资源简介

人教版七年级下册Unit 5单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 5 Here and Now)
一、现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense)
【规则变化】 表示现在（说话瞬间）或当前一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。其结构为：主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式。
肯定句：主语 + be + V-ing.
否定句：主语 + be + not + V-ing.
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + V-ing
【注意】 现在进行时常与时间状语 now (现在), right now (就在此刻), at the moment (此刻) 连用；也常与提示词 Look! (看！), Listen! (听！) 连用。
【易错点】 在构成现在进行时时，极易漏掉 be 动词。如：“I reading a book.” 是错误的，必须加上 be 动词，写成 “I am reading a book.”。
【例句】 What are you doing right now 你现在正在做什么？
I am doing my homework. 我正在做我的家庭作业。
Look! They are having breakfast. 看！他们正在吃早饭。
二、动词-ing形式的构成规则
【规则变化】
1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加 -ing。(如：do-doing; read-reading)
2. 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e，再加 -ing。(如：make-making; write-writing)
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing。(如：run-running; swim-swimming; sit-sitting; get-getting)
4. 以 ie 结尾的动词，把 ie 变为 y，再加 -ing。(如：lie-lying; die-dying)
【拓展】 在初中阶段，常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母的动词可以巧记为：“坐(sit)在游泳(swim)池边，开始(begin)计划(plan)跑步(run)，得到(get)允许才停(stop)下”。
【易错点】 当以 x 结尾时通常不双写（如 fix-fixing）；listen 虽然以辅音字母结尾，但重音在第一音节，所以不双写直接加-ing（listen-listening）。
【例句】 Hao Yi and I are making zongzi! 浩宇和我正在包粽子！
We are watching the races on TV too. 我们也在电视上看比赛。
三、打电话常用交际用语
【规则变化】 英语中打电话有着特定的习惯用语。
1. 介绍自己时，用 “This is...” 或 “It's...”。
2. 询问对方是谁时，用 “Who's that ” 或 “Is that... (speaking) ”。
3. 找某人接电话时，用 “May I speak to... ”。
4. 请对方稍等，用 “Hold on, please.” 或 “Just a moment.”。
5. 留言/捎口信，用 “Can I take a message ” 或 “Could you ask him to call me back ”。
【易错点】 受汉语思维影响，学生打电话时容易用 “I am...” 介绍自己，或用 “Are you...” 询问对方，这在英语中是绝对错误的。
【例句】 —Hello May I speak to Adam, please 喂？请问亚当在吗？
—It's Peter. 我是彼得。
—Hold on. Here's Mum. 等一下，妈妈来接了。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. Listen! She ________ in the next room. She has a beautiful voice.
A. sings
B. is singing
C. sang
D. will sing
2. Look at the boys! They are ________ in the river happily.
A. swim
B. swims
C. swimming
D. swiming
3. —Hello Is that Mary speaking
—Yes, ________.
A. I am
B. this is
C. she is
D. my name is
4. —What are you doing right now
—I ________ my homework.
A. do
B. am doing
C. did
D. will do
5. It's 8:00 a.m. The students ________ an English class in the classroom.
A. have
B. had
C. are having
D. will have
6. —May I speak to Adam, please
—Sorry, he isn't at home at the moment. Can I take a ________
A. photo
B. message
C. walk
D. shower
7. The old man is reading a newspaper, but he ________ TV now.
A. doesn't watch
B. isn't watching
C. didn't watch
D. won't watch
8. Jack often ________ a bike to work, but today it is raining, so he ________ a bus.
A. rides; takes
B. is riding; is taking
C. rides; is taking
D. is riding; takes
9. —Hello Who's ________
—It's Peter.
A. that
B. this
C. he
D. she
10. My family and I ________ a holiday here in Guangzhou and we are having a great time.
A. take
B. takes
C. took
D. are taking
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Dear Kate,
I 11. ________ (write) to you from Pingyao! My family and I 12. ________ (visit) my uncle right now. We are 13. ________ (have) a great time here! My uncle is 14. ________ (show) us all the sights. We are staying near Pingyao's famous city walls. I know it's near your exams. 15. ________ you 16. ________ (study) today I hope it is all 17. ________ (go) well! Outside the window, people 18. ________ (walk) on the ancient street. Some children 19. ________ (run) and 20. ________ (laugh). I look forward to seeing you soon!
Passage 2
It is Sunday morning. There are many people in the park. Look! Some old people 21. ________ (dance) to the music. A little girl 22. ________ (fly) a kite with her father. Her mother 23. ________ (sit) on the grass and 24. ________ (take) photos for them. Near the lake, two boys 25. ________ (swim). But wait, swimming is not allowed here. A park keeper 26. ________ (run) towards them and shouting. Under a big tree, a group of students 27. ________ (read) English. What 28. ________ you 29. ________ (do) right now 30. ________ you enjoying your weekend like them
Passage 3
Ring... The phone is 31. ________ (ring). Jane 32. ________ (answer) the phone. "Hello 33. ________ is Jane speaking," she says. "Hi, Jane! It's Dad! What are you 34. ________ (do) at the moment " "I am 35. ________ (make) zongzi with Hao Yi. We 36. ________ (get) ready for the Dragon Boat Festival!" Jane answers happily. "That sounds great! Is Mum there too Is she 37. ________ (feel) better " Dad asks. "Yes, her cold is gone. She is 38. ________ (garden) outside. Hold 39. ________. I'll pass the phone to her." "Hi, Mum!" Jane calls out. "Dad 40. ________ (wait) on the phone for you."人教版七年级下册Unit 5单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 5 Here and Now)
一、现在进行时 (Present Continuous Tense)
【规则变化】 表示现在（说话瞬间）或当前一段时间内正在进行或发生的动作。其结构为：主语 + be动词 (am/is/are) + 动词-ing形式。
肯定句：主语 + be + V-ing.
否定句：主语 + be + not + V-ing.
一般疑问句：Be + 主语 + V-ing
【注意】 现在进行时常与时间状语 now (现在), right now (就在此刻), at the moment (此刻) 连用；也常与提示词 Look! (看！), Listen! (听！) 连用。
【易错点】 在构成现在进行时时，极易漏掉 be 动词。如：“I reading a book.” 是错误的，必须加上 be 动词，写成 “I am reading a book.”。
【例句】 What are you doing right now 你现在正在做什么？
I am doing my homework. 我正在做我的家庭作业。
Look! They are having breakfast. 看！他们正在吃早饭。
二、动词-ing形式的构成规则
【规则变化】
1. 一般情况下，直接在动词词尾加 -ing。(如：do-doing; read-reading)
2. 以不发音的字母 e 结尾的动词，去掉 e，再加 -ing。(如：make-making; write-writing)
3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，先双写这个辅音字母，再加 -ing。(如：run-running; swim-swimming; sit-sitting; get-getting)
4. 以 ie 结尾的动词，把 ie 变为 y，再加 -ing。(如：lie-lying; die-dying)
【拓展】 在初中阶段，常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母的动词可以巧记为：“坐(sit)在游泳(swim)池边，开始(begin)计划(plan)跑步(run)，得到(get)允许才停(stop)下”。
【易错点】 当以 x 结尾时通常不双写（如 fix-fixing）；listen 虽然以辅音字母结尾，但重音在第一音节，所以不双写直接加-ing（listen-listening）。
【例句】 Hao Yi and I are making zongzi! 浩宇和我正在包粽子！
We are watching the races on TV too. 我们也在电视上看比赛。
三、打电话常用交际用语
【规则变化】 英语中打电话有着特定的习惯用语。
1. 介绍自己时，用 “This is...” 或 “It's...”。
2. 询问对方是谁时，用 “Who's that ” 或 “Is that... (speaking) ”。
3. 找某人接电话时，用 “May I speak to... ”。
4. 请对方稍等，用 “Hold on, please.” 或 “Just a moment.”。
5. 留言/捎口信，用 “Can I take a message ” 或 “Could you ask him to call me back ”。
【易错点】 受汉语思维影响，学生打电话时容易用 “I am...” 介绍自己，或用 “Are you...” 询问对方，这在英语中是绝对错误的。
【例句】 —Hello May I speak to Adam, please 喂？请问亚当在吗？
—It's Peter. 我是彼得。
—Hold on. Here's Mum. 等一下，妈妈来接了。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. Listen! She ________ in the next room. She has a beautiful voice.
A. sings
B. is singing
C. sang
D. will sing
2. Look at the boys! They are ________ in the river happily.
A. swim
B. swims
C. swimming
D. swiming
3. —Hello Is that Mary speaking
—Yes, ________.
A. I am
B. this is
C. she is
D. my name is
4. —What are you doing right now
—I ________ my homework.
A. do
B. am doing
C. did
D. will do
5. It's 8:00 a.m. The students ________ an English class in the classroom.
A. have
B. had
C. are having
D. will have
6. —May I speak to Adam, please
—Sorry, he isn't at home at the moment. Can I take a ________
A. photo
B. message
C. walk
D. shower
7. The old man is reading a newspaper, but he ________ TV now.
A. doesn't watch
B. isn't watching
C. didn't watch
D. won't watch
8. Jack often ________ a bike to work, but today it is raining, so he ________ a bus.
A. rides; takes
B. is riding; is taking
C. rides; is taking
D. is riding; takes
9. —Hello Who's ________
—It's Peter.
A. that
B. this
C. he
D. she
10. My family and I ________ a holiday here in Guangzhou and we are having a great time.
A. take
B. takes
C. took
D. are taking
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Dear Kate,
I 11. ________ (write) to you from Pingyao! My family and I 12. ________ (visit) my uncle right now. We are 13. ________ (have) a great time here! My uncle is 14. ________ (show) us all the sights. We are staying near Pingyao's famous city walls. I know it's near your exams. 15. ________ you 16. ________ (study) today I hope it is all 17. ________ (go) well! Outside the window, people 18. ________ (walk) on the ancient street. Some children 19. ________ (run) and 20. ________ (laugh). I look forward to seeing you soon!
Passage 2
It is Sunday morning. There are many people in the park. Look! Some old people 21. ________ (dance) to the music. A little girl 22. ________ (fly) a kite with her father. Her mother 23. ________ (sit) on the grass and 24. ________ (take) photos for them. Near the lake, two boys 25. ________ (swim). But wait, swimming is not allowed here. A park keeper 26. ________ (run) towards them and shouting. Under a big tree, a group of students 27. ________ (read) English. What 28. ________ you 29. ________ (do) right now 30. ________ you enjoying your weekend like them
Passage 3
Ring... The phone is 31. ________ (ring). Jane 32. ________ (answer) the phone. "Hello 33. ________ is Jane speaking," she says. "Hi, Jane! It's Dad! What are you 34. ________ (do) at the moment " "I am 35. ________ (make) zongzi with Hao Yi. We 36. ________ (get) ready for the Dragon Boat Festival!" Jane answers happily. "That sounds great! Is Mum there too Is she 37. ________ (feel) better " Dad asks. "Yes, her cold is gone. She is 38. ________ (garden) outside. Hold 39. ________. I'll pass the phone to her." "Hi, Mum!" Jane calls out. "Dad 40. ________ (wait) on the phone for you."
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：听！她正在隔壁房间唱歌。她的嗓音很美。考查现在进行时。根据提示词 Listen! 可知，唱歌的动作正在发生，应用现在进行时 (is/am/are + doing)。主语是 She，be动词用 is。故选B。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：看那些男孩！他们正在河里开心地游泳。考查动词的-ing形式规则。swim 属于重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母的动词，要双写末尾的辅音字母 m 再加 -ing。故选C。
3.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——喂？请问是玛丽吗？——是的，我是。考查英语打电话用语。在英语中打电话，介绍自己要用 This is... (speaking)，不能用 I am 或 my name is。故选B。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——你现在正在做什么？——我正在做作业。考查现在进行时。问句中 right now 提示用现在进行时，所以答语也应用现在进行时，表示目前正在做的事情。主语是 I，故用 am doing。故选B。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：现在是早上8点。学生们正在教室里上英语课。考查现在进行时。根据 It's 8:00 a.m. 语境提示，上课这一动作正在此时发生，应用现在进行时。The students 为复数，be动词用 are。故选C。
6.【答案】B
【解析】句意：——请问亚当在吗？——抱歉，他现在不在家。需要我帮你捎个口信吗？考查交际用语。take a message 意为“捎口信/留言”，是打电话时的常用固定搭配。故选B。
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：那位老人正在看报纸，但他现在没有在看电视。考查现在进行时的否定句。根据前文 is reading 以及句末的 now 可知，此空应填现在进行时的否定形式 (isn't/aren't/am not + doing)。主语为 he，故用 isn't watching。故选B。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：杰克通常骑自行车上班，但今天下雨了，所以他正在乘公交车。考查时态辨析。第一空有 often (通常)，表示经常性动作，用一般现在时 (rides)；第二空根据 today it is raining (今天正在下雨) 可知，乘公交是目前的临时动作，用现在进行时 (is taking)。故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——喂？请问你是哪位？——我是彼得。考查英语打电话用语。在电话中询问对方是谁，应该用 "Who's that (speaking) "，不能用 Who are you 或者是 he/she。故选A。
10.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我和我的家人正在广州度假，我们玩得很开心。考查现在进行时。根据 and we are having a great time (且我们正玩得开心) 的并列关系可知，度假这一动作也正在进行中，因此使用 are taking。故选D。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. am writing。表示“我现在正在给你写信”，用现在进行时。
12. are visiting。根据时间状语 right now 可知动作正在进行，主语为复数，用 are visiting。
13. having。are 后面加动词-ing，have 去 e 加 -ing。
14. showing。is 后面加动词-ing 构成现在进行时。
15. Are。考查现在进行时的一般疑问句，主语是 you，助动词用 Are 放在句首。
16. studying。与前一空的 Are 搭配构成正在进行时，study 直接加 -ing。
17. going。is 后面加 going，表示“一切进行得顺利”。
18. are walking。描述眼前窗外正在发生的画面，people 是复数，用 are walking。
19. are running。描述小孩子正在跑，run 要双写 n 再加 -ing。
20. laughing。与前面的 are running 并列，这里共用 be 动词，直接填 laughing 即可。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. are dancing。根据 Look! 提示，动作正在进行。people 为集合名词做复数看待，用 are dancing，dance 去 e 加 -ing。
22. is flying。主语 a little girl 为单数，用 is flying。
23. is sitting。主语 Her mother 为单数，sit 要双写 t 加 -ing。
24. taking。与 is sitting 并列，此处共用 is，直接填 taking（去 e 加 -ing）。
25. are swimming。主语 two boys 是复数，swim 要双写 m 加 -ing。
26. is running。A park keeper 是单数，run 双写 n 加 -ing。
27. are reading。a group of students 强调复数概念，用 are reading。
28. are。特殊疑问句的现在进行时，主语是 you，用 are。
29. doing。与 are 结合，表示“你正在做什么”。
30. Are。一般疑问句，主语是 you，句首首字母需大写。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. ringing。is 之后加动词 -ing，表示电话正在响。
32. is answering / answers。根据后文 “says” 此时在描绘现场，但由于整个段落基本是现在进行状态，结合前面 The phone is ringing 正在响，这里使用 is answering 表示正在接听更好；若作为一般叙述，answers 也可接受，更推荐 is answering。
33. This。打电话介绍自己：“This is... speaking”，句首首字母大写。
34. doing。现在进行时特殊疑问句，are ... doing。
35. making。am 之后加 -ing 形式，make 去 e 加 -ing。
36. are getting。表示“我们正在为端午节做准备”，get 双写 t 加 -ing。
37. feeling。is 之后加 -ing 形式，表示她感觉好点了吗。
38. gardening。garden 作动词指从事园艺，加 -ing 构成进行时。
39. on。打电话用语 "Hold on" 表示请稍等。
40. is waiting。表示“爸爸正拿着电话等你”，用现在进行时。

展开更多......

收起↑