资源简介

(共98张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
THE POWER of GOOD
“The British Schindler”： the life of Nicholas Winton
　　It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a
train① at Prague’s Wilson Station.Their heartbroken②parents do not join
them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again.But they
know that their children will live.[1]These are among the 669 children，
most of them Jewish， that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death
③at the hands of the Nazis④.
　　Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London， to German-
Jewish parents.The family later took British nationality⑤.[2]On leaving
school， Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.[3]He returned
to Britain in 1931， where he worked in business.
　　[1]本句为复合句，其中most of them Jewish为独立主格结构作状
语；that引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语。
　　[2]on doing ...意为“一……就……”。
　　[3]句中 where引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为地点名词
Britain，where在从句中作地点状语。
【读文清障】
①board a train 登上火车
②heartbroken adj.心碎的
③save sb from death从死神中解救某人
④Nazi n.纳粹党员，纳粹分子
⑤take British nationality取得英国国籍
　　[4]In December 1938， a friend asked Winton to come to Prague to
aid⑥ people who were escaping from the Nazis.[5]In Prague， Winton
saw people living in terrible conditions⑦ and whose lives were in danger
⑧.He decided to help transport⑨ children to safety in Britain.He
established an office to keep records of⑩ the children， and then returned
to Britain to find temporary homes for them.[6]He used donated funds
and his own money to pay the 50 pounds per child that the British
government required.[7] By August 1939， Winton had saved 669
children.
　　[4]句中who引导定语从句，先行词为people， who在从句中
作主语。
　　[5]句中whose引导定语从句，先行词为people， whose在从
句中作定语。
　　[6]句中that引导定语从句，先行词为50 pounds， that 在从
句中作宾语。
　　[7]By后为过去的时间点，句子使用过去完成时。
⑥aid v.帮助，援助
⑦live in terrible conditions 居住条件恶劣
⑧in danger 在危险中
⑨transport v.运输，输送
　transport ...to safety 　把……转移到安全地方
⑩keep records of 记录
temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的
　　During World War Ⅱ， Winton served as an officer in Britain’s
Royal Air Force.He left the military in 1954.He then worked for
international charities and for various companies.For the most part，
he did not mention the children he saved， and his actions soon
disappeared from people’s memories .
　　[8]That all changed in 1988 when his wife Grete found a forgotten
journal at home.[9]The journal contained photographs and names of the
children and addresses of the families that took them in .She sent the
journal to a newspaper， and that year Winton was seen on the British
television programme That’s Life.At one point ， the host asked people
in the audience to stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives .A
shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet
.The programme brought his actions to public attention， and Winton
became a respected figure around the world.
　　[8]句中when引导定语从句，先行词为1988， when在从句中作
时间状语。
　　[9]句中that引导定语从句，先行词为families， that在从句中作
主语。
serve as 担任
military n.军队
charity n.慈善机构
various adj.各种各样的
　various＝a variety of＝varieties of
memory n.记忆（此处为可数名词）
journal n.日记
take sb in 收留某人
at one point 在某一时刻
save one’s life 救了某人的命
majority n.大多数，大部分
rise to one’s feet 站起身来
a respected figure一位受尊敬的人物
　　Nicholas Winton passed away on 1 July 2015， at the age of
106.[10]As the Chinese saying goes，“A kind-hearted person lives a
long life.”
　　[10]句中as引导非限制性定语从句，意为“正如……”。
　　Later， Winton received various honours for his achievement ，
including a knighthood in 2003， and the Czech government’s highest
honour， the Order of the White Lion， in 2014.
achievement n.成绩，成就
make great achievements取得重大成就
pass away 去世
【参考译文】
善行的力量
　　“英国辛德勒”：尼古拉斯·温顿的一生
　　1939年8月，一群心惊胆战的孩子在布拉格的威尔逊车站登上一
辆列车。而他们伤心欲绝的父母却没有上车。他们确实害怕再也见不
到自己的孩子了，可他们知道，孩子们能够活下去。这些孩子大都是
犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的
一部分。
　　1909年5月19日尼古拉斯·温顿出生于伦敦，父母是德裔犹太人。
全家后来加入了英国国籍。从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的
银行工作。1931年，他回到英国，从事商业工作。
　　1938年12月，一位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱
纳粹的迫害。在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到
威胁。他决定把孩子们转移到英国安全的地方。他开设了一个办事
处，记录孩子们的信息，然后回到英国为他们寻找寄养家庭。他用捐
款加上自己的钱支付了英国政府向每个孩子征收的50英镑的费用。截
至1939年8月，温顿已经解救了669个孩子。
　　二战期间，温顿成为英国皇家空军的一名军官。1954年他离开了
部队，之后在一些国际慈善机构和多家公司工作过。他很少提及自己
救孩子的事情，于是这些事渐渐淡出了人们的记忆。
　　直到1988年，一切都发生了改变。他的妻子格蕾特在家中发现了
一本被遗忘的日记。日记本中夹着孩子们的照片，记录着孩子们的名
字和寄养家庭的地址。她把这本日记送到了一家报社。这一年，温顿
上了英国的一档电视节目——《这就是生活》。节目中，主持人问在
场有没有被温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿震惊地看到在场的大
多数人都站了起来。这个节目让温顿的善举为公众所了解，也让温顿
被世界各地的人们所尊敬。
　　此后，温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉，其中包括
2003年获得的爵士称号，以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉—
—白狮勋章。
　　尼古拉斯·温顿于2015年7月1日与世长辞，享年106岁。这恰恰印
证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What can we learn from Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. The children were excited to board the train.
B. The children boarded the train with their parents.
C. All the children who boarded the train were Jewish.
D. It was very likely that the parents would not see their children again.
2. Put the following events in order of time.（　　）
①Nicholas Winton returned to Britain and worked in business.
②Nicholas Winton worked for international charities and for various
companies.
③Nicholas Winton worked in banks in Germany and France.
④Nicholas Winton served as an officer in Britain’s Royal Air Force.
A. ①③④② B. ①②③④
C. ③①④② D. ③④①②
3. What do we know about Nicholas Winton’s great behaviour？
（　　）
A. As a German Jewish， he was always helpful.
B. What he saw in Prague inspired him to do that.
C. His friend asked him to help people escape.
D. The British government paid all the cost.
4. Why did his great behaviour keep for so long？（　　）
A. Because his wife didn’t find the secret before.
B. Because no TV station invited him to share.
C. Because he didn’t want to mention his memories.
D. Because the children he saved forgot him.
5. What can we infer from Paragraph 5？（　　）
A. The audience were moved by Winton’s deeds.
B. The program was very interesting.
C. The audience liked the children saved by Winton.
D. Winton’s wife found a journal about some brave soldiers.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.






（1）It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a
train at Prague’s Wilson Station.
（2）Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they
may never see their children again.
（3）A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their
feet.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. Why did the parents fear that they would never see their children？


2. If you were Winton， would you tell your actions to others？

Because their country was being invaded by Nazi forces and they were
in danger of losing their lives.
No， I only did what I thought should be done.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. These are among the 669 children， most of them Jewish， that
Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands of the
Nazis.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。most of them Jewish为
结构；that Nicholas Winton will go on to save from death at the hands
of the Nazis为that引导的 从句。
自主翻译

独立主格　
定语　
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从
纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。　
2. In Prague， Winton saw people living in terrible conditions and whose
lives were in danger.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。living in terrible conditions为动词-ing
短语作 语；whose lives were in danger为whose引导
的 从句。
自主翻译

后置定　
定语　
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受
到威胁。　
3. As the Chinese saying goes，“A kind-hearted person lives a long
life.”
句式分析 句中As引导 从句，意为“
”。
自主翻译
非限制性定语　
正
如……　
这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
aid v.帮助，援助 n.帮助
【教材原句】　In December 1938， a friend asked Winton to come to
Prague to aid people who were escaping from the Nazis.1938年12月，一
位朋友请求温顿前往布拉格帮助那里的人们逃脱纳粹的迫害。
（1）aid sb to do/in doing sth　　帮助某人做某事
aid sb with ...　　在某方面帮助某人
（2）come/go to one’s aid　　来（去）帮助某人
first aid　　急救
in aid of　　用来帮助……
with the aid of　　在……的帮助下
【用法】
【佳句】　You’ll know about how to handle an incident and learn some
of the most commonly needed first aid skills， which will be of great help
to you.你将了解如何处理事故，并学习一些最常用的急救技能，这些
会对你很有帮助。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I came his aid in reward for his kindness when I was in trouble.
②They collected money aid of charity.
to　
in　
【写美】　一句多译
③在电视上一看到这个可怜的小男孩，他就决定要帮助他继续学业。
→The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV， he determined to
his studies.
→The moment he saw the poor little boy on TV， he determined to
his studies.
aid
him in continuing　
aid
him to continue　
rise to one’s feet站起身来
【教材原句】　At one point， the host asked people in the audience to
stand up if Nicholas Winton had saved their lives.A shocked Winton
watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
节目中，主持人问在场有没有被温顿救过的人，如果有请起立。温顿
震惊地看到在场的大多数人都站了起来。
【用法】
on one’s feet　　　　　　站立着；恢复
set foot on/in　　进入，踏上
stand on one’s own feet　　独立；自立
struggle to one’s feet　　挣扎着站起身来
jump to one’s feet　　跳起
【佳句】　I tried to stand on my own feet rather than turned to my
parents.
我试图自立，而不是求助于我的父母。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Hearing the good news， he jumped his feet with great joy.
②Many foreigners are eager to set foot the Great Wall of China.
【写美】　补全句子
③At the end of the celebration， we all ， cheering
wildly.
庆典结束时，我们都站了起来，热烈地欢呼。
to　
on　
rose to our feet　
achievement n.成绩，成就
【教材原句】　Later， Winton received various honours for his
achievement， including a knighthood in 2003， and the Czech
government’s highest honour， the Order of the White Lion， in 2014.
此后，温顿的成就为他赢得了各种各样的荣誉，其中包括2003年获得
的爵士称号，以及2014年获得的捷克政府最高荣誉——白狮勋章。
【用法】
（1）a sense of achievement一种成就感
make an achievement in ...　　 在某方面取得成就
（2）achieve vt.　　完成；达到；获得；实现；成功
vi.　　达到预期的目的
achieve success　　获得成功
achieve one’s goal/dream　　实现某人的目标/梦想
【佳句】　If you realise your dream after hard work，you will have a
wonderful sense of achievement.
如果你在努力工作之后实现了你的梦想，你会有一种美妙的成就感。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Tu Youyou has made great achievements the medical field.
②Their task finished， they felt a sense of
（achieve）.
in　
achievement　
【写美】　补全句子
③In order to ， David devoted most of his time to his
business.
为了实现他的目标，大卫把大部分时间都花在了生意上。　（人
物介绍）
④Hard work played an important role in his road to
.
勤奋在他获得成功的道路上起了重要的作用。
achieve his goal　
achieving
success　
major adj.重要的，主要的；主修的 n.主修科目 vi.主修；专攻
【教材原句】　Major Achievements and Awards 主要成就和奖项
【用法】
（1）major in　　　主修……；以……为专业
（2）majority n.　　大半，大多数
be in a/the majority　　占大多数
a/the majority of ...　　大多数……
（3）minority n.　　少数；少数派/人；少数民族
【佳句】　Now this former royal palace is open to the public as a major
tourist attraction.
现在，这座昔日的皇宫作为一个主要的旅游景点向公众开放。　（景
点介绍）
【点津】　“a/the majority of＋名词”表示“大多数……”，谓语动
词的数与of后面的名词保持一致；the majority单独作主语时，谓语动
词用单复数均可。
The majority was/were in favour of the ban.
大多数人赞成此禁令。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In fact，he inspired me to major English in college， a bridge
between China and the world.
②A majority of people （be） aware of the importance of
environmental protection.
③To his disappointment， people who were against the plan were
in majority.
④There are 55 （minority） in all in our country.
in　
are　
a/the　
minorities　
【写美】　词汇升级
⑤When it comes to education，most people believe that education is a
lifetime study.
→When it comes to education， people believe that
education is a lifetime study.
the majority of
treatment n.治疗；疗法
【教材原句】　Worked as the leader of a research team aiming to
discover a treatment for malaria
曾担任一个旨在发现疟疾治疗方法的研究小组的组长
（1）under medical treatment　正在接受治疗
（2）treat vt.& vi.　　治疗；对待；款待
n.　　请客；款待
treat ...as ...　　把……当……看待
treat sb/oneself to 用……款待某人/自己
【用法】
【佳句】　To our relief，the disabled girl is responding well to
treatment.让我们感到宽慰的是，这个残疾女孩经过治疗大有起色。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The old couple treated his words a joke.
②I treated her a good meal in celebration of her great
achievement.
【写美】　补全句子
③The man rose to his feet and thanked the doctor who had
his headache.
这个人站起来，感谢给他治疗头疼的医生。
as　
to　
treated him
for
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“on/upon＋名词/doing”表示“一……就……”
【教材原句】　On leaving school， Winton worked in banks in
Germany and France.
从学校毕业后，温顿先后在德国和法国的银行工作。
【用法】
on/upon （doing） .... 表示“一……就……”，本句可以转换成时
间状语从句：As soon as he left school， Winton worked in banks in
Germany and France.
“一……就……”的其他表达形式：
（1）immediately/directly/instantly＋从句
（2）the moment/minute/instant/second＋从句
（3）No sooner ...than ...（No sooner后用过去完成时的倒装结
构）
（4）Scarcely/Hardly ...when ...（Scarcely/Hardly后用过去完成时
的倒装结构）
【品悟】　She was joyful on/upon seeing her son learned to walk.
＝She was joyful as soon as she saw her son learned to walk.
一看到儿子学会走路，她就感觉很高兴。　（情感描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①On （see） Jack， I’ll tell him the good news that he has
been admitted into Peking University.
②On her （arrive） at the party， she was greeted with
cheers.
seeing　
arrival　
【写美】　句式升级
③He started his travel to Suzhou as soon as he finished his studies.
→ ， he started his travel to Suzhou.
（介词短语）
→ ， he
started his travel to Suzhou.（名词短语）
→He started his travel to Suzhou
.（连词）
On/Upon finishing his studies　
The moment/minute/instant/second he finished his studies　
immediately/directly/instantly he
finished his studies　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. In order to solve it on time， we need （更多的）
consideration on this matter.
2. It is the motto of the Chinese （军事的） troops that they
will serve people heart and soul.
3. The discovery of the new （药物） is of great significance to
people suffering from heart problems.
further　
military　
drug　
4. A （证明，证书） is an official document stating that
particular facts are true.
5. You might want to consider （临时的） work until you
decide what you want to do.
6. Darwin proved that natural selection is the c factor in the
development of species.
7. You need to o the permission from our teacher if you want to
leave the school.
8. By drawing local cities and regions closer together， the bridge will
a the area’s development greatly.
certificate　
temporary　
hief　
btain　
id　
维度二：词形转换
1. His parents are proud of his （achieve） which
he has made in the field of chemistry.
2. Participants will be randomly assigned to receive short-
term （treat） at home.
3. We regret to tell you that your size is （temporary）
unavailable.
4. The （major） were in favor of the suggestion that we
should go there by high-speed train.
achievement（s）　
treatment　
temporarily　
majority　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. He （站了起来）， crossed the room and hugged
me tightly， crying without control.
2. （大学一毕业）， he
devoted himself to teaching in the mountain village.
3. （俗话说）， “Honesty is the best policy.”
4. Unfortunately， his grandfather （去世） last year
due to heart trouble.
rose to his feet　
Upon/On graduating from the university　
As the saying goes　
passed away　
5. （一度） he considered becoming a professional
soccer player， but finally he made a career in tennis.
6. （灯熄了），we could not go on with the work.
At one point　
The lights off　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Nicholas Winton was born on 19 May 1909 in London.On
1. （leave） school， he worked in banks in Germany and
France.In 1931，Winton 2. （return） to Britain， working
as a businessman.In December 1938， one of his friends asked him to
come to Prague to aid people 3. escaping from the Nazis.In
Prague，he saw people whose living 4. （condition）
were terrible.He determined 5. （help） transport children to
safety in Britain.By August 1939，Winton 6. （save）
669 children in total.
leaving　
returned　
in　
conditions　
to help　
had saved　
　　During World War Ⅱ，Winton served as an officer in Britain’s
Royal Air Force.He left the military in 1954 and worked for international
charities and for 7. （vary）companies.He didn’t
mention 8. children he saved， so his actions disappeared from
people’s memories.
various/varied　
the　
　　In 1988， his wife found a 9. （forget） journal at
home， which made Winton’s story go public.Winton became a
respected figure around the world.Winton died on 1 July 2015， at the age
of 106.10. the Chinese saying goes，“A kind-hearted person
lives a long life.”
forgotten　
As　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Jordyn Perez was about to turn 8 years old when her mom suggested a
new way to celebrate her birthday. “What would you think about
donating your gifts to a children’s hospital？” her mom said. At first，
Jordyn wasn’t sure. Then she gave it some thought. “I was like，
‘Okay， that’s cool，’ ” Jordyn said. “I already had everything I
needed， and these kids that were going through things at the hospital —
they needed it more than I did.”
　　“Just to see these kids’ little faces when Jordyn hands them the
gifts at the hospital， that’s always been our favourite part，” says
Jordyn’s mother. “Seeing these kids’ reactions just touches our
hearts.” Kids can be in the hospital for lots of reasons， for example，
asthma， a condition that affects breathing. Whatever the patient’s
ailment， a hospital stay can be stressful. Efforts like Jordyn’s are a
bright spot during a difficult time.
　　Since that time， it has kicked off each year in early November，
five or six weeks before her birthday. Along with an invitation to her
party， Jordyn’s friends get a list of gift ideas for kids at the hospital.
For the littlest patients， gifts might include building blocks or toy trains.
“And for the teenagers， my age or older，” Jordyn says， “it might
be music player or books.”
　　Natalie Gutierrez works in the public relations office at Baptist
Children’s Hospital. She has seen first-hand the effect of Jordyn’s gift-
giving. “She puts smiles on the faces of these little patients in our
hospital and on our nurses and staff，” Gutierrez says. Jordyn’s efforts
to help kids in the hospital have inspired others to follow in her footsteps.
More boys and girls have collected and given gifts for their birthdays too.
“Giving to others， it’s just a good feeling to have at the end of the
day，” Jordyn says. “I want to keep doing this as long as I can.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jordyn Perez在妈妈
的提议下，把自己的生日礼物捐给了儿童医院。
1. What can we learn about Jordyn from Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. She wasn’t satisfied with her birthday gifts.
B. She accepted her mother’s advice.
C. She was busy choosing gifts for kids in hospital.
D. She wanted a new way to celebrate her birthday.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段末Jordyn说的话可知，Jordyn
接受了母亲的建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jordyn Perez在妈妈
的提议下，把自己的生日礼物捐给了儿童医院。
2. What does the underlined word “ailment” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Treatment. B. Expectation.
C. Illness. D. Reaction.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Kids can be in the
hospital ...that affects breathing.可知，此处指不管病人得了什么疾
病，住院都是有压力的。故画线词意思是“疾病”。
3. When is Jordyn’s birthday？（　　）
A. In January. B. In December.
C. In November. D. In October.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，Jordyn的生日在
12月。
4. What is the purpose of mentioning Natalie Gutierrez？（　　）
A. To introduce her hospital work.
B. To recommend some suitable gifts.
C. To explain Jordyn’s great difficulties.
D. To show the effect of Jordyn’s behavior.
解析： 　目的意图题。根据最后一段第二句可知，提到Natalie
Gutierrez的目的是显示Jordyn行为的影响。
B
　　Amanda Kofoeds had found a strange lump （肿块） in her arm one
day and visited a doctor at a friend’s urging.During this time， she was
enrolled in school for education and was currently uninsured due to the
expense.She planned to save money and then seek medical treatment for
the cancer.
　　Her friends and family didn’t want her to postpone her treatment due
to the expense.They took matters into their own hands and started a
GoFundMe campaign.The friends came up with the creative idea and
invited family， friends， and strangers who wanted to help to participate
in a donation flash mob （快闪行动）.The event started an outpouring of
enormous generosity from the local community.
　　Amanda and her husband Clint shed tears as the crowd passed by and
the donations poured in.The generous act of kindness gave the family a
comforting and optimistic feeling during a time when all hope seemed
lost.Clint said that Amanda struggled with the idea of asking for help.She
felt guilty and undeserving compared to others who were also struggling.
　　In the time since， Amanda has enrolled in an insurance plan and has
finished chemotherapy.Life for the family has started getting back to its
normal routine.
　　Once Amanda got her strength back， she returned to school and
completed her bachelor’s degree in Education.She is now a teacher.She
said the experience motivated her to instill （逐渐灌输） the value of
charity in her children.The family is now inspired to volunteer in their
local neighborhood and contribute to crowdfunding （众筹）
efforts.They are grateful for the opportunity to give back and help others
as many have helped them.
　　The couple said they felt blessed by the strong support.PassItOn
wants to celebrate those heroes during the family’s darkest time.These
individuals perfectly demonstrate the value of community.It is with the
help of their generosity that the family is now happy， healthy and whole.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Amanda 患癌后经济拮据，推迟学
业，推迟治疗，她的朋友们知道后为她组织了慈善捐款快闪行动，
很快筹到钱为她治病。现在他们一家心怀感激，做志愿者回报社
会。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Amanda 患癌后经济拮据，推迟学
业，推迟治疗，她的朋友们知道后为她组织了慈善捐款快闪行动，
很快筹到钱为她治病。现在他们一家心怀感激，做志愿者回报社
会。
5. Why did Amanda Kofoeds postpone her treatment？（　　）
A. She was admitted to a school.
B. Her family couldn’t afford the medical cost.
C. No good doctors could treat her cancer.
D. Her friends and family refused to assist her.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的She planned to save money
and then seek medical treatment for the cancer.及第二段中的Her
friends and family didn’t want her to postpone her treatment due to the
expense.可知，Amanda一家经济拮据，负担不起治疗费用，所以
才会推迟治疗。
6. What did her friends do to help Amanda Kofoeds？（　　）
A. They started a donation flash mob.
B. They founded a community school.
C. They supported her through local hospitals.
D. They fought for assistance from the whole country.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的The friends came up with
the creative idea and invited family， friends， and strangers who
wanted to help to participate in a donation flash mob （快闪行动）.可
知，朋友们为她举行了一次慈善捐款快闪行动。
7. Which word best describes the couple’s feeling when they were
strongly supported？（　　）
A. Guilty. B. Satisfied.
C. Anxious. D. Grateful.
解析： 推理判断题。根据第五段中的They are grateful for the
opportunity to give back and help others as many have helped them.和
第六段中的The couple said they felt blessed by the strong support.可
知，这对夫妇很感激帮助他们的人。
8. What can we learn from Amanda Kofoeds’ story？（　　）
A. Hard work pays off.
B. The value of charity is great.
C. Education is the key to success.
D. A friend is never known till a man has need.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的These individuals
perfectly demonstrate the value of community.It is with the help of
their generosity that the family is now happy， healthy and whole.并结
合全文内容可知，慈善的价值是巨大的。
C
　　The 61-year-old potato farmer Cliff Young won the 1983 Westfield
Sydney-Melbourne Ultramarathon， which took runners days to finish，
in Australia.
　　When Cliff showed up in the race， he stuck out like a sore thumb in
his everyday clothes different from the other professional runners’，
quickly attracting the attention of reporters present.
　　“I grew up on a farm where we couldn’t afford horses. Whenever
the storms would roll in， I’d have to go out and round up the sheep，”
Cliff told reporters. “Sometimes I’d have to run those sheep for two or
three days， but I’d always catch them. I believe I can run this race.”
No one actually believed him. Most competitors were in their 20s and
early 30s， with years of training and marathon experience.
　　On the first day of the race， Cliff was left far behind. But he had
one advantage that no one had expected. He didn’t plan on stopping until
he reached the finish line while all the others had been training to run for
18 hours a day and then stop and sleep for the other six.
　　When dawn broke， the other runners were shocked to learn that the
old farmer was in the lead and that they would have to catch up with him.
Although running slowly， he was the first to cross the finish line and
received $10，000 as a prize. But he kept none of the prize and donated it
to the homeless.
　　Cliff continued to run. In 1997， he set out to raise funds for
homeless kids by running all 16，000 kilometers of the Australian
coastline. In 2000， Cliff achieved a world age record in a six-day race in
Victoria. Cliff Young died at 81， but his legend lives on.
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。文章主要报道了一位种土豆的农民如
何在竞争激烈的马拉松比赛中脱颖而出，并展示了他如何通过跑步
为无家可归者筹集资金的无私行为。
语篇解读：本文是一篇报道。文章主要报道了一位种土豆的农民如
何在竞争激烈的马拉松比赛中脱颖而出，并展示了他如何通过跑步
为无家可归者筹集资金的无私行为。
9. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A. He had a special thumb.
B. He suffered a hand injury.
C. He seemed nervous.
D. He was very noticeable.
解析： 　句意理解题。根据画线部分下文quickly attracting
the attention of reporters present可推测，克利夫在比赛中表现
得很抢眼。
10. What was people’s attitude toward Cliff’s confidence？（　　）
A. Disappointed. B. Respectful.
C. Doubtful. D. Curious.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第三段中的No one actually
believed him.可知，当Cliff深信自己可以跑完比赛时，人们对
此表示怀疑。
11. What did Cliff Young do with the race？（　　）
A. He saved his energy at first.
B. He received good training.
C. He sped up in the last two days.
D. He continuously ran without sleep.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，Cliff Young在
比赛中不眠不休地跑，直到到达终点线。
12. What keeps Cliff Young’s legend on？（　　）
A. Imagination and generosity.
B. Dream and devotion.
C. Determination and kindness.
D. Willingness and wisdom.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四至六段内容可知，Cliff Young的
决心和爱心让他的事迹永存。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Much has been written about the wonders of the World Wide Web.
There are countless articles telling us how the Internet has made our lives
more convenient. We no longer have to wait in line or carry cash around
when we go shopping. We can download software whenever we need
them.13.（　　） People’s lives have been changed by online
communities and social networks.
　　Jan Tchamani， an English teacher in Birmingham， UK， suddenly
developed a serious illness and had to quit her job. At age 50， she stuck
at home with only her computer to keep her company. After a while， she
discovered that surfing the Internet could help her feel less lonely and
bored.14.（　　） She also joined an online group where she could talk
about her problems and get support and advice from others.
　　She was so inspired by the people she met online that she decided to
start an IT club. 15.（　　） A 59-year-old man learnt how to apply for
work online and found a great job. Now that he works and can take care of
himself. A 61-year-old woman who was living alone has started a small
online company together with two friends.16.（　　）
　　Jan has started taking online classes to learn more about how to make
society better. She believes that it is highly important to make sure that
everyone has access to the Internet.17.（　　）
A. Her company has become quite successful.
B. Many people have been helped by the club.
C. And we benefit a great deal from the Internet.
D. She and her friends now achieve a lot in the club.
E. She could listen to music， watch films， and explore the world.
F. Her next goal is to start a charity website to raise money for children in
poor countries.
G. But the Internet has done much more for people than simply make life
more convenient.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了网络对于Jan
Tchamani的帮助，以及她的IT俱乐部对别人的帮助和她的进一步的
计划。
13. G　根据上文可知，互联网让我们的生活更方便。G项（但互联网
为人们做的远不止是让生活更方便）能承接上文，符合语境。
14. E　根据空后一句可知，她还加入了一个网群，在群里她可以谈
论她的问题并向他人寻求帮助和建议。E项（她可以听音乐、看电影
和探索世界）符合语境，与空后一句为递进关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了网络对于Jan
Tchamani的帮助，以及她的IT俱乐部对别人的帮助和她的进一步的
计划。
15. B　根据上文she decided to start an IT club可知，本空跟“IT俱乐
部”有关，下文介绍了这个IT俱乐部对其中的两个人的帮助，B项
（许多人得到了俱乐部的帮助）符合语境，与下文为例证关系。
16. A　根据上文可知，一位61岁的独居女性和两个朋友一起开了一
家小型的网络公司。A项（她的公司相当成功）符合语境，A项中的
company与空前句中的company为原词复现。
17. F　根据上文可知，Jan开始上网课学习更多关于如何让社会更好
的知识。她认为确保每个人都能使用互联网是很重要的。F项（她的
下一个目标是创办一个慈善网站，为贫困国家的儿童筹集资金）能承
接上文，符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　请用英文写一篇短文，介绍一下中国科学家钱学森，要点如下：
　　1. 1911年出生于上海，1935年赴美深造；
　　2. 1939年在美国获航空学、数学博士学位；
　　3. 当获悉中华人民共和国成立的消息后，他克服了美国政府的百
般阻挠，于1955年成功回到中国；
　　4. 1956年起献身于航空航天科学技术工作，为中国的航天事业作
出了巨大的贡献，被誉为“中国航天之父”；
　　5. 2009年在北京去世。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
　　Qian Xuesen， honoured as “the father of China’s aerospace”，
was born in Shanghai in 1911.In 1935， Qian went to America for further
study.In 1939， he obtained his doctor’s degrees in Aeronautics and
Mathematics in the US. He heard about the establishment of the People’s
Republic of China and succeeded in coming back to China in 1955 though
the American government tried to stop him.Since 1956 he had been
devoted to aerospace science and technology and made great contributions
to China’s aerospace.In 2009， he passed away in Beijing.
　　Chinese people will never forget his contributions to the people and
the country.(共8张PPT)
UNIT 2　Making a difference
　　　Munford夫妇在住进新买的房子
后，意外发现了被原主人遗忘的价值15，000美元的金币和银币。得
知他们有权利使用这笔钱之后，Munford夫妇是怎样抉择的呢？
　　When a couple living in South Carolina recently sold what had been
their “dream house”， they were sure they had worked out all the
details before the sale. Repairs had been made， the paperwork had been
all in order， and they had removed their belongings from the home in
which they had spent the last 32 years — or so they thought.
　　A few days after the sale was finished， James and Clarrisa Munford
discovered the treasure — 50 gold and silver coins， which the former
owners had hidden and forgotten all about. To the Munfords’ great
surprise， the coins were worth as much as 15，000 dollars. And
according to experts， the coins were legally the Munfords’ property，
and they had the right to sell the coins quietly and pocket the profits.
　　However， the Munfords， who own a restaurant in Columbia，
almost immediately chose to get in touch with the original owners of the
house and return the coins to them， which had been left inside a built-in
drawer in the home. “There is an old saying， ‘You reap what you
sow，’” said the original owner， Mr Miller， who was quite
surprised. “My wife and I spent a lot of time repairing the house to
ensure that we left our home in excellent condition for the Munfords， and
our kindness was certainly returned by another！ It wasn’t until the kind
couple contacted us that we became aware of the hidden coins.”
　　Mr Miller said he wanted to share this story to give hope and
inspiration to others during their extremely difficult times. “Now it is a
good time to pause and think about how we treat each other. If there were
more people like the Munfords， the world would be a much better
place，” Mr Miller said.
【理解】
1. What can we learn from the second paragraph？

2. Why did Mr Miller want to make the story known to others？

The former owners forgot the existence of the coins.
To inspire people in trouble.
【积累】
1. in order 井然有序
2. legally adv. 按照法律，法律上
3. property n. 财产
4. get in touch with 和……取得联系
5. original adj. 起初的，原先的
6. contact vt. 联系，联络
7. become aware of 意识到，开始觉察到(共26张PPT)
单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　 ◇自我评价
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. adj. 内部的
2. v. 为……提供资金，资助
3. v. 再利用，回收利用
4. n. 基金会
5. n. 顿悟，猛醒
6. v. 持续；延伸
7. n. 职责；使命
8. n. 疾病，病
internal　
fund　
recycle　
foundation　
insight　
extend　
mission　
disease　
9. n. 地区，地方
10. adj. 敏感的，容易生气的
11. adj. 慷慨的，大方的
12. adj. 王室的，皇家的
13. n. 机构，团体
14. v. 帮助，援助
15. adj. 短期的，短暂的；临时的
16. n. 军队
17. v. 获得，得到
18. n. 证明书，证书
19. adj. 更多的，附加的
territory　
sensitive　
generous　
royal　
institution　
aid　
temporary　
military　
obtain　
certificate　
further　
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1. by heat and strong winds， the fire spread quickly.
2. The girl is very to what others think of her and easily
annoyed by their comments.
3. The library is functioning as a hospital in order to to
cope with people injured in the earthquake.
4. Normally， students will be given a on completion of
the course.
Aided　
sensitive　
temporary　
certificate　
5. In order to prevent damage， we must take immediate
action to fix the broken pipe.
6. It is well known that Chinese medicine is quite effective in fighting
many ， like cancer.
7. Jack was a Air Force fighter pilot during the Second World
War.
8. The educational was founded by a scholar seven years
ago.
further　
diseases　
Royal　
institution　
二、拓展单词
1. n.贡献→contribute v.贡献
2. n.减轻，缓解→relieve v.减轻，缓解
3. n.短缺，不足，缺乏→short adj.缺少的
4. adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n.效果
5. v.挣（钱）→earnings n.收入
6. v.捐赠，捐献→donation n.捐赠，捐献
7. n.真实，现实→real adj.真的→really adv.真正地
8. n.残疾，残障→disabled adj.残疾的
9. v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.迟疑，犹豫
contribution　
relief　
shortage　
effective　
earn　
donate　
reality　
disability　
hesitate　
10. n.帮助，援助→assist v.帮助，援助
11. n.登记，注册→register v.登记，注册
12. n.证实，证明→confirm v.证实，证明
13. n.成绩，成就→achieve v.实现
14. adj.最高级别的，首席的→chiefly adv.主要地
15. adj.重要的，主要的→majority n.大多数
16. n.治疗；疗法→treat v.治疗；对待
assistance　
registration　
confirmation　
achievement　
chief　
major　
treatment　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The worsening situation pressed them to take more
（effect） measures.
2. The invention of paper was a great （contribute） to
human civilization.
3. ①A man rushed to the girl to give her first aid and I joined in
without （hesitate）.
②A few students （hesitate） to start. They waited to
see what the rest of the class would do.
effective　
contribution　
hesitation　
hesitated　
4. ①Tiangong Ⅱ’s launch was an important historical
（achieve） for China， even for the whole world.
②He worked hard and （achieve） success.
5. ①To my （relieve）， the new medicine bought from
Beijing helped relieve the pain of my brother’s injured leg.
②Being able to tell the truth at last seemed （relieve）
her.
achievement　
achieved　
relief　
to relieve　
6. ①Her childhood dream became a （real） when she broke
the 800-meter race world record in the last Olympic Games.
②Some evidence proves that water （real） exists on
Mars， but there is still no sign of life.
7. ①One-third of the country is covered with trees and the
（major） of the citizens are black people.
②In college， he （major） in history and minored in
French.
reality　
really　
majority　
majored　
8. ①Some positions require students to be 15 to 24 or up to 29 for persons
with a （disable）.
②The organization is working to protect the rights of
（disable） veterans.
disability　
disabled　
三、重点短语
1. 　创立；建立
2. 　下决心做
3. 　有影响； 起（重要）作用
4. 　从……中获益
5. 　犹豫做某事
6. 　提出；想出
7. 　在……中起重要的作用
8. 　从……逃脱
9. 　处于危险中
set up　
be determined to do　
make a difference　
benefit from ...　
hesitate to do sth　
come up with　
play an important role in ...　
escape from ...　
in danger　
10. 　记录
11. 　担任
12. 　收留某人
13. 　在某一时刻
14. 　站起身来
15. 　去世
keep records of　
serve as　
take sb in　
at one point　
rise to one’s feet　
pass away　
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1. It’s time to start thinking outside the box.In other words， it’s time
to creative ways to save the coral reefs.
2. If everyone makes an effort to protect our environment， we will
surely .
3. For all these years， I have been working for others.I’m hoping
I’ll my own business some day.
4. Now only a few people are willing to donate their organs after
they .
come up with　
make a difference　
set up　
pass away　
5. To control your spending， you’d better your
expenses.
6. I thought she was going to refuse， but in the end she
agreed.
7. If the learners of online learning can’t control themselves well， they
will not online learning.
keep records of　
At one point　
benefit from　
四、经典句式
1. that引导同位语从句
As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan had trouble believing the
words spoken by his teacher
（在欠发达的非洲国
家，许多人都喝不到足够的干净的水）.
that many people in developing African
countries couldn’t get enough clean water　
2. “介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句
After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000，
（有了这笔钱，乌
干达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井）.
3. not ...but ...连接两个并列成分
Now， as an adult， Ryan says that the question to ask is
（不再是“我
为什么不去帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”）.
with which a
well was built near a primary school in Uganda　
not “Why
don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”　
4. on/upon＋名词/doing 表示“一……就……”
（一从学校毕业）， Winton worked in banks
in Germany and France.
On leaving school　
Ⅳ.补全句子
1. Word came .
消息传来，运动会将要被推迟。
2. Yesterday I lost the ticket to the show，
.
昨天，我把演出的门票丢了，没有门票我不能进入戏院。
3. is to blame for the accident.
不是你而是他应对这次事故负责。
that the sports meeting would be postponed　
without which I couldn’t
enter the theatre　
Not you but he　
4. ， she was astonished to find it filled
with colourful balloons and twinkling lights.
一进入房间，她就惊讶地发现房间里充满了五颜六色的气球和闪烁
的灯光。
On/Upon entering the room　
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1. Helping others is a virtue.助人为乐是一种美德。
2. Do not do evil things however trivial they are， and do not give up
good things however trivial they are.
勿以恶小而为之，勿以善小而不为。
3. Ten men banding together in love can do what ten thousand separate
men would fail in.
以爱心聚在一起的十个人能够完成一万个分散的人做不到的事情。
4. Love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places.
爱是一盏灯，在愈暗处愈亮。
5. If we each offer a piece of love， the world will become more
beautiful.
如果每人献上一片爱心，世界将会变得更美好。
6. There is no conflict between “helping others” and “being happy”.
“助人”和“为乐”本来就是不冲突的。
7. As long as there’s ability to help others， you have no right to stand
by.
你只要还有能力帮助别人，就没有权利袖手旁观。
8. Helping others to solve the difficulties and the pain is life’s greatest
happiness and joy.
帮助别人解决困难和痛苦是人生最大的幸福和快乐。
9. Dedicate love to others， not to let others make a return， but to make
yourself and others happy.
把爱心献给别人，不是让别人作出回报，而是使自己和别人快乐。
10. The greatest happiness of life is to help others.
人生最大的快乐就是帮助他人。
11. Whatever is worth doing at all is worth doing well.
凡是值得做的事，就值得做好。
12. The real meaning of life is to contribute.
人生的真正意义在于贡献。(共113张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The Well That Changed the World
　　As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan [1]had trouble
believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing
① African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.He looked across
the classroom at the drinking fountain②.It was very close — only ten steps
away.So， Ryan asked himself，“Why do some African children have to
③ walk ten kilometres to get water every day？ And why is the water
[2]so dirty that it makes them sick？” Young Ryan thought， “Life is
easy for me， [3]but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？”
　　[1]have trouble （in） doing sth做某事有困难；spoken by his
teacher为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰the words；that引导同位语
从句，解释说明前面words的内容，that在从句中不作任何成分，只
起连接作用。
　　[2]so ...that ...意为“如此……以至于……”；so后面跟形容
词或副词，that引导结果状语从句；make them sick为“make＋宾语
＋宾语补足语”结构，sick作宾语补足语。
　　[3]but hard for those people中，but是并列连词，hard for those
people是省略句，省略了life is。
【读文清障】
①developing adj.发展中的
　developed adj.发达的
②fountain n.喷水池
③have to 不得不
　　At first④，his plan was [4]to earn⑤ money to build a single well
somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening⑥ for his
family and neighbours.He soon reached his first target⑦ of $70， but
when he gave the money to a charity⑧， he [5]was told that it actually
cost $2，000 to build a well.Seventy dollars was only enough for a hand
pump⑨.Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the
children.[6]What they needed was a well dug⑩ near their homes.
　　[4]第一个动词不定式短语to earn money作表语；第二个动词不
定式短语to build a single well作目的状语。
　　[5]was told是一般过去时的被动语态；that引导宾语从句。
　　[6]What 引导主语从句，在从句中作needed的宾语；dug near
their homes为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰a well。
④at first 起初；首先
⑤earn v.挣（钱）
⑥do gardening 做园艺工作
⑦target n.目标；靶子
reach his first target 达到他的第一个目标
⑧charity n.慈善机构
⑨a hand bump 一个手压泵
⑩dig （dug，dug） v.挖掘
　　Two thousand dollars was a lot of money， but Ryan didn’t give up
.He was determined to help other children have clean water.He started
to ask for help from his classmates and neighbours and persuaded them
to donate money.At the same time ， a friend of Ryan’s mother
helped make his story go public .After several months， Ryan had raised
the $2，000， [7]with which a well was built near a primary school in
Uganda.The children at the school no longer needed to walk for hours
to get water.They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
　　In Uganda， Ryan at last saw [8]the finished well with his own eyes
.But that was not all.He also saw hundreds of delighted students who
had turned out to welcome him.They sang and danced happily.Some
even offered him food and gifts.At first Ryan was nervous， but soon a
great warmth filled him.He really had made a difference for these
children.He broke into a joyful smile .
　　[7]“介词＋which”引导非限制性定语从句，which指代先行词
$2，000。
　　[8]finished是动词finish的过去分词，此处作前置定语，修饰
well。
give up 放弃；戒掉
determined adj.坚定的，有决心的
be determined to do 下决心做……
start to do 开始做……
ask for help from ... 从……寻求帮助
persuade sb to do 说服某人去做……
donate v.捐赠，捐献
at the same time 与此同时
go public 宣扬出去；公布于众
no longer 不再
for hours 几个小时
be grateful to sb 对某人感激
invite sb to do sth 邀请某人做某事
with one’s own eyes 亲眼
hundreds of 几百个；数百个
delighted adj.感到高兴的
　delightful adj.使人高兴的
turn out 出席（某项活动）；在场
offer v.提供；给予
warmth n.温暖
make a difference有影响；起（重要）作用
break into a smile 突然笑起来
　　Later， Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to
encourage more people to help.Many inspired people gave him their
support.Ryan’s foundation continues to attract support from more and
more people ， so the work of building more wells can go on .Today，
over 800，000 people in 16 countries across Africa have benefited from
the life-changing gift of clean， safe water.
　　Now， as an adult， Ryan says that the question [9]to ask is not
“Why don’t I help？”， but “How can I help today？”.This
insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy [10]who
had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality .
　　[9]动词不定式作后置定语，修饰the question。
　　[10]who 引导定语从句，修饰先行词boy。
lead sb to do sth 引导某人做某事
set up 建立
foundation n.基金会
encourage sb to do sth鼓励某人做某事
inspired adj.受……激励的；受……影响的
continue to do sth 继续做某事
more and more people 越来越多的人
go on 继续下去
benefit from 从……中获益
not ...but ...不是……而是……
insight n.顿悟，猛醒
perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈
reality n.真实，现实
【参考译文】
改变世界的井
　　年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的
非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。瑞安的目光掠过教室，望
向对面的喷泉式饮水器。它是那么近——只有十步之遥。因此，瑞安
问自己：“为什么有的非洲孩子每天要步行十公里去取水？为什么他
们会因为喝了不卫生的水而生病？”年幼的瑞安想：“我的生活很舒
适，可他们的生活却那么艰难，我为什么不去帮助他们呢？”
　　起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲某个地方挖一口井。通过帮
助家人和邻居擦玻璃、做园艺，瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目
标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他
才得知建一口井实际的花费是2，000美元。70美元只够买一个手
压泵。瑞安明白，一个手压泵无法帮到非洲的孩子们，他们需要
的是一口离家不远的井。
　　2，000美元可不是一笔小数目，但是瑞安没有放弃。他下定决心
要帮助其他孩子获得干净的水。他开始向他的同学和邻居求助，劝说
他们捐款。与此同时，在瑞安妈妈的一位朋友的帮助下，瑞安的事为
公众所知了。几个月后，瑞安筹到了2，000 美元。有了这笔钱，乌干
达的一所小学旁边建起了一口井。这所学校的孩子们再也不用走几小
时的路去打水了。他们非常感激瑞安，并邀请瑞安前来参观。
　　在乌干达，瑞安终于亲眼见到了已经完工的井。不仅如此，
他还看到了几百名学生兴高采烈地迎接他。他们高兴地又唱又
跳，有的学生还为他送上了食物和礼物。刚开始瑞安还有点紧
张，但很快一股暖流涌上了他的心头，他真的改变了这些孩子的
生活。他突然高兴地笑了。
　　后来，这段经历促使瑞安建立了一个基金会，以鼓励更多的人伸
出援手。许多深受鼓舞的人都向瑞安提供支持。瑞安的基金会不断吸
引着越来越多的人给予帮助，从而使打井事业能够继续。今天，这份
能改变人一生的礼物——干净卫生的水——已经惠及了非洲16个国家
的80多万人。
　　如今，瑞安已长大成人，他说现在的问题不再是“我为什么不去
帮助他们”，而是“如今我该如何去帮助他们”。这份领悟，始于一
个有勇气和毅力实现梦想的六岁男孩那颗坚定不移的心。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What was wrong with the water in some developing African countries？
（　　）
A. The countries were too dry to have enough water.
B. The wells were too far away and the water was dirty.
C. People didn’t want to walk to fetch water.
D. People used too much water and polluted it.
2. What inspired the Canadian boy to help？（　　）
A. The drinking fountain in his school.
B. His teacher’s introduction.
C. The dirty water he found.
D. The ten-kilometre distance.
3. How did Ryan earn money at first？（　　）
A. He asked his parents for money.
B. He earned money by selling his toys.
C. He earned money by doing some housework.
D. He earned money by cleaning windows in the classroom.
4. Which is the direct result of Ryan’s effort？（　　）
A. Getting more clean water.
B. Setting up a foundation.
C. Building a new well.
D. Making him go public.
5. How can we describe the Canadian boy？（　　）
A. Helpful and determined.
B. Joyful and warm-hearted.
C. Hard-working and grateful.
D. Delighted and generous.
6. Which of the following statements is the best explanation of the title？
（　　）
A. Ryan was determined to give up his plan to build a well in Africa.
B. The well built by Ryan solved the problem of worldwide water
shortage.
C. The more wells you dig， the better the world will be.
D. The well built by Ryan encouraged more people to help make the world
a better place.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the mood.





（1）They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
（2）He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to
welcome him.
（3）At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.
（4）He broke into a joyful smile.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences showing people’s
perseverance.





（1）Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn’t give
up.
（2）He was determined to help other children have clean water.
（3）This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old
boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
3. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that show concern for
others.






（1）Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， but hard for those
people.Why don’t I help？”
（2）Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the
children.What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
（3）Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to
encourage more people to help.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. As a senior high school student， what can you do to help people in
need？


2. What if you want to help those in need but you find you can’t finish it
on your own？


I can offer food and hot water to the homeless people， and I can also
donate my pocket money to help the children in poor areas.
I will turn to some adults around for help instead of helping them by
myself because that can make me in the same trouble.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the
words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African
countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
句式分析 spoken by his teacher是过去分词短语作 语，修
饰the words；that many people in developing African countries ...是
that引导的 从句，解释说明 。
自主翻译

后置定　
同位语　
words　
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——
在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。　
2. He soon reached his first target of $70，but when he gave the money to
a charity， he was told that it actually cost $2，000 to build a well.
句式分析 句中but连接两个并列分句；第二个分句中when引导
从句，主句为he was told ...to build a well，主句中含有
一个that引导的 从句，该从句中 作形式主语，真正
的主语是 。
自主翻译


时
间状语　
宾语　
it　
to build a well　
瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。
但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的
花费是2，000美元。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
contribution n.贡献；捐献；投稿
【教材原句】　the contribution these people made to society这些人对
社会所做的贡献
【用法】
（1）make contributions/a contribution to　对……作出贡献
（2）contribute vi.& vt.　　捐献；捐助；撰稿
contribute ...to ... 把……捐献给……；为……撰稿
contribute to 有助于；促成；造成；向……投稿
（3）contributor n.　　投稿人；捐赠者
【佳句】　A teacher was so deeply moved by these kind people that she
wrote an essay and contributed to a newspaper.
一位老师被这些好心人深深地感动了，于是她写了一篇文章并投到了
一家报社。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Doing small things well contributes to （build） up our
confidence and helping us meet bigger challenges in the future.
②They are people who warm our hearts with their moving stories and
significant （contribute） to the society.
③It was generous of her to contribute such a large sum of money
the charity.
building　
contributions　
to　
【写美】　补全句子
④Your advice will the success of the class meeting.
你的建议将有助于班会的成功。　（求助信）
contribute to　
relief n.减轻，缓解
【教材原句】　The amount of relief and comfort experienced by the sick
after the skin has been carefully washed and dried， is one of the
commonest observations made at a sick bed.
病人在皮肤被仔细清洗和干燥之后所感受到的缓解和舒适程度是病床
前最经常要观察的事情之一。
【用法】
（1）with relief　　　　 　如释重负；松了一口气
to one’s relief　　令某人欣慰的是
It is a relief to do sth　　做某事是一种解脱
breathe a sigh of relief　　松了一口气
What a relief！　　可轻松了！
（2）relieve vt.　　救出；解脱；使脱离
relieve sb of ...　　 帮助某人减轻……
（3）relieved adj.　　感到宽慰的
【佳句】　I breathed a sigh of relief as the plane my parents were
aboard landed safely.
＝I sighed with relief as the plane my parents were aboard landed safely.
我父母乘坐的飞机安全着陆时，我松了一口气。　（心理描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
① （relief）， she went home with a weight lifted off her
heart.
②He came to tell us that the work had been successfully completed，
which made us smile relief.
③The new secretary will contribute to relieving us some of the
paperwork.
Relieved　
with　
of　
【写美】　一句多译
④发现我妹妹已经适应了新环境，我感到很欣慰。
→ find my sister had adjusted to the new
surroundings.
→ ， I found my sister had adjusted to the new
surroundings.
It was a relief to　
To my relief　
shortage n.短缺，不足，缺乏
【教材原句】　Freshwater shortage （less than 1，000
m3/capita/year） 淡水缺乏（每人每年不到1，000立方米）
（1）a shortage of ...　　　缺乏……
food/housing/water shortage　　食物/住房/用水短缺
（2）short adj.　　缺少的；短的；矮的
be short of　　缺少……
be short for　　是……的缩写/简称
in short　　总之，简言之
for short　　作为简称
have a short memory　　记性差
【用法】
【佳句】　There’s no shortage of ideas when it comes to improving the
education of children.
谈到改善孩子的教育，大家都想法很多。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Nursing homes in Beijing are short 20，000 workers due to high
stress.
②Food （short） will long be a worldwide problem though
much has been done.
③The word NBA is short the National Basketball Association.
of　
shortage　
for　
【写美】　补全句子
④ ， I think we should remember his contributions to our
country and learn from him.
总之，我认为我们应记住他对国家的贡献，并向他学习。
In short　
effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的
【教材原句】　Now tick the solutions that you think are most effective
to supply Africa with fresh water.
现在勾选你认为向非洲供应淡水最有效的解决方案。
（1）effect n.　　　效果；影响；作用
have an effect on ...　　对……有影响
bring/put ...into effect　　使……生效；实行……　
come into effect＝take effect　　生效
in effect　　实际上；生效
cause and effect　　因果
（2）affect vt. 影响；（疾病）侵袭，使感染
【用法】
【佳句】　They decided to take effective measures.Moreover， they
would establish a water-saving foundation.
他们决定采取有效措施。此外，他们将建立一个节水基金会。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In my opinion， go outdoors and play team games with your friends，
which is an （effect） way to get rid of anger.
②Much to his relief， the new rule came effect at last.
③ effect， the twins differ from each other in many ways.
effective　
into　
In　
【写美】　补全句子
④Li Bai wrote a great number of excellent poems， which
Chinese culture.
李白创作了大量优秀的诗歌，对中国文化产生了巨大的影响。
have a great
effect on　
earn v.挣（钱）；赢得，博得
【教材原句】　At first， his plan was to earn money to build a single
well somewhere in Africa.
起初，他的计划是挣些钱在非洲某个地方挖一口井。
（1）earn/make a living　谋生
earn money　　挣钱
earn sb sth＝earn sth for sb　　为某人赢得某物
earn the respect of sb　　赢得某人的尊敬
（2）earnings n.　　（复数）薪水，工资
【用法】
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I had no idea where my father worked， nor how he earned
living.
【写美】　补全句子
②His kindness
.
他的善良为他赢得了一个好名声。
a　
earned him a good reputation/earned a good reputation
for him　
donate v.捐赠，捐献
【教材原句】　He started to ask for help from his classmates and
neighbours and persuaded them to donate money.他开始向他的同学和
邻居求助，劝说他们捐款。
【用法】
（1）donate ...to ...　　　　　向……捐赠……
（2）donation n.　　捐献，捐赠；捐款
make a donation to ...　　向……捐赠
（3）donor n.　　捐赠者
（4）donated adj.　　捐赠的
【佳句】　I want to donate the money I earned from my part-time jobs to
the foundation.
我想把我从兼职工作中挣来的钱捐给这个基金会。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①This time she was told that if a suitable （donate） could be
found， a kidney transplant was the best option.
②Your （donate） will be used to help the students from
mountain villages.
donor　
donation　
【写美】　补全句子
③It is reported that the businessman our
school.
据报道，那个商人向我们学校捐了一百万美元。
donated a million dollars to　
break into a smile 突然笑起来
【教材原句】　He broke into a joyful smile.他突然高兴地笑了。
【用法】
break into　　 　破门而入；闯入；突然……起来
break in　　强行进入；插嘴
break out 　　（战争、火灾等）爆发；突然发生
break down　　停止运转，出故障；分解；垮掉
break up　打碎；分裂，解体；结束；（关系等）破裂；散开，解散
break away （from ...） 突然离开；（从……中）脱离
【佳句】　Don’t break in when he is telling his own story.他讲自己的
故事时，不要插嘴。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①She just broke with her boyfriend. Make sure that you are
sensitive to her feelings.
②His car broke on the way， and that was why he was late for
the meeting.
③Nowadays many farmers want to break away farming and
make a living in cities.
up　
down　
from　
【写美】　补全句子
④The teacher’s eyes sparkled and .
老师的眼睛闪闪发光，突然笑起来。　（神态描写）
broke into a smile　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：that引导同位语从句
【教材原句】　As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan had
trouble believing the words spoken by his teacher that many people in
developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲
国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
【用法】
同位语从句用来说明其所修饰的名词的具体内容，通常由that引导，
常放在名词advice， demand， doubt， suggestion， truth， wish，
word等之后。
【点津】　that作为关系代词，可以引导定语从句，充当句子成分，
在从句中作宾语时可以省略；that引导同位语从句时，起连词的作
用，没有实际意义，不充当句子成分，不能省略。
【写美】　微写作
①他的健康每况愈下的消息使我们很难过。
The news makes us sad.
②他给我的建议是我应该停止抱怨。
He gave me the suggestion .
试比较下面两个例句：
I had no idea that you were here.（that引导同位语从句，不能省略）
Have you got the idea （that） this book gives you？（that引导定语从
句，作宾语，可以省略）
that his health is failing　
that I should stop complaining　
③我们不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
There is no possibility
.
④我们相信张伟会遵守诺言。
We hold the belief .
that we will finish the work in such a short
time　
that Zhang Wei will keep his promise　
句型公式：“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句
【教材原句】　After several months， Ryan had raised the $2，000，
with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda.几个月
后，瑞安筹到了2，000美元。有了这笔钱，乌干达的一所小学旁边建
起了一口井。
【用法】
句中with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda是“介
词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句。
（1）在“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句中，关系代词指物用
which，指人用whom，不能用that或who代替，也不可省略。但如果
介词后置，则不受这种限制。
（2）介词的确定要遵循“一先、二动、三意义”的原则：“一
先”，即根据先行词的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；“二动”，即根
据定语从句中的动词或形容词所需要的某种习惯搭配来确定介词；
“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。
（3）关系副词when， where， why可用“介词＋which”来代替。
【品悟】　There comes Tom，for whom I have been waiting an hour or
so.
汤姆来了，我等了他大约一个小时。
【写美】　微写作/同义句转换
①他递给我一支钢笔，我用它记下了他的电话号码。
He handed me a pen， .
②我哥哥曾经就读的大学很有名气。
The university， ， is very
famous.
with which I wrote down his phone number　
in which my elder brother once studied　
③I still remember the day when we met for the first time.
→I still remember the day， we met for the first time.
④I don’t know the reason why the house is so dirty.
→I don’t know the reason， the house is so dirty.
on which　
for which　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. I took off my shoes and socks and played in the （喷水
池） with other children.
2. The show was held to encourage students to （回收利用）
their trash and protect the environment.
3. The organisation aimed at helping children in remote areas
is （资助） by several local companies.
fountain　
recycle　
funded　
4. You should be clear about the （内部的） structure of a
building.
5. She e a good income and has flexible working hours.
6. The project would give scientists new i into what is happening
to the Earth’s atmosphere.
internal　
arns　
nsights　
维度二：词形转换
1. I have no idea what （effect） measures our school will
take to strengthen our listening skills.
2. The （short） of water has become a global problem that
needs to be solved urgently.
3. Yuan Longping， who passed away on 22 May 2021， made a
great （contribute） to China’s agriculture.
4. All the （donate） received by the charity are to help
the disabled children.
effective　
shortage　
contribution　
donations　
5. The （realise） of the situation is that unless we find some
new funding soon， the youth centre will have to close.
6. Knowing that the new couple led a satisfying life， all their relatives
sighed with （relieve）.
7. They showed great （persevere） in the face of
difficulties.
8. Their （earn） are embarrassing，when it comes to the
high house price.
reality　
relief　
perseverance　
earnings　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. With all the efforts， the result of the experiment did not
（证明是） to be the way the researchers had expected.
2. When the teacher announced the good news， she
（突然笑了起来） happily.
3. With her experience， she would
（找工作不成问题）.
4. I will help （建立） the English corner， providing us
students a platform to practice our oral English.
turn out　
broke into a
smile　
have no trouble in getting a job　
set up　
5. As long as everyone gives a bit of his own love， it will
（有影响） to the whole world.
6. If the learners of online learning cannot control themselves well， they
will not （受益于） online learning.
7. Word came （他的诗获得了一等
奖）.
8. We saw a new play at the theatre，
（在这之后我们在一家餐馆吃了晚饭）.
make a
difference　
benefit from　
that his poem won first prize　
after which we had supper at a
restaurant　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy， Ryan had difficulty
1. （believe） the words spoken by his teacher that many
people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean
water.So Ryan decided 2. （help）.
believing　
to help　
　　To begin with， he planned to earn money to build a single well
somewhere in Africa.He cleaned windows and did gardening for his
family and neighbours， and soon reached his first target of $70.But when
he gave the money to a charity， he 3. （tell） that it
4. （actual） cost $2，000 to build a well.He then
persuaded his classmates and neighbours to donate money.His mother’s
friend also helped him.Eventually， after several 5.
（month）， he raised enough money， with which a well was built near
a primary school in Uganda.
was told　
actually　
months　
　　Ryan was invited to visit Uganda.He saw the 6.
（finish） well with his own eyes.He also saw hundreds of delighted
students 7. had turned out to welcome him.He really had
made 8. difference for these children.Later， Ryan’s experience
led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.
finished　
who/that　
a　
　　Now， Ryan is an adult.He says that the question to ask is not
“Why don’t I help？”， 9. “How can I help today？”.This
insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had
the courage and perseverance to make his dream a 10.
（real）.
but　
reality　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　I’m approaching the Knight Street Bridge as I try to get home after
work. It’s 5：15 pm. Traffic is slowing down and then it comes to a full
stop. I’m stuck even before getting on the bridge.
　　This has become my normal work commute （上下班往返）
routine. Ahead of me is a heavily jammed on-ramp （匝道）. I stare at
the endless rows of vehicles， depressed. Seconds pass. Minutes pass.
Looking at the rows of cars and trucks， I start counting — 299， 300，
301 — and I give up.
　　Suddenly I remember I’m one of the 300 helpless drivers. When the
cars do move， I move carefully， making sure not to knock into other
vehicles. Finally， I make it onto the bridge. The traffic is still crawling
at a snail’s pace. Tired and hungry， I become very anxious.
　　Just then， I hear a faint sound in the distance. The sound gradually
becomes louder， until I can identify it as an emergency vehicle
approaching from behind. What do we do？ The bridge is packed.
There’s no room for us to move.
　　But I’m wrong. Every single car quickly， yet carefully， moves to
the side. Without thinking， I follow suit. The lane remains open for a
few seconds during which the ambulance flashes through.
　　Afterward， every car moves back into formation （队形）. We
close up the emergency lane， continuing our patient wait. Back in my
spot， I’m awestruck. My exhaustion and anxiety are gone. I start
reflecting upon what 300 fellow drivers and I just did.
　　Despite our exhaustion， we all decided to help the stranger who
needed the time more desperately than we did. We drew on our
compassion （同情心） and intelligence， requiring no orders. Although
I may seem alone stuck on the bridge， I’m connected to all the other
drivers. Together we could make the impossible possible.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者下班回家堵在拥挤的车道上，
这时一辆救护车从后面驶来，人们都自发让出车道，让救护车顺利
通过，这一举动展现了人性的善良。
1. How does the author feel when seeing the on-ramp？（　　）
A. Calm. B. Shocked.
C. Delighted. D. Discouraged.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Ahead of me is a
heavily ...of vehicles， depressed.可知，当看到拥挤不堪的入口匝
道时，作者感到沮丧。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者下班回家堵在拥挤的车道上，
这时一辆救护车从后面驶来，人们都自发让出车道，让救护车顺利
通过，这一举动展现了人性的善良。
2. What does the author think when knowing an ambulance is
approaching？（　　）
A. All drivers will be willing to move.
B. It will be hard for it to pass through.
C. Someone should direct the traffic.
D. Whoever is inside needs immediate help.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句可知，作者认为桥上
挤满了车，没有移动的空间让救护车通过。由此可知，当知道救护
车即将到来时，作者认为它将很难通过。
3. What does the underlined word “awestruck” in Paragraph 6 most
probably mean？（　　）
A. Deeply doubtful.
B. Extremely confused.
C. Feeling confident.
D. Filled with amazement.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第五段内容可知，桥上的车辆全部自
发地让出车道，让救护车顺利通过。由此可知，这种善良的举动让
作者感到惊奇。
4. What does the author think made the miracle happen？（　　）
A. People’s kindness.
B. The drivers’ positive attitude.
C. Instructions from a stranger.
D. The drivers’ good driving skills.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段前两句可知，我们发挥我们
的同情心，展现了人性的善良，在无任何指令的情况下，帮助了比
我们更迫切需要时间的陌生人。由此推知，作者认为是人们的善良
促成了奇迹的发生。
B
　　When 19-year-old Emily Bhatnagar from Maryland， USA， found
out her father had stage four thyroid （甲状腺） cancer， her response
was a little different than you might expect. To honour her father， who
she also describes as her best friend， she decided to start a book drive
called For Love and Buttercup， collecting books for kids with cancer.
　　“It was very much an overnight idea，” she explains. “I posted a
message on an app called Nextdoor asking my neighbours for used book
donations. I was only expecting a few here and there， but the response
was truly incredible， and it was just the push I needed to co-exist with my
grief rather than letting it consume me.”
　　“It was absolutely heartbreaking to watch my dad go through cancer
and see him lose a little bit of himself each day， but the book drive
allowed me to develop a new-found sense of purpose combined with an
even greater sense of compassion to help others in any shape or form. I
wanted to help kids. They’ve always held a soft spot in my heart.”
　　Using tips she earns from working at her parents’ bread shop，
Emily has bought many books out of her own pocket. In addition， she
receives donations through her Amazon wish list， which can be found in
the bio of the book drive’s Instagram account.
　　Emily and her older brother spent a whole summer driving around
town， loading boxes of books into their car. “It was such an honour
knowing people have carried these books all their lives through
generations， and they wanted to gift them to my cause.”
　　The project has seen huge success， with For Love and Buttercup
donating over 15，000 books and being recognized by The Washington
Post， Forbes， The President’s Volunteer Service Award and Lady
Gaga’s Born This Way Foundation.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为了向抗癌的父亲表示
敬意，来自美国马里兰州的Emily Bhatnagar发起了一场图书募捐活
动， 为患癌的儿童筹集书籍。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了为了向抗癌的父亲表示
敬意，来自美国马里兰州的Emily Bhatnagar发起了一场图书募捐活
动， 为患癌的儿童筹集书籍。
5. Why did Emily decide to start a book drive？（　　）
A. To show respect for her sick father.
B. To raise money for kids with cancer.
C. To recycle used books from neighbours.
D. To draw more attention from the media.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，为了表示对生
病的父亲的尊重，Emily决定发起一场募捐活动。
6. What can we learn about Emily from Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. Emily didn’t give up in the face of difficulties.
B. Helping kids brought Emily great joy and pride.
C. Emily was well aware of what her life was all about.
D. Emily’s story deeply touched the hearts of kids she had helped.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段中的It was absolutely
heartbreaking ...any shape or form.可知，Emily很清楚她的人生真
谛是什么。
7. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs？（　　）
A. The book drive was highly thought of.
B. The book drive earned Emily fame and fortune.
C. Emily was honoured to know many kind people.
D. Emily received a lot of support from the news media.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的It was such an
honour ...和最后一段中的The project has seen huge success ...可
知，图书活动受到高度评价。
8. What is the text mainly about？（　　）
A. A father’s moving story of fighting cancer.
B. People’s responses to a girl’s act of kindness.
C. A girl’s courage to conquer challenges in life.
D. A book drive launched to collect books for kids with cancer.
解析： 　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Emily
Bhatnagar发起了一场图书募捐活动，为患癌的儿童筹集书籍。
C
　　This year a group called Teach for America （TFA） saw an increase
in applications by 36 per cent.The organization recruits （招聘） college
graduates to help fill a teacher shortage in less developed areas of
America.The organization’s leaders say some college graduates prefer to
take the positions in public service during the economic downturn but
many feel a renewed spirit of public service.
　　“Teaching is much harder than I expected.Changing the world is
never easy，” says Loren Heinbach.She has made up her mind to
become a teacher to address the imbalance in education that exists between
rich and poor communities.
　　Heinbach is one of over 6，000 TFA members， recent college
graduates who volunteer to teach children in poor inner cities and rural
public schools.She gives up possible work in medicine or law which will
pay much more later on.Instead， she takes a teaching job at the KIPP
Academy.
　　The school is in a neighbourhood of Washington， DC. The students
there traditionally perform in the lowest 25％ of national standards.Vice
Principal Kristy Ochs says the school is working hard to improve the
quality of education， but it is difficult to find teachers willing to do the
hard work.
　　Ochs also gets her start in TFA. Two-thirds of members stay in
education after their two-year service ends.She says these new teachers
make every effort to teach school.
　　Heinbach’s students say she has high standards and
expectations.One student says， “You have to really pay attention.The
questions may seem easy， but if you make the wrong decision on a
question， it’s like you really messed up.” “She also likes us to take
notes.And I do thank her because she is getting us ready for college，”
another student adds.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了TFA的成员Heinbach去美
国欠发达地区志愿教书的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了TFA的成员Heinbach去美
国欠发达地区志愿教书的经历。
9. What’s the purpose of TFA recruiting college students？（　　）
A. To send more teachers to poor areas.
B. To create well-paid jobs.
C. To grow its business.
D. To earn high praise from the government.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的The organization recruits
（招聘） college graduates to help fill a teacher shortage in less
developed areas of America.可知，TFA招聘大学毕业生是为了弥补
美国贫困地区短缺的教师资源。
10. Why does Loren Heinbach choose to take a teaching job？（　　）
A. She will get an increase in pay soon.
B. She failed to get into the public service.
C. She tries to live up to her parents’ expectation.
D. She wants to change the imbalanced education.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的She has made up her mind
to ...that exists between rich and poor communities.可知，Loren
Heinbach 选择教书是为了改变不均衡的教育现状。
11. What can we know about the KIPP Academy？（　　）
A. Its teachers are experienced.
B. Its teachers dislike schooling.
C. Its students perform badly in study.
D. Its students are from rich families.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第四段中的The students there
traditionally perform in the lowest 25％ of national standards.可知，
KIPP Academy的学生成绩较差。
12. Which word best describes Loren Heinbach as a teacher？（　　）
A. Strict. B. Regretful.
C. Lucky. D. Stressed.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Heinbach’s students
say she has high standards and expectations.可推断，Loren Heinbach
是一位严厉的老师。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　How to Find Your Potential
　　Personal potential is all about hard work and strategy.Here are four
tips that will guide you on finding motivation and putting it to good use.
　　Know Your Inner Voice
　　13. （　　） Bear in mind that you’re not looking for your
potential here but only finding out what you truly want in life.Your
potential is finally what you work for.It’s best to work for things that you
want so that you enjoy the process.
　　Make Efforts
　　Once you’ve planned a suitable final goal， it’s time to make an
effort.Understanding your potential requires big efforts in the right
direction.It won’t just click one day randomly.14.（　　）
　　Set Milestones （里程碑）
　　One mistake that a lot of people make in hopes of understanding their
potential is aiming for the stars on the first go.15.（　　） That’s not
how you get successful.It’s the baby steps that take you to your goal.
　　When you set milestones， try to break down the long-term process
into smaller parts.16.（　　）
　　Accept Failures
　　Bear in mind that you’re only getting started.Even if something is
your passion， you can’t possibly be perfect at it at once.Failures are
part of every success story.It’s all right to have some unexpected things
here and there.Don’t let them demotivate you.17.（　　） It only
means you’re learning more， and that will finally help you grow beyond
limits.
A. You have to work to find answers.
B. The secret is to celebrate the little successes.
C. You can then work towards your other option.
D. Step by step， you open the way to your big goal.
E. The first step towards success is to listen to yourself.
F. Failing does not mean that you have to change your path.
G. They set their mind on the bigger picture and directly go for it.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条关于如何发掘个人
潜力的建议。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了四条关于如何发掘个人
潜力的建议。
13. E　根据Know Your Inner Voice和空后一句可知，要想弄明白自
己真正想要的东西，就要先了解自己的内心。故E项（走向成功的第
一步是倾听自己的内心）符合语境。E项中的listen to yourself呼应小
标题中的Your Inner Voice。
14. A　上文指出了解你的潜力需要你在正确的方向上付出巨大的努
力，而不是某一天突然就能领悟到。故A项（你必须努力去寻找答
案）承接上文，符合语境。A项中的find answers呼应上文中的
Understanding your potential。click意为“突然明白，豁然开朗”。
15. G　上文指出有些人想一下子就了解自己的潜力，下文指出那不
是取得成功的方式，因此本空应该与那些人的做法相关。故G项（他
们把注意力放在更大的愿景上，然后直接就去做）符合语境。G项中
的They指代上文中的a lot of people，且set their mind on the bigger
picture呼应上文中的aiming for the stars。aim for the stars志存高远，心
比天高；first go第一次尝试。
16. D　根据Set Milestones （里程碑）以及It’s the baby steps that
take you to your goal.和try to break down the long-term process into
smaller parts可知，作者建议逐步地实现目标。故D项（逐步地，你将
迈向自己的大目标）指出制定阶段性目标的结果，符合语境。
17. F　根据上文内容可知，失败是成功的一部分，作者建议要接受失
败；再根据空后一句可知，设空处应指出It指代什么，且与失败产生
的影响有关。故F项（失败并不意味着你必须改变你的道路）与下文
内容形成转折关系，符合语境。下文中的It指代F项中的Failing，且F
项中的mean与下文中的means是原词复现。(共83张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
过去分词（短语）作定语
①In Uganda，Ryan at last saw the finished well with his own eyes.
②As a six-year-old Canadian schoolboy，Ryan had trouble believing the
words spoken by his teacher that many people in developing African
countries couldn’t get enough clean water.
③The lost time can never be found again.
④We were told we would meet at given time and place.
⑤The student dressed in white is my daughter.
⑥The movie called Ad Astra was famous for its special techniques.
【我的发现】
1. 例句①③④中蓝体部分为 的过去分词作定语，常常放在被
修饰名词的 ；例句②⑤⑥中蓝体部分为
作定语，应放在被修饰名词的 。
2. 蓝体部分表示被动意义的有句 ；表示完成意义的有句
；表示被动完成的有句 ；表示状态的有句 。
单个　
前面　
过去分词短语　
后面　
②⑥　
③
④　
①　
⑤　
一、过去分词（短语）作定语时的位置
1. 前置定语
一般情况下，单个过去分词作前置定语，即放在所修饰词之前。
Many used computers will be sold in this market.
很多二手电脑将在这个市场出售。
名师点津
有些过去分词表示特定含义时，单独作定语也可放在所修饰的名
词之后，如left （剩余的），given （所给的），concerned （有
关的）等。
There’s little time left.Let’s hurry up.
剩余的时间不多了，我们快点吧。
2. 后置定语
过去分词短语作定语时往往作后置定语，即放在所修饰词之后，它
的作用相当于一个定语从句。
He is a teacher loved by his students.
他是一位受学生爱戴的老师。
The book published ten years ago is still a best-seller today.
十年前出版的这本书现在仍然是一本畅销书。
二、过去分词（短语）作定语时的意义
1. 及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成，即被修饰词通常
是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者，且该动作已经完成。
The injured workers are now being taken good care of in the hospital.
受伤的工人现在正在医院受到良好的照顾。
Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially designed
to help them succeed academically and personally.
大多数大学现在给大一学生提供一门专门设计的课程来帮助他们在
学术和个人发展上获得成功。
2. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成，不表示被动。
The risen sun is shining brightly in the morning.
早上升起的太阳正明亮地闪耀着。
Many little kids like gathering fallen leaves in the yard.
许多小孩子喜欢在庭院里收集落叶。
名师点津
过去分词（短语）作定语时，其语法功能相当于一个定语从句
Tsinghua University， founded（＝which was founded） in 1911， is
home to a great number of outstanding people.
清华大学建立于1911年，是许多名人的母校。
As we all know， America is a developed country （＝a country
which/that is developed）.
众所周知，美国是一个发达国家。
【即时演练1】　根据括号内的汉语提示补全句子
①You can put the books in the （指定的地方），
so others can have free access to them.
②In the （受损的房子）， the firefighters saved a
lot of injured people.
③Our teacher watched us doing the experiment and gave us a
（满意的微笑） at last.
④They’re having a meeting to discuss the serious problem
（每人熟知的）.
appointed place　
damaged house　
satisfied
smile　
known to
everybody　
⑤To solve the problem， we should meet the demands
（顾客提出的）.
⑥The players （选自全国的） are
expected to bring us honour in this coming Olympic Games.
made by the
customers　
selected from the whole country　
三、不同非谓语动词形式作定语的区别
类别 形式 意义
动词-ing形式
作定语 doing 表示主动动作正在进行；表示经常性的动
作或现在（当时）的状态
being
done 表示被动动作正在进行
过去分词作
定语 done 表示被动、完成或者被动动作已经完成
动词不定式
作定语 to do 表示主动动作将要发生
to be
done 表示被动动作将要发生
The problem being discussed at the meeting is very important.（表示动
作正在进行）
The problem discussed at the meeting is very important.（表示动
作已完成）
The problem to be discussed at the meeting is important.（表示被动动
作将要发生）
名师点津
表示情感或心理状态的过去分词已经形容词化，常见的这类过去分词
有：disappointed（失望的），frightened（害怕的），puzzled（困惑
的），shocked（震惊的）等。
【即时演练2】　用所给词的适当形式填空
①Ian has a brother （work） in a bank in London and a
sister （study） economics at university in Manchester.
②The matter （discuss） at the meeting yesterday was of
great significance.
③The problem （talk） about now has something to do
with our work.
④The airport （complete） next year will help
promote tourism in this area.
⑤The scientific advances （mention） in your article are
interesting.
working　
studying　
discussed　
being talked　
to be completed　
mentioned　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
take up 开始从事/担当；拿起；接受；继续；占用（时间）；占据
（空间）；对……产生兴趣
【教材原句】　Since 1953， UNICEF has taken up an extended
mission to help children in the developing world， including those living
with diseases or disabilities， and those affected by rapid modernisation
and environmental problems.
自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会开始了一项长期任务来帮助发展中
国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受快速现代
化和环境问题影响的儿童。
【用法】
take away　　　　拿走；消除（感情、痛苦等）
take in　　领会，理解；收留；欺骗；吸收
take off　　休假；脱去（衣服）；起飞；突然大受欢迎
take on　　雇用；呈现
take over　　接管
【佳句】　Roger took painting up for a while， but soon lost interest.
罗杰有段时间喜欢上了绘画，但很快就又没了兴趣。
【练透】　语境辨义
①The teacher took up the lesson where he left off last week.

②The headteacher takes up her duties in August.
③I’ll try not to take up much of your time.
继续　
开始担当　
占用（时间）　
【写美】 补全句子
④There is still two hours before our plane ， so take your time.
离我们的飞机起飞还有两个小时，因此不用着急。
takes off　
sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
【教材原句】　He’s sensitive and rather serious， which sometimes
makes him appear to be a little bookish.
他很敏感，也很严肃，有时会显得有点书呆子气。
（1）be sensitive to　 　　　对……过敏/体贴
be sensitive about　　对……敏感的（感情上）/容易生气的
（2）sense n.　　感官；感觉；意识；意义
vt.　　感觉到；觉察到
make sense　　讲得通；有意义；合乎情理
make sense of　　弄明白，理解
There is no sense （in） doing sth 　　做某事没有意义
（3）sensible adj.　　明智的；合理的；察觉到的
【用法】
【佳句】　The headteacher must be sensitive to a child’s needs.
班主任必须对孩子的需求体察入微。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He was very sensitive his scar and thought everyone was
staring at him.
②There is no sense in （complain）.We should take
action now.
③There are so many new words in the passage that I could hardly make
sense them at all.
about　
complaining　
of
【写美】　补全句子
④Participating in activities of “Showing Loving Hearts for the
Disabled” made me .
参加“爱心助残”活动，让我更能理解他们的现状。
much more sensitive to their present situation　
generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
【教材原句】　She’s usually very shy， but she’s generous and
never hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，而且总是毫不犹豫地帮助别人。
【用法】
（1）be generous to sb　　　对某人慷慨
be generous with sth　　在某方面大方
It’s generous of sb to do sth　　某人做某事很慷慨
（2）generosity n.　　慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
【佳句】　Although he was not rich at that time，he was quite generous
to his relatives and friends.
他那时虽然不富裕，但对他的亲朋好友很慷慨。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①Teachers in our school are generous their time， often staying
after class to help students.
②The young man is always so helpful that he treats others
with （generous）.
with　
generosity　
【写美】　补全句子
③ us a helping hand when we are in
trouble.
你真慷慨，在我们有困难的时候伸出了援助之手。
It’s generous of you to lend　
hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫
【教材原句】　She’s usually very shy， but she’s generous and never
hesitates to help.
她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，而且总是毫不犹豫地帮助别人。
（1）hesitate about/over （doing） ...　对（做）……感到犹豫
hesitate to do sth　　迟疑做某事，不愿做某事
（2）hesitation n.　　犹豫，迟疑
without hesitation　　毫不犹豫地
have no hesitation in doing sth　　毫不犹豫地做某事
（3）hesitant adj.　　犹豫的，踌躇的
【用法】
【佳句】　I hesitated for a moment， wondering how to hide my inner
embarrassment.
我犹豫了一会儿，揣摩如何掩饰内心的尴尬。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①Without （hesitate），she leapt into the water and saved
the drowning child.
②People often hesitate trying new things.
③I have no hesitation in （recommend） Ms Li for
the job.
hesitation　
about/over　
recommending　
【写美】　补全句子
④If you have any questions related to our course to ask，
don’t me.
如果你有任何与我们的课程有关的问题要问，尽管联系我。　
（告知信）
hesitate to contact　
assistance n.帮助，援助
【教材原句】　In China， volunteers are also playing an increasingly
important role in environmental protection， disability assistance and
many other fields.
在中国，志愿者们在环境保护、残疾人救助和很多其他领域也起着越
来越重要的作用。
（1）with the assistance of ...　　　在……的帮助下
come/go to one’s assistance　　来/去帮助某人
offer/provide assistance　　提供帮助
technical assistance　　技术援助
（2）assist v.　　帮助，协助，援助
assist sb with sth　　在某方面帮助某人
assist sb to do/in doing sth　　帮助某人做某事
（3）assistant n.　　助手，助理
adj.　　有帮助的
【用法】
【佳句】　 With the assistance of their father， the twins managed to
make tasty breakfast.
在父亲的帮助下，这对双胞胎设法做了美味的早餐。
【练透】　 单句语法填空
①The doctor shares his phone number with the patients in case they need
medical （assist）.
②When in Grade 1， I was elected as （assist） to my
English teacher.
assistance　
assistant　
【写美】　一句多译
③我乐意在业余时间帮助你学习普通话。
→I am willing to your Mandarin in my spare time.
→I am willing to Mandarin in my spare
time.
assist you with　
assist you to learn/in learning　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. It is a non-profit organization whose （使命） is to
provide medical care to those affected by disasters.
2. The couple walked along the only path which （延伸）
as far as the riverside.
mission　
extended　
3. To build the famous （皇家的） garden， the Qing
government invested lots of manpower and physical resources in it.
4. People who do not smoke have less potential to suffer from
lung （癌症） than those who do so.
5. Some （疾病） broke out during that time， sometimes
even leading to death.
6. As we know， the marriage without （登记） is not
recognised by the law.
royal　
cancer　
diseases　
registration　
7. The girl is very （敏感的） to what others think of her
and easily annoyed by their comments.
8. To be frank， without my English teacher’s encouragement
and （帮助）， I wouldn’t have made such great
progress in English.
9. There has still been no official c of the report， so we
don’t know if it is true.
10. If a student gets hungry on the long drives to and from school，
Wilson never h to buy them a meal.
sensitive　
assistance　
onfirmation　
esitates　
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. on his face suggested that he had passed the exam.
他脸上激动的表情表明他通过了考试。
2. Hearing ， we all felt proud of our country.
听到这个令人鼓舞的消息，我们都为我们的国家感到骄傲。
3. The majority of the visitors liked the new picture
.
大多数参观者都很喜欢这位年轻人画的那幅新画。
The excited look
the encouraging news　
drawn by the young
man　
4. Teenagers tend to have bad academic
performance.
沉迷于智能手机的青少年往往学习成绩不佳。
5. His book next month is based on a true story.
他下个月出版的书是根据一个真实的故事写成的。
6. He sat there， .
他坐在那里，仰望着升起的太阳。
7. The club’s annual conference turned out to be
successful.
上周举行的俱乐部年会很成功。
addicted to their smartphones　
to be published　
looking up at the risen sun　
held last week　
8. We planned to have our picnic in the forest .
我们计划在森林里一棵倒下的树旁边进行野餐。
9. With the help of the firemen，they were able
.
在消防员的帮助下，他们得以从燃烧的房子中逃出。
10. I am writing to ask you to help us with our English short
play .
我写信请求您就我们的英语短剧给予我们帮助，该短剧改编自我
们的英语课文。
next to a fallen tree　
to escape from the
burning house　
adapted from our English text　
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　In the modern workplace， the 1. （adopt） principles
of games are now playing an important role in successfully building teams
of problem solvers.
　　HackerRank is a company 2. （hire） to set a series of
programming challenges and competitions for promising employees.
adopted　
hired　
　　“What we do is give people the opportunity to connect with any
company on the planet by offering a set of challenges that apply the skills
3. （require） for a job there，” says Vivek Ravisankar，
HackerRank’s co-founder.“Some companies have introduced computer
games into the hiring process in order to test interviewees’ skills.It’s
only a matter of time before this becomes a widely 4.
（accept） way of thinking.”
required　
accepted　
　　These principles are now being introduced to schools， too.While
there has been much criticism of the time 5. （spend） in front
of screens， many experts believe that some games of 6.
（advance） technology can help young people unlock their creative
characters， and give them more practicable life lessons for the future than
traditional subjects.
spent　
advanced　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　When you buy something for yourself， you probably spend hours
shopping around for the best deal on the highest quality product.Some of
you may even desire to know how a brand operates as a
company.However， when we donate money to one of the countless
charities out there， most of us don’t conduct such research.We have
absolutely no idea about where that money goes to， what it buys or who it
helps.At least that is the case for the majority of charities.Perhaps you
should start to take a greater interest in the winding path that your
charitable donations take， because many of them may lead to dead ends.
　　You really should ask the question： Will my donation to this charity
actually help the people or cause？ Sometimes it makes matters worse.For
example， many charities help African people install water pumps to
deliver clean water to their communities.Money has been invested over
the past 20 years to install a total of 60，000 pumps across sub-Saharan
Africa.However， today 40％ of those have failed to work at some
point.They have been left there， like expensive but useless decorations.
　　One of the least effective means of giving is when charity sends
endless shipping containers full of material goods to underdeveloped
nations.For instance， Kenya imports more than 100，000 tons of clothes
from global charities each year.The issue is that these mountains of
regularly imported clothes have completely destroyed local textile
industries， which have previously supported local economies.
　　Ultimately， to whom and how much you give is your choice.It is
important to provide highly specialized services instead of material
goods.As a general rule of thumb， the more your donation matches the
need of the receivers， the better it will be for the long-term prosperity of
those you want to help.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切
实符合被捐赠者的需要，这才算是真正有帮助的捐助。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切
实符合被捐赠者的需要，这才算是真正有帮助的捐助。
1. What do most people do when they donate？（　　）
A. They keep track of their donations.
B. They neglect the process of charities.
C. They select products of highest quality.
D. They do research on application of funds.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的We have absolutely no idea
about ...or who it helps.可知，许多人捐款的时候并没有研究捐的
钱去了哪里，买了什么，帮了谁，即忽视了慈善的过程。
2. Why is the example of water pumps mentioned in Paragraph 2？
（　　）
A. To stress effective giving.
B. To illustrate a fault investment.
C. To confirm a charitable failure.
D. To complain the pumps’ quality.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Sometimes it makes matters
worse.及后面慈善机构帮助非洲人安装水泵的例子可知，作者是用
这个例子来证实有些慈善捐款的失败结果。
3. Which view will the author most probably agree with？（　　）
A. Donations should meet local demands.
B. Ineffective charities must be abandoned.
C. Material goods can boost textile industries.
D. Specialized services turn out satisfactory.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的As a general rule of
thumb ... the long-term prosperity of those you want to help.可知，
在作者看来，捐款应该满足接受者的需求。
4. Which is the best title for the passage？（　　）
A. Has Your Donation Hit a Dead End？
B. Why Should You Make a Donation？
C. Where Does My Donation Take Its Way？
D. Will My Donation to Charity Really Help？
解析： 　标题归纳题。文章主要讨论的是慈善捐助应该切实符合
被捐赠者的需要才算是真正有帮助的捐助。因此D项（我的捐款真
的有用吗？）为本文最佳标题。
B
　　Erin Alexander， who was suffering from the loss of her relative，
was having a hard day. However， her day took an unexpected turn when
she picked up her order and noticed a message on the cup：
“Madam，” the waitress had written next to a heart， “your heart is
golden.” The small and unexpected act moved her deeply， brightening
the rest of her day.
　　New research confirms the great influence of experiences like Ms
Alexander’s. Researchers found people who perform an unplanned act of
kindness tend to undervalue how much the receiver will appreciate it. This
could hold many of us back from doing nice things for others more often.
　　In a recent experiment， 84 participants （参与者） were given a
hot chocolate on two cold weekends at a park and were told they could
keep it or give it to a stranger. The 75 participants who gave away their
drink were asked to guess how “big” their kind act would feel to the
receiver on a scale （等级） from 0 to 10， and how the receiver would
rate their feelings upon receiving it. The receivers were then asked to
report how they actually felt using the same scale.
　　It turned out that the people doing the kind thing always undervalued
the importance of their actions. While they thought they were offering
something small， the receivers considered it more meaningful because
someone had done something nice for them.
　　Despite longing for kindness， many people feel awkward at the
thought of being kind. The “little inner voice” often leads them to
question whether their behavior might be misunderstood or whether it will
make the receiver feel pressured to pay it back.
　　But an act of kindness is unlikely to have unintended results； it can
lead to even more kindness. If you are not already in the habit of
performing unplanned kind acts， start by thinking about what you are
interested in and how you can turn that into an offering for others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，随机做善事的人往
往会低估受助者的感激程度，这种误判可能会阻碍许多人做好事，
研究人员希望研究结果可以鼓舞更多人做好事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。研究人员发现，随机做善事的人往
往会低估受助者的感激程度，这种误判可能会阻碍许多人做好事，
研究人员希望研究结果可以鼓舞更多人做好事。
5. How did Erin Alexander feel after reading the message？（　　）
A. Calm. B. Puzzled.
C. Warmed. D. Anxious.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Erin Alexander
看完这条留言后感到很温暖。
6. What is Paragraph 3 mainly about？（　　）
A. The rule of the experiment.
B. The process of the experiment.
C. The purpose of the experiment.
D. The result of the experiment.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要描述整个
实验的过程。
7. What may prevent people performing kindness according to the text？
（　　）
A. A mix of fears.
B. Coldness from others.
C. High expectations of others.
D. Voices from the public.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第五段第二句可知，多种担忧和害怕
可能会阻止人们行善。
8. What does the author suggest readers do？（　　）
A. Think twice before helping.
B. Value kindness from others.
C. Find ways to change habits.
D. Take action to offer kindness.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者建议读者采
取行动来表达善意。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　It was Jennifer Williams’ mother who got her interested in books.A
librarian， she 　9　 to her three children every day.When Williams，
now 54， became an elementary school teacher in Danville， Virginia，
she wanted her students to 　10　 with reading just as she had.
　　But early on， she realized that some kids had limited 　11　 to
books.To Williams， the 　12　 was simple： Give kids books.In
2017， as part of a civic event called Engage Danville， she 　13　 900
used children’s books over three days， and people were 　14　 with
that.“I was like， ‘Anybody could do that’，” she told
， a local news site.“I wanted to do something that’s
going to 　15　 my faith， my work ethic， my everything.” So she
raised the number considerably by setting a new goal for herself： Give
away one million books.It sounds like an 　16　 number. 　
17　， she got to work， first by persuading friends to give away books
or money to buy books.Before long， as 　18　 of Williams’s project
spread， strangers started leaving bundles of books on her front porch
（门廊）.As quickly as the books come in， Williams gives them to local
schools — free of 　19　 — and also 　20　 books to little free libraries
around the city of 41，000 just over the North Carolina border.She
also 　21　 a book club for those in the local prison.In the four years
she’s been doing all this， the Book Lady， as Williams has come to be
known， has given away more than 78，000 books — only 922，000
more to reach her 　22　！
　　And she’s not slowing down.Giving books away is too 　23　 for
kids with few options.“Reading can take you anywhere，” she told
CNN. “You can travel in time and space.If you can read， you can learn
almost anything.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jennifer Williams捐赠图
书的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Jennifer Williams捐赠图
书的故事。
9. A. showed B. responded
C. performed D. read
解析： 　根据上文It was Jennifer Williams’ mother who got her
interested in books.可知，此处表示她每天给她的三个孩子读书。
10. A. fall in love B. come up
C. catch up D. get along
解析： 　根据空后just as she had可知，此处指她想让她的学生像
她一样爱上读书。
11. A. ability B. accuracy
C. access D. account
解析： 　根据下文To Williams， the 　12　 was simple： Give
kids books.可知，此处指一些学生的阅读机会很有限，即接触书
籍的机会有限。
12. A. key B. deal C. promise D. solution
解析： 　上文指出她意识到了学生没有书读的问题，因而想到
了给孩子们书这个方法来解决问题。
13. A. covered B. bought
C. donated D. delivered
解析： 　根据下文So she raised the number considerably by setting
a new goal for herself： Give away one million books.可知，此处表
示捐赠。
14. A. strict B. satisfied
C. familiar D. honest
解析： 　她在三天内捐赠了900本书，故大部分人都会对此感到
满意。
15. A. ensure B. continue
C. balance D. challenge
解析： 　根据上文可知，她喜欢读书，并想要学生们也爱上读
书，所以捐赠了大量图书，故此处指她想要做一些能延伸信仰的
事情。
16. A. unreachable B. unbearable
C. unlucky D. undefined
解析： 　根据上文one million可知，这个数字太庞大，听起来遥
不可及，像是无法达到的。
17. A. Moreover B. Thus
C. However D. Otherwise
解析： 　根据上下文可知，虽然数目很大，但是她还是开始行
动起来，因此此处表示转折。
18. A. information B. disease
C. rumor D. news
解析： 　根据本句中的spread可知，此处表示消息传播开了。
19. A. tax B. charge
C. damage D. interest
解析： 　根据上文give away可知，她要无偿捐赠图书，故此处
指免费送给当地的学校。短语free of charge表示“免费”。
20. A. attaches B. accompanies
C. supplies D. introduces
解析： 　根据空后books to little free libraries可知，此处指给那些
小型图书馆提供书籍。
21. A. sets up B. puts away
C. takes up D. gives away
解析： 　根据本句中的a book club可知，Williams给当地监狱的
犯人建立了图书俱乐部。
22. A. judgement B. conclusion
C. level D. target
解析： 她已捐赠78，000多本书，她的捐书量还差922，000才
能达到她定的100万本的目标。
23. A. usual B. important
C. interesting D. amazing
解析： 　根据下一句可知，阅读有很多好处，对于没有太多选
择的孩子来说，这项活动非常重要。
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　Deeply 24. 　　　　　　 （affect） by her mother’s death， Lin
Qiaozhi chose to study medicine instead of following the path of
25. 　　　　　　 （marry） like the majority of girls.Her brother
complained 26. 　　　　　　 the high tuition fees.She responded，
“I’d rather stay single to study all my life！”
　　After graduating with the Wenhai Scholarship， Lin became
27. 　　　　　　 first woman ever to be hired as a resident
physician.When studying abroad， she 28. 　　　　　　 （reject） the
offer from her American colleagues.She wanted 29. 　　　　　　
（serve） the women and children at home.
　　When the department 30. 　　　　　　 she worked was closed
because of the war， she opened a private clinic and charged very low
fees.
　　She held many important 31. 　　　　　　
（position）.However， she was more interested in tending patients，
publishing medical research， and training new doctors.
　　Having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime， she
32. 　　　　　　 （know） as the “mother of ten thousand
babies”.Dr Lin did not retire until the day when she died，
33. 　　　　　　 （leave） her savings to a kindergarten and a fund for
new doctors.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名儿童医生林巧稚的
生平经历以及对医学作出的贡献。
24. affected　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句中chose为谓
语，设空处应使用非谓语动词。affect与Lin Qiaozhi之间是逻辑上的动
宾关系，故使用过去分词形式。故填affected。
25. marriage　考查词形转换。设空处作宾语，应使用名词。此处泛
指抽象意义的婚姻，为不可数名词。故填marriage。
26. about　考查介词。complain about sth抱怨某事。故填about。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了著名儿童医生林巧稚的
生平经历以及对医学作出的贡献。
27. the　考查冠词。表示特指“历史上第一位被聘为住院医生的女
性”，应用定冠词。故填the。
28. rejected　考查动词的时态。设空处作谓语，此处表示过去的事
实，应用一般过去时。故填rejected。
29. to serve　考查非谓语动词。want to do sth想要做某事。故填to
serve。
30. where　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
department，且从句中缺少地点状语。故填where。
31. positions　考查名词的单复数。设空处作宾语。position意为“职
务”，由many可知，应用复数。故填positions。
32. was known　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处作谓语，
know与she之间是动宾关系，同时句子表述过去的事实，应使用一般
过去时的被动语态，且主语为she，故填was known。
33. leaving　考查非谓语动词。句中retire为谓语，设空处应使用非谓
语动词，动词leave和逻辑主语she之间是主谓关系，应使用动词-ing形
式作状语。故填leaving。(共95张PPT)
单元质量检测（二）　
Making a difference
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What happened to the man？（　　）
A. He was locked out.
B. He missed the train.
C. He lost his keys.
2. Where are the speakers？（　　）
A. At a gym.
B. At a restaurant.
C. At a cinema.
3. What does the woman dislike about her trip？（　　）
A. The weather.
B. The traffic.
C. The scenery.
4. When will the conference begin？（　　）
A. At 7：30. B. At 8：30. C. At 9：00.
5. What are the speakers talking about？（　　）
A. A job position.
B. A fellow worker.
C. A new office.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. How long does it take to get to Washington by train？（　　）
A. An hour.
B. One and a half hours.
C. Two hours.
7. How much is the ticket to Washington？（　　）
A. $30. B. $40. C. $45.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What seems to be the man’s problem？（　　）
A. He doesn’t sleep well.
B. He has no more pills.
C. He can’t focus properly.
9. What is the man advised to do？（　　）
A. Stay home from work.
B. Have a check-up.
C. Stop feeling anxious.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. Who reached the top of Mount Qomolangma？（　　）
A. Ellen. B. Jonathan. C. Heather.
11. How long did the man spend on his adventure travel？（　　）
A. 96 days. B. Four months. C. One year.
12. What does the woman think about doing in the future？（　　）
A. Walking through a national park.
B. Cycling along a country road.
C. Camping out in the mountains.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What is Julian doing？（　　）
A. Planning her budget.
B. Conducting an interview.
C. Giving advice on studies.
14. Which costs Matt most each month？（　　）
A. Food. B. Clothes. C. Books.
15. How much does Matt spend on sports a month？（　　）
A. About 15.
B. About 30.
C. About 50.
16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers？（　　）
A. Strangers.
B. Schoolmates.
C. Co-workers.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What was the previous world basketball marathon record？（　　）
A. 84 hours. B. 90 hours. C. 96 hours.
18. When did those players begin their basketball marathon？（　　）
A. 9：00 in the morning.
B. 2：00 in the afternoon.
C. 6：00 in the evening.
19. What happened to those players on the first night？（　　）
A. They had mental illness.
B. They could hardly fall asleep.
C. They suffered from much pain.
20. How did those players look in the last few minutes？（　　）
A. Energetic. B. Upset. C. Tired.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Know what？ I couldn’t get back into my apartment， and had to
stay at a hotel last night.
W：How did that happen？ Did you lose your keys？
M：No， I left them in the apartment. And my wife was on a business
trip.
（Text 2）
M：Wow， so many choices， and so many people. So， what kind of
film do you want to see？
W：It’s up to you. But nothing too violent， please.
（Text 3）
M：How was your trip to London？
W：It was fantastic. I visited a lot of places： museums and royal
palaces. And the weather was fine. Horrible traffic， though.
（Text 4）
W：How much time do we have before the conference？ We don’t have
to hurry， do we？
M：Don’t worry. It’s 7：30 now. We still have an hour and a half. It
takes only thirty minutes to get there.
（Text 5）
M：Hey！ Did you see Ann in the office this morning？
W：Yes， but why did she have such a long face？
M：I’m not sure. I heard she failed to get promoted.
（Text 6）
W：What time is the next train to Washington？
M：That’s 9：15 on track 14.
W：When does it get there？
M：It’s scheduled to arrive at 10：45.
W：How much is the ticket for it？
M：It’s $30.
（Text 7）
M：What about the problems I’ve been having？
W：Not serious. Take some medicine and you will get a better night’s
sleep.
M：Thank you. How should I take the medicine？
W：Take one pill about thirty minutes before you go to bed.
M：How long should I take them？
W：Thirty days.
M：Is there anything else I can do？
W：Don’t worry so much about things at work.
M：Should I stay home from work？
W：No， it’s not necessary. Just remember to stay calm.
（Text 8）
M：Hey， Heather！ Can I sit here？
W：Yeah， sure， Jonathan. How’s your day？
M：Good. Say， are you planning your summer travels？
W：Well ... not yet. I was just reading a story about this woman， Ellen
Wilson， who climbed up Mount Qomolangma.
M：Yeah， I read that， too. A rather extraordinary experience， isn’t
it？ 96 days. She is actually a graduate of our college， the class of 2012.
W：Oh， really？ So， Jonathan， what amazing thing have you done？
M：Well ... I just went cycling across South America.
W：You didn’t！
M：I did. Just last year before I entered the graduate school. It was such a
brilliant time. Four months on the road enjoying wonderful scenery in the
country， in towns and in cities all along the way. I got a bit tired，
though.
W：Sounds great！ Hmm ... maybe I should think seriously about my
big life adventure， like taking a long walk across a national park.
M：Wow！ Let me know if you need someone to go with you.
（Text 9）
W：Hi， Matt！ May I ask you a few questions？
M：Certainly， Julian！ What do you want to know？
W：I’m doing a study on the spending habits of students in our school.
I’m writing a paper for my Social Studies course.
M：That sounds interesting.
W：To begin with， how much money do you get from your parents a
month？
M：I get about 500 dollars.
W：How do you spend your money？
M：I spend about 300 dollars on food. You know how I like to eat.
W：Yes. What about the rest of the money？
M：Well， I spend on shows， about 30 dollars a month. Games，
er ... for rental of the tennis court and balls， about 50 dollars. I do
spend some on things like reading material. And the rest I save.
W：What about clothes？
M：My mother buys them for me.
W：Thanks a lot， Matt！
M：You’re welcome.
（Text 10）
W：A group of 17-year-old schoolboys decided to break the world
basketball marathon record. They wanted to play for 90 hours and add 6
hours to the record. Each team had 9 players， with 5 at a time. The boys
decided each person would play 21.5 hours and then rest for 2 hours.
Then they started at 6 o’clock in the evening.
The first night was very hard for the players. When it was their turn to
rest， they were too excited to fall asleep at once. After sleeping for a
short time， they had to play again. On the second night， they fell asleep
as soon as they stopped. Some of them had trouble with their feet and
hands， but the only serious problem was the mental one. Each boy was
thinking： Why am I doing this？ How can I play any longer？ After the
third night， the players knew they could finish the 90 hours. The
basketball on the fourth night was very slow. But in the final hours， the
players got better. For the last few minutes， the players looked as fresh
as when they started.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
　　There are plenty of things that students can do to enrich their lives.
Perhaps the most valuable is volunteering. Below you can find a list of
projects you can join.
　　The Volunteer Project in Sri Lanka
　　Duration （持续时间）： 1 week
　　Price： ￡891
　　Age： 16＋
　　Details： Live in a village near a national park in Sri Lanka；
　　Observe wild elephants in their natural habitat；
　　Meet people from around the world.
　　The Volunteer Project in Greece
　　Duration： 2 weeks
　　Price： ￡619
　　Age： 18＋
　　Details： Help to protect endangered sea turtle populations in
Greece；
　　Learn sea turtle monitoring techniques （监视技术）；
　　Explore the lovely beaches during your free time.
　　The Volunteer Project in Portugal
　　Duration： 2 weeks
　　Price： ￡459
　　Age： 18＋
　　Details： Help to support wolf protection and learn about the
endangered Iberian wolf；
　　Work alongside a team of professionals and meet new people；
　　Explore Portugal’s amazing tourist and cultural sights during your
free time.
　　The Volunteer Project in Iceland
　　Duration： 2 weeks
　　Price： ￡575
　　Age： 18－60 years
　　Details： Help to reforest some areas so the trees can help to clean the
air；
　　Live and work in the wonderful southern part of Iceland；
　　Take part in the recovery of Iceland’s ecology （生态）.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了可以丰富学生生活的一
些最有价值的志愿服务。
21. Which of the four projects has the shortest duration？（　　）
A. The Volunteer Project in Sri Lanka.
B. The Volunteer Project in Greece.
C. The Volunteer Project in Portugal.
D. The Volunteer Project in Iceland.
解析： 　细节理解题。比较四个项目的持续时间可知，The
Volunteer Project in Sri Lanka志愿服务期限最短。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了可以丰富学生生活的一
些最有价值的志愿服务。
22. How much does it cost to join The Volunteer Project in Portugal？
（　　）
A. ￡891. B. ￡619.
C. ￡459. D. ￡575.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据The Volunteer Project in Portugal中
的Price： ￡459可知，在葡萄牙参加志愿者项目需要459英镑。
23. What can volunteers do in Iceland？（　　）
A. Reintroduce Iberian wolves into the wild.
B. Master sea turtle monitoring techniques.
C. Watch wild elephants.
D. Help to plant trees.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据The Volunteer Project in Iceland中
的Help to reforest some areas so the trees can help to clean the air可
知，志愿者在冰岛能帮助种树。
B
　　When I was 12 years old， I already knew that my teen years were
going to be the worst years of my life.I was a total outsider， bullied （欺
凌） at school.I felt completely alone in my small town.
　　But by starting to do volunteer work when I was 14， I turned my
problem into a passion for helping others.The opportunity to practice
kindness made me feel like my life had a greater purpose.The more
positive energy I shared， the more kindness and appreciation I received.I
realised that my purpose in life would be to reach out to people，
specifically teenagers， and help them feel less alone.
　　Books were my true friends back then.I was so thankful that the
authors wrote those books.The kindness they offered me with their books
saved my life.One of my biggest dreams was to become an author so I
could write books that would help other teenagers the way those books
helped me.
　　After surviving terrible experiences at school and at home， I made a
choice to take the optimistic， positive road in the next steps of my
journey.My dream career， one I thought was only possible for the
authors I loved， is what I am doing now.I have been a full-time author of
teen novels since 2007 and am grateful for this amazing opportunity to
reach out to readers every single day.
　　Kindness saved me when I needed help the most.Even small acts of
kindness can change someone’s life.You never know what someone else
is going through.But by practicing daily kindness， you become an
architect of positive change.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在青少年时期过得很不快
乐，但是在14岁开始做志愿者工作时，通过帮助别人，让自己找到
了生活的意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者在青少年时期过得很不快
乐，但是在14岁开始做志愿者工作时，通过帮助别人，让自己找到
了生活的意义。
24. What was the author’s life like when he was 12？（　　）
A. Boring. B. Peaceful.
C. Unhappy. D. Meaningful.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，作者12岁时的生
活是不快乐的。
25. How did the volunteer work benefit the author？（　　）
A. It made him popular in his town.
B. It helped him find the meaning of life.
C. It helped him understand others’ lives better.
D. It helped to shape his dream career.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，志愿者工作帮
助作者找到了生活的意义。
26. Why did the author choose writing as his job？（　　）
A. He was inspired by his teacher.
B. He could pass positive energy to readers.
C. He wanted to share his school experiences.
D. He found he had a talent for writing.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的One of my biggest dreams
was to become an author so I could write books that would help other
teenagers the way those books helped me.可知，通过写作作者能把
正能量传递给读者。
27. What does the author suggest readers do in the last paragraph？
（　　）
A. Say “no” to bullies bravely.
B. Make positive changes in their lives.
C. Treat others with kindness in daily life.
D. Learn to care more about others’ feelings.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的But by practicing daily
kindness， you become an architect of positive change.可知，在最
后一段作者建议读者在日常生活中善待他人。
C
　　In 1970， psychologist Walter Mischel famously placed a cookie in
front of each of a group of children and gave them a choice： they could
eat the cookie immediately， or they could wait until he returned and then
be rewarded with a second.If they didn’t wait， however， they’d be
allowed to eat only the first one.Not surprisingly， once he left the
room， many children ate their cookies almost immediately.A few，
though， resisted eating the first cookie long enough to receive the
second.Mischel termed these children high-delay children.
　　Interestingly， the children who were best able to delay gratification
（满足） later did better in school and had fewer behavioural problems
than the children who could only resist eating the cookie for a few
minutes — and， further， ended up on average with SAT scores that
were 210 points higher.As adults， the high-delay children completed
college at higher rates than the other children and then went on to earn
higher incomes.In contrast， the children who had the most trouble
delaying gratification had higher rates of incarceration （监禁） as adults
and were more likely to struggle with drug and alcohol addiction.
　　All suggests that the ability to delay gratification — that is， desire
control — may be one of the most important skills to learn to have a
satisfying and successful life.The question is： how do we learn it？
　　The answer may lie in the strategies Mischel’s high-delay children
used.Rather than resist the urge to eat the cookie， these children
distracted （转移） themselves from the urge itself.They played with toys
in the room， sang songs to themselves， and looked everywhere but at
the cookie.In short， they did everything they could to put the cookie out
of their minds.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实
验，提出了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对孩子的个人成长有很
大的借鉴意义。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。心理学家Walter Mischel通过一项实
验，提出了著名的延迟满足理论。这一理论对孩子的个人成长有很
大的借鉴意义。
28. What should the children do to get a second cookie？（　　）
A. They should leave later.
B. They should wait longer.
C. They should arrive earlier.
D. They should study harder.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段可知，若想得到第二块饼
干，这些孩子需要做的是等待外出的Walter Mischel回来。
29. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. How to be high-delay children.
B. How high-delay children succeed.
C. The problems with low-delay children.
D. The advantages of high-delay children.
解析： 段落大意题。根据第二段可知，那些擅长延迟满足的
孩子长大后学习成绩更好，有较少的行为问题，同时也挣钱更
多；同时也附带说明那些不擅长延迟满足的孩子长大后出问题的
概率更高。
30. Why did Walter Mischel give each of the children a cookie？
（　　）
A. To educate them.
B. To do a research.
C. To entertain them.
D. To conduct a survey.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一、二段可知，Walter Mischel在
实验中先给每个孩子一块饼干，后来又对这些孩子进行了跟踪研
究，观察他们长大后的表现。由此可推知，Walter Mischel给每个
孩子一块饼干是为了做研究。
31. What should we do to delay gratification according to the author？
（　　）
A. Set another new goal.
B. Try to control the desire.
C. Give up what you want completely.
D. Forget what attracts you temporarily.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段可知，作者指出，掌握延
迟满足能力的关键在于向Walter Mischel实验中那些擅长延迟满足
的孩子学习——不是抵制欲望，而是转移注意力。
D
　　A study by researchers at Nanyang Technological University，
Singapore （NTU Singapore） has shown that the use of cool paint
coatings in cities can help people feel up to 1.5 degrees Celsius cooler，
making the urban area more comfortable for work and play.
　　Cool paint coatings contain additives that reflect the sun’s heat to
reduce surface heat. They have been used as one way to cool down the city
area and mitigate the Urban Heat Island effect， a phenomenon in which
urban areas experience warmer temperatures than their outlying
surroundings.
　　To date， most studies of cool paint coatings have been tested in
some models， and understanding of its application in real-life context is
limited.
　　Now， NTU researchers have conducted a first of its kind practical
study. The team coated the roofs， walls， and roads in Singapore and
found that by comparison with an uncoated area， the coated environment
was up to two degrees Celsius cooler in the afternoon， with people heat
comfort level improving by up to 1.5 degrees Celsius.
　　Lead author Dr Kumar Donthu， who completed the work as a
research fellow at Energy Research Institute， said， “Our study
provides evidence that cool paint coatings reduce heat build-up and cool
the urban environment. This is a small solution for cooling that has an
immediate effect， compared to other choices. Moreover， by reducing
the amount of heat absorbed in buildings， we also reduce indoor air-
conditioning energy consumption （消耗）. Findings from the study are
not just for cities in Singapore where it is hot all year round， but for other
urban areas around the world too.”
　　The study， published in Sustainable Cities and Society in March，
supports the NTU 2025 strategic plan， which seeks to deal with
human’s great challenges on sustainability （持续性） and speed up
research discoveries that reduce human impact on the environment.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了使用冷漆涂料来给
城市降温的方法，介绍了其优点以及应用情况。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了使用冷漆涂料来给
城市降温的方法，介绍了其优点以及应用情况。
32. What does the underlined word “mitigate” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Reduce. B. Form.
C. Avoid. D. Explain.
解析： 　词义猜测题。下文a phenomenon ...outlying
surroundings是对the Urban Heat Island effect的解释，结合画线词前
的one way to cool down the city area可知，这种涂料可以减少城市
热岛效应。故画线词意思是“减少”，与reduce意思相近。
33. What do NTU researchers focus on at present？（　　）
A. Coating experiments in laboratories.
B. Changes of temperature comfort level.
C. Real-world testing of cool paint coatings.
D. Coating materials in various environments.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段第一句可知，南洋理工大学
目前的研究重点是冷漆涂料的实际测试。
34. What can be inferred about the use of cool paint coatings according to
Dr Kumar Donthu？（　　）
A. It’s simple but workable.
B. It’s effective but short-sighted.
C. It’s wide-ranging but demanding.
D. It’s environmentally friendly but expensive.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的This is a small
solution for cooling that has an immediate effect， compared to other
choices.可知，根据Kumar Donthu博士的说法，关于冷漆涂料的使
用很简单，但可行。
35. What can be a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. NTU Study： Urban Heat Island Effect
B. Cooling Cities： NTU’s Paint Solution
C. Big Challenge： Urban Heat Reduction
D. Cool Paint： The Key to Urban Comfort
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要说明了使用冷
漆涂料来给城市降温的方法，介绍了其优点以及应用情况。因
此，B项最适合作文章标题。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Everyone knows you can save money on books by checking them out
at the library instead of buying them.36.（　　） Here are four
surprising ways the library can help you save money.
　　·Reserve free tickets to local attractions. In the libraries of some
places， you can get free or discounted tickets to local attractions in the
city or town. The Nashville Public Library， for example， offers free
passes to the Cheekwood Estate and Gardens.37.（　　）
　　·Get free help with homework. Your library card may offer you free
online help from expert tutors （导师）， who offer live one-on-one
homework help for students. It’s a sweet deal.38.（　　） If you need
to research something， they can identify relevant （紧密相关的） books
or order them from other branches for you.
　　·Take free fitness and hobby classes.39.（　　） Queens Public
Library in New York offers workout classes ranging from yoga to tai chi，
saving potentially hundreds of dollars in monthly class fees at a fitness
studio. Libraries can also help you find a new hobby. You can join a
knitting club， learn photography or take a class with a naturalist.
　　·40.（　　） In addition to entertainment， many libraries offer
programs to support the community. People who need help finding a job
can take computer courses and get assistance with applications and
interviews. Some people can take English as a Second Language （ESL）
classes and some other classes to prepare themselves for their citizenship
exam.
A. Use free social services.
B. Attend free concerts and performances.
C. Librarians can help with school projects too.
D. So have you learned how to check books out in different libraries？
E. But do you know that libraries can help you save on other things too？
F. Some libraries often offer free classes you’d pay money for
elsewhere.
G. And library card holders in California can gain free entry to some state
parks.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了图书馆可以提供的
一些免费活动。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了图书馆可以提供的
一些免费活动。
36. E　根据下文Here are four surprising ways the library can help you
save money.可知，空处应为设问句， E项（但是你知道图书馆也可以
帮你节省其他东西吗？）符合语境。
37. G　根据上文可知，在一些地方的图书馆，你可以获得市里或镇
里一些当地景点的免费或打折票，接着举例子。G项（在加州，持有
图书证可以免费进入一些州立公园）符合语境。
38. C　根据空后一句可知，如果你需要研究什么，他们会找到相关
书籍或者为你从其他分店订购。C项（图书管理员也可以帮助学校的
项目）符合语境。C项中的Librarians与空后一句中的they指代一致。
39. F　根据空前一句可知，图书馆提供免费的课程。F项（一些图书
馆经常免费提供你在其他地方要花钱购买的课程）符合语境。
40. A　根据空后一句可知，除了娱乐，许多图书馆提供支持社区的
项目。A项（利用免费的社会服务）可作本段主旨句。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
　　Our son， Andrew， was always very active and loved playing
sports.When he turned 10， I noticed he couldn’t run like he 　41　.I
took him to the doctor but she could not find anything physically 　42　.
　　Since then， we began a seven-year 　43　 for answers.We saw 13
different doctors， but were still left without 　44　.At the same time，
Andrew’s situation was getting 　45　.He had to 　46　 the idea of
ever playing sports again.Attending high school was even a 　47　 for
him.
　　One day， we were referred to Dr Delgado， a neurologist （神经学
家）， who gave Andrew a few different tests.
　　A week later， we 　48　 waited in the exam room， praying for an
answer.Dr Delgado walked in and said he 　49　 what was going on with
Andrew — I could hardly 　50　 those words！ Andrew had a rare
neurological disorder that could be easily 　51　.Andrew took his first
pill that Friday and within 24 hours he was able to stand， walk and run
like he had been able to eight years ago.He went to 　52　 the next
Monday — no one could believe the miraculous （不可思议的） 　53　
in Andrew！
　　Because of everything Dr Delgado did for Andrew， I began
volunteering in his clinic.I like to share Andrew’s 　54　 with the
patients， telling them they are in an 　55　 place and are seeing the best
doctor in the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子10岁时不能像以前那样
奔跑了，医生又找不到病因。辗转七年后，作者终于遇到一名将儿
子治愈的医生。为了表示感谢，她成了那家诊所的志愿者。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者的儿子10岁时不能像以前那样
奔跑了，医生又找不到病因。辗转七年后，作者终于遇到一名将儿
子治愈的医生。为了表示感谢，她成了那家诊所的志愿者。
41. A. used to B. seemed to
C. had to D. happened to
解析： 　根据上文Our son， Andrew， was always very active and
loved playing sports.以及下文内容可知，在安德鲁十岁的时候，
作者注意到他不能像以前那样奔跑了。
42. A. remarkable B. unique
C. normal D. wrong
解析： 　根据下文Since then， we began a seven-year 　43　 for
answers.可知，医生没有发现任何身体问题。
43. A. preparation B. search
C. test D. explanation
解析： 　根据下文We saw 13 different doctors可知，作者和家人
开始寻找儿子生病的原因。
44. A. reward B. comments
C. answers D. apology
解析： 　此处指看了13位不同的医生，依然没有找到答案。
45. A. easier B. better C. faster D. worse
解析： 　结合常识可知，因为没有找到生病的原因，没有对症
治疗，病情会加重。
46. A. put up B. take up
C. pick up D. give up
解析： 　病情加重导致安德鲁不得不放弃运动的想法。
47. A. failure B. puzzle
C. struggle D. danger
解析： 　根据本句even可知，此处语气加强，表示上高中对安
德鲁来说甚至是一种折磨。
48. A. carefully B. nervously
C. happily D. sadly
解析： 　根据下文praying for an answer可推知，作者和家人等待
检查结果时非常紧张。
49. A. knew B. wondered
C. guessed D. heard
解析： 　根据下文Andrew had a rare neurological disorder可知，
医生知道了安德鲁生病的原因。
50. A. imagine B. realize
C. believe D. admit
解析： 　经历多次失望，当德尔加多医生告诉作者他知道安德
鲁生病的原因时，作者一时不敢相信。
51. A. treated B. prevented
C. caught D. detected
解析： 　根据下文Andrew took his first pill that Friday and within
24 hours he was able to stand可推知，安德鲁的病其实很好治疗。
52. A. hospital B. school
C. community D. station
解析： 　根据上文可知，治疗后安德鲁恢复得很好，第二周周
一就返回学校学习了。
53. A. identity B. energy
C. change D. solution
解析： 　安德鲁从不能走路，到现在又能走路甚至奔跑，这是
一种变化。
54. A. story B. surprise
C. achievements D. adventures
解析： 　根据语境可知，作为那家诊所志愿者的作者，常常给
病人分享自己儿子生病、求医以及被治愈的故事。
55. A. amusing B. interesting
C. exciting D. amazing
解析： 　结合上文故事可知，德尔加多医生治好了作者儿子的
病，所以作者告诉病人他们正在一个很棒的地方接受最好的医生
的治疗。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
　　It was Mother’s Day morning last year.My five-year-old son，
Tenyson， and I 56. 　　　　　　 （leave） the supermarket after
shopping when an old woman fainted， fell over at the entrance and hit her
head on the ground.Her husband was with her， but the woman was
57. 　　　　　　 （serious） hurt and shaking with pain.
　　At the front of the supermarket， a charity group was selling flowers
58. 　　　　　　 （raise） funds.Tenyson suggested that we should buy
the lady a flower.“It will make 59. 　　　　　　 （she） feel
better，” he said.I was amazed that he’d come up 60. 　　　　　　
such a sweet idea.So we went to the flower seller to buy a flower for the
lady.
　　By now rescuers and physicians had arrived， and were attending the
61. 　　　　　　 （injure） woman.As we walked up to her， my son
became frightened by all the blood and medical 62. 　　　　　　
（equip）.He said he was just too scared to go up to her.
　　Instead I gave the flower to the woman’s husband
63. 　　　　　　 told him，“My son was very upset about your wife
and bought her this flower to cheer her up.”
　　The old man was moved and said， “Thank you so much.You have
a good son.Happy Mother’s Day to you.”
　　The man then gave his wife the flower， 64. 　　　　　　 （tell）
her whom it was from.65. 　　　　　　 badly hurt， the old lady looked
up at Tenyson with thanks in her eyes and gave him a little smile.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和儿子帮助一
位受重伤老太太的故事。
56. were leaving　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。此处为be doing sth
when ...结构，表示“正在做某事，这时突然……”，主语为My
five-year-old son， Tenyson， and I，谓语动词应用复数。根据文章第
一句可知，时态应用过去进行时。故填were leaving。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者和儿子帮助一
位受重伤老太太的故事。
57. seriously　考查词形转换。修饰形容词hurt应用副词作状语。故填
seriously。
58. to raise　考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语应用动词不定式。故
填to raise。
59. her　考查代词。根据上文可知，作者的儿子建议给老太太买一朵
花，这会让她开心，本句缺少宾语，应用代词的宾格，故填her。
60. with　考查介词。come up with“想出”。故填with。
61. injured　考查词形转换。修饰名词woman应用形容词，故填
injured。
62. equipment　考查词形转换。形容词 medical修饰名词，故填
equipment。
63. and　考查连词。分析句子结构可知，本句gave与told作并列谓
语。故填and。
64. telling　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，tell
与其逻辑主语The man之间为主谓关系，应用动词-ing形式。故填
telling。
65. Although/Though/While　考查状语从句。分析句子结构可知，此
处引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”。设空处位于句首，首字母要大
写。故填Although或Though或While。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　每年的3月22日是“世界水日（World Water Day）”，上周日你
校学生会组织学生在市中心开展志愿宣传活动。假定你是李华，请你
为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括：
　　1. 活动目的；
　　2. 活动内容（时间、 地点等）；
　　3. 活动反响。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按照如下格式作答。
A Volunteer Activity Celebrating World Water Day
参考范文：
A Volunteer Activity Celebrating World Water Day
　　World Water Day falls on 22 March every year. Last Sunday， some
young student volunteers， organized by the student union， took to the
streets to celebrate and advertise World Water Day.
　　Firstly， they handed out leaflets to the citizens to lecture about
World Water Day. Later， public speeches about the importance of
protecting water resources were given by some volunteers.
　　Not only did these activities aroused people’s great interest in World
Water Day， but also raised their awareness of water resources protection.
This activity turned out to be a huge success.
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　In a small Chinese village， a young girl named Mei lived with a
deep love for painting. Her artworks， filled with lively colours， caught
the beauty of her surroundings. Despite her talent， Mei often battled with
self-doubt. She wondered if her skills were truly excellent or if she was
just fortunate.
　　One day， Mei heard about a painting contest in the town called the
“Sunlit Art Challenge”. Determined to prove herself and remove the
doubts， Mei quickly signed up for it. The contest stirred a mix of
excitement and nervousness in her. Mei spent countless hours perfecting
her painting technique， pouring her heart and soul into her works.
　　For the contest， Mei painted a beautiful sunrise over the sea. The
sun just started to rise above the horizon， its bright light beginning to
shine over the ocean. The sun’s rays looked like golden light，
spreading across the water and making it shine like a giant mirror. As the
sun rose higher， it looked like a bright ball of fire， warming the sea and
making the waves shine brightly. The sky changed colours too， from a
soft blue to bright oranges， pinks and reds. It was like watching the day
begin right there on her canvas （画布）. Mei’s painting captured the
peaceful yet lively scene of the sun’s first rays touching the vast ocean，
symbolizing hope.
　　On the day of the contest， the village square was filled with
excitement. Artists from near and far displayed their works. Mei set up
her painting， feeling both proud and anxious. As the judges evaluated
Mei’s painting， her heart raced with nervousness. Since their
expressions were hard to read， Mei felt like her doubts were right， that
she wasn’t as good as she hoped.
　　When the host started to announce the winners， Mei listened with
hope and curiosity. But sadly her name wasn’t called. Disappointment
washed over her， and she forced a smile， applauding the winners. After
the contest， Mei felt disheartened. She thought her painting had failed to
impress anyone， and she lost her motivation to lift her brush. At that
time， Mr Zhang， a villager， approached Mei.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved
him. 　
　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s works renewed Mei’s
interest in painting. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Mr Zhang told Mei that Mei’s painting was excellent and moved
him. With tears in his eyes， he told her how her painting of the sunrise
had profoundly touched him. Mr Zhang explained that he had been going
through a tough time and that Mei’s painting reminded him of the beauty
and hope in the world. He described how the warm colours and the image
of the sun rising over the ocean gave him a sense of peace and comfort.
Mr Zhang’s words made Mei realize that her works had a significant
impact， reaching beyond just winning contests.
　　Mr Zhang’s recognition of Mei’s works renewed Mei’s interest
in painting. She started to see her art not just as a means to achieve
personal recognition， but as a tool for healing and bringing joy to others.
Mei began to paint with a new purpose， creating artworks that depicted
scenes of hope and beauty. Her art soon became a source of warmth and
inspiration in her community. Through her journey， Mei discovered the
true essence of her art. It was not just about creating beautiful scenes on
canvas， but about touching hearts and warming souls.(共84张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　
Writing a biography
目 录
2
演练佳作·写美文
1
细品课文·学手法
3
教材词汇·练续写
4
课时检测·提能力
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
1
Step 1　品教材范文
　　In 2015， for the first time， a Chinese scientist won the Nobel Prize
in Physiology or Medicine.She is Tu Youyou.
　　Born in Ningbo， Zhejiang Province on 30 December 1930， Tu
Youyou studied at Beijing Medical College （now Peking University
Health Science Centre） from 1951 to 1955.Since 1955， she has worked
at China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences as a tenured and chief
researcher.In 1969， she worked as the leader of a research team aiming
to discover a treatment for malaria.By 1972， she had managed to extract
qinghaosu from a Chinese herb， which is very effective in fighting
malaria.Fourteen years later， she obtained a New Drug Certificate for
qinghaosu， issued by the Ministry of Health of China.Because of her
great contribution， she was presented with the Nobel Prize at the age of
85.In 2019， she was also nominated for “The Greatest Person of the
20th Century”.
Not only has she saved many people suffering from malaria， but
also she has proved the effectiveness of Chinese herbs.Furthermore， she
is admired because she devotes most of her time and energy to medical
research.
Step 2　析写作手法
学语言：
1. 使用了时间状语for the first time，强调了获得此奖项的重要性。
2. 使用了过去分词短语Born in Ningbo ...1930作状语，语言简洁，语
义表达明确。
3. 用“Since＋过去时间点（主句使用现在完成时）”进一步说明了
屠呦呦的奉献精神。
4. 使用现在分词短语aiming to ...for malaria作后置定语，明确指出该
研究团队的目标。
5. 用“By＋过去时间点（主句使用过去完成时）”说明了所取得
的成绩，同时用which引导的非限制性定语从句说明了青蒿素的
疗效。
6. 使用了部分倒装句Not only has she ... from malaria，使句式富有变
化，突出屠呦呦所做出的贡献。
学结构：
Introduction：name of the person and his/her biggest
achievement→Main body：major events （in time order）→Your
opinion on his/her contribution
Step 3　背出彩佳句
一、开门见山，介绍人物的一些个人信息
1. Known as a famous medical scientist in the Ming Dynasty， Li Shizhen
was born in 1518.
李时珍生于1518年，是明代一位著名的医学家。
2. Having a gift for writing， he made up his mind to become a writer
when he grew up.
他有写作的天赋，并决心长大后成为一名作家。
二、个人的成长经历以及取得的成就
1. Li Shizhen wrote a book called Ben Cao Gang Mu， which is a
collection of Chinese herbs including over 2，000 Chinese herbs with
millions of characters.
李时珍著有《本草纲目》一书，这是一本中草药的集锦，收录了
2，000多种中草药，有数百万字。
2. In order to finish the task， he visited mountains， called on ordinary
people， tasted different kinds of herbs and even did experiments by
himself.
为了完成这项任务，他走访了大山，拜访了普通人，品尝各种药
草，甚至亲自做试验。
3. It took him 37 years to finish the task， and his book is considered to be
a great contribution to the development of Chinese medicine.
他花了37年才完成这一任务，他的书被认为对中医药的发展作出了
巨大贡献。
三、总结概括人物形象
1. Such is Wang Xiaoping， a simple man who has made great
achievements in the field of medicine.
这就是王小平，一个在医学领域取得巨大成就的普通人。
2. His story tells us that we should value what we have and try our best to
overcome any difficulty in life.
他的故事告诉我们，我们应该珍惜我们所拥有的，尽我们最大的努
力克服生活中的任何困难。
3. Madame Curie made great contributions to the development of
science， which paved the way for further research.
居里夫人对科学的发展作出了巨大的贡献，为进一步的研究铺平了
道路。
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
2
　　根据提示信息，写一篇莫言的人物传记。
姓名：莫言（管谟业）
出生日期：1955年2月17日
出生地：山东高密一个穷苦人家
兴趣爱好：自幼喜欢阅读、书法（calligraphy）
性格特征：开朗、幽默
教育经历：1986年毕业于解放军艺术学院（PLA Academy of Arts）；
1991年毕业于北京师范大学并获文学硕士学位 （Master of Arts）。
主要成就：2011年凭借《蛙》获中国最高文学奖——茅盾文学奖；
2012年获诺贝尔文学奖（Nobel Prize in Literature）。
评价：第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的中国作家，被誉为对中国文学作出
巨大贡献的作家之一。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁 人物传记
确定时态和人称 一般过去时和一般现在时为主；第三人称为主
布局文章架构 第一段：引入话题，总体介绍莫言；
第二段：介绍细节，叙述莫言的生平；
第三段：个人感受，莫言的主要成就及对他的评
价
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 1955年2月17日莫言出生于山东高密的一个贫困家庭。


2. 莫言原名管谟业，早年对读书和书法产生了浓厚的兴趣。


Mo Yan was born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on
17 February 1955.
Mo Yan’s original name is Guan Moye，and he showed great interest
in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
3. 此外，他不仅外向而且有很强的幽默感。


4. 1986年从解放军艺术学院毕业后，莫言继续深造，五年后，他从北
京师范大学获得了文学硕士学位。



What’s more，not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense
of humour.
After he graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan
went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing
Normal University five years later.
5. 他对文学有天赋，在2011年凭借《蛙》一书获得中国最高文学奖—
—茅盾文学奖。


With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize —
Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
6. 令所有中国人兴奋的是，在2012年他成为第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖
的中国作家，这必将为中国文学的发展作出巨大贡献。




To all Chinese people’s excitement， in 2012 he became the first
Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which
would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese
literature.
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1. 用过去分词短语作状语、whose引导非限制性定语从句改写要
点1和2。



Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February
1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great
interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
2. 用动词-ing短语作状语改写要点4。



Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan
went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing
Normal University five years later.
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
　　




　　 　Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17
February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed
great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What’s
more， not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of
humour.　
　　




　　



　　 　Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986， Mo
Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing
Normal University five years later. With a talent for literature， he won
China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book
Frog in 2011.　
　　 　To all Chinese people’s excitement，in 2012 he became the first
Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would
certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese
literature.　
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
3
动作描写 earn v.挣（钱）
donate v.捐赠，捐献
extend v.持续，延伸
break into a smile突然笑起来
hesitate v.迟疑，犹豫→hesitation n.犹豫
assistance n.帮助，援助→assist v.帮助
rise to one’s feet站起身来
obtain v.获得，得到
人物描写 insight n.顿悟，猛醒
disability n.残疾，残障
perseverance n.不屈不挠，坚持不懈
generous adj.慷慨的，大方的
情感描写 sensitive adj.敏感的，容易生气的
relief n.减轻，缓解→relieved adj.放心的，感到宽慰的
一、翻译句子
1. 保罗透过窗户喊道：“快上车！”

2. 马克毫不犹豫地跳下自行车，坐到汽车后座上。


3. 在他的帮助下，马克安全了。

Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”
Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without
hesitation.
With his assistance， Mac was safe.
4. “哦，天哪，我的朋友还在修自行车！”马克喊道。


5. 保罗很快把车开回去了。

6. 幸运的是，几分钟后，他们找到了另外两个骑自行车的人。

“Oh，my god，my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted
Mac.
Paul drove the car back quickly.
Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.
7. 马克松了一口气，对保罗说：“没有你的慷慨相助，我将成为狼的
晚餐。”


8. 听到这些，保罗笑了起来。

Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul， “Without your
generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.”
Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
二、连句成篇
　　







　　 　Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”
Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without
hesitation.With his assistance， Mac was safe.“Oh， my god， my
friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.Paul drove the car
back quickly.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two
cyclists.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul，“Without your
generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.” Hearing
this， Paul broke into a smile.　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Tom Gorzycki， 87， closed his Minnesota barbershop （理发店）
23 years ago， but he’s still cutting hair.
　　He offers free haircuts to locals on Tuesday mornings — with a
catch： they are encouraged to contribute what they can to Arm in Arm in
Africa， a Minnesota-based organization that Gorzycki and his wife，
Mary， have volunteered with for several years. The non-profit supports
poor communities in South Africa by providing food， healthcare and
educational opportunities. In the past five years， he’s been cutting hair
for free， who has raised more than 10，000 for the organization.
　　Barbering has been Gorzycki’s life for 70 years. He joined the US
Navy in 1952. While on a Navy ship， Gorzycki started watching the
barber on board do his job.“I would like to help， and through trial and
error （不断摸索）， I got pretty good at it，” said Gorzycki. He soon
became the ship’s barber.
　　In his retirement， Gorzycki and his wife focused on volunteer efforts
to fill their time. The couple visited South Africa twice with the
organization — in 2012 and 2015. “We were just so impressed with the
people， the friendliness and the acceptance，” he added. “We’re all
family now.” What surprised Gorzycki most about the South Africans he
met， he said， is that “they are the most generous with what little they
have”.
　　More than once， he witnessed people sharing their allotment （份
额） of food with others who needed it more. “They are all poor， and
yet they are willing to let go of it so somebody else can have it，”said
Gorzycki.
　　“Arm in Arm in Africa is thankful for Gorzycki’s continuous
contributions，” said Pat Dawson， director of the
organization.“Tom’s personal giving goes far beyond his barbershop
giving. Tom is just such an inspiring guy. He’s been generous and a
model of the kind of person we’d love 10，000 of in our organization.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。八十七岁的老人多年坚持提供免
费剪发服务，旨在筹集善款以帮助南非的贫苦人群。
1. Why has Gorzycki offered free haircuts during the past five years？
（　　）
A. To raise money for a charity.
B. To live up to a promise to his wife.
C. To help the poor in his local community.
D. To draw media attention to his barbershop.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。八十七岁的老人多年坚持提供免
费剪发服务，旨在筹集善款以帮助南非的贫苦人群。
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，Gorzycki免费为
他所在社区的人们剪发，并鼓励他们给慈善机构Arm in Arm in
Africa捐钱；再根据第二段最后一句可知，在过去的五年里，
Gorzycki提供免费剪发服务是为了给该慈善机构筹集善款，以帮助
南非的贫苦人群。catch在本段中作名词，意为“隐藏的困难”。
2. When did Gorzycki learn how to cut hair？（　　）
A. After he retired at the age of 64.
B. When he served in the US Navy.
C. After he met Pat Dawson for the first time.
D. When he worked for Arm in Arm in Africa.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，Gorzycki于1952年
加入美国海军，舰船上理发师的工作吸引了他，于是他主动帮忙，
后来经过不断的摸索，他也成了舰船上的理发师。由此可知，他是
在美国海军服役期间学会理发的。
3. Which aspect of South Africans impressed Gorzycki most？（　　）
A. Their family sizes.
B. Their thirst for knowledge.
C. Their willingness to share.
D. Their poor living conditions.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四、五段内容可知，让Gorzycki印
象最深刻的是，他所见到的南非人尽管很穷，却十分慷慨，只要有
人比他们更需要（食物），他们就会分享自己仅有的一点儿（食
物）。
4. What does Pat Dawson think of Gorzycki？（　　）
A. He should open more barbershops.
B. He sets a good example for others.
C. He is a creative and talented barber.
D. He should care more about himself.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，在Pat Dawson看
来，Gorzycki慷慨大方、有影响力，是其机构的模范典型。也就是
说Gorzycki为他人树立了好榜样。
B
　　Earlier this year Rodney Smith Jr. made headlines （头条） when he
drove eight hours from his home in Huntsville， Alabama， to cut the
lawn （草坪） for an elderly soldier in North Carolina who couldn’t find
anyone to help him with his yard work.
　　That wasn’t the first time the twenty-nine-year-old Bermuda native
had gained such attention. To do his good deeds （好事）， Rodney
often finds leads for those in need through social media.
　　Back to one August afternoon in 2015， Rodney Smith Jr. was
driving home. That’s when Rodney saw an elderly man struggling to
mow （修剪） his lawn. He would take a couple of shaky steps， using
the handle to secure himself， stop， then slowly push the mower （割草
机） again. Rodney decided to help. Mr Brown thanked him greatly，
and Rodney went home feeling satisfied.
　　Sitting at his computer to do his homework， Rodney couldn’t get
Mr Brown out of his mind. There must be many Mr Browns out there. He
went online and posted that he would mow lawns for free for senior
citizens. Messages flooded in.
　　One day a cancer-battling woman said she wasn’t having a good
day. Rodney decided to do more than mowing lawns. After he finished
mowing， he knocked on her door. “You’re going to win this fight，
Madam，” he said. Then he asked folks to pray for her on social media.
　　Word of Rodney’s mission spread. A grandmother in Ohio said
he’d encouraged her 12-year-old grandson to mow lawns. He got a letter
from a seven-year-old boy in Kansas. “Mr Rodney， I would like to be a
part of your program， and I’ll make you proud，” he wrote.
　　That gave Rodney an idea. In 2017， he decided to establish a
programme Raising Men Lawn Care Service to make a national movement
for young people. The kids learn the joy of giving back.
　　Yard work seems like a small， simple thing， but taking care of the
lawn means a lot to the people they do it for. “When we mow their yards
for free， they can use the money for healthcare and food etc. It means
more than you would think，” Rodney said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rodney Smith Jr.免
费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响的故
事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Rodney Smith Jr.免
费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响的故
事。
5. Rodney drew attention for his 　　　　.（　　）
A. mowing skills B. dream
C. driving distance D. generosity
解析： 　细节理解题。根据文章前两段内容可知，Rodney引起大
家的关注是因为他总是为有需求的人无私提供帮助。
6. Why did Rodney knock on a lady’s door？（　　）
A. To comfort her.
B. To pray for her.
C. To share gardening tips.
D. To ask about her health.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第五段中Rodney说的话可知，Rodney
敲开女士的房门，是为了鼓励她，安慰她。
7. Where do Rodney’s decisions of mowing lawns for free come from？
（　　）
A. Social media. B. Personal success.
C. Daily inspiration. D. People’s courage.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三、四段可知，Rodney帮布朗先生
修剪了草坪，然后联想到还有很多像布朗先生一样无法自己修剪草
坪的人，于是他决定免费为老年人修剪草坪，所以他的决定来自日
常生活的灵感。
8. What is the best title for the passage？（　　）
A. Giving Free， Gaining Fortune
B. Mowing a Lawn， Making a Life
C. Serving the Senior， Satisfying the Self
D. Changing a Little， Challenging the Limits
解析： 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了Rodney免
费为有需求的老年人修剪草坪，对他们的生活产生了积极影响。
因此，B项最适合作文章标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When you hear the word “integrity”， it can feel weighty. In
simple words， integrity means sticking to values and morals.9.（　　）
So let’s get started.
　　You build better relationships.
　　10. （　　） The best benefit of having integrity is because you are
honest with whomever you meet， you build effective relationships with
others， including your family and your classmates. When you have
integrity， you will naturally get high-quality relationships.
　　Your credibility （信誉） increases.
　　Without question， integrity increases your credibility a lot. 11.
（　　） It is in people’s nature to believe in someone who has moral
values and ethics （道德标准）. You basically become a man of your
word.
　　Your level of confidence increases.
　　When you have integrity， your level of confidence automatically
increases. Without integrity， you will find it uncomfortable to be honest
with yourself， so it’s hard to figure out just where you are within
yourself. Naturally， your self-confidence drops.12.（　　）
　 You get leadership skills.
When people start trusting you， you get leadership abilities.13.
（　　） Leadership is not only one of the finest qualities that a person
can possess， but also an important life skill that youth should learn in
their development.
A. When you have integrity， you sleep well at night.
B. Integrity is very important to improving your relationships.
C. People start putting their trust in you when you have integrity.
D. A person with integrity becomes a natural inspiration to others.
E. All in all， integrity makes you feel very sure about the person you
are.
F. In order to get success in life， one should know why integrity is
important.
G. This is the reason why you will see that most leaders are people who
have integrity.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活
中很重要的几个原因。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了诚实正直的品质在生活
中很重要的几个原因。
9. F　设空处在文中起承上启下的作用。上文介绍了诚实正直的含
义，下面几段说明了拥有诚实正直的品质在生活中很重要的几个原
因，故F项符合语境。
10. B　本段小标题“你会建立更好的关系”概括了本段的主要内
容。故B项（诚实正直的品质对于改善人际关系非常重要）符合语
境。
11. C　空前一句说，毫无疑问的是，诚实正直的品质会大大提高你
的信誉。空后一句指出，信任拥有道德价值和道德标准的人是人类的
天性。C项（当你拥有诚实正直的价值观时，人们就会开始信任你）
符合语境。
12. E　上文指出，如果你是一个诚实正直的人，那么你的自信心自
然会变强。反之，自信心就会下降。E项（总之，诚实正直的品质能
让你对自己充满信心）符合语境。
13. G　上文说明了当人们开始信任你时，你就拥有了领导力。下文
指出了领导力不仅仅是最优秀的品质之一，也是年轻人在成长过程中
应该学习的一项重要生活技能。G项（这就是为什么你会发现大多数
领导者都是诚实正直的人）符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Hansen and his 10-year-old son Chase search the streets of Salt Lake
City every weekend for the homeless to take to lunch.They started Project
Empathy （共情） four years ago to 　14　 a meal， listen to their
stories and figured out how they could 　15　 help.
　　“Just start with a smile， a hello.It really just starts with that.If you
do it， you can make a connection.A small gesture can have a 　16　
impact on others less fortunate，” Hansen 　17　 in an interview.
　　Some of these shared meals have turned into stronger 　18　.Ward，
a homeless， was 　19　 in a flat.He credited the Hansens with helping
him 　20　 the difficult process of moving off the streets.“It is great to
have friends who make us feel 　21　 and I’m impressed with the
pair，” Ward said.
　　Father and son’s 　22　 have developed into a passion project
that 　23　 faith and community， which emphasizes the 　24　
community members can have in uplifting the homeless.They know they
can’t settle the homeless 　25　 alone.They’re hoping Empathy
will 　26　.
　　“My hope for the future is to 　27　 more connections across our
country.We could and we will succeed 　28　 we have other people join
in and help the homeless，” Chase said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hansen父子成立
“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。
14. A. buy B. cook C. share D. eat
解析： 　根据下文Some of these shared meals have turned into
stronger 　18　.可知，此处用share符合语境，share是原词复现。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Hansen父子成立
“共情”项目帮助无家可归者的故事。
15. A. often B. further C. also D. even
解析： 　结合上下文可知，除了给那些无家可归的人分享食物
和听他们讲述自己的事情外，父子俩想出如何为他们提供进一步
的帮助。
16. A. dramatic B. different
C. minimum D. decisive
解析： 　根据上下文可知，此处指一个小小的动作能给那些不
幸的人带来巨大的影响。
17. A. remarked B. praised
C. joked D. quoted
解析： 　此处用了Hansen采访时说的一段话。
18. A. desires B. connections
C. motivations D. opinions
解析： 　根据上文If you do it， you can make a connection.可
知，此处用connections符合语境，connection是原词复现。
19. A. provided B. permitted
C. abandoned D. housed
解析： 　结合上下文可知，此处是指Hansen父子给Ward提供了
一间公寓来居住。
20. A. through B. for C. despite D. to
解析： 　根据句意可知，此处考查固定用法help sb through“帮
某人渡过难关”。
21. A. surprised B. relaxed
C. awesome D. calm
解析： 　结合上下文可知，Hansen父子帮助无家可归的人，和
他们分享食物、给他们提供住所等，这让他们感觉非常好。
22. A. dreams B. influences
C. experiences D. efforts
解析： 　结合上下文可知，此处是指父子俩帮助无家可归的人
的努力影响了周围的人。
23. A. assesses B. compares
C. highlights D. respects
解析： 　根据下文which emphasizes the 　24　 community
members can have in uplifting the homeless可知，此处用highlights
符合语境，highlight和emphasize是同义词复现。
24. A. importance B. task
C. chance D. role
解析： 　结合上下文可知，此处是指社区的每个成员都可以帮
助无家可归的人，即每个人都可以充当帮助别人的角色。
25. A. argument B. problem
C. debt D. conflict
解析： 　根据常识可知，无家可归是一个社会问题。
26. A. go away B. catch on
C. fade out D. give off
解析： 　根据上文They know they can’t settle the
homeless 　25　 alone.可推测，他们希望“共情”这个项目可以
变得流行，这样可以让更多的人来帮助无家可归者。
27. A. spread B. miss
C. exchange D. maintain
解析： 　根据下文across our country可知，此处用spread符
合语境。
28. A. before B. if C. until D. so
解析： 　根据句意可知，此处用if引导条件状语从句，意为“如
果”。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　Sammy Armstrong was driving to his office when he
29. 　　　　　　 （notice） a car was stuck on railroad tracks.Then he
heard a train whistle.Sammy threw down his sunglasses and keys and ran
towards the car.30. 　　　　　　 elderly man， Jean Papich， eighty-
four， sat in the driver’s seat， 31. 　　　　　　 （turn） the key and
hitting the gas.His wife， Marion， seventy-eight， was looking
32. 　　　　　　 （nervous） at him.Then Sammy walked
33. 　　　　　　 the car and pushed it forward， but his boots slipped on
the warm asphalt （沥青）.He could see the train approaching fast.
　　It might be 34. 　　　　　　 （easy） to push the car backward，
Sammy thought.He ran around to the front of the vehicle and shouted at
Jean 35. 　　　　　　 （put） the car in neutral （空挡）.Sammy
could feel the ground trembling under his feet.He put his boots against the
track and pushed forcefully.Finally， the car rolled off the tracks.When
Sammy looked up， the train was just a couple of 36. 　　　　　　
（foot） away.Sammy， shocked and 37. 　　　　　　 （speech），
went back to work as the crowd gathered at the scene.
　　Weeks later， Marion called to thank Sammy.He responded， “I
just did 38. 　　　　　　 I had to do.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy在路上发现了一辆车被卡在
火车轨道上，眼看火车就要驶来，Sammy拼尽全力帮助司机将车推
离火车轨道。
29. noticed　考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，设空处在从句中
作谓语。根据was driving可知，此处应用一般过去时。故填noticed。
30. An　考查冠词。此处泛指“一位老人”，且elderly的发音以元音
音素开头。设空处位于句首，首字母应大写。故填An。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sammy在路上发现了一辆车被卡在
火车轨道上，眼看火车就要驶来，Sammy拼尽全力帮助司机将车推
离火车轨道。
31. turning　考查非谓语动词。此处与hitting并列，且turn和主语
elderly man之间为逻辑上的主谓关系。故填turning。
32. nervously　考查词形转换。此处修饰动词looking，应用副词。故
填nervously。
33. behind　考查介词。Sammy 往前推车时应该位于车的后面。故填
behind。
34. easier　考查形容词的比较级。Sammy将往前推和往后推作比较，
因此用比较级。故填easier。
35. to put　考查非谓语动词。此处作目的状语，应用动词不定式。故
填to put。
36. feet　考查名词的单复数。foot为可数名词，此处被a couple of修
饰，应用复数形式。故填feet。
37. speechless　考查词形转换。根据and可知，空处与shocked为并列
成分，应用形容词。speechless意为“（惊讶得）说不出话的”，符合
语境。故填speechless。
38. what　考查名词性从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导宾语从
句，且从句中缺少宾语。故填what。
Ⅴ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　Jennifer， a middle school student， was in Mr Green’s class.
After only a month at school， she began to be home on a regular basis
asking for plenty of crayons， paper， etc. At first， her mother，
Sophia， just dutifully provided whatever she needed， never questioning
her.
　　After ongoing requests for the items for several weeks， Sophia
became concerned and asked her， “Jennifer， what are you doing with
your stationery （文具）？” However， Jennifer would always respond
with an answer that satisfied Sophia.
　　One day， after supplying the same things to Jennifer， Sophia
seriously asked her once again， “Jennifer！ What is exactly going on
with your stationery？” Knowing her excuses would no longer work，
Jennifer bent her head and kept silence. With her mind filled with
confusion， Sophia lifted her daughter’s chin and looked into her eyes，
asking， “What is wrong？ Are you making money by reselling school
supplies？” Sophia waited for what seemed like a long time for Jennifer
to answer.
　　“Mom，” Jennifer said， “I’ve known a boy， called Jack，
who is a student in the nearby school sponsored by a charity. He is an
immigrant and has two brothers. He doesn’t have enough stationery to
do his work. He only has two crayons to colour with， and his art paper is
messy. I have been putting the new stationery you bought me in his desk
before the others came in， so he still doesn’t know I gave it to him. Our
teacher， Mr Green， always told us to be an honest person. I knew I
didn’t do it. Mom， don’t be angry. I didn’t mean to tell you a lie，
but I didn’t want anyone to know it was me.”
　　Sophia stood there in disbelief. Jennifer had took on the role of an
adult and tried to hide her good intentions. Sophia hugged Jennifer
tightly， saying， “Baby， I will never get mad at you for wanting to
help someone， but why didn’t you just come and tell me？” This
time， Sophia did not have to wait for her quick answer， but decided to
act.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　The next day， Sophia told Mr Green what Jennifer had said，
and invited him to visit Jack’s family together.
　　The acts of Sophia and Mr Green unexpectedly set off a wave of
donations in Jennifer’s school. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　The next day， Sophia told Mr Green what Jennifer had said， and
invited him to visit Jack’s family together. Jack’s mother heard the
knock on the door and answered it quickly. The immigrant family lived in
a small house， where there was not even a single piece of furniture. But
some brightly coloured pictures on the walls attracted their attention.
Apparently they were painted by Jack and his brother. Sophia and Mr
Green explained why they came， and then gave the mother the stationery
and clothes they had bought.
　　The acts of Sophia and Mr Green unexpectedly set off a wave of
donations in Jennifer’s school. Determined to help those in need of help
at the charity school， both the teachers and the students actively donated
money and goods. Some children brought their treasured stationery， and
some even donated their piggy POTS. Seeing such a scene， Sophia and
Mr Green were moved， thinking they could definitely make a difference.

展开更多......

收起↑