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冀教版七年级下册Unit 8单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 8 I love nature!)
一、简单句的基本句型 (Simple Sentences)
【规则变化】 简单句是指只包含一个主谓结构的句子。在英语中，根据动词的性质不同，简单句可以分为五种基本句型。本单元重点学习其中的三种最常见的句型：SV、SP 和 SVO。
【句型一】 SV (主谓结构：Subject + Verb)
这种句型中的动词通常是不及物动词 (Intransitive Verb)，即后面不需要接宾语就能表达完整的意思。后面常跟着表示时间、地点或方式的状语。
【例句】 They ate in the fields. (他们在田野里吃东西。They 是主语，ate 是谓语，in the fields 是地点状语。)
【句型二】 SP (主系表结构：Subject + Predicative / Subject + Linking Verb + Predicative)
这种句型中的动词是系动词 (Linking Verb)，如 be, look, get, become, seem 等。系动词后面必须接表语 (Predicative)，用来解释或说明主语的身份、特征或状态。
【例句】 Asian elephants are endangered. (亚洲象濒临灭绝。Asian elephants 是主语，are 是系动词，endangered 是形容词作表语。)
【句型三】 SVO (主谓宾结构：Subject + Verb + Object)
这种句型中的动词是及物动词 (Transitive Verb)，即动作必须有一个承受者，后面必须接宾语 (Object)。
【例句】 Chinese police officers protected them all along the way. (中国警察一路上保护着它们。Chinese police officers 是主语，protected 是及物动词谓语，them 是宾语。)
二、本单元核心短语与词汇用法 (Key Phrases & Words)
【重点短语】本单元围绕“热爱大自然与保护动植物”的主题，需要掌握以下核心短语：
1. be home to...：是……的故乡/栖息地。
2. be made from...：由……制成（通常指看不出原材料的化学变化）。
3. play a part in...：在……中发挥作用/扮演角色（in 是介词，后接名词或动名词 -ing）。
4. because of...：因为，由于（后接名词或名词短语，不能接完整的句子）。
5. at risk：处于危险之中。
6. die out：灭绝。
7. in the wild：在野外。
【易错点】 区分 because 和 because of：
Because 是连词，后接一个完整的句子（有主语和谓语）。
Because of 是介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词或动名词（V-ing）。
【例句】The animals are endangered because of habitat loss. (habitat loss 是名词短语)
The animals are endangered because they lost their habitats. (they lost... 是完整的句子)
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SV" (主谓)
A. The monkey is very cute.
B. They sleep in the trees.
C. We should protect wild animals.
D. China works hard.
2. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SP" (主系表)
A. Asian elephants are endangered.
B. They ate in the fields.
C. People cut down forests.
D. Chinese police officers protected them.
3. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SVO" (主谓宾)
A. The wind is blowing.
B. The pandas are lovely.
C. Plants clean the air.
D. The birds sing happily.
4. Yunnan Province is home ________ Asian elephants.
A. for
B. in
C. of
D. to
5. Paper is usually made ________ wood from trees.
A. in
B. of
C. from
D. by
6. Plants play a very important part ________ keeping the air clean.
A. on
B. with
C. in
D. to
7. Many wild animals will die ________ if we do not protect their habitats.
A. away
B. out
C. off
D. down
8. The giant pandas are ________ risk because of habitat loss and hunting.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. to
9. Elephants lost their homes ________ human engineering developments.
A. because
B. because of
C. instead of
D. thanks for
10. It's time for us ________ action to protect the environment.
A. take
B. taking
C. to take
D. took
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Nature is beautiful. Plants 11. ________ (be) very important to us. First, they can clean the air. They give us oxygen to breathe. Second, they provide us 12. ________ food. For example, we eat fruits and vegetables every day. Also, many things are made 13. ________ plants. Wood from trees is 14. ________ (use) to build houses and make paper. Animals need plants, too. Forests are home 15. ________ many wild animals. They play an important part 16. ________ keeping the balance of nature. However, people are cutting 17. ________ too many trees. Many animals lose their habitats 18. ________ of it. If we don't protect them, the earth will 19. ________ (become) a desert. Let's take action 20. ________ (plant) more trees right now.
Passage 2
Asian elephants are 21. ________ (endanger) animals. Do you know why Human engineering developments 22. ________ (make) their lives difficult in the past. People cut down forests, so the elephants lost their habitats. Sometimes they didn't have enough food 23. ________ (eat). But now, China works hard 24. ________ (protect) them. It provides first-class protection to elephants as well as giant 25. ________ (panda). Yunnan Province is home to these animals. There are many protection centres. Chinese police officers protected them all 26. ________ the way when they moved. Because of the hard work, they are 27. ________ (safety) now. We hope that more and more animals can live happily 28. ________ the wild. We must remember that we share the same earth. We should try our 29. ________ (good) to help them. Let's make the world a 30. ________ (good) place for all lives.
Passage 3
Welcome to the Qilian Mountain National Park! It is located in the northwest of China. In the park, people 31. ________ (discover) over 70 kinds of wildlife. The park is 32. ________ the list of the country's key protection projects. You can see snow 33. ________ (leopard), wild donkeys and blue sheep there. The environment is so good that animals can have fun 34. ________ (live) in the wild. The park helps to keep the animals away 35. ________ danger. If they are 36. ________ risk, we will be in danger, too. The animals will not die 37. ________ easily with our help. As we know, wildlife 38. ________ (be) our friends. We should do everything we 39. ________ (can) to protect nature. We hope the world will get more and more 40. ________ (beautiful).
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】考查简单句的基本句型。A项为SP(主系表)；B项They (主语) + sleep (谓语，不及物动词) + in the trees (地点状语)，符合SV结构；C项为SVO(主谓宾)；D项为SV(主谓，但works hard是主谓+副词修饰，B选项是不及物动词加介词短语的典型例句，课本原句为 They ate in the fields. sleep 也是不及物动词)。故选B更贴切。
2.【答案】A
【解析】考查简单句的基本句型。SP结构即主系表结构。A项 Asian elephants (主语) + are (系动词) + endangered (表语)，符合SP结构。B项为SV，C项和D项为SVO结构。故选A。
3.【答案】C
【解析】考查简单句的基本句型。SVO结构即主谓宾结构。C项 Plants (主语) + clean (谓语，及物动词) + the air (宾语)，符合SVO结构。A和D是SV，B是SP。故选C。
4.【答案】D
【解析】考查固定搭配。be home to... 意为“是……的故乡/栖息地”，是本单元的重要短语。故选D。
5.【答案】C
【解析】考查固定搭配。be made from 意为“由……制成”（一般指看不出原材料或发生了化学变化）。纸是由木头制成的，发生了化学变化。故选C。
6.【答案】C
【解析】考查介词。play an important part in... 意为“在……中发挥重要作用/扮演重要角色”，in为介词，后接名词或动名词(keeping)。故选C。
7.【答案】B
【解析】考查动词短语辨析。die out 意为“灭绝；消失”，符合句意“如果我们不保护它们的栖息地，许多野生动物将会灭绝。”故选B。
8.【答案】A
【解析】考查固定搭配。at risk 意为“处于危险之中”，为固定介词短语搭配。故选A。
9.【答案】B
【解析】考查连词与介词短语。human engineering developments (人类工程的发展) 是名词短语，后面不能直接跟从句引导词because，必须用介词短语 because of。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】考查固定句型。It's time for sb. to do sth. 意为“是某人做某事的时候了”，动词不定式 to take 作真正的主语。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. are。陈述客观事实，主语 Plants 为复数，be动词用 are。
12. with。provide sb. with sth. 为固定搭配，意为“给某人提供某物”。
13. from。be made from 意为“由……制成”，此处填 from。
14. used。be used to do sth. 意为“被用来做某事”，是被动语态，填过去分词 used。
15. to。be home to 意为“是……的故乡/栖息地”，填介词 to。
16. in。play an important part in 意为“在……中发挥重要作用”，填 in。
17. down。cut down 意为“砍伐”，固定动词短语。
18. because。because of it 意为“因为此（砍伐树木）”，填 because。
19. become。will 助动词之后接动词原形 become。
20. to plant。take action to do sth. 意为“采取行动做某事”，填不定式 to plant。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. endangered。修饰名词 animals，用形容词 endangered (濒危的)。
22. made。in the past 提示一般过去时，make 的过去式为 made。
23. to eat。enough food to eat 意为“足够的食物去吃”，用动词不定式作后置定语。
24. to protect。work hard to do sth. 意为“努力工作去做某事”，表目的。
25. pandas。giant pandas 意为“大熊猫”，此处指物种群，用复数形式。
26. along。all along the way 意为“一路上；自始至终”，本单元短语，填 along。
27. safe。系动词 are 之后接形容词作表语，safety 的形容词为 safe。
28. in。in the wild 意为“在野外”，固定介词搭配。
29. best。try one's best 意为“尽某人最大努力”，填最高级 best。
30. better。make the world a better place 意为“让世界成为一个更美好的地方”，通常用比较级 better 表达变得更好。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. discovered。根据上下文陈述发生过的发现，可用一般过去时 discovered 或现在完成时 have discovered，课文原句使用了过去时，故填 discovered 更佳。
32. on。on the list of... 意为“在……的名单上”，填介词 on。
33. leopards。snow leopards 雪豹，结合后面的 donkeys 等可知用复数形式 leopards。
34. living。have fun doing sth. 意为“做某事有乐趣”，用动名词 living。
35. from。keep... away from... 意为“使……远离……”，填 from。
36. at。at risk 意为“处于危险之中”，固定介词搭配。
37. out。die out 意为“灭绝”，填副词 out。
38. is。wildlife (野生动植物) 常用作不可数名词，谓语动词用单数 is。
39. can。we can 是定语从句修饰 everything，情态动词直接填原形 can。
40. beautiful。get 连系动词后接形容词作表语，more and more beautiful 意为“越来越美丽”。冀教版七年级下册Unit 8单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 8 I love nature!)
一、简单句的基本句型 (Simple Sentences)
【规则变化】 简单句是指只包含一个主谓结构的句子。在英语中，根据动词的性质不同，简单句可以分为五种基本句型。本单元重点学习其中的三种最常见的句型：SV、SP 和 SVO。
【句型一】 SV (主谓结构：Subject + Verb)
这种句型中的动词通常是不及物动词 (Intransitive Verb)，即后面不需要接宾语就能表达完整的意思。后面常跟着表示时间、地点或方式的状语。
【例句】 They ate in the fields. (他们在田野里吃东西。They 是主语，ate 是谓语，in the fields 是地点状语。)
【句型二】 SP (主系表结构：Subject + Predicative / Subject + Linking Verb + Predicative)
这种句型中的动词是系动词 (Linking Verb)，如 be, look, get, become, seem 等。系动词后面必须接表语 (Predicative)，用来解释或说明主语的身份、特征或状态。
【例句】 Asian elephants are endangered. (亚洲象濒临灭绝。Asian elephants 是主语，are 是系动词，endangered 是形容词作表语。)
【句型三】 SVO (主谓宾结构：Subject + Verb + Object)
这种句型中的动词是及物动词 (Transitive Verb)，即动作必须有一个承受者，后面必须接宾语 (Object)。
【例句】 Chinese police officers protected them all along the way. (中国警察一路上保护着它们。Chinese police officers 是主语，protected 是及物动词谓语，them 是宾语。)
二、本单元核心短语与词汇用法 (Key Phrases & Words)
【重点短语】本单元围绕“热爱大自然与保护动植物”的主题，需要掌握以下核心短语：
1. be home to...：是……的故乡/栖息地。
2. be made from...：由……制成（通常指看不出原材料的化学变化）。
3. play a part in...：在……中发挥作用/扮演角色（in 是介词，后接名词或动名词 -ing）。
4. because of...：因为，由于（后接名词或名词短语，不能接完整的句子）。
5. at risk：处于危险之中。
6. die out：灭绝。
7. in the wild：在野外。
【易错点】 区分 because 和 because of：
Because 是连词，后接一个完整的句子（有主语和谓语）。
Because of 是介词短语，后面只能接名词、代词或动名词（V-ing）。
【例句】The animals are endangered because of habitat loss. (habitat loss 是名词短语)
The animals are endangered because they lost their habitats. (they lost... 是完整的句子)
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SV" (主谓)
A. The monkey is very cute.
B. They sleep in the trees.
C. We should protect wild animals.
D. China works hard.
2. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SP" (主系表)
A. Asian elephants are endangered.
B. They ate in the fields.
C. People cut down forests.
D. Chinese police officers protected them.
3. Which of the following sentences has the structure of "SVO" (主谓宾)
A. The wind is blowing.
B. The pandas are lovely.
C. Plants clean the air.
D. The birds sing happily.
4. Yunnan Province is home ________ Asian elephants.
A. for
B. in
C. of
D. to
5. Paper is usually made ________ wood from trees.
A. in
B. of
C. from
D. by
6. Plants play a very important part ________ keeping the air clean.
A. on
B. with
C. in
D. to
7. Many wild animals will die ________ if we do not protect their habitats.
A. away
B. out
C. off
D. down
8. The giant pandas are ________ risk because of habitat loss and hunting.
A. at
B. in
C. on
D. to
9. Elephants lost their homes ________ human engineering developments.
A. because
B. because of
C. instead of
D. thanks for
10. It's time for us ________ action to protect the environment.
A. take
B. taking
C. to take
D. took
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
Nature is beautiful. Plants 11. ________ (be) very important to us. First, they can clean the air. They give us oxygen to breathe. Second, they provide us 12. ________ food. For example, we eat fruits and vegetables every day. Also, many things are made 13. ________ plants. Wood from trees is 14. ________ (use) to build houses and make paper. Animals need plants, too. Forests are home 15. ________ many wild animals. They play an important part 16. ________ keeping the balance of nature. However, people are cutting 17. ________ too many trees. Many animals lose their habitats 18. ________ of it. If we don't protect them, the earth will 19. ________ (become) a desert. Let's take action 20. ________ (plant) more trees right now.
Passage 2
Asian elephants are 21. ________ (endanger) animals. Do you know why Human engineering developments 22. ________ (make) their lives difficult in the past. People cut down forests, so the elephants lost their habitats. Sometimes they didn't have enough food 23. ________ (eat). But now, China works hard 24. ________ (protect) them. It provides first-class protection to elephants as well as giant 25. ________ (panda). Yunnan Province is home to these animals. There are many protection centres. Chinese police officers protected them all 26. ________ the way when they moved. Because of the hard work, they are 27. ________ (safety) now. We hope that more and more animals can live happily 28. ________ the wild. We must remember that we share the same earth. We should try our 29. ________ (good) to help them. Let's make the world a 30. ________ (good) place for all lives.
Passage 3
Welcome to the Qilian Mountain National Park! It is located in the northwest of China. In the park, people 31. ________ (discover) over 70 kinds of wildlife. The park is 32. ________ the list of the country's key protection projects. You can see snow 33. ________ (leopard), wild donkeys and blue sheep there. The environment is so good that animals can have fun 34. ________ (live) in the wild. The park helps to keep the animals away 35. ________ danger. If they are 36. ________ risk, we will be in danger, too. The animals will not die 37. ________ easily with our help. As we know, wildlife 38. ________ (be) our friends. We should do everything we 39. ________ (can) to protect nature. We hope the world will get more and more 40. ________ (beautiful).

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