资源简介

(共53张PPT)
复习被动语态
一、图解语法
二、观察感悟
阅读下面短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习。
Are you ready to get fit We are happy to announce that the Community Sports Center will soon be open to the public once again.Our facilities ①have been enlarged and redone，and our center is now bigger and better than ever before.The finishing touches ②are now being put to a new swimming pool and our workout rooms ③will have been updated with modern equipment by the end of this e by and check them out! Better still，we will update our fitness courses every few months so that more popular courses can be included.Weight training classes，for example，④are being designed and ⑤will be added to our programme soon.We will invite professional athletes to be our coaches.We are confident that we have something for everyone.Looking forward to seeing you here!
[我的发现]
以上黑体部分均使用了_____语态，其中句___是现在完成时的被动语态，其构成是________________；句___和___是现在进行时的被动语态，其构成是____________ ____；句____是将来完成时的被动语态，其构成是_____________________；句___是一般将来时的被动语态，其构成是________________。
被动
①
have/has been done
②
④
am/is/are being
done
③
will/shall have been done
⑤
will/shall be done
一、基本构成
时态 一般 进行 完成
现在 am/is/are done am/is/are being done has/have been done
过去 was/were done was/were being done had been done
将来 shall/will be done —— shall/will have been done
(教材原句)As he was not allowed to accompany her to the shops，he wrote out a list of things that he would need for his work on the house.(一般过去时的被动语态)
由于他不被允许陪她去商店，所以他列了一张物品清单，上面写了他装修房子所需要的东西。
(教材原句)Now she was being looked after by a robot that looked so human，and it was disturbing.(过去进行时的被动语态)
现在她正在被一个看起来这么像人类的机器人照顾着，这让人很不安。
The children are asked to clean their rooms every day.(一般现在时的被动语态)
孩子们被要求每天打扫他们的房间。
I feel that not enough is being done to protect the local wild animals.(现在进行时的被动语态)
我觉得对当地野生动物的保护力度不够。
I received the sad news that he had been killed in a motorcycle accident.(过去完成时的被动语态)
我得知了这个不幸的消息，说他在一场摩托车事故中丧生了。
[即时演练1]　单句语法填空
①(2025·全国一卷)Whole neighbourhoods _______________(destroy) to make way for new road networks and kids had to play elsewhere.
②I have to go to work by taxi because my car ______________(repair) at the garage.
③We must be aware of the fact that our beautiful environment _______________(destroy) now.
④Over the past 20 years，many inspirational role models ________________(honour)in Touching China awards.
were destroyed
is being repaired
is being destroyed
have been honoured
二、使用被动语态应注意的几个问题
1.否定词not的位置：在第一个助动词或情态动词之后。
He was extremely disappointed to hear that he would not be given a doctor's degree.
听到不会获得博士学位，他失望透顶。
2.主动语句的谓语动词带有复合宾语时，应将宾语变成被动语句的主语，而将宾语补足语保留不动，这时的宾语补足语变成了主语补足语。
We saw him sitting there without doing anything.
＝He was seen sitting there without doing anything.
我们看见他坐在那儿，什么也没做。
His words made me throw up.
＝I was made to throw up by his words.
他的话令我作呕。
在主动语态中，make、hear、see等词后接动词不定式时要省略to，但在被动语态中不能省略。
|名师点津|
3.带双宾语的动词作谓语的主动语句转换为被动语句时，可将表示物的直接宾语变为主语，用for或to引出表示人的间接宾语，或将表示人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语保留。
My father is telling me an interesting story now.
＝An interesting story is being told to me by my father now.
＝I'm being told an interesting story by my father now.
爸爸正在给我讲一个有趣的故事。
4.动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉动词后面的介词或副词。
The old man was often laughed at.
那位老人经常被嘲笑。
[即时演练2]　将下列句子改为被动语态
①We saw a stranger enter the building just now.
→_________________________________________
②My uncle gave me a present the other day.
→__________________________________________
→________________________________________
A stranger was seen to enter the building just now.
A present was given to me the other day by my uncle.
I was given a present the other day by my uncle.
③The bad weather made me decide to stay here for another day.
→_______________________________________________________
④My uncle took good care of me when I was young.
→_______________________________________________
I was made to decide to stay here for another day by the bad weather.
I was taken good care of by my uncle when I was young.
三、难点突破
(一)主动形式表示被动意义
1.连系动词(如look、sound、smell、feel、taste、remain、seem、appear、prove等)后接表语时，一般用主动形式表示被动意义。
The food tastes delicious.
这种食物尝起来美味可口。
What he said at the meeting sounded encouraging.
他在会上说的话听起来令人倍受鼓舞。
2.当 wash、write、sell、open、close、shut、lock、cook等不及物动词后加副词(easily、well等)时，通常用主动形式表示被动意义。
This kind of cloth washes easily and lasts long.
这种布料容易洗，并且经久耐用。
The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.
父亲作为生日礼物给我的钢笔写起来很流畅。
3.need、want、require、deserve等后可以用动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义。
His hair needs cutting.
→His hair needs to be cut.
他的头发需要剪了。
4.be worth doing 可转换为be worthy to be done，用主动形式表示被动意义。
The novel is worth reading again.
→The novel is worthy to be read again.
这部小说值得再读一次。
5.动词不定式作定语与被修饰的名词或代词之间构成动宾关系，且句中出现动作的逻辑主语时，要用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。
I have a lot of work to do at present.
目前我有许多工作要做。
6.在“主语＋be＋形容词＋动词不定式”句型中，形容词后跟动词不定式作状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，常用动词不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。此句型常用的形容词有amusing、comfortable、dangerous、difficult、easy、fit、hard、important、impossible、interesting、nice、pleasant、funny等。
The water is not fit to drink，so hold out until we get to the shop.
这水不宜饮用，所以请坚持到我们到达商店为止。
[即时演练3]　单句语法填空
①His books ____(sell) well，so they will be sold out soon.
②This cheese _________(not，cut)easily.It's too soft.
③These small trees need _______________(take) good care of.
④We still have many poor children _______(take) care of.
sell
doesn't cut
taking/to be taken
to take
(二)被动意义的其他表示方法
被动意义除了用被动语态表示外，根据具体情况还可以用其他形式表示。
1.非谓语动词的被动式表示被动意义
(教材原句)...Larry persuaded her that the robot wouldn't harm her or allow her to be harmed.
……拉里劝说她机器人不会伤害她，也不会让她受到伤害。
(教材原句)How awful to be discovered by her...
被她发现了，这可真糟糕……
The problem being discussed at the meeting is of great importance.
会议上正在被讨论的问题非常重要。
2.“介词＋名词”结构表示被动意义
on、in、under、beyond、above、past等介词后加名词可以表示被动意义。
You'd be fascinated by what is on display.
你将会被陈列的文物吸引住。
[即时演练4]　单句语法填空/同义替换
①All the work ___________(do) now is aimed at improving living conditions.
②The plan __________________(implement) next month needs further discussion.
③We are considering various solutions，all of which are being discussed to find the best one.
→We are considering various solutions，all of which are _______________to find the best one.
being done
to be implemented
under discussion
on a...basis 根据；以……的方式(基准)
[教材原句]　money paid for work or services，typically on a daily or weekly basis通常以每天或每周一次为工作或服务支付的钱
(1)on a regular basis　 例行地；有规律地；定期地
on the basis of 在……的基础上；基于；根据
(2)base v. 以……为据点(或总部等)；把(总部等)设在
base...on/upon 把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon 以……为基础/根据
[即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①The team was selected on the basis __their performance in the regional competition.
②The teacher checks students' homework ___a regular basis to ensure they understand the lessons clearly.
③The movie ________(base) on a true story of a young athlete's journey to success.
④老师每周奖励学生，鼓励他们更加努力。
The teacher _____________________________，encouraging them to work harder.
[写作积累]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷)I strongly recommend that you (should) base grouping on students' exam grades.我强烈建议你应该将分组建立在学生的考试成绩之上。
of
on
is based
rewards students on a weekly basis
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.(2025·全国一卷)“The players' personalities _____________(reveal) during the game，and one's weaknesses are exposed to the opponent，” she adds.
2.(2024·全国甲卷)What should _______(do) with such a beautiful place
3.The shop owner told me that the girl _____________(take) to the hospital because of her serious illness.
4.Once my homework ___________(finish)，I felt a sense of relief.
5.All the work ____________(do) ahead of schedule，so we can take a short break.
(满分：75.5分)
are revealed
be done
had been taken
was finished
has been done
6.The problem must _________(solve) immediately to prevent further delays.
7.The sports meeting would ____________(hold) if the weather had been fine yesterday.
8.The report ______________(write) by the team now，and it will be ready by tomorrow.
9.Our study plan will __________(evaluate) on a daily basis to ensure that all tasks are completed on time.
10.By next week，his new novel will __________________(complete)，and he plans to submit it to the publisher for review.
be solved
have been held
is being written
be evaluated
have been completed
Ⅱ.语法与写作(用被动语态完成句子)(每小题3分，共15分)
1.上周六，我们学校举行了年度科技展览。
The annual science exhibition ________by our school last Saturday.
2.她到达演讲现场时，项目还没完成。
Her project ___________________when she arrived at the presentation.
3.她的环境报告在国际期刊上得到了高度赞扬。
Her environmental report _________________in international journals.
4.自从发布以来，他们的戏剧已被改编成了一部受欢迎的电视剧。
Their play ___________________a popular TV series since it was released.
5.许多粉丝想知道她是否正在为即将发布的专辑创作新歌。
Many fans wonder whether new songs _______________by her for the upcoming album.
was held
hadn't been completed
was highly praised
has been turned into
are being written
Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题1.5分，共10.5分)
阅读下面短文，用所给动词的适当形式填空。
The annual sports day 1._______ (hold) last Friday.Many exciting events 2._____ _____(do)，such as races and long jump.The preparations for the event 3.____________ (make) weeks before，and everything was ready on time.During the event，games 4._______________ (play)，and prizes 5.______________ (give) to the winners.By the end of the day，all the activities 6.________________ (complete)，and everyone enjoyed the day.Next year，even more events 7._______________ (organize) to make it more exciting.
was held
were
done
had been made
were being played
were being given
had been completed
will be organized
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
Isaac Asimov was one of the world's most celebrated science fiction writers，having written or edited more than 500 books over his four-decade career.The 5020 Asimov Asteroid (行星)，the magazine Asimov's Science Fiction and two different Isaac Asimov Awards are all named in his honor.
Asimov was born in January，1920 in Russia.His family migrated to the United States when he was three years old.His parents owned a small general store and everyone in the family was expected to work in it.He saw science fiction magazines in the store and began reading them.Around the age of eleven，he began to write his own stories.
Apart from works of fiction，Asimov made an interesting prediction of our current world way back in 1964.In a New York Times article，he dared to divine the future of our world.Within it，he correctly predicted self-driving cars，video calling，widespread adoption of nuclear power and even household robots.He also divined that our societies of today would suffer from “the disease of boredom”.We might not be fully there yet，but this is a very real possibility if our lives become fully automated.
Asimov also thought we would be on our way to establishing human settlements on the moon.However，it'll likely take longer than that for any nation to establish a permanent lunar settlement.
Asimov died on April 6，1992.Ten years after his death，his second wife Janet Asimov's edition of Asimov's autobiography，It's Been a Good Life，came out.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了著名科幻作家艾萨克·阿西莫夫的生平、成就及其对未来的准确预测。
1.How is the second paragraph developed
A.By giving examples.
B.By analyzing causes.
C.By making comparisons.
D.By following the time order.
解析　D　推理判断题。该段落首先提到艾萨克·阿西莫夫的出生地和时间，接着讲述了他的家庭移民美国的情况，然后提到了他童年时期在家庭商店里接触科幻杂志并开始创作故事的经历。这一系列信息是按照时间顺序展开的。故选D。
2.What does the underlined word “divine” in paragraph 3 mean
A.Shape. B.Predict.
C.Ignore. D.Consider.
解析　B　词义猜测题。第三段整段都在讲述Asimov对未来世界的一些预测，画线单词divine的意思与“预测”相近。故选B。
3.Which of the following best describe Isaac Asimov
A.Selfless and creative.
B.Productive and insightful.
C.Doubtful and helpful.
D.Optimistic and generous.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据第一段中“Isaac Asimov...500 books over his four-decade career.”可知，艾萨克·阿西莫夫写了或编辑了超过500本书，这表明他非常“多产”。根据第三段中“Apart from works of fiction...in 1964.”可知，他在1964年就准确预测了现代世界的多个方面，显示出他具有“洞察力”，故选项B最能描述艾萨克·阿西莫夫。故选B。
4.Where can the text be found
A.In a magazine.
B.In a brochure.
C.In a guidebook.
D.In an autobiography.
解析　A　文章出处题。本文内容涉及艾萨克·阿西莫夫的生平、成就以及对未来世界的预测，这类主题通常出现在介绍人物或科技发展的杂志文章中。故选A。
B
A survey of 787 members of the Society of Authors (SoA) has found that a third of translators and a quarter of illustrators have lost work to generative (生成式的) artificial intelligence (AI) systems.Translators are also more likely to use AI to support their work，with 37% of those who were surveyed saying they have done so，followed by 25% of non-fiction writers.
The survey explores the experiences of those in creative careers with AI systems，and their views and concerns about the future impact on creative careers.The survey's participants include writers of fiction and non-fiction，playwriters and poets as well as journalists，illustrators and translators.
Only one in ten illustrators report having made use of AI systems in their work，compared to a fifth of fiction writers and a quarter of non-fiction writers.Meanwhile，around 3 in 10 illustrators and writers say that they have used generative AI to come up with ideas.
The survey also stresses the level of concern about the future impact of AI on creative work，with almost two-thirds of fiction writers and over half of non-fiction writers saying that they believe generative AI will impact their future income in a bad way.This concern is even more prevalent among translators and illustrators，with almost three-quarters from both groups worried about their future income because of AI.
The participants all think it necessary to make laws on generative AI when it comes to copyright holders' being asked for permission，credited and compensated (补偿).Commenting on the findings，the SoA has said that there is “an immediate need” for laws in terms of generative AI systems.
“No one expects generative AI to be uninvented，and we all know its potential to be a convenient and useful tool，” said Nicola Solomon，chairman of the Creators' Rights Alliance and the SoA chief executive.“But it is not too late to ensure that it is developed as well as used in a proper way，and generative AI must remain a tool to support and enhance human-made creative works，not a cheap replacement of them.”
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了英国作家协会(SoA)对成员进行的一项调查，探讨了生成式人工智能(AI)系统对创意职业的影响，包括翻译家、插画家、小说作者和非小说作者等职业群体对AI的使用情况、担忧以及对AI未来发展的看法。
5.Who uses AI least in their work according to the survey
A.Translators. B.Illustrators.
C.Fiction writers. D.Non-fiction writers.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Translators are also more likely...non-fiction writers.”和第三段“Only one in ten illustrators...and a quarter of non-fiction writers.”可知，插画家在工作中使用AI的比例最低，只有十分之一。故选B。
6.What does the underlined word “prevalent” in paragraph 4 mean
A.Common. B.Unacceptable.
C.Reasonable. D.Unnecessary.
解析　A　词义猜测题。根据上、下文可知，这种担忧在翻译家和插画家中更为普遍，由此可知，“prevalent”指的是“普遍的，常见的”。故选A。
7.What is the survey participants' general agreement
A.Getting paid by AI developers.
B.Managing the development of AI.
C.Stopping developing generative AI.
D.Collecting comments on generative AI.
解析　B　细节理解题。根据文章第五段“The participants...credited and compensated.”可知，参与者普遍认为有必要对生成式AI的发展进行管理，特别是在版权方面。故选B。
8.What does Nicola Solomon say about generative AI
A.It's still too early to realize its potential.
B.It should be limited to professional use.
C.It should be developed and used wisely.
D.It will be a powerful tool for creative works.
解析　C　推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“But it is not too late...not a cheap replacement of them.”可知，Nicola Solomon认为生成式AI应该被明智地开发和使用。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
On a small island，morning mist rolls down a hill， 1 passing ships of dangers beneath the waves.
Robot is 2 this lighthouse.He quickly connects to the lighthouse network， 3 that all satellite connections are functioning properly.Within seconds，he learns all the shipping plans for every 4 boat and flags one small boat that doesn't match the expected data.
Robot climbs to the observation deck to check on the 5 .Throughout the day，he performs 6 maintenance to keep the lighthouse in working order.
Robot prepares the lighthouse for another night.A storm is approaching，and with no moon or stars to guide them，his lighthouse will be crucial for the safety of 7 at sea.Suddenly，Robot wakes up before his 8 time.He learns that yesterday's unregistered boat is now stuck on the rocks.Without 9 ，Robot rushes to the boat，and discovers a man lying on the deck， 10 conscious (有意识的).Robot quickly carries him off the ship， -11 the best way to safety.As they enter the lighthouse，Robot is 12 that the man is conscious.
“I'm glad you're awake，” Robot says.The man replies，“Thank you.I apologize for my 13 arrival，but I'm unharmed.” “It's wonderful that you're well，” Robot responds.
“You are the perfect lighthouse keeper，” the man 14 a smile，promising to inform Robot if anything is wrong.
Robot is proud of his 15 ，returns to the charging station before powering down and gives himself full marks for the day.
[语篇解读]　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名叫Robot的机器人负责看守灯塔，与遇险船员的互动，展现了其职责与使命，同时也体现了机器人对职业的自豪感和责任感。
1.A.tiring B.suspecting
C.warning D.persuading
解析　C　根据上文 “morning mist rolls down a hill”以及常识可知，晨雾缭绕，视线受阻，会警示过往船只注意安全。故选C。
2.A.in honor of B.in support of
C.in need of D.in charge of
解析　D　根据下文“Throughout the day，he performs maintenance to keep the lighthouse in working order.”以及全文内容可知，这座灯塔是由机器人负责管理的。故选D。
3.A.estimating B.perceiving
C.ensuring D.predicting
解析　C　根据上文“He quickly connects to the lighthouse network”以及常理可知，机器人迅速接入灯塔网络是为了确保所有卫星连接都正常运行。故选C。
4.A.witnessed B.expanded
C.prohibited D.registered
解析　D　根据下文“one small boat that doesn't match the expected data”以及“He learns that yesterday's unregistered boat is now stuck on the rocks.”中的“unregistered”可知，机器人接入灯塔网络，了解了每艘注册船只的航行计划，并标记了一艘与预期数据不符的小船。故选D。
5.A.cottages B.surroundings
C.fountains D.missiles
解析　B　根据上文“Robot climbs to the observation deck”以及常理可知，机器人爬上瞭望台是为了观察周围的情况。故选B。
6.A.essential B.apparent
C.identical D.visible
解析　A　根据下文“to keep the lighthouse in working order”以及常理可知，机器人为了确保灯塔的正常运转会进行必要的维护工作。故选A。
7.A.politicians B.pirates
C.sailors D.journalists
解析　C　根据上文“A storm is approaching...be crucial for the safety”以及常理可知，在暴风雨的天气里，由于没有月光和星光，灯塔对于水手的安全来说非常重要。故选C。
8.A.occupied B.implied
C.advocated D.scheduled
解析　D　根据空前的“wakes up”以及机器人的工作原理可知，机器人在一切情况正常的时候都会按照程序工作。根据下文内容可知，有了突发状况。由此可知，机器人在预定时间之前醒来。故选D。
9.A.comparison B.barrier
C.competence D.hesitation
解析　D　根据下文“Robot rushes to the boat，and discovers a man lying on the deck”中的“rushes”可知，机器人发现突发情况后，毫不犹豫地冲向那艘船。故选D。
10.A.completely B.barely
C.slightly D.merely
解析　B　根据下文“As they enter the lighthouse，Robot is that the man is conscious.”可知，机器人发现这位男子的时候，这位男子几乎丧失意识。故选B。
11.A.approving B.subscribing
C.detecting D.clarifying
解析　C　根据下文“As they enter the lighthouse”以及常理可知，机器人发现男子后，会寻找通往安全地带的路线。故选C。
12.A.relieved B.annoyed
C.embarrassed D.depressed
解析　A　根据空后的“that the man is conscious.”以及下文“‘I'm glad you're awake，’Robot says.”可知，机器人看到男子恢复意识的时候感到宽慰和开心。故选A。
13.A.initial B.unexpected
C.potential D.dramatic
解析　B　根据上文“Within seconds，he learns all the shipping plans...doesn't match the expected data.”可知，这位男子的小船并没有登记注册，所以他的出现是意料之外的事情。故选B。
14.A.casts B.recalls
C.reveals D.defends
解析　A　根据上文内容可知，机器人救下了这位男子；再根据“The man replies，‘Thank you.I apologize for my arrival，but I'm unharmed.’”可知，男子对机器人充满感激。由此可知，这位男子向机器人投来微笑。故选A。
15.A.gesture B.career
C.characteristic D.component
解析　B　根据下文“gives himself full marks for the day.”可推测，机器人为自己的工作感到自豪。故选B。

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