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人教版七年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 Rain or Shine)
一、询问与描述天气的句型
【规则变化】 询问天气的常见句型有两种：
1. What's the weather like (in + 某地)
2. How's the weather (in + 某地)
【注意】 描述天气时，通常用 "It is + 表示天气的形容词" 或 "It is + 动词-ing形式"。如：It is sunny (晴朗的) / It is raining (正在下雨)。
【拓展】 当表示雨或雪下得“很大”时，英语中不用 big，而是用 heavy / heavily 或 hard 修饰。例如：It's raining heavily. (雨下得很大。) / It rains cats and dogs. (倾盆大雨。)
【例句】 —What's the weather like today 今天天气怎么样？
—It's cold and snowy. 天气很冷，而且在下雪。
—How's the weather in Sydney 悉尼的天气怎么样？
—The sun is shining and it's very hot. 阳光明媚，天气非常热。
二、描述天气的词汇转换 (名词变形容词)
【规则变化】 表示天气的名词，通常可以在词尾加 -y 变成形容词。
1. 直接加 -y: rain—rainy (多雨的); snow—snowy (多雪的); wind—windy (多风的); cloud—cloudy (多云的); storm—stormy (有暴风雨的)。
2. 双写词尾辅音字母再加 -y: sun—sunny (晴朗的); fog—foggy (有雾的)。
【易错点】 注意区分名词、动词和形容词的用法。rain 和 snow 既可作名词又可作动词。可以说 It is raining/snowing (现在进行时)，也可以说 It is rainy/snowy (主系表结构)，但千万不能混淆写成 It is rain/snow 这样缺乏冠词且词性误用的表达。
【例句】 We usually stay in when it snows. 下雪时我们通常待在家里。(snows 为动词一般现在时)
It is a sunny day. 今天是个晴天。(sunny 为形容词修饰 day)
三、现在进行时与一般现在时的对比
【规则变化】
1. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理，常与 usually, often, always, every day 等频度副词连用。结构：主语 + 动词原形/单三形式。
2. 现在进行时表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与 now, right now, at the moment 连用，或有 Look! / Listen! 的提示。结构：主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing。
【注意】 在同一个句子里，可以通过使用不同的时间状语和语境来形成强烈的对比。
【例句】 We usually stay in when it snows, but now we're building a snowman outside.
(下雪时我们通常待在家里，但现在我们正在外面堆雪人。——前半句表习惯，后半句表此刻正在发生)
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —________ the weather like in your hometown in spring
—It’s usually warm and windy.
A. What’s
B. How’s
C. What
D. How
2. Look! The wind ________ hard and the sky is turning dark. Let’s go home quickly.
A. blow
B. blows
C. is blowing
D. blew
3. I usually ________ a bus to work, but today I ________ a taxi because of the heavy rain.
A. take; take
B. take; am taking
C. am taking; take
D. am taking; am taking
4. It’s a ________ day today. Let’s go to the beach and sunbathe.
A. sun
B. sunny
C. rain
D. cloud
5. —Where is your brother
—He ________ beach volleyball right now.
A. plays
B. played
C. is playing
D. has played
6. Don't go outside without an umbrella. It is raining cats and ________.
A. mice
B. horses
C. tigers
D. dogs
7. In my hometown, the sun usually ________ at around 6 a.m. in summer.
A. rise
B. rises
C. is rising
D. rose
8. —Do you have an umbrella It ________ outside.
—Here you go.
A. is raining
B. rains
C. rained
D. rain
9. We have a huge storm today. It’s really ________.
A. warm
B. stormy
C. sunny
D. fine
10. She always ________ a sweater, but it’s quite warm today, so she ________ a T-shirt.
A. is wearing; wears
B. wears; wears
C. wears; is wearing
D. is wearing; is wearing
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
It is Sunday morning. The weather is 11. ________ (sun). Many people are in the park. Look! Some boys 12. ________ (play) football. A girl 13. ________ (fly) a kite. Her parents are 14. ________ (sit) on the grass and watching her. What about Tom He usually 15. ________ (stay) at home and reads books on Sundays, but today he 16. ________ (run) in the park. He says, "I want 17. ________ (keep) fit." Suddenly, the wind blows 18. ________ (hard). The sky turns dark. It starts to 19. ________ (rain). Everyone 20. ________ (run) to find a place to hide.
Passage 2
There is a huge storm today. I am sitting in my room and 21. ________ (look) out of the window. It 22. ________ (rain) very hard. The rain is pouring down. The wind is 23. ________ (blow) hard too. It is difficult for people 24. ________ (use) their umbrellas. A man in the street 25. ________ (look) angry. He is shouting and 26. ________ (run) after his hat! I 27. ________ (real) hope the weather will get 28. ________ (good) soon. We usually 29. ________ (have) sunny days in spring, but this year the weather is quite 30. ________ (difference).
Passage 3
Hello, everyone! Let's look at the weather around the world. In Beijing, it's 31. ________ (snow). Children 32. ________ (build) a snowman outside. They are very 33. ________ (excite). In Sydney, the sun 34. ________ (shine) brightly. It is a 35. ________ (cloud) day in London, and people are walking 36. ________ (quick) to work. In Singapore, it usually 37. ________ (rain) a lot in this season, but today it is dry. What 38. ________ you 39. ________ (do) at the moment Are you 40. ________ (enjoy) your day, come rain or shine 人教版七年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 Rain or Shine)
一、询问与描述天气的句型
【规则变化】 询问天气的常见句型有两种：
1. What's the weather like (in + 某地)
2. How's the weather (in + 某地)
【注意】 描述天气时，通常用 "It is + 表示天气的形容词" 或 "It is + 动词-ing形式"。如：It is sunny (晴朗的) / It is raining (正在下雨)。
【拓展】 当表示雨或雪下得“很大”时，英语中不用 big，而是用 heavy / heavily 或 hard 修饰。例如：It's raining heavily. (雨下得很大。) / It rains cats and dogs. (倾盆大雨。)
【例句】 —What's the weather like today 今天天气怎么样？
—It's cold and snowy. 天气很冷，而且在下雪。
—How's the weather in Sydney 悉尼的天气怎么样？
—The sun is shining and it's very hot. 阳光明媚，天气非常热。
二、描述天气的词汇转换 (名词变形容词)
【规则变化】 表示天气的名词，通常可以在词尾加 -y 变成形容词。
1. 直接加 -y: rain—rainy (多雨的); snow—snowy (多雪的); wind—windy (多风的); cloud—cloudy (多云的); storm—stormy (有暴风雨的)。
2. 双写词尾辅音字母再加 -y: sun—sunny (晴朗的); fog—foggy (有雾的)。
【易错点】 注意区分名词、动词和形容词的用法。rain 和 snow 既可作名词又可作动词。可以说 It is raining/snowing (现在进行时)，也可以说 It is rainy/snowy (主系表结构)，但千万不能混淆写成 It is rain/snow 这样缺乏冠词且词性误用的表达。
【例句】 We usually stay in when it snows. 下雪时我们通常待在家里。(snows 为动词一般现在时)
It is a sunny day. 今天是个晴天。(sunny 为形容词修饰 day)
三、现在进行时与一般现在时的对比
【规则变化】
1. 一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观真理，常与 usually, often, always, every day 等频度副词连用。结构：主语 + 动词原形/单三形式。
2. 现在进行时表示此刻或现阶段正在进行的动作，常与 now, right now, at the moment 连用，或有 Look! / Listen! 的提示。结构：主语 + be (am/is/are) + 动词-ing。
【注意】 在同一个句子里，可以通过使用不同的时间状语和语境来形成强烈的对比。
【例句】 We usually stay in when it snows, but now we're building a snowman outside.
(下雪时我们通常待在家里，但现在我们正在外面堆雪人。——前半句表习惯，后半句表此刻正在发生)
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. —________ the weather like in your hometown in spring
—It’s usually warm and windy.
A. What’s
B. How’s
C. What
D. How
2. Look! The wind ________ hard and the sky is turning dark. Let’s go home quickly.
A. blow
B. blows
C. is blowing
D. blew
3. I usually ________ a bus to work, but today I ________ a taxi because of the heavy rain.
A. take; take
B. take; am taking
C. am taking; take
D. am taking; am taking
4. It’s a ________ day today. Let’s go to the beach and sunbathe.
A. sun
B. sunny
C. rain
D. cloud
5. —Where is your brother
—He ________ beach volleyball right now.
A. plays
B. played
C. is playing
D. has played
6. Don't go outside without an umbrella. It is raining cats and ________.
A. mice
B. horses
C. tigers
D. dogs
7. In my hometown, the sun usually ________ at around 6 a.m. in summer.
A. rise
B. rises
C. is rising
D. rose
8. —Do you have an umbrella It ________ outside.
—Here you go.
A. is raining
B. rains
C. rained
D. rain
9. We have a huge storm today. It’s really ________.
A. warm
B. stormy
C. sunny
D. fine
10. She always ________ a sweater, but it’s quite warm today, so she ________ a T-shirt.
A. is wearing; wears
B. wears; wears
C. wears; is wearing
D. is wearing; is wearing
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
It is Sunday morning. The weather is 11. ________ (sun). Many people are in the park. Look! Some boys 12. ________ (play) football. A girl 13. ________ (fly) a kite. Her parents are 14. ________ (sit) on the grass and watching her. What about Tom He usually 15. ________ (stay) at home and reads books on Sundays, but today he 16. ________ (run) in the park. He says, "I want 17. ________ (keep) fit." Suddenly, the wind blows 18. ________ (hard). The sky turns dark. It starts to 19. ________ (rain). Everyone 20. ________ (run) to find a place to hide.
Passage 2
There is a huge storm today. I am sitting in my room and 21. ________ (look) out of the window. It 22. ________ (rain) very hard. The rain is pouring down. The wind is 23. ________ (blow) hard too. It is difficult for people 24. ________ (use) their umbrellas. A man in the street 25. ________ (look) angry. He is shouting and 26. ________ (run) after his hat! I 27. ________ (real) hope the weather will get 28. ________ (good) soon. We usually 29. ________ (have) sunny days in spring, but this year the weather is quite 30. ________ (difference).
Passage 3
Hello, everyone! Let's look at the weather around the world. In Beijing, it's 31. ________ (snow). Children 32. ________ (build) a snowman outside. They are very 33. ________ (excite). In Sydney, the sun 34. ________ (shine) brightly. It is a 35. ________ (cloud) day in London, and people are walking 36. ________ (quick) to work. In Singapore, it usually 37. ________ (rain) a lot in this season, but today it is dry. What 38. ________ you 39. ________ (do) at the moment Are you 40. ________ (enjoy) your day, come rain or shine
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你们家乡春天的天气怎么样？——通常是温暖多风的。考查询问天气的句型。询问天气有两套固定句型：What's the weather like 和 How's the weather 题干中有 like，故应用 What's。故选A。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：看！风刮得很大，天变黑了。我们快回家吧。考查现在进行时。由句首的提示词 “Look!” 可知，刮风的动作正在进行，应使用现在进行时 is blowing。故选C。
3.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我通常乘公交车上班，但今天因为大雨我正在乘出租车。考查时态对比。usually（通常）提示一般现在时，第一空填 take；today（今天）提示现阶段的临时动作，第二空填现在进行时 am taking。故选B。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：今天是个晴天。我们去海滩晒日光浴吧。考查形容词作定语。day 是名词，其前应用形容词修饰。sun（名词）；sunny（形容词，晴朗的）。故选B。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——你哥哥在哪里？——他现在正在打沙滩排球。考查现在进行时。根据时间状语 right now（现在，立刻）可知，动作正在进行，谓语动词需用现在进行时 (be + doing)。主语 He 为单数，be 动词用 is。故选C。
6.【答案】D
【解析】句意：没有伞不要出去。正在下倾盆大雨。考查固定搭配。rain cats and dogs 是一句经典的英语固定习语，意为“倾盆大雨”。故选D。
7.【答案】B
【解析】句意：在我的家乡，夏天太阳通常在早上6点左右升起。考查一般现在时。usually 表示经常性动作，且“太阳升起”为自然规律，应用一般现在时。主语 the sun 是第三人称单数，故填 rises。故选B。
8.【答案】A
【解析】句意：——你有伞吗？外面正在下雨。——给你。考查现在进行时。根据语境“你有伞吗？给你。”可知，下雨的动作发生在说话的当时，需用现在进行时 is raining。故选A。
9.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们今天遇到了强风暴。天气真是暴风雨般的。考查形容词。系动词 is 后接形容词作表语，根据前句 storm (风暴) 提示，天气为 stormy (有暴风雨的)。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：她总是穿毛衣，但今天挺暖和，所以她正穿着T恤。考查时态对比。always 提示经常性的动作，用一般现在时 wears；后半句描述今天正在发生的行为，用现在进行时 is wearing。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. sunny。作表语描述天气，需用形容词 sunny。
12. are playing。根据 Look! 可知动作正在进行，主语 boys 为复数，用 are playing。
13. is flying。承接上文的正在进行时，主语 A girl 为单数，用 is flying。
14. sitting。are 后接动词-ing，sit 需双写 t 加 -ing。
15. stays。usually 提示一般现在时，主语 He 是单三，用 stays。
16. is running。表示此时此刻不同于平时的动作，用现在进行时，run 双写 n 加 -ing。
17. to keep。want to do sth 想要做某事。
18. hard。修饰动词 blows 用副词，hard 既是形容词也是副词（猛烈地）。
19. rain。start to do sth 开始做某事，to 后接动词原形。
20. is running / runs。Everyone 作主语视作单数，若描述正在奔跑避雨的情景用 is running，若按顺承发生用 runs 也可接受，推荐 is running 呼应语境。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. looking。与 am sitting 并列，共同使用 be 动词 am，加 -ing 形式。
22. is raining。描述眼下正在发生的动作，用现在进行时。
23. blowing。is 后接 -ing 形式构成进行时。
24. to use。It is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth. 为固定句型。
25. looks。A man 为单数，一般现在时表示他看起来的样子，用 looks。
26. running。与 is shouting 并列，共用 is，run 双写 n 加 -ing。
27. really。修饰动词 hope，需用副词 really。
28. better。get better 意为“变好”，用形容词比较级表示将来的改善。
29. have。usually 提示一般现在时，主语 we 是复数，用原形 have。
30. different。系动词 is 后接形容词作表语，difference 的形容词为 different。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. snowing。it's 为 it is 的缩写，后接 v.-ing 形式构成现在进行时，表示正在下雪。
32. are building。描述孩子们眼下的动作，用现在进行时，主语复数。
33. excited。主语是人 (They)，表示“感到兴奋的”用 -ed 结尾的形容词。
34. is shining。描述眼下动作，用现在进行时，shine 去 e 加 -ing。
35. cloudy。修饰名词 day 用形容词，cloudy 多云的。
36. quickly。修饰动词 walking 需用副词 quickly。
37. rains。usually 提示经常性动作，主语 it 为单三，用 rains。
38. are。at the moment 提示现在进行时疑问句，主语 you 搭配 are。
39. doing。与前一空 are 构成进行时。
40. enjoying。Are you ... 提示进行时，enjoy 直接加 -ing。

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