资源简介

(共4张PPT)
UNIT 4　SPACE EXPLORATION
Keep your eyes on the stars， and your feet on the ground.
—Theodore Roosevelt
仰望星空，脚踏实地。
——西奥多·罗斯福
The Earth is the cradle of humanity， but mankind cannot stay in the
cradle forever.
—Konstantin Tsiolkovsky
地球是人类的摇篮，但人类不可能永远待在摇篮里。
——康斯坦丁·齐奥尔科夫斯基
We are limited only by our
imagination and our will to act. —Ron Garan 限制我们的只有我们的想象力和
行动的意志。 ——罗恩·加兰 That’s one small step for [a]
man， one giant leap for mankind.
—Neil Armstrong
对一个人来说，这是一小步；对
人类来说，这是一大步。
——尼尔·阿姆斯特朗
⑦
米等
双语名言
倾听英文好声音感悟人生正能量
Great quotes with positive energy(共17张PPT)
单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 ◇自我评价
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　 一、核心单词写对
1. n.宇航员；太空人
2. n.火箭；火箭弹
3. n.边境；国界；边远地区
4. n.交通工具；车辆
5. n.人造卫星；卫星
6. n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围vt.& vi.
沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
7. n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处
8. n.[pl.] 资料；数据
astronaut　
rocket　
frontier　
vehicle　
satellite　
orbit　
agency　
data　
9. vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮vt.使浮动；使漂流
10. prep.在更远处；超出
11. adj.当前的；现在的
n.水流；电流；思潮
float　
beyond　
current　
12. adj.足够的；充足的
13. n.毛巾；抹布
sufficient　
towel　
14. n.纸巾；（人、动植物细胞的）组织
15. n.设施；设备
16. adj.肤浅的；浅的
17. n.模式；图案；模范
18. n.监视器；监测仪
vt.监视；监测；监控
tissue　
facility　
shallow　
pattern　
monitor　
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1. Yuan Longping has made such a great contribution to
（人类） that he is respected and admired by people all over the
world.
2. I paid a visit to Russia which is rich in natural （资源）
and the travel enriched my view.
3. What excited me most was that I experienced the force of
（重力） first hand in the science museum.
mankind　
resources　
gravity　
4. A suggestion has been come up with that we should （回收
利用） the textbooks.
5. What’s the （手续） for opening a bank account？
6. The advanced technology provides a new method for us to explore the
u .
7. Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a
l of exercise.
8. He always a great importance to taking part in diverse after-
class activities.
recycle　
procedure　
niverse　
ack　
ttaches　
9. Our school has l a campaign to arouse our interest in ancient
Chinese poetry.
10. He stood up， s to the officers that he had finished his
task.
11. As you’re k on traditional Chinese culture， I’m writing to
invite you to the cultural festival.
aunched　
ignal（l）ing　
een　
二、拓展词汇用活
1. n.宇宙；天地万物→universal adj.宇宙的；通用的
2. adj.独立的；自立的→independently adv.独立地；
自立地→independence n.独立；自立→depend vi.依靠
3. n.（对事物的）分析；分析结果→analyse v.分析
4. adj.定期的；经常的；正常的→regularly adv.经常；定
期地→irregular adj.无规律的；不定期的
5. adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限的→limit vt.& n.限制
6. adj.结尾的；结束的 n.停业；关闭；倒闭→close vt.关
闭adj.近的；亲密的→closely adv.仔细地；严密地
7. n.神秘事物；谜→mysterious adj.神秘的
universe　
independent　
analysis　
regular　
limited　
closing　
mystery　
Ⅱ.用所给词的适当形式填空
1. These scientists have the to create the
newest equipment.（intelligence）
2. In my opinion， punishment is not a wise choice to help children grow
up （mental） and physically.
3. ①It was my （determine） and desire for
knowledge that made me succeed at last.
②A （determine） person always tries to finish the
job， no matter how hard it is.
③It is your attitude towards failure that （determine）
whether you will achieve success or not.
intelligent　
intelligence　
mentally　
determination　
determined　
determines　
4. The astronaut was at the result，
but he tried to hide his .（disappoint）
5. Now that we are all part of the （globe） village，
everyone becomes a neighbour.
6. There was a heated about whether he was suitable for the
position， and most of the people for him.（argue）
disappointed　
disappointing　
disappointment　
global　
argument　
argued　
三、重点短语用准
1. 　在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
2. 　继续做，坚持干
3. 　抱着……的希望
4. 　集中于
5. 　为了；以便
6. 　弄懂；弄清楚；弄明白
7. 　导致；造成
8. 　所以；结果（是）
9. 　提供生活所需
10. 　最后
11. 　用完；耗尽
on board　
carry on　
in the hope of doing sth　
focus on　
so as to （do sth）　
figure out　
result in　
as a result　
provide for sb　
in closing　
run out　
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1. My laziness has my current terrible situation.
2. He was determined to work hard achieve his initial goal.
3. Last month， I was busy preparing for the final examination
performing well.
4. Why not study at medical college like Lin Qiaozhi and
your super work？
5. ， I would like to remind you that each person has a gift
and a purpose in life.
resulted in　
so as to　
in the
hope of　
carry on　
In closing　
6. The pilot asked all the passengers to remain seated as the
plane was making a landing.
7. We have much difficulty the global population of polar
bears.
on board　
figuring out　
四、经典句式写美
1. 句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语
教材原句：Afterwards， the USSR focused on sending people into
space， and on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person
in the world to enter space.
2. 句型公式：动词-ing短语作主语
教材原句：Firstly， exploring space has already made a difference in
the fight against world hunger.
3. 句型公式：be＋形容词＋to do
教材原句：It is necessary to find a new home for people in space， as
the resources on Earth will run out.
4. 句型公式：倍数表达法
教材原句：Olympus Mons， the largest volcano on Mars， is about
twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1. I can speak fluent English and I am
.
我能说一口流利的英语，我是班上第一个出国深造的学生。
2. As a matter of fact， is protecting
ourselves.
事实上，保护野生动物就是保护我们自己。
3. He has many friends because he .
他有很多朋友，因为他容易相处。
4. This tree is that one.
这棵树是那棵树的三倍高。
the first student in my class to go
abroad for further study　
protecting wild animals/wildlife　
is easy to get along/on with　
three times as tall as　(共89张PPT)
单元质量检测（四）
SPACE EXPLORATION
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C
三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来
回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Who is probably at college？（　　）
A. Liza. B. Peter. C. Grace.
2. How does the man feel now？（　　）
A. Cheerful. B. Unhappy. C. Afraid.
3. What does the woman want to learn next year？（　　）
A. Math. B. Science. C. Law.
4. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A. Professor and student.
B. Boss and secretary.
C. Manager and applicant.
5. What is the weather like in the man’s hometown？（　　）
A. Warm. B. Comfortable. C. Wet.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. When does the man want to receive the sofa？（　　）
A. This weekend.
B. Next Wednesday.
C. Next weekend.
7. Where might the woman work？（　　）
A. At an express shipping company.
B. In a customer service centre.
C. In a furniture repair store.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What will the man do to keep dry？（　　）
A. Use an umbrella.
B. Put a newspaper over his head.
C. Put on a raincoat.
9. Where are the speakers？（　　）
A. In California.
B. In Arizona.
C. In Oregon.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What did the woman do？（　　）
A. An editor. B. A reporter. C. A teacher.
11. Why did the woman change her job？（　　）
A. She didn’t get a high salary.
B. Her workplace was too far from her new house.
C. She wanted to work in her husband’s company.
12. Where is the man moving to？（　　）
A. England. B. America. C. Finland.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Who has a piano class？（　　）
A. David. B. Julia. C. Alice.
14. Why does Julia make the phone call？（　　）
A. To ask about the fashion show at the fair.
B. To invite the man’s sister to the fair.
C. To offer information about the fair.
15. When are Julia and Macy going to the fair？（　　）
A. October 18th.
B. October 20th.
C. October 22nd.
16. What is the fair intended for？（　　）
A. Charity.
B. Friendship.
C. Entertainment.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What do we know about Walmart’s monthly sales in April？（　　）
A. They dropped suddenly.
B. They decreased slightly.
C. They reached the bottom.
18. How much was the decline of the sales？（　　）
A. 5%. B. 2%. C. 3%.
19. What was to blame for the sales drop according to Walmart？（　　）
A. An optimistic forecast.
B. The modest goal.
C. Bad weather.
20. What does the company think of the decrease？（　　）
A. It’s unexpected.
B. It’s steady.
C. It’s slow.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
W：Hello？
M：Hi， Liza.It’s Peter.Is Grace there？
W：Oh， hi， Peter.No， she isn’t here at the moment.I’m afraid
she’s at college this morning.Can I take a message？
（Text 2）
W：What’s the matter？You were really cheerful this morning but now
you look rather upset.
M：I’m not very happy because I lost my wallet just now.I’m afraid I
can’t find it.
（Text 3）
M：Mariam， tell us something about your life.
W：Well， I go to a private school.I’m studying four courses — math
and three sciences.I want to go to university next year and study law.
（Text 4）
M：Susan， we’re going to hold a general meeting tomorrow at 7
a.m.You need to prepare the reports and make them in PowerPoint.
W：No problem， sir.I will be ready for that.
M：Remember to inform the managers to join the meeting.
W：Sure.
（Text 5）
W：How is the weather in your hometown？
M：Well， it’s not cold at all.It’s not exactly warm but it’s
comfortable.While we were at your place， it rained a lot.
（Text 6）
W：Hello， you have reached the Furniture Warehouse.How can I help
you？
M：Hello， yes.I need to schedule a delivery of a sofa for next week.I
ordered it online yesterday， but I won’t be home this weekend to
receive it.
W：That’s no problem， sir.What day next week would be best for
you？
M：How about Wednesday？
W：Okay， Wednesday.Wednesday is July 25， right？
M：Yes， I believe so.
W：Great.Our team can deliver the sofa sometime between 9：00
a.m.and 3：00 p.m.
M：Wow， can you be more specific？I’m not going to be home all
day， just in the morning.
W：Oh， I see.Well， I will make sure they arrive before noon.
M：Okay， thank you.
（Text 7）
M：It’s raining outside.Do you have an umbrella I can borrow？
W：No， I don’t.Don’t you have a raincoat？
M：I left it at home.I’m not used to the rain.I’ve lived in Arizona my
whole life， and it barely rains there.
W：Well， now you’re in Oregon， so you’d better get used to it！
M：That’s for sure.It’s been raining here for two weeks straight！I
guess I’ll just put The New York Times over my head and make a mad
dash for my car.
W：It’s actually supposed to finally stop raining in a few days.I’m
excited to be able to walk down the street without getting soaked.
（Text 8）
W：Hey， Tom， what are you doing here？
M：I come to put an advertisement in the newspaper.But what are you
doing here， Susan？
W：I work here now.
M：Really？Why did you give up your teaching job in the English
training centre？Didn’t you get a high salary？
W：My husband changed his job， and it took him a long time to get to
the new office， so we moved.But it was a long distance from where I
worked， so I decided to find a new job.
M：Oh， I see.
W：What kind of advertisement do you want to put in the newspaper？
M：I want to sell my house， as my wife wants me to move to
England.She doesn’t want to live in America.
W：In that case， it might be hard to see you again.
M：I guess so.
（Text 9）
M：David speaking.
W：Hi.This is Julia.Is Alice there？
M：No.My sister is out.
W：Oh， it’s five fifteen.
M：She is out.Her piano class starts at six.
W：She must have gone to her class.Please ask her if she has time this
Sunday.Macy and I are going to a fair.It aims to raise money for a
children’s hospital.
M：OK. Today is the 18th of October， so this Sunday will be the 22nd
of October.Would you like to leave her more information about the fair？
W：Yeah， please tell her the admission fee is twenty dollars.We can eat
snacks， do crafts and play games.We can also watch a fashion
show.Please ask if she’s interested in it.
M：OK. When will you meet her？
W：The fair opens at ten thirty and closes at five in the afternoon.We
want to be there fifteen minutes before the fair opens.
M：All right.I’ll let her know when she gets back.Bye.
（Text 10）
M：Here is the news from Dallas.
Walmart posted its worst monthly sales results in history， declaring a
large decrease in April.
Monthly sales measure sales gains or losses at stores open for at least a
year.They are an obvious sign of the returns a supermarket earns， and
thus an influence on the amount of profit it makes.Most US supermarkets
are reporting their April results on Thursday.
Walmart’s 5% drop in the four-week period fell below its earlier forecast
of “flat” sales of a 2% to 3% decrease.In a recorded phone message
Thursday， Walmart blamed bad weather last month in most US areas.
Walmart’s chief financial officer warned a month ago that the
company’s earlier goal of earnings for its latest quarter would be “a
challenge” to achieve， considering what the company foresaw as a
difficult April.The company didn’t provide an update.It did，
however， predict a sales gain for this month of a small decrease.Walmart
will report its results for its first quarter on Tuesday.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
　　Day Trips & Tours from London
　　Golden Tours provides popular day trips in the UK to destinations！
Fully organised tours from London are well guided， and there’s no
better way to begin an exciting adventure during a day trip from London.
　　Stonehenge Tour
　　Price： Adult： ￡54， Child： ￡51， Family （2 adults & 2
children）： ￡205
　　As one of the UK’s most famous attractions， Stonehenge promises
to be an unforgettable experience.During this day tour， you’ll get to go
up close to these ancient stones.There have been so many theories for its
existence but this is your chance to work it out for yourself！
　　Leeds Castle Tour
　　Price： Adult： ￡95， Child： ￡86， Family （2 adults & 2
children）： ￡355
　　You couldn’t imagine a castle in a more beautiful setting！ Leeds
Castle used to be the first choice for the royals to spend their summer
vacation.During this private visit， your tour guide will show you how the
Tudors lived here.This tour operates in English， Chinese， Japanese and
Spanish.
　　Cambridge Tour
　　Price： Adult： ￡101， Child： ￡91， Family （2 adults & 2
children）： ￡374
　　You’ll get to visit the location of the University of Cambridge and
the famous Senate House， once used for gatherings of the Council and
now a traditional place for degree ceremonies.
　　Stratford-upon-Avon Tour
　　Price： Adult： ￡89， Child： ￡79， Family （2 adults & 2
children）： ￡326
　　Explore Stratford-upon-Avon， the hometown of Britain’s most
celebrated writer — the influential William Shakespeare.The town is
proud of its rich history and it’s the perfect place to find out more about
Elizabethan history.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个从伦敦出发的旅游
活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个从伦敦出发的旅游
活动。
21. How much should a family of 1 adult and 2 children pay to visit
Stonehenge？（　　）
A. ￡108. B. ￡156.
C. ￡159. D. ￡205.
解析：　数字计算题。根据 　Stonehenge Tour　部分中的
Price： Adult： ￡54， Child： ￡51可知，一个成年人带两个孩子
参观Stonehenge要花费156英镑。
22. What is special about Leeds Castle Tour？（　　）
A. It offers a summer camp for visitors.
B. It is the most beautiful castle in the world.
C. The royals will show you around the castle.
D. Multilingual （多语言的） guide services are available.
解析：　细节理解题。根据 　Leeds Castle Tour　部分中的This
tour operates in English， Chinese， Japanese and Spanish.可知，
Leeds Castle Tour的特别之处是提供多种语言的导游服务。
23. If you are interested in British literature， which tour would you
choose？（　　）
A. Stonehenge Tour.
B. Leeds Castle Tour.
C. Cambridge Tour.
D. Stratford-upon-Avon Tour.
解析：　细节理解题。根据 　Stratford-upon-Avon Tour　部分
中的Explore Stratford-upon-Avon， the hometown of Britain’s most
celebrated writer — the influential William Shakespeare.可知，如果
你对英国文学感兴趣，你应该选择Stratford-upon-Avon Tour。
B
　　After I graduated from the university， I got so pressured in finding a
job.I did a lot of applications both online and handing in person to a
particular company.It occurred， one day I went to hand in my CV （简
历） to a certain company and I wanted to meet the human resource
manager in person because I believed it was a better choice than leaving
my CV at the reception.
　　Unfortunately， in this company the security lady at the reception did
not allow me to see the human resource manager and instead asked me to
just leave the CV with her and that she would deliver it.I was really
disappointed since I knew she wouldn’t do that and my CV will just be
thrown in the trash can， I thought so because it usually happens a lot in
some other companies.So I just left with my head down and never thought
about it again since I knew I would never get any feedback from the
company.
　　Weeks passed and one day I received a call from an unknown number
and guess what ...it was the human resource manager of that same
company， I was really shocked since I did not expect it at all.So he said
he received my CV and that he would work on it.
　　I was so happy and felt bad at the same time for doubting the security
lady the other day.
　　This experience made me reflect on people around me and it was a
reminder to believe in people and not assume things just because of the
norm （常态）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己一次投递简历的故
事，告诉我们相信别人的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者通过自己一次投递简历的故
事，告诉我们相信别人的重要性。
24. Why did the author want to meet the human resource manager？（　）
A. He/She knew the manager.
B. His/Her CV would be read.
C. They had an appointment.
D. The security lady wasn’t friendly.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，作者认为，很多情
况下放在前台的简历都会被扔到垃圾桶里。由此可知，他/她
希望亲自见到人力资源经理是为了让自己的简历能够被人力资
源经理看到。
25. What happened to the author’s CV in the end？（　　）
A. It was thrown away.
B. It was kept by the lady.
C. It reached the manager.
D. It was returned to the author.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，作者的简历最后到了
人力资源经理的手里。
26. How did the author feel about the security lady？（　　）
A. Hopeful at first， and doubtful at last.
B. Surprised at first， and confused at last.
C. Satisfied at first， and disappointed at last.
D. Disappointed at first， and grateful at last.
解析：　推理判断题。根据全文可知，作者开始被女保安拒
绝，肯定感到生气和失望；后来让作者意想不到的是，自己的简
历被女保安送到了经理手里，他/她应该感到吃惊和感激。
27. What message does the author intend to convey in this text？（　　）
A. Try to have trust in others.
B. Seek some help from others.
C. Have confidence in ourselves.
D. Keep on trying until you succeed.
解析：　主旨大意题。综合全文可知，作者开始怀疑那位女保
安，后来事实证明自己的怀疑是错误的，作者为此感到愧疚。最
后一段是对全文的总结，提醒作者要相信别人。
C
　　In the near future， you may not be waiting for packages delivered by
a truck — instead， they’ll come overhead， via drone.But they might
look a little different from what you’ve seen before.The Federal Aviation
Administration announced new rules Monday for what it calls “unmanned
aircraft” that weigh more than 0.55 pound （or 0.25 kilogram） to
operate around people.
　　Among the new rules， the FAA said drones will need to broadcast
their identification through a new system called Remote ID， which will
help the government track both the drones and their base “control”
stations and this will address security concerns.And people who manage
the drones will need to have a drone pilot’s license with them whenever
operating the aircraft.
　　“The new rules make way for the further integration （融入） of
drones into our airspace by addressing safety and security concerns，”
said FAA Administrator Steve Dickson， in a statement.“They get us
closer to the day when we will more routinely see drone operations such as
the delivery of packages.”
　　The rules announced on Monday are the latest in a series of steps to
fix regulations around drone deliveries and flights around the US. Both
Amazon and UPS have been testing drone deliveries， indicating the
technology isn’t far off.
　　“The framework is a critical step in allowing more complex UAS
operations， with a focus on safety and security，” UPS said in a
statement， referring to unmanned aircraft systems.The company added
that the FAA’s moves “will advance the integration of drones into the
National Airspace System”.
　　Various parts of the US government have expressed concern about
how drones could be misused， a concern heightened by a series of
incidents in 2018 in which drones caused Gatwick Airport in London to
shut down.
　　It’ll be more than two years before the new rules go into effect， but
civilian drones offered for sale in the US must be equipped with ID
broadcast technology in 18 months， according to the FAA release.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国联邦航空管理局针对商用
无人机新政策的出台，在不久的将来，无人机投送快递将成为现
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国联邦航空管理局针对商用
无人机新政策的出台，在不久的将来，无人机投送快递将成为现实。
28. Why will Remote ID be required for drones？（　　）
A. To guarantee safety.
B. To limit their activities.
C. To improve performance.
D. To increase their functions.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，根据美国联邦航空管
理局的新政策，未来的商用无人机必须具备可以远程识别的ID，
这样便于政府对其进行追踪并解决安全问题。
29. What was Steve Dickson’s attitude to the new rules？（　　）
A. Tolerant. B. Positive.
C. Skeptical. D. Objective.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段可知，Steve Dickson认
为，新规则将促进无人机融入领空，同时将促进无人机被更普
遍地使用。
30. What does the author want to show by mentioning Amazon and UPS
in Paragraph 4？（　　）
A. Drones will be used in different fields.
B. The new rules have been well received.
C. Drones will be used for carrying goods.
D. The new rules will make a big difference.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段可知，作者提到Amazon和
UPS，主要告诉我们这两家公司已经开始进行无人机投送快递的
试验。
31. What was stressed about drones’ development in the last two
paragraphs？（　　）
A. A bright future. B. Great potential.
C. Serious difficulties. D. Possible challenges.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后两段可知，美国政府的很多部
门依然对无人机有很多担忧，因为它们往往会被误用和滥用，从
而导致一些事故。这说明无人机未来的发展还存在一些挑战。
D
　　As an astronomer， I am accustomed to observing the universe in
quiet places.I observe galaxies in the deep universe — places so far away
that their light takes billions of years to reach our eyes.
　　Sometimes I wonder what our own galaxy looked like billions of
years ago before our solar system was born.I often stare at the Hubble
Deep Field （哈勃深空区） searching for clues： galaxies colliding （碰
撞）， stars exploding， and stellar nurseries.Can looking to the stars
bring us closer together？
　　A couple of months ago， Betelgeuse， a bright star in the Orion
constellation （猎户星座） started to get dimmer and
dimmer.Astronomers all over the world thought this might be a signal that
the star was about to explode.Though it might not happen for another 1，
000 years or more， still I went outside every night to check it out.I was
hoping that it would explode.Imagine seeing a star shining as bright as the
full moon even during the day.
　　I started dreaming about using such an event to remind everyone that
stars produce nearly all of the chemical elements in the universe， which
came directly out of the Big Bang.Everything we breathe， touch and see
was made inside of stars.The iron in our blood， calcium in our bones，
and almost the entire periodic table are products of stellar evolution.
　　Betelgeuse did not explode， and more recent observations note that
it is actually returning to normal.But nothing is normal here on Earth
now.I am beginning to realise that we did not need a star to explode to
unite us.All we needed was a common problem.
　　I am hoping that everyone on the planet is saving some time to
contemplate （凝视） the universe and to realise we are not alone.No
matter where we are or who we are， we are on this planet together.Since
we are all made of stars， looking up at the night sky gives us a glimpse of
our past and our future， and we can contemplate both together.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以一位天文学家对星空的观察
和思考入手，提出“仰望星空可以拉近我们的距离”这一观点。作
者建议人类应该重新审视自己的生存方式。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章以一位天文学家对星空的观察
和思考入手，提出“仰望星空可以拉近我们的距离”这一观点。作
者建议人类应该重新审视自己的生存方式。
32. According to the article， what do we know about Betelgeuse？（　　）
A. It is a star the author tracked for years.
B. It will produce chemical elements if it explodes.
C. It is a normal star which is disappearing.
D. It will explode in ten thousand years.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第四段中的to remind everyone that
stars produce nearly all of the chemical elements in the universe，
which came directly out of the Big Bang可知，宇宙大爆炸后，星球
创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素；而参宿四是一个星球，因此
如果它爆炸，可以释放化学元素。
33. What does the underlined phrase “such an event” in Paragraph 4
refer to？（　　）
A. Betelgeuse’s potential explosion.
B. Betelgeuse’s getting dimmer and dimmer.
C. The author’s checking out every night.
D. A star’s shining as bright as the sun.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的Astronomers all over the
world thought this might be a signal that the star was about to
explode.可知，这个事件指的就是参宿四有可能会爆炸。
34. Why does the author write this article？（　　）
A. To advise others to stare at a potentially exploding star recently.
B. To research into the scientific mystery in the universe with readers.
C. To discuss the proper relationship between humans and the universe.
D. To advise us to think about the way human beings live in this world.
解析：　写作目的题。根据第四段和最后一段可知，作者认
为星球创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素，也创造了人类；地
球上的每一个人都应该仰望星空，因为这样我们可以看到我们
的过去和未来，可以看到我们都在一起，并不孤单。由此可推
知，作者写这篇文章的目的是建议我们思考人类在这个世界上
的生存方式。
35. What’s the best title for this passage？（　　）
A. What Should an Astronomer Do？
B. Should We Know More About the Universe？
C. Looking to the Stars Can Bring Us Closer Together
D. Getting United Is a Problem Impossible to Solve
解析：　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，作者从对星空的观
察入手，讲到星球创造了宇宙中几乎一切的化学元素，也创造了
人类；作者认为我们应该经常凝视星空，重新审视自己的生存方
式，并看到我们并不孤单。因此C项（仰望星空可以拉近我们的
距离）为本文最佳标题。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Today let’s talk about bullying at school.Every day thousands of
teens wake up afraid to go to school.36.（　　） And it has everyone
worried， not just the kids on its receiving end.Yet because parents，
teachers， and other adults don’t always see it， they may not
understand how extreme bullying can get.
　　Bullying is when a person is picked on over and over again by an
individual or group with more power， either in terms of physical strength
or social standing.
　　37. （　　） Bullies pick on the people who they think don’t fit
in， maybe because of how they look， how they act， their race or
religion.
　　38.（　　） Others use psychological control or verbal insults （口
头侮辱） to put themselves in charge.Verbal bullying can also involve
cyberbullying — sending cruel texts， messages， or posting insults about
a person on Facebook or other social sites.
　　One of the most painful aspects of bullying is that it is cruel.39.
（　　） Guys and girls who are bullied may find their schoolwork and
health suffering.Studies show that people who are abused by their peers
are at risk for mental health problems， such as low self-esteem， stress，
depression， or anxiety.
　　Bullies are at risk for problems， too.Bullying is violence， and it
often leads to more violent behaviour as the bully grows up.It’s reported
that 1 out of 4 elementary-school bullies will have a criminal record by the
time they are 30.40.（　　） Bullies may also fail in school and not have
the career or relationship success that other people enjoy.
A. Bullying has its different forms.
B. It is very difficult to deal with bullying.
C. Some bullies attack their targets physically.
D. Bullying is a problem that affects millions of students.
E. Some teen bullies end up being rejected by their friends as they grow
older.
F. When it goes on and on， bullying can put a person in a state of
constant fear.
G. Two of the main reasons people are bullied are because of appearance
and social status.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。校园欺凌在世界各国都非常普遍，
本文主要介绍了其原因及危害。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。校园欺凌在世界各国都非常普遍，
本文主要介绍了其原因及危害。
36. D　下句在说明校园欺凌的严重影响和危害，正好是对D项论述的
进一步阐述和说明，故D项符合语境。
37. G　下文在具体论述校园欺凌发生的原因，是对G项这一概述的进
一步阐释和说明，故G项符合语境。
38. C　Some ...others ...是一个固定句式。下文的Others ...提示我
们这里应该选择C项，说明欺凌者的两种欺凌方式。
39. F　上下句都在说明欺凌所产生的不良影响和后果，故F项符
合语境。
40. E　上文说明实施欺凌者长大后也会面临一些不良后果，E项正好
也是负面影响之一，故E项符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
　　The summer after my first year of college， I had to get my first
job.For me， it was a 　41　 moving from a dependent child to a more
independent adult.I had never 　42　 a day in my life when I was in high
school because my parents wanted me to focus on 　43　.
　　I printed out my resume and 　44　 dozens of applications.Those
two weeks 　45　 by fast.I sent applications hoping to get my first couple
of 　46　.I received no calls or emails. 　47　， halfway through the
third week， I finally 　48　 a call back from one of the places I applied
to.We had set up a meeting time， and after my 　49　， I was more
than ready to start working the following Monday.
　　When working， it was very 　50　 that I was a new guy.At times，
some customers were always finding 　51　 with me.However， I
eventually got along well with them after a couple of weeks.I
always 　52　 the cheaper choices to customers unless they were rude.
　　Four weeks later， I was awarded the 　53　 employee of the
month.At that moment， I felt like I had truly made it， and this was the
first of many 　54　 I had received while working.It taught me a lot about
responsibility and the 　55　 of working in a team.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次工作的
经历，他从这份工作中学会了责任和团队工作的重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者第一次工作的
经历，他从这份工作中学会了责任和团队工作的重要性。
41. A. measure B. idea C. step D. way
解析：　根据下文from a dependent child to a more independent
adult可知，得到第一份工作，是作者从一个依赖他人的孩子到一
个更独立的成年人的一步。
42. A. attended B. tried
C. practiced D. worked
解析：　根据下文I was in high school可知，因为作者上高中
时，父母要求他专注于学习，所以此处表示作者没有工作过。
43. A. study B. grades
C. scores D. future
解析：　因为作者当时在上高中，所以父母要求作者专注于自
己的学习。
44. A. took out B. filled out
C. picked up D. made up
解析：　根据空前I printed out my resume可知，作者打印完简历
后，要填写工作申请表格。fill out填写。
45. A. stood B. showed
C. passed D. caught
解析：　根据下文by fast可知，两周的时间很快就过去了。
46. A. choices B. reasons
C. results D. cases
解析：　根据上文I sent applications可知，因为作者把工作
申请表发送出去了，所以此处表示作者期待得到可供选择的工
作机会。
47. A. Besides B. Thus
C. However D. Anyhow
解析：　上文说作者没有接到电话或邮件，下文说作者接到电
话，此处前后表示转折关系。
48. A. took B. put C. kept D. got
解析：　此处前后表示转折关系，上文说没有电话或邮件，此
处与上文表达相反之意，应该是接到一个电话。
49. A. challenge B. interview
C. chance D. speech
解析：　根据下文I was more than ready to start working the
following Monday可知，作者准备下周一开始工作，所以此处指面
试结束后。
50. A. common B. obvious
C. interesting D. shocking
解析：　根据文章第一句可知，因为这是作者的第一份工作，
很明显作者是个新人。
51. A. trouble B. information
C. fault D. behaviour
解析：　根据下文However， I eventually got along well with
them after a couple of weeks.可知，有时候，有些顾客会挑作者的
毛病。find fault with sb意为“挑某人的毛病”。
52. A. received B. created
C. ordered D. suggested
解析：　根据空后the cheaper choices to customers可知，此处指
作者给顾客一些建议。
53. A. smartest B. prettiest
C. happiest D. best
解析：　根据下文At that moment， I felt like I had truly made it
可知，作者成了当月最佳员工，在那一刻作者感到自己成功了。
54. A. achievements B. gifts
C. requirements D. tasks
解析：根据上文可知，作者获得“月度最佳员工”称号，所
以此处指这是作者众多成就中的第一个。
55. A. possibility B. chance
C. rule D. importance
解析：根据语境可知，此处指的是团队工作的重要性。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
　　The national college entrance exam in Russia， Unified State
Exam， included Chinese as 56. 　　　　　　 elective foreign language
starting from 2019.Chinese has become the fifth elective test item for the
Unified State Exam 57. 　　　　　　（follow） English， German，
French and Spanish.
　　The number of Chinese learners in Russia 58. 　　　　　　
（grow） quickly in the past decade， from 17，000 in 2007 to 56，000
in 2017， according to a survey 59. 　　　　　　（conduct） by a
linguistic research center in Russia last year.
　　Approaches to learning Chinese vary from person to person，
60. 　　　　　　 university courses being the most favoured in Russia.
　　The three-hour-long Chinese test will quiz students on
61. 　　　　　　 （they） listening， reading， and writing abilities
and a fourth section will examine students on grammar， vocabulary and
Chinese 62. 　　　　　　 （character）.Some parts in the exam are
even a little bit difficult for native Chinese speakers.
　　According to the Office of Chinese Language Council International
（Hanban）， more than 100 million people， excluding native
speakers， are using Chinese 63. 　　　　　　 （global）.
　　The United Nations （UN） in 2010 suggested a Chinese Language
Day 64. 　　　　　　 falls on 20 April each year to celebrate cultural
diversity as well as 65. 　　　　　　 （promote） the equal use of all
official languages.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。从2019年开始，俄罗斯高考中新增
加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不
断上升。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。从2019年开始，俄罗斯高考中新增
加汉语作为外语考试科目之一，这充分体现了汉语在全球的地位不
断上升。
56. an　此处表示“一门或一种选修外语”，且elective的读音以元音
音素开头，故填an。
57. following　设空处作状语，且表示主动概念，故填动词-ing形式
following。
58. has grown　根据时间状语in the past decade可知，本句应用现在完
成时；由于本句主语为The number of ...，因此谓语动词用单数形
式，故填has grown。
59. conducted　此处表示该调查“被进行”，故填过去分词
conducted。
60. with　此处是一个独立结构作状语，故填介词with。
61. their　设空处修饰后面的名词abilities，故填形容词性物主代词
their。
62. characters　此处表示“汉字”，应用复数形式，故填characters。
63. globally　此处需要一个副词来修饰前面的动词using，故填
globally。
64. which/that　本空前的Chinese Language Day为先行词，设空处引
导一个限制性定语从句，故填which/that。
65. to promote　此处as well as连接两个并列的成分，故填动词不定式
to promote。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是李华，你的新西兰好友Chris给你发来邮件询问你对探索
火星的看法。请你给他回复一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1. 陈述你的观点；
　　2. 说明你的理由。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear Chris，
Yours，
Li Hua
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
Dear Chris，
　　It’s lovely to hear from you.I’m very glad to share with you my
views on exploring Mars.To be brief， I firmly believe it’s necessary
and worthwhile to explore Mars.
　　To begin with， exploring space is a competition of comprehensive
national strength.With advanced aerospace science and technology，
China can stand proudly among the nations of the world.Secondly， by
exploring Mars， studying its past and present and predicting future
changes， we can better protect the Earth.Finally， it is also a goal to
prepare for human migration to Mars.Seeking a second home has been the
long-term goal of mankind and Mars is a potential alternative.
　　What do you think of the exploration of Mars？ Looking forward to
your brilliant ideas.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　（2024·沈阳五校高一下检测）To act with integrity （正直） was a
habit with Susan who always follows the Golden Rule：“Do not do to
others what you do not want others to do to you.” But when she thought
over her past conduct， a blush of shame crept to her cheeks， as many
little acts of selfishness and unkindness came back to her memory.She
resolved that for the future， both in great things and small， she would
remember and follow the Golden Rule.
　　It was not long after this that an opportunity occurred， which tried
Susan’s principles.One Saturday evening when she went， as usual， to
Mr Thompson’s inn， to receive the money of her mother’s washing
for him， which amounted to five dollars， she found Mr Thompson
apparently in a terrible rage with some horse dealers with whom he had
been bargaining.He held in his hand an open wallet， full of bills and
scarcely noticing Susan as she made her request， except to swear at her
for troubling him when he was busy， he handed her a banknote.
　　Glad to escape so easily， Susan hurried out of the gate.Pausing to
put the money safely in her purse， she discovered that he had given her
two bills instead of one.She looked around； nobody was near and her
first impulse was joy at the unexpected prize.
　　“It is all mine，” she said to herself.“I will buy my mother a new
coat with it， and she can give her old one to my sister Mary， and then
Mary can go to the Sunday school with me next winter.I wonder if I can
buy a pair of shoes for my brother Tom， too.”
　　At that moment she remembered that he must have given it to her by
mistake.But again the voice of the tempter whispered，“He gave it，
and how do you know that he did not intend to make you a present of it？
Keep it！ He will never know it， for he had too many such bills in that
great pocketbook.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　This conflict was going on in her mind between good and evil. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　“Sir， you paid me two bills instead of one，” she handed him
the extra note. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　This conflict was going on in her mind between good and evil.She
was hurrying home as fast as possible.However， before she got home，
the Golden Rule sounded in her ears.Suddenly she turned around and
rushed along the road with breathless speed.A few minutes later， she
found herself at Mr Thompson’s inn.He was very surprised to see
her.“What do you come back for？” he asked.
　　“Sir， you paid me two bills instead of one，” she handed him the
extra note.Moved by the little girl’s honesty， Mr Thompson pulled out
a shilling and offered it to her.Susan refused the money for she didn’t
want to be paid for doing right — she only wished he wouldn’t think her
dishonest.Desperate to tell her mother what she had done， Susan waved
goodbye to Mr Thompson and returned to her humble home with a
lightened heart.Never would she forget this day through the course of her
whole life.(共8张PPT)
Part Ⅰ　Talk about life in space
话题听说·勤操练
志在强化技能
Ⅰ.话题词汇
1. benefit from China’s space programme 从中国的太空项目中获益
2. become the first Chinese astronaut 成为中国第一位宇航员
3. receive mental and physical training 接受心理上和身体上的训练
4. in the field of science 在科学领域
5. improve the quality of life 提高生活质量
6. negative effect 负面影响
听说课前清障 ——排除疑难，胸有成竹
7. a scientific breakthrough 一项科学突破
8. be curious about astronauts’ life in space
对宇航员在太空的生活感到好奇
9. make our lives more comfortable and convenient使我们的生活更加舒
适、方便
10. with the development of aerospace science and technology 　　随着
航空航天科技的发展
Ⅱ.话题句式
1. The development of science and technology makes our lives more
comfortable and convenient.
科技的发展使我们的生活更加舒适、方便。
2. The journey to outer space and other planets is not a dream any more.
去外太空和其他星球旅行不再是一个梦。
3. There is no doubt that we benefit a lot from the scientific advancements
in many different ways.
毫无疑问，在许多不同方面科学的进步使我们受益良多。
4. I have long been interested in space exploration.
长期以来我一直对太空探索感兴趣。
5. How I wish I had a chance to travel into space！
我多么希望我有机会去太空旅行！
话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
　　情境：宇航员们在失重的太空是如何进食和饮水的呢？那将是
一种独特的体验。
　　For the astronauts， the things like eating food and drinking water
become very strange.Space food carried by astronauts should be as light
and small as possible.
1. （宇航员如何进食） during space flight is a big
test for them.Under weightless conditions， 2.
（一个盛满水的杯子） can be placed upside down.The water in
the cup will not float or fall out automatically.If it 3.
（被放在桌子上）， the cup will rise with the water.So，
drinking water in space is not easy.4. （各种食
物）， parts， appliances and so on are fixed well.If the astronauts want
to drink water， they can have 5. （汤、果汁
和果酱） by squeezing it into their mouths.6.
（我多么希望我有机会） to travel into space！
How astronauts eat　
a cup full of/filled with
water　
is placed on the
table　
All kinds of food　
soup， juice and jam　
How I wish I had a
chance　(共115张PPT)
Section Ⅱ
Reading and Thinking
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
3
核心知识·巧突破
4
课时检测·提能力
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
SPACE： THE FINAL FRONTIER
　　“Are we alone？ What’s out there？” People have always looked
up at the stars and wondered about space.Today， scientists design
vehicles① to carry astronauts into space to make important
discoveries.Space exploration has come a long way②， and we now hope
to discover other planets that are suitable③ enough to support life.
　　Before the mid-20th century， most people felt [1]travelling into
space was only a dream that could never come true.However， scientists
were determined to realise that dream.After many experiments， they
succeeded in making rockets④ that could escape Earth’s gravity⑤.On 4
October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite⑥ was launched⑦ by the USSR and
successfully orbited⑧around Earth.Afterwards， the USSR focused on⑨
sending people into space， and [2] on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin
became the first person in the world to enter space.Over eight years
later， on 20 July 1969， American astronaut Neil Armstrong stepped
onto the moon， famously saying， “That’s one small step for [a]
man， one giant⑩ leap for mankind .” [3]Following this， there
were many more important space achievements.
For example， on 5 September 1977， America’s NASA space agency
launched Voyager 1 to study deep space， and it still transmits data to
this day.And the International Space Station （1998） has provided a
continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from many
different countries on board.
　　[1]句中travelling into space为动词-ing短语作主语。
　　[2]句中to enter space为动词不定式短语作后置定语，修饰the
first person。当名词被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时，常用动词不定
式作后置定语。
　　[3]句中Following this为动词-ing短语作伴随状语，follow和句中
主语在逻辑上是主谓关系。
【读文清障】
①vehicle n.交通工具；车辆
②come a long way 有长足进步，有极大发展
③suitable adj.适合的
④rocket n.火箭；火箭弹
⑤gravity n.重力；引力
⑥satellite n.人造卫星；卫星
⑦launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
⑧orbit n.（环绕地球、太阳等运行的）轨道；势力范围
vt.& vi.沿轨道运行；环绕……运行
⑨focus on专注于
⑩giant adj.巨大的；伟大的
n.巨人；巨兽；伟人
leap n.跳跃；剧增；剧变
vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
mankind n.人类
agency n.（政府的）专门机构；服务机构；代理处
transmit vt.& vi.传输；发送
data n.[pl.] 资料；数据
　　Although scientists try to make sure nothing goes wrong， accidents
can still happen.For example， all the astronauts on the Soyuz 11，
Challenger， and Columbia spacecraft died during their
missions.However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment ， the desire to explore the universe did not
die.[4]This is because people believe in the importance of carrying on
space exploration despite the huge risks.
　　China’s space programme started later than those of Russia and the
US， but it has made great progress in a short time.[5]China became the
third country in the world to independently send humans into space in
2003， when Yang Liwei successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5
spacecraft .Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and
the first Chinese spacewalk ， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit
being sent to the moon to study its surface.On 23 July 2020， China sent
Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of Mars.It arrived in February 2021 and
then sent back lots of valuable information.And from 2021 to 2022，
China completed a number of rocket missions to establish its own space
station.In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled the
basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.This modern space station
will allow astronauts to conduct many important experiments， greatly
furthering our understanding of the universe.
　　[4]句中 because引导表语从句，位于系动词之后，用于强调
原因。
　　[5]句中when引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词2003。
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
desire n.渴望；欲望
vt.渴望；期望
desired adj.渴望的，想要的
carry on继续做，坚持干
despite prep.尽管；即使
make great progress取得巨大进步
spacecraft n.航天器；宇宙飞船
spacewalk n.太空行走；太空行走的时间
jade n.玉；翡翠；玉器
send back 发回；传回
mission n.使命；任务
establish v.建立
module n.舱；组件；模块
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号n.信号；标志
conduct v.实施；进行
further v.促进；推动；增进
　　The future of space exploration remains bright.Many countries have
plans to further study planets like Mars and Jupiter.Despite the
difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable discoveries that will
enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【参考译文】
太空：最后的边境
　　“我们是孤家寡人吗？外面还有什么呢？”人们一直仰望星空，
对太空充满好奇。今天，科学家设计出飞行器，将宇航员送往太空，
去做重大的发现。今天，人类太空探索已经获得极大的发展，我们现
在希望发现能够维持生命存在的其他行星。
　　二十世纪中叶之前，大部分人认为在太空旅行是一个永远无法实现的梦。然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。无数次实验之后，他们终于成功研制出能够摆脱地心引力的火箭。1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，并成功环绕地球运行。之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为世界上进入太空的第一人。八年后，美国宇航员尼尔·阿姆斯特朗于1969年7月20日踏上月球，说出了那句名言：“对一个人来说，这是一小步；对人类来说，这是一大步。”此后，人类取得了更多的重大太空探索成就。
例如，为了研究外太空，美国国家航空航天局于1977年9月5日发射
“旅行者一号”，该探测器至今仍在传回数据。 1998年建成的国际空
间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自不同国家的宇航员已
经在它上面了。
　　虽然科学家们极力确保万无一失，但事故仍时有发生。例如，
“联盟11号” “挑战者号”以及“哥伦比亚号”的宇航员们在执行任
务时全部遇难。然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，
（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。这是因为人们坚信太空探索的重
要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
　　中国的太空项目起步晚于俄罗斯和美国，但在短时间内发展迅
速。2003年，杨利伟乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国
成为世界上第三个能够独立将人类送入太空的国家。之后，神舟六号
和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太
空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。
2020年7月23日，中国发射“天问一号”探索火星的表面。它于2021
年2月到达火星并传回大量有价值的信息。从2021到2022年，中国完
成了许多火箭发射项目，来建立自己的太空空间站。2022年，梦天实
验舱的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。这一现代化的空间站
将允许宇航员进行很多重要的实验，极大地促进我们对宇宙的了解。
　　太空探索的未来仍然是光明的。许多国家都已制订计划，将进一
步研究和探索火星、木星等行星。尽管困难重重，科学家们希望能做
出更多有价值的发现让我们延续生存，直到未来。
2
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
第一步：析架构理清脉络
1. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
Para.1 A. What people achieved in the past years.
Para.2 B. Why people don’t stop exploring space despite the risks.
Para.3 C. The future exploration in space.
Para.4 D. Human beings always want to explore space.
Para.5 E. The achievements which China has made.
答案：Paras.1－5　DABEC
2. What’s the main idea of the text？（　　）
A. Space exploration has always been difficult.
B. America leads the world in space exploration.
C. China has made great achievements in space exploration.
D. Mankind has been exploring space despite the huge risks.
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What do we know about Neil Armstrong？（　　）
A. He was from the USSR.
B. He was the first person to travel into space.
C. He was in charge of launching the satellites.
D. He was the first person to walk on the moon.
2. What is the function of the International Space Station？（　　）
A. Telling us the huge risks of space exploration.
B. Having astronauts from different countries on board.
C. Telling us the importance of carrying on space exploration.
D. Welcoming the brave people to pay a visit to it.
3. Which space programme was aimed at exploring Mars？（　　）
A. Tianwen 1.
B. Shenzhou 5.
C. The Mengtian module.
D. The vehicle Jade Rabbit.
4. How does the author support the theme of the text？（　　）
A. By giving examples.
B. By stating arguments.
C. By explaining statistical data.
D. By providing research results.
第三步：品佳句妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.



（1）However， scientists were determined to realise that dream.
（2）However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the benefits
of the space exploration.



Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable
discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the
future.
第四步：抒己见提升思维
1. What do you think of the space exploration？



In my opinion， space exploration is not only necessary but also
meaningful.We should spare no efforts to explore the universe and
make it better serve human beings.
2. If you are determined to be an astronaut， what should you do at
present？



To be an astronaut， first of all， I need to study hard to equip myself
with advanced knowledge.What’s more， I should take exercise
regularly to keep healthy physically and mentally.
3. Why is China’s space industry developing so fast？




For one thing， the Chinese government has been attaching great
importance to space exploration.For another， the rapid development
of China’s economy has laid a strong foundation for the space
industry.
第五步：辨难句拆分解读
1. However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
句式分析
自主翻译

然而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，
（人类）探索宇宙的愿望未曾磨灭。　
2. Then Shenzhou 6 and 7 completed a second manned orbit and the first
Chinese spacewalk， followed by the vehicle Jade Rabbit being sent to
the moon to study its surface.
句式分析
自主翻译


之后，神舟六号和神舟七号分别完成了第二次载人环
绕地球飞行及中国人的第一次太空行走。紧接着，“玉兔号”月球
车飞抵月球，开展月球表面研究。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
核心词汇集释
determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
【教材原句】　However， scientists were determined to realise that
dream.
然而，科学家们决意要实现这个梦想。
【用法】
（1）be determined to do sth决定做某事（表示状态）
（2）determine vt.　　查明；确定；决定
determine to do sth　　决定做某事（表示动作）
determine on/upon （doing） sth　　决定（做）某事
（3）determination n.　　决心；决定
【佳句】　He made up his mind to study abroad， so he was buried in
books， determined to improve his English.他下定决心去国外学习，
所以埋头看书，决心提高英语水平。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①I was familiar with the challenges David faced and was proud of his
strong （determine）.
【写美】　一句多译
②随着母亲节的临近，这对双胞胎决定为他们深爱的母亲准备一顿美
味的早餐。
→With Mother’s Day ， the twins
a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
→With Mother’s Day ， the twins
a delicious breakfast for their beloved mother.
determination　
drawing near　
were determined
to prepare　
approaching　
determined to
prepare　
launch vt.& n.发射；发起；上市
【教材原句】　On 4 October 1957， the Sputnik 1 satellite was
launched by the USSR and successfully orbited around
Earth.1957年10月4日，“旅伴一号”人造卫星在苏联发射升空，
并成功环绕地球运行。
【用法】
launch an activity　　　发起一项活动
launch a satellite　　发射一颗卫星
【佳句】　①NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays.美国
国家航空航天局计划发射一颗卫星来研究宇宙射线。
②The company hopes to launch the new drug by next October.该公司希
望在明年10月前推出这种新药。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The campaign （launch） by our school aims to help the
people in need.
【写美】　完成句子
②The government
paying attention to our traditional cultures.
政府发起了一项活动，以提高人们对我们传统文化的关注意识。
launched　
launched an activity to raise people’s awareness
of　
on board 在宇宙飞船上；在船上；在飞机上
【教材原句】　And the International Space Station （1998） has
provided a continuous human presence in space， with astronauts from
many different countries on board.
1998年建成的国际空间站使得人类可以持续在太空中开展工作，来自
不同国家的宇航员已经在它上面了。
【用法】
go on board　　　　　　上船；上火车；上飞机
above board　　光明正大的
go/get aboard （the ship/plane/train）　　上（船/飞机/火车）
boarding card　　登机牌
【佳句】　Have the passengers gone on board yet？
旅客已经上船/飞机了吗？
【写美】　一句多译
六个月前，谢磊告别了她在中国的家人和朋友，登上了飞往伦敦
的飞机。
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in
China and .
→Six months ago， Xie Lei said goodbye to her family and friends in
China and .
went on board for London　
went/got aboard （the plane） for London　
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness
and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然
而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的
愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
（1）to one’s disappointment　　　使某人感到失望的是
in disappointment　　失望地
（2）disappointed adj.　　失望的；沮丧的
be disappointed at/by sth　　对某事感到失望
be disappointed in/with sb　　对某人失望
be disappointed to do sth　　对做某事感到失望
（3）disappoint vt.　　使失望
disappointing adj.　　令人失望的
【佳句】　①I was disappointed not to be chosen.
我没被挑中，感到很沮丧。
②To my disappointment， I was disappointed to find I failed the exam
and the disappointing result disappointed my parents as well.
令我感到失望的是，我失望地发现我没有通过考试，这个失望的结果
也让我的父母失望。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only a few people were in support of his plan， which made him
very （disappoint）.
② （disappoint） and helpless， Jane knelt down，
tears of regret streaming down her cheeks.
disappointed　
Disappointed　
【写美】　一句多译
③令我感到非常失望的是，我父亲总是让我上交我挣的所有钱。
→ ， my father would always make me
hand in all the money I earned.
→ was
that my father would always make me hand in all the money I earned.
（what引导主语从句）
To my great disappointment　
What disappointed me most/What made me most disappointed　
desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
【用法】
（1）have a desire
（2）desire （sb） to do sth　 　想要（某人）做某事
desire that ...（should） do ...　渴望……
【佳句】　This time I would not hide my desire any more.Determined to
follow my heart， I explained to my father how I felt.
这一次我再也不会掩饰我的欲望了。我下定决心遵从自己的内心，向
父亲解释了自己的感受。
【点津】　 desire后的主语从句、宾语从句和同位语从句的谓语动词
用“should＋动词原形”，should可以省略。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Everyone has a desire success while success only belongs to the
hard-working people.
＝Everyone has a desire （succeed） while success only
belongs to the hard-working people.
②We desire that immediate help （give）to the local people
who were in trouble.
for　
to succeed　
be given　
【写美】　完成句子
③Since I have difficulty adapting to the new surroundings， I
some suggestions.（求助信）
由于我很难适应新环境，我希望你能给我一些建议。
desire
you to offer me　
carry on 继续做，坚持干
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of
carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信
太空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
（1）继续做某事
（2）carry out　　贯彻；执行；实施
【佳句】　Firstly， I desire that you （should） carry on practicing
your oral English to succeed in the next competition.
首先，为了在下次比赛中成功，我希望你继续练习你的英语口语。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They decided to carry on （run） in spite of the bad
weather.
②Having read stories of Lin Qiaozhi， the girl was determined to carry
on her good work.
running　
with　
【写美】　完成句子
③With the father’s guidance， the twins
.
在爸爸的指导下，双胞胎继续做母亲节早餐。
carried on cooking the
Mother’s Day breakfast　
independently adv.独立地；自立地
【教材原句】　China became the third country in the world to
independently send humans into space in 2003， when Yang Liwei
successfully orbited Earth in the Shenzhou 5 spacecraft.2003年，杨利伟
乘坐神舟五号宇宙飞船成功环绕地球飞行，中国成为世界上第三个能
够独立将人类送入太空的国家。
（1） independent adj.　　 　独立的；自立的
be independent from　　独立于……之外
（2）independence n.　　独立
gain independence from　　脱离……获得独立
【用法】
【佳句】　We are old enough to be independent of our parents.
我们已经长大了，可以不依赖父母了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Instead of helping them from the very beginning， parents should leave
their children to think （independent） about how to
deal with the problems they encounter.
②To gain （independent） from my parents， I would
earn a living on my own.
independently　
independence　
signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号 n.信号；标志
【教材原句】　In 2022， the launch of the Mengtian module signalled
the basic completion of the Tiangong Space Station.2022年，梦天实验舱
的成功发射标志着天宫空间站的基本建成。
【用法】
（1）signal （to） sb to do sth　　示意某人做某事
signal （sb） that　　示意（某人）……
signal ...to sb　　向某人示意……
（2）traffic signals 　　交通信号灯
【佳句】　Whether walking， biking or riding a bus to school， you
should obey all traffic signals， signs and instructions from traffic
officers.
无论是步行、骑自行车还是坐公共汽车上学，你都应该遵守所有交通
信号灯、标志和交警的指示。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The instructor signalled to us （carry） on with our
experiment.
②In our class， when the bell rang， it was signal for everyone to
stand up.
to carry　
a　
【写美】　完成句子
③The Lantern Festival falls on the fifteenth day of the first lunar
month， .
农历正月十五是元宵节，标志着春节庆祝活动的结束。
signalling the end of the Spring Festival celebrations　
so as to （do sth） 为了；以便
【教材原句】　Despite the huge risks though， people will always
continue to explore this final frontier so as to learn its secrets.尽管存在巨
大的风险，但人们将继续探索这最后的边境来了解其奥秘。
【用法】
in order to　　　为了
　　以便
＝I choose to listen to audio books so that/in order that I can protect my
eyesight.
我选择听有声书是为了保护我的视力。
【佳句】　I choose to listen to audio books so as/in order to protect my
eyesight.
【写美】　一句多译
为了丰富我们的校园生活，我们学校于上周日组织了一次5公里越野
跑比赛。
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last
Sunday .
→Our school organised a 5 km cross-country running race last
Sunday .
in order to/so as to enrich our campus lives　
so that/in order that we could enrich our campus lives　
重点句型解构
句型公式：动词不定式短语作后置定语
【教材原句】　Afterwards， the USSR focused on sending people into
space， and on 12 April 1961， Yuri Gagarin became the first person in
the world to enter space.
之后，苏联专注于载人太空飞行。1961年4月12日，尤里·加加林成为
世界上进入太空的第一人。
【品悟】　①I would really like to interview Yang Liwei because he is
the first Chinese to go to space.
我真的想采访杨利伟，因为他是第一个去太空的中国人。
②Mo Yan is the first Chinese writer to win the Nobel Prize in literature.
莫言是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家。
动词不定式作后置定语有以下三种情况：
（1）当中心词是序数词或被序数词修饰时；
（2）当中心词被形容词最高级、the next、the only等修饰时；
（3）位于抽象名词ability、 chance、 anxiety、 attempt等之后时。
【用法】
【写美】　完成下面语段
Firstly， I am the first student in my class ，
so I have the ability freely in
English.Secondly，if I have the chance
your teaching assistant， I will make every attempt
.I am greatly convinced that I am the most suitable
person . （申请信）
首先，我是我们班第一个在国外学习的学生，因此我有能力用英语流
利地和其他人交流。其次，如果我有机会被接受成为你的助教，我会
尽力为同学们服务。我深信我是担任这个职位最合适的人选。
to study abroad　
to communicate with others　
to be accepted as　
to serve my
classmates
to take on the position　
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　However， while such disasters brought much sadness
and disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.然
而，虽然这些悲剧使人倍感伤心与失望，但是，（人类）探索宇宙的
愿望未曾磨灭。
【用法】
句中while是从属连词，意为“虽然；尽管”，可以用although或
though替换。
【品悟】　①While there was no conclusive evidence， most people
thought he was guilty.
虽然没有确凿的证据，但大多数人认为他有罪。
②While I accept that he’s not perfect in many respects， I do
actually quite like the man.虽然我承认他在很多方面并不完美，但我确
实很喜欢他。
【写美】　完成句子
① ， I don’t agree that they
cannot be solved.
尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意说这些问题不能解决。
② ， I do also have some
sympathy with Michael’s.
虽然我完全理解你的观点，但我对迈克尔的观点也确实比较赞同。
While I admit that there are problems　
While I fully understand your point of view　
句型公式：because引导表语从句
【教材原句】　This is because people believe in the importance of
carrying on space exploration despite the huge risks.这是因为人们坚信太
空探索的重要性，哪怕面临巨大的风险。
【用法】
This/That is because ... 这/那是因为……
This/That is why ...　　这/那就是……的原因
The reason why ...is that ...
　　……的原因是……
【品悟】　①He was late for the meeting.That’s because he was
caught in the traffic jam.
他开会迟到了，那是因为他遇到了交通堵塞。
②She quitted her job.That’s because her wage was too low.
她辞去了工作。那是因为她的工资太低了。
【写美】　一句多译
我不去那里的原因是我正在准备即将到来的国庆节表演。
→The reason I am preparing
performances for the coming National Day.
→I won’t go there， I am preparing performances
for the coming National Day.
→I am preparing performances for the coming National Day，
that’s .
why I won’t go there is that　
that’s because　
why I won’t go there　
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. We have （发起） a series of campaigns so as to
strengthen people’s awareness of taking exercise.
2. As we all know， Yang Liwei and Wang Yaping are
famous （宇航员） in China.
3. Chest pains can be a warning （信号） of heart problems.
launched　
astronauts　
signal　
4. Roy didn’t do well in the exam， making his
parents （失望的）.
5. We made up our minds to carry on with two （独立
的） studies.
6. The （意志坚定的） expression on his face suggested
that he wouldn’t give in.
7. My friend Li Ming had the d to make a robot himself as a child.
8. Our goal is to create a peaceful community with shared future for
m .
disappointed　
independent　
determined　
esire　
ankind　
维度二：单句语法填空
1. The campaign of “building a green campus”
（launch） in our school recently.
2. These disasters made everyone sad and
（disappoint）， but the desire （explore） the
universe never died.
3. As the train was pulling out， the boy waved his hands to his
parents board， with tears rolling down his cheeks.
4. He imagined all sorts of exciting things about living
（independent） and teaching in a village.
has been launched　
disappointed　
to explore　
on　
independently　
5. She was the first woman astronaut （give） a video lecture
in space while orbiting in the capsule.
6. （determine） to give his mother a surprise， Tom
arrived home ahead of time.
7. Although she had some health problems， she carried on
（work） hard late into the night.
to give　
Determined　
working　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. Encouraged by what the teacher said， the boy returned to his
seat， .
受到老师话语的鼓舞，那个男孩回到了座位上，决心更加努力
学习。
2. Our teacher demands that we should exercise for an hour every
day .
我们的老师要求我们每天锻炼一个小时，以便保持健康。
determined to study harder　
so as to/in order to keep healthy　
3. I have a good command of English and am easy to get along
with. .
我精通英语，而且容易相处。那就是我写信申请这份工作的原因。
4. Only in this way can they grow up to
.
只有用这种方式他们才能独立成长、真正成功。
5. As a result， I am writing the letter
.
因此，我写信希望给你一些实用的建议。
That’s why I’m writing to apply for the job　
be independent and become
truly successful　
in the hope of offering you some
practical tips　
6. In the China-Ireland Cultural Festival， I have
the two splendid civilizations.
在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”，我不仅开阔了视野，而且还欣赏了两
种灿烂的文明。
not only broadened
my horizons but also appreciated　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Thanks to the ongoing effort of 1. （determine）
scientists， the dream of travelling into space in the hope of
2. （find） out more about the universe has come
true.However， 3. （explore） space is both dangerous
and challenging.One of the most dangerous 4. （part） of
space exploration is helping people escape Earth’s gravity.If there is a
mistake during the launch or return， it can lead to an accident
5. kills everyone
determined　
finding　
exploring　
parts　
that/which　
6. board.In spite of the huge risks， people will always continue
7. （explore） this final frontier.Though starting late，
China 8. （make） great progress in a short time and
become the third country to 9. （independence） send
humans into space.Chang’e 4 with Jade Rabbit explored 10.
surface of the far side of the moon.
on　
to explore　
has made　
independently　
the　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·临沂高一下期末）On 22 January 2022， the British-
Belgian 19-year-old， Rutherford， successfully landed her microlight
aircraft back at the airport， from where she had departed 155 days ago，
fulfilling her dream to be the youngest woman to fly around the world solo.
　　“I feel incitant not only to break the Guinness World Record， but
also to narrow the gender gap by 11 years between the current youngest
man record holder， 18 at the time of his record， and the previous
woman record holder， who was 30 when she completed her ‘Dreams
Soar’ around-the-world flight.” Rutherford wrote on her
blog.Rutherford’s journey crossing five continents and 52 countries
began on 18 August 2021.She met many unexpected delays along the
way.They included an unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce
wildfires and a stop in Alaska， to renew her visa.She also faced several
challenges in the air.Despite the severe difficulties， the determined
young pilot never gave up on her dream.
　　Rutherford grew up around airplanes.Her British father flies
commercially， while her Belgian mother is also a pilot.The young girl
began learning how to fly at age 14 and got her flight license in 2020.With
her goal of flying around the world completed， Rutherford now has her
sights set even higher.She wants to become an astronaut and explore
space.
　　She hopes that her journey will encourage more young women to
pursue careers in flight.Currently the number of women pilots is just 5
percent.Rutherford says， “It’s an easy thing to say， but just go for
it.If you don’t try and see how high you can fly， then you’ll never
know.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成
功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励
着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的
梦想。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。19岁的比利时裔英国人Rutherford成
功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻女性的梦想。她的故事激励
着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的
梦想。
1. What does the underlined word “incitant” in Paragraph 2 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Unhappy. B. Excited.
C. Surprised. D. Frightened.
解析：　词义猜测题。根据语境可知，Rutherford完成了独自环
球飞行，打破了吉尼斯世界纪录，实现了自己的梦想。由此可知，
Rutherford应该是激动的、兴奋的。
2. Why did Rutherford have to stop in California？（　　）
A. The wildfires were too fierce.
B. Her visa was due.
C. The weather was too severe.
D. Her engine broke down.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的They included an
unscheduled stop in California， due to the fierce wildfires可知，
Rutherford因为野火太猛烈不得不在加利福尼亚停留。
3. What’s the purpose of Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To turn to a new topic.
B. To state her admirable talents.
C. To summarize her achievements.
D. To add some background information.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段中的Rutherford grew up around
airplanes.Her British father flies commercially， while her Belgian
mother is also a pilot.The young girl began learning how to fly at age
14 and got her flight license in 2020.等内容可知，本段的目的是增加
一些背景信息。
4. What does the passage try to convey？（　　）
A. Dream big and aim high.
B. Life is not all roses.
C. Not to advance is to go back.
D. The greatest talkers， the least doers.
解析：　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述了19岁的比
利时裔英国人Rutherford成功实现了她成为独自环球飞行的最年轻
女性的梦想。她的故事激励着更多的人树立远大目标，克服困难，
努力奋斗去实现自己伟大的梦想。
B
　　（2024·浙江四校高一下联考）For most people， getting to the
stars is nothing more than a dream.On 28 April 2001， Dennis Tito
achieved that lifelong goal — but he wasn’t a typical astronaut.Tito， a
wealthy businessman， paid $20 million for a seat on a Russian Soyuz
spacecraft to be the first tourist to visit the International Space
Station.Only seven people have followed suit in the 20 years since， but
that number is about to double in the next 12 months alone.
　　NASA has long been hesitant to play host to space tourists， so
Russia has been the only option available for those looking for this kind of
extreme adventure.However， it seems the rise of private space
companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience
space.
　　Personally， I see the beginning of an era in which more people can
experience space.With companies like SpaceX and Blue Origin hoping to
build a future for humanity in space， space tourism is a way to
demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general
public.
　　Flights to space like Dennis Tito’s are expensive for a reason.A
rocket must burn a lot of costly fuel to travel high and fast enough to enter
Earth’s orbit.
　　Another cheaper possibility is a suborbital （亚轨道的） launch，
with the rocket going high enough to reach the edge of space and coming
right back down.While passengers on a suborbital trip experience
weightlessness and incredible views， these launches are more accessible.
　　To our joy， three companies led by billionaire CEOs have emerged
as the major players： Virgin Galactic， Blue Origin， and SpaceX.
　　Now， SpaceX has two tourist launches planned.These trips will be
costly， at $55 million for the flight.Blue Origin’s and Virgin
Galactic’s suborbital trips are far more reasonable in cost， with both
priced between $200，000 and $250，000.Though these prices are
high， it is worth considering that Dennis Tito’s $20 million ticket in
2001 could pay for 100 flights on Blue Origin soon.The experience of
viewing the Earth from space， though， may prove to be priceless for a
whole new generation of space explorers.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空
之旅离我们越来越近了。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。随着美国民营航天业的发展，太空
之旅离我们越来越近了。
5. What makes space travel easier for common people？（　　）
A. Russia’s exploration in space.
B. NASA’s accepting space tourists.
C. The first space tour made by Dennis Tito.
D. The appearance of private space companies.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段中的the rise of private space
companies is going to make it easier for regular people to experience
space可知，民营航天业的崛起，将使得人们未来的太空之旅变得
越来越容易。
6. What’s the author’s attitude to space tourism？（　　）
A. Positive. B. Curious.
C. Worried. D. Doubtful.
解析：　观点态度题。根据第三段中的space tourism is a way to
demonstrate both the safety and reliability of space travel to the general
public可知，作者很看好未来太空旅游业，他认为太空旅游将是安
全和可靠的。
7. What can we learn about a suborbital launch？（　　）
A. It will increase the cost.
B. It will lower the standards.
C. It will offer a better experience.
D. It will make people travel farther.
解析：　推理判断题。第四段指出，太空旅游对速度和高度都要
求很高，成本也极其高昂；第五段提出另一种比较便宜可行的方
案——亚轨道发射。由此可以判断，它必然是为了降低成本而降低
了发射标准。
8. What does the author think of Blue Origin’s and Virgin Galactic’s
suborbital trips？（　　）
A. They are unreasonably expensive.
B. They are relatively cheaper indeed.
C. They are not worth the money.
D. They are affordable to the public.
解析：　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，虽然Blue Origin和
Virgin Galactic这两家公司的票价也很高昂，但是与Dennis Tito
2001年的票价相比较就低得多了。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·石家庄高一下质检）Would you like to simplify your work
and life？ Is the amount of work you face so frightening that you often fall
behind？ Does it seem that work controls you， rather than the other way
round？
　　9.（　　） A large number of managers — especially in these
difficult times — feel like that.But there is a solution.And that solution
will not only improve your performance but also enable you to do so by
working less hard.
　　Yes， really.10.（　　）
　　Most companies， and certainly most managers， focus on inputs
rather than outputs.They look at process — the 1001 tasks you have to do
each week.But they should be looking at results — specifically at what
produces the best results.11.（　　）
　　As you will discover， most great results are achieved through
relatively little action and energy.But the small inputs that produce big
results are generally hidden by a mass of inputs that produce a few good
results， and often many bad panies and managers tend to look
at averages， not extremes.Yet， surprisingly， these are what really
matter.
　　12. （　　） It was first outlined over a hundred years ago by the
Italian economist Vilfredo Pareto.The “Pareto Rule” — or， as I call
it， the 80/20 Principle/Rule （or simply the Principle） — is the
observation that if you divide the world into causes and results， relatively
few causes （roughly 20 percent） nearly always lead to most of the
results （roughly 80 percent）.13.（　　）
　　Time and again it has been shown that a few products， customers
and decisions account for most of a firm’s profits.
A. If so， you’re not alone.
B. The Principle has caused debate all over the world.
C. We know this because of a strange economic principle.
D. The answer is to become a much more effective manager.
E. It helps us to identify those few activities that we should engage in.
F. When you really examine what produces great results， the answer is
surprising.
G. Thus， a small number of people are responsible for most human
progress （and indeed most human disasters）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的
“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了商业社会著名的
“二八定律”，又叫“80/20定律”。
9. A　上文提出了一些有关工作重负的问题，下文说很多职业经理人
都面临这样的问题，A项正好承上启下。
10. D　上文作者指出有解决问题的方案，下文应该具体说明该方案
的内容，故D项符合语境。
11. F　上文建议我们应该更多地关注结果，F项是针对“结果”的进
一步说明。
12. C　上段列举了人们有关“投入与产出”的吃惊发现，下文在介
绍80/20定律，C项正好引出此话题。
13. G　上文解释了80/20定律，G项是对此定律的进一步解释和说
明。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　（2024·河南六校高一下联考）“Is there a doctor aboard？” No
physician wants to hear these words while flying.We were over the North
Atlantic， and my husband and I were on our way home from a European
holiday.The cabin （座舱） was darkened for the in-flight 　14　 when
“Wake up！ Oh， help！” 　15　.
　　I was out of my seat， fast.The flight attendants and I arrived
together to see a 　16　 elderly woman holding the hand of her husband，
who wasn’t 　17　 to her.His head was back， his mouth open.
　　I did a quick 　18　： irregular but steady 　19　， colour good，
no evident pain， breathing regularly without 　20　.I sat on the arm of
the seat， still 　21　 his pulse， and asked the woman about her
husband.At 90 years old， he had a clean 　22　 history.The couple had
travelled to Scotland to celebrate their 60th wedding anniversary， and
they were on their way home.It had been a good holiday， but 　23　.
　　Soon after， I reported it to the 　24　.
　　“We can put the plane down 　25　 20 minutes in Gander，” he
told me， “or 　26　 for two hours and 　27　 in Toronto.What do you
want me to do， doctor？”
　　“Put it down，” I said.It wasn’t worth taking any chances， and
the safest thing was to get him hospital care quickly.
　　Three weeks later， I received a lovely thank-you note from this
man， who will 　28　 remain in good health for years to come.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机
时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者一次乘坐飞机
时对一位突发疾病的老人进行诊治的经历。
14. A. break B. party C. dinner D. rest
解析：根据上文语境可知，机舱变暗可能是因为人们在休息。
15. A. took out B. turned out
C. rang out D. put out
解析：　根据上文中的Wake up！ Oh， help！可知，此处指有
人大喊求救。
16. A. amazed B. frightened
C. calm D. flexible
解析：　根据下文His head was back， his mouth open.可知，老
太太当时吓坏了。
17. A. responding B. sticking
C. leading D. contributing
解析：　根据语境可知，老太太的丈夫可能失去了意识，所以
对她没有作出回应。
18. A. experiment B. trick
C. examination D. research
解析：　根据下文可知，这时作者应该是给老太太的丈夫做快
速检查。
19. A. step B. pulse
C. voice D. stomach
解析：　根据下文中的I sat on the arm ...his pulse可知，作者是
在给老太太的丈夫把脉。
20. A. effort B. efficiency
C. effect D. order
解析：　根据上文中的breathing regularly可知，此时老人的呼吸
正常，所以应该是呼吸时不费力气。
21. A. bothering B. stopping
C. observing D. checking
解析：　根据上文可知，作者现在仍然在给老人检查脉搏。
22. A. medical B. criminal
C. career D. online
解析：　这里是说老人之前无疾病史。
23. A. exciting B. tiring
C. amusing D. inspiring
解析：　根据上文中的It had been a good holiday， but可知，旅
行很愉快，但是也令人疲惫。
24. A. participant B. customer
C. pilot D. passenger
解析：　此时是在飞机上，所以有情况应是汇报给飞行员。
25. A. for B. over C. by D. in
解析：　根据下文可知，飞行员告诉作者，要么20分钟后降
落，要么2个小时后降落，所以此处应是在20分钟后。
26. A. get on B. look on
C. try on D. carry on
解析：　根据上文可推测，此处指继续飞行2个小时在多伦
多降落。
27. A. land B. fly C. drive D. sail
解析：　参见上题解析。
28. A. unfortunately B. hopefully
C. immediately D. universally
解析：　根据下文中的remain in good health for years to come可
知，老人对自己在未来岁月保持健康充满希望。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　（2024·合肥高一下期末）On 20 July 1969， American astronauts
Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin 29. 　　　　　　 （land） on the
moon.Neil and Buzz could only spend two and a half hours on the moon
because of the limited supply of oxygen in their tanks.
　　Because Neil was the leader of the task， NASA awarded him the
honour of 30. 　　　　　　 （step） onto the moon first.
　　31. 　　　　　　 （careful） Neil climbed down the ladder.He had
given much thought 32. 　　　　　　 what he’d say.After all， his
words 33. 　　　　　　 （hear） all over the world.Neil’s message
was， “That’s one small step for [a] man， one giant leap for
mankind.”
　　But as Neil set foot on the moon， four hundred and fifty million
people 34. 　　　　　　 （listen） heard him say， “That’s one small
step for man， one giant leap for mankind.” Possibly Neil forgot the
word “a” or else the poor sound from the moon 35. 　　　　　　
（be） responsible for cutting out that one little word.Whatever the exact
words， their meaning was clear.36. 　　　　　　 was indeed a
landmark event in the history of the world.
　　Neil controlled a TV camera so viewers on Earth could watch the two
men in their space suits walking 37. 　　　　　　 no human beings had
ever been before.Wherever they walked they left 38. 　　　　　　
（footprint） in the moon dust.Those footprints are still there today！
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿
姆斯特朗登月的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章简要介绍了美国宇航员尼尔·阿
姆斯特朗登月的故事。
29. landed　本句时间状语为On 20 July 1969，应用一般过去时。故填
landed。
30. stepping　本空前面是介词of，因此这里应用动词-ing形式。故填
stepping。
31. Carefully　本空所填词修饰谓语动词climbed，应用副词形式。故
填Carefully。
32. to　give sth thought/give thought to sth是固定搭配，表示“认真考
虑某事”。故填to。
33. would be heard　此处表示从过去看将来，另外他的话“将被听
到”，因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be heard。
34. listening　本空所填词作后置定语，修饰前面的名词people；由于
表示主动概念，应用动词-ing形式。故填listening。
35. was　本句主语为the poor sound，表示单数概念，根据上下文可
知，时态为一般过去时，故填was。
36. It　这里填入It，表示前面提到的尼尔·阿姆斯特朗登月一事。
37. where　这里应用从属连词where引导地点状语从句。
38. footprints　footprint是可数名词，这里表示复数概念。下一句中的
Those footprints亦是提示。故填footprints。(共48张PPT)
Section Ⅰ
Listening and Speaking
1
话题听说·勤操练
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
话题听说·勤操练
志在强化技能
1
话题听力提能 ——捕捉信息，精准判断
听下面4段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第1段材料，回答第1至3题。
1. What time did the news broadcast？（　　）
A. Seven o’clock.
B. Six o’clock.
C. Eight o’clock.
2. What was the news about？（　　）
A. It’s about the space station.
B. It’s about the space.
C. It’s about the astronauts.
3. Why is the man interested in such news？（　　）
A. Because he hopes to go to the moon one day.
B. Because he is an astronaut.
C. Because he wants to do research in space.
听第2段材料，回答第4至6题。
4. What day is it today？（　　）
A. Monday. B. Tuesday. C. Wednesday.
5. Which character does the man like most？（　　）
A. The mad scientist.
B. The Jedi.
C. Spiderman.
6. What does the woman think of Spiderman？（　　）
A. Brave. B. Shy. C. Funny.
听第3段材料，回答第7至9题。
7. What are the Racers？（　　）
A. It is a TV play.
B. It is a film.
C. It is a dress.
8. What are the speakers mainly talking about？（　　）
A. Famous actors.
B. A music CD.
C. Two films.
9. What does the man say about Spaceship？（　　）
A. The acting was exciting.
B. The special effects were great.
C. The dresses were colourful.
听第4段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What happened early on Saturday？（　　）
A. A gas pipe blew up.
B. Three aid workers were killed.
C. A Russian rocket went up into space.
11. How many people were injured in the tour bus accident？（　　）
A. At least four.
B. About thirty.
C. Over forty.
12. Where is the last piece of news from？（　　）
A. France. B. Italy. C. Britain.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Did you hear the 6 o’clock news？
W：No， I didn’t.Was there anything interesting？
M：They’ve built another space station.They will send it up sometime
next year.
W：Oh， I’ve read about the plan somewhere.Is there anything else？
M：Just think！ Astronauts will live and do research work there.
W：Really？ But I wonder why you’re interested in such things.
M：I’ve always been.I hope to go to the moon one day.
W：Oh， I see.
（Text 2）
M：So， what are you going to wear at the costume party on Friday？
W：I’ll be going as the mad scientist from my favourite video game.My
costume’s pretty cool.How about you？
M：I’m not sure whether to go as a Jedi fighter from the recent Star
Wars movie， or as the crime fighter and wall crawler， Spiderman.I’m
kind of leaning towards Spiderman.
W：Why Spiderman？
M：Somehow， I feel I have a special connection with him.
W：Why？ Is it because he doesn’t have the courage to talk to the girl
he likes？
M：Yeah， sort of.Whatever， I still have four days to decide.
（Text 3）
M：So what do you think？ Racers was a good film， wasn’t it？ What
about getting a CD of the music？
W：Well， to be honest， I prefer the music in Spaceship.
M：Mmm， you’re right.The acting in Spaceship wasn’t as good as in
Racers， though.
W：That’s true.And what about the dresses？ They were really
colourful in Racers.
M：Yeah — not in Spaceship， though — they all wore grey！ Quite
disappointing.But the special effects in that film were amazing.
W：There were hardly any special effects in Racers.It had great action
scenes， though.
M：Yeah， Spaceship wasn’t quite as exciting， was it？ I think Racers
was the best we’ve seen this week.
（Text 4）
M：Good evening.This is the 9 o’clock news.
First， the headlines.A gas pipe blew up in Southern France and is
believed to have killed more than forty people.The cause is still unknown.
Three aid workers in Rome were killed when their trucks were attacked
early this morning.
A Russian rocket lifted off early on Saturday， carrying the first space
tourist， California businessman Dennis Tito， and two others on a
journey to the international space station.
A tour bus carrying sleeping middle school students from Boston drove off
a highway on Friday morning， killing at least four children and injuring
about thirty.
And Prince Aadrew has finally opened the new bridge over the River
Thames at Greenwich.Now for more of those stories in detail ...
　　话题表达实战 ——聚焦主题，定向突破
　　情境：Lily和Mary对神秘的太空充满了好奇，她们在谈论宇航员
的生活。
　　阅读并根据提示完成下面对话。
Lily：Hey， Mary.We’re going to meet a real astronaut.Isn’t it
exciting？
Mary：Yeah.I can’t wait to see Captain Brown！ 1.
（我真的很好奇他在太空的生活）.I
have plenty of questions to ask him.
Lily：Such as？
I’m really
curious about his life in space　
Mary：Oh， such as：“What facilities do they have in space 2.
（来维持他们的日常生活）？”
Lily：That sounds like a good question.But I’d also like to know about
3. （宇航员怎样睡觉）.What do they do so as
not to float around while they sleep？
Mary：I wonder how they get exercise on space — it’s not likely that
4. （他们可以出去慢跑）.
Lily：I’d never thought of that.But then， after they exercise， I’m
very keen to find out how they wash their clothes.
to
support their daily lives　
how astronauts sleep　
they can go out jogging　
Mary：Never mind that.I’d really like to find out 5.
（女宇航员怎样洗头）.
Lily：But we are forgetting the most important question of all， aren’t
we？
Mary：And what’s that？
Lily：Well， I’d really like to find out what they do when they meet
aliens.
how women
astronauts wash their hairs　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
mental adj.精神的；思想的
【教材原句】　Astronauts not only had to learn how to use space
equipment， but also had to do a lot of mental and physical training.
宇航员不仅要学习如何使用太空设备，而且还要进行大量的心理和身
体训练。
【用法】
（1）mental development　 　智力发展
physical and mental health　　身心健康
（2）mentally adv.　　精神上地；智力上地
【佳句】　There is no doubt that taking exercise is good for mental
development.
毫无疑问，体育锻炼对智力发展有好处。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①You can keep physically and （mental） healthy if you
work out regularly.
【写美】　完成句子
②You need no matter what
happens.
无论发生什么事，你都要有积极的心态。
mentally　
to have a positive mental attitude　
intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
【教材原句】　First of all， you must be intelligent enough to get a
related college degree.
首先，你必须足够聪明才能获得相关的大学学位。
【用法】
（1）an intelligent student　　一个聪明的学生
（2）intelligence n.　　智慧，智力
intelligence test　　智力测试
high/low intelligence　　高/低智商
artificial intelligence　　人工智能
【佳句】　Emotional intelligence is just as important as academic
intelligence in building strong relationships and effective communication.
在建立牢固的人际关系和有效的沟通方面，情商和智商一样重要。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Artificial （intelligent） has revolutionized various
industries， enhancing efficiency and innovation through advanced
technology.
intelligence　
【写美】　完成句子
②The new student impressed his classmates
.
这位新同学聪明的建议和创新的想法给同学们留下了深刻的印象。
with his intelligent
suggestions and innovative ideas　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·南京高一下质检）At six years old， Jerry Morrison is
already shooting for the stars.“I want to live on another planet，” Jerry
told his uncle， Joey Jefferson， at StoryCorps in November.
　　Jefferson， 29， also fell in love with space at an early age.It started
with a space ship toy his mother gave him when he was a kid.Today he’s
a mission operations engineer at NASA’s Jet Propulsion Lab.
　　Jefferson， who lives in California， and Jerry， who lives in
Florida， meet up a few times a year， and their conversations are always
about their shared love for space.
　　“What kind of planet would you live on？” Jerry asked his uncle at
StoryCorps.
　　“Of course everybody’s going to say Mars， right？ Are you
gonna say Mars？” Jefferson replied.
　　No， Jerry wants to live much farther from Mars： on an exoplanet
（a planet beyond of the solar system） called Kepler-452b.NASA
announced its discovery of the Earth-like planet in 2015.
　　“There’re a lot of stars and a lot of exoplanets that we got to find，
and so we need people like you to keep doing what you’re doing，”
Jefferson told Jerry.
　　Jefferson wants his nephew to not only hold on to his curiosity but
also share what he learns with others.And Jerry has already gotten the
chance to do that.As a kindergartner last year， he taught a lesson to the
fifth graders in his school about the planets of the solar system.
　　“It was a big opportunity for me，” Jerry said.“I feel so
proud.”
　　Jerry said he learns about space from his uncle.“I learned from you
a lot， like more than I could imagine，” Jerry said.
　　“You’re learning so much by yourself， too， that you’re
teaching me as well，” Jefferson said.“And that’s really cool.The
more you learn， the more we realise the little things in life we take for
granted are the very things that make life possible.So when I look up in
the stars， I think about that.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jerry Morrison是一个6岁的男孩，受
到叔叔的影响，他热爱太空并志在太空。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Jerry Morrison是一个6岁的男孩，受
到叔叔的影响，他热爱太空并志在太空。
1. What made Jerry Morrison and Joey Jefferson meet now and then？
（　　）
A. A short distance. B. A similar lifestyle.
C. A close relationship. D. A common interest.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，Jerry Morrison之所以经
常和叔叔见面，是因为他们有共同的兴趣爱好。
2. What can we learn about Jerry Morrison？（　　）
A. He was very stubborn.
B. He was very ambitious.
C. He would work at NASA.
D. He was influenced by his mother.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第六段可知，Jerry Morrison的梦想是
到达比火星更远的系外行星，比叔叔的梦想更加远大。
3. What made Jerry feel very proud？（　　）
A. Sharing his knowledge.
B. Having strong curiosity.
C. Knowing a lot about space.
D. Having a lesson about space.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第八、九段可知，Jerry Morrison去年
在自己的学校给其他孩子上了一节关于太阳系行星的课，这让他感
到非常自豪。
4. Which word can best describe Jefferson according to the last
paragraph？（　　）
A. Generous. B. Humorous.
C. Modest. D. Hard-working.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Joey Jefferson听到侄
子的感谢后，不但不居功，而且说侄子也教给他很多东西，可见他
非常谦虚。
B
　　（2024·烟台高一下月考）If asked whether space exploration should
continue， most Americans would give an immediate response either in
favour of continuing or in favour of ending space exploration.A common
response would be that space exploration is a waste of money.An average
American， uneducated on the subject， might believe that the
government is wasting billions of dollars on the research that has no
value.Someone ignorant of the subject might say that a space shuttle goes
up once in a while and that is about all that happens.Research is ongoing
and continues when there are no shuttles being launched.This also costs
the government money.Does the extreme cost of space exploration make
sense？
　　One argument is that the government is wasting money on the
research not being used on Earth.Actually， the money goes to workers
and scientists that support National Aeronautics and Space Administration
（NASA） missions， and goes to major companies that play important
roles in major sectors of the US economy.Boeing is a partner of NASA for
aircraft， the same company that makes commercial aircraft for the airline
industry.
　　Another benefit of continuing space exploration is the many spin-off
technologies （衍生技术）it provides.The artificial hearts resulted from
experiments on the space shuttle.The hand-held jaws of life used to save
victims from car accidents originated from the system used to separate the
space shuttle from its booster rockets.Insulation in homes that keeps them
warm and energy efficient is based on the technology used to insulate the
space shuttle.
　　There are direct benefits to the economy provided by NASA missions
as well as spin-off technologies.These advances are found in food，
building materials， medical procedures and the vehicles we drive.While
it can be proven that billions of dollars that could be used elsewhere is
being spent on space exploration， the benefits it provides outweigh the
negative aspects.As a matter of fact， the money spent helps to improve
the quality of our lives.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章列举了太空研究的好处，如提
供衍生技术以及带来直接的经济效益等。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章列举了太空研究的好处，如提
供衍生技术以及带来直接的经济效益等。
解析：　写作手法题。根据第二段中的 Actually， the money goes
to workers and scientists 和 goes to major companies that play
important roles 可知， 事实上，钱花在了工作人员和科学家以及在
美国经济中起重要作用的公司身上。由此可知，第二段主要就美国
航空业的花费进行了分析和说明。
5. How is Paragraph 2 mainly developed？（　　）
A. By listing data.
B. By offering analysis.
C. By giving some examples.
D. By presenting research findings.
6. What is the function of jaws of life？（　　）
A. To save people from traffic accidents.
B. To do experiments on the space shuttle.
C. To keep houses warm and energy efficient.
D. To separate the space shuttle from its booster rockets.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段第三句可知，救生颌的作用是
挽救出车祸的人。
7. What does the author think of space exploration？（　　）
A. It has changed our lives completely.
B. It costs too much money.
C. It has nothing to do with us.
D. It benefits us in many ways.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段第一句及最后一段内容可知，
作者认为太空探索有很多好处。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　（2024·郑州高一下期末）A picture speaks a thousand words.And
with over a thousand emoji （表情符号） pictures to represent our
words， who needs to speak or write any more？！ Let’s take a closer
look at the UK’s fastest-growing language.
　　According to Professor Vyv Evans of Bangor University， emoji is
the UK’s fastest-growing language — evolving faster than any language
in history.8.（　　） In the UK they are becoming more popular than
Internet abbreviations （缩写） like “lol” （laughing out loud），
“muah” （the sound of a kiss） or “xoxoxo” （hugs and kisses）.9.
（　　） In New York’s Museum of Modern Art you can now see the
first set of the 176 original emojis.
　　10.（　　） But why？ They allow us to personalise text and have
fun as we express ourselves， make people laugh and be creative in how
we use them.UK teenagers also told us they really appreciated the fact that
emojis are quick and easy.
　　People also really identify with their favourite emojis.11.（　　）
What does your recently used emoji board say about you？ Is it full of
party poppers （礼花） and smileys （笑脸）？ Or unhappy faces？ In
the UK， the most used emojis are “face with tears of joy” “face
blowing a kiss” and “love heart”.12.（　　） You can also tell a lot
about a culture from their emoji complaints.Until 2015 when the “cheese
wedge” arrived， British people were constantly complaining about the
lack of cheese！ Now， the addition of “bacon” in 2016 means we’re
very close to a full English breakfast.
A. We all seem to like emojis.
B. Emojis are more effective than words.
C. They make online chatting more colourful.
D. The emojis we choose can reflect our personality.
E. They have inspired fashion and are even recognised as art！
F. Maybe the British are more fun and romantic than people think！
G. These little electronic images started in Japanese mobile phones in the
1990s and are now hugely popular.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。表情符号在网络上无处不在。它们
为什么受到人们的广泛欢迎呢？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。表情符号在网络上无处不在。它们
为什么受到人们的广泛欢迎呢？
8. G　上句提到表情符号的演绎和发展，而G项追溯了其源头，故G
项符合语境。
9. E　下句提到表情符号进入了纽约现代艺术博物馆，这说明它们被
人们视为艺术，故E项符合语境。
10. A　下文解释了人们喜欢表情符号的原因，因此But why？前必然
是陈述了此事实，故A项符合语境。
11. D　上句指出人们跟自己喜欢的表情符号会有某种关联，也就是
说，我们选择的表情符号会反映我们的性格。故D项符合语境。
12. F　上句提到在英国最受欢迎的表情符号包括“喜极而
泣”“飞吻”和“红心”，这显然说明英国人还是很浪漫的。故F
项符合语境。(共78张PPT)
Section Ⅲ
Discovering Useful Structures
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
2
知识要点·须拾遗
3
课时检测·提能力
1
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
动词不定式
①Today， scientists design vehicles to carry astronauts into space to
make important discoveries.
②Space exploration has come a long way， and we now hope to discover
other planets that are suitable enough to support life.
③However， while such disasters brought much sadness and
disappointment， the desire to explore the universe did not die.
④China became the third country in the world to independently send
humans into space in 2003 ...
⑤On 23 July 2020， China sent Tianwen 1 to explore the surface of
Mars.
⑥And from 2021 to 2022， China completed a number of rocket missions
to establish its own space station.
⑦This modern space station will allow astronauts to conduct many
important experiments ...
⑧Many countries have plans to further study planets like Mars and
Jupiter.
⑨Despite the difficulties， scientists hope to make more valuable
discoveries that will enable the human race to survive well into the future.
【我的发现】
（1）句 为动词不定式作状语。
（2）句 为动词不定式作定语。
（3）句 为动词不定式作宾语。
（4）句 为动词不定式作宾语补足语。
①⑤⑥　
③④⑧　
②　
⑦⑨　
一、动词不定式的时态和语态
　 　语态 时态 主动形式 被动形式
一般式 to do to be done
进行式 to be doing —
完成式 to have done to have been done
否定形式 在to前加not 在to前加not
My father has decided to cut out smoking.
我的父亲已经决定戒烟了。
The meeting to be held tomorrow is of great importance.
明天要举行的会议很重要。
I’m very sorry to have kept you sitting around doing nothing.
让你一直无所事事地闲坐着我感到很抱歉。
【即时演练1】　用所给词的适当形式填空
①I am honoured （deliver） a speech at the opening
ceremony on behalf of our school.
②The question （discuss） tomorrow is about the
pollution.
③The book is said to （translate） into four
languages so far.
④The little boy pretended （read） the book when his
teacher entered the classroom.
to deliver　
to be discussed　
have been translated　
to be reading　
二、动词不定式作定语
　动词不定式作定语修饰名词或代词，动词不定式和它所修饰的词之
间有逻辑上的动宾关系、主谓关系、动状关系或同位关系。动词不定
式通常要放在这些被修饰词的后面。
1. 动词不定式作定语常放在名词或不定代词后面作后置定语，表示尚
未发生的动作。
I have something important to tell you.
我有重要的事要告诉你。
2. 名词前有first、 last、 next、 only等词以及最高级修饰时，其后要
用动词不定式作后置定语。
She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
她是第一位在奥运会上获得金牌的女性。
3. 抽象名词attempt、 ability、 chance、 desire、 opportunity、
courage、 plan、 way或不定代词something、 nothing等后面常用动
词不定式作后置定语。
Janis Adkins has the ability and desire to do useful work.
詹尼斯·阿德金斯有能力和愿望去做有用的工作。
This can be useful for business such as restaurants and stores because it
offers a new way to attract customers.
这对饭店和商店这样的生意很有用，因为它提供了新的吸引顾客的
方法。
4. 当名词与定语之间存在主谓关系时，要用动词不定式作定语。
We must find a person to do the job.
我们必须找一个做这份工作的人。
名师点津
（1）动词不定式作定语时，要放在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
Attention， please.The astronaut has something important to say.
请注意，这名宇航员有重要的事情要说。
（2）如果动词不定式是不及物动词，后面就应有必要的介词。
Give me a piece of paper to write on.
给我一张纸写字。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①In many homes in the UK， the first person （wake） up
has to make tea for the family.
②The airport （complete） next year will help
promote tourism in this area.
③（2023·新课标Ⅰ卷）We’re all changing and learning all the time and
mistakes are a positive way （develop） and grow.
④Carol was happy that she had the chance
（experience） the life in the city.
⑤These courses offer us opportunities （improve） our
abilities to appreciate art.
to wake　
to be completed　
to develop　
to experience　
to improve　
三、动词不定式作状语
　动词不定式在句中作状语，主要用来表示目的、原因及结果等。
1. 作目的状语，置于句首或句末，置于句首时常表示强调。为加强语
气，常与in order to或so as to 组成短语。
To get some work experience， I intend to take up a part-time job in
summer vacation.
为了获得一些工作经验，我打算在暑假做一份兼职。
In order to improve customer satisfaction， the company offered a
loyalty rewards program.
为了提高顾客的满意度，公司推出了忠诚奖励计划。
She asked me to drive her to the airport so as to catch the 5：00 plane.
为了赶上5点的飞机，她让我开车把她送到机场。
2. 作原因状语，多用于“sb＋be＋adj.＋to do ...”结构中。
I’m disappointed to hear you lack the patience.
听说你缺乏耐心我很失望。
If so， you may be surprised to learn that libraries have changed for
the better.
如果这样的话，你可能会很惊讶地发现图书馆已经变得更好了。
3. 作结果状语，多用于too ...to ...、 enough to ...、 only to do
（表示意料之外的结果的发生）、 so/such ...as to ...（如此……
以至于……）结构中。
The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.
加利福尼亚号来得太晚，没能挽救更多人。
The boy is old enough to take care of himself.
这个男孩足够大了，能照顾他自己了。
He hurried to the agency only to find the manager had left.
他匆忙赶到代理处，却发现经理已经离开了。
She is （so） proud as to look down upon others.
她太骄傲了，看不起别人。
4. 独立的动词不定式多用作插入语，表示说话人的心理状态或对事情
的看法。
To make matters worse， e-dictionaries mean more pollution than
paper dictionaries.
更糟糕的是，电子词典比传统纸质词典污染更严重。
名师点津
动词不定式与动词-ing形式作结果状语的区别：
（1）动词不定式作结果状语强调的是一种意想不到的结果。
Anxiously， she took the dress out of the package and tried it on，
only to find it didn’t fit.
她焦急地从包裹中取出裙子，然后试穿了一下，结果发现它不
合身。
（2）动词-ing形式作结果状语强调的是一种顺承的、必然造成的
结果。
He failed his exam， making his father angry.
他考试不及格，使他父亲很生气。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
① （learn） more about Chinese culture， Jack has
decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
②Without a second thought， Paul drove the car quickly back to the
two cyclists， only （find） they were gone.
To learn　
to find　
③When the gorillas and I frightened each other， I was just
glad （find） them alive.
④Would you be so kind as （spare） some time to
come and join us？
to find　
to spare　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
lack n.缺乏；短缺 vt.没有；缺乏
【教材原句】　Astronauts’ bones and muscles can get very weak in
space due to the lack of gravity， so they need to exercise every day，
which will help them stay healthy.
由于缺乏重力，宇航员的骨骼和肌肉在太空中会变得非常虚弱，所以
他们需要每天锻炼，这将有助于他们保持健康。
【用法】
（1）（a） lack of ...　　　　缺少……
for lack of ...　　由于缺乏……
（2）lacking adj.　　缺乏的；缺少的
be lacking in sth　　缺少某物
【佳句】　①The reason why he failed in the driving test was that he
lacked confidence in himself.
他驾照考试失败的原因是对他自己缺乏信心。
②The project had to be abandoned for lack of funds.
工程因资金缺乏只得放弃。
③He carried on with the project although he was lacking in experience.
尽管他缺乏经验，他还是把这个项目进行了下去。
【写美】　一句多译
因缺乏自信，我站在舞台上，低着头，双腿不受控制地颤抖。
（读后续写之动作描写）
→ ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ，I stood on the stage，with my head
lowered and my legs trembling without control.
→Because ， I stood on the stage， with
my head lowered and my legs trembling without control.
For lack of confidence　
I lacked confidence　
I was lacking in confidence　
beyond prep.在更远处；超出
【教材原句】　Sending people to other planets or even beyond the solar
system is not an easy goal to achieve.
把人们送到其他星球，甚至是超出太阳系并不是很容易就能实现
的目标。
beyond words　　　　　难以言喻
beyond one’s reach　　够不着
beyond expectation　　出乎意料
beyond control　　失去控制
beyond repair　　无法修理
beyond sb　　使某人无法想象（或理解、做等）
【用法】
【佳句】　Unfortunately， my car was beyond control.As a result， it
ran into a tree and it was beyond repair.
不幸的是，我的车失去了控制。结果，它撞上了一棵树，无法修
理了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I should have told you in advance， but something happened beyond
my （expect）.
expectation　
②I couldn’t allow you to be admitted into the club， because it
was .
我不能允许你进入俱乐部，因为这超出了我的权力。
③I turned to my teacher for help， for
.
我向老师寻求帮助，因为我无法理解整个问题。
beyond my power　
the whole problem was beyond
me　
【写美】　完成句子
3
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
维度一：基础题型练
1. （win） the competition， the competitors have to
practice hard day and night.
2. Many buildings in our school need repairing， but the one
（repair） first is the library.
3. The old man sitting in front of the television was happy
（watch） anything that happened to be on.
To win　
to be
repaired　
to watch　
4. Thanks to your encouragement， I finally got the courage
（face） the challenge.
5. It is recognised that he is the best man （do） the job.
6. After school we went to the reading room to do some reading，
only （tell） that it was being decorated.
7. With a lot of work （do）， she wasn’t allowed to leave
her office.
8. （save） energy， we turn off the lights for Earth Hour.
to face　
to do　
to be told　
to do　
To save　
9. （realise） his dream of entering a key university，
Jack studies harder than ever.
10. I am to join in the reading competition （hold） next
month.
11. More importantly， it is also a good opportunity
（express） your best wishes to our school.
12. Tu Youyou became the first Chinese scientist （win） the
Nobel Prize in Medicine.
To realise　
to be held　
to express　
to win　
13. As a matter of fact， they were very surprised
（inform） of the news.
to be informed　
维度二：语法与写作
1. You may have chances who’ll appear when
you’re in need.
你可能有机会结识新朋友，他们会在你有困难时出现。
2. All the teachers tomorrow should
wear the uniforms.
明天出席开幕式的所有老师都应该穿制服。
3. During my last winter holiday， I went to the countryside with my
father .
去年寒假，我和父亲一起去乡下看望了我的祖父母。
to make new friends　
to attend the opening ceremony　
to visit my grandparents　
4. ， we have decided to
donate some books to your school.
为了帮助同学们学好英语，我们已决定为你们学校捐赠一批图书。
5. before we are ready for
a long stay on the moon.
在我们做好在月球上长期停留的准备之前，还有许多问题要解决。
6. Knowing a Chinese painting exhibition will be held at the gallery next
month， .
得知美术馆下个月将举办中国画展览，我写信申请当一名志愿者。
To help the students to learn English better　
There are still many problems to be solved　
I am writing to apply to become a volunteer　
维度三：语法填空
　　Last weekend， I went to a bookstore 1. （buy）
some books.There I came across a boy.He was old enough 2.
（read） by himself.He wanted to buy a geography book that
cost one dollar.However， he had only sixty-two cents in his
pocket.The money was too little for him 3. （get） that
book.The boy looked quite disappointed， but he was determined
4. （try） some other bookstores to get one.Because I
wanted to know the result， I decided 5. （follow） him.
to buy　
to
read　
to get　
to try　
to follow　
　　The boy tried four different bookstores 6. （find） a
cheaper book， but he went from one store to another， only 7.
（find） the book more expensive.In the sixth bookstore， the
owner found that the boy was worried， so he asked him why he was
anxious 8. （get） a geography book.The boy told him that
he wanted to become a sailor like his father.He wanted to learn more
about geography.9. （hear） what the boy
said， the owner gave him one for free.The boy was very excited.The
result was satisfying.Before I left， I gave the boy two dollars so that
he was able to have money 10. （buy） more books.
to find　
to
find　
to get　
Hearing/Having heard　
to buy　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·山东六校高一下联考）When Perla Latorre-Suarez was a
child， she remembers holding her brother’s hand in the mountainous
Orocovis region in Puerto Rico where she grew up and looking up a clear
night as the International Space Station （ISS） flew overhead.“That
day， my parents explained it to me； this is where all my interest in
space came from，” Latorre-Suarez says.
　　Her love was further developed by a schoolteacher who encouraged
her to pursue science， a trip to Kennedy Space Center during a family
vacation， and visits to the Arecibo Observatory in Puerto Rico， which
University of Central Florida （UCF） manages for the US National
Science Foundation.Today， she is earning a master’s degree in
aerospace engineering at UCF. Her current area of research is 3D printing
sensors.“My biggest goal is to be able to work on space missions， such
as the Artemis moon mission，” she says.“I want to ensure
astronauts’ safety while exploring other planetary surfaces.”
　　Latorre-Suarez decided to study at UCF because of its excellent and
supportive faculty （全体教师）.As an outstanding student， she had
plenty of choices.“UCF has amazing teachers， such as Dr （Seetha）
Raghavan， that are always willing to help their students to achieve their
goals，” she says.“UCF has given me the opportunity to grow as a
professional and as a person.” Latorre-Suarez credits Raghavan with her
pursuit of space-related research at UCF. Together they pursued 3D
printing and later determined they could probably use an autonomous
application method for space missions.It is something Latorre-Suarez
continues to work on today because she knows it will make a difference.
　　“Exploring space is important because we can get many answers that
we will not be able to get here on Earth，” she says.“We can get
answers about the history of our solar system and understand its
formation.Through these answers， we will be able to expand
technologies that will benefit us here on Earth as well as contribute to
further exploration.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技
术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Perla Latorre-Suarez致力于研发新技
术，保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全。
1. When did Latorre-Suarez find her interest in space？（　　）
A. When she saw the ISS.
B. When she became a member of UCF.
C. When she visited Kennedy Space Center.
D. When she did experiments with her brother.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，当Latorre-Suarez看到国
际空间站从天上飞过时，她对太空产生了浓厚的兴趣。
2. What did Latorre-Suarez want to do most in the future？（　　）
A. Land on the moon.
B. Work with UCF teachers.
C. Win herself a place at UCF.
D. Prevent astronauts from danger.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段可知，Latorre-Suarez最大的目
标是保障宇航员在太空作业时的安全，使他们远离危险。
3. Why did Latorre-Suarez mention Raghavan in Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. To explain why she chose UCF.
B. To show how lucky she was to stay at UCF.
C. To describe how strict the teachers were at UCF.
D. To prove the achievements of UCF in space exploration.
解析：　推理判断题。第三段中的Latorre-Suarez decided to study
at UCF because of its excellent and supportive faculty （全体教师）.
为本段的主旨句。下文提到的关于Dr （Seetha） Raghavan的内容
是对本句的解释说明。由此可知，本段解释了Latorre-Suarez选择佛
罗里达大学的原因。
4. What does Latorre-Suarez think of exploring space？（　　）
A. It is still limited.
B. It develops fast.
C. It helps humanity to move forward.
D. It is a waste of both time and money.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段可知，Latorre-Suarez认为探
索太空可以帮助我们提高技术，更好地认识地球，同时也可以为以
后更加深入的太空探索作好准备。
B
　　（2024·太原高一下质检）Astronauts travelling in space meet
various forms of radiation that are uncommon on Earth.Some of the
radiation has been shown to be harmful to human health.It is linked to
cancers and heart problems.Yet a new American study suggests the
radiation does not shorten astronauts’ lives.
　　Researchers studied nearly 60 years of health records and other data
of male astronauts from the United States.They then compared the data
with information about a group of men who are in good health， richer
than most Americans and receive good health care — professional
athletes.The study found that neither group has higher rates of dying at a
young age.In fact， both groups generally live longer than other
Americans.
　　“Astronauts are usually well educated， earn more money and are in
better physical condition than the average American.Some earlier research
has linked being an astronaut to a lower risk of early death，” the
researchers noted.The findings were reported in Occupational and
Environmental Medicine.
　　Much of the existing research on mortality rates of astronauts has not
yet explored the mental and physical demands of this job.There also has
not been a lot of research on whether astronauts show what is known as the
“healthy worker effect”.“This effect shows people with employment
of any kind have fewer medical problems than people who are unable to
work，” said Robert Reynolds.
　　Reynolds said，“The challenge has always been to understand
whether astronauts are as healthy as they would be if they had been
otherwise comparably employed but had never gone to space at all.To do
this， we need to find a group that is comparable on several important
factors.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会
缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，太空中的辐射不会
缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。
5. How did researchers carry out their study？（　　）
A. By doing interviews.
B. By analysing some factors.
C. By comparing different data.
D. By doing experiments in the lab.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，研究人员是通过
对比不同的数据进行研究的。
6. What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A. All radiation is harmful to human health.
B. Athletes tend to be poorer than most Americans.
C. The “healthy worker effect” shows working people are healthier.
D. Research has explored the mental and physical demands of being
astronauts.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第四段可知，“健康工作者效应”显
示，有工作的人比那些不能工作的人有更少的健康方面的问题，即
有工作的人身体更健康。
7. What can be inferred from Reynolds’ words？（　　）
A. Researchers are determined to face the challenge.
B. The research is very difficult to conduct.
C. Finding a similar group is easy.
D. Astronauts are not as healthy as athletes.
解析：　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Reynolds说的话可知，如
果这些宇航员当初没有去太空，而是被雇用做了其他工作，那么他
们的健康状况是否与现在相同。要想完成这项研究，则需要找到在
这几个重要因素上具有对照性的群体。由此推断，这项研究很难进
行下去。
8. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Astronauts — Healthy or Otherwise
B. Astronauts Are as Healthy as Athletes
C. Radiation Affects Astronauts’ Health
D. Astronauts — Be Well Educated and Earn More
解析：　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项研
究，该研究表明，太空辐射不会缩短宇航员的寿命，但其健康状况
是否会受到影响仍然是未知的。因此A项（宇航员——健康与否）
适合作本文的标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Over the years， we have discovered that our students seem to have
more success with some methods of learning new words than with
others.We’ll show you the methods we have found to be the most
successful for our students.9.（　　）
　　Basic Method 1：Seeing Is Remembering
　　Letting a new word suggest a vivid mental image to you is a powerful
and effective way to remember that word.Mental images are really
mnemonics （记忆术）， too.They help you remember.10.（　　）
When it comes to mental images， crazy is better than normal.Normal is
boring.Crazy is dramatic.
　　Basic Method 2：Etymological （词源的） Clues
　　Although the English language contains hundreds of thousands of
words， you will discover that many groups of words are related in
meaning.11.（　　） When you recognise that a group of words shares a
similar root， you will more easily remember the entire group.
　　Basic Method 3：Writing on Your Brain
　　Many people find that they can learn new information more readily if
they write it down.12.（　　） Perhaps the explanation is that by writing
you are bringing another sense into play — you’ve seen the word，
you’ve said and heard the word， and now you’re feeling the word.
　　Basic Method 4：Putting It All Together with Flash Cards and a
Notebook
　　A flash card is a simple piece of paper or cardboard with a word on
one side and a definition on the other.You may have used flash cards when
you were first learning to read， or when you were first tackling a foreign
language.13.（　　） You should also indicate the pronunciation if you
aren’t sure you’ll remember it.
A. Use the one or ones that suit you best.
B. You don’t have to write each word on a card.
C. The emphasis here is on suggestive mental pictures.
D. Why？ Because they developed from a common root.
E. Many students find it hard to remember long English words.
F. The physical act of writing seems to plant the information more firmly.
G. Most of our students write a word on one side and the definition on the
other.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四
种方法和建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何背单词给我们提供了四
种方法和建议。
9. A　上句提到一些背单词的好方法，本句接着建议我们“选择适合
自己的一种或多种方法”，故A项符合语境。
10. C　下句建议我们在背单词时大脑中想象一些图画，故C项（这里
强调具有暗示性的图画）符合语境。
11. D　上句指出英语中很多单词词义相互有联系，这里进一步说明
其原因是很多词汇具有相同的词根，故D项符合语境。
12. F　本段强调书写对于我们记忆单词时的巨大帮助，故F项（书写
可以将单词深深地植入我们的大脑）符合语境。
13. G　本段建议我们通过制作卡片背单词，故G项（卡片的一边写单
词，另一边写词义）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　One day recently， Laurie Fenby was shopping at a garage sale in
Rochester New York.As she was leaving， she noticed a 　14　 on the
ground.She looked inside and 　15　 a Jamaican driver’s license and
some cash.She tried all the usual ways to 　16　 the man， whose name
was George.
　　Her efforts were 　17　 — she couldn’t find him through Google or
Facebook.And then she asked for 　18　 through Nextdoor， a
community website.Laurie received a lot of ideas and responses.
　　But one lady 　19　 that she contact a little store that has many
Jamaican migrant workers as clients.Laurie called the 　20　 and found
that yes， indeed， there was someone named George who lost his
wallet.When George contacted her he was able to 　21　 all the contents
of the wallet and Laurie was able to return it.
　　But it didn’t stop there.Laurie asked George， “What do you and
the migrant workers 　22　？” He said they could use some warm
clothes.Laurie 　23　 contacted the next-door community and organised a
clothing drive.She 　24　 lots of T-shirts， sweatshirts， and shoes.
　　Recently Laurie was able to 　25　 George and the other migrant
workers in Rochester， and she 　26　 them to pick apples together.
　　They’re so 　27　 to Laurie and her friends.Losing the
wallet 　28　 to be a blessing in disguise — none of this community-
building or friendship would have happened if the wallet had stayed in
George’s pocket.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，
她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Laurie Fenby无意中捡到一个钱包，
她辗转找到失主后，又发生了新的故事。
14. A. handbag B. wallet
C. box D. present
解析：　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby在地上捡到一个钱包。
15. A. placed B. found
C. confirmed D. picked
解析：　Laurie Fenby在钱包里发现了一个牙买加驾照和一
些现金。
16. A. connect B. recognise
C. locate D. attract
解析：　Laurie Fenby尝试了所有常用的方法，去确定失主的位
置。locate表示“找出或指出某人/某物的准确位置或地点”。
17. A. in vain B. in case
C. in turn D. in order
解析：　根据下文可知， Laurie Fenby没有通过Google或
Facebook找到失主，因此她的努力是徒劳的。in vain表示“无结
果地； 徒劳地”。
18. A. opinions B. permission
C. choices D. advice
解析：　然后Laurie Fenby通过Nextdoor网站向网友征求意见。
19. A. realised B. considered
C. suggested D. demanded
解析：　有一位女士建议Laurie Fenby跟一家商店联系，那家商
店有一些牙买加人顾客。
20. A. store B. company
C. factory D. office
解析：　Laurie Fenby听从了那位女士的建议，给那家商店打了
电话。
21. A. predict B. identify
C. guess D. determine
解析：　失主George打来了电话，能够正确说出钱包里的物
品。identify表示“确认、证明某人或某事”。
22. A. lose B. gain C. need D. think
解析：　Laurie Fenby关心地问George和其他移民工人需要
什么。
23. A. eventually B. gradually
C. immediately D. occasionally
解析：　听了George的答复后， Laurie Fenby立刻跟附近的社区
联系，组织了一场募集衣服的活动。
24. A. received B. donated
C. collected D. produced
解析：　活动发起后， Laurie Fenby收到了很多T恤衫、运动衫
和鞋等。
25. A. invite B. know
C. influence D. meet
解析：　最近Laurie Fenby和George以及其他移民工人见了面。
26. A. joined B. allowed
C. affected D. advised
解析：　Laurie Fenby加入了George和其他移民工人，跟他们一
起摘苹果。
27. A. polite B. patient
C. sensitive D. grateful
解析：　由于Laurie Fenby不仅归还了George的钱包，而且还帮
助了其他工人，因此他们对她非常感激。
28. A. turned out B. went over
C. took off D. gave away
解析：　对George来说，丢失钱包结果是塞翁失马，坏事变成
了好事。turn out 表示“结果是”；a blessing in disguise 表示“塞
翁失马；因祸得福”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　So far， the Internet 29. 　　 （bring） us great convenience.To a
certain extent， we can hardly live without it.30. 　　， it also raises all
sorts of questions： when surfing the Internet， how can we protect
ourselves？ How can we use the Internet 31. 　　 （responsible）？ The
following guidelines may show you how to live in the digital world.
　　Above all else， you should use the Internet in a safe way.You must
always be careful about which sites 32. 　　 （trust）.One wrong click
may damage your computer and remove all your computer files！
Therefore， before visiting a web page， always check for signs that warn
people of danger.Another tip is to keep your personal information
private， 33. 　　 （include） your phone number， address and email
account.
　　You also need to show respect when communicating with other online
users.Leave 34. 　　 （comment） politely and treat others 35. 　　 way
you would like to be treated.Though the majority of online users 36. 　　
（be） nice and friendly， there might be some users who make you feel
37. 　　 （comfort） online.In such cases， be aware that you always
have the right to say no and cut off contact.Remember that relationships
you establish in the digital world are just the same 38. 　　 those you have
in real life.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出
了建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何在网络世界中生活提出
了建议。
29. has brought　根据So far可知，此处应用现在完成时。主语the
Internet为第三人称单数。故填has brought。
30. However/Nevertheless　空后的it also raises all sorts of questions和
上文构成转折关系，且空后有逗号，所以应用副词however或
nevertheless，表示“然而”，句首首字母应大写。故填
However/Nevertheless。
31. responsibly　修饰动词use应用副词。故填responsibly。
32. to trust　“疑问词＋to do”在句中可作主语、宾语、表语、宾语
补足语等句子成分。此处在句中作介词about的宾语。故填to trust。
ments　comment意为“评论”，为可数名词，此处表示泛
指，所以应用复数形式。故填comments。
35. the　名词way被定语从句you would like to be treated修饰，所以是
特指。故填the。
33. including　your personal information包括your phone number，
address and email account，故填介词including。
36. are　主语the majority of online users为复数，且此处描述客观事
实，所以应用一般现在时。故填are。
37. uncomfortable　根据上文Though可知，前后句意相反，所以此处
是指可能有一些用户让你在网上感到不舒服，所以应用形容词作系动
词feel的表语。故填uncomfortable。
38. as　the same as意为“与……相同”，为固定搭配。根据语境可
知，此处是指在网络中的关系和现实生活中的关系是相同的。故填as。(共112张PPT)
Part Ⅱ　Present an argument about space exploration
2
细品课文·学手法
目 录
3
演练佳作·写美文
4
核心知识 · 巧突破
5
教材词汇·练续写
6
课时检测·提能力
1
速读语篇·知文意
1
速读语篇·知文意
锻炼速读技巧
1. Why do some people think we should stop wasting time and money
exploring space？（　　）
A. Some countries are so poor that they have no ability to explore space.
B. It’s no use exploring the universe.
C. They think we should pay attention to poverty， pollution and fatal
diseases.
D. Exploring space will bring various disasters to mankind on Earth.
2. Which of the following is NOT true according to the text？（　　）
A. Exploring space has made a difference in the fight against world
hunger.
B. Many satellites orbit Earth now due to exploring space.
C. The scientists can provide useful recommendations after analysing the
data transmitted by the satellites.
D. Space technologies are used in industries rather than everyday
products.
3. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage？（　　）
A. To give tips on how to explore space.
B. To explain various ways of exploring space.
C. To call people’s attention to space exploration.
D. To advise people to stop exploring space.
2
细品课文·学手法
培育思维品质
Step 1　品教材课文
IS EXPLORING SPACE A WASTE
OF TIME AND MONEY？
　　Countries around the globe are spending billions of dollars and lots of
time on various space missions， whether to Mars or other planets much
further away.Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and
money exploring space.Instead， we should feed the world’s poor and
find immediate solutions to other problems， such as pollution and fatal
diseases.However， others feel this is a shallow view which fails to
realise how exploring space helps us.
　　Firstly， exploring space has already made a difference in the fight
against world hunger.It has directly resulted in the many satellites that
now orbit Earth.A number of the satellites record data on land and weather
patterns.Then the data is transmitted to scientists on Earth.After careful
analysis， the scientists can provide useful recommendations and advice
for farmers.As a result， space-based science has helped farming in its
efforts to grow enough food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
　　Secondly， space exploration has already promoted technological
improvements that benefit us all.High-end products around the world are
made to a higher standard now because of advanced technology which was
first created to meet the requirements for space exploration.For example，
space technologies have helped the research and development of different
types of new material.They have also helped companies make better heart
monitors and other machines that doctors regularly use.Today， space
technologies are widely used in all kinds of industries， and everyday
products， such as memory foam pillows and smartphone cameras， are
changing our lives.
　　Finally， sending astronauts into space has helped people to think
about the world’s problems and even to find ways to solve them.Seeing
pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea made people realise that
our planet’s resources are limited.In order to provide for such a rapidly
increasing population， scientists are trying to find other planets that could
one day be our new home.The greatest attention at present is on Mars
because it is closer to Earth.In the future， humans may live on both
planets.
In closing， exploring space provides the world with many different
benefits.Therefore， it should continue so as to provide new and better
solutions to people’s short-term and long-term problems.
Step 2　析写作手法
学语言：
1. 连接词：
（1）首段开头用Countries around the globe are spending billions of
dollars and lots of time on various space missions， whether to
Mars or other planets much further away.引出话题，接着用
Some people argue that ...和others feel ...提出人们的正反两
种观点，并用However一词衔接。
（2）第二段运用Firstly， exploring space has already made a
difference in the fight against world hunger.介绍了第一个分论
点，并在段中使用了Then、 After、 As a result等连接词语使
句子之间层次清晰，逻辑鲜明，语意连贯。
（3）第三段运用了because of， also等衔接词语使句子之间语
意连贯。
（4）第五段运用In closing， Therefore等衔接词语使句子之间衔接
紧密，语意连贯。
2. 高频词汇：a shallow view、 make a difference、 result in、
promote、 provide for 等词语的运用彰显了作者高人一筹的语言驾驭能力。
3. 高级句式：
（1）第一段使用了宾语从句Some people argue that we should stop
wasting time and money exploring space.及第二段运用动词-ing
形式作主语Firstly， exploring space has already made a
difference in the fight against world hunger.避免了多个简单句
的平铺直叙，使句式表达清晰、流畅，吸引读者的眼球。
（2）第三段运用了三个定语从句that benefit us all、 which was first
created to meet the requirements for space exploration和that
doctors regularly use，使表达更高级。
学结构：
参考译文
探索太空是浪费时间和金钱吗？
　　世界各国正在投入数十亿美元的资金和大量时间执行各种太空任
务，无论是去火星还是更远的星球。一部分人认为，我们应该停止浪
费时间和金钱去探索太空。相反，我们应该解决世界上穷人的温饱问
题，并尽快找到污染、致命性疾病等其他问题的解决方案。然而，另
一部分人觉得这是一种肤浅的观点，没有认识到探索太空给我们带来
的好处。
　　首先，太空探索已经在对抗世界饥饿的斗争中发挥了重要作用。
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。许多卫星记录
着陆地与天气模式数据，然后把这些数据传输给地球上的科学家。经
过仔细的分析，科学家们可以为农民提供有用的建议和意见。因此，
基于太空的科学有助于提高农业产量，从而为地球上不断增长的人口
提供充足的食物。
　　其次，太空探索推动了科技进步，使全人类受益。由于采用
了先进的技术，如今全球高端产品的生产标准提高了，而这些技
术最初是为了满足太空探索的要求而研制出来的。例如，太空技
术促进了各种新型材料的研发，还帮助一些公司制造出更好的心
脏监测仪以及医生经常使用的其他设备。如今，太空技术广泛应
用于各行各业，一些日用产品，如记忆海绵枕头、智能手机摄像
头等，正在改变我们的生活。
　　最后，将航天员送入太空促使人们思考全球问题，甚至去寻找解
决办法。看着我们星球的照片，犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛，人
们意识到地球的资源是有限的。为了满足快速增长的人口需求，科学
家们正在努力寻找有朝一日能够成为我们新家园的其他星球。目前最
受关注的是火星，因为它离地球较近。未来，人类很可能居住在这两
个星球上。
　　总而言之，太空探索给世界带来了种种好处。因此，这项事业应
该继续下去，以便为人类（面临的）的长期问题和短期问题提供更好
的更新的解决方案。
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、夺人眼球开头句
1. Recently， our class had a heated discussion about whether to carry on
space exploration.
最近，我们班就是否要进行太空探索展开了激烈的讨论。
2. Our class discussed whether to carry on space exploration or not.
我们班就是否进行太空探索展开了讨论。
3. As for the space exploration， different people have different opinions.
对于太空探索，不同的人有不同的看法。
二、亮点出彩篇中句
1. Space exploration has advantages and disadvantages.
太空探索有利有弊。
2. Countries around the globe have made great progress in space
exploration.
世界各国在太空探索方面已经取得了很大进步。
3. There are some people who support the idea because they believe space
exploration can improve a country’s comprehensive national strength.
有些人支持这个想法，因为他们认为太空探索可以提升一个国家的
综合国力。
4. Exploring space has already made a great contribution to giving us
more information about our solar system and universe.
探索太空在给我们提供更多关于太阳系和宇宙的信息方面做出了巨
大贡献。
5. Some people think space exploration is a waste of time and money.
有些人认为太空探索浪费时间和金钱。
6. Astronauts who are sent into space are faced with many dangers and
some even lose their lives.
进入太空的宇航员面临着许多危险，有些甚至会失去他们的生命。
7. The money spent on space exploration can be used to solve the Earth’s
problems， such as pollution and starvation.花在太空探索上的钱可
以用来解决地球上的问题，如污染和饥饿。
三、韵味无穷结尾句
1. As the old saying goes，“Every coin has two sides.”
常言道：“任何事情都有两面性。”
2. I think space exploration benefits the country and the people.我认为太
空探索利国利民。
3. I hope our country will make greater progress in space exploration.
我希望我国在太空探索方面取得更大进步。
3
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
　　假定你是李华，最近你班举行了一次班会，班会的主题是“太空
探索的意义”。请你结合下表内容，用英语给校报写一篇短文，客观
地介绍讨论的情况并表达自己的观点。
赞同者 反对者
1.获得新知识； 2.从太空取得新资源； 3.扩大人类的生存空间 1.耗资巨大；
2.宇航员的安全问题
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、合理布局，精心谋篇
第一段：选用合适的称呼语，提出论题；
第二段：列举正方观点和反方观点；
第三段：提出自己的观点——总结全文，言简意赅。
二、遣词造句，规范得体
1.

在前几天的班会上，我们就太空探索是否必要进行了讨论。
2.
人类可以在太空中找到新资源并加以利用。
3.

他们说这种勘探花费太多的钱，而且宇航员做这样的工作是非常危
险的。
We had a discussion over whether it’s necessary to carry out the
outer space exploration at a class meeting the other day.　
Humans can find new resources in space and use them.　
They say this kind of exploration costs too much money.And it’s
very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.　
三、恰当衔接，自然过渡
4. 用被动语态改写句2

5. 用not only ...but also ...升级句3


New resources can be found in space for humans to use.
In their opinion， not only does this kind of exploration cost too much
money but it’s also very dangerous for astronauts to do such work.
四、认真誊写，赏心悦目

　　





Dear Editor，
　　 　We had a discussion over whether it’s necessary to carry out the
outer space exploration at a class meeting the other day.Some of us think it
important to research the outer space.First， people can get a better
understanding of the outer space through their explorations.Second， new
resources can be found in space for humans to use and it will bring about
new living space for human lives.　
　　


　　



　　 　However， others don’t believe so.In their opinion， not only
does this kind of exploration cost too much money but it’s also very
dangerous for astronauts to do such work.　
　　 　In my opinion， such explorations into the outer space are
worthwhile.　
Yours，
Li Hua
4
核心知识 · 巧突破
探究课堂重点
核心词汇集释
argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论
【教材原句】　Some people argue that we should stop wasting time and
money exploring space.
有些人认为我们应该停止浪费时间和金钱去探索太空。
【用法】
（1）argue with sb （over/about sth）
（就某事）与某人争（辩）论
argue for/against sth　据理赞成/反对某事
（2）argue sb into doing sth　　说服某人做某事
argue sb out of doing sth说服某人不做某事
（3）argument n.　　争论；争吵；论点
【佳句】　①I am writing the letter in the hope of arguing you out of
being addicted to online games any longer.
我写这封信，希望说服你不要再沉迷于网络游戏了。
②There are strong arguments for and against capital punishment.
对于执行死刑，赞成与反对的双方都有强有力的论据。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She has argued that wild animals （leave） in
the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.
（should） be left　
【写美】　完成下面语段
②John he could carry Bernard through the financial
difficulty by selling popcorn.And John’s mother his
idea.Then John rushed to Bernard’s home to
in the market so as to earn some extra money.
约翰认为他可以通过卖爆米花帮助伯纳德渡过经济困难。约翰的妈妈
赞成他的主意。接着，约翰冲向伯纳德的家说服他在市场卖爆米花以
赚取一些额外的钱。
argued that　
argued for　
argue him into selling
popcorn　
result in 导致；造成
【教材原句】　It has directly resulted in the many satellites that now
orbit Earth.
如今环绕地球运行的众多卫星都直接归功于太空探索。
【用法】
（1）result from　　　由于；由……造成
（2）as a result　　结果，因此
as a result of　　作为……的结果；因为……
【佳句】　As is known to all， failure usually results from laziness
while diligence can result in success.
众所周知，失败通常源于懒惰，而勤奋可以导致成功。
【写美】　一句多译
缺乏信心导致他工作面试失败。
→A lack of confidence his failure in the job interview.
→His failure in the job interview a lack of confidence.
→He lacked confidence， and ， he failed in the job
interview.
resulted in　
resulted from　
as a result　
limited adj.有限的
【教材原句】　Seeing pictures of our planet as an island in a black sea
made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.
看着我们星球的照片，犹如黑色汪洋大海中的一个小岛，人们意识到
地球的资源是有限的。
（1）limit ...to ...　　　把……限定在……之内
（2）There is no limit to ...　　……是无限的
set a limit/limits on　　设定……的限度
without limit　　无限地，无限制地
（3）limitless adj.　　无限制的
【用法】
【佳句】　As a matter of fact， what we need is limited， but what we
want is unlimited.
事实上，我们需要的是有限的，而我们想要的是无限的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①A person’s life is but serving the people is .I
want to devote my life to serving the people .
（limit）
②Obviously， there is a limit the amount of work we can get done
in two weeks.
limited　
limitless
limited　
limitlessly　
to　
【写美】　完成句子
③It is required that the length of the article
or so.
要求文章的长度应限制在400词左右。
should be limited to 400
words　
provide for sb 提供生活所需
【教材原句】　 In order to provide for such a rapidly increasing
population， scientists are trying to find other planets that could one day
be our new home.
为了满足快速增长的人口需求，科学家们正在努力寻找有朝一日能够
成为我们新家园的其他星球。
（1）provide sb with sth＝provide sth for sb给某人提供某物
（2）supply sb with sth＝supply sth to sb给某人提供某物
（3）offer sb sth＝offer sth to sb 给某人提供某物
【用法】
【佳句】　①He worked hard to provide for his large family.他努力工
作以供养一大家子人。
②The school cafeteria strives to provide students with nutritious and
balanced meals.
学校食堂努力为学生提供营养均衡的膳食。
③They used the money to supply the students with new textbooks.
他们用这笔钱为学生们提供新教科书。
【写美】　一句多译
您可以给我提供一些如何提高英语口语的建议吗？
→Would you please on how to
improve my oral English？（provide）
→Would you please on how to improve my
oral English ？（provide）
→Would you please on how to
improve my oral English？（supply）
→Would you please on how to
improve my oral English ？
→Would you please on how to improve
my oral English？
provide me with some suggestions　
provide some suggestions　
for me　
supply me with some suggestions　
supply/offer some suggestions　
to me　
offer me some suggestions　
run out 用完；耗尽
【教材原句】　It is necessary to find a new home for people in space，
as the resources on Earth will run out.
为人们在太空找到一个新家是有必要的，因为地球上的资源将耗尽。
【用法】
run out of 　　　用完，用尽（主语通常为人）
use up　　用完，消耗尽（及物动词短语）
【佳句】　①Her money has run out and she is also running out of
patience.她的钱花光了，并且她的耐心也耗尽了。
②I’ve used up all my strength and energy.我已经用尽了所有的力气和
精力。
【点津】　（1）run out表示“用完，耗尽”，不及物动词短语，相
当于give out；
（2）run out of 及物动词短语，相当于use up。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Once the food runs ， the country will face hunger and
starvation again.
②At that time he had used all his savings.
【写美】　一句多译
③我们应该提前买些食物，因为我们的食物很快就要吃光了。
→We should buy some food in advance because
.
→We should buy some food in advance because
.
out　
up　
our food will soon run
out　
we are running out
of/using up our food　
attach vt.系；绑；贴
【教材原句】　While sleeping， they must attach themselves to
something so as to prevent floating around.
在睡觉时，为了防止四处飘浮，他们必须把自己拴在某个东西上。
【用法】
（1）attach great importance to （doing） sth认为（做）某事有重要
意义
attach ...to ...　　把……附在……上
（2）be attached to ...　　喜欢……；附属于……
【佳句】　Seeing the yellow handkerchiefs attached to the tree，the
man realised that his wife was still attached to him.So he headed to his
home， with his heart beating excitedly.
看到系在树上的黄手帕，这个人意识到他的妻子仍然爱他。因此，他
大踏步地向家走去，心激动地狂跳。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I wonder if you have attached a recent photo your application
form.
②With more importance （attach） to traditional culture
these years， hanfu has become increasingly popular.
to　
attached　
【写美】　完成句子
③I regularly
because this can widen my view.
我认为经常读英文报非常重要，因为这会扩大我的视野。
attach great importance to reading English newspapers　
重点句型解构
句型公式：be＋形容词＋to do
【教材原句】　It is necessary to find a new home for people in space，
as the resources on Earth will run out.
为人们在太空找到一个新家是有必要的，因为地球上的资源将耗尽。
（1）在“be＋形容词＋to do”结构中，形容词多为表示主语的性
质、特征的词，如easy、 hard、 difficult、 interesting、 heavy、
pleasant、 good等。
（2）当动词不定式与句子的主语是动宾关系且是不及物动词时，应
在该不及物动词后加上适当的介词。
【用法】
【品悟】　In my opinion， the plan designed by our manager is hard to
carry out.
在我看来，我们经理制定的这个计划很难实行。
【写美】　完成句子
①When he arrived there， he instantly found that the problem
.
当他到达那里时，立刻发现这个问题很难处理。
②As far as I know， he .
据我所知，他很容易相处。
was hard
to handle　
is easy to get along with　
③In summer， fresh air and natural
scenery .
在夏季，人们可以神清气爽地呼吸新鲜空气，愉悦地享受自然风光。
is comfortable to breathe　
is pleasant to enjoy　
句型公式：倍数表达法
【教材原句】　Olympus Mons， the largest volcano on Mars， is about
twice as high as Mount Qomolangma.
奥林匹斯山是火星上最大的火山，高度大约是珠穆朗玛峰的两倍。
【用法】
（1）A is＋倍数＋as＋形容词＋as B；
（2）A is＋倍数＋比较级＋than B；
（3）A is＋倍数＋the＋名词（size/weight/length/height/...） ＋of＋B
【品悟】　The metal box is three times heavier than the plastic one.
这个金属箱子是塑料箱子的四倍重。
【写美】　一句多译
在建的新体育馆将是操场的三倍大。
→The new stadium being built will be the
playground.（than）
→The new stadium being built will be the
playground.（as ...as）
→The new stadium being built will be the
playground.（size）
twice bigger than　
three times as big as　
three times the size of　
5
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
情
感
描
写 ①keen adj.热衷的；渴望的
②intelligent adj.有智慧的；聪明的；有智力的
③determined adj.有决心的；意志坚定的
④disappoint vt.使失望
disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的
disappointing adj.令人失望的
disappointment n.失望；沮丧
⑤desire n.渴望；欲望 vt.渴望；期望
动
作
描
写 ①leap vi.& vt.跳过；跃过
②signal vt.& vi.标志着；标明；发信号
③float vi.浮动；漂流；漂浮 vt.使浮动；使漂流
④lack vt.没有；缺乏
⑤argue vt.& vi.论证；争辩；争论
⑥provide for sb 提供生活所需
⑦run out用完；耗尽
第一步：完成句子雏形现
1. fiercely， I stormed out of the
house， slamming the door heavily.
和妈妈大吵之后，我冲出房子，并重重地关上门。
2. ， I felt like floating in an ocean of
limitless sadness.
既失望又沮丧，我感觉好像漂浮在无限悲伤的海洋里。
3. Later， I stood beside a stand and .
后来，我站在一个摊位旁，由于缺钱叹了口气。
Having argued with my mother　
Disappointed and frustrated　
sighed for lack of money　
4. The seller noticed my dilemma，
.
摊主注意到了我的窘境，微笑着向我打招呼，示意我坐下。
5.
我感动地哭了。
6. The seller smiled，“Girl， your mother
since you were born！”
摊主微笑道：“孩子，正是你的妈妈从你出生那天起就一直在为你
提供生活所需！”
greeted me with a kind smile and
signaled me to sit down　
I was moved to tears.　
has been providing for
you　
7. I wiped my tears， .
我擦干眼泪，跳了起来，像风一样跑回家。
第二步：句式升级造亮点
8. 把句6合并升级为强调句
The seller smiled，“Girl，
！”
leapt to my feet and ran for home like a wind　
it is your mother who has been
providing for you since you were born　
　　







　　 　Having argued with my mother fiercely， I stormed out of the
house， slamming the door heavily.Disappointed and frustrated， I
felt like floating in an ocean of limitless sadness.Later， I stood beside
a stand and sighed for lack of money.The seller noticed my dilemma，
greeted me with a kind smile and signaled me to sit down.I was moved
to tears.The seller smiled，“Girl， it is your mother who has been
providing for you since you were born！” I wiped my tears， leapt to
my feet and ran for home like a wind.　
第三步：过渡衔接连成篇
6
课时检测 · 提能力
培育学科素养
维度一：品句填词
1. Such is Liu Yang， the first Chinese woman （宇航
员）.
2. As a result， the （引力） of the Earth is about six times
as great as that of the moon.
3. We should sort out the rubbish， hoping that we might
（循环利用） some， which will surely benefit us a great deal.
astronaut　
gravity　
recycle　
4. Exercise is an important part of every astronaut’s daily life to
prevent （肌肉） loss.
5. Thanks for your help with my study， I wouldn’t have passed the
test （否则）.
6. A lack of （氧气） may have a bad influence on the brain
development in the unborn child.
7. They had s money to support their family after they arrived
in Canada.
8. I had thought about a with the boss about that， but I didn’t
have enough courage.
muscle　
otherwise　
oxygen　
ufficient　
rguing　
维度二：词形转换
1. What counts is that I can’t wait to earn some pocket money to prove
my （independent）.
2. （have） a positive attitude to study is the reason why I
respect you.
3. China’s economy plays an important role in the （globe）
economy.
4. （lack） money， he had to take up the job even though
he had no interest in it.
independence　
Having　
global　
Lacking　
5. If we can use （recycle） materials， we will cause less
pollution to the Earth.
6. Everyone is required to work out （regular） and keep
healthy.
7. Though we are young and our power is （limit）， every
effort we make counts！
8. There are no simple （solve） to the problem of
population decline.
recycled　
regularly　
limited　
solutions　
维度三：话题写作之太空探索
1. Many people .
许多人认为探索太空非常重要。
2. It can ， such as
developing new resources.
它可以提供给世界许多不同的益处，例如开发新资源。
3. After all， not only
.
毕竟，我们地球上的资源不仅有限而且快耗尽了。
attach great importance to exploring space　
provide the world with many different benefits　
are our resources on Earth limited but they are
also running out　
4. However， others .
然而，其他人反对太空探索。
5. many fatal problems.
探索太空也许会导致许多致命的问题。
argue against space exploration　
Exploring space may result in　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　People hold different views on whether much money and energy
should be spent on 1. （explore） space.
　　Now a number of satellites 2. （orbit） Earth，
many of which have transmitted important data to scientists on Earth.After
careful analysis， the scientists can provide 3. （use）
recommendations and advice for farmers.4. a result， space-based
science has helped farming in its efforts 5. （grow） enough
food to feed Earth’s increasing population.
exploring　
are orbiting　
useful　
As　
to grow　
　　Space exploration has a big impact on our lives.High-end products
are made to a higher standard because of 6. （advance）
technology.Today， space technologies are widely used in all kinds of
industries， and everyday products， such as memory foam pillows
7. smartphone cameras， are changing our lives.
advanced　
and　
　　Sending astronauts into space has helped people to think about the
world’s problems.Seeing pictures of our planet as 8. island in a
black sea made people realise that our planet’s resources are limited.In
order to provide for such a 9. （rapid） increasing
population， scientists are trying to find other planets 10.
could one day be our new home.All in all， exploring space provides the
world with many different benefits.
an　
rapidly　
that/which　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　（2024·青岛六校高一下联考）Not only does AI do better than
humans in what were uniquely human skills， but it also enjoys uniquely
nonhuman abilities， which make the difference between AI and a human
worker.Two particularly important nonhuman abilities that AI possesses
are connectivity and updatability.
　　The benefits for human society are likely to be huge.AI doctors could
provide far better and cheaper healthcare for billions of people，
particularly for those who currently receive no healthcare at
all.Hopefully， thanks to AI technology， in the future a poor villager in
an underdeveloped country might come to enjoy far better healthcare via
her smartphone than the richest person in the world gets today from the
most advanced urban hospital.
　　Similarly， self-driving vehicles could provide people with much
better transportation services， and in particular reduce mortality （死亡
率） from traffic accidents.Today close to 1.25 million people are killed
annually in traffic accidents （twice the number killed by war， crime，
and terrorism combined）.More than 90 percent of these accidents are
caused by very human errors： somebody drinking alcohol and driving，
somebody texting a message while driving， somebody falling asleep at
the wheel， somebody daydreaming instead of paying attention to the
road.
　　The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration estimated in
2012 that 31 percent of fatal crashes in the United States involved alcohol
abuse， 30 percent involved speeding， and 21 percent involved
distracted drivers.Self-driving vehicles will never do any of these
things.Though they suffer from their own problems and limitations， and
though some accidents are inevitable， replacing all human drivers by
computers is expected to reduce deaths and injuries on the road by about
90 percent.
　　It would therefore be madness to block automation in fields such as
transport and healthcare just in order to protect human jobs.After all，
what we ought to protect is humans — not jobs.Displaced drivers and
doctors will just have to find something else to do.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过医疗以及交通这两个领
域，说明人工智能比人类具有很多优势。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过医疗以及交通这两个领
域，说明人工智能比人类具有很多优势。
1. What can we learn about AI doctors？（　　）
A. They will charge much higher.
B. They will reach more patients.
C. They will offer individualized service.
D. They will replace human doctors soon.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在未来，人工智能医生
将会为数十亿人提供医疗服务，尤其是现在还无法享受医疗服务的
穷人。
2. How does the author prove the benefits of self-driving vehicles？（　）
A. By telling some stories.
B. By listing some numbers.
C. By giving some examples.
D. By answering some questions.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三、四段可知，作者主要通过列数
字的方式来说明人工驾驶存在的问题以及无人驾驶汽车的优势。
3. How many people’s lives would be saved every year if self-driving
vehicles were used？（　　）
A. About 0.26 million.
B. About 0.38 million.
C. About 0.75 million.
D. About one million.
解析：　推理判断题。第三段指出，每年（全球）死于交通事故
的人数是125万；第四段接着指出，无人驾驶汽车将会减少90%的
交通事故伤亡人数。由此可推知，如果使用无人驾驶汽车，每年将
挽救大约100万人的生命。
4. What’s the purpose of the last paragraph？（　　）
A. To give an argument.
B. To provide a solution.
C. To draw a conclusion.
D. To make a suggestion.
解析：　推理判断题。最后一段作者得出结论：为了保护人类工
作而阻止自动化（人工智能）的应用是不明智的，我们应该保护人
类，而非工作。
B
　　（2024·杭州高一下期末）2020 was a landmark year for the
commercial space industry.SpaceX became the first company ever to send
humans to space aboard a privately owned spacecraft.The US government
continued to work closely with start-ups and space businesses to put
humans back on the Moon.And， helped by governments declaring them
“essential businesses”， a pack of young space companies kept working
to create new rockets or satellite services.
　　But 2023 is expected to be even bigger for the industry as the giants
such as SpaceX continue to pursue future technologies — from Mars
rockets to space-based Internet service and extraterrestrial （地球外的）
tourism.
　　SpaceX made history when its Crew Dragon spacecraft proved it can
transport NASA astronauts to the International Space Station， marking
the first time in SpaceX’s 18-year history that the company put humans
in space.It was also the best time of a decade-long partnership with
NASA.
　　SpaceX is expected to make those trips routine.Another group of
astronauts are expected to take flight aboard a Crew Dragon.
　　The ability to fly its own astronauts after spending nearly a decade
relying on Russian spacecraft to put US astronauts in space is a huge deal
for NASA. The space agency says it’ll now be able to keep the space
station fully staffed.
　　Boeing is planning to conduct the first crewed flight of its Starliner
vehicle next year， which is being developed under the same NASA
program as SpaceX’s Crew Dragon.
　　Boeing’s Starliner， which looks similar to SpaceX’s Crew
Dragon， will first need to re-do an unsuccessful flight test that the
company tried to carry out one year ago.Boeing says it’s targeting March
29 for a second attempt， and — if all goes well — Starliner’s first
crewed launch could kick off a few months later.
　　Both Boeing and SpaceX’s spacecraft are privately owned， which
means both companies will have the option to sell seats aboard their spacecraft to anyone who can afford the roughly $50 million per-seat pricetag.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。美国民营航天公司正在快速发展，
其中最有代表性的两家公司是SpaceX和Boeing。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。美国民营航天公司正在快速发展，
其中最有代表性的两家公司是SpaceX和Boeing。
5. What did the American government do to its space companies？（　　）
A. It provided much support.
B. It introduced many policies.
C. It didn’t pay much attention.
D. It limited their development.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The US government
continued to work closely with start-ups and space businesses和helped
by governments declaring them “essential businesses”可知，美国政
府与民营航天公司既密切合作，又大力支持。
6. How did SpaceX make history according to the text？（　　）
A. By carrying people to space.
B. By sending astronauts to Mars.
C. By working together with NASA.
D. By making Crew Dragon spacecraft.
解析：　细节理解题。根据第三段可知，之所以说SpaceX公
司创造了历史，是因为它的Crew Dragon载人宇宙飞船首次将
人送往太空。
7. What can we learn about Boeing’s Starliner？（　　）
A. It’s more advanced than Crew Dragon.
B. It falls behind Crew Dragon at present.
C. It will be launched before Crew Dragon.
D. It will carry out America’s first crewed flight.
解析：　推理判断题。根据第三段和第七段可知，SpaceX公司的
Crew Dragon载人宇宙飞船已经将宇航员送往太空，而Boeing公司
的Starliner飞船首次试飞失败。由此可推知，Starliner落后于Crew
Dragon。
8. What would be the best title for the text？（　　）
A. SpaceX Will Launch Crew Dragon
B. Boeing Will Begin a Second Attempt
C. NASA Has Achieved Historic Success
D. Private Spaceflight Is Growing Rapidly
解析：　标题归纳题。综合全文可知，本文主要以SpaceX和
Boeing这两家民营航天公司为例，说明美国民营航天公司正在快速
发展。因此D项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　（2024·临汾高一下质检）Growing up， I was fortunate to have
dinner with my family almost every day.Sometimes， the family dinner
circle 　9　 to include relatives stopping by.Yet， I knew some friends
whose parents got home after dinner or even 　10　 the entire evening.So
I 　11　 the quality time around our kitchen table， which witnessed
countless valuable 　12　 in my life.
　　 　13　， my kids cannot relate to my childhood memories.They
have been left to 　14　 with babysitters more times than I would like to
admit.My husband and I have 　15　 careers.And we often end up
staying at the office way past dinnertime.When this happens too often，
it 　16　 the balance of our family.
　　Apart from suffering from 　17　， what else can a hardworking
family do？ I think we can all try to 　18　 our own ways to spend time
together.Surely there are days when I’m too busy to share a meal with
my family.But I would make efforts to 　19　 and chat later that
day， 　20　 setting aside cellphones every time.And I even find a
bedtime reading with my kids much 　21　.I am also proud to have our
“big breakfast” routine every Saturday.My husband serves as the head
chef， and my younger son 　22　 him to make the breakfast.
　　I am aware that my sons are growing up quickly and will be out of
the 　23　 someday.But now， I am happy to have so many wonderful
things on my plate.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话
题展开，说明亲情的可贵。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕“共享亲子时光”这一话
题展开，说明亲情的可贵。
9. A. widened B. formed
C. lessened D. closed
解析：　根据下文to include relatives stopping by可知，家里的餐
桌会扩大，以容纳这些来访的亲戚。
10. A. missed B. avoided
C. enjoyed D. recorded
解析：　根据空前parents got home after dinner or even可知，此
处和上文形成递进关系，即父母会在晚饭时间之后才回家，甚至
是一整个晚上都不回家。
11. A. wasted B. treasured
C. limited D. calculated
解析：　这里表示作者十分珍惜餐桌旁的陪伴家人的时光。
12. A. shows B. dishes
C. recipes D. moments
解析：　根据上文的quality time可知， 餐桌见证了作者人生中
无数珍贵的时刻。
13. A. However B. Otherwise
C. Therefore D. Besides
解析：　作者小时候可以和父母共进晚餐，但是作者的孩子只
能和保姆一起吃晚餐。因此，这里表示“但是，我的孩子们并不
能对我童年的回忆感同身受”。
14. A. sleep B. dine C. study D. play
解析：　全文围绕“一家人共进晚餐”这个话题展开，所以这
里指“吃饭”。
15. A. suitable B. flexible
C. satisfying D. demanding
解析：　根据下文we often end up staying at the office way past
dinnertime可推断，作者和丈夫有着要求很高的工作。
16. A. maintains B. disturbs
C. improves D. strikes
解析：当父母总是无法陪孩子用餐时，就会打乱家中的平衡。
17. A. fear B. anger C. guilt D. hunger
解析：联系上文可知，作者因不能与孩子共进晚餐而感到愧疚。
18. A. predict B. create
C. evaluate D. accept
解析：　根据下文chat， bedtime reading和“big breakfast”
routine every Saturday可知，作者是在创造自己的方式与孩子度过
亲子时光。
19. A. work out B. calm down
C. hold on D. catch up
解析：　根据上文there are days when I’m too busy to share a
meal with my family可知，有时候作者无法和家人一起用餐，所以
会努力去弥补失去的亲子时光。
20. A. unwillingly B. casually
C. consciously D. carelessly
解析：　根据语境可知，作者会有意识地收起手机，避免外界
的干扰。
21. A. louder B. shorter
C. simpler D. sweeter
解析：D这让作者发现与孩子的睡前阅读时光变得更加美好。
22. A. assists B. guides
C. allows D. orders
解析：　根据空前My husband serves as the head chef可知，作者
的丈夫作为主厨，儿子辅助父亲完成早餐。
23. A. office B. kitchen
C. house D. park
解析：　最后一段作者感慨，总有一天儿子会长大，并且离
开家。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　（2024·贵阳高一下期末）“天问一号”和“嫦娥六号”的成功
发射，引发全国范围的航天热。请你就此话题为你校英文报写一篇短
文，内容包括：
　　1. 航天热反映了什么；
　　2. 太空探索的意义是什么。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：航天热 space craze
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　With the successful launch of Tianwen 1 and Chang’e 6， a space
craze has been sweeping across the whole country.Without doubt， the
latest craze reflects people’s curiosity about and interest in the magical
universe.
　　Why do we explore the universe？ For one thing， the ability to
explore the outer space is a part of a country’s comprehensive national
strength， which can greatly improve its international status and
influence.For another， we can use scientific and technological
achievements of space exploration to serve the interests of people around
the world.As President Xi Jinping said，“To explore the vast universe，
develop the space industry and build China into a space power is a dream
we have always been pursuing.”
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　The class was over.Karl was delighted that he had created a very
satisfying work.So he walked to the back of the classroom to put his work
away carefully.There， lying on the carpet in front of the classroom
bookcase， was a golden ticket！ Karl picked it up.His heart beat faster
when he saw that the name line was blank.He couldn’t believe his
luck！
　　The boys and girls in Karl’s class could earn golden tickets by doing
well in their studies or by being extra helpful or kind.Once a week their
teacher drew a ticket out of a box on her desk and let the winner choose a
prize.
　　Today was the golden ticket drawing， and here was another ticket，
just for him！ Karl looked around.No one else was near the ticket.All his
classmates were at their desks， laughing and talking with each
other.Miss Evans was engaged in grading the papers collected earlier in
the morning.
　　Karl decided to write his name on the blank line.Then he could put it
into the prize box with the six tickets he’d already earned.With so many
chances， one of his tickets would most probably be picked！ Then he
could choose the pink toy pig for his sister’s birthday， just like he had
been hoping.
　　He smiled and reached for the pencil in his pocket.Suddenly his
fingers stopped.There was a strange feeling in his chest， and it wasn’t
his heartbeat.“Finders are keepers， right？” he wondered.He looked
out of the window and tried to figure it out.On the one hand， he did find
the ticket， but he hadn’t earned it.Somebody must have lost it.But on
the other hand， he did need this extra ticket for his great plan！
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　Karl looked at the blank name line for a moment. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　“Karl， I intend to give you another ticket！” Miss Evans said. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Karl looked at the blank name line for a moment.He knew his plan
wouldn’t be so great if he won with a ticket that didn’t belong to
him.So he walked up to his teacher.“Miss Evans， I happened to find
this ticket on the floor near the bookcase.I think the one who lost it will
look for it.And these are mine，” he said， dropping his six tickets into
the box.When he turned around to leave， the teacher stopped him.
　　“Karl， I intend to give you another ticket！” Miss Evans
said.Karl was amazed and wondered why.Miss Evans smiled and signed
to the class to quiet down.“Karl handed in the golden ticket he had just
found.I think he is honest and deserves another one！” The class burst
into loud applause.Karl happily went back to his seat， eagerly expecting
the ticket drawing.He still wanted his name to be picked， but he would
feel OK even if it wasn’t.After all， making the right choice did make
him feel great！

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