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人教版七年级下册Unit 3单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 3 Keep Fit)
一、名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
【规则变化】 表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”。
第一人称：mine (我的), ours (我们的)
第二人称：yours (你的), yours (你们的)
第三人称：his (他的), hers (她的), its (它的), theirs (他们的/她们的/它们的)
【注意】 名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，避免前面提到的名词重复出现。使用时，要根据上下文判断其指代的单复数含义。
【易错点】 his 和 its 的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词拼写完全相同。绝不能在名词性物主代词后面再加名词（如：错写为 mine book，应为 my book 或直接用 mine）。
【例句】 —Is this baseball glove yours 这只棒球手套是你的吗？
—Yes, that's mine. Thank you. 是的，是我的。谢谢你。
—Whose badminton racket is this 这是谁的羽毛球拍？
—I think it's Han Lin's. His has "HL" on it. 我想是翰林的。他的（球拍）上面有“HL”。
二、频度副词 (Adverbs of Frequency)
【规则变化】 频度副词用于表示动作发生的频率。常见的频度副词按频率从高到低依次为：always (总是, 100%) > usually (通常, 80%) > often (经常, 60%) > sometimes (有时, 40%) > seldom (很少, 20%) > hardly ever (几乎不, 5%) > never (从不, 0%)。
【注意】 频度副词在句中的位置通常是：放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
【拓展】 提问做某事的频率时，使用疑问词组 How often。回答除了用频度副词，还常使用“次数 + 时间段”的结构，如：once a week (一周一次), twice a month (一月两次), three times a year (一年三次)。
【例句】 —How often do you play football 你多久踢一次足球？
—I play it twice a week, usually at weekends. 我一周踢两次，通常在周末踢。
—I hardly ever play it. 我几乎从不踢足球。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —Excuse me, is this tennis racket ________
—No, it’s not mine. Ask Han Lin. I think it’s ________.
A. your; his
B. yours; his
C. yours; he
D. your; him
2. —________ do you play ping-pong with your friends
—Twice a week.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How much
3. I don't like playing computer games, so I ________ play them.
A. usually
B. often
C. always
D. hardly ever
4. —Are these baseball gloves ________
—No, they belong to Emma and Ella. They’re ________.
A. ours; theirs
B. our; their
C. ours; their
D. our; theirs
5. My sister is very healthy because she ________ exercises every day.
A. never
B. always
C. seldom
D. hardly
6. —Dad, where are my running shoes And Tom’s
—________ are right here. ________ are over there.
A. Your; His
B. Yours; His
C. Your; He
D. Yours; Him
7. It is raining heavily outside. We ________ go out for a walk.
A. usually
B. always
C. seldom
D. often
8. —Whose jump rope is this Is it Mary's
—Yes, it’s ________.
A. her
B. she
C. hers
D. herself
9. Practice makes perfect. To keep fit, I ________ play badminton with my friends at weekends.
A. never
B. seldom
C. hardly ever
D. usually
10. —There is a beautiful bike in the yard. Is it ________, Mr. Smith
—No, it's not ________. It belongs to my daughter.
A. yours; my
B. your; mine
C. yours; mine
D. your; my
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Hello, everyone! I am Han Lin. I want to talk about how I keep fit. I think playing sports is very important for our health. I love football best. I 11. ________ (usual) play football three 12. ________ (time) a week with my classmates. We always work as a team. Some girls in our class like playing badminton. 13. ________ (they) favourite sport is very popular. I asked Ella, "How 14. ________ do you play badminton " She said, "I play it once or 15. ________ (two) a week." Yesterday, I found a ping-pong bat in the classroom. I asked Jim, "Is this ping-pong bat 16. ________ (you) " Jim said, "No, it isn't 17. ________ (my). Maybe it's Yaming's. I think 18. ________ (his) has a red mark on it." Later, we found Yaming and gave it back to him. Yaming is very good at ping-pong. He plays it very 19. ________ (good). He believes practice 20. ________ (make) perfect!
Passage 2
My name is Emma. I have many friends, and we all have different exercise habits. My brother Peter loves baseball. He has a very nice baseball glove. The brown one on the desk is 21. ________ (he). He 22. ________ (hard) ever misses a baseball match on TV. As for my friend Ai Ling, her favourite sport is basketball. She plays it every day. But I am different. I 23. ________ (seldom) do active sports because I am a quiet girl. I prefer doing yoga (瑜伽) on my exercise mat. I do it 24. ________ (one) a week. My parents 25. ________ (always) encourage me to try something new. Last weekend, they bought two jump ropes. One is for my brother, and the other is 26. ________ (I). "Let's jump rope together!" they said. I tried it and found it was a lot of fun. Now, my brother and I jump rope in the park 27. ________ (two) a week. We are both very 28. ________ (health). How 29. ________ you Do you often take exercise Remember, exercise keeps our bodies and minds 30. ________ (fit)!
Passage 3
Welcome to our sports club! Here, we have many sports items for you. Look at these tennis rackets. The blue ones belong to the school. They are 31. ________ (our). The red ones belong to the students. They are 32. ________ (their). If you want to play tennis, you can borrow one. Mr. Smith is our coach. He is very strict. He tells us we must warm up before doing sports. "You should 33. ________ (always) do some stretching (拉伸)," he says. We follow his advice 34. ________ it is good for us. We have training classes every Monday and Wednesday. That means we train 35. ________ (two) a week. Some students also play basketball here. Do you see the basketball over there It belongs to Jack. It is 36. ________ (he). He plays basketball very 37. ________ (active). But he 38. ________ (never) plays it in the classroom. He knows the rules. We all know that playing sports can help us grow 39. ________ (tall) and stronger. So, put on 40. ________ (you) running shoes and join us now!人教版七年级下册Unit 3单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 3 Keep Fit)
一、名词性物主代词 (Possessive Pronouns)
【规则变化】 表示所有关系的代词叫作物主代词。名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词 + 名词”。
第一人称：mine (我的), ours (我们的)
第二人称：yours (你的), yours (你们的)
第三人称：his (他的), hers (她的), its (它的), theirs (他们的/她们的/它们的)
【注意】 名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，避免前面提到的名词重复出现。使用时，要根据上下文判断其指代的单复数含义。
【易错点】 his 和 its 的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词拼写完全相同。绝不能在名词性物主代词后面再加名词（如：错写为 mine book，应为 my book 或直接用 mine）。
【例句】 —Is this baseball glove yours 这只棒球手套是你的吗？
—Yes, that's mine. Thank you. 是的，是我的。谢谢你。
—Whose badminton racket is this 这是谁的羽毛球拍？
—I think it's Han Lin's. His has "HL" on it. 我想是翰林的。他的（球拍）上面有“HL”。
二、频度副词 (Adverbs of Frequency)
【规则变化】 频度副词用于表示动作发生的频率。常见的频度副词按频率从高到低依次为：always (总是, 100%) > usually (通常, 80%) > often (经常, 60%) > sometimes (有时, 40%) > seldom (很少, 20%) > hardly ever (几乎不, 5%) > never (从不, 0%)。
【注意】 频度副词在句中的位置通常是：放在be动词、助动词、情态动词之后，实义动词之前。
【拓展】 提问做某事的频率时，使用疑问词组 How often。回答除了用频度副词，还常使用“次数 + 时间段”的结构，如：once a week (一周一次), twice a month (一月两次), three times a year (一年三次)。
【例句】 —How often do you play football 你多久踢一次足球？
—I play it twice a week, usually at weekends. 我一周踢两次，通常在周末踢。
—I hardly ever play it. 我几乎从不踢足球。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —Excuse me, is this tennis racket ________
—No, it’s not mine. Ask Han Lin. I think it’s ________.
A. your; his
B. yours; his
C. yours; he
D. your; him
2. —________ do you play ping-pong with your friends
—Twice a week.
A. How long
B. How soon
C. How often
D. How much
3. I don't like playing computer games, so I ________ play them.
A. usually
B. often
C. always
D. hardly ever
4. —Are these baseball gloves ________
—No, they belong to Emma and Ella. They’re ________.
A. ours; theirs
B. our; their
C. ours; their
D. our; theirs
5. My sister is very healthy because she ________ exercises every day.
A. never
B. always
C. seldom
D. hardly
6. —Dad, where are my running shoes And Tom’s
—________ are right here. ________ are over there.
A. Your; His
B. Yours; His
C. Your; He
D. Yours; Him
7. It is raining heavily outside. We ________ go out for a walk.
A. usually
B. always
C. seldom
D. often
8. —Whose jump rope is this Is it Mary's
—Yes, it’s ________.
A. her
B. she
C. hers
D. herself
9. Practice makes perfect. To keep fit, I ________ play badminton with my friends at weekends.
A. never
B. seldom
C. hardly ever
D. usually
10. —There is a beautiful bike in the yard. Is it ________, Mr. Smith
—No, it's not ________. It belongs to my daughter.
A. yours; my
B. your; mine
C. yours; mine
D. your; my
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Hello, everyone! I am Han Lin. I want to talk about how I keep fit. I think playing sports is very important for our health. I love football best. I 11. ________ (usual) play football three 12. ________ (time) a week with my classmates. We always work as a team. Some girls in our class like playing badminton. 13. ________ (they) favourite sport is very popular. I asked Ella, "How 14. ________ do you play badminton " She said, "I play it once or 15. ________ (two) a week." Yesterday, I found a ping-pong bat in the classroom. I asked Jim, "Is this ping-pong bat 16. ________ (you) " Jim said, "No, it isn't 17. ________ (my). Maybe it's Yaming's. I think 18. ________ (his) has a red mark on it." Later, we found Yaming and gave it back to him. Yaming is very good at ping-pong. He plays it very 19. ________ (good). He believes practice 20. ________ (make) perfect!
Passage 2
My name is Emma. I have many friends, and we all have different exercise habits. My brother Peter loves baseball. He has a very nice baseball glove. The brown one on the desk is 21. ________ (he). He 22. ________ (hard) ever misses a baseball match on TV. As for my friend Ai Ling, her favourite sport is basketball. She plays it every day. But I am different. I 23. ________ (seldom) do active sports because I am a quiet girl. I prefer doing yoga (瑜伽) on my exercise mat. I do it 24. ________ (one) a week. My parents 25. ________ (always) encourage me to try something new. Last weekend, they bought two jump ropes. One is for my brother, and the other is 26. ________ (I). "Let's jump rope together!" they said. I tried it and found it was a lot of fun. Now, my brother and I jump rope in the park 27. ________ (two) a week. We are both very 28. ________ (health). How 29. ________ you Do you often take exercise Remember, exercise keeps our bodies and minds 30. ________ (fit)!
Passage 3
Welcome to our sports club! Here, we have many sports items for you. Look at these tennis rackets. The blue ones belong to the school. They are 31. ________ (our). The red ones belong to the students. They are 32. ________ (their). If you want to play tennis, you can borrow one. Mr. Smith is our coach. He is very strict. He tells us we must warm up before doing sports. "You should 33. ________ (always) do some stretching (拉伸)," he says. We follow his advice 34. ________ it is good for us. We have training classes every Monday and Wednesday. That means we train 35. ________ (two) a week. Some students also play basketball here. Do you see the basketball over there It belongs to Jack. It is 36. ________ (he). He plays basketball very 37. ________ (active). But he 38. ________ (never) plays it in the classroom. He knows the rules. We all know that playing sports can help us grow 39. ________ (tall) and stronger. So, put on 40. ________ (you) running shoes and join us now!
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——打扰一下，这把网球拍是你的吗？——不，不是我的。问问翰林吧。我想是他的。考查名词性物主代词。第一空后面没有名词，作表语，应用名词性物主代词 yours (你的)；第二空指代 Han Lin's (tennis racket)，同样需要名词性物主代词 his (他的)。his 的形容词性和名词性同形。故选B。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你多久和朋友打一次乒乓球？——一周两次。考查疑问词辨析。How long 多久（问时间段）/多长；How soon 多久以后（用于一般将来时）；How often 多久一次（问频率）；How much 多少（问价格或不可数名词数量）。答语“Twice a week”表示频率，故用 How often 提问。故选C。
3.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我不喜欢玩电脑游戏，所以我几乎不玩。考查频度副词。usually 通常；often 经常；always 总是；hardly ever 几乎从不。根据前半句“我不喜欢玩电脑游戏”可知，玩的频率应该是非常低的。故选D。
4.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——这些棒球手套是你们的吗？——不，它们属于Emma和Ella。它们是她们的。考查名词性物主代词。两空后面均没有名词，都作表语，应使用名词性物主代词。ours 我们的；theirs 她们的/他们的。故选A。
5.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我姐姐非常健康，因为她总是每天锻炼。考查频度副词。never 从不；always 总是；seldom 很少；hardly 几乎不。根据句意她“非常健康”和“every day(每天)”可知，此处表示频率很高，用 always。故选B。
6.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——爸爸，我的跑鞋在哪？汤姆的呢？——你的在这里。他的是在那边。考查名词性物主代词。两空均单独作主语，后面没有名词，应使用名词性物主代词 yours (你的) 和 his (他的)。故选B。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意：外面雨下得很大。我们很少出去散步。考查频度副词。usually 通常；always 总是；seldom 很少；often 经常。根据“It is raining heavily outside”可知，雨下得大，出门散步的频率应该很低，故用 seldom。故选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——这是谁的跳绳？是玛丽的吗？——是的，是她的。考查代词的用法。空处在句中作表语，指代玛丽的跳绳，后面没有名词，应用名词性物主代词 hers。故选C。
9.【答案】D
【解析】句意：熟能生巧。为了保持健康，我通常周末和朋友们打羽毛球。考查频度副词。never 从不；seldom 很少；hardly ever 几乎从不；usually 通常。根据“To keep fit”可知为了保持健康，打羽毛球的频率应该是较高的，故选D。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——院子里有一辆漂亮的自行车。是您的吗，史密斯先生？——不，不是我的。它属于我女儿。考查名词性物主代词。两空均作表语，其后不接名词，应使用名词性物主代词 yours (您的) 和 mine (我的)。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. usually。在实义动词 play 前，需用频度副词 usually 修饰。
12. times。three 修饰可数名词复数，time 表示“次数”时是可数名词。
13. Their。修饰名词短语 favourite sport，用形容词性物主代词 their，句首首字母大写。
14. often。提问频率用固定短语 How often。
15. twice。根据 once or 可知，此处指“两次”，用 twice。
16. yours。作表语，后无名词，用名词性物主代词 yours 指代你的乒乓球拍。
17. mine。作表语，后无名词，用名词性物主代词 mine 指代我的乒乓球拍。
18. his。作宾语从句的主语，指代他的球拍，用名词性物主代词 his。
19. well。修饰动词 plays，需用副词 well。
20. makes。Practice makes perfect (熟能生巧) 是客观真理，用一般现在时，主语 practice 不可数，谓语动词用三单。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. his。作表语，后无名词，指代哥哥的棒球手套，用名词性物主代词 his。
22. hardly。hardly ever 意为“几乎从不”，是表示频率的副词短语。
23. seldom。根据后面的“because I am a quiet girl”可知，很少做剧烈运动，直接填副词 seldom。
24. once。表示“一次”，用 once。
25. always。频度副词，直接填 always。
26. mine。作表语，前面有主语 the other (另一根跳绳)，指代“我的”，用名词性物主代词 mine。
27. twice。表示“一周两次”，填 twice。
28. healthy。系动词 are 后面接形容词作表语，填 healthy。
29. about。How about you 为固定句型，意为“你呢？”。
30. fit。keep sb./sth. fit 意为“保持……健康”，直接填形容词 fit。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. ours。指代“我们的（网球拍）”，作表语，用名词性物主代词 ours。
32. theirs。指代“他们的（网球拍）”，作表语，用名词性物主代词 theirs。
33. always。频度副词放在情态动词 should 之后，动词原形前，直接填 always。
34. because。前后存在因果关系，“因为它对我们有好处”是原因，填 because。
35. twice。根据前文每周一和周三有课，说明一周训练两次，用 twice。
36. his。作表语，指代“他的（篮球）”，用名词性物主代词 his。
37. actively。修饰动词 plays，需用副词 actively。
38. never。频度副词，根据后文“He knows the rules.”可知不能在教室里打球，所以是“从不”，填 never。
39. taller。与后面的比较级 stronger 并列，需用形容词比较级 taller。
40. your。修饰名词 running shoes，需用形容词性物主代词 your。

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