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冀教版八年级下册Unit 5单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 5 Great inventions)
一、被动语态（二）：含有情态动词的被动语态
【规则变化】 我们在 Unit 4 学习了一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。本单元继续学习被动语态（Passive voice II）。
当句中含有情态动词 (can, may, must, should 等) 时，被动语态的结构为：
主语 + 情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词 (Past Participle) + (by + 动作执行者).
【注意】 1. 否定句：在情态动词后加 not，即 主语 + 情态动词 + not + be + 过去分词。
2. 一般疑问句：将情态动词提至句首，即 情态动词 + 主语 + be + 过去分词
【例句】 Computers can be used to learn English. 电脑可以被用来学习英语。
Mobile phones should not (shouldn't) be used in class. 课堂上不应该使用手机。
Must the work be finished today 这项工作必须在今天完成吗？
二、被动语态（二）：一般将来时的被动语态
【规则变化】
一般将来时的被动语态表示“将要被做某事”，常与 tomorrow, next year, in the future 等表示将来的时间状语连用。
结构：主语 + will be + 动词的过去分词.
(或者：主语 + am / is / are going to be + 过去分词)
【易错点】 不要漏掉 be 动词！在将来时和情态动词被动语态中，助动词后面必须接原形 be，然后再接动词的过去分词。绝不能写成 "will built" 或 "can used"。
【例句】 A new railway will be built in our city next year. 明年我们市将修建一条新铁路。
More trees are going to be planted tomorrow. 明天将要种更多的树。
三、本单元核心短语与词汇用法
【重点短语】本单元围绕“伟大的发明 (Great inventions)”、“旅行方式 (Ways of travelling)”以及“电脑与网络 (Computers and the internet)”展开。重点考查以下词汇与短语：
1. light up：照亮
2. in fact：实际上
3. be connected to：与……相连
4. go through：经历；经受
5. get sick：生病
6. a toast to sb.：敬某人，和某人干杯
【例句】 The light bulb lights up the whole world. 灯泡照亮了整个世界。
Our computers are connected to the internet. 我们的电脑与互联网相连。
He has gone through a lot of difficulties. 他经历了许多困难。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. A new hospital ________ in our town next year.
A. will build
B. builds
C. will be built
D. is built
2. Children under 18 shouldn't ________ to go to internet cafes.
A. allow
B. be allowed
C. allowed
D. allowing
3. Thomas Edison's invention of the light bulb ________ the whole world.
A. lit up
B. put out
C. gave up
D. woke up
4. Is your computer ________ the Internet I want to search for some information.
A. connecting with
B. connected to
C. connecting to
D. connected with
5. Computers can ________ to do a lot of difficult work.
A. be use
B. be used
C. used
D. use
6. He has ________ a lot of hard times since he moved to the new city.
A. got sick
B. looked through
C. gone through
D. connected to
7. Now, let's make a toast ________ our friendship!
A. in
B. for
C. to
D. with
8. The lost boy is safe now. He ________ by the police soon.
A. will find
B. will be found
C. is found
D. found
9. Please put on more clothes, or you will easily ________.
A. get tired
B. get sick
C. fall asleep
D. wake up
10. ________, the internet is very helpful if we use it wisely.
A. In time
B. In a hurry
C. In fact
D. In order
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
The light bulb is a great invention. It 11. ________ (invent) by Edison a long time ago. Before that, the night was dark. But now, our world 12. ________ (light) up by millions of bulbs every night. In the future, more and more new things 13. ________ (invent). Our life 14. ________ (make) much easier. We should study hard. Great inventions can 15. ________ (make) by anyone. We must 16. ________ (be) brave to try. Mistakes 17. ________ (should allow) in learning. If you don't give up, success 18. ________ (achieve) in the end. Let's make a toast 19. ________ (to) all the great inventors. They have 20. ________ (go) through so many hardships for us.
Passage 2
Computers 21. ________ (be) great inventions. Today, they 22. ________ (can see) everywhere. Our computers are 23. ________ (connect) to the internet. We can do many things online. For example, emails 24. ________ (can send) to our friends easily. Information 25. ________ (will find) very quickly. However, teenagers 26. ________ (should not allow) to spend too much time playing computer games. If you look at the screen for a long time, your eyes 27. ________ (will hurt). You may easily get 28. ________ (sickness). In 29. ________ (factual), computers are just tools. They must 30. ________ (use) wisely by us.
Passage 3
Ways of travelling have changed a lot. In the past, people travelled by horse or on foot. It took a long time. Now, high-speed trains 31. ________ (build) in many cities of China. They 32. ________ (know) for their high speed. Next year, a new railway 33. ________ (will build) in my hometown. It is 34. ________ (say) that the train will be very fast. The tickets 35. ________ (can buy) easily online. When you take the train, the safety rules 36. ________ (must follow). The environment 37. ________ (should protect) when we travel. Rubbish must not 38. ________ (throw) out of the window. In the future, more amazing transport 39. ________ (invent). I believe our country will 40. ________ (become) better and better.
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】C
【解析】句意：明年我们镇上将建一所新医院。考查一般将来时的被动语态。next year 表示将来时；A new hospital 与 build 之间是被动关系，所以使用 `will be built`。故选C。
2.【答案】B
【解析】句意：18岁以下的儿童不应该被允许去网吧。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语 Children 与 allow 是被动关系，结构为 `shouldn't be allowed`。故选B。
3.【答案】A
【解析】句意：托马斯·爱迪生发明的灯泡照亮了整个世界。考查本单元重点短语。light up 意为“照亮”；put out 扑灭；give up 放弃；wake up 叫醒。故选A。
4.【答案】B
【解析】句意：你的电脑连上互联网了吗？我想搜索一些信息。考查固定搭配。be connected to... 意为“与……相连”，是本单元重点短语。故选B。
5.【答案】B
【解析】句意：电脑可以被用来做许多困难的工作。考查含有情态动词的被动语态。主语 Computers 是动作 use 的承受者，用 `can be used`。故选B。
6.【答案】C
【解析】句意：自从他搬到新城市以来，他经历了许多艰难的时期。考查动词短语。go through 意为“经历；经受”，现在完成时用 gone through。故选C。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意：现在，让我们为我们的友谊干杯！考查介词。make a toast to sb./sth. 意为“为某人/某事敬酒；干杯”。故选C。
8.【答案】B
【解析】句意：走失的男孩现在安全了。他很快就会被警察找到。考查一般将来时的被动语态。soon 提示用将来时，主语 He 与 find 是被动关系，用 `will be found`。故选B。
9.【答案】B
【解析】句意：请多穿点衣服，否则你很容易生病。考查短语辨析。get sick 意为“生病”，符合语境。故选B。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：实际上，如果我们明智地使用互联网，它是非常有帮助的。考查词组辨析。In fact 意为“实际上；事实上”。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. was invented。a long time ago 提示用一般过去时，灯泡被发明，被动语态 `was invented`。
12. is lit。now 提示一般现在时，世界被照亮，light 的过去分词为 lit，填 `is lit`。
13. will be invented。In the future 提示一般将来时，事物被发明，填 `will be invented`。
14. will be made。承接前文将来时，生活将变得更轻松，填 `will be made`。
15. be made。情态动词 can 后的被动语态，填 `be made`。
16. be。情态动词 must 后接动词原形 `be` (be brave)。
17. should be allowed。错误应该被允许，情态动词被动语态 `should be allowed`。
18. will be achieved。If 引导的条件状语从句主将从现，成功将被取得，填 `will be achieved`。
19. to。make a toast to... 敬酒/干杯，填介词 `to`。
20. gone。have gone through 经历（现在完成时），填过去分词 `gone`。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. are。陈述一般事实，主语 Computers 为复数，填 `are`。
22. can be seen。它们能被随处可见，情态动词被动语态 `can be seen`。
23. connected。be connected to... 与……相连，填过去分词 `connected`。
24. can be sent。电子邮件可以被发送，填 `can be sent`。
25. will be found。信息将很快被找到，将来时被动语态 `will be found`。
26. should not be allowed。青少年不应该被允许，填 `should not be allowed`。
27. will be hurt / will hurt。If 从句主将从现，眼睛将会受伤，主动被动均可，`will be hurt` 更强调被动损伤。
28. sick。get sick 生病，get 作系动词后接形容词 `sick`。
29. fact。In fact 实际上，填名词 `fact`。
30. be used。它们必须被明智地使用，情态动词被动语态 `be used`。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. are built。Now 提示一般现在时，高铁被修建，复数被动 `are built`。
32. are known。be known for 因……而闻名，填 `are known`。
33. will be built。Next year 提示将来时被动语态，铁路将被修建，填 `will be built`。
34. said。It is said that... 据说，固定句型，填过去分词 `said`。
35. can be bought。车票可以在网上被买到，填 `can be bought`。
36. must be followed。安全规则必须被遵守，填 `must be followed`。
37. should be protected。环境应该被保护，填 `should be protected`。
38. be thrown。垃圾绝对不能被扔出窗外，情态动词后接 `be thrown`。
39. will be invented。In the future 提示将来时被动语态，更多交通工具将被发明，填 `will be invented`。
40. become。will 助动词后接动词原形 `become`。冀教版八年级下册Unit 5单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 5 Great inventions)
一、被动语态（二）：含有情态动词的被动语态
【规则变化】 我们在 Unit 4 学习了一般现在时和一般过去时的被动语态。本单元继续学习被动语态（Passive voice II）。
当句中含有情态动词 (can, may, must, should 等) 时，被动语态的结构为：
主语 + 情态动词 + be + 动词的过去分词 (Past Participle) + (by + 动作执行者).
【注意】 1. 否定句：在情态动词后加 not，即 主语 + 情态动词 + not + be + 过去分词。
2. 一般疑问句：将情态动词提至句首，即 情态动词 + 主语 + be + 过去分词
【例句】 Computers can be used to learn English. 电脑可以被用来学习英语。
Mobile phones should not (shouldn't) be used in class. 课堂上不应该使用手机。
Must the work be finished today 这项工作必须在今天完成吗？
二、被动语态（二）：一般将来时的被动语态
【规则变化】
一般将来时的被动语态表示“将要被做某事”，常与 tomorrow, next year, in the future 等表示将来的时间状语连用。
结构：主语 + will be + 动词的过去分词.
(或者：主语 + am / is / are going to be + 过去分词)
【易错点】 不要漏掉 be 动词！在将来时和情态动词被动语态中，助动词后面必须接原形 be，然后再接动词的过去分词。绝不能写成 "will built" 或 "can used"。
【例句】 A new railway will be built in our city next year. 明年我们市将修建一条新铁路。
More trees are going to be planted tomorrow. 明天将要种更多的树。
三、本单元核心短语与词汇用法
【重点短语】本单元围绕“伟大的发明 (Great inventions)”、“旅行方式 (Ways of travelling)”以及“电脑与网络 (Computers and the internet)”展开。重点考查以下词汇与短语：
1. light up：照亮
2. in fact：实际上
3. be connected to：与……相连
4. go through：经历；经受
5. get sick：生病
6. a toast to sb.：敬某人，和某人干杯
【例句】 The light bulb lights up the whole world. 灯泡照亮了整个世界。
Our computers are connected to the internet. 我们的电脑与互联网相连。
He has gone through a lot of difficulties. 他经历了许多困难。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. A new hospital ________ in our town next year.
A. will build
B. builds
C. will be built
D. is built
2. Children under 18 shouldn't ________ to go to internet cafes.
A. allow
B. be allowed
C. allowed
D. allowing
3. Thomas Edison's invention of the light bulb ________ the whole world.
A. lit up
B. put out
C. gave up
D. woke up
4. Is your computer ________ the Internet I want to search for some information.
A. connecting with
B. connected to
C. connecting to
D. connected with
5. Computers can ________ to do a lot of difficult work.
A. be use
B. be used
C. used
D. use
6. He has ________ a lot of hard times since he moved to the new city.
A. got sick
B. looked through
C. gone through
D. connected to
7. Now, let's make a toast ________ our friendship!
A. in
B. for
C. to
D. with
8. The lost boy is safe now. He ________ by the police soon.
A. will find
B. will be found
C. is found
D. found
9. Please put on more clothes, or you will easily ________.
A. get tired
B. get sick
C. fall asleep
D. wake up
10. ________, the internet is very helpful if we use it wisely.
A. In time
B. In a hurry
C. In fact
D. In order
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1
The light bulb is a great invention. It 11. ________ (invent) by Edison a long time ago. Before that, the night was dark. But now, our world 12. ________ (light) up by millions of bulbs every night. In the future, more and more new things 13. ________ (invent). Our life 14. ________ (make) much easier. We should study hard. Great inventions can 15. ________ (make) by anyone. We must 16. ________ (be) brave to try. Mistakes 17. ________ (should allow) in learning. If you don't give up, success 18. ________ (achieve) in the end. Let's make a toast 19. ________ (to) all the great inventors. They have 20. ________ (go) through so many hardships for us.
Passage 2
Computers 21. ________ (be) great inventions. Today, they 22. ________ (can see) everywhere. Our computers are 23. ________ (connect) to the internet. We can do many things online. For example, emails 24. ________ (can send) to our friends easily. Information 25. ________ (will find) very quickly. However, teenagers 26. ________ (should not allow) to spend too much time playing computer games. If you look at the screen for a long time, your eyes 27. ________ (will hurt). You may easily get 28. ________ (sickness). In 29. ________ (factual), computers are just tools. They must 30. ________ (use) wisely by us.
Passage 3
Ways of travelling have changed a lot. In the past, people travelled by horse or on foot. It took a long time. Now, high-speed trains 31. ________ (build) in many cities of China. They 32. ________ (know) for their high speed. Next year, a new railway 33. ________ (will build) in my hometown. It is 34. ________ (say) that the train will be very fast. The tickets 35. ________ (can buy) easily online. When you take the train, the safety rules 36. ________ (must follow). The environment 37. ________ (should protect) when we travel. Rubbish must not 38. ________ (throw) out of the window. In the future, more amazing transport 39. ________ (invent). I believe our country will 40. ________ (become) better and better.

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