资源简介

冀教版八年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 I love literature!)
一、宾语从句 (Object clauses) 的概念与连词
【规则变化】 宾语从句在复合句中作动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的连词主要有三类：
1. that：引导陈述句充当的宾语从句，that 无实际词义，在从句中不充当句子成分，口语中常可省略。
2. if / whether：引导一般疑问句充当的宾语从句，意为“是否”。
3. 特殊疑问词 (wh- words)：如 what, who, where, when, why, how 等，引导特殊疑问句充当的宾语从句。这些词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，具有实际意义且不能省略。
【例句】 Everyone knew (that) sharing makes people happy. 大家都知道分享使人快乐。
I wonder if/whether the giant got mad. 我想知道那个巨人是否生气了。
I want to find out where the village is. 我想弄清楚那个村庄在哪里。
二、宾语从句的语序与时态规则
【语序规则】
无论是哪种连词引导的宾语从句，从句的语序必须是陈述句语序（即：连词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分）。不能使用疑问句的倒装语序。
例如：将 "What does she mean " 改为宾语从句时，必须变成 "what she means"。
【时态规则】
1. 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况使用任何所需时态。
2. 如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句通常要改为相应的过去时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时）。
3. 特例：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、科学事实或自然现象，无论主句是什么时态，从句都使用一般现在时。
【易错点】 当特殊疑问词在从句中作主语时（如 who 询问是谁），其本身就是陈述句语序，直接连接即可。例如：I don't know who is singing in the room.
【例句】 I can understand what she means. 我能理解她的意思。（陈述语序）
My aunt forgot where she first met John. 我姑姑忘记了她第一次是在哪里见到约翰的。（主句过去时，从句过去时）
Who can tell me what he said at the meeting yesterday 谁能告诉我他昨天在会上说了什么？（主句现在时，从句依据时间状语用过去时）
三、本单元核心短语与词汇用法
【重点短语】本单元以“文学 (literature)”为主题，学习了多篇童话、寓言与小说，需掌握以下核心词汇与短语：
1. once upon a time：很久以前
2. be rich in...：富含……；在……方面很丰富
3. make a living：谋生
4. feel sorry for sb.：同情、怜悯某人
5. get mad：生气
6. in a deep voice：用低沉的声音
7. run away：突然离开；逃离
8. put up：张贴
9. be covered with...：覆盖着……
10. be filled with...：充满……
11. keep... away：不让接近；使离开
12. at last / at first：终于；最终 / 起初
13. hear of：听说
14. turn to：变成
【例句】 Gillian's uncle left him one thousand dollars, not ten. 吉莉安的叔叔留给了他一千美元，而不是十美元。
The giant got mad because the children were playing in his garden. 这个巨人很生气，因为孩子们在他的花园里玩耍。
Read widely and you'll be rich in knowledge. 广泛阅读，你的知识就会变得丰富。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. I can understand ________ she means.
A. that
B. what
C. what does
D. how does
2. Who can tell me what he ________ at the meeting yesterday
A. say
B. says
C. said
D. is saying
3. My aunt forgot where she first ________ John.
A. meet
B. met
C. meets
D. to meet
4. Read widely and you'll be ________ in knowledge.
A. poor
B. short
C. rich
D. full
5. The giant got ________ because the children were playing in his garden.
A. happy
B. glad
C. mad
D. rich
6. I want to find out ________.
A. where is the village
B. where the village is
C. what is the village
D. where was the village
7. Long ago, a poor woodcutter made a ________ by cutting wood in the forest.
A. money
B. live
C. living
D. life
8. It is a very beautiful garden ________ green grass and colorful flowers.
A. filled with
B. covered in
C. covered with
D. full with
9. The angry dog ran towards us. We were so scared that we ________ quickly.
A. ran away
B. turned to
C. put up
D. gave up
10. Our physics teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A. travel
B. travelled
C. travels
D. travelling
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1 (The Giant)
Once upon a time, there was a Giant. He didn't want anyone to play in his garden. One day, he saw some children playing in it. He got 11. ________ (mad) and shouted in a deep 12. ________ (voice). The children ran 13. ________ (away) quickly. He put 14. ________ a sign to keep everyone away. Then spring didn't come to his garden. It was 15. ________ (cover) with snow and ice. He wondered 16. ________ it was still winter. Later, he realized that his heart was filled 17. ________ ice. At last, he broke the wall. The children came back and brought spring with 18. ________ (they). Everyone knew 19. ________ sharing makes people happy. I can completely understand 20. ________ he did that at last.
Passage 2 (The Woodcutter Fable)
Long ago, a poor woodcutter made a 21. ________ (live) by cutting wood. He was 22. ________ (honesty) and kind. One day, his axe fell into a river. He didn't know 23. ________ to get it back. He sat there and cried. An old man came and felt sorry 24. ________ him. The old man jumped into the river and brought out a golden axe. He asked the woodcutter 25. ________ this was his axe. The woodcutter shook his head and said that his axe 26. ________ (be) an old one. The old man dived once 27. ________ (again) and brought out the old axe. The woodcutter was very happy. We can learn from the story that honesty 28. ________ (be) the best policy. Do you know what the story 29. ________ (mean) We should always tell the 30. ________ (truth).
Passage 3 (Exploring literature)
We are learning Unit 6 "I love literature!". I am quite 31. ________ (familiarity) with the writer O. Henry now. Our teacher asked us 32. ________ (read) his famous novel One Thousand Dollars. It is about a young man named Gillian. His uncle died and left 33. ________ (he) one thousand 34. ________ (dollar). Gillian didn't know how 35. ________ (spend) the money at first. He asked many people for advice. Finally, he gave the money to a girl he loved. I couldn't understand 36. ________ he did that at the beginning. But later I realized 37. ________ true love is more important than money. I think it is one of the most 38. ________ (interest) stories I have ever read. Reading widely can help us be 39. ________ (rich) in knowledge. Let's explore the wonderful world of 40. ________ (literature) together!
【参考答案与解析】
I. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我能理解她的意思。考查宾语从句。原句为 "What does she mean "，变为宾语从句需使用陈述句语序 "what she means"。不能保留助动词 does。故选B。
2.【答案】C
【解析】句意：谁能告诉我他昨天在会上说了什么？考查宾语从句的时态。主句为一般现在时，从句根据时间状语 "yesterday" 应使用一般过去时。say 的过去式为 said。故选C。
3.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我姑姑忘记了她第一次是在哪里见到约翰的。考查宾语从句的时态。主句谓语 "forgot" 是一般过去时，从句通常也需要使用过去时态。meet 的过去式为 met。故选B。
4.【答案】C
【解析】句意：广泛阅读，你的知识就会变得丰富。考查本单元核心短语。be rich in... 意为“在……方面丰富；富含……”。故选C。
5.【答案】C
【解析】句意：这个巨人很生气，因为孩子们在他的花园里玩耍。考查词汇。get mad 意为“生气，发疯”。A、B为高兴，D为富有，均不符合逻辑。故选C。
6.【答案】B
【解析】句意：我想弄清楚那个村庄在哪里。考查宾语从句语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。A、C选项为疑问语序；主句是一般现在时，从句陈述客观事实也用一般现在时，故选B。
7.【答案】C
【解析】句意：很久以前，一个贫穷的樵夫靠在森林里砍柴为生。考查核心短语。make a living 意为“谋生”，是本单元重点短语。故选C。
8.【答案】C
【解析】句意：这是一个非常美丽的花园，长满了绿草，开满了五颜六色的花朵。考查短语辨析。be covered with... 意为“被……覆盖”；be filled with... 意为“充满”。草地覆盖地面，用 covered with 最贴切。故选C。
9.【答案】A
【解析】句意：那只生气的狗朝我们跑来。我们吓得赶紧跑开了。考查短语辨析。run away 意为“逃跑，离开”；turn to 变成；put up 张贴；give up 放弃。故选A。
10.【答案】C
【解析】句意：我们的物理老师告诉我们，光传播的速度比声音快。考查宾语从句时态。虽然主句是过去时 "told"，但从句表述的是科学事实（光速大于声速），必须使用一般现在时，light 是不可数名词，用单三形式 travels。故选C。
II. 语法填空
Passage 1 答案及解析：
11. mad。get mad 意为“生气”，系动词 get 后接形容词 mad 作表语。
12. voice。in a deep voice 意为“用低沉的声音”。
13. away。run away 意为“跑开，逃走”。
14. up。put up a sign 意为“张贴标志”。
15. covered。be covered with 意为“被……覆盖着”，用过去分词形式。
16. why。宾语从句，根据逻辑意思“他想知道‘为什么’还是冬天”，填入疑问副词 why。
17. with。be filled with 意为“充满……”。
18. them。介词 with 后接人称代词的宾格 them。
19. that。引导宾语从句，从句句意完整不缺成分，用 that 引导。
20. why。我完全理解他最后“为什么”那么做，填入 why 引导宾语从句。
Passage 2 答案及解析：
21. living。make a living 意为“谋生”，固定短语。
22. honest。be 动词后接形容词作表语，honesty 的形容词是 honest。
23. how。how to do sth. 是疑问词加不定式结构，意为“如何拿回来”。
24. for。feel sorry for sb. 意为“对某人感到同情、怜悯”。
25. if / whether。引导一般疑问句作宾语从句，意为“是否”。
26. was。主句是过去时，宾语从句时态呼应，用一般过去时 was。
27. again。once again 意为“再次，又一次”。
28. is。客观真理或格言（诚实是最好的策略），无论主句时态，从句都用一般现在时 is。
29. means。主句是 Do you know，从句用一般现在时，主语 the story 为单三，填 means。
30. truth。tell the truth 意为“说出真相”，固定搭配。
Passage 3 答案及解析：
31. familiar。be familiar with sb. 意为“对某人很熟悉”，用形容词 familiar。
32. to read。ask sb. to do sth. 意为“要求某人做某事”。
33. him。动词 left 后面接宾格 him。
34. dollars。one thousand 后面接可数名词复数 dollars。
35. to spend。how to spend the money (疑问词+不定式作宾语)。
36. why。引导宾语从句，表示“我不明白他一开始‘为什么’要那样做”。
37. that。引导陈述句作宾语从句，句意完整，用 that。
38. interesting。修饰物 (stories) 用 -ing 结尾的形容词 interesting。
39. rich。be rich in 意为“在……方面丰富”，用形容词 rich。
40. literature。the world of literature 意为“文学的世界”，填名词 literature。冀教版八年级下册Unit 6单元语法知识梳理与练习
一：单元语法知识梳理 (Unit 6 I love literature!)
一、宾语从句 (Object clauses) 的概念与连词
【规则变化】 宾语从句在复合句中作动词或介词的宾语。引导宾语从句的连词主要有三类：
1. that：引导陈述句充当的宾语从句，that 无实际词义，在从句中不充当句子成分，口语中常可省略。
2. if / whether：引导一般疑问句充当的宾语从句，意为“是否”。
3. 特殊疑问词 (wh- words)：如 what, who, where, when, why, how 等，引导特殊疑问句充当的宾语从句。这些词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，具有实际意义且不能省略。
【例句】 Everyone knew (that) sharing makes people happy. 大家都知道分享使人快乐。
I wonder if/whether the giant got mad. 我想知道那个巨人是否生气了。
I want to find out where the village is. 我想弄清楚那个村庄在哪里。
二、宾语从句的语序与时态规则
【语序规则】
无论是哪种连词引导的宾语从句，从句的语序必须是陈述句语序（即：连词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 其他成分）。不能使用疑问句的倒装语序。
例如：将 "What does she mean " 改为宾语从句时，必须变成 "what she means"。
【时态规则】
1. 如果主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，宾语从句可根据实际情况使用任何所需时态。
2. 如果主句是一般过去时，宾语从句通常要改为相应的过去时态（如一般过去时、过去进行时、过去将来时或过去完成时）。
3. 特例：如果宾语从句表述的是客观真理、科学事实或自然现象，无论主句是什么时态，从句都使用一般现在时。
【易错点】 当特殊疑问词在从句中作主语时（如 who 询问是谁），其本身就是陈述句语序，直接连接即可。例如：I don't know who is singing in the room.
【例句】 I can understand what she means. 我能理解她的意思。（陈述语序）
My aunt forgot where she first met John. 我姑姑忘记了她第一次是在哪里见到约翰的。（主句过去时，从句过去时）
Who can tell me what he said at the meeting yesterday 谁能告诉我他昨天在会上说了什么？（主句现在时，从句依据时间状语用过去时）
三、本单元核心短语与词汇用法
【重点短语】本单元以“文学 (literature)”为主题，学习了多篇童话、寓言与小说，需掌握以下核心词汇与短语：
1. once upon a time：很久以前
2. be rich in...：富含……；在……方面很丰富
3. make a living：谋生
4. feel sorry for sb.：同情、怜悯某人
5. get mad：生气
6. in a deep voice：用低沉的声音
7. run away：突然离开；逃离
8. put up：张贴
9. be covered with...：覆盖着……
10. be filled with...：充满……
11. keep... away：不让接近；使离开
12. at last / at first：终于；最终 / 起初
13. hear of：听说
14. turn to：变成
【例句】 Gillian's uncle left him one thousand dollars, not ten. 吉莉安的叔叔留给了他一千美元，而不是十美元。
The giant got mad because the children were playing in his garden. 这个巨人很生气，因为孩子们在他的花园里玩耍。
Read widely and you'll be rich in knowledge. 广泛阅读，你的知识就会变得丰富。
二：单元语法知识练习
I. 单项选择（10道）
1. I can understand ________ she means.
A. that
B. what
C. what does
D. how does
2. Who can tell me what he ________ at the meeting yesterday
A. say
B. says
C. said
D. is saying
3. My aunt forgot where she first ________ John.
A. meet
B. met
C. meets
D. to meet
4. Read widely and you'll be ________ in knowledge.
A. poor
B. short
C. rich
D. full
5. The giant got ________ because the children were playing in his garden.
A. happy
B. glad
C. mad
D. rich
6. I want to find out ________.
A. where is the village
B. where the village is
C. what is the village
D. where was the village
7. Long ago, a poor woodcutter made a ________ by cutting wood in the forest.
A. money
B. live
C. living
D. life
8. It is a very beautiful garden ________ green grass and colorful flowers.
A. filled with
B. covered in
C. covered with
D. full with
9. The angry dog ran towards us. We were so scared that we ________ quickly.
A. ran away
B. turned to
C. put up
D. gave up
10. Our physics teacher told us that light ________ faster than sound.
A. travel
B. travelled
C. travels
D. travelling
II. 语法填空（3篇）
Passage 1 (The Giant)
Once upon a time, there was a Giant. He didn't want anyone to play in his garden. One day, he saw some children playing in it. He got 11. ________ (mad) and shouted in a deep 12. ________ (voice). The children ran 13. ________ (away) quickly. He put 14. ________ a sign to keep everyone away. Then spring didn't come to his garden. It was 15. ________ (cover) with snow and ice. He wondered 16. ________ it was still winter. Later, he realized that his heart was filled 17. ________ ice. At last, he broke the wall. The children came back and brought spring with 18. ________ (they). Everyone knew 19. ________ sharing makes people happy. I can completely understand 20. ________ he did that at last.
Passage 2 (The Woodcutter Fable)
Long ago, a poor woodcutter made a 21. ________ (live) by cutting wood. He was 22. ________ (honesty) and kind. One day, his axe fell into a river. He didn't know 23. ________ to get it back. He sat there and cried. An old man came and felt sorry 24. ________ him. The old man jumped into the river and brought out a golden axe. He asked the woodcutter 25. ________ this was his axe. The woodcutter shook his head and said that his axe 26. ________ (be) an old one. The old man dived once 27. ________ (again) and brought out the old axe. The woodcutter was very happy. We can learn from the story that honesty 28. ________ (be) the best policy. Do you know what the story 29. ________ (mean) We should always tell the 30. ________ (truth).
Passage 3 (Exploring literature)
We are learning Unit 6 "I love literature!". I am quite 31. ________ (familiarity) with the writer O. Henry now. Our teacher asked us 32. ________ (read) his famous novel One Thousand Dollars. It is about a young man named Gillian. His uncle died and left 33. ________ (he) one thousand 34. ________ (dollar). Gillian didn't know how 35. ________ (spend) the money at first. He asked many people for advice. Finally, he gave the money to a girl he loved. I couldn't understand 36. ________ he did that at the beginning. But later I realized 37. ________ true love is more important than money. I think it is one of the most 38. ________ (interest) stories I have ever read. Reading widely can help us be 39. ________ (rich) in knowledge. Let's explore the wonderful world of 40. ________ (literature) together!

展开更多......

收起↑