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人教版七年级下册Unit 1单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 1 Animal Friends)
一、特殊疑问句 (Wh- questions)
【规则变化】 特殊疑问句的结构通常为：“特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？”。本单元重点考查询问动物相关信息的句型。
【注意】 What询问事物（最喜欢的动物）；Where询问地点（动物的产地）；Why询问原因（喜欢某种动物的原因）。使用 Why 提问时，习惯上用 Because 来回答。
【易错点】 特殊疑问句不能用 Yes 或 No 来回答。且特殊疑问词后必须紧跟be动词或助动词，不能直接跟主语。
【例句】 —What's your favourite animal 你最喜欢什么动物？
—It's the monkey. 是猴子。
—Where are they from 它们来自哪里？
—They are from Antarctica. 它们来自南极洲。
—Why do you like them so much 你为什么这么喜欢它们？
—Because they're very cute! 因为它们非常可爱！
二、形容词的用法 (Adjectives)
【规则变化】 形容词可以修饰名词或代词。常放在名词前作定语（如 a cute panda），或放在连系动词（如 be, look 等）之后作表语。
【拓展】 常见的连系动词不仅包括 be 动词 (am, is, are)，还包括感官动词如 look(看起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来), feel(感觉)。
【易错点】 单词 lovely（可爱的）、friendly（友好的）虽然以 -ly 结尾，但它们是形容词而非副词，常用于系动词之后。例如：The dog looks friendly.
【例句】 They are clever and funny. 它们既聪明又有趣。
The panda looks lovely. 大熊猫看起来很可爱。
Wolves are very dangerous. 狼非常危险。
三、名词复数 (Plurals of Nouns)
【规则变化】
1. 一般情况在词尾直接加 -s (animal-animals; penguin-penguins; giraffe-giraffes)。
2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词，在词尾加 -es (fox-foxes)。
3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加 -es (baby-babies)。
4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，通常变 f/fe 为 v，再加 -es (wolf-wolves; leaf-leaves)。
【注意】 有些动物名词属于不规则变化或单复数同形。如：mouse-mice（老鼠）；sheep-sheep（羊单复数同形）。
【易错点】 monkey 虽以 y 结尾，但属于元音字母加 y 结尾，所以直接加 -s，变为 monkeys；不可错写成 monkies。
【例句】 Look! A baby wolf and its mother! 看！一只小狼和它的妈妈！
Wolves take good care of their babies. 狼把它们的宝宝照顾得很好。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —What can you see in the zoo picture
—I can see two ________ and a flock of ________.
A. fox; sheeps
B. foxes; sheep
C. foxs; sheep
D. foxes; sheeps
2. —________ do you like monkeys best
—Because they are really clever and funny.
A. What
B. Why
C. Who
D. Where
3. —________ are the penguins from
—They are from Antarctica.
A. When
B. How
C. What
D. Where
4. The baby panda is very ________. It ________ so cute.
A. friend; looks
B. friendly; looks
C. friendly; sees
D. friend; sees
5. The pet cat caught two ________ in the kitchen yesterday evening.
A. mouse
B. mouses
C. mice
D. mices
6. —________ does the elephant look like
—It is very huge and strong.
A. What
B. How
C. Why
D. Where
7. The tigers are ________. You must stay away from them.
A. friendly
B. lovely
C. dangerous
D. smart
8. —________ animal do you like best
—I like dogs best.
A. Where
B. Why
C. What
D. Who
9. The farmer has a lot of animals, including ten ________ and five ________.
A. sheeps; gooses
B. sheep; geese
C. sheeps; geese
D. sheep; gooses
10. The soup smells ________. I can't wait to taste it.
A. good
B. well
C. bad
D. badly
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Last weekend, my parents took me to the zoo. We saw many interesting 11. ________ (animal) there. My favourite animals are 12. ________ (monkey) because they are very 13. ________ (clever) and funny. We also saw some 14. ________ (wolf). They 15. ________ (look) scary and dangerous. I asked my dad, "16. ________ do wolves usually live " He told me they live in the forest. Later, we went to see the pandas. They are 17. ________ (China) national treasures. A baby panda was eating bamboo. It was so 18. ________ (love) that everyone liked it. 19. ________ (sudden), it walked towards us. We were very 20. ________ (excite).
Passage 2
Here is a picture of my pet dog. 21. ________ (it) name is Lucky. It is a 22. ________ (beauty) dog with big eyes. I like playing with it 23. ________ I think it is very smart. 24. ________ (it) favourite food is meat. When I come back home from school, it always runs to me 25. ________ (quick). My mother doesn't like 26. ________ (mouse). One day, Lucky caught two 27. ________ (mouse) in the kitchen. My mother was very 28. ________ (surprise) and happy. Now, Lucky is our best animal 29. ________ (friend). 30. ________ great Lucky is!
Passage 3
Yesterday, we visited a wildlife park. We saw many kinds of 31. ________ (animal). The 32. ________ (fox) are very clever. We also saw some 33. ________ (wolf). They 34. ________ (look) dangerous. I asked the guide, "35. ________ are they from " He said they are from the north. There were also some cute pandas. They are 36. ________ (China) national treasures. They are very 37. ________ (friend) to people. "38. ________ do you like pandas best " my friend asked. "39. ________ they are very 40. ________ (love)," I said.人教版七年级下册Unit 1单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 1 Animal Friends)
一、特殊疑问句 (Wh- questions)
【规则变化】 特殊疑问句的结构通常为：“特殊疑问词 + 一般疑问句语序？”。本单元重点考查询问动物相关信息的句型。
【注意】 What询问事物（最喜欢的动物）；Where询问地点（动物的产地）；Why询问原因（喜欢某种动物的原因）。使用 Why 提问时，习惯上用 Because 来回答。
【易错点】 特殊疑问句不能用 Yes 或 No 来回答。且特殊疑问词后必须紧跟be动词或助动词，不能直接跟主语。
【例句】 —What's your favourite animal 你最喜欢什么动物？
—It's the monkey. 是猴子。
—Where are they from 它们来自哪里？
—They are from Antarctica. 它们来自南极洲。
—Why do you like them so much 你为什么这么喜欢它们？
—Because they're very cute! 因为它们非常可爱！
二、形容词的用法 (Adjectives)
【规则变化】 形容词可以修饰名词或代词。常放在名词前作定语（如 a cute panda），或放在连系动词（如 be, look 等）之后作表语。
【拓展】 常见的连系动词不仅包括 be 动词 (am, is, are)，还包括感官动词如 look(看起来), sound(听起来), taste(尝起来), smell(闻起来), feel(感觉)。
【易错点】 单词 lovely（可爱的）、friendly（友好的）虽然以 -ly 结尾，但它们是形容词而非副词，常用于系动词之后。例如：The dog looks friendly.
【例句】 They are clever and funny. 它们既聪明又有趣。
The panda looks lovely. 大熊猫看起来很可爱。
Wolves are very dangerous. 狼非常危险。
三、名词复数 (Plurals of Nouns)
【规则变化】
1. 一般情况在词尾直接加 -s (animal-animals; penguin-penguins; giraffe-giraffes)。
2. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的词，在词尾加 -es (fox-foxes)。
3. 以辅音字母加 y 结尾的词，变 y 为 i，再加 -es (baby-babies)。
4. 以 f 或 fe 结尾的词，通常变 f/fe 为 v，再加 -es (wolf-wolves; leaf-leaves)。
【注意】 有些动物名词属于不规则变化或单复数同形。如：mouse-mice（老鼠）；sheep-sheep（羊单复数同形）。
【易错点】 monkey 虽以 y 结尾，但属于元音字母加 y 结尾，所以直接加 -s，变为 monkeys；不可错写成 monkies。
【例句】 Look! A baby wolf and its mother! 看！一只小狼和它的妈妈！
Wolves take good care of their babies. 狼把它们的宝宝照顾得很好。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —What can you see in the zoo picture
—I can see two ________ and a flock of ________.
A. fox; sheeps
B. foxes; sheep
C. foxs; sheep
D. foxes; sheeps
2. —________ do you like monkeys best
—Because they are really clever and funny.
A. What
B. Why
C. Who
D. Where
3. —________ are the penguins from
—They are from Antarctica.
A. When
B. How
C. What
D. Where
4. The baby panda is very ________. It ________ so cute.
A. friend; looks
B. friendly; looks
C. friendly; sees
D. friend; sees
5. The pet cat caught two ________ in the kitchen yesterday evening.
A. mouse
B. mouses
C. mice
D. mices
6. —________ does the elephant look like
—It is very huge and strong.
A. What
B. How
C. Why
D. Where
7. The tigers are ________. You must stay away from them.
A. friendly
B. lovely
C. dangerous
D. smart
8. —________ animal do you like best
—I like dogs best.
A. Where
B. Why
C. What
D. Who
9. The farmer has a lot of animals, including ten ________ and five ________.
A. sheeps; gooses
B. sheep; geese
C. sheeps; geese
D. sheep; gooses
10. The soup smells ________. I can't wait to taste it.
A. good
B. well
C. bad
D. badly
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Last weekend, my parents took me to the zoo. We saw many interesting 11. ________ (animal) there. My favourite animals are 12. ________ (monkey) because they are very 13. ________ (clever) and funny. We also saw some 14. ________ (wolf). They 15. ________ (look) scary and dangerous. I asked my dad, "16. ________ do wolves usually live " He told me they live in the forest. Later, we went to see the pandas. They are 17. ________ (China) national treasures. A baby panda was eating bamboo. It was so 18. ________ (love) that everyone liked it. 19. ________ (sudden), it walked towards us. We were very 20. ________ (excite).
Passage 2
Here is a picture of my pet dog. 21. ________ (it) name is Lucky. It is a 22. ________ (beauty) dog with big eyes. I like playing with it 23. ________ I think it is very smart. 24. ________ (it) favourite food is meat. When I come back home from school, it always runs to me 25. ________ (quick). My mother doesn't like 26. ________ (mouse). One day, Lucky caught two 27. ________ (mouse) in the kitchen. My mother was very 28. ________ (surprise) and happy. Now, Lucky is our best animal 29. ________ (friend). 30. ________ great Lucky is!
Passage 3
Yesterday, we visited a wildlife park. We saw many kinds of 31. ________ (animal). The 32. ________ (fox) are very clever. We also saw some 33. ________ (wolf). They 34. ________ (look) dangerous. I asked the guide, "35. ________ are they from " He said they are from the north. There were also some cute pandas. They are 36. ________ (China) national treasures. They are very 37. ________ (friend) to people. "38. ________ do you like pandas best " my friend asked. "39. ________ they are very 40. ________ (love)," I said.
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——在动物园的照片里你能看到什么？——我能看到两只狐狸和一群羊。考查名词复数。fox 是以 x 结尾的单数名词，其复数形式要在词尾加 -es，即 foxes；sheep 是单复数同形的名词，其复数形式仍为 sheep。根据空前的 two 和 a flock of（一群）可知两空均需用名词复数。故选B。
2.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你为什么最喜欢猴子？——因为它们真的很聪明又有趣。考查特殊疑问词。What 什么；Why 为什么；Who 谁；Where 哪里。根据答语“Because...”可知，问句是在询问原因，故用 Why 提问。故选B。
3.【答案】D
【解析】句意：——企鹅来自哪里？——它们来自南极洲。考查特殊疑问词。When 何时；How 怎样；What 什么；Where 哪里。根据答语“They are from Antarctica.”可知，此处是在询问地点，应用特殊疑问词 Where。故选D。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：这只大熊猫宝宝非常友好。它看起来真可爱。考查形容词及系动词的用法。friend 朋友（名词）；friendly 友好的（形容词）。第一空位于系动词 is 之后作表语，应用形容词 friendly；第二空表达“看起来”，应用感官系动词 look，其后常接形容词作表语。主语 it 为单数，故用 looks。故选B。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：昨天晚上，宠物猫在厨房里抓到了两只老鼠。考查名词的复数形式。mouse（老鼠）的复数形式属于不规则变化，为 mice。根据空前 two 可知，此处应用复数名词。故选C。
6.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——大象看起来什么样？——它非常巨大且强壮。考查特殊疑问词。询问“看起来怎么样”用句型“What does/do... look like ”或“How does/do... look ”，结合选项，故选A。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意：老虎是危险的。你必须远离它们。考查形容词辨析。friendly 友好的；lovely 可爱的；dangerous 危险的；smart 聪明的。根据“stay away from them（远离它们）”可知它们是危险的。故选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你最喜欢什么动物？——我最喜欢狗。考查特殊疑问词。Where 哪里；Why 为什么；What 什么；Who 谁。此处修饰名词 animal，询问“什么动物”，用 What。故选C。
9.【答案】B
【解析】句意：这位农夫有很多动物，包括十只羊和五只鹅。考查名词复数。sheep（羊）单复数同形；goose（鹅）的复数形式是不规则变化，为 geese。结合数词 ten 和 five 可知均用复数形式。故选B。
10.【答案】A
【解析】句意：这汤闻起来真香。我迫不及待想尝尝。考查形容词作表语。smell 在此处为感官系动词，意为“闻起来”，其后接形容词作表语。good 好的（形容词）；well 好地（副词）；bad 坏的（形容词）；badly 坏地（副词）。根据后半句迫不及待想尝尝可知汤闻起来很好，故选A。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. animals。many 修饰可数名词复数。
12. monkeys。泛指猴子这类动物，用复数形式。
13. clever。系动词 are 后接形容词作表语，填原级。
14. wolves。some 修饰复数，wolf 的复数变 f 为 v 加 -es。
15. looked。全篇基调为一般过去时，表示当时看起来吓人，填 look 的过去式 looked。
16. Where。根据回答“in the forest”可知询问地点，句首单词首字母大写。
17. China's / Chinese。修饰名词 national treasures 需用所有格或形容词。
18. lovely。so 后接形容词，love 的形容词形式为 lovely。
19. Suddenly。修饰整个句子作状语，用副词形式，句首首字母大写。
20. excited。主语是人，表示“感到兴奋的”，用 -ed 结尾的形容词。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. Its。修饰名词 name 需用形容词性物主代词，指代动物用 its，句首首字母大写。
22. beautiful。修饰名词 dog 需用形容词。
23. because。前后为因果关系，后句表原因，用 because 引导。
24. Its。修饰后面的名词短语 favourite food，用形容词性物主代词，句首首字母大写。
25. quickly。修饰动词 runs 需用副词形式。
26. mice。泛指老鼠这一类动物，用名词复数形式，mouse 的复数为不规则变化 mice。
27. mice。two 修饰可数名词复数。
28. surprised。主语是人，表示“感到惊讶的”，与 happy 并列，填 surprised。
29. friend。前面有 our best animal 修饰，此处指 Lucky 这个个体，用单数形式。
30. How。感叹句句型“How + 形容词 + 主语 + 谓语!”，修饰形容词 great 需用 How，首字母大写。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. animals。many 修饰可数名词复数。
32. foxes。the 修饰，谓语动词 are 是复数，fox 以 x 结尾复数加 -es。
33. wolves。some 修饰复数，wolf 的复数变 f 为 v 加 -es。
34. look / looked。若描述当时的情况可以用过去式 looked；若描述狼普遍的特征，可用一般现在时 look。
35. Where。根据回答“from the north”可知询问地点，首字母大写。
36. Chinese / China's。修饰名词短语 national treasures 需用形容词或所有格。
37. friendly。系动词 are 后接形容词作表语，be friendly to 对……友好。
38. Why。根据回答“Because...”可知询问原因，首字母大写。
39. Because。回答 Why 的提问用 Because，首字母大写。
40. lovely。very 后接形容词作表语，love 的形容词是 lovely。

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