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冀教版七年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 Being creative)
一、反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns) 的构成
【规则变化】 反身代词表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”等。其构成规律如下：
1. 第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self / selves”构成。单数加 -self，复数加 -selves。
如：my → myself (我自己)；your → yourself (你自己) / yourselves (你们自己)；our → ourselves (我们自己)。
2. 第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格 + self / selves”构成。
如：him → himself (他自己)；her → herself (她自己)；it → itself (它自己)；them → themselves (他们自己)。
【易错点】 请注意“你们自己”是 yourselves，而“他们自己”是 themselves，拼写时不要和物主代词混淆（没有 theirselves 这种拼法）。
二、反身代词的句法功能
【规则变化】
1. 作宾语：放在动词或介词之后，表示动作的承受者和发起者是同一个人（即主语和宾语指代同一人）。
2. 作同位语：用来加强名词或代词的语气，强调“亲自、本人”，通常放在主语之后或句末。
【注意】 反身代词不能单独作主语。例如不能说 Myself went to the park.，而必须说 I myself went to the park. 或者 I went to the park myself.。
【例句】 I painted it myself. 我自己画的它。(作同位语，强调“我自己亲自画的”)
Did you make the costumes by yourself 你是自己做这些服装的吗？(作介词宾语)
He asked himself, "Why did it hurt me " 他问自己：“为什么它会伤到我？”(作动词宾语)
三、反身代词的常见固定搭配
【规则变化】
本单元及日常交际中，常常会出现与反身代词连用的固定搭配：
1. by oneself：独立地，独自地 (相当于 alone)
2. enjoy oneself：玩得开心，过得愉快 (相当于 have a good time / have fun)
3. help oneself to...：随便吃/喝点…… (招待客人时的用语)
4. teach oneself：自学 (相当于 learn... by oneself)
5. say to oneself：自言自语
6. hurt oneself：伤到自己
【例句】 We were happy to be able to make kites by ourselves. 我们很高兴能够自己做风筝。
Did you enjoy yourselves at the party, children 孩子们，你们在聚会上玩得开心吗？
Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. I made the monkey out of clay. I painted it ________.
A. me
B. my
C. mine
D. myself
2. — Did you make the costumes by ________, Li Lin
— Yes, I did.
A. you
B. your
C. yourself
D. yourselves
3. We were happy to be able to make Chinese kites ________.
A. ourself
B. ourselves
C. us
D. ours
4. The boy is too young to look after ________.
A. him
B. his
C. himself
D. he
5. Come in, kids! Please help ________ to some strawberries.
A. yourself
B. yourselves
C. you
D. them
6. My grandma often makes red paper-cuts. She enjoys ________ in paper cutting.
A. herself
B. himself
C. itself
D. themselves
7. The little cat can find food by ________.
A. it
B. its
C. it's
D. itself
8. My parents bought a computer and taught ________ how to use it.
A. their
B. them
C. theirs
D. themselves
9. My grandpa lives by ________, but he doesn't feel lonely at all.
A. him
B. himself
C. his
D. he
10. Nobody taught me how to make a poster. I learned it all by ________.
A. my
B. mine
C. myself
D. me
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Yesterday we had a shop class. We learned how to make a birdhouse. Our teacher, Mr. Green, didn't make it for us. We made it by 11. ________ (we). I designed it 12. ________ (me). First, I got some wood. Then I cut 13. ________ (it) carefully. It was not easy, but I didn't give up. I taught 14. ________ (me) to use the tools safely. Finally, I painted the birdhouse 15. ________ (beautiful). My friends also enjoyed 16. ________ (them) very much. We think DIY is an 17. ________ (interest) activity. It can help us 18. ________ (turn) our ideas into reality. Next time, I plan 19. ________ (make) a paper kite. I hope I can do it well by 20. ________ (I).
Passage 2
Paper cutting is a traditional art form in China. My grandmother is good at it. She often makes red paper-cuts by 21. ________ (her). Last week, I asked her 22. ________ (teach) me. She said, "You must learn to do it by 23. ________ (you), my dear." So I took a pair of scissors and some red paper. I tried to cut out a monkey. At first, I hurt 24. ________ (me) accidentally. Grandma said, "Be careful! Protect 25. ________ (you)." I nodded. After two hours, the paper monkey came to 26. ________ (live). Grandma was happy and smiled to 27. ________ (her). "You did a good job!" she said. We enjoyed 28. ________ (we) that afternoon. Now I can make some simple paper-cuts 29. ________ (my). It's really fun to make things with my 30. ________ (own) hands.
Passage 3
Lu Ban was a legendary master carpenter in ancient China. He was a creative man and liked inventing new tools. One day, he went up a mountain to cut wood. He climbed the mountain by 31. ________ (he). Suddenly, he cut his finger on a leaf. He looked at the leaf and asked 32. ________ (he), "Why did it hurt me " He saw that the leaf had teeth on its edges. He realised that a toothed edge could make cutting 33. ________ (easy). He kept the leaf and took it back with 34. ________ (he). Then he invented the first saw in history. Lu Ban didn't stop there. He and his workers built many things 35. ________ (them). Today, people still remember him. We can learn a lot from him. When we face difficulties, we should help 36. ________ (we) to find a way out. We can't always depend on others. We must believe in 37. ________ (we). If we study hard and try 38. ________ (we) best, we will find that we can solve the problems by 39. ________ (we). Let's learn to be independent and be responsible for 40. ________ (we).
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我用黏土做了一只猴子。我自己给它涂了颜色。考查反身代词作同位语。主语是 I，为了强调“亲自，自己”做某事，应使用第一人称单数的反身代词 myself。故选D。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：——李林，这些服装是你自己做的吗？——是的，是我做的。考查反身代词固定搭配。by oneself 意为“独自，靠自己”。与对方（一个人）说话，you 对应的反身代词单数是 yourself。故选C。
3.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我们很高兴能自己做中国风筝。考查反身代词的构成。主语是 We（我们），对应的反身代词是 ourselves。注意拼写，复数以 -selves 结尾。故选B。
4.【答案】C
【解析】句意：这个男孩太小了，还不能照顾自己。考查反身代词作宾语。主语 The boy 是男性单数，look after 之后接反身代词表示“照顾自己”，用 himself。故选C。
5.【答案】B
【解析】句意：进来吧，孩子们！请随便吃点草莓。考查反身代词固定搭配。help oneself to... 意为“随便吃/喝点……”。称呼语是 kids（孩子们，复数），因此对应的反身代词必须用复数 yourselves。故选B。
6.【答案】A
【解析】句意：我奶奶经常剪红色的剪纸。她在剪纸中找到了乐趣。考查反身代词固定搭配。enjoy oneself 意为“玩得开心，过得愉快”。主语 She 对应的反身代词是 herself。故选A。
7.【答案】D
【解析】句意：这只小猫能自己找到食物。考查反身代词。主语 The little cat (动物单数)，用 it 指代，by oneself 结构中对应的反身代词是 itself。故选D。
8.【答案】D
【解析】句意：我父母买了一台电脑并自学了如何使用它。考查反身代词固定搭配。teach oneself 意为“自学”。主语 My parents 是复数，对应的反身代词是 themselves。故选D。
9.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我爷爷独自生活，但他一点也不觉得孤独。考查反身代词。live by oneself 意为“独自居住”。主语 My grandpa（男性单数），对应的反身代词是 himself。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：没人教我怎么做海报。这都是我自己学的。考查反身代词搭配。learn... by oneself 意为“自学……”。主语是 I，因此填 myself。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. ourselves。by oneself 结构，主语为 We，填 ourselves。
12. myself。作同位语，强调“我自己设计的”，主语是 I，填 myself。
13. it。作 cut 的宾语，指代前面的不可数名词 wood 或制作的事物，用人称代词宾格 it。
14. myself。teach oneself 表示自学，主语是 I，填 myself。
15. beautifully。修饰动词 painted 需用副词 beautifully (漂亮地)。
16. themselves。enjoy oneself 玩得开心，主语 My friends 是复数，填 themselves。
17. interesting。修饰事物 activity 用 -ing 结尾的形容词 interesting (有趣的)。
18. turn。help sb. (to) do sth. 是固定用法，此处填动词原形 turn。
19. to make。plan to do sth. 计划做某事，用不定式。
20. myself。by oneself 表示靠自己，主语是 I，填 myself。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. herself。by oneself 表示独自/自己做，主语是 She，填 herself。
22. to teach。ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事，填不定式 to teach。
23. yourself。引语中主语是 You (你)，by oneself 对应为 yourself。
24. myself。hurt oneself 伤到自己，主语是 I，填 myself。
25. yourself。祈使句的省略主语是 you，保护自己填 yourself。
26. life。come to life 是固定短语，意为“变得栩栩如生，活跃起来”。
27. herself。smile to oneself 冲自己微笑，主语是 Grandma (She)，填 herself。
28. ourselves。enjoy oneself 玩得开心，主语是 We，填 ourselves。
29. myself。作状语或同位语表示“我自己”，主语是 I，填 myself。
30. own。with one's own hands 亲手，固定搭配，填 own。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. himself。by oneself 结构，主语是 He，填 himself。
32. himself。ask oneself 问自己，主语 He 对应 himself。
33. easier。make + 宾语 + 宾补，这里指让切割变得“更容易”，用比较级 easier。
34. him。take sth. with sb. 随身携带某物，作介词宾语，不涉及动作反身，用代词宾格 him。（非 himself）
35. themselves。作同位语强调“他们自己”建造，主语是 He and his workers (他们)，填 themselves。
36. ourselves。help oneself 帮助自己，主语是 we，填 ourselves。
37. ourselves。believe in oneself 相信自己，主语是 we，填 ourselves。
38. our。try one's best 尽某人最大努力，主语 we 对应的形容词性物主代词为 our。
39. ourselves。by oneself 结构，靠我们自己解决问题，填 ourselves。
40. ourselves。be responsible for oneself 对自己负责，主语是祈使句的 us (we)，填 ourselves。冀教版七年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 Being creative)
一、反身代词 (Reflexive Pronouns) 的构成
【规则变化】 反身代词表示“我自己”、“你自己”、“他自己”、“我们自己”等。其构成规律如下：
1. 第一、二人称的反身代词由“形容词性物主代词 + self / selves”构成。单数加 -self，复数加 -selves。
如：my → myself (我自己)；your → yourself (你自己) / yourselves (你们自己)；our → ourselves (我们自己)。
2. 第三人称的反身代词由“人称代词宾格 + self / selves”构成。
如：him → himself (他自己)；her → herself (她自己)；it → itself (它自己)；them → themselves (他们自己)。
【易错点】 请注意“你们自己”是 yourselves，而“他们自己”是 themselves，拼写时不要和物主代词混淆（没有 theirselves 这种拼法）。
二、反身代词的句法功能
【规则变化】
1. 作宾语：放在动词或介词之后，表示动作的承受者和发起者是同一个人（即主语和宾语指代同一人）。
2. 作同位语：用来加强名词或代词的语气，强调“亲自、本人”，通常放在主语之后或句末。
【注意】 反身代词不能单独作主语。例如不能说 Myself went to the park.，而必须说 I myself went to the park. 或者 I went to the park myself.。
【例句】 I painted it myself. 我自己画的它。(作同位语，强调“我自己亲自画的”)
Did you make the costumes by yourself 你是自己做这些服装的吗？(作介词宾语)
He asked himself, "Why did it hurt me " 他问自己：“为什么它会伤到我？”(作动词宾语)
三、反身代词的常见固定搭配
【规则变化】
本单元及日常交际中，常常会出现与反身代词连用的固定搭配：
1. by oneself：独立地，独自地 (相当于 alone)
2. enjoy oneself：玩得开心，过得愉快 (相当于 have a good time / have fun)
3. help oneself to...：随便吃/喝点…… (招待客人时的用语)
4. teach oneself：自学 (相当于 learn... by oneself)
5. say to oneself：自言自语
6. hurt oneself：伤到自己
【例句】 We were happy to be able to make kites by ourselves. 我们很高兴能够自己做风筝。
Did you enjoy yourselves at the party, children 孩子们，你们在聚会上玩得开心吗？
Please help yourself to some fish. 请随便吃点鱼。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. I made the monkey out of clay. I painted it ________.
A. me
B. my
C. mine
D. myself
2. — Did you make the costumes by ________, Li Lin
— Yes, I did.
A. you
B. your
C. yourself
D. yourselves
3. We were happy to be able to make Chinese kites ________.
A. ourself
B. ourselves
C. us
D. ours
4. The boy is too young to look after ________.
A. him
B. his
C. himself
D. he
5. Come in, kids! Please help ________ to some strawberries.
A. yourself
B. yourselves
C. you
D. them
6. My grandma often makes red paper-cuts. She enjoys ________ in paper cutting.
A. herself
B. himself
C. itself
D. themselves
7. The little cat can find food by ________.
A. it
B. its
C. it's
D. itself
8. My parents bought a computer and taught ________ how to use it.
A. their
B. them
C. theirs
D. themselves
9. My grandpa lives by ________, but he doesn't feel lonely at all.
A. him
B. himself
C. his
D. he
10. Nobody taught me how to make a poster. I learned it all by ________.
A. my
B. mine
C. myself
D. me
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Yesterday we had a shop class. We learned how to make a birdhouse. Our teacher, Mr. Green, didn't make it for us. We made it by 11. ________ (we). I designed it 12. ________ (me). First, I got some wood. Then I cut 13. ________ (it) carefully. It was not easy, but I didn't give up. I taught 14. ________ (me) to use the tools safely. Finally, I painted the birdhouse 15. ________ (beautiful). My friends also enjoyed 16. ________ (them) very much. We think DIY is an 17. ________ (interest) activity. It can help us 18. ________ (turn) our ideas into reality. Next time, I plan 19. ________ (make) a paper kite. I hope I can do it well by 20. ________ (I).
Passage 2
Paper cutting is a traditional art form in China. My grandmother is good at it. She often makes red paper-cuts by 21. ________ (her). Last week, I asked her 22. ________ (teach) me. She said, "You must learn to do it by 23. ________ (you), my dear." So I took a pair of scissors and some red paper. I tried to cut out a monkey. At first, I hurt 24. ________ (me) accidentally. Grandma said, "Be careful! Protect 25. ________ (you)." I nodded. After two hours, the paper monkey came to 26. ________ (live). Grandma was happy and smiled to 27. ________ (her). "You did a good job!" she said. We enjoyed 28. ________ (we) that afternoon. Now I can make some simple paper-cuts 29. ________ (my). It's really fun to make things with my 30. ________ (own) hands.
Passage 3
Lu Ban was a legendary master carpenter in ancient China. He was a creative man and liked inventing new tools. One day, he went up a mountain to cut wood. He climbed the mountain by 31. ________ (he). Suddenly, he cut his finger on a leaf. He looked at the leaf and asked 32. ________ (he), "Why did it hurt me " He saw that the leaf had teeth on its edges. He realised that a toothed edge could make cutting 33. ________ (easy). He kept the leaf and took it back with 34. ________ (he). Then he invented the first saw in history. Lu Ban didn't stop there. He and his workers built many things 35. ________ (them). Today, people still remember him. We can learn a lot from him. When we face difficulties, we should help 36. ________ (we) to find a way out. We can't always depend on others. We must believe in 37. ________ (we). If we study hard and try 38. ________ (we) best, we will find that we can solve the problems by 39. ________ (we). Let's learn to be independent and be responsible for 40. ________ (we).

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