资源简介

(共103张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
FRANKLIN’S EXPERIMENT①： How Much Is True？
　　Benjamin Franklin’s famous experiment with lightning has
introduced generations② of children to science.[1]However， new
research suggests that the story may be fiction③ instead of④ fact.
　　[1]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导宾语从句；suggests在此处
意为“表明”，其后的宾语从句不需要用虚拟语气。
【读文清障】
①experiment n.（科学）实验
②generation n.一代人；同辈人
③fiction n.虚构的事，想象的事
④instead of 而不是；代替
　　[2]The well-known story is that the American Founding Father and
scientist flew a kite⑤ during a storm in 1752.At that time， there was
much interest in electricity⑥.[3]People wanted to know if lightning⑦ was
really produced by electricity or something else.Franklin was one of
them.He raised the kite with a piece of string⑧ tied to⑨ it.A metal⑩ key
was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite， and
electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Franklin then
touched the key with his finger and got an electric shock .This， he
said， proved that lightning was a form of electricity.
　　For many years， schools have taught the story of Franklin’s
lightning experiment.More than one generation of schoolchildren has been
amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the
truth.[4]Franklin， along with many other scientists，has inspired us
and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to
establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries
and inventions.
　　[2]本句是主从复合句。其中that引导表语从句。
　　[3]if引导宾语从句，意为“是否”。
　　[4]本句是主从复合句。句中that引导宾语从句；in order to
establish the truth and to contribute ...在从句中作目的状语。
⑤fly a kite 放风筝
⑥electricity n.电；电能
electrical adj.电的；用电的；发电的
⑦lightning n.闪电
⑧string n.线；细绳；一串；一系列
v.悬挂；系；扎
⑨tie ...to ...把……系在……上
⑩metal n.金属
attach v.系，绑；贴
be attached to
被固定到/附在……上
flash n.闪光
hit v.（hit， hit）打；击；碰撞
conduct v.传导（热、电）
electric shock 电击，触电
bravery n.勇气
brave adj.勇敢的
approach n.方式；方法；接近
v.靠近；接近
along with 与……一起
scientific adj.科学（上）的
scientific experiment 科学实验
establish v.确定，证实；建立，创立
establishment n.创立；建立；建设
contribute v.贡献；捐赠；捐助
contribute towards 有助于，为……做贡献/捐助
　　However， neither the story nor the details of the experiment are
entirely true.[5]Although it has been proved that Franklin’s
experiment took place ， more than one scientist has questioned what
really happened.The detail about the string and the key is true.But
scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key， he would
certainly have died from the electric shock.
　　Scientists often question accepted ideas because they want to establish
the facts.Some have even questioned the story about the apple that fell on
Newton’s head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity
.[6]In fact， more than one account suggests that while Newton was
certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that it hit him on
the head.
　　Admittedly ， fiction is often more interesting than the truth.People
have been more inspired by Franklin’s spirit of scientific exploration
than by the facts themselves.[7]But in science， facts should be proved
by experiments and research， and we should not always believe
everything we read or hear — even if it is a great story.
　　[5]本句是主从复合句。句中Although引导让步状语从句，其中
that引导主语从句，it作形式主语；what引导宾语从句。
　　[6]本句是主从复合句。that while Newton ...on the head是that
引导的宾语从句；其中while引导让步状语从句，that it hit him on the
head是that 引导的同位语从句。
　　[7]本句是并列复合句。第二个and连接两个并列分句；在第二
个分句中，not和always连用表示部分否定，we read or hear是省略了
关系代词that的定语从句，修饰先行词everything；even if引导让步状
语从句。
detail n.细节；琐事；消息
entirely adv.完全地，彻底地
entire adj.完全的；整个的
take place 发生
die from 死于
come up with 提出；想出
theory n.学说，理论
gravity n.重力，引力
account n.记述，描述
v.认为是；视为
　account for 解释；说明
proof n.证明，证据
prove v.证明，证实
admittedly adv.诚然，确实
spirit n.精神，心灵；情绪，心境
exploration n.探索；探究；探测
explore v.探索；探究；探测
【参考译文】
富兰克林的实验：有多少是真的？
　　本杰明·富兰克林关于闪电的著名实验已引领一代又一代的儿童
迈入科学世界。然而，新的研究显示，这个故事可能是虚构的，而并
非事实。
　　这一广为人知的故事讲述了这位美国的开国元勋和科学家在1752
年的一场暴风雨中放风筝的经历。那时，不少人对电感兴趣。人们想
知道闪电是否真的由电产生，还是另有源头。富兰克林就是其中之
一。他在风筝上系了一根细绳，把风筝放上天，细绳上绑着一把金属
钥匙。闪电击中风筝，电流通过绳子传导到钥匙上，富兰克林随即用
手指触碰钥匙，感受到了电击。他说，这一实验证明了闪电是电的一
种形式。
　　许多年来，富兰克林闪电实验的故事一直是学校的教学内容之
一。数代学生都叹服于富兰克林的勇气与追寻真理时采用的科学手
段。富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真
理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
　　然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。虽然已证
实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了
质疑。使用细绳和钥匙这一细节是真实的，但科学家们一致认为，如
果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
　　科学家们常常对已被人们接受的观点提出质疑，以求证事实。一
些科学家甚至也怀疑过牛顿的故事：一个苹果掉下来砸中了牛顿的脑
袋，促使他提出了万有引力定律。事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然
牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰
巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
　　诚然，虚构常常比事实更为有趣。人们更多是为富兰克林的科学
探索精神所激励，而非事实本身。但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所
证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——
即使它是一个精彩的故事。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What is the text mainly about？（　　）
A. Whether the story of Franklin’s experiment is true or not.
B. The aim of Franklin’s experiment.
C. The procedure of Franklin’s experiment.
D. The effect of Franklin’s experiment.
2. From the first two paragraphs， what do we know about the
experiment？（　　）
A. Only Franklin wanted to know the relation between electricity and
lightning.
B. Franklin taught many children about his findings in different schools.
C. People had already known the cause of lightning before Franklin’s
experiment.
D. As a scientist， Franklin was admired for his attitude to science.
3. What are people inspired by in Franklin’s story？（　　）
A. His bravery and scientific approach.
B. The kite with a key tied to the string.
C. The stormy weather with lightning.
D. His touching on the metal key.
4. What’s the author’s attitude towards the story of Franklin’s
experiment？（　　）
A. Doubtful. B. Curious.
C. Supportive. D. Not mentioned.
5. What is TRUE about Newton’s story？（　　）
A. The scientists saw the apple falling on Newton’s head.
B. Scientists like to question everything around them.
C. Everyone can prove the apple really hit Newton on the head.
D. The falling apple inspired Newton to think deeply about the reason.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the mood.


More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his
bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. In your opinion， what qualities should a great scientist have？

2. In what ways do scientists contribute to society？




Persistence， devotion and interest.
Firstly， scientific discoveries promote the development of our
society.Secondly， the contributions of scientists in medicine extend
our lifespan.Thirdly， scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools
that fundamentally improve our living standards.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Although it has been proved that Franklin’s experiment took place，
more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。Although it has been proved that
Franklin’s experiment took place为Although引导的 从
句，该从句中it为 ，that Franklin’s experiment took
place为 ；what really happened为what引导的
从句。
自主翻译

让步状语　
形式主语　
真正的主语　
宾
语　
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学
家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。　
2. But in science， facts should be proved by experiments and research，
and we should not always believe everything we read or hear — even if
it is a great story.
句式分析 本句为并列复合句。and前的分句为简单句；and后的分
句为复合句，we read or hear为省略关系代词 的 从
句，修饰先行词 ；even if it is a great story为even if引
导的 从句。
自主翻译


that　
定语　
everything　
让步状语　
但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作
事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精
彩的故事。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
declaration n.声明，宣告
【教材原句】　Benjamin Franklin （1706－1790） was one of the
Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of
Independence and the US Constitution.
本杰明·富兰克林（1706－1790年）是美国开国元勋之一，并帮助起
草了《独立宣言》和《美国宪法》。
declare v.　 宣布，宣称；声明
declare war on ...　　对……宣战
declare against/for　　声明反对/支持……
declare sb/sth （to be） ＋名词/形容词宣布某人/事为……
declare ...open/closed　　宣布……开始/结束
【用法】
【佳句】　The museum has a copy of the country’s Declaration of
Independence.
这家博物馆珍藏着该国的一份《独立宣言》。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①When they asked him for his opinion， he declared strongly
the policy，which made them unhappy.
②In 1939， Hitler declared war Poland， which started the
Second World War.
against　
on　
【写美】　补全句子
③The instant the ceremony ， all the students in
our school burst into cheers.
仪式一宣布开始，我校全体学生就欢呼起来。
was declared open　
attach v.系，绑；贴；使依恋；重视
【教材原句】　A metal key was attached to the string.细绳上绑着一把
金属钥匙。
【用法】
（1）attach sth to ...　把某物连接到/附在……上
attach oneself to ...　　依附……；缠着……
attach importance/significance/value to ...
重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值
（2）attached adj.　　喜爱的；依恋的；附属的
be attached to　　被连接到……；爱慕；附属于
（3）attachment n.　　附件，附属物
【佳句】　Chinese people attach great importance to the seating order
at formal dinners.
中国人非常重视在正式宴会上的座次排序。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①You can send an email with a sound as an （attach）.
②After graduation，he has been working in a hospital， which is
attached the medical college nearby.
attachment　
to　
【写美】　补全句子
③She found a box lying on the table it，
saying “Happy birthday”.
她发现桌子上放着一个盒子，盒子上贴着一张卡片，写着“生日快
乐”。
with a card attached to　
along with 与……一起
【教材原句】　Franklin， along with many other scientists，has
inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order
to establish the truth and to contribute towards later scientific discoveries
and inventions.
富兰克林与许多其他科学家激励并教导我们科学实验对于推定真理与
推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。
【用法】
当with，along with，together with，as well as，in addition to，rather
than，including等连接两个并列的名词或代词作主语时，谓语动词的
人称和数与前面的名词或代词保持一致。
【佳句】　She lost her job when the factory closed， along with
hundreds of others.
工厂倒闭时，她和其他数以百计的人一起失去了工作。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Now the teacher together with the students （be） discussing
reading skills.
②The students， rather than their teacher， （be） going to have
a picnic this weekend.
【写美】　补全句子
③I Sanya on the first
day.
第一天，我和我的父母将一起坐飞机去三亚。
is　
are　
along with my parents am taking a flight to　
account n.记述，描述；报道；账户 v.说明；解释
【教材原句】　In fact， more than one account suggests that while
Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that it
hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的
苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
【用法】
（1）account for　　　　　是……的原因；导致；占……（比例）
（2）on account of　　由于，因为
on no account　　决不（置于句首，句子用部分倒装）
（3） take account of＝take ...into account/consideration　　考
虑……
【佳句】　I sincerely hope that you will take my suggestions into
account.I’m looking forward to hearing from you as soon as possible.我
真诚地希望您能考虑我的建议。我期待着尽快得到您的回复。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The majority of people were drowned account of lack of enough
lifeboats.
②The minority nationalities account six per cent of the whole
population.
③His exam results were not very good， but we must take
account his long illness.
on　
for　
into　
【写美】　句式升级
④You should on no account leave the door unlocked.
→ the door unlocked.（倒装句）
On no account should you leave
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：neither ...nor ...连接并列成分
【教材原句】　However， neither the story nor the details of the
experiment are entirely true.
然而，不管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非完全属实。
【用法】
neither ...nor ...表示“既不……也不……”。
（1）neither ...nor ...连接两个主语时，应遵循“就近一致”原
则。
（2）若将neither ...nor ...句型变为肯定句，只需把
neither ...nor ...改为both ...and ...即可，同时谓语动词必须用复
数形式。
（3）neither可以单独使用，作主语，表示“两者中没有一个”。
（4）当表示“一个人没有做某事，另一个人也没做同一类事”时，
可用neither或nor进行简略回答。其结构为：Neither/Nor＋助动词/情
态动词/be动词＋主语。
【写美】　微写作
①昨天我和我的同学们都没有受到老师的惩罚。
by our teacher yesterday.
②昆明是一个美丽的城市，那里一年四季都不太热也不太冷。
Kunming is a beautiful city， where it’s
all the year around.
③如果乔的妻子不去参加聚会，他也不去。
If Joe’s wife doesn’t go to the party， .
Neither my classmates nor I was punished　
neither too hot nor too cold　
neither/nor will he　
句型公式：虚拟语气
【教材原句】　But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually
touched the key， he would certainly have died from the electric
shock.但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定
会被电死。
【用法】
虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法：
（1）与现在事实相反时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be动词用
were），主句谓语用would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
（2）与过去事实相反时，从句谓语用过去完成时，主句谓语用
would/should/could/might＋have＋过去分词。
（3）与将来事实相反时，从句谓语用一般过去时（be用were）
/should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形，主句谓语用
would/should/could/might＋动词原形。
【品悟】　If you had followed my advice， you wouldn’t have run
into trouble.
如果你听从了我的建议，你就不会陷入困境了。
【写美】　微写作
①要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。
If my brother were here，everything all right.
②如果明天下雨的话，我们就得推迟运动会。
If it tomorrow，we
the sports meeting.
would be
rained/should rain/were to rain　
would have to
put off　
③要是没有你的帮助，我上周考试可能就通不过。
If it for your help， I the exam
last week.
④玛丽是盲人。如果她能够看到这个光明的世界，她会满心欢喜。
Mary is blind.If she the bright world， she would be
full of joy.
hadn’t been　
would have failed　
were able to see　
句型公式：while引导让步状语从句
【教材原句】　In fact， more than one account suggests that while
Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple， there is no proof that
it hit him on the head.
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于一个掉落的
苹果，但没有证据表明这个苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。
【用法】
while的用法如下：
（1）while 引导让步状语从句，多位于句首，意为“尽管”，相当
于though/although。
（2）while引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候”。
（3）while连接并列句，表示对比或转折，意为“而；然而”。此
时，while一般位于句中。
【品悟】　While the students came from different countries， they
got along quite well in the summer camp.
虽然学生们来自不同的国家，但他们在夏令营里相处得很好。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①他对钱很吝啬而他的哥哥却很大方。
He is mean with money .
②尽管大卫在几公里内被绊倒了，但他仍坚持跑步。

，he insisted on running.
while his brother is generous　
While/Although/Though David was tripped over within a few
kilometers　
③While you are taking exercise， you must be cautious.
→ ， you must be cautious.（状语从句
的省略）
While taking exercise　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. As is known to all，water （传导） heat faster than air.
2. Made of （金属）， the statue weighs up to 225 tons and
measures 46 meters high.
3. There was a sudden （闪光） of lightning， which lit
everything up for a second.
conducts　
metal　
flash　
4. We should （起草） a proposal and discuss it at the meeting
before any decision is made.
5. To test the effect on eating habits， the researchers conducted
two （实验）.
6. The police insisted that Michael didn’t follow the correct p in
applying for a visa.
7. The force that causes everything to fall toward the ground is called
g .
8. Some f appeared without the names of the authors， often
with something like “by a lady”.
draft　
experiments　
rocedure
ravity　
ictions　
维度二：词形转换
1. After three weeks’ discussion， they will sign the
（declare） tomorrow.
2. The scientist devoted himself （entire） to his research，
which turned out to be a success.
3. There is no （prove） that the disappearance of bees has a
close connection with the radiation of the mobile phones.
4. There is （science） evidence to support our belief that
being surrounded by plants is good for health.
5. After graduation， he has been working in a middle school，which
is （attach） to Nanjing Normal University.
declaration　
entirely　
proof　
scientific　
attached　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. The couple were walking in the woods when suddenly a branch
（击中妻子的头）.
2. （他的父母和杰克都
没有被认出来） when they entered the room.
3. The teacher told me the fact
（决心和努力工作使她成功了）.
4. （除……以外） cleaning the yard and making the bed
for the old， we also read newspapers to them and chatted with them.
hit
the wife on the head　
Neither his parents nor Jack was recognised　
that determination and hard work made
her successful　
Apart from　
5. It’s believed that the manager is able to （想出）
new ways to solve the difficult problem.
6. The guqin， （与……一起） the game of Go，
calligraphy and painting， was expected to be mastered by noblemen
and scholars in Ancient China.
7. （不止一个） person has a good command of
English in the research unit.
come up with　
along with　
More than one　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Benjamin Franklin was one of the Founding Fathers of the United
States.Apart 1. being a successful statesman，he was also a
2. （create） scientist and inventor.
　　Benjamin Franklin 3. （fly） a kite during a storm in
1752.He raised the kite with a piece of string 4. （tie） to it.A
metal key was attached to the string.A flash of lightning hit the kite，and
electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Franklin then
touched the key and got 5. electric shock.
from　
creative　
flew　
tied　
an　
　　Generations of children have been amazed by his 6.
（brave）and his scientific approach to 7. （look） for the
truth.However，new research suggests that the story may be fiction
instead of fact.More than one scientist has questioned 8. really
happened.They all agree that if Franklin had 9. （actual）
touched the key，he would certainly have died from the electric shock.
　　In science，facts should 10. （prove）by experiments
and research，and we should not always believe everything we read or
hear — even if it is a great story.
bravery　
looking　
what　
actually　
be proved　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　NAO， the first robot able to show feelings， has been created by a
European research team.When NAO is sad， he lowers his head and looks
down.When he’s happy， he raises his arms for a hug.Nothing is out of
the ordinary， except that NAO is a robot.
　　“We’re modelling the first year of life，” says Lola Canamero，
a computer scientist at the University of Hertfordshire.“The feelings are
shown through physical gestures and body movements rather than facial or
verbal expressions.”
　　“In the future，” says the scientist， “robots are likely to act as
companions， provide support for old people，and help people shop
online.” In these situations， the display of emotions， will be important
in making the interaction more natural and comfortable.
　　NAO has been programmed to copy the emotional skills of a one-
year-old child.It can memorize faces， and knows the basic rules of good
and bad.Based on these it can decide how to react to what is going on.The
actions going with each feeling are pre-programmed， but NAO decides
for itself when to display them.
　　NAO is also programmed to have different personalities.A more
independent robot is less likely to call for help when exploring a room，
while a more fearful robot will show distress if it finds something in the
room that may be harmful.
　　Canamero’s team will take its emotional programming forward into
medical applications.Part of the project will look at ways to use robots in
hospitals to support the roles of doctors，nurses and parents.Children
might find that a small， friendly-looking robot that can understand their
emotional states makes them less anxious.“We want to explore different
roles — the robots will help the children to understand their treatment and
explain what they have to do.We want to help the children to control their
anxiety，” she says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由欧洲研究团队发
明的第一个能够通过动作表达感情的机器人NAO，该团队希望能将
它的情感程序应用到医学领域。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一个由欧洲研究团队发
明的第一个能够通过动作表达感情的机器人NAO，该团队希望能将
它的情感程序应用到医学领域。
1. According to the text， what do we know about NAO？（　　）
A. It displays different feelings in different situations.
B. It is able to imitate adults’ emotional displays.
C. It can remember people’s feelings.
D. It learns emotions from facial expressions.
解析： 细节理解题。根据第一段中的When NAO is sad， he
lowers his head and looks down.When he’s happy， he raises his
arms for a hug.可知，当NAO伤心时，它会低下头；当它开心时，
它会伸出手臂要求拥抱，这说明NAO能在不同情况下表达不同的
情绪。
2. What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A. Scientists worked on facial and spoken expressions to create NAO’s
emotions.
B. The time when NAO displays feelings has been pre-programmed.
C. Emotional programming is used in medicine production.
D. Robots with emotional skills can help children feel more comfortable.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Children might find that
a small， friendly-looking robot that can understand their emotional
states makes them less anxious.可知，如果孩子们有一个小的、友好
的又能够理解他们情感状态的机器人陪着的话，他们可能就不会那
么焦虑了，也就是说具有情感技能的机器人可以帮助孩子们感觉更
舒服。
3. What does the underlined word“distress” in Paragraph 5 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Courage. B. Anxiety.
C. Anger. D. Satisfaction.
解析： 　词义猜测题。前面提到一个更独立的机器人在探索房间
时很少寻求帮助，是独立完成任务的。句中的while表示对比，由
此可以判断，后面是说一个胆怯的机器人如果在房间里发现可能有
害的东西时会表现出“焦虑”（的情绪）。
4. What is the text mainly about？（　　）
A. The relationship between humans and robots.
B. The roles that robots play in different fields.
C. The first robot able to show feelings.
D. The long history of robots.
解析： 　主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知，本文主要介绍了一个
由欧洲研究团队发明的第一个能够表达感情的机器人NAO。
B
　　Charles Darwin was a very famous scientist who lived in the
1800s.His ideas about evolution （进化） completely changed the way
scientists understand the natural world.He recorded his ideas in notebooks
marked with letters of the alphabet （字母表）， which have been
considered extremely important for showing how he developed the
evolution.
　　The Cambridge University Library had several of Mr Darwin’s
notebooks.The two that were missing were kept in a small box， and were
last seen in 2000.In 2001， someone noticed that the box was
missing.Luckily， the library had taken pictures of the notebooks’
pages， so the information wasn’t completely lost.
　　In 2020， the library made a huge effort to find the
notebooks.Workers searched through the 10 million books and other things
in the library， but they didn’t find the notebooks.Finally， the library
asked people around the world to help look for the notebooks.They
officially reported the missing notebooks as stolen so that the police around
the world would search for them.
　　Nobody could ever have expected the way in which the notebooks
were returned recently： in a pink gift bag with a note that said
“Librarian， Happy Easter， X”.People at the library quickly
recognised the blue box that the notebooks had been stored in.Inside a
brown envelope they found the two missing notebooks， tightly wrapped
in plastic.After the police had examined the package， library workers
were able to open and carefully study the notebooks.They were pleased to
learn that the notebooks were in good shape.They hadn’t been damaged
and they weren’t missing any pages.
　　The timing of the return is perfect.The library was planning a show
called “Darwin in Conversation”， which is set to open in July.Now
the missing notebooks can be part of that show.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是19世纪著名科学家达
尔文的两本标有关于进化论观点的笔记本丢失以及回归的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述的是19世纪著名科学家达
尔文的两本标有关于进化论观点的笔记本丢失以及回归的故事。
5. What did Darwin write in his notebooks？（　　）
A. Scientists’ ideas about society.
B. The stories of his family.
C. His thoughts of evolution.
D. The development of the alphabet.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的He recorded his ideas in
notebooks marked with ...for showing how he developed the
evolution.可知，该笔记本中标注的是他关于进化论的思想。
6. Why were the missing notebooks reported to have been stolen？
（　　）
A. Because the library wanted to turn to the police for help.
B. Because the library didn’t want to take on responsibility for the loss.
C. Because the library discovered a librarian stole the notebooks.
D. Because the library realized the notebooks couldn’t be found.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的They officially reported the
missing notebooks as stolen so that the police around the world would
search for them.可知，将遗失的笔记本报告为被盗可以得到全世界
警察的帮助。
7. How did the librarians feel about the notebooks’ return？（　　）
A. Proud. B. Nervous.
C. Unconcerned. D. Surprised.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的Nobody could ever
have expected the way in which the notebooks were returned recently可
知，对于笔记本的回归，图书管理员感到很惊讶。
8. What will happen to the notebooks？（　　）
A. They will be on exhibition.
B. They will be hidden forever.
C. They will be sold on a show.
D. They will be returned to the owner.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的Now the missing
notebooks can be part of that show.可知，两个笔记本有可能会成为
接下来展览的一部分。
C
　　“In 2003， the Human Genome （基因组） Project made history
when it sequenced （测定序列） 92％ of the human genome. But for
nearly twenty years since， scientists have made efforts to translate the
remaining 8％. Now， a team of nearly 100 scientists from the Telomere-
to-Telomere （T2T） Consortium has uncovered the complete human
genome — the first time it’s been sequenced in its entirety，” the
researchers said.
　　“Having this complete information will allow us to better understand
how we form as an individual organism and how we vary not just between
other humans but other species，” Evan Eichler， a Howard Hughes
Medical Institute investigator at the University of Washington and the
research leader， said Thursday.
　　The new research introduces 400 million letters to the previously
sequenced DNA — an entire chromosome’s worth. The full genome will
allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and whether
these genetic variations play a role in disease.
　　The research， published in the journal Science on Thursday， was
previously in preprint， allowing other teams to use the sequence in their
own studies.
　　Until now， it was unclear what these unknown genes coded.
　　“It turns out that these genes are incredibly important for
adaptation，” Eichler said.“They contain immune response genes that
help us to adapt and survive infections and plagues and viruses.They
contain genes that are very important in terms of predicting drug
response.”
　　“For now， it’s still too expensive and time-consuming for
everyone to sequence their own genome. But research is underway that
uses this genome to judge whether certain genetic differences are
connected with specific cancers. Knowing the genetic variations could
also allow doctors to better tailor treatments，” said Michael Schatz，
another researcher on the team and a professor of computer science and
biology at Johns Hopkins University.
　　Charles Rotimi， scientific director of the National Human Genome
Research Institute， said in a statement that this scientific achievement is
“moving us closer to individualized medicine for all humanity”. Rotimi
was not involved in the research.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整
的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要
的见解。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整
的人类基因组，为遗传变异、疾病研究以及个性化医疗提供了重要
的见解。
9. What can we say about the human genome？（　　）
A. It made history in 2003.
B. It is similar between humans.
C. It has been sequenced completely.
D. It will make us know each other well.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Now， a team of nearly
100 scientists ... the complete human genome — the first time it’s
been sequenced in its entirety可知，人类基因组测序已经全部完成。
10. What does the full genome mean to scientists according to the third
paragraph？（　　）
A. They may write it in the journal Science.
B. They may use it to survive infections.
C. They can analyze if it functions in illness.
D. They can relate it to a certain disease.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的The full genome will
allow scientists to analyze how DNA differs between people and
whether these genetic variations play a role in disease.可知，对于科
学家们来说，测定完整的人类基因组可以让他们分析人与人之间
的DNA有何区别以及基因变异在疾病方面是否起作用。
11. How could people benefit from sequencing their own genome？（　　）
A. They could succeed in the field of medicine.
B. They might get personalized treatment.
C. They might be closer to great achievement.
D. They could connect gene with cancers.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的moving us closer to
individualized medicine可知，对自己的基因组进行测序让我们离
个性化治疗更近一步。B项中的personalized意为“个性化的”。
12. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Why Scientists Research the Complete Human Genome
B. The Full Human Genome Benefits Human Beings
C. How Scientists Sequenced the Full Human Genome
D. The Complete Human Genome Was First Uncovered
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文首段提出研究结
论，科学家团队首次成功测定了最完整的人类基因组，下文具体
说明这一发现的意义。因此，D项（完整的人类基因组首次被揭
露）最适合作为本文标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Red Cross Apps Guide Survivalists through Natural Disasters
　　Red Cross has several apps that will help you in a natural disaster.
13.（　　）
　　Emergency App
　　For an all-in-one reference for any catastrophe， the Emergency App
is the answer.14.（　　） Users can also customize their alerts according
to their areas and locations of their loved ones so that they can monitor
activity in multiple places.
　　Earthquake App
　　15. （　　） And the number of high magnitude earthquakes nearly
doubled last year. With the Earthquake App， you’ll receive real-time
alerts and notifications and learn how to respond in this natural disaster
while keeping your family and home safe from any further threats.
　　Hurricane App
　　This is a must-have for people in hurricane areas. 16.（　　）
Much like the Earthquake App， it will supply you with details for staying
safe in this circumstance.
　　Shelter Finder App
　　In case your emergency shelter wasn’t built to withstand whatever
disaster came your way， the Shelter Finder App uses data from the
National Shelter System and maps out the secured shelters across the
country. Other than the address， the app also supplies you with details
such as the agency running the shelter， capacity and current population of
the shelter， among others.17.（　　）
A. The global earthquake rate is rising.
B. Each app is available on iOS and Android devices.
C. It contains information on over 35 different types of emergency
situations.
D. These details are updated within every thirty minutes， so you’ll
always stay posted.
E. Track storms and the condition in your area so that you can take the
proper precautions.
F. The modern survivalist knows your smartphone is the best tool to keep
you on your feet.
G. For other apps specific to a natural disaster， the Red Cross also has
apps for floods， tornadoes， and wildfires.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以指导幸存
者度过自然灾害的应用程序。
13. B　根据空前一句可知，红十字会有很多应用程序，它们能在自
然灾害中帮助你。B项（每个应用程序都可以在iOS和Android设备上
使用）符合语境，说明在哪里可以获得这些应用程序。
14. C　空前一句提到了应用程序可以给予人们参考。C项（它载有关
于35种以上不同类型紧急情况的资料）符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个可以指导幸存
者度过自然灾害的应用程序。
15. A　根据Earthquake App可知，本段主要介绍地震应用程序，且
空后一句提到去年高震级地震的数量几乎翻了一番。A项（全球地震
频率正在上升）符合语境。
16. E　根据Hurricane App可知，本段主要介绍飓风应用程序，故空
处应说明此应用程序有何用处。E项（跟踪风暴和你所在地区的情
况，这样你就可以采取适当的预防措施）符合语境。
17. D　上文提到此应用程序还为你提供详细信息，D项（这些详细信
息每30分钟更新一次，所以你会随时了解最新情况）符合语境，D项
中的details与空前一句中的details相呼应。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华，英语课上，老师要求就应用人工智能（artificial
intelligence）的利弊进行讨论，请你代表小组写一篇发言稿，说明讨
论的结果。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
On the Use of Artificial Intelligence
参考范文：
On the Use of Artificial Intelligence
　　Hi everybody.Our group discussed the use of AI and finally agreed
that its advantages outweigh the disadvantages.
　　On the one hand， it goes without saying that AI has brought much
convenience and has been doing us a great favour in jobs requiring
accuracy and calculation.Plus， AI has such fantastic speed in collecting
data.On the other hand， AI is becoming too smart nowadays， concerns
arising.Some of us think that AI will be a threat to humans one
day.However， AI can be our best assistant as long as we develop it in the
right way.
　　That’s our opinion.Thank you.(共22张PPT)
单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　 ◇自我评价
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. v. 射出（光、亮等），放射
2. n. 渴望，欲望
3. prep. 无法……
4. n. 例子，实例
5. adj. 重要的，影响深远的
6. v. 使受伤，弄伤
7. n. 起源，起因
8. n. 学说，理论
shoot　
desire　
beyond　
instance　
significant　
injure　
origin　
theory　
9. adj. 精神的；精神健康的
10. n. 药剂；疗法
11. v. 传导（热、电）
12. n. 记述，描述
13. n. 程序，步骤，手续
mental　
cure　
conduct　
account　
procedure　
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1. I have a strong to visit the old castle， whose door is
painted red.
2. His movie won several awards at the film festival， which
was his expectation.
3. The fact is that not all the confirm that hard work can
lead to success.
4. My boyfriend and my best friend had a quarrel on this
occasion， and unfortunately I found myself caught in between.
desire　
beyond　
instances　
significant　
5. These measures are aimed at bringing scientific and
knowledge to practical application.
6. There were many opinions about the of life at that time.
7. Remember these and try to do the experiment by
yourself.
8. Copper electricity well， which is known to most of us.
theories　
origin　
procedures　
conducts　
二、拓展单词
1. v.按，压→pressure n.压力，挤压
2. adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性
地→flexibility n.灵活性；柔韧度
3. adj.有能力的→incapable adj.没有能力的→capability
n.才能，能力
4. n.声明，宣告→declare vt.宣布；声明
5. v.系，绑；贴→attached adj.依恋的，附加的
press　
flexible　
capable　
declaration　
attach　
6. adj.科学（上）的→science n.科学→scientist
n.科学家
7. adv.完全地，彻底地→entire adj.整个的；完全的；全
部的
8. n.证明，证据→prove v.证明；证实linking v.证明是；被
发现是
scientific　
entirely　
proof　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can
be （entire） free from dust.
2. Athletes must perform well under extreme （press），
especially in big events such as Olympic Games.
3. Online learning resources would cease to be effective or even have
negative effects if the students should fail to use them wisely
and （flexible）.
entirely　
pressure　
flexibly　
4. Since reform and opening-up， China has made remarkable
achievements in （science） and technological
innovation.
5. In 1863， President Lincoln issued a （declare）
calling for the last Thursday of November to be observed as a day of
Thanksgiving.
scientific　
declaration　
三、重点短语
1. 　也，还，除……之外
2. 　除此之外，另外
3. 　在……方面，就……而言
4. 　从……开始
5. 　导致；通向
6. 　虚拟现实
7. 　可穿戴技术
8. 　被用来做某事
9. 　别轻易说决不
as well as　
in addition　
in terms of　
start with　
lead to　
virtual reality　
wearable tech　
be used to do sth　
never say never　
10. 　除……之外
11. 　以……命名
12. 　被固定到/附在……上
13. 　与……一起
14. 　发生，举行
15. 　死于
16. 　提出；想出
apart from　
be named after　
be attached to　
along with　
take place　
die from　
come up with　
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1. I don’t know who this idea， but it is really
wonderful.
2. The plotlines （主要情节） of cartoons are simple and they
often at home or school.
3. a small team of paid staff， the organization is made
up of unpaid volunteers.
4. It is often a good idea to small， easily achievable
goals.
came up with　
take place　
Apart from　
start with　
5. Previous behavioural studies have shown that learning new information
can forgetting.
6. content， the article is good， but it is written poorly.
7. American children eat too many snacks between meals.
， they drink too many sugary drinks.
lead to　
In terms of　
In
addition　
四、经典句式
1. “find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
And now， we
（发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代）.
2. “with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构（with复合结构）
It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different
places， （计
算机技术则控制着它的“双腿”）.
3. 强调句型的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
So （是什么） inspires us to invent things？
find ourselves in the great new age of technology　
with computing technology controlling its “legs”　
what is it that　
4. neither ...nor ...连接并列成分
However， （不
管是故事本身还是实验细节都并非） are entirely true.
neither the story nor the details of the experiment　
Ⅳ.补全句子
1. He returned home， only to .
他回到家却发现自己的一根手指受伤了。
2. ， the travelers walked to the
hotel soon.
因为有那个年轻人带路，游客们很快就步行到了酒店。
3. picked up your key in the campus yesterday？
昨天是谁在校园里捡到你的钥匙的？
4. before.
他的家人和他以前都没去过那儿。
find one of his fingers injured　
With the young man leading the way　
Who was it that　
Neither his family nor he has been there　
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1. The question mark is the key to any science.
问号是开启所有科学的钥匙。
2. With science and technology developing fast， our life at present is
quite different from that in the past.
随着科学技术的快速发展，我们现在的生活与过去有很大的不同。
3. It was because of the great breakthrough she made in medicine that the
Chinese scientist Tu Youyou won the Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine.
中国科学家屠呦呦正是因其在医学上的重大突破而获得诺贝尔生理
学或医学奖。
4. The pursuit of objective truth and knowledge is the highest and eternal
goal of human beings.
追求客观真理和知识是人类最高的和永恒的目标。
5. Science and technology is the primary productive force.
科学技术是第一生产力。
6. The ancient Chinese are associated with many important inventions，
some of which have changed the world， and many of which we still
use today.
古代中国人与许多重要发明有关，其中一些已经改变了世界，许多
我们今天仍在使用。
7. Because of the invention of paper， the Chinese were one of the first
nations to start recording histories in the world.
由于纸的发明，中国是世界上最早开始记录历史的国家之一。
8. Science is endless.It is an eternal mystery.
— Einstein
科学是永无止境的，它是一个永恒之谜。
——爱因斯坦(共80张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
现在完成时的被动语态
①I guess you have been asked about the title of your book before.
②The ink has not been removed from the clothes.
③Haven’t your problems been solved？
④How many buildings have been built in your school？
【我的发现】
1. 以上例句中都使用了 。
2. 以上例句中第①句是该时态的 句式；第②句是 句
式；第③句是 句式；第④句是 句式。
现在完成时的被动语态　
肯定　
否定　
一般疑问　
特殊疑问　
一、结构
肯定式 主语＋have/has been done ...
否定式 主语＋have/has not been done ...
一般疑问式 Have/Has＋主语＋been done ...？
特殊疑问式 疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋been done ...？
This year，115 measles cases have already been reported in the USA.
今年美国已经报告了115例麻疹病例。
The construction of the bridge has not been finished.
这座桥的建设还没有完成。
Has the date for the next meeting been decided？
下次会议的日期已经决定了吗？
How long has the battery not been changed？
电池多久没有更换了？
【即时演练1】　补全句子
①A huge amount of environmental damage
by the destruction of the rain forests.
雨林的破坏导致了巨大的环境破坏。
②Some astronauts to carry on experiments
so as to learn its secrets.
一些航天员被送入太空进行实验，以便了解太空的奥秘。
③Large quantities of various talents to Xi’an.
大量的各类人才已被引进西安。
has been brought about　
have been sent into space　
have been introduced　
④ the good news yet？
孩子们被告知这个好消息了吗？
⑤How many cars by the factory since 1990？
自从1990年以来，这家工厂生产了多少辆汽车？
Have the children been told
have been produced　
二、用法
1. 表示被动的动作在说话前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的
影响或结果，通常与already， yet， just， never， recently， lately
等副词及时间状语so far， by now， since， up till now，
in/during/over the past/last years等连用。
The machine has already been repaired.Do you want to use it？
这台机器已经修好了。你想用它吗？
2. 表示被动的动作或状态开始于过去，持续到现在，并可能持续下
去，常与for或since引导的时间状语连用，或用于how long引导的句
子中。
Financial problems of the company have been discussed for nearly two
hours.
公司的财务问题已被讨论了近两个小时了。
How long has this film been shown？
这部电影已放映多长时间了？
3. 用在时间或条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已完成的动作。
You shouldn’t leave the school before your homework has been
finished.
在你的作业没完成之前你不应该离开学校。
名师点津
现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别
一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去的某个时间
里，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示一
个被动的动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了
影响或结果。
The big fire was put out two hours ago.
大火在两小时前被扑灭了。
The big fire has been put out.
大火已经被扑灭了。
【即时演练2】　单句语法填空
①People’s lives （change） in the past 10
years.
②The construction of the two new railway lines
（complete） by now.
③They can’t go to school tomorrow because the school houses
（damage） in a fire.
④So far， this novel （translate） into several
languages.
have been changed　
has been completed　
have
been damaged　
has been translated　
三、注意事项
1. 只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，将主动语态的宾语变为被
动语态的主语。
His boss has already punished him.
→He has already been punished by his boss.
他的老板已经惩罚了他。
2. 带有双宾语的动词，如give， send， bring， take， teach， show，
tell， make， sing， write， read， sell， buy， pay， lend， pass，
promise等，变为被动语态时，一般把指人的间接宾语变为被动语
态的主语，若将直接宾语变为被动语态的主语，间接宾语前面要用
相应的介词to或for。
The company has given him a chance to work abroad recently.
→He has been given a chance to work abroad recently by the
company.
→A chance to work abroad has been given to him recently by the
company.
最近公司给了他一次出国工作的机会。
【即时演练3】　把下列句子改成被动句
①People have cut down many big trees along the stream to build houses.
→

②They have spent large quantities of funds in bringing up the three
children.
→

Many big trees along the stream have been cut down by people to
build houses.　
Large quantities of funds have been spent by them in bringing up the
three children.　
③I haven’t found my new schoolbag up till now.
→
④Has anyone made a comment about the online database？
→
My new schoolbag hasn’t been found by me up till now.　
Has a/any comment been made about the online database？　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
beyond recognition 无法辨认，认不出来
【教材原句】　Within the next 80 years， our lives may be changed
beyond recognition by 3D printing.
今后的80年内，3D打印技术可能会使我们的生活变得无法辨认。
【用法】
beyond belief　　　　　　 难以置信
beyond description　　无法形容
beyond expression　　无法表达
beyond one’s control　　不受某人的控制
beyond one’s imagination　　难以想象
beyond one’s power　　超出某人的能力/权力
beyond one’s reach　　在某人够不到的地方
【佳句】　The scenery along the lake is beautiful beyond description.
湖边的景色美得无法形容。
【练透】　选用上面短语填空
①Owing to circumstances ， we regret to inform
customers that this store will close early.
②I was pleased that I got this job.
【写美】　补全句子
③The town since I was last here.
自从我上次离开这里以来，这座小镇已经变得让人认不出来了。
beyond our control　
beyond description/expression　
has changed beyond recognition　
instance n.例子，实例
【教材原句】　For instance， some restaurants in London have served
3D-printed hamburgers to customers.
例如，在伦敦，一些餐馆已经向顾客提供3D打印出来的汉堡了。
【用法】
for instance　　　　　　　　例如；比如
in the first instance　　首先；第一
in most instances　　在大多数情况下
in this instance　　就这个情况而言
【佳句】　We need to rethink the way we consume energy.Take， for
instance， our approach to transport.
我们需要重新考虑我们消耗能源的方式，例如我们的运输方式。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Anyone wishing to join the society should apply the first instance
to the secretary.
②In most （instance）， environmental protection is a
long-term process that requires our collective participation.
in　
instances　
【写美】　翻译句子
③很多地方都有了改进，比如鼠标按键。

There are a number of improvements， for instance， the mouse buttons.
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的
【教材原句】　But perhaps the most significant success that people have
achieved to date is in medicine.
但是或许人们现在取得的最重要的成功是在医学方面。
【用法】
（1）significance n.　　重要性；意义；意思，含义
be of significance＝be significant　有意义的
attach （great） significance to认为……（很）重要
（2）significantly adv.　　显著地；有重大意义地
【佳句】　The most significant thing you should keep in mind is that
most of the questions are easy if you make use of correct methods.
你应该牢记的最重要的事情是，如果你使用正确的方法，大部分问题
是容易的。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①These presses are little significance， indicating that they are
worthless.
②In my view， practicing handwriting is very significant the
students’ growth.
of　
to　
【写美】　补全句子
③To be honest， a lot of people
becoming famous and rich.
说实话，很多人把名和利看得很重要。
attach great significance to　
cure n.药剂；疗法 vt.治好（疾病）；治愈；改正（不良行为）
【教材原句】　Currently， there’s no cure for Alzheimer’s， but
scientists are researching ways to improve the quality of life for people
living with the disease.
目前，还没有治愈阿尔茨海默病的方法，但是科学家们正在研究改善
患者生活质量的方法。
【用法】
（1）a cure for ... ……的治疗方法；解决问题的措施
（2）cure sb of sth 治愈某人的某种疾病；改正某人的不良行为
【佳句】　Thanks to the help of the expert， he was cured of the terrible
disease successfully.
多亏专家的帮助，他成功地治好了可怕的疾病。
【辨析】　（1）cure作为动词，多用于疾病方面，强调结果，表示
“治好某人的某种疾病”，要用cure sb of sth来表示。
（2）treat强调治疗的动作，不涉及结果，用于treat sb for sth结构中。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Tu Youyou chose to establish a team to find a cure malaria.
②The patient received careful treatment in the hospital. Finally she was
cured the disease.
【写美】　补全句子
③With the help of my parents and teachers， I
and made progress in my study.
在父母和老师的帮助下，我改正了一些缺点，在学习上取得了进步。
for　
of　
cured myself of some
shortcomings　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. Some animal and plant （物种） cannot adapt to the
rapidly changing conditions.
2. To test the （理论）， they taught volunteers two simple
rules to help them turn a string of numbers into a new order.
species　
theory　
3. Technological development can help us to be more （准
确的） in predicting earthquakes.
4. Listening is an active， not a （被动的） behavior
consisting of hearing， understanding and remembering.
5. Mary is interested in biology and wants to be a （生物学
家） when she grows up.
6. Every day in our work， we are inspired by the people we meet doing
e things to improve the world.
accurate　
passive　
biologist　
xtraordinary　
7. A c is a person who does research connected with chemistry or
who studies chemistry.
8. His not being admitted to the college made all of us surprised， for he
was such a b student.
hemist　
rilliant　
维度二：语法与写作
把下列句子改为被动语态。
1. He has made use of his spare time to learn English because of his poor
English.
→His spare time to learn English because of
his poor English.
has been made use of　
2. Sandstorms have covered over Loulan from 200 AD to 400 AD， which
was a stopping point on the Silk Road.
→Loulan， which was a stopping point on the Silk Road，
from 200 AD to 400 AD.
3. Have you pressed the button yet to copy the file？
→ yet to copy the file？
4. So far we have tried every possible means to solve the problem.
→So far to solve the problem.
has been
covered over by sandstorms　
Has the button been pressed　
every possible means has been tried　
5. We have washed the windows up to now，and you need not wash them
again.
→ up to now，and you need not
wash them again.
6. They have built many houses in the village in the past few years.
→Many houses in the village in the past few
years.
The windows have been washed　
have been built　
7. Hello Kitty has made billions of dollars over the last 45 years.
→Billions of dollars by Hello Kitty over the last
45 years.
8. They have found a good place to build a gym in the community.
→A good place by them to build a gym in the
community.
have been made　
has been found　
9. We have completed all the preparations for the task， and we’re ready
to start.
→All the preparations for the task by us and
we’re ready to start.
10. Since its opening， the museum has attracted over 5 million visitors
all over the world.
→Since its opening， over 5 million visitors all over the world
by the museum.
have been completed　
have
been attracted　
维度三：语法与语篇
用所给单词的适当形式完成下面短文。
　　Have you ever heard of Uluru？ Actually， it 1.
（call） Ayers Rock by some people， too.Located in Australia， Uluru
is a large sandstone rock formation.Uluru used to be open to the
public.However， it 2. （close） since 26 October
2019.In 1994， Uluru 3. （list） as a UNESCO World
Heritage Site.Besides， Uluru 4. （consider） a
major attraction for decades and tourists from all over the world 5.
is called　
has been closed　
was listed　
has been considered　
（attract） by it.It’s said that the ban 6.
（announce） in 2007 for the first time and most visitors
observed it.Australia’s tourist association said that the rock 7.
（climb） by only 16 percent of visitors since 2017.A
local man named Rameth Thomas explained to the BBC how important the
rock is to the people.“I 8. （tell） that the place is
very sacred （神圣的） since I was a little boy.Our stories are all on the
rock，” said Thomas.
have been attracted　
was
announced　
has
been climbed　
have been told　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　The violin is one of the most popular instruments and it is still made
using traditional processes. However， that is not the only way to create
the instrument. In the latest innovation， AVIVA Young Artists Program is
3D printing low-cost， durable （耐用的） violins for children and adults
who want to learn how to play them.
　　It is no secret that violins are expensive to buy. It is possible to have
one violin that costs millions depending on how it is and who made it.
This can make it hard for many people to buy the instrument， especially
for beginners. However， AVIVA Young Artists Program is hoping to
change this.
　　The program started as an experiment to reach under-served
communities. And now it grows to be the Young Artists Program for
violinists worldwide. It “seeks not” only to connect people with music
worldwide but also to be innovative. 3D-printed violins are a key part of
that mission.
　　A 3D-printed violin not only works correctly but is also able to be
made at a of the cost of a traditional instrument. Considering
that low-cost beginner violins cost around $500， this is a significant price
reduction and will make these beautiful instruments accessible to more
people.
fraction　
　　Mary Elizabeth Brown， director of the AVIVA Young Artists
Program， said， “Our goals are to explore the new sound world using
new materials， use the new technology in other fields， and make music
education continuable and accessible through the printing of more durable
instruments. The next step is to lower the costs of production while
making such instruments more widely available， especially in the
educational field.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印小提琴，使
此乐器更加平民化。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了3D打印小提琴，使
此乐器更加平民化。
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The popularity of 3D printing.
B. The importance of innovation.
C. A new way of making violins.
D. A tradition of playing the violin.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第一段可知，第一段主要讲的是一种
制作小提琴的新方法。
2. What do we know about AVIVA Young Artists Program？（　　）
A. It makes it easy to play the violin.
B. It is trying to cut the cost of a violin.
C. It helps violinists become famous.
D. It is hoping to improve education.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段内容尤其最后一句可推知，
AVIVA青年艺术家正计划试图降低小提琴的成本。
3. What does the underlined word “fraction” in Paragraph 4 probably
mean？（　　）
A. Rate. B. Rise.
C. Huge amount. D. Small part.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第四段第一句可知，此处表示3D打印
小提琴不仅可以正常工作，而且制造成本仅为传统乐器的一小部
分。故可猜测画线单词fraction意为“小部分”。
4. Why does the author mention Mary Elizabeth Brown’s words about
the program？（　　）
A. To show expectations of it.
B. To explore the birth of it.
C. To prove the value of it.
D. To spread the idea of it.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段可推知，作者提到玛丽·伊丽
莎白·布朗关于这个项目的话是为了表示对它的期望。
B
　　Barbara McClintock was one of the most important scientists of the
twentieth century.She made important discoveries about genes and
chromosomes （染色体）.
　　Barbara McClintock was born in 1902 in Hartford， Connecticut.Her
family moved to the Brooklyn area of New York City in 1908.Barbara was
an active child with interest in sports and music.She also developed an
interest in science.
　　She studied science at Cornell University in Ithaca， New
York.Barbara was among a small number of undergraduate students to
receive training in genetics in 1921.Years later， she noted that few
college students desired to study genetics.
　　Barbara McClintock decided to study botany， the scientific study of
plants， at Cornell University.She completed her undergraduate studies in
1923.McClintock decided to continue her education at Cornell
University.She completed a master’s degree in 1925.Two years later，
she finished all her requirements for a doctorate.
　　McClintock stayed at Cornell University after she completed her
education.She taught students botany.The 1930s was not a good time to
be a young scientist in the United States.The country was in the middle of
the Great Depression.Millions of Americans were unemployed.Male
scientists were offered jobs.But female geneticists were not much in
demand.
　　An old friend from Cornell University， Marcus Morton Rhoades，
invited McClintock to spend the summer of 1941 working at the Cold
Spring Harbor Laboratory.It was a research centre on Long Island， near
New York City.McClintock started in a temporary job with the genetics
department.A short time later， she accepted a permanent position in the
laboratory.This gave her the freedom to continue her research without
having to teach or repeatedly ask for financial aid.
　　By the 1970s， her discoveries had had a significant effect on
everything from genetic engineering to cancer research.McClintock won
the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the
ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.She was the first
American woman to win an unshared Nobel Prize in Physiology or
Medicine.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了芭芭拉·麦克林托克
的经历，她是二十世纪影响力最大的科学家之一，在基因和染色体
方面有重大发现并获得诺贝尔奖。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了芭芭拉·麦克林托克
的经历，她是二十世纪影响力最大的科学家之一，在基因和染色体
方面有重大发现并获得诺贝尔奖。
5. When did McClintock get a doctorate？（　　）
A. In 1921. B. In 1923.
C. In 1925. D. In 1927.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段中的She completed a master’s
degree in 1925.Two years later， she finished all her requirements for a
doctorate.可知，麦克林托克于1927年获得博士学位。
6. In the middle of the Great Depression in the US， 　　　　.（　　）
A. male geneticists were in great demand
B. young scientists might have trouble finding a job
C. female geneticists were not in demand at all
D. male scientists lost their jobs and were out of work
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第五段中的The 1930s was not a
good time to be a young scientist ... But female geneticists
were not much in demand.可推知，年轻的科学家在经济大萧条
时期很难找到工作。
7. Which of the following jobs was beneficial to McClintock’s
research？（　　）
A. A job as a botany teacher.
B. A temporary job in the genetics department.
C. A permanent position in the laboratory.
D. A job on cancer.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的A short time later，
she accepted a permanent position ...to teach or repeatedly ask for
financial aid.可知，在实验室长期工作对她的研究是有利的。
8. Why was McClintock awarded a Nobel Prize？（　　）
A. Because she received a degree in genetics.
B. Because she contributed to genetic engineering and cancer research.
C. Because she made important discoveries about genes and
chromosomes.
D. Because she was the first American woman who studied genes and
chromosomes.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的McClintock won the
Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1983 for her discovery of the
ability of genes to change positions on chromosomes.可知，由于她在
基因与染色体方面的发现，她获得了诺贝尔奖。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　I have invented robots that crawl （爬） through pipes to check them
for damage.Two of my 　9　 allow cars to be used as power plants on
wheels.My love of building things 　10　 when I was a kid.It wasn’t
until I learned about Thomas Edison， though， that I really became
excited about inventing.
　　When I was in the fourth grade， our teacher gave us a 　11　 .We
had to write to a company and learn about the 　12　 it made.Each
student would then give a report in front of the class.I 　13　 the Thomas
A. Edison Company.
　　Soon after I wrote to the company， our mailman 　14　 a package
to me.It contained a book about the life of Thomas Edison.How I 　15　
reading and rereading about his inventions！ The ones that impressed me
most were movies， recorded sound and the electric light.Edison became
my hero.
　　My dad noticed my interest in invention and 　16　 me.He showed
me how to turn my ideas into plans and， finally into new things.
　　Together， my dad and I repaired radios and televisions.Once， I
surprised my dad with a 　17　 I made to adjust the brakes （刹车） of
our car.Later， we found a similar tool in a store.That’s when I learned
that 　18　 inventors often invent similar things.It is not 　19　 for this
to happen.I learned， too， that not all great ideas work. 　20　 is a
common part of the invention process.
　　As my father and I worked together， I began to 　21　 that my dad
was quite an inventor himself.His guiding hands， combined with
my 　22　 in invention， led me to become an engineer and inventor.But
I am 　23　 to Thomas Edison， too， for first lighting that bulb （电灯
泡） inside me.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小对发明感兴趣，通过做学
习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助
下，他最终成为一个发明家。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者从小对发明感兴趣，通过做学
习课题任务，他更加热爱发明和崇拜爱迪生。在爸爸的影响和帮助
下，他最终成为一个发明家。
9. A. approaches B. experiments
C. inventions D. conclusions
解析： 根据第一句中的have invented robots及下文内容可以看
出，此处意为“我的两项发明”。
10. A. died B. began C. faded D. won
解析： 　根据空后的when I was a kid可知，作者从孩童时起就爱
建造东西。
11. A. project B. lesson
C. surprise D. present
解析： 　根据下文可知，这是老师分配给学生做的课题。
12. A. decisions B. products
C. orders D. accounts
解析： 　根据语境可知，此处指了解公司产品。
13. A. joined B. owned
C. started D. chose
解析： 　根据本段内容可知，作者要了解公司产品，然后在班
级里作报告，因此作者选择了Thomas A. Edison这家公司。
14. A. opened B. offered
C. delivered D. lent
解析： 　根据空前mailman可知，此处指“邮递员派送包裹”。
15. A. enjoyed B. minded
C. avoided D. hated
解析： 　作者非常崇拜爱迪生，因此喜欢阅读有关爱迪生的发
明的书。
16. A. stopped B. blamed
C. controlled D. encouraged
解析： 　根据下文He showed me how to turn my ideas into plans
and， finally into new things.可推知，爸爸鼓励作者继续发明。
17. A. tool B. promise
C. mistake D. trick
解析： 　根据下文Later， we found a similar tool in a store.可
知，作者他们在商店发现了类似的工具，因此此处指“工具”。
18. A. young B. different C. great D. real
解析： 　那时作者才知道，不同的发明家经常发明类似的东
西。
19. A. reasonable B. improper
C. practical D. unusual
解析： 　作者在学习发明的过程中了解到，不同的发明家会发
明类似的东西，这种情况很常见。
20. A. Imagination B. Failure
C. Happiness D. Wealth
解析： 　根据上文I learned， too， that not all great ideas work.
可知，不是所有的很棒的想法都能实现，因此失败是发明过程中
常有的事。
21. A. hope B. suggest
C. realise D. consider
解析： 　当父亲和作者一起工作时，他开始意识到父亲自己也
是一个发明家。
22. A. honor B. difficulty
C. experience D. interest
解析： 根据文章开头的讲述可知，作者从小就对发明感兴趣。
23. A. grateful B. polite
C. related D. equal
解析： 　但作者也很感谢托马斯·爱迪生，因为是他第一次点燃
了作者内心的那只电灯泡。
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　As the old Chinese saying goes， “Humanity’s most fundamental
relationship is with what we eat.” Although food 24. 　　　　　　
（consider） an important part in Chinese culture for years， hunger
remained a huge problem in the country until the 1970s.
　　However， 25. 　　　　　　 Chinese scientist Yuan Longping
helped get this problem fixed.Yuan devoted all his life to
26. 　　　　　　 （develop） hybrid rice varieties， which now account
for about two 27. 　　　　　　 （three） of China’s rice crops.So，
it’s no wonder 28. 　　　　　　 he’s known as the “Father of Hybrid
Rice”.And thanks to China’s Belt and Road Initiative， Yuan’s
hybrid rice is now 29. 　　　　　　 （access） to people around the
world， and helps solve food problems 30. 　　　　　 （globe）.
　　In spite of his great knowledge， Yuan understood that even the
31. 　　　　　　 （wise） people should still be open
32. 　　　　　　 learning new things.“The farmers of our country
possess rich experience in planting rice and I learn from them，” he once
said.“The honor actually 33. 　　　　　　 （belong） to them.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国“杂交水稻之父”
袁隆平的相关事迹。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了中国“杂交水稻之父”
袁隆平的相关事迹。
24. is considered/has been considered　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓
一致。分析句子结构可知，“食物是中国文化重要的组成部分”是一
般事实，因此使用一般现在时，另根据句中for years和until the 1970s
可知，该句也可使用现在完成时。主语food和consider之间是动宾关
系，因此需使用被动语态。故填is considered或has been considered。
25. the　考查冠词。设空处特指中国科学家袁隆平。故填the。
26. developing　考查非谓语动词。devote ...to doing sth意为“致力
于做某事；奉献于做某事”。故填developing。
27. thirds　考查序数词。表达分数时，分母需使用序数词，且分子大
于1时，序数词要用复数形式。故填thirds。
28. that　考查名词性从句。it is no wonder that ...意为“难
怪……”，it在句中作形式主语，that引导的从句为真正的主语。故填
that。
29. accessible　考查形容词。设空处在句中作表语应用形容词。故填
accessible。
30. globally　考查副词。设空处在句中作状语应用副词。故填
globally。
31. wisest　考查形容词的最高级。定冠词the后接形容词最高级。故
填wisest。
32. to　考查介词。be open to doing sth“对……保持开放态度”。故
填to。
33. belongs　考查动词的时态和主谓一致。该句陈述一般事实，且主
语是不可数名词，谓语应使用一般现在时的单数形式。故填belongs。(共9张PPT)
UNIT 3　The world of science
在公共场所使用无线网络可能会泄
露我们的个人信息，本文告诉我们应该如何避免这方面的风险。
　　Public Wi-Fi exists almost everywhere， from coffee shops to the
hotels and airports you visit while travelling.Wi-Fi has made our lives
easier， but it also carries security risks to the personal information we
store on our laptops and smartphones.
　　There are basically two kinds of public Wi-Fi networks： the secured
and unsecured.An unsecured network can be connected to without any
type of security feature like a password.And a secured network generally
requires users to agree to certain legal terms， register an account， or
type in a password before they connect to the network.It may also require
a fee to gain access to the network.
　　Now let’s look at some dos and don’ts when we are using public
Wi-Fi.
　　Do connect to secured public networks if necessary.In the event that
you’re unable to connect to a secured network， using an unsecured
network is allowable temporarily if the connection requires some sort of
registration.
　　Don’t access personal bank accounts or sensitive personal data on
unsecured public networks.Even secured networks can be risky.Use your
best judgement if you must access these accounts through public Wi-Fi.
　　Don’t leave your laptop or smartphone unattended in a public
place.Even if you’re working on a secured Wi-Fi network， that won’t
stop someone from taking your things or looking at your devices.
　　Don’t shop online when using public Wi-Fi.Shopping online
requires personal information like bank accounts.So shopping isn’t
something you are supposed to do on an unsecured Wi-Fi network.
　　Do turn off automatic connectivity.Most smartphones and laptops
have automatic connectivity settings， which allow you to connect from
one hotspot to the next easily.This is a convenient feature， but it can also
connect your devices to networks you ordinarily would not use.To be on
the safe side， keep these settings off， especially when you’re
travelling in unfamiliar places.
【理解】
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？

2. What does the author advise us to do when we’re using public Wi-
Fi？
①
②
③
The two basic kinds of public Wi-Fi networks.
Avoid shopping online.
Keep personal information hidden well.
Stop someone from looking at our devices.
【积累】
1. security n. 安全
2. basically adv. 基本上，大体上
3. register vt. 登记，注册
4. account n. 账户
5. unattended adj. 无人看管的
6. automatic adj. 自动的(共55张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　
Writing an experiment report
目 录
2
演练佳作·写美文
1
细品课文·学手法
3
教材词汇·练续写
4
课时检测·提能力
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
1
Step 1　品教材范文
　　The experiment is designed to prove whether air pressure really
exists.
　　At the beginning of the experiment， I prepared the materials，
including a boiled egg， a glass bottle whose neck is a bit smaller than the
egg and some hot water.With all the things prepared， the experiment
began.
　　First， I removed the shell of the egg.Then， I carefully poured
some hot water into the bottle， and shook the bottle gently.After a few
minutes， I poured out the hot water.Just at the same time， I quickly
placed the egg on top of the bottle.To my amazement， the egg squeezed
into the bottle at once.
After the experiment， I can draw the conclusion that air pressure
indeed exists， and it is very powerful.It is the force of the air that pushed
the egg into the bottle.
Step 2　析写作手法
学语言：
1. 使用动词短语be designed to，表明了实验目的。
2. 使用介词including，列举了实验所准备的材料。
3. 使用with复合结构，对做实验前的准备工作做了总结。
4. 使用first， then， after a few minutes， just at the same time，使实验
步骤一目了然。
5. 使用强调句，突出实验所得出的结论。
学结构：
Introduction：introduce the aim of the experiment.→Main body：
describe the materials used in the experiment and explain the
procedure.→Conclusion：report the results and what you have learnt.
Step 3　背出彩佳句
1. 描写实验目的
（1）...carry out an experiment to find out ...
（2）The aim of the experiment is to find ...
（3）...with the purpose of discovering ...
2. 描写实验器材
（1）To carry out/do/perform the experiment， you need ...
（2）The following things are needed ...
（3）The following apparatus is used ...
3. 描写实验方法或步骤
（1）...make good preparations for ...
（2）It is important that ...
（3）...do the experiment as follows.
（firstly， secondly， thirdly， finally； first， then， next，
after that， two hours’ later； after several days）
（4）find a better way of doing ...
（5）...make a good study of ...
4. 描写实验结果和结论
（1）From this experiment we can conclude ...
（2）...draw/come to the conclusion that ...
（3）We can learn from the experiment that ...
（4）We can find out that ...
（5）You can see/discover ...
（6）In conclusion ...
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
2
　　假定你是李华，请你根据下面表格中的内容写一篇实验报告。
实验目的 查明铝（aluminium）在空气中加热后重量是否会发生变化
实验器材 铝片，本生灯（Bunsen burner），天平，坩埚
（crucible），坩埚钳（tongs）
实验步骤 1.把铝片放在坩埚里，然后放在天平上称重；
2.点燃本生灯，将盛有铝片的坩埚移到本生灯上，加热三分钟；
3.再称坩埚和铝片的重量
实验结果 比加热前略重些
实验结论 铝在空气中加热后，重量会发生变化
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁 实验报告
确定时态
和人称 一般过去时为主；第三人称为主
布局文章
架构 第一段：实验的目的和器材；
第二段：实验步骤；
第三段：实验结果和结论
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 我们今天做了一个实验。实验的目的是找出铝加热后重量是否
有变化。


Today we carried out an experiment.Its aim was to find out if there is a
change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2. 为了进行实验，我们准备了以下器材：铝片、本生灯、天平、坩埚
和坩埚钳。



3. 步骤如下。

4. 首先，我们把一片铝放在坩埚里。

To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment：
pieces of aluminium，a Bunsen burner，a balance，a crucible and a
pair of tongs.
The stages were as follows.
First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.
5. 然后我们把坩埚放在天平上称了称。

6. 在那之后，我们把盛着铝的坩埚放在本生灯火焰上。


7. 最后，我们把坩埚和里面的铝放在天平上，再称一称。


8. 我们发现它比之前重了一点。

Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.
After that， we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen
burner’s flame.
Finally， we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance
and weighed it again.
We found it weighed a little more than before.
9. 实验过后，我们得出结论：铝加热时重量有变化。


After the experiment， we drew a conclusion：There is a change in
weight after aluminium is heated.
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1. 用定语从句改写要点1。


2. 用同位语从句改写要点9。


Today we carried out an experiment，whose aim was to find out if
there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in
weight after aluminium is heated.
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
　　




　　 　Today we carried out an experiment， whose aim was to find out if
there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.To carry out the
experiment，we prepared the following equipment：pieces of
aluminium， a Bunsen burner， a balance， a crucible and a pair of
tongs.　
　　





　　

　　 　The stages were as follows.First， we put a piece of aluminium in
the crucible.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed
it.Next，we lighted the Bunsen burner.After that，we held the crucible
with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.Finally，we put the
crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.We
found it weighed a little more than before.　
　　 　After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change
in weight after aluminium is heated.　
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
3
人物 描写 capable adj.有能力的
never say never 别轻易说决不
brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的
biologist n.生物学家
动作 描写 shoot v.射出（光线等），放射；拍摄
injure v.使受伤，弄伤
环境 描写 species n.物种
battery n.电池
compass n.指南针，罗盘
flash n.闪光
stuff n.东西，物品
一、翻译句子
1. 生物学家蒂姆对在森林中发现的稀有物种感到兴奋和惊讶，他沉浸
在拍摄它们的照片中。


2. 当他的手机电池没电时，他才意识到自己在森林中迷路了。


Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest，Tim，a
biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.
It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was
lost in the forest.
3. 没有指南针和地图，他以为自己不能走出去。


4. 他被绊倒了，弄伤了腿。

5. 经过无数次的尝试和失败，他看到了主干道上的闪光。


6. 在那一刻，他激动得无法形容。

Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking
out.
He tripped and injured his leg.
After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main
road.
At that moment， he was excited beyond description.
7. 他自言自语地说：“为了求生带足物品是很重要的。”
“

It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to
himself.　
二、连句成篇
　　







　　 　Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest，
Tim， a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.It was
when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the
forest.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of
walking out.He tripped and injured his leg.After numerous attempts and
failures，he saw the flash on the main road.At that moment，he was
excited beyond description.“It was significant to take enough stuff for
survival，” he said to himself.　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Born in 1918， in the little town of White Sulphur Springs， West
Virginia， Katherine Johnson was simply attracted by numbers.As a
child， she counted everything.She counted the steps to the road， the
steps up to the church， the number of dishes she washed ...By the time
she was 10 years old， she was a high school freshman， which was truly
amazing in a time when school for African-Americans normally stopped at
eighth grade.To fulfil her maths potential， her father drove his family
120 miles to Institute， West Virginia， where blacks could continue high
school education.Johnson’s excellent performance proved her father’s
decision was the right one：Katherine skipped grades （跳级） to
graduate from high school at 14 and from college at 18.
　　In 1953， after years as a teacher and later as a stay-at-home mum，
she began working for NASA， which began hiring women to measure
and calculate the results of wind tunnel （风洞） tests in 1935.In a time
before the electronic computers， these women were called the
“computer”.Even after NASA began using electronic computers， the
astronaut John Glenn requested that Katherine should personally recheck
the calculations made by the new electronic computers before his flight.
　　She continued to work at NASA until 1986.Her calculations proved
momentous to the success of the Apollo moon-landing programme and the
United States’ journey into space.Her story was the basis for the 2016
film Hidden Figures.
　　Katherine Johnson， a great mathematician， physicist， space
scientist and the last “computer” that wore skirts， passed away on 24
February 2020.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学
家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约
翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故
事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了伟大的数学家、物理学
家、太空科学家和被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约
翰逊凭借自己的数学天赋为美国国家航空航天局作出重要贡献的故
事。
1. What can be learnt from Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. Katherine left high school at eighth grade.
B. Katherine was gifted in maths as a child.
C. Katherine was required to count in her childhood.
D. African-Americans had a good education in the 1920s.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的As a child， she counted
everything.和To fulfil her maths potential可知，凯瑟琳从小就有数学
天赋。
2. How long did Katherine work at NASA？（　　）
A. For 18 years. B. For 33 years.
C. For 51 years. D. For 81 years.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的In 1953 ...she began
working for NASA及第三段中的She continued to work at NASA until
1986.可知，1953年她开始为美国国家航空航天局工作，直至1986
年结束，一共是33年。
3. Which best explains the underlined word “momentous” in Paragraph
3？（　　）
A. Important. B. Successful.
C. Dangerous. D. Harmful.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第二段最后一句可知，即使在使用电
子计算机之后，宇航员约翰·格伦也要求凯瑟琳亲自进行再次核
对。由此可知，她的计算结果非常有价值。因此她的计算对阿波罗
登月计划的成功和美国的太空之旅至关重要。
4. What’s the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Scientists at NASA
B. Katherine Johnson’s Education
C. A Great Mathematician’s Decision
D. Katherine Johnson， a Computer That Wore Skirts
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文按照时间线索，讲述
了被称为“最后一台穿裙子的计算机”的凯瑟琳·约翰逊每个阶段
的优异表现和主要事迹，全文主要讲述她凭借自己的数学天赋为美
国国家航空航天局作出的重要贡献。因此D项为本文最佳标题。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　A 13-year-old girl from Connecticut came up with a smart idea and
brightened the days of hundreds of sick kids.
　　 　5　 to see her dear sister lying on the hospital bed three months
ago， Ella Casano 　6　 the Medi Teddy， a stuffed animal bag that
contains an IV pocket （静脉注射袋） .The back of the 　7　 consists of
a net， allowing a doctor or nurse to see through and check on the
liquid 　8　 that a child is receiving.From the front， the child sees
a 　9　 face instead of the IV liquid pocket.
　　At the beginning， Ella hoped to 　10　 5，000 through a
GoFundMe page， which would have allowed her to start producing 500
Medi Teddys， the smallest number 　11　 by the manufacturer （厂
家） to do the job. 　12　， in just over a week， Ella’s page collected
more than 20，000.Although her sister recovered soon， Ella was
amazed by the unexpected level of 　13　 and decided to work harder.
　　She shared with a local newspaper， “It turns out kids aren’t the
only ones who get 　14　 by the Medi Teddy.The 　15　 for it has been
quite obvious among patients， both children and adults， and even pet
owners nationwide.We want to continue to 　16　 Medi Teddys to as
many children as we can to make a 　17　 in their lives.”
　　The same motivation has also 　18　 Ella’s mum.“It’s really
been heart-warming to receive such 　19　 emails from all over the
world，” she said.“And it’s inspiring me to contribute to the
process.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为
“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋，受到了生病孩
子们的欢迎。
5. A. Sad B. Nervous
C. Angry D. Surprised
解析： 　埃拉·卡萨诺看到自己亲爱的妹妹躺在医院的病床上，肯
定心里很难过。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。13岁的埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为
“美迪泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋，受到了生病孩
子们的欢迎。
6. A. bought B. created C. found D. filled
解析： 　根据文章首段可知，埃拉·卡萨诺发明了一款名为“美迪
泰迪熊”的毛绒玩具袋，里面有一个输液袋。
7. A. basket B. bed C. window D. bag
解析： 　根据语境可知，输液袋的背面有一个网兜。
8. A. medicine B. sugar C. juice D. food
解析： 　根据常识可知，输液袋里面是药物。
9. A. serious B. strange
C. friendly D. common
解析： 　根据下文instead of the IV liquid pocket可知，孩子看到的
是“美迪泰迪熊”友善的脸。
10. A. earn B. raise
C. exchange D. donate
解析： 　根据下文in just over a week， Ella’s page collected
more than 20，000可知，埃拉希望通过GoFundMe页面筹集5，
000美元，用来生产“美迪泰迪熊”。
11. A. changed B. collected
C. required D. reduced
解析： 　根据下文by the manufacturer （厂家） to do the job可
知，厂家要求生产的最小数量是500。
12. A. Besides B. Anyway
C. Therefore D. However
解析： 　根据下文in just over a week， Ella’s page collected
more than 20，000可知，埃拉希望筹集5，000美元，仅仅一周多
的时间，埃拉就筹集了20，000多美元。前后语义为转折关系。
13. A. response B. competition
C. treatment D. performance
解析： 　根据下文and decided to work harder可知，埃拉对“美
迪泰迪熊”出乎意料的受欢迎感到惊讶，这是人们对“美迪泰迪
熊”的反应。
14. A. surrounded B. comforted
C. accepted D. connected
解析： 　根据下文by the Medi Teddy可知，孩子们可以从“美迪
泰迪熊”那里得到安慰。
15. A. design B. reason C. need D. test
解析： 　根据上文It turns out kids aren’t the only ones who
get 　14　 by the Medi Teddy.可知，对“美迪泰迪熊”的需
求很大。
16. A. leave behind B. show off
C. hand in D. give away
解析： 　根据下文to as many children as we can to make a 　17　
in their lives可知，埃拉想继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪
熊”。
17. A. difference B. plan
C. deal D. decision
解析： 根据上文We want to continue to 　16　 Medi Teddys可
知，埃拉会继续向尽可能多的孩子赠送“美迪泰迪熊”，对他们
的生活产生影响。
18. A. educated B. trained
C. advised D. impacted
解析： 　根据下文she said.“And it’s inspiring me to contribute
to the process.”可知，埃拉的动机也影响了妈妈。
19. A. private B. formal
C. supportive D. humorous
解析： 　根据语境可知，埃拉妈妈收到来自世界各地支持的
邮件。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　It’s a great pity that I had not put forth the amount of effort
required. I had spent too much time playing with my friends instead of
improving myself. I had let down my teacher， who was the kindest，
sweetest， and prettiest one I had ever known. She laughed often， and
never threatened any of us， yet she was able to “read” the children，
control the class， and teach effectively. Miss Pratt put a lot of herself
into her work. Every day near the close of school， she would read to
us， or even better， tell us stories about when she was a little girl. Most
importantly， she made us feel that she cared about us and that we were
important.
　　Because of a serious car accident when I was three and a half years
old， I had a scar （伤疤） below my nose that was the result of a torn
upper lip. Everything else had healed up without any after effects
physically， but my emotions remained scarred. Meanwhile， having
been called “Chief Running Nose” and “Scarface” by many
children， my confidence had suffered. Although my parents and relatives
referred to me as pretty， I did not see myself that way.
　　Focusing on my scar， I could not appreciate any redeeming features
（可取之处）. At the end of one school day， I remained in my
classroom， waiting for the arrival of my mother， who was coming to
take me to an appointment close to the school. Miss Pratt sat at her desk
with a fellow teacher and chatted.
　　I glanced at the clock and realized it was time to get ready to leave. I
put on my wool coat and hat. The teachers looked at my clothes and
seemed to admire it. I was able to read their lips a little and my ears
perked up to hear， “Who is she？ She is really cute.” My teacher Miss
Pratt answered， “I agree. Bernice is quite pretty.”
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　“Pretty” caught my attention since it was almost my favourite
word. 　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　About two months later， the final exam result was announced and
I got the first place. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　“Pretty” caught my attention since it was almost my favourite
word. At that moment， I felt myself surrounded with a lot of warmth and
love. I knew teachers would never lie. It was Miss Pratt who brought a lot
of confidence to me. From that moment on， I made the decision to be
one of the top students in my class to improve myself. Whatever it took
and no matter how much time I would spend， I would try my best to
succeed.
　　About two months later， the final exam result was announced and I
got the first place. The moment Miss Pratt finished the announcement，
the whole class cheered and clapped for me. For the first time I felt truly
good about myself and I knew I had been motivated by Miss Pratt’s
praise. This might not have occurred if I had not heard those kind words.
Thank you so much， Miss Pratt！ What a great difference you have
made！ I am determined to be a caring teacher like you！(共96张PPT)
单元质量检测（三）　The world of science
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. Where are the speakers？（　　）
A. In a library.
B. In a study.
C. In a bookstore.
2. Who is the woman probably？（　　）
A. A bus driver.
B. A policewoman.
C. A passenger.
3. What did the speakers do last weekend？（　　）
A. They studied at home.
B. They went hiking.
C. They played tennis.
4. According to the man， how should the woman book her tickets？
（　　）
A. Use any travel website.
B. Go to the ticket office.
C. Call a travel agency.
5. How long will it take to go to the airport？（　　）
A. Half an hour.
B. One hour.
C. Two hours.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. Where does the conversation probably take place？（　　）
A. At an airport.
B. At home.
C. At a restaurant.
7. What is the man dissatisfied with about the flight？（　　）
A. The service. B. The movie. C. The food.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. What does Sarah want to know？（　　）
A. Central Park.
B. Something about the bus trip.
C. Sunny Beach.
9. Where will the speakers leave for tomorrow afternoon？（　　）
A. Central Park.
B. Sunny Beach.
C. Sea World.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. How many tires does the woman suggest the man replace？（　　）
A. One. B. Two. C. Three.
11. What will the man do for his car in about six months？（　　）
A. Get the brakes fixed.
B. Get the rest of the tires replaced.
C. Get the left headlight checked out.
12. How much will the man pay at last？（　　）
A. About $300.
B. About $500.
C. About $1，000.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. What are the two speakers mainly talking about？（　　）
A. School ranking.
B. Moving to a new place.
C. Choosing a school for kids.
14. Where is probably the information of the schools from？（　　）
A. Weymouth High School.
B. The man’s workplace.
C. The offices of the schools.
15. Which are private schools？（　　）
A. Carlton Abbey and St Mary’s.
B. St Mary’s and Weymouth High School.
C. Carlton Abbey and Weymouth High School.
16. Which school has the highest university admission rate？（　　）
A. Weymouth High School.
B. Carlton Abbey.
C. St Mary’s.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. What does the speaker think of the weekend？（　　）
A. It’s beneficial.
B. It’s exciting.
C. It’s interesting.
18. Why was the speaker anxious at first？（　　）
A. He went to bed too late.
B. He was addicted to the screen.
C. He was always thinking of texting messages.
19. How long was the speaker free from his phone at the camp？（　　）
A. One day. B. Two days. C. Three days.
20. What does the speaker mainly talk about？（　　）
A. A healthy lifestyle.
B. A busy weekend.
C. A free village life.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Excuse me. Have you got any books on engineering？ I’ve looked
for them everywhere， but I can’t find any.
W：I’m not sure if we’ve got any now. Books of that kind are on this
shelf ... Well， I’m afraid we’ve sold out of them.
（Text 2）
W：Stand back from the door， please. Let the passengers off. You
can’t get on until the other passengers get off.
M：How much is the fare， please？
（Text 3）
M：Let’s do something outdoors today.
W：All right. But I don’t want to play tennis. We played tennis last
weekend. Let’s go hiking.
（Text 4）
M：What are you doing with that phone book？
W：I need to fly to Atlanta for a couple of days. My boss told me to make
the arrangements， and he’ll pay me back. I’m looking for a travel
agency.
M：Honestly， travel websites all offer much more competitive prices.
（Text 5）
W：What time does your plane leave？
M：It leaves at 12：15. And I have to get to the airport two hours early.
W：That means we have to leave the house at 9：15. There’s half an
hour before we start off.
（Text 6）
W：Hi， Peter！
M：Hi， Cindy！
W：Great to see you again！ Welcome to London！
M：Thanks. It’s great to be here finally.
W：So， how are you？ How was your journey？
M：Well， the flight was forty-five minutes late but after that， it was
fine. Its service was very good. The in-flight movies were really cool but
there wasn’t much food， so I’m kind of hungry now！
W：Oh， you poor thing！ Well， it will be a long drive home， so why
don’t we get some breakfast around here first？ Look， there’s a
restaurant over there.
（Text 7）
M：Hello！ This is Tom.
W：Hello！ Tom， this is Sarah. Are you going on the bus trip to Central
Park tomorrow？
M：Yes. What’s up？
W：Well， I wasn’t at school yesterday and I need some information.
M：What do you want to know？
W：When does the bus leave？
M：At 8：00. But we have to be at school by 7：45.
W：OK. When will we get to Central Park？
M：Well， it’s about an hour’s drive， so we’ll be there at around
9：00. We’ll have lunch at 11：30.
W：And when will we have to come back？
M：We will leave Central Park at 2：00 for Sunny Beach on the way
back. We’ll get back to school at around 6：00.
W：Sounds like an interesting day. See you tomorrow morning.
（Text 8）
W：Thanks for bringing your car in. It looks like it needs some new
brakes. Were you aware that your brakes weren’t working properly？
M：Not really. They seemed fine to me.
W：Well， we’re going to fix them for you. Three of your tires are also
looking worn out. Would you like to replace them？
M：How much will that cost？
W：One hundred dollars per tire.
M：Which two are the worst？
W：The back two.
M：Okay， just replace those ones， please.
W：And last， your right front headlight is out. We’ll fix that for you as
well.
M：What will the total cost be？
W：Let’s see.Your total will be one thousand dollars and fifty cents.
M：One thousand dollars？ That’s quite a bit. Maybe you should just
replace the worst tire. And is fixing the brakes really necessary？
W：Yes， but you can probably go another six months. By then， you
will really need to fix them， though.
M：Okay， I’ll do that.
W：Your new total is five hundred dollars and twenty cents.
M：Here’s my credit card. Owning a car can be really expensive！
（Text 9）
W：Well， before we decide we’re going to live in Weymouth， we
ought to have a look at the schools. The kids’ education is really
important.
M：I looked for some information at my office， and I took notes. There
are three middle schools in Weymouth： one state school and two private
schools.
W：How big are they？
M：Weymouth High School is the biggest， about 1，000 pupils. Their
classes are big， too. They have an average of thirty pupils to a class.
W：That’s a lot. I expect the private have less.
M：Yes， there are about 200 students at Carlton Abbey and 150 at St
Mary’s.They only have about twenty students to each class.
W：How many children go on to university every year in each school？
M：Well. Weymouth High School is very good， 50 percent of whose
pupils go on to university ... and Carlton Abbey even better， 70
percent. St Mary’s is not so good， only 8 percent.
W：Well， they certainly seem like quite good schools. But we’ll have
to find out more before we can decide.
（Text 10）
M：Good afternoon， everyone！ It’s my pleasure to share with you
my colourful weekend.
I used to live a life in my screen and hardly noticed what was around me.
I was always checking the time and thinking of “who’s going to text me
now？” My bedtime routine was usually centered on one thing — my
mobile phone. I looked through news websites and checked my emails.
When I woke up at midnight， I did the same thing. The problem with me
was that I felt anxious every night.
So when my friends invited me to the weekend camping without cell
service in the village， I thought this was exactly what I needed. Keeping
away from my phone for 48 hours changed my way of life. Without my
phone， I fell asleep listening to the songs of frogs and insects. In the
morning， I woke up energetically. Sitting by the river， riding a bike，
or singing old songs， I truly enjoyed what I was doing. I felt free without
my phone at the weekend camp， which changed me completely. I
listened to what my body wanted instead of what my phone was telling me
to do.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
Easy Chemistry Experiments to Do at Home
　　Not all science requires labs. You can explore the fun of science in
your own kitchen. Here are some science experiments and projects you
can do that use common kitchen chemicals.
　　Click through the images for a collection of easy kitchen science
experiments.
　　Explore the science of bubbles and pressure using Mentos candies and
a bottle of soda. As the candies dissolve in soda， the tiny pits formed on
their surface allow carbon dioxide bubbles to grow. The process occurs
quickly， producing a sudden burst of foam from the narrow neck of the
bottle.
　　Experiment materials： Mentos candies， soda.
　　Baking soda and vinegar volcano kitchen experiment
　　You can get a volcanic eruption using kitchen chemicals.
　　Mentos and diet soda fountain
　　Experiment materials： baking soda， vinegar， water， food
colouring.
　　Make water fireworks in a glass from water and dye （染料）
　　Don’t worry — there is no explosion or danger in this project！ The
“fireworks” take place in a glass of water.
　　Experiment materials： water， oil， food colouring.
　　
Make hot ice using vinegar and baking soda
　　You can make “hot ice” at home using baking soda and vinegar.
The reaction creates heat， so the ice is hot. It happens so quickly. You
can form crystal towers as you pour the liquid into a dish.
　　Experiment materials： vinegar， baking soda.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以在家中操
作的简易有趣的化学实验。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个可以在家中操
作的简易有趣的化学实验。
21. Which experiment needs sweets？（　　）
A. Mentos and diet soda fountain.
B. Baking soda and vinegar volcano.
C. Make water fireworks in a glass.
D. Make hot ice using vinegar and baking soda.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据Mentos and diet soda fountain部分
中的Experiment materials： Mentos candies， soda.可知，Mentos
and diet soda fountain这个实验需要糖果。
22. What do the four experiments have in common？（　　）
A. They all need soda.
B. They all are dangerous.
C. They all can bring you joy.
D. They all must be done in the kitchen.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的You can explore the fun of
science in your own kitchen.可知，这四个实验的共同之处是它们
都能给你带来快乐。
23. Where is the passage taken from？（　　）
A. A newspaper. B. A website.
C. A magazine. D. A textbook.
解析： 　文章出处题。根据第二段中的Click through the images
for a collection of easy kitchen science experiments.可知，本文应该
是来自网站。
B
　　Joseph Frederick Engelberger， the Father of Robotics， was born on
26 July 1925. He received his degree in Electric Engineering in 1949 from
Columbia University. He worked as an engineer in a company and then he
met George Devol at a party in 1956， two years after Devol had designed
and patented （获得专利权） an industrial robotic arm. However， the
company where Engelberger worked was closed in the year he met Devol.
　　Finding himself jobless but with a business partner and an idea，
Engelberger co-founded Unimation with Devol， creating the world’s
first robotics company. Over the next two decades， the Japanese took the
lead by investing heavily in robots to replace people performing certain
tasks. In Japan， Engelberger was widely recognized as a key player in
Japanese manufacturing quality and efficiency.
　　After observing his aging parents， Engelberger saw the robotics
automation could be used in the medical field. In 1984， Engelberger
introduced HelpMate and hoped to start a new industry for in-home
robots. He sold his first HelpMate to Danbury Hospital in 1988. The
medical robot was so successful that the hospital ended up purchasing
another， and within a decade， well over 100 hospitals worldwide
operated HelpMates.
　　Senator Joseph Lieberman delivered a speech in the US Senate in
praise and recognition of the inventor， calling HelpMate an example that
shows the federal investment in science and technology for patients can
lead to new products that create jobs for Americans and make for a better
quality of life.
　　Engelberger liked working. So even after he got into his 80s， he
remained active in the promotion and development of robots for use in
elder care.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了机器人之父Joseph
Frederick Engelberger的生平事迹和发明创造的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了机器人之父Joseph
Frederick Engelberger的生平事迹和发明创造的故事。
24. What happened to Engelberger in 1956？（　　）
A. He got his college degree.
B. He was unemployed.
C. He invented a robotic arm.
D. He sold his company.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段第三句和最后一句可知，
1956年Engelberger失业了。
25. How did the Japanese treat Engelberger？（　　）
A. With alarm. B. With concern.
C. With respect. D. With indifference.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句推知，日本人对
Engelberger很尊重。
26. What does Paragraph 3 talk about？（　　）
A. The origin of HelpMate.
B. The promotion of HelpMate.
C. The function of HelpMate.
D. The challenge in creating HelpMate.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要讲述了
HelpMate的初创。
27. What’s Lieberman’s attitude toward HelpMate？（　　）
A. Critical. B. Doubtful.
C. Objective. D. Favorable.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Lieberman对
HelpMate的态度是赞成的。
C
　　An American company has developed a new technique （技术） to
make bread stay fresh for 60 days.
　　Scientists found that a kind of mould （霉菌） caused bread to go
bad. The new technique kills the mould and keeps the food for longer
time. This means there will be less waste of food in the world in future.
　　Food waste is a big problem in most developed countries. In the
US， an average family throws away 40％ of the food they buy， which
adds up to $165bn every year， about 330 million tons in weight. Bread
takes a larger part. In the UK， 32％ of the bread they buy is thrown away
as waste when they can still be eaten.
　　The bread usually goes mouldy in around 10 days， but the American
company says the new technique will keep the bread free from mould for
two months.
　　“We treated a piece of bread in a special machine. At 60 days it had
the same amount of mould as it was first made，” says Mr Stull， the
leader of the company.
　　Although there are a lot of bread makers interested in the new
technique， few customers like the idea. They say they don’t think a
piece of bread which lasts for 60 days tastes good.
　　“We’ll have to make our customers accept the idea. But it will take
some time，” says Mr Stull.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一家公司发明的一
种新技术，这种新技术可以杀死让面包变质的霉菌，从而可以让面
包保鲜60天。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了美国一家公司发明的一
种新技术，这种新技术可以杀死让面包变质的霉菌，从而可以让面
包保鲜60天。
28. What is the key point of the new technique？（　　）
A. It can prevent the world from wasting food.
B. It kills the mould and keeps bread fresh for longer time.
C. It keeps the same amount of mould.
D. It makes bread taste good.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段和第三段内容可知，这种新
技术杀死使面包变质的霉菌，从而延长面包的保鲜期。
29. How much of the bread is wasted in the UK？（　　）
A. Nearly half. B. A quarter.
C. More than half. D. About one-third.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的In the UK， 32％ of the
bread they buy is thrown away as waste when they can still be eaten.
可知，在英国约三分之一的面包被浪费了。
30. What can we know from the passage？（　　）
A. Food waste can be reduced immediately with the new technique.
B. We will buy bread that can last longer.
C. Few customers are sure about the technique.
D. Poor countries are in great need of food.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段第一句可知，很少有消
费者对这项技术持肯定的态度。
31. What is mainly talked about in the passage？（　　）
A. A new technique has been invented to keep bread fresh longer.
B. There is great waste of food in developed countries.
C. There is a kind of mould that causes food to go bad.
D. Customers don’t like food that lasts for two months.
解析： 　主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了美国的
一项可以使面包保鲜更久的新技术。
D
　　Many people think that the world is about to step into the fourth
industrial revolution. This time， machines can do a lot of work in the
charge of human beings， even better than human beings. In the future，
the world can be more efficient， but unemployment will become more
common.
　　It raises a troubling question for all of us — when will a machine be
able to do my job？ There are no certain answers， but some of the
world’s top artificial intelligence （AI） researchers are trying to find
out.
　　Katja Grace， a research associate at the University of Oxford’s
Future of Humanity Institute， and her colleagues have surveyed 352
scientists and compiled （汇编） their answers into predictions about how
long it may take for machines to outperform humans on various tasks.
　　The good news is that many of us will probably be safe in our jobs for
some time to come. The researchers predict there is a 50％ chance that
machines will be capable of taking over all human jobs in 120 years.
　　“One of the biggest surprises was the overall lateness of the
predictions，” says Grace. “I have expected the amazing progress in
machine learning in recent years， plus the fact that we were only talking
to machine learning researchers， to make the estimates earlier.”
　　“I am a bit skeptical of some of the timelines given for tasks that
involve physical manipulation （操作），” says Jeremy Wyatt，
professor of robotics and AI at the University of Birmingham. “It is one
thing doing it in the lab， and quite another having a robot that can do a
job reliably in the real world better than a human.”
　　Manipulating physical objects in the real world， an environment that
changes randomly， is a complex job for a machine.
　　Perhaps the hardest jobs for machines to perform are those that take
years of training for humans to excel at.These often involve intuitive （凭
直觉的） decision making and abstract thinking — things that computers
have been struggling with.
　　The experts predict robots will not be taking over as surgeons （外科
医生） until around 2053， while it could take 43 years before machines
are competing with mathematicians for space in top academic journals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们对“什么时候
机器才能做我的工作？”的不同观点。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了人们对“什么时候
机器才能做我的工作？”的不同观点。
32. According to the passage， how might the fourth industrial revolution
impact the world？（　　）
A. The world will become more efficient.
B. Machines can do things better than humans.
C. Humans will not find jobs because of machines.
D. Machines can do things instead of human beings.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，第四次工业革命
将使世界变得更有效率。
33. How did the researchers find out the answer？（　　）
A. By giving examples.
B. By doing experiments.
C. By conducting surveys.
D. By making comparisons.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，研究人员是通过
调查来找到答案的。
34. According to Jeremy Wyatt， what makes certain tasks challenging for
machines in the real world？（　　）
A. The real word is full of challenges.
B. Manipulating physical objects is complex.
C. Machines can do better than humans in labs.
D. The randomly changed environment is too difficult for computers.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据倒数第三段Jeremy Wyatt的说法可
知，机器在现实世界中完成某些任务具有挑战性是因为随机变化
的环境对计算机来说太难了。
35. What does the underlined word “skeptical” in Paragraph 6 mean？
（　　）
A. Confused. B. Surprised.
C. Doubtful. D. Certain.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第六段中的It is one thing doing ...
better than a human.可知，此处表示Jeremy Wyatt对一些涉及物理
操作的任务给出的时间表有点怀疑。故可猜测画线单词skeptical
意为“怀疑的”。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　The twentieth century saw greater changes than any century before：
changes for the better， changes for the worse； changes that brought a lot
of benefits to human beings； changes that put man in danger. Many
things caused the changes. 36.（　　）
　　Scientific research in physics and biology has vastly broadened our
views. 37.（　　） It also has brought us a better understanding of the
nature of life and of its continuous development.Technology in the
application of science has made big advances that have benefited us in
nearly every part of life.
　　The continuation of such activities in the twenty-first century will
result in even greater advantages to human beings： in pure science — a
wider and deeper knowledge in all fields of learning； in applied
science — a more reasonable sharing of material benefits， and better
protection of the environment.
　　38. （　　） The creativity of science has been employed in doing
damage to mankind. The application of science and technology to the
development and production of weapons of mass destruction has created a
real danger to the continued existence of the human race on this planet.
39.（　　） Although their actual use has so far occurred only in the
Second World War， the number of nuclear weapons that were produced
and made ready for use was so large that if the weapons had actually been
used， the result could have been the ruin of the human race， as well as
of many kinds of animals.
　　William Shakespeare said， “The web of our life is of a mingled
yarn （纱线）， good and ill together.” The above brief review of the
application of only one part of human activities — science seems to prove
what Shakespeare said. But does it have to be so？ 40.（　　） Are we
biologically programmed for war？
A. What can we do to handle it？
B. Must the ill always go together with the good？
C. Sadly， however， there is another side to the picture.
D. We get a better understanding of the world around us.
E. We have seen this happen in the case of nuclear weapons.
F. However， in my opinion， the most important was the progress in
science.
G. It has given us a deeper knowledge of the structure of matter and of the
universe.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章从正反两方面论述了科技进步
的利弊。
36. F　空前一句指出导致变化的因素很多，F项（然而，在我看来，
最重要的是科学的进步）符合语境，与空前一句构成转折关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章从正反两方面论述了科技进步
的利弊。
37. G　空前一句提到物理学和生物学的科学研究拓宽了我们的视
野。G项（它使我们对物质和宇宙的结构有了更深的认识）承接上
文，说明这两门科学带来的影响，符合语境。
38. C　上文第二、三段介绍了科学进步带给人类的好处，空后一句
提到这种进步带来的危害，上下文之间是转折关系。C项（然而，令
人遗憾的是，事情还有另一面）符合语境。
39. E　空前一句提到科学和技术用于生产大规模毁灭性武器；E项
（我们在核武器问题上看到了这种情况）符合语境。
40. B　B项（恶总是与善相伴吗？）是疑问句，与空前后两句构成并
列关系，在文章结尾用三个问句进行灵魂拷问，引发读者的思考。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
　　Sandi Martin and her husband Mike foster （代养） cats through a
cat adoption team in Sherwood， Oregon.The couple 　41　 Lilly， a 3-
year-old cat， and felt a special connection to her.In December they made
the 　42　 to officially adopt her.
　　Sandi Martin said， “You’ve probably heard the term ‘foster
fail’.Well， I call that a foster success.”
　　Solidifying （巩固） the foster success was Lilly’s 　43　 act just
months later that saved her family from a dangerous gas leak （泄露） in
their home.
　　Sandi Martin said she was on the 　44　 playing with Lilly when the
cat kept getting distracted by a brass valve （黄铜阀门） next to their
fireplace.The cat had 　45　 it in the past and Sandi Martin thought it
was 　46　 by the shiny material.But when she kept smelling it， Sandi
Martin felt something was 　47　.
　　Sandi Martin said she then went over to smell the area and
smelled 　48　.
　　“It was very 　49　，” she said.“I wasn’t sure， so I asked my
husband to have a smell and he smelled it too.”
　　Mike Martin 　50　 called the gas company and a technician 　51　
at their house in minutes.The technician quickly 　52　 a gas leak in the
valve.He went outside and cut off the pipeline to the house.Sandi Martin
said the 　53　 could have been much worse without Lilly.
　　For Lilly’s heroic act， the Martins were sure to give her a 　54　.
　　Sandi Martin said， “She 　55　 it.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。马丁一家代养了一只三岁大的小
猫，谁知小猫的英勇行为使马丁一家免于一场危险的煤气泄漏事
故，这也让他们决定正式收养这只小猫。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。马丁一家代养了一只三岁大的小
猫，谁知小猫的英勇行为使马丁一家免于一场危险的煤气泄漏事
故，这也让他们决定正式收养这只小猫。
41. A. came across B. looked after
C. gave up D. competed with
解析： 　根据下文and felt a special connection to her可知，这对
夫妇遇到了一只三岁的小猫莉莉。
42. A. mistake B. decision C. call D. trip
解析： 　正式收养莉莉是他们作出的决定。
43. A. heroic B. foolish
C. creative D. willful
解析： 　根据下文saved her family from a dangerous gas leak （泄
露） in their home可知，莉莉使主人一家免于一场危险的煤气泄
漏事故，因此它的行为是英勇的，倒数第二段中的heroic act也是
提示。
44. A. Internet B. beach
C. street D. ground
解析： 　根据下文when the cat kept getting distracted by a brass
valve （黄铜阀门） next to their fireplace可知，当时桑迪·马丁应
该是和莉莉在屋里地上玩。
45. A. touched B. noticed
C. smelt D. heard
解析： 　根据下文and Sandi Martin thought it was 　46　 by the
shiny material可知，桑迪·马丁认为它被闪亮的材料吸引了，这说
明莉莉过去就注意过黄铜阀门。
46. A. attracted B. covered
C. limited D. rescued
解析： 　根据语境可知，桑迪·马丁认为莉莉被黄铜阀门闪亮的
材料所吸引。
47. A. missing B. wrong
C. burning D. different
解析： 　根据上文But when she kept smelling it可知，莉莉一个
劲地去闻黄铜阀门，这一反常举动说明情况不对。
48. A. fire B. water C. gas D. blood
解析： 　根据上文a dangerous gas leak （泄露）可知，此处
指煤气。
49. A. familiar B. terrible
C. faint D. sweet
解析： 　桑迪·马丁也不确定是不是煤气味，所以让丈夫也去
闻一闻，这说明当时泄露的煤气非常少，气味十分微弱，不易
辨别。
50. A. previously B. repeatedly
C. usually D. quickly
解析： 　家中发生煤气泄漏，自然要立即给煤气公司打电话
报修。
51. A. showed up B. hung out
C. stayed over D. arrived back
解析： 　煤气公司接到报修电话后，马上派技术人员过来，即
出现在报修用户家中。
52. A. found B. caused
C. fixed D. searched
解析： 　根据下文语境可知，技术人员很快发现阀门漏气。
53. A. reality B. change
C. relationship D. consequence
解析： 　根据语境和常识可知，要不是莉莉及时发现煤气泄
漏，后果将不堪设想。
54. A. reason B. treat C. break D. chance
解析： 　根据上文For Lilly’s heroic act可知，因为莉莉的英勇
行为，马丁一家肯定会给它一个机会正式收养它。
55. A. examined B. sensed
C. earned D. saved
解析： 　根据语境可知，因为莉莉的英勇行为，马丁一家决定
给它一个机会正式收养它，此处桑迪·马丁说这个收养机会是莉莉
应得（为自己挣得）的。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
　　Danish researchers have just set a new record for data transmission
（传输）.56. 　　　　　　 （use） one small computer chip， they
moved about 1.8 petabits of data per second.That equals 122 million
57. 　　　　　　 （movie） streaming at the same time.In their new
demonstration， 8，251 beams of light 58. 　　　　　　 （carry）
more than an entire world’s worth of data.For this test， the date
traveled 7.9 kilometers along a fiber optic cable （光纤电缆）.
　　That’s truly impressive， notes Bill Corcoran. 59. 　　　　　　
（previous）， an accomplishment like this would have taken many chips
and consumed far more energy.Corcoran， a physicist 60. 　　　　　　
wasn’t involved in this research， knows a lot about this field.His group
had held the record for the 61. 　　　　　　 （high） data transmission
rate with a single chip since 2020.Corcoran says，“62. 　　　　　　 is
great to see records being broken at this pace.”
　　“Even though no one needs to move data so quickly right now，
researchers are planning ahead.Such 63. 　　　　　　 high rate may be
useful in data centers even sooner，” one of the Danish researchers
says.More work should 64. 　　　　　　 （do） before the new device
can be put into real-world use.Right now， the energy needed for difficult
computing tasks already poses a risk to climate.The new
65. 　　　　　　 （innovate） in moving data could help lessen the
Internet’s climate impact.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。丹麦科学家研发出超高速芯片，打
破了数据传输记录。
56. Using　考查非谓语动词。设空处与one small computer chip一起作
状语，且they与use之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，句首单词首字母应大
写，故填Using。
57. movies　考查名词复数。movie是可数名词，且前面有122 million
修饰，故填movies。
58. carried　考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，设空处描述的这场实
验是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填carried。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。丹麦科学家研发出超高速芯片，打
破了数据传输记录。
59. Previously　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词，句
首单词首字母应大写，故填Previously，意为“以前”。
60. that/who　考查定语从句。设空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行
词a physicist， 且在从句中作主语，故填that/who。
61. highest　考查形容词的最高级。根据设空处前的the record以及定
冠词the可知，应用形容词的最高级形式，故填highest。
62. It　考查代词。设空处作形式主语，句中的真正主语是to see
records being broken at this pace， 句首单词首字母应大写，故填It。
63. a　考查冠词。“such a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数”是固定搭
配，且high的读音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
64. be done　考查被动语态。More work与do之间为被动关系，应用
被动语态，且设空处前有情态动词should， 故填be done。
65. innovation　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作主语，且其前有定冠
词The 和形容词new修饰，应用其名词形式，故填innovation。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是李华，你将参加学校一年一度的英语演讲比赛，就高中
学生对网络游戏上瘾的问题发表演讲。请你根据以下内容写一篇演讲
稿，内容包括：
　　1. 描述现象；
　　2. 沉迷网游的危害；
　　3. 发出呼吁。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
Dear fellow students，
　　That’s all. Thank you！
参考范文：
Dear fellow students，
　　It’s an honor to speak here， sharing my topic Say No to Online
Games with you. Nowadays， many students are addicted to playing
online games. As we all know， senior high school is a time for
knowledge and physical development. Never should we waste precious
time on games.
　　Online games do harm to us in many aspects. They can damage our
health at our time for relaxation or sleep. In addition， it is likely that
we’ll lose attention in study. Last but not least， we may suffer from
mental disorders without communicating with people in real life.
　　For our physical and mental health， let’s stay away from addictive
online games！
　　That’s all. Thank you！
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　Tammy lives on the Little Acres Farm with her family.They have
almost everything on the farm， but they don’t have many good
pumpkins.For some reason， they never grow properly.
　　In October， they sell tickets to the farm， and create a maze （迷
宫） made of hay bales （干草捆）.They call this “The Haunted
Maze”.However， people like to see pumpkins on Halloween， and
always complain about the lack of pumpkins.
　　One morning， Tammy’s dad talked to her.
　　“The Shelby Farm is planning a Haunted Maze this year，” Dad
said.
　　“Oh no！” said Tammy.“That means they’ll take away our
business！”
　　“We need to see what they’re up to，” Dad said.“Tammy， can
you do that？”
　　“Dad， I’ll give it a try，” she said.
　　Tammy felt like a spy （间谍） from Little Acres Farm.Early the
next morning， she rode her bicycle and got to the Shelby Farm
quickly.Mr Shelby was staring at piles of hay and looked confused.
　　“Hello， Tammy，” said Mr Shelby when he saw her.
　　“Hi， Mr Shelby，” said Tammy， suddenly not knowing what to
say.
　　“Where are you going？” Mr Shelby asked her.
　　A shaky feeling rose in Tammy’s body.She started to breathe
heavily out of fear.She said， “I was just passing by ...，” then
paused， and said “Goodbye” suddenly and rode away.All the way，
she thought she would be laughed at by her dad.She had an idea.She
secretly picked one pumpkin from the Shelby Farm， put it in the basket
on her bike， and made a detour （绕道） to avoid Mr Shelby.
　　Tammy was halfway home before she realized what she had done.She
regretted doing this.When she got home， she told Dad everything.
　　“You stole a pumpkin？” he asked.“You were supposed to find
out information about their Haunted Maze， and you just stole a
pumpkin？” Dad was so angry.
　　Tammy said， “I’m sorry.I was afraid！” She really was
afraid.She’d never stolen anything before in her entire life.
　　Dad took the pumpkin from Tammy and got in his car.He left the
driveway， and turned in the direction of the Shelby’s farm.He was
returning the pumpkin.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　After about three hours， Tammy’s dad finally came home.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Tammy agreed to teach Mr Shelby how to make a haunted hay
maze. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　After about three hours， Tammy’s dad finally came home.To
Tammy’s surprise， the whole car was full of pumpkins！Tammy’s
eyes widened.Dad laughed， and explained， “I had a long talk with Mr
Shelby.We thought that we’d all be better off if we worked together on
the maze instead of competing.So we did a trade.He gave us pumpkins，
and as an apology for your theft， you would teach him how to make a
haunted hay maze.” Tammy thought it was a good idea.
　　Tammy agreed to teach Mr Shelby how to make a haunted hay
maze.She went over to the Shelby Farm.She said sorry to Mr Shelby first
and showed him how to stack the hay to create a difficult maze.When
Halloween came， Tammy’s family went to the Shelby Farm.At the end
of the driveway was a sign that said：The Shelby Farm and Little Acres
Farm present The Haunted Hay Maze.It turned out that working together
benefited both farms.The customers were very satisfied with this year’s
activities.(共100张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
The New Age of Invention
　　Interviewer：Good evening， and welcome to Between the
Pages.This evening， [1]I’ll be talking to Dr Richard Fairhurst，
whose new book The New Age of Invention has just been
published.Welcome， Richard！
　　Richard：Thank you.[2]It’s a pleasure to be here.
　　Interviewer：I guess you have been asked about the title of your
book before.[3]It suggests that the present① day is a new age for
inventions， but many people might think that the great age of invention is
over.
　　Richard：Well， that’s an interesting point②.[4]There have been
golden ages of invention throughout history.Think of③ the four great
inventions in Ancient China：gunpowder④， papermaking， printing and
the compass⑤.These things changed the world forever.Then there were
the great Western inventions：the steam engine， the telephone and the
radio.And now， we [5]find ourselves in the great new age of
technology.
　　[1]句中I’ll be talking to ...为将来进行时；whose引导定语从
句，在从句中作new book的定语。
　　[2]It’s a pleasure to do sth很高兴做某事。It是形式主语，动词
不定式短语是真正的主语。
　　[3]suggest此处意思是“表明”，that引导宾语从句；另外，
suggest还可以表示“建议”。
　　[4]There be句型的现在完成时形式。
　　[5]find oneself in ...发现自己处于……的状态，为“find＋宾语
＋宾语补足语”结构。
【读文清障】
①present adj.当前的；在场的
②point n.观点
point of view 观点
③think of 想到，想起
④gunpowder n.火药
⑤compass n.指南针，罗盘
　　Interviewer：So are most of the new great inventions tech-based？
　　Richard：A lot， yes.For example， advances in virtual reality⑥
and wearable tech⑦， as well as⑧ the flexible⑨ battery⑩， mean we
should soon be seeing further developments .In addition ， important
advances have been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to
increasing computer power .
　　Interviewer：Can you give us some examples ？
　　Richard：Sure.New inventions like 3D printers have been used to
make replacement hearts and bone parts.In terms of the
environment， [6]it is now possible to create an intelligent walking
house.It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different
places， [7]with computing technology controlling its “legs”.What’s
more ， huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly
， too.
　　[6]it is possible to do sth做某事是可能的。
　　[7]with的复合结构作状语。computing technology为宾语，
controlling its “legs”为动词-ing短语作宾语补足语。
⑥virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的
virtual reality 虚拟现实
⑦wearable tech 可穿戴技术
⑧as well as 也；还；除……之外（也）；而且
⑨flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的
⑩battery n.电池（复数为batteries）
further developments 进一步的发展
in addition 除此之外，另外
thanks to 多亏，幸亏，由于
increasing adj.不断增长的
power n.能力；功率；力量；权力；强国
give sb some examples 给某人举例说明
replacement n.代替；替换，替代品
replace v.代替；取代
in terms of 在……方面；就……而言
intelligent adj.聪明的；理解力强的
capable adj.有能力的
be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事
what’s more 而且；此外
eco-friendly adj.环保的，对环境无害的
　　Interviewer：Impressive stuff ！I’ve also been told that you’re
an inventor yourself.Is that correct？
　　Richard：Yes， I am， but I’m only one member of a big team —
most inventors now work as part of big international teams.
　　Interviewer：I see .So [8]what is it that inspires us to invent
things？
　　Richard：Most inventions start with recognising a problem [9]that
needs a solution.This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of
the wheel in ancient times， [10]which much later developed into the
car.Now， reduced energy supplies and environmental pollution have
led to more advances in the technology of new energy vehicles.But
[11]what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think
and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
　　Interviewer：One last question.This is [12]the one everyone really
wants to know：will anybody ever invent a time machine？
　　Richard：I think [13]you’ve been watching too many movies！
Nothing like this has been invented yet and I’d say we’re a long way
from an invention like that at the moment！But， as they say， “Never
say never ！”
　　[8]强调句的特殊疑问句形式：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
　　[9]that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a problem， that在从句中作主
语，不可以省略。
　　[10]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the wheel，
which在从句中作主语。
　　[11]what引导主语从句，what在从句中作主语；that引导表语从
句，不可省略。
　　[12]the one为替代词，指代前面的question；everyone really
wants to know为省略了关系词的定语从句。
　　[13]have been doing sth 是现在完成进行时，表示从过去某时开
始一直持续到现在的动作。
stuff n.东西，物品
inventor n.发明家
invent v.发明
work as作为
I see 我明白了
inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事
start with 从……开始
no doubt 无疑地；很可能，确实地
develop into 发展成，演化为
reduced adj.减少的
environmental adj.环境的，与环境有关的
lead to 通向，导致
have an desire to do sth 有做某事的欲望
never say never 别轻易说决不
【参考译文】
新发明时代
采访人：晚上好，欢迎来到《字里行间》。今晚的嘉宾是理查
德·费尔赫斯特博士，他的新书《新发明时代》刚刚出版。欢迎
您，理查德！
理查德：谢谢！很高兴能来到这里。
采访人：我猜已经有人就书名向您提问了。书名提示现在是发明创造
的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
理查德：嗯，这个观点很有意思。纵观历史，我们经历过很多发
明创造的黄金时代。想想中国古代的四大发明：火药、造纸术、
印刷术和指南针。它们永远地改变了世界。而后西方也出现了蒸
汽机、电话、广播等伟大的发明。而现在，我们发现自己正处于
伟大的科技新时代。
采访人：所以大多数伟大的新发明都是科技产品吗？
理查德：是的，很多都是。比如说，虚拟现实、可穿戴科技设备与柔
性电池技术的进步意味着我们很快会看到更多相关领域的产品研发。
此外，得益于不断强化的计算机能力，医药与环境科学也取得了重要
进展。
采访人：您能给我们举几个例子吗？
理查德：当然可以。3D打印机之类的新发明已经应用于制作移植心脏
与部分骨骼。在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。它
能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双
腿”。此外，太阳能技术的巨大进步也意味着它可以很环保。
采访人：真是了不起的发明！我听说您自己也是个发明家。是这
样吗？
理查德：是的。但我只是一个大型团队中的一分子——大多数发明家
现在都在大型国际团队中工作。
采访人：明白了。那么是什么激励着我们进行发明创造呢？
理查德：发现某个需要解决的问题，这是绝大多数发明的起点。古代
轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。现在，能源供应紧缩与
环境污染推动了新能源汽车技术的进一步发展。不过有一点依旧重
要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发
明精神。
采访人：最后一个问题，也是大家都很想知道的：会有人发明出时光
机吗？
理查德：我觉得您是电影看多了！目前还没有类似的发明，而且我认
为，我们离这样的发明还远着呢！不过，就像人们说的：“凡事没有
绝对！”
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What is the theme of the text about？（　　）
A. The book The New Age of Invention has been published.
B. The present day is a new age for inventions.
C. The great age of invention is over.
D. There have been the golden ages of invention throughout history.
2. Why does Richard mention the four great inventions in Ancient
China？（　　）
A. To prove the golden ages of invention in history.
B. To tell us the importance of the four inventions.
C. To share his knowledge about the four inventions.
D. To compare them with the great Western inventions.
3. What new inventions are NOT mentioned in the text？（　　）
A. Virtual reality and wearable tech.
B. The flexible battery and the 3D printers.
C. The inventions made by Richard.
D. The replacement of human organs.
4. What’s Richard’s attitude to inventing a time machine？（　　）
A. Negative. B. Optimistic.
C. Critical. D. Supportive.
5. What do we know about the new great inventions today？（　　）
A. All of them are tech-based.
B. Computer technology helps a lot.
C. The solar technology is always eco-friendly.
D. A solution to a problem is an invention.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences describing the
advances in medicine and environmental science.








（1）New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make
replacement hearts and bone parts.
（2）In terms of the environment， it is now possible to create an
intelligent walking house.
（3）It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different
places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
（4）What’s more， huge advances in solar technology mean it can
be eco-friendly， too.
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentence describing the real
spirit of invention.


But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think
and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
3. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences showing positive
predictions about the future.




（1）For example， advances in virtual reality and wearable tech， as
well as the flexible battery， mean we should soon be seeing further
developments.
（2）But， as they say， “Never say never！”
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. Do you think the present day is a new age for inventions？Why？


2. What should you do in the new age of invention？


Yes， I do.Thanks to computer power， important advances have been
made.
As a senior high school student， I should make full use of time to
learn knowledge.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. It suggests that the present day is a new age for inventions， but many
people might think that the great age of invention is over.
句式分析 本句是一个并列复合句，but前的分句为复合句，that the
present day is a new age for inventions为that引导的 从句；
but后的分句也是复合句，that the great age of invention is over也是
一个由that引导的 从句。
自主翻译

宾语　
宾语　
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都
认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。　
2. This was no doubt the reason behind the invention of the wheel in
ancient times，which much later developed into the car.
句式分析 句中the reason behind the invention of the wheel in ancient
times是表语；no doubt为副词短语修饰主句；which much later
developed into the car是which引导的 从句，修饰
the wheel。
自主翻译
非限制性定语　
古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
press v.按，压；敦促 n.压，按；出版社；报刊；新闻界
【教材原句】　Presently I am going to press the lever， and off the
machine will go.It will vanish， pass into future time， and disappear.
我马上就要按下这个操纵杆，机器将会飞出去。它会消失不见，来到
将来时间，又失踪。
【用法】
（1）press sb to do sth　　催促某人做某事
press ...against/to ...　　把……压/挤/贴在……
（2）pressure n.　　压力
put pressure on sb　　给某人施加压力
under pressure　　　在压力之下，承受压力
peer pressure　　同龄压力
under the pressure of　　在……的压力下
【佳句】　Out of curiosity， the little girl pressed her nose against/to
the shop window.
出于好奇，小女孩把她的鼻子贴在商店的橱窗上。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The final exams can be really stressful， causing a lot of anxiety
and （press） among students.
②The committee pressed the volunteers （reveal） more
information about the mysterious donor.
pressure　
to reveal　
【写美】　补全句子
③I know studying is very important， but my parents
.
我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。
put too much
pressure on me　
capable adj.有能力的
【教材原句】　It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to
different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双
腿”。
（1）be capable of （doing） sth　有能力（做）某事
（2）capability n.　　能力；才能
the capability to do/of doing sth　　做某事的能力
beyond one’s capability　　超出某人的能力
【用法】
【佳句】　Considering my personal conditions，I confidently think I am
capable of doing it myself.
考虑到我的个人情况，我自信地认为我有能力自己做这件事。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①This work needs patience and skills，which is beyond
my （capable）.
②Well educated， the pianist is capable playing various songs on
the piano.
capability　
of　
【写美】　补全句子
③ ， I
have no difficulty communicating with foreign visitors.
我能说一口流利的英语，与外国游客交流没有困难。（自荐信）
Capable of speaking/With a capability to speak fluent English　
desire n.渴望，欲望 vt.渴望，希望；要求
【教材原句】　But what remains important is that we have an incredible
desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，
而这正是真正的发明精神。
【用法】
（1）have a strong desire
meet/satisfy one’s desire（s） 　满足某人的愿望
（2）desire to do sth　　渴望做某事
desire sb to do sth　　想要某人做某事
desire that ...（should） do sth　　要求……（应该）做某事
【佳句】　Our students come from different backgrounds but have the
same desire for online learning.
我们的学生来自不同的背景，但都渴望在线学习。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I desire that he （call） me on Monday morning.
②Many people desire （have） a robot in the digital times.
③The disappointed twins desired their father （tell） them
how to make sandwiches， and he nodded.
（should） call　
to have　
to tell　
【写美】　补全句子
④Knowing you ， I’d like
to offer you some suggestions.
得知你很想学好汉语，我想给你一些建议。（建议信）
have a strong desire to learn Chinese well　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构
【教材原句】　And now， we find ourselves in the great new age of
technology.
而现在，我们发现自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
【用法】
（1）“find＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构的常见类型：
find＋宾语＋
（2）在“find＋形式宾语it＋宾语补足语”结构中，宾语补足语通常
是名词或形容词，真正的宾语往往是动词不定式。
【品悟】　Entering the yard， I found the ground covered with lots of
fallen leaves.
进入院子，我发现地上覆盖着许多落叶。
【写美】　微写作
①很长一段时间之后，我发现这个年轻人很有能力。
After a long time， I .
②当她到家时，她发现她的宠物猫躺在院子里。
When she arrived home， she in the yard.
③我发现在这么狭窄的地方建个喷水池是不可能的。
I a fountain in such a narrow place.
found the young man （to be） very capable　
found her pet cat lying　
find it impossible to build　
句型公式：with复合结构
【教材原句】　It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to
different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
它能依靠全球定位系统技术四处移动，计算机技术则控制着它的“双
腿”。
【用法】
句中的with computing technology controlling its “legs”是with复合结
构，在句中作伴随状语。with复合结构在句中可作定语和状语，表示
原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。
with复合结构的构成：
①with＋宾语＋介词短语/形容词/副词
②with＋宾语＋doing（表示主动、进行）
③with＋宾语＋done（表示被动、完成）
④with＋宾语＋to do（表示将要发生）
【品悟】　With an important meeting to attend， I can’t go climbing
with you the day after tomorrow.因为有一个重要的会议要参加，后天
我不能和你去爬山了。
【写美】　微写作/句式升级
①他胳膊下夹着一本书走出了图书馆。
He went out of the library .
②有导游带我们参观这些景点，我们玩得很开心。
the scenic spots， we had a good
time.
③整个下午他都关着门待在房间里，谁也不想见。
All the afternoon， he stayed in the room ， not
wanting to see anyone.
with a book under his arm　
With a guide showing us around　
with the door closed　
④Because more and more forests were damaged，some animals and
plants are facing the danger of dying out.
→ ，some animals and plants
are facing the danger of dying out.
With more and more forests damaged　
句型公式：强调句的特殊疑问句：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋that ...？
【教材原句】　So what is it that inspires us to invent things？那么是什
么激励着我们进行发明创造呢？
本句为强调句的特殊疑问句，其基本结构为：疑问词＋is/was＋it＋
that ...？
（1）强调句的基本结构：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that （指人时可用
who）＋其他成分。被强调部分通常是句子的主语、宾语和状语。
（2）强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Was＋it＋被强调部分＋that （强调人
时可用who） ...？
（3）not ...until ...引导的时间状语从句的强调句：It is/was not
until＋被强调部分＋that＋其他成分。
（4）强调句的判断方法：把it is/was及that 去掉，调整后依然是一个
完整的句子；否则，就不是强调句。
（5）在强调句中，当强调主语时，其后的谓语动词应同被强调成分
的人称和数保持一致。
【用法】
【品悟】　It is not the story itself but what is reflected in the story that
counts.
重要的不是故事本身，而是故事中所反映的东西。
【写美】　微写作/句式升级
①是什么让他的父母如此高兴？
made his parents so happy？
②是不是因为杰克上学迟到，史密斯先生生气了？
Mr Smith got angry？
What was it that
Was it because Jack came late for school that　
③正是你的责任感对这些儿童的教育产生了巨大的影响。
has made a great difference to
the education of these children.
④He didn’t realise the importance of learning English well until he went
to America as an exchange student.
→ he
realised the importance of learning English well.（强调句）
It is your sense of responsibility that　
It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. If it is easy for you to get lost， you’d better take a
（指南针） with you.
2. The （虚拟的） reality technology now is widely used in
our lives.
3. Whenever there is a sale in the supermarket， my mother always ends
up buying good （物品） at a low price.
compass　
virtual　
stuff　
4. Suddenly， a white light （射出） towards my eyes， and I
could see nothing.
5. （火药） was used in China as far back as the 11th
century.
6. In closing， astronauts must have a determined will and a strong
d to explore the universe.
7. One of the biggest inconveniences of an electric vehicle is the long time
it takes to recharge the b .
8. You can start a video call by p the call button on the remote
control.
shot　
Gunpowder　
esire　
atteries　
ressing　
维度二：词形转换
1. People experience differences in physical and mental
（capable） depending on the time of day.
2. Before an exam， parents are advised to give their children some
suggestions to reduce their （press）.
3. The first students will work on projects related to
（wear） tech and the Internet of Things.
4. Technological advances mean more information can be delivered online
rapidly and （flexible）.
capability　
pressure　
wearable　
flexibly　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. （别轻易说决不）！ You never know what will
happen in the future.
2. （就到处都是垃圾而言），
local people are still unaware of the importance of protecting the
environment.
3. （此外）， the more you work out， the more
energetic you will become.
4. （是什么） you have always believed？
Never say never　
In terms of the rubbish everywhere　
In addition　
What is it that　
5. （在人群的欢呼声中），they drove to
the palace.
6. I （想要你加入） our club， as it is a great way
to keep fit and a good chance to relax ourselves.
With the crowds cheering　
desire you to join　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Dr Richard Fairhurst is 1. author of the book The New Age of
Invention.Now he 2. （interview） by the
interviewer from Between the Pages.In Richard’s opinion，there
3. （be） golden ages of invention throughout history and
he also mentioned the four great 4. （invention） in
Ancient China and the great ones in the West.But now most of the new
great inventions are tech-based， for example，virtual reality and 5.
the　
is being interviewed　
have been　
inventions　
（wear） tech.6. addition， important advances have
been made in medicine and environmental science thanks to increasing
computer power.And a walking house is capable of 7. （use）
GPS technology to travel to different places.These 8.
（impress） stuff make the interviewer surprised.What inspires Richard
9. （invent） things is recognising a problem
10. needs a solution.
wearable　
In　
using　
impressive　
to invent　
that/which　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　A new technology project in southern Greece is helping visitors
experience the ancient birthplace of the Olympic Games. The project used
augmented reality （增强现实）， or AR， to recreate temples and
competition areas in the ancient city of Olympia. The project lasted for
about 18 months with a series of imaging flights to help map areas across
Olympia. It was recently launched in the city， one of the world’s major
archaeological （考古的） sites. Augmented reality is a technology that
can project computer-created images onto special eyeglasses. Through the
eyeglasses， the images appear along with other physical objects in the
environment.
　　The project is a partnership between American software maker
Microsoft and Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sport. The ministry helped
Microsoft map and build virtual representations of Olympia. The city was
used for nearly a thousand years to host the games in ancient Greece that
served as the model for the modern Olympics. “It’s a milestone. That
helped us bring technology and culture and history together so we can
preserve it，” Microsoft President Brad Smith said. The experience
provides users with the chance to virtually walk through the ruins of
Olympia. At the Olympic Museum in Athens， people can also use
Microsoft’s AR headsets for a similar experience.
　　Greek Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis joined a group of
schoolchildren who were using the app for the first time. “I’m
absolutely excited that we’re able to present to the world a completely
new cultural experience using technology to recreate the ancient world of
Olympia，” Mitsotakis told The Associated Press. Students from a local
middle school looked at statues and buildings that were brought to life on
their phones. They were able to virtually visit inside and outside settings to
explore where ancient Olympians had competed in different sports.
One of the children， Panagiotis Christopoulos， called the project
“impressive”. “I think it can help with teaching in schools.” the
student said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了希腊政府与微软公司
合作，通过AR技术让游客体验奥运会的发源地。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了希腊政府与微软公司
合作，通过AR技术让游客体验奥运会的发源地。
1. What’s the function of the special eyeglasses？（　　）
A. Producing impressive images.
B. Changing colours of some objects.
C. Making the environment look clearer.
D. Combining the virtual world with the real one.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Augmented reality is a
technology ... in the environment.可知，通过眼镜，虚拟图像与真
实环境融合在一起。
2. How did Hellenic Ministry of Culture and Sport help with the project？
（　　）
A. By raising money for it.
B. By promoting and advertising it.
C. By offering virtual representations of Olympia.
D. By hosting different kinds of games in Olympia.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，文体部帮助此项
目绘制并构建了奥林匹亚的虚拟图像。
3. What is Kyriakos Mitsotakis’ attitude to the project？（　　）
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable.
C. Unconcerned. D. Cautious.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第三段中Kyriakos Mitsotakis对美联社
说的话可知，基里亚科斯·米佐塔基斯对此项目很支持。
4. What can be the best title for the text？（　　）
A. Digital Project Brings Olympics Birthplace to Life
B. A Technology Project Is Helping Build Modern Olympia
C. The Development and Application of AR in Greece
D. A Good Combination of Modern and Ancient Cultures
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了一项新科
技，它可以帮助游客身临其境地体验奥运会的发源地。 因此，A项
最适合作文章标题。
B
　　A driverless train took its first trip around Hamburg， Germany in
2021 and may greatly improve transportation in the city. Acknowledged as
the world’s first， the train created by Siemens Mobility and Deutsche
Bahn （DB） officially went into service in December.
　　This is part of a large modernization project for the city’s S-Bahn
urban rail. There were no changes to the tracks， as the autonomous （自
动的） trains run on the same network as the current trains that have
drivers operating them.
　　“The railroad has arrived in the digital future and Digital Rail for
Germany may become a reality. With automated rail operations， we can
offer our passengers a significantly expanded and improved service，”
said Dr Richard Lutz， CEO of DB. “The new trains can transport up to
30 per cent more passengers and operate on time， and they will be more
energy-efficient. They are also encouraged for environmental protection
reasons.”
　　The trains receive signals via radios. There will be drivers present
when there are passengers on board but they will only supervise （监督）
the run and the passengers. There are now plans to digitize Hamburg’s S-
Bahn system entirely by the end of the decade and the government has
already decided to put money into new trains and infrastructure
improvements.
　　Autonomous transportation technology is being used in taxis by
Waymo， which started as the Google self-driving project in 2009. Other
companies that are working on driverless cars include Tesla， GM，
Nissan， and Zoox. These cars have to find their ways on roads with the
help of GPS technology but driving on a track is much simpler and safer.
“The new technology has already been officially approved and， since it
features open interfaces （接口）， it can immediately be used by
operators worldwide for all types of trains，” said Dr Roland Busch，
CEO of Siemens AG. Maybe it’s time for the new autonomous revolution.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字技术的发展促
进了德国无人驾驶火车投入运营。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了数字技术的发展促
进了德国无人驾驶火车投入运营。
5. What’s special about the new trains created by Siemens Mobility and
DB？（　　）
A. They share tracks with traditional ones.
B. They use new driverless track systems.
C. They make long-distance trips much safer.
D. They still require human drivers’ operation.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，这种新型火车与
传统的列车共用轨道。
6. What does Dr Richard Lutz mainly want to express in Paragraph 3？
（　　）
A. The new trains greatly change the German lifestyle.
B. The digital railroad is spoken highly of by passengers.
C. The new trains benefit both people and the environment.
D. The digital railroad has promoted the development of tourism.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，这种新型火车对人
们和环境都是有益的。
7. What’s the government’s attitude to the development of the new
digital technology？（　　）
A. Worried. B. Favorable.
C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第四段最后一句可知，政府决定
对新火车和基础设施的改进投钱，因此对这种新技术的发展持
肯定的态度。
8. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Operators have responsibility for ensuring fully autonomous driving.
B. Germany’s design of trains needs to be further improved.
C. American companies see an increasing demand for self-driving taxis.
D. The digital technology has a big potential market.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，最后一段主要围
绕着这项新技术在世界各地的运营商中的广泛使用展开。
C
　　As summer heats up， future homes may cool down， thanks to
coatings of brightly coloured nanocrystals （纳米晶体）.Normal
coatings， such as paint， heat up in the sun. The new crystal films
created by Qingchen Shen’s team get cooler than the air around them
when exposed to sunlight. Shen studies materials science at the University
of Cambridge.
　　This cooling method has a long name： passive daytime radiative
（辐射的） cooling.Shen’s team didn’t invent the process. Other
materials do it too. But until now， only white or mirrored surfaces did
this. Such surfaces reflect a lot of light， keeping that light from heating
the surface. Now， Shen’s team has figured out a way to make colourful
passive-cooling surfaces. “We can produce red， green and blue，”
says Shen.
　　“The film has two layers.The top one is crystallized cellulose （纤
维素）， which provides the colour.Different crystal patterns produce
different colours. A different form of cellulose — ethyl cellulose — makes
up the bottom layer.This layer scatters （分散） all the light that leaks
（漏） through the top layer.Both layers help the film release heat into
space. The two-layer approach is what makes this work unique，” says
Lucian Lucia， an expert on biomaterials. “The Cambridge team，” he
says， “achieved a fairly remarkable and simple approach toward
cooling.”
　　The team made the films one layer at a time. First， they dried a
watery mix of ethyl cellulose into thin sheets. Then they spread a thin
layer of cellulose crystals in water atop this， like icing a cake. As that
“icing” dried， its crystals linked up to form the colourful top layer.
Slight variations in crystal shape will produce different patterns — and
colours.
　　Under sunlight， the films cooled to 4 ℃ below the air temperature.
At night， the temperature difference was 9 ℃. Even better， Shen’s
team worked out how to make the films in large amounts， which is very
important for their work， notes Ran Zheng， a researcher studying
materials science. Such large-scale production makes this invention more
likely to get used in real life， he explains. If used to help keep buildings
cool in the summer sun， he notes， these coatings might cut the need for
air conditioning.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具
有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。剑桥大学研究人员研发出了一种具
有降温效果的彩色薄膜。
9. What can be learned about the films developed by Shen’s team？
（　　）
A. They are unique in their cooling method.
B. They come in different colours.
C. They take in a lot of sunlight.
D. They heat up in the sun.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Now， Shen’s team has
figured out ...“We can produce red， green and blue，” says Shen.
可知，Qingchen Shen的团队研发的这种新型薄膜有各种颜色。
10. What is Lucian Lucia’s attitude toward the films？（　　）
A. Tolerant. B. Curious.
C. Positive. D. Careful.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，Lucian
Lucia对该团队研发的薄膜是持肯定态度的。
11. What does Paragraph 4 mainly focus on？（　　）
A. How the films are made.
B. How the films release heat.
C. Why the two-layer structure is efficient.
D. Why the two-layer structure has different patterns.
解析： 　段落大意题。通读第四段可知，该段主要介绍了这种
薄膜的具体制作过程。段落中的First、Then和As为常见的流程指
示词。
12. What do Ran Zheng’s words tell us about the films？（　　）
A. They have been welcomed on the market.
B. Their potential application is uncertain.
C. They are important for his work.
D. Their future is promising.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段中Ran Zheng的话语可知，
Qingchen Shen的团队已经知道如何大量制作这种薄膜，他认为这
一点对该团队的研究工作很重要，使得这项发明更有可能在现实
生活中得到应用。他还指出，如果将这些薄膜用于降低建筑物在
夏季的温度，则可能会减少对空调的需求。由此可推知，Ran
Zheng觉得这种薄膜的未来是充满希望的。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　It’s a winter morning in 2032. You’re asleep in your smart home.
13.（　　）.
　　Waking in the morning
　　As you open your eyes， you wave your hand and switch on two of
the screens close by. 14.（　　）. And you share some late-night
thoughts with it to email to a colleague. The other screen displays the
morning’s headlines. After breakfast， you put on an outfit， which
helps you monitor your physical and mental health， sending regular
updates to your phone.
　 On the way
You set off to your nearest transportation site. Your traffic agency app
sends you a warning that your usual journey has changed， due to an all-
day concert in the park. 15.（　　）. Transport systems across the world
are now using artificial intelligence and digital sensors to help analyze the
data relevant to delay issues and respond with timetable changes and
updates to passengers.
　　 At work
When you get to work， instead of going up， you go down. Urban
housing prices remain high， forcing many businesses to locate
themselves in deep-basement offices. 16.（　　）. You find a desk and
head to your first meeting. The meeting is held in the absence of real
colleagues， who attend from around the world as holograms （全息
图）. You wire up your translation earphones and join the discussion with
ease.
　　17. （　　）
　　After working for a day， you head up to take an aviation （航空）
taxi. Over the last decade， the sky above you has become busier —
increasingly populated by flying autonomous vehicles under strict air
traffic control rules. After a short wait， your taxi — a lightweight，
electric vertical take-off and landing aircraft — arrives to fly you home.
A. Smart controls
B. It’s time to get up
C. Catching a flight home
D. One brings up your virtual assistant
E. Aviation taxis can charge their batteries while flying
F. Your workspace is several floors in total， each one lower than the last
G. And the app advises you of your new journey by an autonomous
vehicle
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能家居如何从早
上到晚上全方位的服务。
13. B　根据上文可知，这是2032年冬天的一个早晨。你正在智能家
里睡觉。由此推知，B项（该起床了）承接上文，符合语境。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了智能家居如何从早
上到晚上全方位的服务。
14. D　根据空前一句可知， 你打开了附近的两个屏幕。结合下文The
other screen displays the morning’s headlines.可知，空处是在介绍两
个屏幕中的一个。D项（一个会打开你的虚拟助手）符合语境。
15. G　根据空前一句可知，你的交通应用程序向你发出警示：你日
常的行程发生了变化，因为公园里有一个全天的音乐会。G项（该应
用程序将通过自动驾驶汽车为您提供新的行程建议）符合语境。
16. F　根据空前一句可知，由于城市房价居高不下，迫使许多企业将
办公室搬到地下室深处。F项（你的工作区总共有几层，每层都比上
一层低）符合语境。
17. C　根据本空的位置可知，本空为段落主旨句。根据下文After a
short wait ... arrives to fly you home.可知，本段主要介绍如何回家。
C项（赶回家的航班）符合语境。

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