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人教版七年级下册Unit 8单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 8 Once upon a Time)
一、动词过去式的不规则变化 (Irregular Verbs)
【规则变化】 本单元重点讲述故事（Storytelling），涉及大量发生在过去的动作。除了在词尾加 -ed 的规则变化外，还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，必须单独记忆。
常见的有：catch—caught, bite—bit, hide—hid, tell—told, fall—fell, teach—taught, think—thought, hold—held, become—became, run—ran 等。
【注意】 有些不规则动词的过去式和原形拼写与读音完全相同，例如：cost—cost, cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let, put—put。
【易错点】 动词 read 的过去式拼写仍为 read，但发音从 /ri d/ 变成了 /red/，在朗读故事时要特别注意。
【例句】 Once a lion caught a mouse. 从前，一只狮子抓住了一只老鼠。
The mouse bit through the net. 老鼠咬破了网。
二、在故事讲述中时态的运用 (Tenses in Storytelling)
【规则变化】 我们在讲述或复述一个故事时，通常以一般过去时为主，因为故事通常发生在过去。但在某些情况下，如果为了让故事的动作显得更生动、更具有画面感，或者在概括一本书/一部电影的情节时，我们也可以使用一般现在时。
【注意】 在同一个句子中，要注意时间状语与时态的对应。当描述自己小时候的习惯或喜好时，主从句都要用一般过去时。
【易错点】 受中文思维影响，容易在带有明显过去时间（如 when I was a child）的句子里错误地使用一般现在时。
【例句】 When I was a child, my favourite book was Peter Rabbit. 当我是个孩子的时候，我最喜欢的书是《彼得兔》。（不能用 is）
The mouse asks the lion not to kill him. 老鼠请求狮子不要杀他。（用一般现在时使情节更生动）
三、故事中常见的时间标志词与副词
【规则变化】 为了使故事情节连贯、跌宕起伏，我们常使用以下表示时间、顺序和转折的词汇：
1. 开篇：Once upon a time (从前), Long ago (很久以前), One day (有一天).
2. 发展：Then (然后), After that (在那之后), Suddenly (突然地).
3. 结局：Finally (最后), In the end (最后).
【拓展】 "To one's surprise" 意为“令某人惊讶的是”，常用于故事中出现意想不到的转折时。例如：To his surprise, the fish spoke! (令他惊讶的是，那条鱼说话了！)
【例句】 Once upon a time, there was a fisherman who lived in a small house by the sea. 从前，有一个渔夫住在海边的一所小房子里。
Suddenly, a huge storm came. 突然，一场巨大的暴风雨来了。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. ________, there lived a wise emperor in China.
A. Look out
B. Right now
C. Once upon a time
D. Tomorrow
2. Yesterday, the little girl ________ off her bike and ________ her leg.
A. fall; hurt
B. fell; hurt
C. fell; hurted
D. falls; hurts
3. When I ________ a child, my favourite book ________ Peter Rabbit .
A. am; is
B. was; is
C. am; was
D. was; was
4. The mouse ran to the net and ________ through the ropes to save the lion.
A. bit
B. bite
C. bited
D. bitten
5. The police ________ the thief quickly last night and put him in prison.
A. catches
B. catch
C. caught
D. catched
6. He was walking in the forest when ________, a tiger jumped out.
A. slowly
B. suddenly
C. quietly
D. luckily
7. My grandmother usually ________ me stories, but yesterday she ________ me a song.
A. tells; teaches
B. told; taught
C. tells; taught
D. told; teaches
8. To his ________, the golden fish in the net began to speak to him.
A. surprised
B. surprising
C. surprise
D. surprises
9. The rabbit ________ behind the big tree and the wolf didn't see it.
A. hid
B. hides
C. hide
D. hidded
10. I ________ a strange sound outside the window just now. Did you hear it
A. hear
B. heared
C. hears
D. heard
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Once upon a time, a lion 11. ________ (catch) a little mouse. The mouse was very afraid. He 12. ________ (ask) the lion to let him go. He 13. ________ (promise) to help the lion some day. The lion laughed because the mouse was so small, but he let him go anyway. A few days later, the lion was caught in a hunter's net. He 14. ________ (shout) loudly but could not get out. 15. ________ (sudden), the mouse heard him. He ran to the net and 16. ________ (bite) through the ropes with his sharp teeth. The lion was 17. ________ (final) free. He thanked the mouse for his help. They 18. ________ (become) good 19. ________ (friend). This story tells us that even the smallest friend can 20. ________ (be) of great help.
Passage 2
Long ago, there 21. ________ (be) a fisherman. He 22. ________ (live) in a small house by the sea with his wife. One day, something very special happened. He 23. ________ (go) fishing as usual. To his 24. ________ (surprise), he caught a golden fish in his net. The fish 25. ________ (speak) to him, "Please let me go. I can give you whatever you want." The fisherman was a kind man, so he 26. ________ (put) the fish back into the sea without asking for 27. ________ (something). When he 28. ________ (tell) his wife about the magic fish, she was very 29. ________ (anger). She 30. ________ (order) him to go back and ask for a new house.
Passage 3
When I 31. ________ (be) a child, I loved reading fairy tales. My favorite story 32. ________ (be) The Ugly Duckling . It 33. ________ (tell) a story of a poor little bird. At first, the other animals 34. ________ (laugh) at him because he was ugly. He felt very 35. ________ (sadness) and ran away. Winter came, and he almost 36. ________ (die) in the cold snow. However, when spring came, he looked at his reflection (倒影) in the water and 37. ________ (find) that he 38. ________ (grow) into a beautiful white swan! I 39. ________ (read) this book many times when I was young. This story teaches us a good lesson. We should never 40. ________ (give) up hope even in difficult times.人教版七年级下册Unit 8单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 8 Once upon a Time)
一、动词过去式的不规则变化 (Irregular Verbs)
【规则变化】 本单元重点讲述故事（Storytelling），涉及大量发生在过去的动作。除了在词尾加 -ed 的规则变化外，还有很多动词的过去式是不规则的，必须单独记忆。
常见的有：catch—caught, bite—bit, hide—hid, tell—told, fall—fell, teach—taught, think—thought, hold—held, become—became, run—ran 等。
【注意】 有些不规则动词的过去式和原形拼写与读音完全相同，例如：cost—cost, cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let, put—put。
【易错点】 动词 read 的过去式拼写仍为 read，但发音从 /ri d/ 变成了 /red/，在朗读故事时要特别注意。
【例句】 Once a lion caught a mouse. 从前，一只狮子抓住了一只老鼠。
The mouse bit through the net. 老鼠咬破了网。
二、在故事讲述中时态的运用 (Tenses in Storytelling)
【规则变化】 我们在讲述或复述一个故事时，通常以一般过去时为主，因为故事通常发生在过去。但在某些情况下，如果为了让故事的动作显得更生动、更具有画面感，或者在概括一本书/一部电影的情节时，我们也可以使用一般现在时。
【注意】 在同一个句子中，要注意时间状语与时态的对应。当描述自己小时候的习惯或喜好时，主从句都要用一般过去时。
【易错点】 受中文思维影响，容易在带有明显过去时间（如 when I was a child）的句子里错误地使用一般现在时。
【例句】 When I was a child, my favourite book was Peter Rabbit. 当我是个孩子的时候，我最喜欢的书是《彼得兔》。（不能用 is）
The mouse asks the lion not to kill him. 老鼠请求狮子不要杀他。（用一般现在时使情节更生动）
三、故事中常见的时间标志词与副词
【规则变化】 为了使故事情节连贯、跌宕起伏，我们常使用以下表示时间、顺序和转折的词汇：
1. 开篇：Once upon a time (从前), Long ago (很久以前), One day (有一天).
2. 发展：Then (然后), After that (在那之后), Suddenly (突然地).
3. 结局：Finally (最后), In the end (最后).
【拓展】 "To one's surprise" 意为“令某人惊讶的是”，常用于故事中出现意想不到的转折时。例如：To his surprise, the fish spoke! (令他惊讶的是，那条鱼说话了！)
【例句】 Once upon a time, there was a fisherman who lived in a small house by the sea. 从前，有一个渔夫住在海边的一所小房子里。
Suddenly, a huge storm came. 突然，一场巨大的暴风雨来了。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. ________, there lived a wise emperor in China.
A. Look out
B. Right now
C. Once upon a time
D. Tomorrow
2. Yesterday, the little girl ________ off her bike and ________ her leg.
A. fall; hurt
B. fell; hurt
C. fell; hurted
D. falls; hurts
3. When I ________ a child, my favourite book ________ Peter Rabbit .
A. am; is
B. was; is
C. am; was
D. was; was
4. The mouse ran to the net and ________ through the ropes to save the lion.
A. bit
B. bite
C. bited
D. bitten
5. The police ________ the thief quickly last night and put him in prison.
A. catches
B. catch
C. caught
D. catched
6. He was walking in the forest when ________, a tiger jumped out.
A. slowly
B. suddenly
C. quietly
D. luckily
7. My grandmother usually ________ me stories, but yesterday she ________ me a song.
A. tells; teaches
B. told; taught
C. tells; taught
D. told; teaches
8. To his ________, the golden fish in the net began to speak to him.
A. surprised
B. surprising
C. surprise
D. surprises
9. The rabbit ________ behind the big tree and the wolf didn't see it.
A. hid
B. hides
C. hide
D. hidded
10. I ________ a strange sound outside the window just now. Did you hear it
A. hear
B. heared
C. hears
D. heard
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Once upon a time, a lion 11. ________ (catch) a little mouse. The mouse was very afraid. He 12. ________ (ask) the lion to let him go. He 13. ________ (promise) to help the lion some day. The lion laughed because the mouse was so small, but he let him go anyway. A few days later, the lion was caught in a hunter's net. He 14. ________ (shout) loudly but could not get out. 15. ________ (sudden), the mouse heard him. He ran to the net and 16. ________ (bite) through the ropes with his sharp teeth. The lion was 17. ________ (final) free. He thanked the mouse for his help. They 18. ________ (become) good 19. ________ (friend). This story tells us that even the smallest friend can 20. ________ (be) of great help.
Passage 2
Long ago, there 21. ________ (be) a fisherman. He 22. ________ (live) in a small house by the sea with his wife. One day, something very special happened. He 23. ________ (go) fishing as usual. To his 24. ________ (surprise), he caught a golden fish in his net. The fish 25. ________ (speak) to him, "Please let me go. I can give you whatever you want." The fisherman was a kind man, so he 26. ________ (put) the fish back into the sea without asking for 27. ________ (something). When he 28. ________ (tell) his wife about the magic fish, she was very 29. ________ (anger). She 30. ________ (order) him to go back and ask for a new house.
Passage 3
When I 31. ________ (be) a child, I loved reading fairy tales. My favorite story 32. ________ (be) The Ugly Duckling . It 33. ________ (tell) a story of a poor little bird. At first, the other animals 34. ________ (laugh) at him because he was ugly. He felt very 35. ________ (sadness) and ran away. Winter came, and he almost 36. ________ (die) in the cold snow. However, when spring came, he looked at his reflection (倒影) in the water and 37. ________ (find) that he 38. ________ (grow) into a beautiful white swan! I 39. ________ (read) this book many times when I was young. This story teaches us a good lesson. We should never 40. ________ (give) up hope even in difficult times.
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】C
【解析】句意：从前，中国住着一位明智的皇帝。考查讲故事常见的时间标志词。Look out 当心；Right now 现在；Once upon a time 很久以前，从前；Tomorrow 明天。讲故事开篇通常用 Once upon a time。故选C。
2.【答案】B
【解析】句意：昨天，小女孩从自行车上摔下来，伤了腿。考查动词的不规则过去式。由 Yesterday 可知用一般过去时。fall 的过去式是 fell；hurt 的过去式与原形同形，仍为 hurt。故选B。
3.【答案】D
【解析】句意：当我还是个孩子的时候，我最喜欢的书是《彼得兔》。考查一般过去时。句中有明确的过去时间状语“When I was a child (当我还是个孩子的时候)”，所以主句也必须用一般过去时描述过去的喜好。故选D。
4.【答案】A
【解析】句意：老鼠跑到网前，咬断了绳子救了狮子。考查动词过去式。and 连接并列谓语，ran 为过去式，bite 的过去式是不规则变化 bit。故选A。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：警察昨晚迅速抓住了小偷并把他关进了监狱。考查不规则动词过去式。last night 提示一般过去时。catch 的过去式是不规则的 caught。故选C。
6.【答案】B
【解析】句意：他正走在森林里，突然跳出来一只老虎。考查副词辨析及讲故事的情节推进。slowly 缓慢地；suddenly 突然地；quietly 安静地；luckily 幸运地。故事中情节转折常用 suddenly。故选B。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意：我奶奶通常给我讲故事，但昨天她教了我一首歌。考查时态对比。前半句 usually 提示一般现在时，主语 My grandmother 为单三，用 tells；后半句 yesterday 提示一般过去时，teach 的过去式为 taught。故选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：令他惊讶的是，网里的金鱼开始对他说话了。考查固定搭配。To one's surprise 为固定搭配，意为“令某人惊讶的是”，常用于故事中，名词用 surprise。故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：兔子躲在大树后面，狼没有看到它。考查不规则动词的过去式。根据后半句 didn't see it 可知时态为一般过去时。hide 的过去式为 hid。故选A。
10.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我刚才听到窗外有奇怪的声音。你听到了吗？考查不规则动词过去式。just now (刚才) 提示一般过去时。hear 的过去式为 heard，直接加 d，不是规则的加 ed。故选D。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. caught。讲述过去的故事，catch 的过去式是不规则变化 caught。
12. asked。一般过去时，ask 是规则动词，加 -ed。
13. promised。一般过去时，promise 是以 e 结尾的规则动词，加 -d。
14. shouted。一般过去时，shout 为规则动词，加 -ed。
15. Suddenly。修饰整个句子作状语，用副词 Suddenly，句首字母大写。
16. bit。与前面的 ran 并列，构成过去时，bite 的过去式是 bit。
17. finally。修饰形容词 free，用副词 finally。
18. became。become 的过去式是不规则变化 became。
19. friends。前面有复数代词 They，friend 需变为复数 friends。
20. be。情态动词 can 后面接动词原形 be。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. was。故事背景介绍，there be 句型的过去时，主语 a fisherman 是单数，故用 was。
22. lived。一般过去时，规则动词加 -d。
23. went。go 的过去式是不规则变化 went。
24. surprise。to one's surprise (令某人惊讶的是)，固定搭配用名词 surprise。
25. spoke。speak 的过去式是不规则变化 spoke。
26. put。put 的过去式与原形同形，仍为 put。
27. anything。without 为否定意味的介词，其后接不定代词 anything 表示“任何东西”。
28. told。tell 的过去式是不规则变化 told。
29. angry。was 后面接形容词作表语，anger 的形容词形式是 angry。
30. ordered。一般过去时，order 为规则动词，加 -ed。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. was。主语是 I，一般过去时用 was。
32. was。讲述过去的喜好，主语 My favorite story 是单数，用 was。
33. told。tell 的过去式是不规则变化 told。
34. laughed。复述故事内容，使用一般过去时，laugh 为规则动词加 -ed。
35. sad。感官动词 felt 后接形容词作表语，sadness 的形容词为 sad。
36. died。die 为规则动词，以 e 结尾直接加 -d。
37. found。与 looked 并列，find 的过去式是不规则变化 found。
38. grew。grow 的过去式是不规则变化 grew。
39. read。一般过去时，read 的过去式拼写不变，仍为 read (读作 /red/)。
40. give。情态动词 should 后接动词原形，give up 意为“放弃”。

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