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人教版七年级下册Unit 2单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 2 No Rules, No Order)
一、祈使句 (Imperative Sentences)
【规则变化】 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、警告等。主语通常是 you，但往往省略。肯定式以动词原形开头；否定式在动词原形前加 Don't 或 Never。
【注意】 为了使语气更委婉、礼貌，经常在句首或句末加 please。当 please 放在句末时，前面通常要加逗号。
【拓展】 以 Let 开头的句子也是祈使句的一种，如 Let me / us / him... 意为“让……做……吧”。其否定形式通常是 Let's not + 动词原形。
【易错点】 祈使句中如果需要使用连系动词（如 be quiet, be careful），千万不能漏掉 be。否定式必须是 Don't be...，而不能写成 Aren't / Isn't...。
【例句】 Walk in the hallway. 在走廊里走。
Don't be late for class! 上课不要迟到！
Be polite and treat one another with respect. 要有礼貌并互相尊重。
二、情态动词 can / can't 的用法
【规则变化】 can 意为“能；可以”，否定形式为 cannot，缩写为 can't，意为“不能；不可以”。后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。
【注意】 在本单元中，can 和 can't 主要用于谈论规章制度，表示“允许”或“禁止”做某事。
【例句】 You can only wear the uniform at school. 你在学校只能穿校服。
—Can we bring our phones to class 我们可以把手机带进教室吗？
—No, we can't. 不，我们不能。
三、情态动词 must / mustn't 的用法
【规则变化】 must 意为“必须”，表示主观的义务或要求。其否定形式 mustn't (must not) 意为“千万不要；禁止”，表示强烈的禁止和警告。后接动词原形。
【易错点】 对 must 引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时，绝不能用 mustn't，而必须用 needn't 或 don't have to（不必）。因为 mustn't 表示“禁止”，而不是“不必”。
【例句】 We must keep them in our lockers. 我们必须把它们放在储物柜里。
You mustn't litter. 你千万不能乱扔垃圾。
四、情态动词 have to 的用法
【规则变化】 have to 意为“必须；不得不”，强调客观上的需要。后接动词原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，要变成 has to。
【注意】 have to 的否定形式是 don't / doesn't have to，意为“不必”，而不是“禁止”。它的疑问形式需借助助动词 do / does。
【拓展】 must 强调说话人主观上认为“必须”，而 have to 强调受客观环境或规章制度所迫而“不得不”。
【例句】 We have to eat in the dining hall. 我们不得不在餐厅里吃东西。
She doesn't have to wear a uniform on weekends. 她周末不必穿校服。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. ________ quiet, please. The baby is sleeping in the bedroom.
A. Be
B. Is
C. Are
D. Do
2. ________ late for school again, Tom! We should be on time.
A. Not be
B. Don't be
C. Aren't
D. Isn't
3. —Must I finish the school project today
—No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
4. My mother is ill in hospital. I ________ stay at home to look after my little sister.
A. has to
B. have to
C. must to
D. can
5. ________ in the hallway. It's very dangerous.
A. Run
B. To run
C. Running
D. Don't run
6. —________ we bring our mobile phones to school
—No, we can't. That's a school rule.
A. Must
B. Need
C. Can
D. Should
7. You ________ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It's against the law.
A. can
B. may
C. needn't
D. mustn't
8. —Does Mike ________ wear a school uniform on Monday
—Yes, he does.
A. has to
B. have to
C. must
D. can
9. ________ the classroom clean and tidy, and you will feel comfortable.
A. Keep
B. Keeping
C. To keep
D. Kept
10. It's raining heavily outside. ________ go out to play basketball right now.
A. Let's
B. Let's not
C. Don't let
D. Not let's
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Welcome to our middle school. We have many rules here. First, you 11. ________ (must) be on time for class every day. Don't 12. ________ (be) late. Second, you 13. ________ (have) to wear the school uniform on weekdays. Third, you can't 14. ________ (eat) or drink in the classroom. You must 15. ________ (keep) the classroom clean and tidy. Fourth, you mustn't 16. ________ (fight) with your classmates. 17. ________ (be) polite and friendly to each other. We should treat everyone with 18. ________ (respect). Finally, please walk in the school and don't run in the 19. ________ (hallway). If you follow these 20. ________ (rule), you will have a good time here.
Passage 2
The library is a good place to read and study. But we must follow some rules when we are in it. First, please 21. ________ (keep) quiet. Don't talk 22. ________ (loud) with others. If you have to talk, please speak in a low voice. Second, you 23. ________ (can) listen to music, but you must 24. ________ (use) your headphones. Third, 25. ________ (not) eat food or drink juice in the library. Water is OK. Fourth, please put the books back after 26. ________ (read) them. Don't take them 27. ________ (away) without borrowing them. Fifth, keep the library 28. ________ (clean). You 29. ________ (must) throw litter everywhere. 30. ________ (follow) the rules is very important for everyone in public places.
Passage 3
I am a middle school student. I have a lot of rules at my house. I 31. ________ (have) to get up at 6:30 every morning. After that, I must 32. ________ (make) my bed and clean my room. I can't 33. ________ (watch) TV on school nights. But I can read some books or listen to 34. ________ (music). On weekends, I 35. ________ (can) play computer games for an hour. But I have to 36. ________ (finish) my homework first. Also, I must help my mother 37. ________ (do) some housework. For example, I have to wash the 38. ________ (dish) after dinner. I used to think these rules were strict, but now I know they are helpful. They help me 39. ________ (form) good habits. So I think it's necessary for us to have rules 40. ________ home.人教版七年级下册Unit 2单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 2 No Rules, No Order)
一、祈使句 (Imperative Sentences)
【规则变化】 祈使句一般用来表示请求、命令、劝说、警告等。主语通常是 you，但往往省略。肯定式以动词原形开头；否定式在动词原形前加 Don't 或 Never。
【注意】 为了使语气更委婉、礼貌，经常在句首或句末加 please。当 please 放在句末时，前面通常要加逗号。
【拓展】 以 Let 开头的句子也是祈使句的一种，如 Let me / us / him... 意为“让……做……吧”。其否定形式通常是 Let's not + 动词原形。
【易错点】 祈使句中如果需要使用连系动词（如 be quiet, be careful），千万不能漏掉 be。否定式必须是 Don't be...，而不能写成 Aren't / Isn't...。
【例句】 Walk in the hallway. 在走廊里走。
Don't be late for class! 上课不要迟到！
Be polite and treat one another with respect. 要有礼貌并互相尊重。
二、情态动词 can / can't 的用法
【规则变化】 can 意为“能；可以”，否定形式为 cannot，缩写为 can't，意为“不能；不可以”。后接动词原形，没有人称和数的变化。
【注意】 在本单元中，can 和 can't 主要用于谈论规章制度，表示“允许”或“禁止”做某事。
【例句】 You can only wear the uniform at school. 你在学校只能穿校服。
—Can we bring our phones to class 我们可以把手机带进教室吗？
—No, we can't. 不，我们不能。
三、情态动词 must / mustn't 的用法
【规则变化】 must 意为“必须”，表示主观的义务或要求。其否定形式 mustn't (must not) 意为“千万不要；禁止”，表示强烈的禁止和警告。后接动词原形。
【易错点】 对 must 引导的一般疑问句进行否定回答时，绝不能用 mustn't，而必须用 needn't 或 don't have to（不必）。因为 mustn't 表示“禁止”，而不是“不必”。
【例句】 We must keep them in our lockers. 我们必须把它们放在储物柜里。
You mustn't litter. 你千万不能乱扔垃圾。
四、情态动词 have to 的用法
【规则变化】 have to 意为“必须；不得不”，强调客观上的需要。后接动词原形。当主语是第三人称单数时，要变成 has to。
【注意】 have to 的否定形式是 don't / doesn't have to，意为“不必”，而不是“禁止”。它的疑问形式需借助助动词 do / does。
【拓展】 must 强调说话人主观上认为“必须”，而 have to 强调受客观环境或规章制度所迫而“不得不”。
【例句】 We have to eat in the dining hall. 我们不得不在餐厅里吃东西。
She doesn't have to wear a uniform on weekends. 她周末不必穿校服。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. ________ quiet, please. The baby is sleeping in the bedroom.
A. Be
B. Is
C. Are
D. Do
2. ________ late for school again, Tom! We should be on time.
A. Not be
B. Don't be
C. Aren't
D. Isn't
3. —Must I finish the school project today
—No, you ________. You can do it tomorrow.
A. mustn't
B. can't
C. needn't
D. shouldn't
4. My mother is ill in hospital. I ________ stay at home to look after my little sister.
A. has to
B. have to
C. must to
D. can
5. ________ in the hallway. It's very dangerous.
A. Run
B. To run
C. Running
D. Don't run
6. —________ we bring our mobile phones to school
—No, we can't. That's a school rule.
A. Must
B. Need
C. Can
D. Should
7. You ________ cross the street when the traffic light is red. It's against the law.
A. can
B. may
C. needn't
D. mustn't
8. —Does Mike ________ wear a school uniform on Monday
—Yes, he does.
A. has to
B. have to
C. must
D. can
9. ________ the classroom clean and tidy, and you will feel comfortable.
A. Keep
B. Keeping
C. To keep
D. Kept
10. It's raining heavily outside. ________ go out to play basketball right now.
A. Let's
B. Let's not
C. Don't let
D. Not let's
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Welcome to our middle school. We have many rules here. First, you 11. ________ (must) be on time for class every day. Don't 12. ________ (be) late. Second, you 13. ________ (have) to wear the school uniform on weekdays. Third, you can't 14. ________ (eat) or drink in the classroom. You must 15. ________ (keep) the classroom clean and tidy. Fourth, you mustn't 16. ________ (fight) with your classmates. 17. ________ (be) polite and friendly to each other. We should treat everyone with 18. ________ (respect). Finally, please walk in the school and don't run in the 19. ________ (hallway). If you follow these 20. ________ (rule), you will have a good time here.
Passage 2
The library is a good place to read and study. But we must follow some rules when we are in it. First, please 21. ________ (keep) quiet. Don't talk 22. ________ (loud) with others. If you have to talk, please speak in a low voice. Second, you 23. ________ (can) listen to music, but you must 24. ________ (use) your headphones. Third, 25. ________ (not) eat food or drink juice in the library. Water is OK. Fourth, please put the books back after 26. ________ (read) them. Don't take them 27. ________ (away) without borrowing them. Fifth, keep the library 28. ________ (clean). You 29. ________ (must) throw litter everywhere. 30. ________ (follow) the rules is very important for everyone in public places.
Passage 3
I am a middle school student. I have a lot of rules at my house. I 31. ________ (have) to get up at 6:30 every morning. After that, I must 32. ________ (make) my bed and clean my room. I can't 33. ________ (watch) TV on school nights. But I can read some books or listen to 34. ________ (music). On weekends, I 35. ________ (can) play computer games for an hour. But I have to 36. ________ (finish) my homework first. Also, I must help my mother 37. ________ (do) some housework. For example, I have to wash the 38. ________ (dish) after dinner. I used to think these rules were strict, but now I know they are helpful. They help me 39. ________ (form) good habits. So I think it's necessary for us to have rules 40. ________ home.
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意：请安静。宝宝在卧室里睡觉。考查祈使句。祈使句以动词原形开头，quiet 为形容词，前面需要连系动词 be。故选A。
2.【答案】B
【解析】句意：汤姆，上学不要再迟到了！我们应该准时。考查祈使句的否定形式。祈使句否定形式是在动词原形前加 Don't，late 是形容词，需搭配 be 动词，因此是 Don't be。故选B。
3.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我今天必须完成学校的项目吗？——不，你不必。你可以明天做。考查情态动词。Must 引导的一般疑问句，否定回答不能用 mustn't (禁止)，而应用 needn't 或 don't have to (不必)。故选C。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我妈妈生病住院了。我不得不留在家里照顾我妹妹。考查情态动词。根据句意，由于妈妈生病这一客观原因，“我”不得不留在家中，应用 have to。主语是 I，所以用原形 have to。故选B。
5.【答案】D
【解析】句意：不要在走廊里跑。那非常危险。考查祈使句。根据“It's very dangerous.”可知，应是禁止在走廊跑步，应用祈使句的否定形式 Don't + 动词原形。故选D。
6.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——我们可以把手机带到学校吗？——不，不能。那是学校规定。考查情态动词。表示请求许可，询问“能否/可不可以”用 Can 提问，答语也是 can't。故选C。
7.【答案】D
【解析】句意：红灯时你千万不要过马路。这是违法的。考查情态动词。根据“It's against the law.”可知，这是强烈的禁止，应用 mustn't 表示“千万不要；禁止”。故选D。
8.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——迈克星期一必须穿校服吗？——是的，他必须。考查 have to 的用法。句首有助动词 Does 提问，其后的实义动词必须还原为动词原形，所以用 have to，不能用 has to。故选B。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：保持教室干净整洁，你就会感觉舒适。考查“祈使句 + and + 简单句”结构。逗号前为祈使句，必须以动词原形开头。故选A。
10.【答案】B
【解析】句意：外面雨下得很大。我们现在不要出去打篮球了。考查 Let 祈使句的否定形式。Let's do sth. 意为“让我们做某事吧”，其否定形式为 Let's not do sth.。故选B。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. must。情态动词表示“必须”，符合校规语境。
12. be。Don't 后接动词原形，late 为形容词，需加上 be。
13. have。主语是 you，搭配 have to 表示“不得不；必须”。
14. eat。情态动词 can't 后接动词原形。
15. keep。情态动词 must 后接动词原形。
16. fight。mustn't 后接动词原形。
17. Be。祈使句句首使用动词原形，首字母大写。
18. respect。treat...with respect 为固定搭配，意为“尊重……”。
19. hallways / hallway。在走廊里，可数名词，可用单数或复数，此处单数亦可符合语境。
20. rules。these 修饰可数名词复数形式。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. keep。please 后接动词原形构成祈使句。
22. loudly。修饰动词 talk 应用副词 loudly。
23. can。情态动词表示许可，“可以”。
24. use。must 后接动词原形。
25. Don't。祈使句的否定形式，在句首需大写首字母。
26. reading。介词 after 后跟动名词形式 (v.-ing)。
27. away。take...away 固定搭配，“带走”。
28. clean。keep + 宾语 + 形容词，“保持……干净”。
29. mustn't。根据语境“到处扔垃圾”，此处是强烈的禁止，填 mustn't。
30. Following / To follow。作句子的主语，用动名词或动词不定式，首字母大写。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. have。主语是 I，情态动词用 have to。
32. make。must 后接动词原形，make one's bed 意为“整理床铺”。
33. watch。can't 后接动词原形。
34. music。不可数名词，保持原形。
35. can。表示允许，“可以”，后接动词原形。
36. finish。have to 后接动词原形。
37. do。help sb. (to) do sth.，可填动词原形。
38. dishes。wash the dishes 为固定搭配“洗碗”。
39. form。help sb. (to) do sth.，帮助某人养成习惯，用动词原形。
40. at。固定搭配 at home“在家里”。

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