引起了一些担忧。
(读后续写之动作描写)Sheila looked up at me with concern.
希拉抬起头, 关切地望着我。
【精要必记】
(1)show/express one’s concern about/for 对……表示关心/担心
with concern 　 关切地
(2)be concerned about/for 关心; 挂念
as far as sb. be concerned 就某人而言
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
People are concerned about the quality of the air they breathe in.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之建议信)就我而言, 骑自行车是一个很好的解决案。
As far as I’m concerned, riding bicycles is a good solution.
②我写信是为了表达我对野生动物的关注, 因为目前一些野生动物濒临灭绝或处于危险之中。
I am writing to show my concern about/for wildlife because at present some wild animals are dying out or in danger.
5. cheat vt. 欺骗; 欺诈(cheater n. 骗子; 背叛者)
(教材原句)The use of several avatars can also be a risk, as people can use avatars to cheat others online. 使用多个虚拟形象也可能会带来风险, 因为有人可能会在网上使用虚拟形象来欺骗他人。
(经典例句)Making friends online may lead to the students being cheated and fooled.
网上交友可能会导致学生上当受骗。
The app prevents people who are cut from society falling victim to cheaters.
这个应用序可以防止那些与社会脱节的人成为骗子的受害者。
【精要必记】
cheat sb. (out) of sth. 　 骗取某人某物
cheat sb. into doing sth. 欺骗某人做某事
cheat in. . . 在……中作弊
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①He cheated her into believing (believe) him a wealthy man.
②The cheater (cheat) said that he could turn stone into gold.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之演讲稿)人们普遍承认, 在考试中作弊对我们的个人发展有不良影响, 这表明我们完缺乏诚实。
It is universally acknowledged that cheating in exams had bad effects on our personal development, which suggests our total lack of honesty.
②那个可怜的女人声称她的表弟骗走了她的钱。
The poor woman claimed that her cousin had cheated her (out) of her money.
6. view vt. 看, 把……视为
(教材原句)However, other users view avatars in a more positive light. 但是, 其他用户则以更为积极的态度看待虚拟形象。
(读后续写之环境描写)There were magnificent views of the surrounding countryside.
四周乡间的景色壮观秀丽。
(2024·北京高考)When something is contradictory to their view, they don’t treat it as exceptional.
当某件事与他们的观点相矛盾时, 他们不会将其视为例外。
【精要必记】
(1)view. . . as. . . 　　　 把……看作……
(2)come into view 看得见; 进入视野
in view 在视野范围内
have a good view of 清楚地看到; 一览无余
(3)in view of 鉴于; 考虑到
in one’s view= from one’s point of view 在某人看来
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①We kept the other car in view for a while, but then lost sight of it.
②Something that I had never seen before came into view suddenly.
③After that, half of the students view watching English movies as the most effective way to practise English.
④I doubted if the visitors could have a good view of the sunset they had come that far to see.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(读后续写之语言描写)他过来, 镇静地说道: “鉴于这些事实, 继续下去似乎是无益的。”
He came up, saying calmly, “In view of the facts, it seems useless to continue. ”
②(应用文之建议信)在我看来, 我认为这是一个欣赏中国古典音乐、表演你最喜欢的音乐的好机会。
In my view/From my point of view, I think it is a good chance to appreciate Chinese classical music and perform your favorite music.
7. what引导名词性从句
(教材原句)They also experiment with things like different hairstyles—which says a lot, perhaps, about what they want to look like. 他们也会尝试不同的发型——这也许说明了他们想要看起来是什么样子。
[句型解构]
本句中what引导的从句作介词about的宾语, 即宾语从句。
what在引导的名词性从句中的含义是什么
(1)什么(内容)
She doesn’t know what she could do with the problem.
(2)……的人
He is no longer what he used to be.
(3)……的话
What the president said at the meeting is very important.
(4)……的事
They don’t know what happened just now.
【知识宽一度】
　　what, which 等连接代词引导的名词性从句可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾语补足语等成分。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Several modern buildings are being built in what used to be a market.
②(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)I’m a coach, an adviser, and a comforter, and that’s what it means to be a hospital teacher.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之演讲稿)大家早安! 我很荣幸能在这里与大家分享我对高中应该学习什么的看法。
Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to be here to share with you my opinions on what we should learn in senior high school.
②爱德华回家后, 父亲问他买的是什么书。
When Edward went home, his father asked what book he had bought.
③焦虑的父母们尽其所能安抚紧张哭闹的孩子。
Anxious parents do what they can to comfort nervous and crying children.
④他不知道这些衬衫中哪种颜色最适合他。
He didn’t know which color of the shirts would suit him best.
8. so . . . that. . . 如此……以至于……
(教材原句)Some users worry that they are spending so much time in virtual worlds that they are becoming afraid of meeting people in the real world. 一些用户担心, 他们在虚拟世界中花费了太多时间, 以至于他们开始害怕在现实世界中与人见面。
[句型解构]
本句中so. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。
(1)so. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构:
so+
(2)such. . . that. . . “如此……以至于……”, 引导结果状语从句。其句型基本结构:
such+
【知识宽一度】
so. . . that. . . 与such. . . that. . .
(1)当名词前面有many, much, few, little等表示数量多少的限定词时, 应该用so, 而不能用such。
(2)当“so+形容词/副词”及“such. . . n. /pron. ”放在句首时, 主句要用部分倒装。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The Great Wall is so well known that millions of people visit it every year.
②She is such a lovely girl that everyone likes her.
【写作·提升】 完成句子/句型转换
①(应用文之推荐信)大连是一个如此吸引人的地以至于每年都有很多游客来观光旅游。
Dalian is such an attractive place that lots of tourists visit the city every year.
②有这么多的花, 我不知道该选哪一朵。
There are so many flowers that I don’t know which I will choose.
③(读后续写之人物描写)他是如此尽职的一个老师, 总是不断调整自己的教学法来满足每个学生的需求。
He is such a devoted teacher that he constantly adjusts his teaching methods to meet the needs of each individual student.
④He runs so fast that he is far ahead of others.
→So fast does he run that he is far ahead of others. (倒装句)
⑤She is such a good teacher that we all love her.
→She is so good a teacher that we all love her. (so. . . that. . . )
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 熟词生义
1. The captain knew there was an engine fault but didn’t want to alarm the passengers. 使不安, 使恐慌
2. The natural images in the poem are meant to real world beyond themselves. 比喻; 意象
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
-ity常用于形容词后构成名词
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
creative adj. →creativity n. 创造力; 独创性
(1)popular adj. →popularity n. 流行; 受欢迎; 普及
(2)personal adj. →personality n. 个性; 性格
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
(1)(2025·浙江1月高考·阅读理解C)A novel design approach to gardening has been gaining in popularity (popular) worldwide.
(2)(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality (personal) that you’re proud of.
(3)(2024·国甲卷·阅读理解A)Each ARTS FIRST festival is a unique annual celebration of the Harvard community’s artistic creativity (creative).
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.
这个位置使我们能够以日落为背景俯瞰湖面。
2. (2022·国甲卷·阅读理解B)The next step, according to the researchers, is to try and work out whether the cockatoos rely entirely on visual clues(线索), or also use a sense of touch in making their shape selections.
据研究人员称, 下一步是尝试弄清楚凤头鹦鹉是否完依赖视觉线索, 或者也使用触觉来选择形状。
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解B)When John Todd was a child, he loved to explore the woods around his house.
当John Todd还是一个孩子的时候, 他就喜欢探索房子周围的树林。
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)And are listening to and viewing content as effective as reading the written word when covering the same material
当涉及相同的材料时, 听和看内容是否与阅读书面文字一样有效
语法精研·学思悟透
过去将来时(Past Future)
【教材自主探究】
分析以下课文原句并思考黑体部分的组成及功能。
1. Yet, very few people knew that future avatars would have such a wide variety of forms and uses.
2. When people started creating their own avatars, they discovered that they were going to have the power to create new identities that did not look or act like their real selves at all.
3. When Internet users realised that their avatars would be seen by many people, not just their friends, they started having more than one avatar: a sensible one for work; a friendly, good-looking one for meeting people; and a silly one for having fun.
探究:
(1)过去将来时表示对过去某个时间而言将要发生的动作或存在的状态;
(2)其常见的构成形式为: would do或者was/were going to do。
【语法精要点拨】
一、构成
1. 肯定句式:
(1)主语+be(was或were)going to+动词原形+其他.
(2)主语+would+动词原形+其他.
(3)主语+was/were+动词不定式+其他.
2. 否定句式:
(1)主语+be not(wasn’t或weren’t)going to+动词原形+其他.
(2)主语+would not+动词原形 +其他.
3. 疑问句式:
(1)Be (Was或Were)+主语+going to+动词原形+其他
(2)Would+主语+动词原形+其他
4. 被动语态:
(1)主语+was/were +going to be + 动词的过去分词(done).
(2)主语+would + be + 动词的过去分词(done).
二、用法
1. “would+动词原形”表示过去将来时
“would+动词原形”构成过去将来时, 常表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
*The doctor said Jack would be all right in a few days.
医生说杰克几天内就会痊愈。
2. “was/were+going to+动词原形”表示过去将来时
(1)“was/were+going to+动词原形”也可表示根据计划或安排即将发生的事。
*They said that they were going to meet her at the railway station.
他们说他们将到火车站去见她。
*Students were very excited to hear that they were going to watch the second of the “Tiangong Class” series next class.
听说下节课要观看“天宫课堂”第二课, 同学们都很兴奋。
(2)“was/were+going to+动词原形”还可表示根据当时的情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。
*It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看来好像天要下雨了。
3. 某些动词的过去进行时可表示过去将来时
come, go, leave, arrive, start等严格按照时间表发生的表起止的动词可用过去进行时代替过去将来时。
*He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
他说火车第二天早晨6点出发。
4. 特定场合的一般过去时可表示过去将来时
条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
*I didn’t know when she would come, but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么时候来, 但她来了我会告诉你。
5. “was/were about to+动词原形”表示过去即将发生的动作。
*He was about to leave when the bell rang.
他刚要离开, 这时铃响了。
【即学活用】 单句语法填空
(1) We noticed a poster saying that there would be (be) an English drama contest a few days later.
(2)We were leaving(leave) very early so we packed everything the night before.
(3)She offered us a lot of valuable suggestions and told us that we would win(win).
(4)Betty said she would visit(visit) the Great Wall next Saturday.
(5)I mentioned that we were (be) going to cross a mountain stream.
(6)She was going to study (study)abroad after graduation, but a family emergency changed her plan.
(7)When I was 13, my only purpose was to become (become) the star in our football team.
(8)Just when she was about to speak(speak), a student rushed in and pushed her aside!
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)What I was to do (do) was fly to Topeka to pick up Tiffy.
2. (2025·浙江1月高考·读后续写)Kevin sighed (叹息) and hoped something exciting would happen(happen).
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·完形填空)George, the husband, was trying to be calm, but I could tell this was hard for him, having to leave his dog to a stranger and trust that everything would work (work) out.
4. (2023·国甲卷·阅读理解D)Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen (loosen) legal protections and allow them to be hunted.
Ⅱ. 单句写作
1. (2023·国乙卷· 短文改错)At least one thing proved true: the color wouldn’t wash out.
至少有一件事被证明是正确的: 颜色不会被洗掉。
2. (2025·新高考Ⅱ卷·语法填空)To be sure, the first time I came here I never imagined I would ever feel comfortable in this area.
可以肯定的是, 我第一次来这里的时候, 我从来没有想过我会在这个地感到舒适。
3. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·读后续写)When I was about to give up, Gunter fished out his little phone and rang up a friend.
正当我要放弃的时候, 冈特掏出他的小电话, 给一个朋友打了个电话。
Ⅲ. 用过去将来时翻译句子
1. 杰夫知道他第二天会很累。
Jeff knew that he would be tired the next day.
2. 他真诚地告诉我, 无论发生什么事, 他都会支持我。
He sincerely told me that whatever happened, he would support me.
3. 我们想知道她是否要在会议上发言。
We wanted to know whether she was going to speak at the meeting.
4. 如果他们中有一个人或更多人决定回来住在中国, 我会非常高兴。
I would be very happy if one or more of them were to decide to come and live in China.
5. 我正要放弃, 这时我们英语老师鼓励我坚持下去。
I was about to give up when our English teacher encouraged me to keep going.
课时巩固训练, 请使用　“课时过性评价 二”(共55张PPT)
Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 4　Writing Workshop & Viewing Workshop & Reading Club
01
02
03
读写结合·思维构建
阅读体验·能力深化
要点精讲·核心突破
01
读写结合·思维构建
个人简介(A Personal Profile)
【文本研读】
Task 1 文本概览·厘清结构
1. Skim and reorder all the parts of a personal profile.
①Conclusion　②Beginning　③Body
答案: ②③①
2. Read the passage and fill in the blanks.
Part 1: Introduce (1) ________________in detail.
Part 2: Introduce Happy Hermione’s (2) _________types and books.
Part 3: Happy Hermione’s (3) _____.
Happy Hermione
favourite
view
Task 2 佳句品味·语言表达
人物介绍的常用句子:
1. I’m a senior secondary school student and my favourite subject is English.
2. That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
3. In my opinion, the author did an amazing job.
4. I think it’s fun to hear about new books that other people enjoy.
【写作指导】
1. 题型解读
　　本单元的写作任务是人物描写。人物描写主要是介绍人物的外貌、生平、成就等。人物描写的体裁一般是记叙文, 有时也以看图作文、表格、书信、新闻的形式出现。
开头: 点明人物身份或简单概括人物特点, 让读者快速了解所写对象。
中间: 从外貌、性格、品质等面具体描述。
结尾: 总结人物特点, 表达自己对人物的情感或作出评价。
2. 篇章结构
【语料积累】
1. 话题词汇
(1)figure　　　　 n. 人物
(2)thinker　 n. 思想家; 思想者
(3)establish　 v. 建立, 设立
(4)poet　 n. 诗人
(5)romantic　 adj. 浪漫的; 浪漫主义的
(6)be ready to help others　 乐于助人
(7)apply for a position　 申请职位
(8)have a preference for playing basketball
偏爱打篮球
(9)have a good command of maths
　 精通数学
(10)have a wide knowledge of computer
　 有广泛的计算机知识
2. 话题句式
(1)段首句
①. . . was one of the greatest. . . in the 20th century.
在20世纪……是最伟大的……之一。
②He/She studied at. . . and graduated. . .
他/她在……学习和毕业……
③. . . is the one who impresses me most.
……是使我印象最深刻的人。
(2)主体段落句
①. . . is such a learned/strong-willed person that we all admire/respect him/her.
……是一个如此有学问/意志坚强的人, 我们都钦佩/尊敬他/她。
②He/She devoted all his/her life to. . .
他/她把他/她的一生都献给了……
(3)段尾句
①He/She was highly thought of. . .
他/她被高度评价……
②In my opinion, he/she. . .
在我看来, 他/她……
③He/She will live in the hearts of. . . forever.
他/她将活在……的心中, 直到永远。
【实践应用】
　　假定你是高一学生李华。你的英国朋友吉姆在给你的邮件中提到他对中国儒家文化很感兴趣, 并请你介绍历史人物孔子(Confucius)。请你给吉姆回一封邮件, 介绍孔子, 内容包括:
　　1. 基本情况;
　　2. 主要主张: 仁、义;
　　3. 重要影响。
　　注意:
　　1. 写作词数应为80个左右;
　　2. 开头和结尾已给出, 不计入总词数。
【写作思维流】
Step 1: 谋篇布局
Step 2: 遣词造句
1. 在中国古代历史上, 孔子是我最喜欢的人物。(figure)
_______________________________________________________
2. 他是中国的思想家和社会哲学家。(Chinese thinker)
___________________________________________
Confucius is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history.
He was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher.
3. (一句多译)他的学说和哲学深深地影响了许多亚洲国家。
(1) _________________________________________________________
__________(influence v. )
(2) ______________________________________________________________
__________(influence n. )
His teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced many Asian
countries.
His teachings and philosophy have had a deep influence on many Asian
countries.
4. (一句多译)他强调善良、责任和社会秩序的重要性。(kindness, duty and
order)
(1) _________________________________________________________
(stress)
(2) _______________________________________________________(attach
importance to sth. )
5. (一句多译)我们中国人深受他的学说的影响。(teachings)
(1) ______________________________________
(2) _____________________________________________(被动)
He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society.
He attached importance to kindness, duty and order in society.
His teachings greatly influence us Chinese.
We Chinese are greatly influenced by his teachings.
6. 他激励我永远保持善良和礼貌。(inspire)
_______________________________________
7. 那就是我想要被对待的式。(treat)
__________________________________________________
Step 3: 句式升级
8. 用as for升级第1句。
________________________________________________________________
He inspires me to always be kind and polite.
That’s the way(that/in which) I would like to be treated.
As for Confucius, he is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history.
Step 4: 完美成篇
Dear Jim,
　　It’s great to hear from you. I feel proud of knowing your interest in confucian culture in the ancient Chinese history.
　　As for Confucius, he is my favourite figure in the ancient Chinese history. He was a Chinese thinker and social philosopher. His teachings and philosophy have deeply influenced many Asian countries. He stressed the importance of kindness, duty and order in society. We Chinese are greatly influenced by his teachings. He inspires me to always be kind and polite. That’s the way I would like to be treated.
　　Interested in knowing more I can even find you some books! Just let me know.
Yours,
Li Hua
02
阅读体验·能力深化
Reading Clubs 1 & 2
Ⅰ. 阅读Digitising Ancient Art, 完成下面的线索框架图
Along the River During the Qingming Festival
Where was it shown
↓1. _________________at Expo 2010 in Shanghai
Who created Along the River During the Qingming Festival
↓2. ______________
What does it include
the China Pavilion
Zhang Zeduan
↓3. many details of ____________________________________________
How is it shown
↓4. combine modern technology and ancient art by ___________
Dunhuang Cave Paintings
Where were Dunhuang Caves protected
↓5. _________________in a remote part of Northwest China
What do they have
ancient Chinese customs, lifestyles and technology
animations
in the Gobi desert
↓6. many invaluable ______________________
How many years was this Buddhist artwork created
↓7. over a period of around ___________
How do art lovers see them
↓8. by _____________________of the caves
paintings and sculptures
1, 000 years
a 3D digital projection
Ⅱ. 阅读Digitising Ancient Art, 判断正(T)误(F)
1. Along the River During the Qingming Festival was created by Chinese artist
Zhu Dailin. (　 )
2. Along the River During the Qingming Festival shows life during the
Northern Song period. (　 )
3. Scientists have invented a 360-degree projection that helps viewers see the
paintings. (　 )
4. Ancient art isn’t accessible to the world because of being protected. (　 )
F
T
T
F
Ⅲ. 阅读Wearable Technology, 简要谈谈你对此的认识及想要这种设备的原因(80词左右)
　　Wearable devices are portable devices that can be worn directly on the body or integrated into the user’s clothing or accessories. They are not only hardware devices, but also provide powerful functions through software support, data interaction and cloud interaction. Wearable devices will bring great changes to our life and perception. As for me, I want an intelligent wearable mobile phone. The reasons are as follows: Firstly, it is easier to operate; Secondly, it can be carried around; Thirdly, it is more beautiful and fashionable; Most importantly, it can enhance human capabilities.
摘录文章中的好词佳句, 并补汉语译文
1. Walking into the China Pavilion at Expo 2010 in Shanghai, people were
amazed by the sight of a huge digital painting.
_____2010年上海世博会中国馆, 人们被一幅巨大的数字绘画惊住了。
2. You can see the wind blowing through the trees and across the water.
你可以___________树林, 吹过水面。
走进
看到风吹过
03
要点精讲·核心突破
1. location n. 位置; 地点 (locate v. 确定……的位置; 设立; 迁居; 位于　located adj. 位于; 坐落在)
(2023 新高考Ⅰ卷)With over 2, 500 bikes stored in our five rental shops at strategic locations, we make sure there is always a bike available for you.
我们在战位置的五家租赁店里存放了2 500多辆自行车, 我们确保总有一辆自行车可供你使用。
Our company’s new office building is located beside the subway station, which provides great convenience for employees.
我们公司的新办公楼位于地铁站旁, 这为员工提供了极大的便利。
【精要必记】
be located +介词　　　　　　位于; 坐落在
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之邀请信)I am writing to invite you to see the Chinese Ink Painting
exhibition to be held in the art gallery located ___our city center from Friday to
Sunday next week.
②She shared the ________(locate)with one of her friends.
in
location
【写作·提升】 句型转换
The house is located in the center of the city, and it is bound to sell for a good
price.
→____________________________, the house is bound to sell for a good price.
Located in the center of the city
2. imaginary adj. 想象的, 虚构的 (imagination n. 想象力; 幻想物　imagine v. 想象　imaginable adj. 想象的, 可想象的)
(教材原句)That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
那就是为什么我相信关于外国文化或虚构世界的书是最好的!
(经典例句)Over the past four months, I had never imagined how I would feel once our project was completed. 在过去的四个月里, 我从来没有想过一旦我们的项目完成, 我会是什么感觉。
【精要必记】
(1)beyond imagination　　 超出想象, 难以想象
(2)imagine (doing) sth. 想象(做)某事
imagine sb. /one’s doing sth. 想象某人做某事
imagine sb. /sth. as/to be. . . 　 把某人/某物想象成……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①All the characters in the book are __________(imagine).
②These technological developments were hardly ___________(imagine) 30
years ago.
imaginary
imaginable
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①我想象不出没有电的生活是什么样子的。
I __________________without electricity.
②(读后续写之人物描写)我不认识我的祖母, 但我总是把她想象成一个和善、温
柔的人。
I never knew my grandmother, but I always ___________________a kind and gentle
person.
③云南的土地确实充满了难以想象的魅力和美丽。
The land of Yunnan is indeed filled with charm and beauty __________________.
can’t imagine living
imagine her as/to be
beyond imagination
3. amazing adj. 了不起的; 惊人的
(教材原句)In my opinion, the author did an amazing job of creating a whole new world through this book.
在我看来, 这位作者做了一项了不起的工作, 她通过这本书创造了一个新的世界。
【图解助记】
【知识宽一度】
amazing与amazed的区别
　　amazing指“令人吃惊的”, 强调某人/某事物给他人的感受; 而amazed表
示本身的感觉, 并不强调对他人的影响, 多指“(人)感到吃惊的”。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①The most _________(amaze) thing about nature is its infinite(无限的) variety .
②Upon opening the door, I was amazed ______(see) various types of dogs:
Poodle, Husky, Samoyed.
amazing
to see
③(读后续写之心理描写) Amazed _____ what was before his eyes, Marcus
was full of praise for her work.
④(读后续写之人物描写)Liza stared at him in ___________(amaze) and
couldn’t believe what she heard.
⑤More and more, I found myself ________(amaze) at how she saw the world.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
令我非常惊讶的是, 他们的经理同意帮助我实现我的梦想!
______________________, their manager agreed to help me to achieve my
dream!
by/at
amazement
amazed
To my great amazement
4. accessible adj. 易懂的; 易得到的 (access n. 接近; 通路; 接近或进入的权利/机会/通路v. 进入; 存取(尤指电脑数据); 访问)
(教材原句)It also makes the art accessible to the world while protecting the original artworks for the future.
它也使艺术向世界开放, 同时保护原始艺术品的未来。
(2023·新高考Ⅱ卷)As cities balloon with growth, access to nature for people living in urban areas is becoming harder to find.
随着城市的飞速发展, 生活在城市地区的人们接近自然(的机会)变得越来越难(找到)。
(应用文之推荐信)The book is written in simple language and is accessible to readers of all ages.
这本书用简单的语言写成, 适合各个年龄段的读者阅读。
【精要必记】
(1)be accessible to 可进入……; 可使用……; 易接近……
(2)access to. . . 接近……的机会; 进入……的权利
have/get/gain/obtain access to. . . 可以接近/会见/进入……
【基础·练透】 写出下列句中access的含义/单句语法填空
①To sum up, low price, easy access to information and wide use make
students use computers a lot. ___________
②The only access to the farmhouse is across the fields. _____
③He accessed three different files to find the correct information. _____
④The aim of any reform of legal aid should be to make the system _________
(access) to more people.
⑤(读后续写之语言描写)“We focus on urban areas where access ___ nature is
often not that easy”, says Hartley.
接触的机会
通路
访问
accessible
to
【写作·提升】 一句多译
药物不应该放在容易被小孩拿到的地。
→Medicine should not be kept where it _____________________. (accessible)
→Medicine should not be kept where _____________________it. (access)
is accessible to children
children have access to
5. That’s why. . . 那就是……的原因
(教材原句)That’s why I believe that books about foreign cultures or imaginary worlds are the best!
那就是为什么我相信关于外国文化或虚构的世界的书是最好的!
[句型解构]
本句中含有That’s why. . . 句型, 意为“那就是……的原因”。
【知识宽一度】
(1)This/That is why. . . 意为“这/那就是……的原因”, why引导表语从句, why后强调结果。
(2)This/That is because. . . 意为“这/那是因为……”, because引导表语从句, because后强调原因。
(3)The reason why. . . is/was that. . . 意为“……的原因是……”, why引导定语从句, that引导表语从句, 且此句型只能用that引导, 不能用because。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①He didn’t pass the exam yesterday. That’s _____he got angry with me.
②He was late for work this morning. That’s ________he got caught in a traffic
jam.
③The reason _____he didn’t pass the driving test was that he was too careless.
why
because
why
【写作·提升】 完成句子/同义句转换
①这是因为尽管存在巨大风险, 但人们仍然相信进行太空探索的重要性。
______________people believe in the importance of carrying on space
exploration despite the huge risks.
②He had not received the invitation. That’s why he didn’t come.
→The reason ________________________he had not received the invitation.
This is because
why he didn’t come is that
【要点拾遗】
1. express vt. 表达; 表示; 表露 (expression n. 表达; 表情　expressive adj. 表现的; 有表现力的)
(教材原句)Digital technology allows today’s artists to express their ideas in ways that ancient artists would not believe possible.
数字技术允许今天的艺术家以古代艺术家不可能相信的式来表达他们的想法。
(应用文之建议信)If you have trouble understanding some English expressions, you can turn to native speakers for help.
如果你在理解一些英语表达上有困难, 你可以向以英语为母语的人寻求帮助。
【精要必记】
beyond (one’s) expression/words　 难以言表
express one’s. . . for/about/to. . . 　 表达某人对……的……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Judging from her ___________(express), she is satisfied with the result of the
experiment.
②Every word and gesture is __________(express) of the artist’s sincerity.
③Punctually at 7: 45, the express to Kuala Lumpur left Singapore station.
(express n. _________)
expression
expressive
特快列车
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①在我的演讲中, 我真诚地向观众表达了我的感激之情。
I sincerely ______________________________________in my speech.
②听了她的故事, 我们被感动得难以言表。
Hearing her story, we were moved _______________________.
expressed my appreciation to my audience
beyond expression/words
2. feature n. 特色, 特征; 特写或专题节目vt. 以……为特色
Teamwork is a key feature of the training programme. 团队合作是这项训练计划的重要特点。
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The design features ten steel “sepals” made of glass and aluminum. 该设计以10个由玻璃和铝制成的钢制“萼片”为特色。
【精要必记】
feature in　　　 在……中起重要作用
【知识宽一度】
feature与characteristic各有“特色”
feature 原指面积等显著的部分, 还可以指心中所留印象的显著部分
characteristic 指与其他事物区别的特征
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/选词填空(feature/characteristic)/熟词生义
①The play features a beautiful set design ___ its performance.
②Noise is a ________of city life.
③A _____________of the camel is its ability to live for a long time without water.
④It’s a great film and it features a Spanish actor. (feature vt. ___________)
【写作·提升】 完成句子
温暖似乎是他所有书中的主要特色。
______________________________in all of his books.
in
feature
characteristic
由……主演
Warmth seems to feature heavily
3. range n. (变动或浮动的)范围　vi. (在一定的范围内)变动
(教材原句)Descriptions, photos and videos of a wide range of exercises.
对各种训练的描述、照片和视频。
(经典例句)Students can choose from a wide range of options.
学生可以在众多的选修课中进行选择。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之建议信)The new app of students sharing books will make reading
available to more students, who can read a wide range ___ books without
actually spending any money.
②We just want to get _______range to use our binoculars.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之活动介绍)这个真人秀受到大批观众欢迎, 范围从小孩到老年人。
The reality show is popular with a large audience, _______________________
__________.
of
within
ranging from children to
the elderly(共14张PPT)
Unit 4　Information Technology
读后续写高分进阶
动作描写(一)—— 描写与“头、脸”有关的动作
一 主题词汇
动词 (短语) hang低垂　bend弯下　bow点头; 低下(头)　droop耷拉　nod点头　shake摇头　bury埋头于　poke探出　bump碰, 撞　duck低下头　spin(头感到)眩晕　raise抬起　lean斜靠　rest倚靠　look up 抬头　turn转向　rub揉　tighten绷紧　brighten使明亮　burn火辣辣地痛; 发烫　　deform变形　glow发红; 发热　flush发红; 脸红　light up露出喜色
形容词 charming迷人的　bright灿烂的　pale苍白的　fair白皙的　tear-stained布满泪痕的 rosy红润的　wrinkled 有皱纹的　beautiful漂亮的　puzzled迷惑不解的　sunburned晒黑的 　bloodless毫无血色的 副词 seriously严肃地　confusedly困惑地　palely苍白地　shyly害羞地　charmingly迷人地　brightly灿烂地　worriedly焦虑地; 焦急地
embarrassedly 尴尬地　meaningfully意味深长地
二 主题词块
1. shake one’s head　　　　 摇头
2. nod one’s head 点头
3. raise/lift one’s head 抬头
4. scratch one’s head 挠了挠头
5. bow/lower/bend/hang/duck one’s head 低下头/垂下头
6. turn one’s head 转过头
7. stick one’s head out 探头
8. throw one’s head back 后仰
9. pat one’s head 拍一拍头
10. hold one’s head in one’s hands 双手抱头
11. rest one’s head on/against 把头靠在……
12. a square/fleshy/round face /胖/圆脸
13. look a little confused 看起来有点困惑
14. a flushed face 满脸通红
15. be covered with wrinkles 布满了皱纹
16. a beauty spot/mark 美人痣
17. pull a long face 耷拉着脸/板着脸
18. cover one’s face 捂住脸
19. turn pale/red 脸色变白/变红
20. go white (因惊吓、害怕等)脸色变白
21. be hot with shame 羞愧难当
22. wear a puzzled look 露出迷惑不解的神情
23. burn with shame 因羞愧而发烫
三 主题句式
1. He sat there with a shake of his head, showing his disagreement.
他坐在那里摇了摇头, 表示不同意。
2. Lovingly, she pressed two gentle kisses on their foreheads, proudly enjoying their best wishes.
她深情地吻了两下他们的额头, 骄傲地享受着他们最美好的祝福。
3. The little girl instantly relaxed and simply laid/rested her head on his shoulder satisfied.
小女孩立刻放松下来, 径直把头靠在他的肩膀上, 感到很满足。
4. He put his head out of the window.
他从窗口把头探出来。
5. She buried her head in the pillow.
她用枕头捂住脑袋。
6. His head drooped, and tears fell onto his laps.
他耷拉着脑袋, 眼泪滴落在大腿上。
7. A bright smile appeared on/spread across/crossed his face.
他的脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
8. Her face lit up/brightened/glowed when I gave her the present.
当我送给她那份礼物时, 她的脸上焕发出了光彩。
9. Jack’s face flushed/burned with embarrassment.
杰克尴尬得满脸通红。
10. Her face paled with fright.
她吓得脸都白了。
11. He had a slight frown on his face.
他表现出有点儿愁眉不展的样子。
【情境应用】
Ⅰ. 完成句子
1. She ______________(抬头)to gaze at him.
2. He _________________(挠了挠头), not understanding a word.
3. They __________________(点头)in agreement.
4. The boy stood there, _________________(低着头)and biting his tongue.
5. He ________________(绷紧了脸) at the news.
6. His _______________(脸色苍白) and he stood there tongue-tied.
7. Her cheeks were _______________(羞愧难当).
lifted her head
scratched his head
nodded their heads
lowering his head
tightened his face
face went white
hot with shame
Ⅱ. 翻译句子
1. 他微微扭过头, 抬头看着她。
____________________________________________
2. 他从门后探出头来看看谁在那儿。
______________________________________________________
3. 他拍了拍我的头, 告诉我父亲没事。
___________________________________________________
He twisted his head slightly, and looked up at her.
He stuck his head from behind the door to see who was there.
He patted me on the head and told me my father was OK.
4. 她双手抱头痛哭。
___________________________________________
5. 她一脸惊愕。
___________________________________
6. 她满脸疑惑。
_______________________________
7. 这位老师喜欢板着脸。
________________________________
She buried her head in her hands, crying a river.
A look of surprise spread over her face.
She had a puzzled look on her face.
The teacher likes to pull a long face.
Ⅲ. 片段续写
　　根据以下情境, 使用与“头”有关的动作词汇和句式, 写一篇80词左右的短文。
　　情境提示: 杰克低着头, 眼里含着泪水, 慢慢地走向公共汽车。他的朋友彼得点了点头, 对他微笑。虽然他心情不好, 但他低下头强作掩饰, 勉强挤出一个微笑。他回到家, 把头埋在被子里, 假装睡着了。然而, 他的母亲停止了她的家务, 坐在他身边。然后杰克站起来, 坐在他母亲身边, 把头靠在她的肩膀上, 几乎忍不住哭了起来。
　　Jack walked slowly to the bus, his head down, tears in his eyes. His friend Peter nodded his head and smiled at him. Though he was in a bad mood, he ducked/hung/lowered his head to hide it and forced a smile. When he got home, he buried his head under the quilt, pretending to be asleep. However, his mother stopped her housework, sitting beside him. Then Jack stood up, sat close to his mother, resting his head on/against her shoulder, and could hardly resist weeping.(共108张PPT)
Unit 4　Information Technology
Part 3　Lesson 2 & Lesson 3
01
02
04
03
必备知识·自主导学
语篇精读·互动探究
语法精研·学思悟透
要点精讲·核心突破
01
必备知识·自主导学
Ⅰ. 重点词块—速记
1. subscribe to newspapers and magazines　　　_____报纸和杂志
2. use the latest technology 使用_____科技
3. set up an account 建立一个_____
4. ensure success _____成功
5. _____ this button to start 按这个按钮开始
6. ________ their time of arrival 确认他们到达的时间
订阅
最新
账户
确保
press
confirm
7. hold on to this _______ 保存这个内容
8. be built on the ______of trust 建立在信任的基础上
9. my ________on this matter 我对这件事的看法
10. _________healthy relationships 保持健康关系
11. give a ______response 给出简洁的回复
12. ________arts 创造性的艺术
content
basis
opinion
maintain
brief
creative
Ⅱ. 活用单词—拓展
1. accommodate vt. 为……提供住处/工作场所
→_______________n. 住所, 住处
2. _______n. 动力; 权力, 影响力; 控制力
→_________adj. 效能高的; 强壮的, 强有力的
3. real adj. 真实的, 真的→_______n. 真实, 现实
4. _______n. 恩惠; 善意的行为 vt. 偏爱; 赞同; 喜爱; 支持
→favourite adj. 特别受喜爱的
accommodation
power
powerful
reality
favour
5. _______vt. &vi. 递送, 传送→delivery n. 递送, 发送; 分娩
6. ______vt. & n. 伤害, 损害→harmful adj. 有害的→harmless adj. 无害的
7. argue vi. 争辩, 争吵→__________n. 论点; 论据; 争论, 争辩
8. ____________vi. 专注, 专心; 集中注意力→concentration n. 专心, 专注
9. reward n. 奖赏, 回报vt. 奖赏; 给以报酬
→__________adj. 有益的; 有意义的
deliver
harm
argument
concentrate
rewarding
10. _________n. 增添; 添加→additional adj. 补充的, 额外的, 附加的
→additionally adv. 此外→add v. 补充; 添加
11. limit n. 边界; 限度→limited adj. 有限的→________adj. 局限的; 限制性的
12. ________vt. 取代; 接替→replacement n. 替代; 替代物
addition
limiting
replace
Ⅲ. 核心短语—互译
1. ________　　　　　 从事于……
2. ________ 帮助……摆脱困境
3. _________ 解决; 算出; 想出; 理解
4. ______ 建立; 装配; 开业; 竖立
5. _______ 签约雇用, 签约参加
6. __________ 除此之外
7. ________ 关注
work on
help out
figure out
set up
sign up
in addition
focus on
8. in one’s opinion __________________________
9. call for _____________________
10. hold on _______________________
11. point out __________
12. on the basis of ______________
根据某人的看法; 在某人看来
要求; 需要; 为……叫喊
不挂断电话, 等一下; 继续
指出, 指明
根据; 基于……
Ⅳ. 经典句式—悟通
1. _____________________________________________, it can also harm
friendships. (while引导让步状语从句)
虽然互联网可以拉近人们的距离, 但它也会伤害友谊。
2. According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a
screen ___________________________________________________________
_________. (it作形式宾语)
根据育儿专家丹尼斯 丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注
意力或对他人表现出善意。
While the Internet can bring people closer together
makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness
to others
3. ___________, important social skills are developed through direct contact
with other people. (as引导非限制性定语从句)
正如我们所知, 重要的社交技能是通过与他人的直接接触而培养的。
4. __________________enable us to develop lifelong friendships. (强调句)
正是这些技能使我们能够发展终生的友谊。
5. Thirdly, online relationships may not be _____________________. (what引导
表语从句)
第三, 网络关系可能并不是表面上看起来的那样。
As we know
It is these skills that
what they appear to be
6. This is the best way _____________________________.
(动词不定式作定语)
这是保持健康关系的最好法。
to maintain healthy relationships
02
语篇精读·互动探究
Task 1 宏观建构·把握文脉
1. Skim the passage and fill in the blanks.
Para. 1: General (1) _____
Paras. 2~4: Three (2) __________
Para. 5: The writer’s (3) ______
2. What’s the main idea of this passage
The passage is mainly about _________________________________________
_____________.
idea
arguments
views
different views on the influence of the Internet
on friendships
Task 2 微观剖析·细节理解
Choose the best answer.
1. What can enable us to develop lifelong friendships
A. Showing kindness to others.
B. Often talking with others online.
C. Communicating through a screen.
D. Social skills developed through direct contact with other people.
2. What are friendships built on according to the passage
A. The basis of trust. B. Online communication.
C. Online popularity. D. The number of “likes”.
3. What is the same idea of Robert and Cathy
A. The Internet can harm friendships.
B. The Internet has no effects on friendships.
C. The Internet can help develop friendships.
D. The Internet can bring people closer together.
4. Which one is a traditional way of communicating
A. A smartphone. 　 B. A computer.
C. A phone call. 　 D. A tablet.
5. What’s the author’s attitude towards the Internet
A. Favorable. 　 B. Opposed.
C. Ambiguous. 　 D. Not mentioned.
Task 3 阅读升华·拓展思维
1. What kind of apps do you often use
__________________________________________
2. What can you do when you use educational apps
___________________________________________________________
________________
As a student, I often use some educational apps.
Generally speaking, I mainly look up some materials through these
educational apps.
3. Do you think the Internet helps or harms friendships Give your reasons.
________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
___________
In my opinion, the Internet helps friendships. The reasons are as follows:
Firstly, with the development of technology, people’s daily communication
is becoming more and more various and people can get in touch with each
other by many kinds of chat apps. Secondly, it can protect ourselves in
some cases.
Task 4 长句难句·释疑解难
1. Friendships are built on the basis of trust, and with online communication
you can never be 100 percent sure that the people you are chatting to are being
honest about who they are.
[句式分析]本句中that引导_________; you are chatting to为省关系代词
who/that的_________, 修饰先行词people; who引导_________。
[自主翻译]_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________
宾语从句
定语从句
宾语从句
友谊是建立在信任的基础上的, 而在网络交流中, 你永远不可能
百分之百确定与你聊天的人是否以诚相待。
2. Because of this, going online can be particularly dangerous for people who
are easily influenced or too trusting.
[句式分析]本句中Because of this为介词短语作_____; who引导_________,
修饰先行词people。
[自主翻译]______________________________________________________
_______________
状语
定语从句
正因为如此, 上网对那些容易受影响或过于信任他人的人来说
可能特别危险。
Task 5 语篇总结·主题深化
　　Does the Internet harm 1. ___ help friendships People hold different views about it.
　　In Robert’s opinion, the Internet is harmful to friendships. Firstly, communicating
through a screen cannot replace face-to-face contact, for important social skills
2. _____________(develop) through direct contact with other people rather than by communicating online. Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred. Thirdly,
online relationships may not be what they appear to be and can be 3. ___________
(particular) dangerous for people 4. _____are easily influenced or too trusting. 5. ____
_________ (maintain) healthy relationships, friends should focus more on face-to-face
communication, and 6. _____(little) on online communication.
or
are developed
particularly
who
To
maintain
less
　　However, Cathy makes a completely different 7. __________(argue). She believes
that the Internet can help develop friendships in many ways. 8. ___________(compare)
with traditional ways of communicating, the Internet makes communication much
more convenient and more fun. 9. ___addition, online communication can actually
bring people closer to each other. And Internet users can turn to friends from all over
the world for 10. _______(use) suggestions or information with just a click. This makes
friends feel loved and cared for.
argument
Compared
In
useful
03
要点精讲·核心突破
1. subscribe vi. 订阅, 订购 (subscriber n. 订购者, (报刊的)订阅者; 定期捐助者, 资助者　subscription n. 订阅费, 订阅, 订购)
(经典例句)He plans to subscribe to China Daily to read English news every day.
他计划订阅《中国日报》, 每天读英语新闻。
(经典例句) It happens that I have just seen the film, and I subscribe to your opinion about it.
碰巧我刚看过这部电影, 我同意你对它的看法。
【精要必记】
subscribe to　　　　 同意, 赞成; 订购
subscribe sth. to 捐助
subscribe for 认购(股份等)
【知识宽一度】
表示“同意, 赞成”的短语
①be for　②submit to　③agree to/with　④approve of　⑤in favour of
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①I subscribe ___ several scientific magazines to keep up with the latest research.
②(应用文之活动介绍)Although the library was open to everyone, all readers
had to pay a membership or ____________(subscribe) fee in order to borrow
books.
③Employees subscribed ____ far more shares than were available.
④The ___________(subscribe) to a government loan has got higher interest
than savings.
to
subscription
for
subscriber
【写作·提升】 完成句子
他给一家动物保护协会捐了一大笔钱。
He ________________________________an animal protection society.
subscribed a large sum of money to
2. powerful adj. 效能高的; 强有力的; 强壮的 (power n. 动力; 权力, 影响力; 控制力v. 给(车辆或机器)提供动力)
(教材原句)Educational apps are becoming increasingly powerful.
教育应用序正变得越来越强大。
(经典例句)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives. 农业使人们第一次体验到科技改变生活的力量。
【精要必记】
come to/into power　　　　 掌权; 上台; 执政
in power 当权; 掌权
beyond one’s power 不能胜任; 超过了某人的能力
do everything within/in one’s power 竭尽力
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①Not that I don’t want to help you, but that it’s _______ my power to do so.
②When the government came _______ power, he was named minister of culture.
③(读后续写之人物描写)He knew accomplishing a challenging event would
make an incredibly _________ (power) impact.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
我会尽力帮助你的。
→___________________________(try one’s best)
→______________________________________________(do everthing in/within
one’s power)
beyond
to/into
powerful
I will try my best to help you.
I will do everything in/within my power to help you.
3. press vt. 按 (pressure n. 压力)
(教材原句)First, press the “Sign Up” button.
首先, 按“注册”按钮。
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Here are some tips on making wise decisions to minimize pressure on the places we visit and improve our experience.
这里有一些建议, 可以帮助你做出明智的决定, 将我们访问的地的压力降到最低, 并改善我们的体验。
【精要必记】
(1)press sb. into doing sth. /to do sth. 催促/逼迫某人做某事
press against 挤压; 压在……上
(2)under pressure 在压力之下
under the pressure of 在……的压力下
put pressure on sb. 向某人施加压力
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空/熟词生义
①Her health broke down under the pressure ___ work.
②I knew she was going to put pressure ___ me to give up the idea.
③I noticed that he pressed his back _______ the door.
④They held daily press briefings. (press n. _____)
【写作·提升】 一句多译
妈妈催我做作业。
→___________________________________________(press sb. into doing sth. )
→_______________________________________(press sb. to do sth. )
of
on
against
新闻
My mother pressed me into doing my homework.
My mother pressed me to do my homework.
4. favour n. 恩惠; 善意的行为
(教材原句)Can you do me a favour and find out what’s going on
你能帮我个忙, 看看发生了什么事吗
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)I liked traveling in France, but when it came to picking my favorite spot to settle, Italy was the clear winner.
我喜欢去法国旅游, 但在选择我最喜欢的定居地点时, 意大利显然是赢家。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之动作、神情描写)I was about to purchase my ________(favour)
bicycle with that money when I noticed my dad and mom standing beside the
old truck, looking sad.
②The poor boy didn’t know what to do, so he went to ask __ favour of his
parents.
③The new manager has created a very ___________(favour) impression on us.
favorite
a
favourable
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①(应用文之求助信)我想告诉你一些关于我暑假计划的事情, 并且我希望
你能帮我一个忙。
I want to tell you something about my plan for the summer vacation and I’d
like you ________________________________.
②他说他赞成这个计划, 我们其他人也这么说。
He said he _______________the plan; so did the rest of us.
to do me a favour/do a favour for me
was in favour of
5. confirm vt. 确认; 证实
(教材原句)Would you like me to confirm my account details
你要我确认一下我的账户详情吗
He was confirmed as captain for the rest of the season.
他被任命在这个赛季剩下的时间内担任队长。
【精要必记】
confirm one’s belief　　 坚定某人的信念
confirm sb. in. . . 使某人在……面更加坚定
confirm sb. as sth. 任命某人为……
be confirmed by sb. 被某人认可
It has been confirmed that. . . 已确定/证实……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①It has confirmed me ___ my decision to become a pilot.
②They worked out an effective method, which ______________(confirm) by
the leadership.
in
was confirmed
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①最近的飞机失事坚定了我的信念, 即需要更严格的安规定。
The recent airplane crash _________________that stronger safety regulations
are needed.
②已经确认新经理将在一周内宣布他的改革计划。
________________________the new manager will announce his reforming
plans in one week.
confirms my belief
It has been confirmed that
6. deliver vt. & vi. 递送; 传送 (delivery n. 投递; 送货; 分娩)
(教材原句)OK. . . Well, according to my records, Ms Smith, your order was delivered last week.
好吧……哦, 根据我的记录, 史密斯女士, 你的订单是上周送达的。
(经典例句)Actual time of your order confirmation is important to determining the exact delivery time.
实际的订单确认时间对于确定准确的发货时间是重要的。
【精要必记】
be delivered of=give birth to　 生孩子, 分娩
deliver sth. to sb. 　 把……传递给某人
deliver a speech 发表演说
【知识宽一度】
巧记deliver的不同含义
【基础·练透】 写出下列句子中deliver的含义/单句语法填空
①Could you deliver this letter to the accounts department _____
②The president will deliver a speech on national security tomorrow. _____
③In her 40 years of practice, the doctor delivered many babies. __________
④Would you deliver my message ___ your mother
⑤Food ________(deliver) service workers are pressured because of competing
hard for business.
投递
发表
接生(小孩)
to
delivery
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之演讲稿)我很荣幸能发表关于“我们能为我们的学校做些什么”的
演讲。
It’s my privilege to _______________about “what we can do for our school”.
deliver a speech
7. harm vt. &n. 伤害, 损害(harmful adj. 有害的, 造成伤害的　harmless adj. 无害的, 无恶意的)
(教材原句)While the Internet can bring people closer together, it can also harm friendships.
虽然互联网可以让人们更亲近, 但它也会损害友谊。
(经典例句)The students learned about the harmful effects of pollution on the environment, especially how destructive it can be to wildlife habitats.
学生们了解了污染对环境的有害影响, 特别是污染对野生动物栖息地的破坏性。
【精要必记】
(1)do/cause harm to　　　　 对……造成伤害
There is no harm in doing. . . 做某事无害处
(2)be harmful to. . . 对……有害
[易混辨析]
辨析wound/injure/hurt/harm
wound 指外伤, 如枪伤、刀伤、剑伤, 尤指在战斗中受伤
injure “损害; 受伤”, 指由于意外或事故而受伤, 着重指容貌、机能的损坏
hurt 指肉体上, 也可指精神上的伤害。也可为“疼痛; 痛苦; 伤心”
harm 肉体上, 也可指精神上的伤害, 可能会带来不便
【基础·练透】单句语法填空
①The majority of people take in too much fat and not enough fibre, which
does great harm ___ their health.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷)Scientists are still trying to determine how ________
(harm) microplastics are—but what they do know has raised concerns.
to
harmful
【写作·提升】 句型转换
①The polluted air is harmful to our health.
→The polluted air _____________our health.
②(应用文之建议信)It does no harm for you to get up early.
→There is ______________________up early.
→Getting up early is _______________.
does harm to
no harm in your getting
harmless to you
8. argument n. 论点; 论据 (argue vi. 争辩, 争吵)
(教材原句)To me, this is a very thought-provoking argument, as it points out the benefits of online friendships. 对我来说, 这非常发人深省, 因为它指出了线上友谊的好处。
【精要必记】
(1)It is beyond argument that. . . 　　 无可争辩的是……
(2)argue with sb. about/over sth. 与某人争论/辩论某事
argue for/against sth. 赞成/反对某事
argue sb. into/out of doing sth. 说服某人做/不做某事
argue that. . . 主张; 认为
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①It’s no use arguing with him ______the question for he won’t change his mind.
②When this happens, the important thing is to try not to let a calm discussion turn
into a heated __________(argue).
【写作·提升】 语段填词
他反对吸烟, 坚持说吸烟有害健康是无可争辩的。最后, 他说服他的爸爸戒了
烟。
He _____________________, and insisted that it was _________________that
smoking was harmful to health. At last, he _____________________________.
about
argument
argued against smoking
beyond argument
argued his father out of smoking
9. replace vt. 取代; 接替 (replacement n. [U]代替; 替换 [C]替换的人/物)
(教材原句)Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug.
首先, 在网上聊天并不能代替面对面的交流——图片当然无法代替现实生活中的微笑或拥抱。
(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)Print texts cannot be entirely replaced in education.
印刷文本在教育中不能完被取代。
【精要必记】
replace sb. /sth. 　　　　 代替某人/某物
replace A with/by B 用B替换/代替A
take the place of=replace 取代
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
My request is that I should get a ____________(replace) for the broken TV, or I
should receive a full refund.
replacement
【写作·提升】 完成句子/一句多译
①随着针灸的发展, 简单的砭石被石针所取代。
As acupuncture developed, the simple bian stones _____________________
_______.
②我将代替我的同桌参加这次运动会。
→I will ____________________to take part in the sports meeting.
→I will ___________________________to take part in the sports meeting.
were replaced by stone
needles
replace my deskmate
take the place of my deskmate
10. concentrate vi. 专注, 专心; 集中注意力 (concentration n. 专心, 集中)
(教材原句)According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
There is a need for greater concentration on environmental issues.
有必要更加关注环境问题。
【精要必记】
concentrate on (doing) sth. 　　聚精会神于(做)某事
concentrate one’s attention/energy on/upon (doing). . .
集中某人的注意力/精力于(做)……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(读后续写之心理描写)My _____________(concentrate) was like a rock, focused
on the task at hand.
②They will concentrate on _________(teach) the students to read and write.
③With his attention _____________(concentrate) on his experiment, he had no time
for his family.
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(读后续写之心理描写)大声的音乐使我无法集中注意力看书。
I can’t ______________________________________with the loud music going on.
concentration
teaching
concentrated
concentrate my attention on/upon my book
11. rewarding adj. 有益的; 有意义的 (reward n. 酬谢; 奖赏; 赏金 v. 酬谢; 奖赏)
(教材原句)How many followers do I have —though we know that the number of “likes” or followers cannot compare to having long-term and rewarding friendships.
多少人关注了我 ——尽管我们知道有多少“赞”或关注者无法与拥有长期和有益的友谊相比。
(2023 新高考Ⅱ卷)You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. 你将获得艺术生活的回报。
【精要必记】
be rewarded for　　　　 因……而得到回报
be rewarded with 得到……回报/奖赏
give sb. a reward for. . . 因某事给某人报酬/回报
in reward=as a reward 作为报答
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①After months of hard training, she was rewarded _____a gold medal at the
competition.
②Travelling along the ancient Silk Road is an interesting and __________(reward)
experience.
with
rewarding
【写作·提升】 一句多译
我送给他一本从上海买的书来答谢他的帮助。
→I gave him a book bought from Shanghai __________for his help.
(reward n. )
→_______________his help, I gave him a book which was bought from
Shanghai. (reward n. )
→I __________________a book which I bought from Shanghai for his help.
(reward v. )
in reward
As a reward for
rewarded him with
12. addition n. 增添; 添加 (additional adj. 额外的, 附加的　additionally adv. 此外)
(教材原句)In addition, a lot of the content posted on social media is shallow or trivial.
此外, 很多发布在社交媒体上的内容都很肤浅或琐碎。
In addition to his full- time job, he also volunteers at the local community center on weekends.
除了职工作, 他周末还在当地社区中心做志愿者。
【精要必记】
in addition=besides/furthermore/what’s more　　 另外, 而且
in addition to=besides/apart from/as well as 除……之外还……
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之建议信)Working out in the morning provides __________
(addition) benefits beyond being physically fit.
②(2025·新高考Ⅰ卷) ____________(additional), the research didn’t include
all types of plastics.
additional
Additionally
【写作·提升】 完成句子
(应用文之活动介绍)除了这些传统活动, 我们还有许多不同的选择, 比如旅
游和拜访我们的亲戚或朋友。
___________________________________________________, we have many
different choices such as travelling and visiting our relatives or friends.
In addition to/Besides/As well as these traditional activities
13. content n. 内容 adj. 满足的; 满意的
The little girl is easy to feel content, and even a small piece of chocolate will make her day.
这个小女孩很容易感到满足, 哪怕是一小块巧克力也会让她开心。
【精要必记】
(1)be/feel content with. . . 对……满足/满意
be content to do sth. 乐于做某事
(2)content oneself with. . . 满足于……
【知识深一度】
content的单复数形式
　　content 表示(书、讲话、节目等的)主题、主要内容时, 用单数形式。表示目录、所容纳之物或所含之物时, 用复数形式。
[巧学助记]
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①My parents are content _______(live) in the country, where the air is fresh and clean.
②(读后续写之心理描写) He seemed content _____whatever they gave him.
【写作·提升】 一句多译
那些满足于现状的人在生活中一定不会有大的作为。
→Those who _______________their present situations will surely make no difference
in life. (content adj. )
→Those who ______________________their present situations will surely make no
difference in life. (content v. )
to live
with
are content with
content themselves with
14. focus vi. &vt. 集中(注意力) n. 焦点
(教材原句)In my opinion, friends should focus more on face-to-face communication, and less on online communication. 在我看来, 朋友们应该多关注面对面的交流, 少进行线上交流。
【图解助记】
【知识宽一度】
图解focus的不同含义
【知识延伸】
“专心于, 神贯注于”大集合:
①focus(one’s attention/mind) on/upon　②be buried in　③be lost in
④be absorbed in　⑤be devoted to
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①(应用文之科学技术)There’s a new frontier in 3D printing that’s beginning
to come _____focus: food.
②(2025·新高考Ⅱ卷)Volunteers are also more likely to look after their own
health and are more ________(focus) on adding physical activity into their lives.
into
focused
【写作·提升】 完成句子/一句多译
①你最好把你的注意力放在学习上。
You’d better __________________________your study.
②察觉到我的困惑, 我的老师告诉我, 只要专注于小事, 我就可以做出很大的
改变。
→Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that by just ___________
___________, I can make a big difference.
→Sensing my state of puzzlement, my teacher told me that by just _____________
____________________________________, I can make a big difference.
focus your attention on/upon
focusing on
small things
concentrating
on/focusing my attention on small things
15. make+宾语十宾语补足语
(教材原句)According to a parenting expert, Denise Daniels, communicating through a screen makes it more difficult for children to concentrate or show kindness to others.
根据育儿专家丹尼斯·丹尼尔斯的说法, 通过屏幕交流会使儿童更难集中注意力或对他人表示善意。
[句型解构]
本句使用了“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构。it是形式宾语, 真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式短语to concentrate or show kindness to others。
【知识深一度】
“make+宾语+宾语补足语”结构中
宾语补足语的形式
　　在“make+宾语+宾语补足语”这一结构中, 宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、过去分词、动词不定式(不带to)等来充当。
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①People in the West make __ a rule to buy New Year presents for their relatives
and friends.
②He spoke in a loud voice to make himself _______(hear).
③Every student was made ______________(understand) what the teacher said in
the class.
it
heard
to understand
【写作·提升】 完成句子
①水里的矿物质让水喝起来口感不好。
The minerals in the water _________________________.
②我们的英语老师经常让我们复述课文, 这对我们的英语学习有益。
Our English teacher often _____________________, which is beneficial to our
English study.
made it unpleasant to drink
makes us retell the texts
【要点拾遗】
account n. 账户
(教材原句)No, I’ve downloaded it, but I can’t figure out how to set up an account.
不, 我已经下载了它, 但我不知道如何建立一个账户。
(经典例句)She retired early on account of ill health. 她体弱多病, 所以提前退休。
【图解助记】
【基础·练透】 单句语法填空
①____ account of these films, some foreigners have begun to think of coming to
China.
②He gave a detailed account ___ what had happened on the fateful night.
【写作·提升】 句型转换
①(应用文之申请信)I’d appreciate it if you could take my application into account.
→I’d appreciate it if you could ___________________________.
②Visitors are on no account allowed to feed animals in the wildlife park.
→On no account __________________to feed animals in the wildlife park.
On
of
take account of my application
are visitors allowed
【词汇要点微练】
Ⅰ. 一词多义
1. device
A. n. 炸弹　B. n. 装置, 设备　C. n. 策　D. n. 诡计
(1)There is a new device for cars that warns drivers of traffic jams ahead. ______
(2)A powerful device exploded(爆炸) outside the station. ______
(3)Sending advertising by email is very successful as a marketing device. ______
(4)The report was a device used to hide rather than solve problems. ______
　B　
　A　
　C　
　D　
2. content
A. n. 目录　B. adj. 满意的　C. n. 内容　D. n. 含量
(1)You are recommended to read the contents of the magazine first. _______
(2)They worry about the fat and calorie content of the food. _______
(3)The content of the course depends on what the students would like to study.
_______
(4)Most of them attending the meeting felt content. _______
　A　
　D　
　C　
　B　
Ⅱ. 词缀微练
en-常用于形容词前构成动词
1. 根据构词法和所给例词填空
sure adj. →ensure v. 确保, 保证
(1)rich adj. →_______v. 丰富
(2)large adj. →________v. 扩大
(3)able adj. →_______v. 使能够, 使可能
enrich
enlarge
enable
2. 根据构词法填写所给词的正确形式
(1)(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解A)This mountain walk provides an insight into
the skills required for hillwalking to _______(sure) you get the most from future
walking trips.
(2)(2021·浙江高考·语法填空)Lincolns _________(enlarge) the house to a full
two stories in 1856 to meet the needs of their growing family.
ensure
enlarged
Ⅲ. 翻译句子
1. (2023·国乙卷·七选五)Several studies have backed this up and found that
indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory.
一些研究支持了这一观点, 并发现室内植物_______________________________。
2. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. A few
minutes spent casting your eye over a page or two can be a rewarding experience.
但是一本字典读起来是一种乐趣。花几分钟的时间浏览一两页是___________
_____。
可以提高创造力、注意力和记忆力
一种有益的
体验
3. (2024·浙江1月高考·七选五)A survey found that 29 percent of college
students registered for online courses.
一项调查发现, _____________注册了网络课。
4. (2021·浙江高考·阅读理解C)If you ever get the impression that your dog
can “tell” whether you look content or annoyed, you may be onto something.
如果你觉得你的狗能“分辨”_______________________, 你可能会有些想法。
29%的大学生
你看起来是满意还是生气
5. (2020· 天津高考·阅读理解A)Once the book you’ve requested is delivered
to the nearest branch(分店), they will inform you by e-mail, so you can pick
it up.
一旦你所要求的书_________________, 他们就会通过电子邮件通知你, 这
样你就可以取它了。
被送到最近的分店
04
语法精研·学思悟透
复合词(Compound Words)
【教材自主探究】
分析以下课文句子并思考黑体部分的组成及功能。
1. Firstly, talking online is no replacement for face-to-face contact—images really cannot replace a real-life smile or hug.
2. Secondly, the Internet can make people self-centred—not thinking of anyone or anything but themselves.
3. Thirdly, online relationships may not be what they appear to be.
4. Using a smartphone, a tablet or a computer, you can be in contact at home and also when you are on the move.
探究: 判断黑体部分的类型
含有复合名词的是__; 含有复合形容词的是______。
4
1, 2, 3
【语法精要点拨】
　　复合词为两个或两个以上的单词连在一起合成的一个新词, 前一个词修饰或限定后一个词。
1. 复合名词
构成法 举例
名词+名词 weekend周末　bookmark书签　guidebook旅游指南
名词+动名词 handwriting书法　sightseeing观光
名词+动词-er painkiller镇痛剂　storyteller讲故事的人
动词+名词 typewriter打字机　postmark邮戳
构成法 举例
形容词+名词 gentleman绅士
名词+动词 handshake握手　sunset日落
介词+名词 by-product副产品
副词+动词 income收入　output产量, 输出
动词+副词 clean-up 打扫　check-up检查
【知识宽一度】
合成名词的复数形式
以不可数名词结尾的合成名词无复数形式 homework
以man或woman修饰的合成名词变复数时, 前后两个名词都变成复数 woman doctor→
women doctors
以两个名词构成的合成名词(前面的名词为man或woman除外), 一般把后面的名词变成复数 boyfriend→boyfriends
paper bag→paper bags
以“可数名词+介词(短语)”构成的合成名词变复数时, 把前面名词变成复数 sister-in-law→sisters-in-law
以“动词/过去分词+副词”构成的合成名词变复数时, 在结尾加-s grown-up→grown-ups
stand-by→stand-bys
2. 复合形容词
构成法 举例
名词+形容词 lifelong终身的, 毕生的
snow-white雪白的
名词+v. -ing English-speaking讲英语的
nature-loving热爱自然的
名词+过去分词 fun-filled充满乐趣的
man-made人造的
形容词+v. -ing good-looking相貌好看的
构成法 举例
形容词+过去分词 strong-minded意志坚强的
absent-minded心不在焉的
electric-powered电动的
副词+过去分词 well-educated受过良好教育的
newly-made新造的
well-known著名的
副词+v. -ing hard-working 勤劳的
介词+名词/v. -ing underlying隐含的, 潜在的
in-vehicle汽车内的
过去分词+副词 built-in内置的
3. 复合动词
构成法 举例
形容词+动词 ill-treat虐待　whitewash掩盖; 粉饰
副词+动词 overcome战胜　overthrow推翻
名词+动词 sleep-walk梦游
4. 复合副词
构成法 举例
形容词+副词 everywhere到处　somehow不知何故
副词+副词 however然而
介词+副词 forever永远
介词+名词 beforehand预先　downstairs在楼下
5. 复合介词
构成法 举例
副词+名词 inside在……里　outside在……外
介词+副词 throughout遍及 within在……之内
副词+介词 into到……里　upon在……之上
6. 复合代词
构成法 举例
代词宾格+self herself她自己　himself他自己
物主代词+self myself我自己　yourself你自己
形容词+名词 anything任何东西　everything一切东西
【即学活用】
(1)翻译下列合成名词
①snowfall　　 _____
②horse-riding _____
③greenhouse _____
④reading-room _______
⑤day-dreaming _______
下雪
骑马
温室
阅览室
白日梦
⑥son-in-law _____
⑦shoe-maker _____
⑧motorway _________
⑨rooftop _____
⑩runway _____
女婿
鞋匠
高速公路
屋顶
跑道
(2)从框里选择合适的合成词并用其适当形式填空
grown-up, man-made, newly-born, passer-by, warm-hearted
①Some __________ lent me a hand when they saw me fall down.
②Many countries have sent up __________ satellites to circle the earth.
③My sister asked me to think of a name for her lovely ___________ baby.
④It isn’t only children that like such jokes; __________ are fond of them, too.
⑤My neighbors are _____________ and they are always ready to help people
in trouble.
passers-by
man-made
newly-born
grown-ups
warm-hearted
【语法要点微练】
Ⅰ. 指出句中加黑复合词的类型
1. (2024·北京高考·阅读理解C)It can be imagined that comparable to the
process of building previous scientific models, developing the “computer
simulation” metaphor-based model will also be a hugely rewarding exercise.
______________
2. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解C)Inside the office, they encourage recycling
and waste reduction by limiting garbage cans and avoiding single-use plastic.
____________
名词+过去分词
形容词+名词
3. (2024·国甲卷·阅读理解A)We look forward to welcoming you as we
showcase the creativity of the Harvard arts community through performances,
art exhibitions and art-making activities. ___________
4. (2024·新高考Ⅰ卷·七选五)I keep two reference books close-by on my desk:
dictionary and thesaurus(同义词词典). ____________
5. (2024·新高考Ⅱ卷·七选五)Why not try a regional alternative or check out a
popular destination’s lesser-known sights ________________
名词+v. -ing
形容词+介词
形容词+过去分词
Ⅱ. 从框里选择合适的复合词并用其适当形式填空
low-income, life-saving, lifestyle, outside
1. (2025·八省联考·阅读理解B)In many communities, that trust is won every
day when __________medicine, greeting cards, social security checks, college
acceptance letters—even the bills—appear in mailboxes in front of the houses.
2. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解A)You can also bike along lovely landscapes
________of Amsterdam.
life-saving
outside
3. (2023·新高考Ⅰ卷·阅读理解C)You can view these practices as a toolbox
meant to aid your efforts to build a minimalist ________ that works for your
particular circumstances.
4. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解B)And at first it is, says Abby Jaramillo, who
with another teacher started Urban Sprouts, a school garden program at four
___________ schools.
lifestyle
low-income
Ⅲ. 单句写作
1. (2023·国乙卷·阅读理解B)To make some of my landscape shots, I have
traveled up to four hours away to shoot ___________________________.
为了拍摄一些风景照片, 我花了4个小时的路, 在10分钟内拍摄。
2. (2024·国甲卷·阅读理解C)The Saint Lukas is _____________________
_______________________that travel to remote towns in central and eastern
Russia.
圣卢卡斯号是五列政府资助的医疗列车之一, 前往俄罗斯中部和东部的偏
远城镇。
within a 10-minute time frame
one of five government-
sponsored medical trains
3. (2023·新高考Ⅱ卷·阅读理解D)We’re trying to generate a language _____
__________________________________________________________.
我们试图创造一种语言, 帮助将人与自然的互动带回到我们的日常生活。
that
helps bring the human-nature interactions back into our daily lives

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