资源简介

(共65张PPT)
复习长句
一、图解语法
二、观察感悟
阅读下面短文，感知加黑部分，并完成下面的练习。
①Her willpower bore fruit when Jennifer graduated from college and she was the first in her large family to earn a bachelor's degree.She grew up on a farm in a family of 10 children.②Her dad worked at a job away from the farm，and her mother ran the farm with the kids.③After high school，Jennifer attended a local technical college，working to pay her tuition，because there was no extra money set aside for a college education.④After graduation，she worked to help her sisters and brothers pay for their schooling，who were eager to go to school like other children.
[我的发现]
英语长句是指英语中的并列句、主从复合句和并列复合句。并列句是由并列连词连接的两个或多个句子，如___；主从复合句是指一个句子除了主句以外，还包含从句，如_____；并列复合句则是包含了并列句和从句的混合句，如___。
②
③④
①
英语长句是学生理解中的难点。英语长句之所以长，是因为含有较多较长的修饰成分，或是包含多个并列句或从句。
一、句子结构形式
按照句子的结构分类，英语的长句一般分为并列句、主从复合句和并列复合句。
1.并列句
并列句由两个或两个以上的分句并列而成，并列句大致分为三类：
(1)两个句子之间是顺承或者选择的关系
这类并列句多由连词 and，or，either...or...，neither...nor...，not only...but (also)...等连接，句子之间相互平行。
You can take the bus，or you can walk to school.
你可以坐公交车，或者你可以走路去学校。
She is not only a talented singer but also an excellent dancer.
她不仅是一位才华横溢的歌手，还是一位出色的舞者。
We will either visit the museum in the morning，or we can stay at home and rest.
我们要么早上去参观博物馆，要么待在家里休息。
(2)两个句子之间是转折或对比关系
由连词 but，yet，whereas，while等连接，表示转折或者对比关系。
Tom likes classical music，whereas his brother prefers rock.
汤姆喜欢古典音乐，而他的哥哥更喜欢摇滚音乐。
The weather was terrible，yet they decided to go for a hike.
天气很糟糕，但他们还是决定去远足。
(3)两个句子之间是因果关系
用连词 so连接的句子是因果关系。需要注意的是，because，since，as等表示原因时构成主从复合句，而不是并列句。
I missed the bus，so I had to walk to school.
我错过了公交车，所以我只好步行去学校。
2.主从复合句
通过引导词或者连接词构成从句，用来修饰主句成分或者作主句的某个成分，这样构成的句子结构为主从复合句。这种句式主要有三个类型：
(1)定语从句
定语从句用来修饰句中的名词或代词，常用引导词有that，which，who，whom，whose，when，where，why，as等。
The car which/that is parked outside belongs to my neighbor.
停在外面的那辆车是我邻居的。
The teacher who/that teaches mathematics is very strict.
教数学的那位老师非常严格。
The man whom you spoke to is my uncle.
你和他说话的那个人是我的叔叔。
The girl whose father is a doctor is my classmate.
父亲是医生的那个女孩是我的同学。
The time when we met was unforgettable.
我们相遇的那一刻令人难忘。
The city where I grew up is very beautiful.
我成长的那个城市非常美丽。
The reason why he was late is unknown.
他迟到的原因不明。
(2)状语从句
状语从句一般修饰其附着的句子主干的谓语动词。根据从句连接词的不同，可分为条件状语从句、时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、方式状语从句、让步状语从句、比较状语从句等。
Unless you hurry up，you will miss the bus.(条件状语)
除非你快点，否则你会错过公交车。
I will call you when I arrive at the airport.(时间状语)
我到达机场时会打电话给你。
You can put the books where you like.(地点状语)
你可以把书放在你喜欢的地方。
He didn't come to the party because he was feeling sick.(原因状语)
他没来参加聚会，因为他感觉不舒服。
He worked hard so that he could pass the exam.(目的状语)
为了通过考试，他努力学习。
It was raining heavily，so that the streets were flooded.(结果状语)
雨下得很大，以至于街道被淹没了。
Although it was raining，he went for a walk.(让步状语)
尽管下着雨，他还是去散步了。
She is taller than her brother.(比较状语)
她比她哥哥高。
(3)名词性从句
名词性从句不是用来修饰某个句子成分，而是作主句的一个成分。根据从句所作的成分，一般分为四类名词性从句：主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句。
Whether she will come is not certain.(主语从句)
她是否会来还不确定。
I don't know where she went.(宾语从句)
我不知道她去了哪里。
My suggestion is that we should leave early.(表语从句)
我建议我们应该早点离开。
The fact that he is late surprised everyone.(同位语从句)
他迟到这一事实让大家都很吃惊。
3.并列复合句
当一个句子里包含多种关系，既有并列关系，又有主从关系，就是并列复合句。
Even if you didn't win，at least you gave your best effort，and that makes you stronger for next time.
即使你没有赢，但至少你尽了最大的努力，这会让你在下次变得更强。
The study plans are also tailored to your current skills and interests, but you can explore more advanced subjects as well，which is very beneficial for college students.
这些学习计划也是根据你当前的技能和兴趣量身定制的，但你也可以探索更高级的学科，这对大学生非常有益。
[即时演练1]　分析下列句子结构/完成句子
①I will call you when I arrive，but I might be late due to the traffic.
分析：本句为__________。连词“but”____ 两个分句，表示转折关系；when在第一分句中引导了____状语从句。
②I don't know where he is going，and I have no idea when he will return.
分析：本句为___________。连词“and”_____ 两个分句，表示顺承关系；where在第一分句中引导了____从句。
③问题是这部电影是否值得看。
The question is___________________________.(表语从句)
并列复合句
并列
时间
并列复合句
并列
宾语
whether the film is worth seeing
④只要你坚持尝试就一定会成功。
You will certainly succeed ________________________.(表条件)
⑤你昨天借给我的那本书很有意思。
The book ____________________________ is interesting.(定语从句)
so long as you keep on trying
(which/that) you lent me yesterday
二、长句分析方法
长句分析一般从两个角度进行，一个是句子结构层次分析，一个是语义逻辑分析。
1.句子结构分析
理解长句的基础是厘清句子的结构层次，这需要学习者熟悉了解英语的基本句型，在此基础上抓住长句子的主干，即句子的主语和谓语，然后再逐层梳理分析长句中其他成分的层次关系。如：
Perhaps the best sign of how computer and the Internet use pushes up demand for paper comes from the high-tech industry itself，which sees printing as one of its most promising new markets.
或许，表明电脑及互联网的使用如何推高纸张需求的最好迹象源于高科技产业本身，印刷业被高科技产业认为是其最有前景的新市场之一。
分析：本句为主从复合句。句子主干为the best sign comes from the high-tech industry itself；of how...for paper为介宾结构作sign的定语，其中how引导宾语从句作介词of的宾语；which sees printing as one of its most promising new markets是关系代词which引导的定语从句，修饰先行词the high-tech industry。
It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet-connected computers，although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when email is introduced，the printers start working overtime.
计算因为使用联网计算机而造成的纸张使用量是很难的，虽然几乎任何在办公室工作的人都能告诉你，当引进电子邮件后，打印机就开始超时工作。
分析：本句为复合句，句中although引导让步状语从句，who works in an office引导定语从句，修饰先行词anyone；that...start working overtime是that引导的宾语从句，而此从句本身中含有when email is introduced这一时间状语从句。
2.语义逻辑分析
在厘清句子层次结构的基础之上，还要把握句子内部逻辑意义的关联，这主要表现在对代词指代和逻辑副词的理解上。如：
The experts will make sure that the koalas selected for each session are in a good state for human contact and that they are handled for only a limited time and on a limited frequency of occasions.
专家们会确保每次挑选出来的考拉状态良好、适合与人接触，并且它们与人类接触的时长和频率也有限制。
分析：从结构层次来看，该句的主干是一个主谓宾结构(The experts will make sure that)，第一个and连接两个that引导的宾语从句；从代词指代来看，句中的they指代the koalas。
[即时演练2]　分析并翻译下列长句
①Some people know what they want to do from a young age，but many others just have a few ideas bouncing around in their heads.
分析：本句是由转折连词____连接的__________句，表达前后两种情况的对比。前面分句是主从复合句，主干是“主谓宾”结构，其中含有 _____引导的宾语从句；后面分句是简单句，也是“主谓宾”结构，其中非谓语动词短语“bouncing around in their heads”修饰宾语ideas。
翻译：__________________________________________________________________
__________
but
并列复合
what
有的人年轻时就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在脑子里晃来晃去。
②But by any criteria this work is worth it to us as well，because it shows that we are global citizens interested in world stability，and that we feel responsible for others and are ready to build a community with a shared future for mankind.
分析：本句是主从____句。第一层，主句的主干为“主系表”结构，because后面直到句尾是一个“主谓宾”结构的____状语从句，用来说明“这项工作很有意义”的理由。第二层，原因状语从句内部包含两个由that引导的____从句，作shows的宾语。第三层，两个that引导的宾语从句是and连接的_____关系，也都是“主系表”结构。
翻译：__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
复合
原因
宾语
并列
但以任何标准来看，这项工作对我们都是值得的；因为它表明我们是关注世界稳定的全球公民，并且我们对他人负有责任，我们为建立人类命运共同体做好了准备。
1.accuse vt.控告；控诉；谴责
[教材原句]　There was a huge debate about whether the reporter should be accused of spying on the star couple.关于该记者是否应该被指控监视这对明星夫妇，存在着巨大的争论。
(1)accuse sb of (doing) sth　　　　　 控告/指责某人(做了某事)
(同义结构：charge sb with...)
be accused of 被控告……
(2)the accused 被告
[即时训练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①Accused ___ breaking her mother's favorite vase，the girl stood there，her head hung in shame.
②The ________ (accuse) looked nervous as he sat in the dock，his eyes constantly shifting between the judge and the jury.
③莎拉指责她的哥哥弄坏了她最喜欢的玩具，但她内心深处并不确定是不是他做的。
→Sarah ________________________________________，but deep down，she wasn't sure if he was really the one who did it.(accuse)
→Sarah _________________________________________，but deep down，she wasn't sure if he was really the one who did it.(charge)
of
accused
accused her brother of breaking her favorite toy
charged her brother with breaking her favorite toy
[写作积累]　John felt deeply upset when he was accused of breaking the vase，because he hadn't done it.(读后续写之心理描写)约翰在被指责打破花瓶时感到非常难过，因为他并没有做这件事。
2.greedy adj.贪婪的；贪心的
[教材原句]　Different people might have different opinions about this，but wouldn't it be kind of greedy to focus on money and fame rather than on something more meaningful？不同的人对此可能有不同的看法，但关注金钱和名望而不关注更有意义的事情，难道不是有点贪婪吗？
be greedy for sth　　 对某事(物)贪婪/渴望
be greedy to do sth 渴望做某事
[即时训练]　单句语法填空/完成句子
①He was greedy ________ (finish)the book because the story was so exciting.
②Sam was a ______ (greed) and selfish man，because he never hesitated to cheat others to earn money.
③我急切地给你写信，因为我渴望通过这项活动提高我的英语水平。
I am writing to you eagerly because I __________________________________________
through the activity.
[写作积累]　It dawned on me that we should remember not to be greedy.(读后续写之主旨升华)我突然意识到，我们应该记住不要贪心。
to finish
greedy
am greedy for the chance to improve my English
3.come to a/the conclusion得出结论
[教材原句]　So I come to the conclusion that if you want a great career，you need to commit yourself to something meaningful.所以我得出结论：如果你想成就一番伟大的事业，就需要致力于一些有意义的事情。
(1)come to/draw/reach/arrive at a/the conclusion
得出结论
in conclusion＝to conclude 最后；总之
(2)conclude v. 断定；推断出；得出结论；(使)结束，终止
conclude from sth that 从某事中得出结论
[即时训练]　单句语法填空/一句多译
①__ conclusion，walking is a cheap，safe，enjoyable，and readily available form of exercise.
②After countless discussions，I finally came to a _________(conclude) that we couldn't sign the contract.
③我从我自己的经历中得出结论：用自己的双手劳动是很重要的。
→________________________________ that it is important to work with our own hands.(conclude)
→___________________________________________________ that it is important to work with our own hands.(conclusion)
In
conclusion
I concluded from my own experiences
I came to/reached/drew a conclusion from my own experiences
[写作积累]　After much discussion，we finally came to a conclusion about where to go for our class trip.(应用文写作之活动介绍)经过多次讨论，我们终于得出了班级旅行去哪里的结论。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1.She couldn't decide ____ to invite to the party.
2.The house，_____ was painted blue，stood out among the other buildings.
3.She wondered ________ he would show up to the meeting or not.
4.She promised to support him no matter _____ decision he made.
5.Is he still there ___ has he gone away
(满分：86分)
who
which
whether
what
or
6.Not only has the poor man been arrested，___ he has been put in prison.
7.I have two sisters，____ are doctors.
8.The policeman looked at me suspiciously，___ he said nothing.
9._______ he comes or not doesn't make any difference to me.
10.________ she is young，she has a lot of experience.
but
who
but
Whether
Although
Ⅱ.语法与写作(每小题3分，共12分)
1.他才学英语一年，但已经能用英文跟人交流了。
He has learned English for only one year，_______________________________ in English.(用yet表转折)
2.尽管尽了最大的努力，但他仍无法揭开那个一直潜伏在阴影中的神秘人的真实身份。
Despite his best efforts，he was unable to uncover the true identity of the mysterious figure _______________________________.(限制性定语从句)
yet he can communicate with people
who had been hidden in the shadows
3.她问我是否能帮她做作业，因为那些数学题太难了。
She asked ________________________________ because the math problems were too difficult.(宾语从句)
4.她在睡觉之前有读书的习惯。
She had the habit of reading a book ___________________.(时间状语从句)
if I could help her with her homework
before she went to bed
Ⅲ.语法与语篇(每小题1.5分，共9分)
阅读下面短文，根据汉语提示用从句填空。
1.__________________________ (他为社区所做的事情) was truly inspiring.He organized a charity event 2.______________________________________ (这场活动为需要帮助的人筹集了很多钱).I asked him 3._____________________________ (他是否在活动后感到疲倦)，but he said he felt happy 4._________________________ (因为他帮助了别人).Who wouldn't feel proud of such an achievement The fact 5.__________
_________________________ (他能把这么多人聚集在一起) shows how powerful teamwork can be.I believe 6.______________________________________________ (他所做的事情会鼓励其他人也去帮助别人)，and make the world a better place.
What he did for his community
which raised a lot of money for those in need
whether he was tired after the event
because he had helped others
that he could
bring so many people together
what he did will encourage others to help others as well
Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，共20分)
A
“It was written in some sense，” Sophie Blake，a physics professor，would end up in observational cosmology—the study of the origin and development of the universe using specialized telescopes.“I'm not going to lie.My father was a physicist.My mother was an astronomer.But no kid wants to be like their parents，” she jokes，semi-seriously.
Blake always enjoyed building things like a child engineer.It wasn't unusual for her to experiment with her father's research equipment.She thanks，in part，her short attention period for her inquisitiveness，“I am always looking for something.”
For the last few years，Blake has been searching for signs of the universe's early existence—from the birth of the first star to the “cosmic (宇宙的) dark ages”—and she's building her own equipment to explore beyond the known universe，focusing on its distant past with novel radio technology.Since 2017，Blake and her team have been engineering and planting radio telescopes in two of the Earth's most remote (and quietest) locations for the best shot at hearing the earliest voice of the universe.
Initially，Blake planned a PhD in particle (粒子) physics but switched direction after a visit to a lab with messy equipment and tools everywhere at the California Institute of Technology.“I didn't know about observational cosmology then but thought，‘Whatever this is，I want to do that.’”
She spent a year at the Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station，after conducting experiments of a balloon-borne microwave telescope launched from McMurdo.“That really inspired my love for remote places，” she said.
Eventually，she wanted to engineer her own instruments.After her year at the South Pole，she joined the University of KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.At that time，the site decision was made for the largest radio telescope group on Earth.
“This was also a leap of faith because I really couldn't continue the work I was doing before，” Blake recalls.“I had never done radio before，but I thought，‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’”
[语篇解读]　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了 Sophie Blake 改变研究方向——从粒子物理学转向宇宙观测学的经历，以及她在该领域所做的相关研究工作。
1.What can we infer from Blake's joke in paragraph 1
A.She follows in her parents' footsteps.
B.She develops an interest in telescopes.
C.She lies about her parents' professions.
D.She lives up to her parents' expectations.
解析　A　推理判断题。根据第一段的内容可知，Blake最终还是继承了父母的事业，成为宇宙学家。故选A。
2.What does the underlined word “inquisitiveness” in paragraph 2 mean
A.Talent. B.Courage.
C.Curiosity. D.Intelligence.
解析　C　词义猜测题。根据画线词下文“I am always looking for something.”可知，她总是在寻找一些东西，说明她充满好奇心，故画线词意为“好奇心”。故选C。
3.What stimulated Blake's passion for distant places
A.Her visit to a lab in a university.
B.Her wish to build her own equipment.
C.Her faith in hearing the cosmic sound.
D.Her experience at a South Pole Station.
解析　D　细节理解题。根据第五段的内容可知，在南极站的经历激发了Blake对远方的热情。故选D。
4.Which of the following best describe Blake
A.Confident and caring.
B.Generous and optimistic.
C.Modest and open-minded.
D.Adventurous and determined.
解析　D　推理判断题。根据第四段中的“I didn't know about observational cosmology then but thought，‘Whatever this is，I want to do that.’”可知，Blake 是一个坚决果断的人；根据最后一段中的“I had never done radio before，but I thought，‘Let me give this a try and see how it goes.’”可知，她还是一个有冒险精神、敢于尝试新鲜事物的人。故选D。
B
Sarah，a friend about my age，is tremendously successful on Wall Street and is highly respected.But she wasn't very happy and hadn't been happy for many years.She had few real friends.She worked incredibly long hours and felt physically exhausted a lot of the time.You would think the solution to her unhappiness was obvious.But when I offered it to her，her reply，after some consideration，was astonishing.
“Maybe I would prefer to be special rather than happy.”
She explained，“Anyone can do the things it takes to be happy—go on vacation，spend time with friends and family...but not everyone can accomplish great things.”
That's when it struck me：people who choose being special over happy are addicts.She was addicted—to work and，underneath that，to success.Maybe that sounds strange to you.You can picture a person desperately hooked on booze，but probably don't picture someone who is successful and persistent.However，according to the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD)，the likelihood of drinking rises with education level and socioeconomic status.But the worst addiction I have seen is workaholism.This term was coined by the psychologist Wayne Oates in 1971 for someone who has “the compulsion (强迫) or the uncontrollable need to work continuously”.
They are caught in a vicious cycle：they become successful by working more than others—and thus more than “necessary”—but believe they have to keep up that pace to maintain their productivity.The rewards of that productivity give way to a fear of falling behind as the drive to keep running.Soon enough，the work crowds out relationships and outside activities.With little else，work is all that is left to the workaholic，reinforcing (强化) the cycle.
Maybe you can relate to this.I can.We need to get to the bottom of these problems—workaholism and success addiction—these lead us to our unavoidable professional destruction.But more importantly，we need to escape them so we can make the jump to new success.
[语篇解读]　本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工作狂的生活、工作和心理状态，以及对自身的影响。
5.What would possibly be the solution that the author offered to Sarah
A.Set up your own company!
B.Try to become more outgoing!
C.Seek help from professionals!
D.Work less and enjoy your life!
解析　D　推理判断题。根据第一段中“She worked incredibly long hours and felt physically exhausted a lot of the time.”可知，工作的时间过长导致Sarah不快乐，再根据常识，作者可能提供的解决方案是少工作，享受生活！故选D。
6.What was Sarah's real problem
A.She was fed up with working with workaholics.
B.She wasted too much time on unnecessary work.
C.She drank more booze than it was healthy for her.
D.She couldn't stop working and she didn't want to.
解析　D　推理判断题。根据第二段的内容和第四段中“She was addicted—to work and，underneath that，to success.”可知，Sarah真正的问题是她不能停止工作，她也不想停止。故选D。
7.What does the underlined word “coined” in paragraph 4 most probably mean
A.Discovered. B.Invented.
C.Supplied. D.Recognised.
解析　B　词义猜测题。根据第四段中画线词所在句可知，这个词由心理学家Wayne Oates在1971年首次提出，即他创造了这个词。故选B。
8.What would be the result of workaholism according to the author
A.Professional success and reputation.
B.Endless working，fear and loneliness.
C.Intense relationships with colleagues.
D.Enormous enthusiasm to get on in life.
解析　B　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中“The rewards of that productivity...reinforcing the cycle.”可知，工作狂的生活方式会产生无尽的工作、恐惧和孤独。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空(每小题1分，共15分)
Careers in science are generally believed to be too complex for students who aren't talented or clever enough，but Scott Kelly，commander of the International Space Station，would prove it's wrong.
As a kid，he was absent-minded and 1 in science and all other subjects as well.He couldn't 2 what the teachers said in class.Therefore，he earned terrible grades and 3 graduated from high school，and he even thought he would never 4 his dreams.
That all 5 when he picked up the film The Right Stuff，Tom Wolfe's classic account of the pioneering Americans who first explored space. 6 ，he was determined to be an astronaut，which meant doing well in 7 class.So from that day on，he 8 his mind to do well in it.
After so many years of daydreaming，it wouldn't be 9 .But he started regarding study as a game.The more he 10 his study skills，the better grades he got.Eventually，it became a(n) 11 with himself to see how good he could get.Then the former 12 started getting straight A's in science，which is 13 for those who want to be an astronaut.
So we need to stop 14 the statement that science is just too hard.Everyone can learn this stuff—he just needs to be 15 to do the work.
[语篇解读]　 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Scott Kelly下定决心成为宇航员，努力学习科学并最终成绩优异的故事。该故事告诉我们，只要愿意付出，就会成功。
1.A.severe B.uninterested
C.engaged D.experienced
解析　B　根据上文“absent-minded”可知，空处需用形容词 uninterested，指他心不在焉，对科学和其他所有科目都不感兴趣。故选B。
2.A.hold on B.bank on
C.focus on D.look into
解析　C　hold on坚持，抓住；bank on指望，依靠；focus on聚焦于，专注于；look into调查。根据下文“Therefore，he earned terrible grades”可知，因为他上课不集中注意力听老师讲课，所以成绩糟糕。故选C。
3.A.barely B.nearly
C.easily D.successfully
解析　A　根据上文“Therefore，he earned terrible grades”可知，因为成绩差，所以他差一点没有毕业。故选A。
4.A.abandon B.acknowledge
C.transform D.achieve
解析　D　根据下文“his dreams”可知，因为成绩差，他甚至认为他无法实现自己的梦想。故选D。
5.A.finished B.changed
C.occurred D.suspected
解析　B　根据下文“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知，他决心成为宇航员，由此可知，一切都发生了改变。故选B。
6.A.Inspired B.Depressed
C.Satisfied D.Shocked
解析　A　根据空后“he was determined to be an astronaut”可知，他受到电影的鼓舞，才会决心成为宇航员。故选A。
7.A.statistic B.science
C.geography D.chemistry
解析　B　根据语境并结合常识可知，因为想要成为宇航员，所以此处表示他要在科学课上表现出色。故选B。
8.A.put up B.passed up
C.made up D.weighed up
解析　C　因为想要成为宇航员，所以此处表示他决心学好科学；make up one's mind to do sth“下定决心做某事”为固定搭配。故选C。
9.A.substantial B.difficult
C.complex D.easy
解析　D　根据上文“After so many years of daydreaming”可知，因为这么多年都在做白日梦，所以实现梦想不易。故选D。
10.A.practiced B.rejected
C.arranged D.exchanged
解析　A　根据空后“his study skills，the better grades he got.”可知，此处指学习技能练习得越多，他的成绩就越好。故选A。
11.A.principle B.agreement
C.guidance D.competition
解析　D　根据空后“with himself to see how good he could get.”可知，此处指他开始和自己竞争，看自己能做得多好。故选D。
12.A.astronaut B.scientist
C.daydreamer D.pioneer
解析　C　根据上文“After so many years of daydreaming”可知，因为总是做白日梦，所以他以前是一个白日梦者。故选C。
13.A.essential B.superior
C.convenient D.worthy
解析　A　根据常识和空前“getting straight A's in science”可知，科学成绩 A 是成为宇航员必不可少的一项。故选A。
14.A.correcting B.involving
C.furthering D.cooperating
解析　C　根据下文“Everyone can learn this stuff”可知，每个人都可以学习科学，所以不要再强调科学太难了。故选C。
15.A.ashamed B.willing
C.optimistic D.outstanding
解析　B　根据上文“Everyone can learn this stuff”可知，只要大家愿意付出努力，每个人都可以学好科学。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空(每小题1.5分，共15分)
Twenty-five years ago，most young British people wanted a career in law，to be a doctor，or to take up singing.But today，things stand 1. (different).
According to a recent survey，the “dream job” of young people aged between 16 and 25 in the UK is to be a video blogger，or“vlogger (视频博主)”.The survey，2. (carry) out among 1，002 people，found that over 40% of them put vlogger as their number one choice on a list of dream 3. (career).
The change is largely due to the rapid development of information technology (IT).The Internet and social media have made it easier and 4. (convenience) to reach a global audience，without having to enter a career in show business in the traditional way.
“In the past，the biggest stars 5. (make) by the Hollywood studios；now，anyone with a computer camera may become a star，” said Phil Samuels，6. expert from the UK.“From fashion 7. comedy，these self-made stars interact (互动) online with their fans about everyday life.”
However，what people see 8. (be) only the bright side of being a vlogger and they ignore the fact that only those who are successful can gain fame and fortune.Actually，for every success there are a hundred others 9. never get off the starting block.This is why some young people still show 10. (prefer) for traditional jobs.
[语篇解读]　　本文是一篇说明文。文章对现在英国年轻人的职业倾向的改变进行了分析和介绍。
1.differently　考查副词。空处在句中修饰谓语动词stand，因此需用different的副词形式。
2.carried　考查非谓语动词。carried out among 1，002 people是过去分词短语在句中作定语，修饰The survey，分词动作carry out与其逻辑主语The survey之间是被动关系。
3.careers　考查名词的单复数。a list of后接可数名词时，名词需用复数形式。
4.more convenient　考查比较级。空处在句中作宾语补足语，需用convenience的形容词形式。另外，空前单词easier有提示，此处应填形容词的比较级形式。
5.were made　考查动词的时态和语态。主语stars是谓语动词动作make的承受者，需用被动语态；时间状语In the past与一般过去时连用，又因为主语为复数，故填were made。
6.an　考查冠词。Phil Samuels是一位英国专家，expert的发音以元音音素开头，故填an。
7.to　考查介词。from...to...是习惯搭配。
8.is　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。这里说的是一般性道理，用一般现在时；主语从句what people see是单数概念，谓语动词用单数。
9.who/that　考查定语从句。关系代词who/that指代先行词a hundred others，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。
10.preference　考查名词。空处在句中作show的宾语，需用prefer的名词形式。

展开更多......

收起↑