资源简介

(共113张PPT)
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
2
文本透析·剖语篇
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist②
Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find
and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the
creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and
Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea，
and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine.
They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the
man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is
also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret，
Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted
to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping，
Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new
underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book，
Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的省略句；
discover that ... 中that引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物学家
③along with与……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事实上；实际上
⑥capture v.捕获；俘获
⑦in charge主管，负责
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨think of考虑；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改编
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon
me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such
wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following
some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an
exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer
felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or
my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
　　[3]“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
my thick helmet。
look back upon 回顾
leave an impression upon 给……留下印象
wonder n.奇观；奇迹
remain v.保持
supply n.供应量；补给品
shell n.（蛋/果/贝）壳
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the
ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the
watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly
distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond
that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually
disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air
heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me
was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand，
not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the
waves.
This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration
which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I
say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad
daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules
Verne）
　　[4]which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The light。
　　[5]介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
　　[6]句中两个which均引导定语从句，第一个which引导非限制性
定语从句，修饰整个主句，第二个which引导限制性定语从句，修饰
先行词vibration。
　　[7]as if引导方式状语从句。
at a distance of 在……的距离
darken v.（使）变暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光体
drive away 驶离；驱走
account for 解释，说明
liquid n.液体，液态物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【参考译文】
海底两万里
　　1866年，多艘船只目击到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃
尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔乘船出海，准备找到这只生物并
消灭它。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于找到了这只生物。他们从
船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内
德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责
人——尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一
个不为人知的秘密。
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这
里。尽管内德·兰德一心想要逃离这个地方，但阿龙纳斯与康塞尔已
被他们在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改编自原著的一个章
节，阿龙纳斯描述了他们在海底漫步的经历……
　　现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语
言无法描述的！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。我和康
塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经
感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇
来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
　　光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。阳光轻
易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内
的物体。在这个距离之外，颜色变深，呈现出深蓝色的阴影，逐渐看
不到了。真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大
气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。在我之上是平静的海面，脚下的沙地又
细又平，并不像平坦的海滩会随着海浪而褶皱。这块令人目眩的地毯
简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个
水分子都因此而振动。如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明
亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
（节选自《海底两万里》，作者儒勒·凡尔纳）
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？
（　　）
A. People couldn’t find them at all.
B. There was no creature forever.
C. The submarine was not open.
D. Captain Nemo came from space.
2. What did the author see in the submarine？（　　）
A. The things outside it looked beautiful.
B. The author couldn’t see them at all.
C. The author wanted to escape.
D. The author’s head looked like a nut.
3. What astonished the author？（　　）
A. The solar rays.
B. The ocean’s power.
C. The sand on the beach.
D. Every atom of liquid.
4. What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours
darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　　）
A. The solar light.
B. The solar rays.
C. All colours.
D. Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5. What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B. Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C. Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D. Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the
actions.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. What do you think will happen next in the story？
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
2. If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard
conditions.
Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views
underwater.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the
whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the
“creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的 　省
略　， While后省略了 　they were　；discover that ...中的that引
导 　宾语　从句。
自主翻译 　他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康
塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”
其实是一艘潜水艇。　
省
略　
they were　
宾语　
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康
塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”
其实是一艘潜水艇。　
2. I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air
supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。inside which my head shook like a nut
in its shell为“介词＋关系代词”引导的 　非限制性定语　从句。
自主翻译 　我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重
量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。　
非限制性定语　
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重
量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。　
3. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the
sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which
passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。which accounted for the vibration为
which引导的 　非限制性定语　从句；which passed through every
atom of liquid为which引导的 　限制性定语　从句，修饰先行
词 　vibration　。
自主翻译 　这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把
阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。　
非限制性定语　
限制性定语　
vibration　
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把
阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。　
4. Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I
could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为when引导的 　时间状
语　从句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in
broad daylight为that引导的 　宾语　从句；as if I was in broad
daylight为as if引导的 　方式状语　从句。
自主翻译 　如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？　
时间状
语　
宾语　
方式状语　
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日
光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
charge n.主管，负责；费用 v.收费，要价；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine，
where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.他们一行人被抓了
起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。
【用法】
（1）free of charge　　　　免费
in charge （of）　　负责，主管
in the charge （of）　　（由……）负责/主管
take charge of　　负责，主管
（2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的费用
charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of
Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他们在怀特老师负责的实验室里做了实验。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some
of which were in 　the　 charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got
it repaired free 　of　 charge.
the　
of　
【写美】　补全句子
③The man who had 　taken charge of　 the company 　was charged
with　 bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from
a department manager 　in charge of　 the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那个人被指控受贿，因为他从负责生产的部门经理那里收
了一大笔钱。
taken charge of　
was charged
with　
in charge of　
ahead of在……之前；早于；领先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from
the rest of the world.
这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的
秘密。
go ahead　　先走；进行；说吧；做吧；进行吧
go ahead with　　开始做；着手干
get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；领先；胜过（某人）
ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【用法】
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of
schedule.
多亏你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　of　 the leading runner， it can win
the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　ahead　 and giving
me support as well.
of　
ahead　
【写美】　补全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　ahead
of time/schedule　.
如果每人多出把力，任务就可以提前完成。
ahead
of time/schedule　
permit v.允许，准许，许可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his
three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the
submarine.为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都
不能离开这里。
（1）permit sb to do sth　 允许某人做某事
permit doing sth　　允许做某事
time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits　　如果时间/天气允
许的话
（2）permission n.　　许可，允许
ask sb’s permission　　请求许可
without permission　　未经许可，擅自
with one’s permission　　经某人允许
【用法】
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in
the museum without permission.
未经允许，禁止任何人对博物馆里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Weather 　permitting　 （permit）， the competition to be held in our
school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　playing　 （play） basketball on the playground
now.
permitting　
playing　
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my
parents’ 　permission　 （permit）.
【写美】　补全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　permit me
to bring　 a camera.
令我大为失望的是，保安人员不允许我带相机。（情感描写）
permission　
permit me
to bring　
relate v.相联系，有关联；讲述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left
upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate
such wonders！
现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无
法描述的！
（1）relate to ...　与……有关；谈到……
relate ...to ...　　把……与……联系起来
relate sth to sb　　向某人讲述某事
（2）related adj.　　相关的，有关系的
be related to ...　　与……有关
（3）relation n.　　联系，关联；亲属
in relation to　　有关，涉及
the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之间的联系
【用法】
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very
happy.
后来他给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉，这使我很高兴。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　to　
seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　relation　 （relate） to
history in public.
to　
relation　
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from
illness and diseases related 　to　 smoking.
【写美】　补全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　relates to the situation　 in
Scotland.
文章第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。
to　
relates to the situation　
astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface
of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。
【用法】
（1）It astonishes sb that ... 令某人惊讶的是……
（2）astonishing adj.　　令人惊讶的
astonished adj.　　感到惊讶的
be astonished at/by sth　　因/对某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth　　对做某事感到惊讶
（3）astonishment n.　　惊讶
to one’s astonishment　　使某人惊讶的是
in astonishment　　吃惊地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in
astonishment.
我一打开盒子就吃惊地睁大了双眼。（情感描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
① 　Astonished　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in
his eyes.
②He was astonished 　to learn　 （learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　astonishing　 （astonish） that Charlie was taught to
sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
Astonished　
to learn　
astonishing　
【写美】　句型转换
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→ 　It astonished me that　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形
式主语）
It astonished me that　
distinguish v.看清；认出；区分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a
hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
【用法】
（1）distinguish between A and B　区分A和B
distinguish ...from ...　　把……与……区分开来
distinguish oneself （as ...）（作为……）表现突出；使自己与众不
同；使自己成名
（2）distinguished adj. 　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的
be distinguished for ...　　因……而出名
be distinguished as ...　　作为……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees
large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩，每年都有大量的游客。（推荐信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already
distinguished 　herself　 （she） as a great volleyball coach in the
world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish
one 　from　 the other.
herself　
from　
【写美】　补全句子
③Paper-cutting 　is distinguished as　 a traditional art form， which has
a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国有着1，500多年的历
史。（传统文化）
is distinguished as　
surround v.环绕，围绕
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another
air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠
密，却几乎一样透明。
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包围
be surrounded by/with　被围绕着；周围是……
（2）surrounding adj.　　周围的
surroundings n.　　环境（多用复数）
【用法】
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural
playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
别忘了：我们周围有一个天然的游乐场，非常适合散步、攀岩和骑自
行车。
【点津】　surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围具体的物质环境。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to
the new 　surroundings　 （surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　with　 people who have a high level of
self-discipline.
surroundings　
with　
【写美】　补全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　was
surrounded by　 a high wire fence.
这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到了我们的营地，营地周围有高高的铁丝
网。（环境描写）
was
surrounded by　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men
following some steps behind.
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是独立主格结
构。
（2）独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、
条件、方式、伴随状况等。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋介词短语/
副词/形容词（短语）/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词
或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。
【用法】
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth
half open.
看到这尴尬的场面，他大吃一惊，嘴巴半张着。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①早餐过后，一些探险家和他们的船长出发去探索这座神秘的岛屿。
　Breakfast over　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out
to explore the mysterious island.
Breakfast over　
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the
computer.
→ 　All the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.（独
立主格结构）
→ 　With all the e-mails answered　， the girl turned off the computer.
（with复合结构）
All the e-mails answered　
With all the e-mails answered　
句型公式：介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平静的海面。
【用法】
（1）表示地点的介词词组置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全
倒装。
（2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then，
next等表示方位和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完
全倒装。
（3）在上述两种情况中，若主语是代词，则不用倒装。
（4）作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完
全倒装。
（5）代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的课题搭档躺在床上，又虚弱又忧心忡忡。
【写美】　微写作
①从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。
From the valley 　came the beautiful song　.
②窗边坐着一位老人，手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window 　sat an old man　 with a magazine in his hand.
③这就是我们充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
　Such is our lively city　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at
your convenience.
④被选为领袖的她很幸运。
　Lucky is she　 who was chosen to be a leader.
came the beautiful song　
sat an old man　
Such is our lively city　
Lucky is she　
句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty
feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清
清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【用法】
as if/as though引导表语从句或方式状语从句。
（1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，句
子要用陈述语气。
（2）如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词
要用虚拟语气，其形式如下：
　as if/as though
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were
inside a fragile， white seashell.
当你走进画廊时，你感觉就像在一个精细洁白的贝壳里面。
【写美】　微写作/一句多译
①杰克什么也没说，但老师对他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明
的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　had
done something very clever　.
②我记得整件事就像昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing as if 　it happened yesterday　.
had
done something very clever　
it happened yesterday　
③当我看见那个男孩时，他站在那儿，低着头，好像刚刚被老师
批评了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if he was
criticised by the teacher　 just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　as if criticised
by the teacher　 just now.
as if he was
criticised by the teacher　
as if criticised
by the teacher　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. The 　captain　 （船长） ordered the crew members to get the
training done by two o’clock.
2. Writing out all the invitations by hand 　consumed　 （消耗） more
time than we had expected.
3. Employees in the company are 　permitted　 （允许） to use the
mobile phone during their free hours.
captain　
consumed　
permitted　
4. A number of other theories will be discussed in the following 　chapter
（s）　 （章节）； if you are interested， just keep reading.
5. The teacher， who has taught for over 30 years， is in 　charge　
（负责） of the school work now.
6. There is something about music that distinguishes　 it from all other art
forms.
7. He was standing on the tower looking at the lake beneath　.
8. One-third of the town is covered with trees and the majority of the
residents　 are black people.
chapter
（s）　
charge　
istinguishes　
eneath　
esidents　
维度二：词形转换
1. The girl used to be shy， but now she is 　gradually　 （gradual）
getting active in group work and is more willing to express herself.
2. Fully absorbed in the 　fascinating　 （fascinate） novel， he didn’t
notice evening approaching.
3. People were 　astonished　 （astonish） to learn the news that the
famous musician Zhao Yingjun had passed away.
4. You should have a goal 　related　 （relate） to your study at the
beginning of a year.
gradually　
fascinating　
astonished　
related　
5. You also need to judge the quality and 　depth　 （deep） of your
motivation. This is quite important， because it is directly related to
your commitment.
6. Your dad will go wild if he knows you drive his car
without 　permission　 （permit）.
depth　
permission　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. I heard that he got injured in the accident， 　my heart full of worry　
（我内心充满了担忧）.
2. People talked about it vividly， 　as if they had all experienced it　
（好像他们都经历过一样） themselves.
3. 　Under the tree sat/sits　 （坐在树下） a lovely girl aged about
seventeen or eighteen.
4. To our shock， the car was stolen 　in broad daylight　 （在大白
天）.
5. We set off in the early morning and arrived there 　ahead of
time/schedule　 （提前）.
my heart full of worry　
as if they had all experienced it　
Under the tree sat/sits　
in broad daylight　
ahead of
time/schedule　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　I 1. 　took　 （take） a walk under the waters of the sea many years
ago.I will never forget the impression 2. 　left　 （leave） on me.I find
words are not enough to relate the great wonders！ Captain Nemo walked
in front， one of his men 3. 　following　 （follow） some steps
behind.Conseil and I 4. 　were kept　 （keep） in metal cases but we
remained near each other.Inside the metal cases， I didn’t feel the
weight of anything around me， including my shoes， my air supply and
my helmet， inside 5. 　which　 my head shook like a nut in its shell.
took　
left　
following　
were kept　
which　
　　The light went through thirty feet of water and lit the soil below the
surface of the ocean.The sunlight was so 6. 　powerful　 （power） that
it consumed all colour.As 7. 　a　 result， I was able to see different
objects 8. 　at　 a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond the
sunlight， the colours became fine shades of deep blue and
9. 　gradually　 （gradual） disappeared.We were walking on the sand
as if we were walking on a flat shore.When I tell you this story about my
walk at the 10. 　depth　 （deep） of thirty feet， I don’t expect you to
believe me.
powerful　
a　
at　
gradually　
depth　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Climbers targeting peaks above 5，000 meters in the Xizang
autonomous region， including the north side of Qomolangma， now
have to apply for a permit， according to a rule issued by Chinese sports
authorities.
　　To make climbing safer， or at least less deadly， the General
Administration of Sport and the sports bureau of Xizang released a
notification （通知） requiring climbers to send an application to the
bureau at least a month in advance of their planned climb.It said climbing
without permits will be strictly forbidden.
　　“In recent years， cases of injuries， missing people and deaths
have been witnessed as a result of illegal climbing，” the notification
said.“Climbing is a highly professional sport with high risk.Most illegal
climbers lack professional skills， facilities and tour guides.Such
activities will interfere with orderly climbing and bring risks， not only to
the climbers themselves but also rescuers.They will also lead to a loss of
personal or national property.”
　　Applications will need to detail each individual climber’s personal
information， proposed climbing routes and related plans.Climbers are
also being asked to obey related rules to protect mountain
environments.The notification also urged regional government
departments to strengthen safety checks and the prohibition of illegal
climbing， encourage residents to join regular patrols near major climbing
routes and promote public education on climbing safety.
　　In a previous interview with China Daily， Kul Bahadur Gurung，
general secretary of the Nepal Mountaineering Association， said difficult
weather conditions， lack of experience and support personnel， and the
commercialization （商业化） of expeditions were the main reasons for
the high death toll on the world’s highest peak.“Since the number of
people reaching the summit of Everest is increasing， everyone thinks it is
easier to climb and everyone can climb， which is a totally false idea，”
he said.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国体育部门为阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治区5，000米以上山峰的登山者必须申
请许可证。
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了中国体育部门为阻止
非法攀登，要求攀登西藏自治区5，000米以上山峰的登山者必须申
请许可证。
1. Why is a permit needed for Qomolangma climbers？（　　）
A. To stop illegal climbing.
B. To provide training ahead.
C. To limit the number of climbers.
D. To collect climbers’ information.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段内容和第三段第一句可知，非
法攀登造成了很多安全问题，珠穆朗玛峰登山者需要许可证是为了
禁止非法攀登，确保安全。
2. Which word can best replace the underlined words “interfere with” in
Paragraph 3？（　　）
A. test B. change
C. replace D. disturb
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句前一句和后一句可知，
非法登山者缺乏登山必备的条件，会造成很多损失。由此推知，非
法登山的活动干扰正常有序的登山，带来很多风险。interfere with
意为“干扰”，与disturb意思一致。
3. What does Paragraph 4 focus on about the notification？（　　）
A. Its content. B. Its purpose.
C. Its background. D. Its impact.
解析： 　段落大意题。通读第四段内容可知，本段介绍了该通知
的具体内容，包括申请表填写的要求、对登山者的要求、对地方政
府部门的要求等。
4. What does Kul Bahadur Gurung think of the Everest climbing？（　　）
A. It’s a totally false idea.
B. It should be eco-friendly.
C. It’s highly professional.
D. It should be non-profitable.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段末Kul Bahadur Gurung所说
的话可知，他认为攀登珠峰顶峰很容易的想法是错误的。由此推
知，他认为珠峰攀登是一项极其专业的活动。
B
　　Scrolling through Instagram can quickly convince you that
everyone’s life is more interesting than yours.During a particularly
adventurous week on Instagram Stories recently， I saw water skiing in
Maui， hiking in Yosemite and swimming with wild pigs in Bermuda.I
started googling flights to new places.Then I ordered pho， Vietnam’s
national dish， from the same Vietnamese place I eat every week and
returned to the same old routine and I felt bad about not trying somewhere
new.
　　Evolutionarily， human brains tend to find newfangled experiences
more exciting and attention-grabbing than repeated experiences.They
can’t process all the thrills around us， so we evolve to pay attention to
new， flashy and potentially dangerous things more intently than familiar
things， which we’ve seen enough to know they’re not
dangerous.What’s more， words like “repetition” and
“repetitiveness” tend to be associated with more negative emotions.
　　However， recent research published in the Journal of Personality
and Social Psychology suggests we should reconsider how we digest those
feelings of monotony （单调）.Some previous research has painted a
negative picture of repeated experiences， saying that doing the same
thing twice can feel less valuable.But Ed O’Brien， a professor of
behavioral science， wondered whether people actually underestimate how
positively they react to repeated experiences.
　　To test this theory， Mr O’Brien and his team exposed all
participants to the same stimulus （刺激） （various stimuli were
tested， including museum visits， movies and video games）.Next，
after dividing them into two groups， the first group of participants were
asked to imagine repeating the experience， while the second actually did
repeat the experience.Counter to previous research， Mr O’Brien found
that across the board， repeated experiences were far more enjoyable than
participants expected.In other words： You’re far more likely to enjoy
something the second time around than you think.
　　“Brand new experiences are definitely great for enjoyment，” said
Mr O’Brien.“And our studies don’t go against this idea.In many
cases， the brand new option is better.But， what our studies emphasize
is that repeated options might also have high hedonic （享乐的） value
and might also come with lower costs than a purely new option.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒
险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复也能给我们带来快乐。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了很多人都喜欢冒
险，追求新鲜感，但是研究却发现重复也能给我们带来快乐。
5. What did the author think of her own life？（　　）
A. It included many exciting things.
B. It depended heavily on social media.
C. It was highly adventurous.
D. It was boringly repetitive.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者觉得自己
的生活毫无新意，没有创新。
6. How do our brains usually respond to stimuli from familiar things？
（　　）
A. They may pay little attention to them.
B. They may process them first.
C. They may feel uncertain of them.
D. They may consider them as positive things.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Evolutionarily， human
brains tend to find 　newfangled　 experiences more exciting ... than
familiar things可推断，我们的大脑使我们不太注意熟悉的刺激物。
7. What is the meaning of the underlined word in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Fictional. B. Fascinating.
C. Novel. D. Significant.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据画线词后句可知，人类的大脑往往会
关注新奇的事物。所以newfangled意为“新奇的”。
8. What did the second group of participants do during the experiment？
（　　）
A. They experienced the same stimuli twice.
B. They imagined their old experiences twice.
C. They repeated similar activities many times.
D. They predicted the first group’s experiences.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Next， after dividing them
into two groups， the first group of participants were asked to imagine
repeating the experience， while the second actually did repeat the
experience.可知，第二组参与者重复了先前的体验。
C
　　This past January， Captain Preet Chandi set foot on a historic，
though decidedly icy trail by becoming the first woman to reach the South
Pole alone， without assistance.While others might have been content to
make history with this singular accomplishment， “Polar Preet” Chandi
is not one to rest on her achievements.The journey to the South Pole was
merely “phase one” of a larger and even more extraordinary goal for the
adventurous British Army officer.
　　“For the phase two”， the 33-year-old has set her sights on
crossing Antarctica — once again doing the journey alone and unsupported
to become the first woman to achieve this goal.
　　On 14 November 2023， Chandi departed from Hercules Inlet， an
ice-filled bay at the southwestern section of the Filchner-Ronne Ice Shelf
bordering the Weddell Sea in Antarctica.Her goal is to reach Reedy
Glacier within 75 days， a coast-to-coast journey consisting of roughly
1，100 miles.And “roughly” is the key word here — she’ll be pulling
a sled （雪橇） with equipment， weighing about 264 pounds
altogether， and she’ll be doing so in temperatures that can sink to minus
58 degrees Fahrenheit， with wind speeds of up to 60 miles per hour.
　　Her journey thus far required years of training.Prior to her 700-mile
South Pole journey， she prepared by attending a polar survival course in
Norway.She continued her training back home in the UK by dragging
tires， the closest thing to pulling a sled， and a month-long practice run
in Greenland.Ultimately， Chandi went on to finish her first South Pole
expedition in 40 days， a full eight days ahead of schedule.
　　When not otherwise setting records of human endurance in extreme
conditions， Chandi tries to inspire others in her day-to-day work.
　　Chandi will be posting interval （间隔） voice blog updates of her
phase two progress on her website， polar ， where a live
tracking map will also provide her current location at every point along her
journey.
　　“Nothing is impossible.I’ve always had this idea that I can achieve
something great， something that allows me to be a role model，”
Chandi shared on her blog.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一位独自到达南
极点的女性普里特·昌迪开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了第一位独自到达南
极点的女性普里特·昌迪开始进行穿越南极洲的激励人的探险故事。
9. Why does Chandi want to cross Antarctica？（　　）
A. To stick to a promise.
B. To take further challenges.
C. To raise money for poor women.
D. To realize her childhood dream.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的without
assistance以及第二段中的doing the journey alone and
unsupported可知，Preet Chandi是一个爱冒险的人，她穿越南
极洲是为了尝试有挑战性的事情。
10. Why did the author emphasize the word “roughly” in Paragraph 3？
（　　）
A. To hide the author’s bad memory of numbers.
B. To indicate there are more challenges facing Chandi.
C. To explain there is no proper word to describe the journey.
D. To show there is no official figure about the distance to Antarctica.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知，作者强调
“大约”是1，100英里，因为除了这个路程外，Chandi还面临着
沉重的设备、极度的低温以及大风等带来的困难。
11. What can we infer from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A. Survival training is a hard process.
B. Chandi got trained by pulling sleds.
C. The journey to South Pole was eventful.
D. Chandi made full preparations for her adventure.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四段内容可推知，她为这次探险
做了充分的准备工作。
12. Which words can best describe Chandi？（　　）
A. Inspiring and friendly.
B. Active and creative.
C. Confident and determined.
D. Adventurous and modest.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一段内容可知，Preet Chandi克服
困难，独自一人成功抵达南极点，这说明她有着坚定的意志；再
结合最后一段可推知，她是一位意志坚定且自信的女性。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Rainforests cover six percent of the Earth’s surface. There are
rainforests in many parts of the world， but the biggest forests are in South
America， Africa and South East Asia.There aren’t any rainforests in
Europe or North America.
　　About 75％ of all the types of animals come from rainforests.13.
（　　） There are many beautiful birds， insects and reptiles.Many of
them live in the trees， over 30 meters from the ground.There are also
thousands of different plants — and lots of them are tall trees！ It is
always hot in a rainforest and the ground is always wet.14.（　　）
　　The rainforests are very important for us.We need them！ The trees
and other plants in the forest help to make the air that we breathe.15.
（　　） They give us wood， rubber， fruits and many of our
medicines.
　　16. （　　） For example， many years ago there was a large
rainforest in Java.There were thousands of different plants and animals in
the forest， but now there is nothing.People cut down the trees because
they wanted to grow rice.They also wanted to grow rubber trees to make
rubber.Many animals lived in the rainforest.Some of them went to other
parts of Java， but many of them disappeared — forever.17.（　　）
The rainforests are in danger！
A. It is also very dark there.
B. They also help to control the weather.
C. They cut down the forest to make roads.
D. Many forest people try to save their forests.
E. Thousands and thousands of animals live in rainforests.
F. Unfortunately， in many places， the rainforests are in danger.
G. The same thing is happening now in many other parts of the world.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、
动植物资源、环境条件以及面临的危险。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了热带雨林的分布、
动植物资源、环境条件以及面临的危险。
13. E　上文讲述了热带雨林的动物种类大约占75％，下文讲述了热
带雨林里有许多鸟类、昆虫和爬行动物。由此可知，空处应与热带雨
林的动物有关，E项（成千上万的动物生活在热带雨林中）承上启
下，符合语境。
14. A　上文讲述了雨林的环境条件：雨林里总是很热，地面总是潮
湿的。A项（那里也很黑）进一步补充上文，符合语境。
15. B　上文讲述了我们需要雨林，森林中的植物制造我们呼吸的空
气。B项（它们也有助于控制天气）承接上文，符合语境。
16. F　下文列举了爪哇岛热带雨林消失的例子。F项（不幸的
是，在许多地方，热带雨林正处于危险之中）与下文构成例证关
系，符合语境。
17. G　根据上下文可知，爪哇岛的热带雨林被破坏，导致动植物消
失，所以空处应是说许多其他地方的热带雨林也在遭遇同样的困境，
所以很多热带雨林处于危险之中。G项（同样的事情现在正在世界许
多其他地方发生）符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　上周末你校组织了一次爬山活动，请把这次经历记录下来。内容
包括：
　　1. 出发的时间和乘坐的交通工具；
　　2. 爬山途中令你印象深刻的事情。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考范文：
　　Last weekend， I went to climb the mountain with my classmates.We
set off in the early morning by bus and arrived at the destination at 8
o’clock.I was fascinated by the beautiful scenery along the road， which
left a deep impression on me.We made an attempt to find the shortest way
in order to climb to the top of the mountain as soon as possible.After
failing many times， we finally found a road that was surrounded by many
trees.Along the way， we encountered a snake， which crawled away
immediately it saw us.Fortunately， no one was injured.Finally， we
climbed to the top of the mountain successfully.(共19张PPT)
单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　 ◇自我评价
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1. 　initial　adj. 开始的，最初的
2. 　confirm　 v. 证实，证明
3. 　crowd　 n. 人群
4. 　attempt　 n. 努力，尝试
5. 　unaware　 adj. 未觉察到的，未意识到的
6. 　guideline　 n. 指导方针，指导原则
7. 　liquid　 n. 液体，液态物
8. 　servant　 n. 仆人，佣人
initial　
confirm　
crowd　
attempt　
unaware　
guideline　
liquid　
servant　
9. 　charge　 n. 主管，负责
10. 　ahead　 adv. 在前面
11. 　chapter　 n. 章节
12. 　resident　 n. 居民，住户
charge　
ahead　
chapter　
resident　
Ⅰ.选用上面单词并用其适当形式填空
1. The application of AI technologies in health care industry is in
an 　initial　 stage compared with that in automatic driving.
2. The show began as soon as I took my place in the merry 　crowd　.
3. Latest development in relation to the disease will be discussed in detail
next 　chapter　.
4. The manager has not made up his mind yet as to who will be
in 　charge　 of the project.
5. I get so absorbed in doing something that I am 　unaware　 of things
happening around me.
initial　
crowd　
chapter　
charge　
unaware　
二、拓展单词
1. 　failure　 n.失败→fail v.失败
2. 　 injury　 n.伤，损害→injure v.伤害
3. 　permit　 v.允许，准许，许可→permission n.准许，允许
4. 　relate　 v.相联系，有关联；讲述→relation n.关联，关联性
→related adj.相关的
5. 　astonish　 v.使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishment n.吃惊，惊讶
→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
failure　
injury　
permit　
relate　
astonish　
6. 　surround　 v.环绕，围绕→surrounding v.包围，环绕n.周围环境
adj.周围的，附近的
7. 　consume　 v.消耗→consumption n.消耗，消费
8. 　depth　n.深，深度→deep adj.深的→deepen v.加深
9. 　broad　 adj.宽的，阔的→broaden v.拓宽
surround　
consume　
depth　
broad　
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. To prevent soft tissue 　injury　 （injure）， remember to warm up
before exercising.
2. The fee they are offering bears no 　relation　 （relate） to the
amount of work involved.
3. In some countries， tourists need to apply for the 　permission　
（permit） of the local people if they want to camp in some places.
4. Everyone in the museum was 　astonished　 （astonish） by the
beauty of the artworks on show.
5. While some people are motivated by a need for success， others are
motivated by a fear of 　failure　 （fail）.
injury　
relation　
permission　
astonished　
failure　
三、重点短语
1. 　focus on　 　集中（注意力、精力等）于
2. 　figure out　 　弄明白，搞清楚；理解；计算出
3. 　refer to ...as ...　 　把……称为……
4. 　stand for　 　代表；象征；表示
5. 　in charge　 　主管，负责
6. 　in search of　 　寻找
7. 　look back upon/on　 　回忆，回顾
8. 　leave an impression upon/on　 　给……留下印象
9. 　account for　 是……的原因；解释；导致；占……（比例）
focus on　
figure out　
refer to ...as ...　
stand for　
in charge　
in search of　
look back upon/on　
leave an impression upon/on　
account for　
10. 　in broad daylight　 　在大白天
11. 　succeed in doing sth　 　成功做成某事
12. 　bring ... into focus　 　使……成为焦点
in broad daylight　
succeed in doing sth　
bring ... into focus　
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1. The concerned parents and teachers went into the forest 　in search
of　 the missing child.
2. Conservationists have 　focused on　 setting aside natural reserves for
the wild species they are trying to protect during the past decade.
3. Could you say something to 　account for　 your absence from
school？
4. The blind boy playing the piano at the party 　left an impression
upon/on　 us.
in search
of　
focused on　
account for　
left an impression
upon/on　
5. The person who is 　in charge　 is Mr Wang.We can go to his office to
ask him about this thing.
6. The research team are still working hard to 　figure out　 it was what
that caused the disease.
in charge　
figure out　
四、经典句式
1. 动词-ing短语作结果状语
Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who
completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus 　marking
the beginning of European exploration of the Americas　 （标志着欧
洲人开始探索美洲）.
2. where引导非限制性定语从句
They are captured and taken inside the submarine， 　where they meet
the man in charge　 （在那里他们遇见了负责人）， Captain Nemo.
marking
the beginning of European exploration of the Americas　
where they meet
the man in charge　
3. 独立主格结构
Captain Nemo walked in front， 　one of his men following some
steps behind　 （他的一个随从紧随其后）.
4. 介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装句
Above me 　was the calm surface of the sea　 （是平静的海面）.
5. as if引导方式状语从句
Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I
could see 　as if I was in broad daylight　 （像我在明亮的日光
下）？
one of his men following some
steps behind　
was the calm surface of the sea　
as if I was in broad daylight　
Ⅳ.补全句子
1. On average， there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year， 　causing
about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries　.
在美国平均每年有800次龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1，500人
受伤。
2. Students should involve themselves in community activities， 　where
they can gain experience for growth　.
学生应该参与社区活动，在社区活动中他们能获得成长的经验。
causing
about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries　
where
they can gain experience for growth　
3. She hugged the caring twins tightly， 　her eyes flooded with/full of
tears　.
她紧紧地抱住贴心的双胞胎，双眸满是泪水。
4. In the north of our motherland 　stands the Great Wall　， which was
built in the Qin Dynasty.
祖国北方矗立着长城，它是在秦朝修建的。
5. David speaks English perfectly 　as if he had lived in the UK for many
years　.
大卫英语说得很棒，就好像他在英国住了很多年似的。
her eyes flooded with/full of
tears　
stands the Great Wall　
as if he had lived in the UK for many
years　
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1. In order to have the experience of adventure， he tried an extreme sport
last week.
为了体验冒险，上周他尝试了一项极限运动。
2. To an optimistic person， difficulties are just an entrance to a bright
future.
对于一个乐观的人来说，困难只是通往光明前程的入口。
3. The meaning of life is to give life meaning.
生命的意义在于赋予生命意义。
4. Life is filled with challenges.It is those challenges that make me who I
am today.
人生充满了挑战。正是那些挑战成就了今天的我。
5. Explore the earth like children do and see the world through new
eyes.There are amazing adventures here for you.
用孩子的方式去探索地球并用全新的目光去看世界。这里有令人惊
喜的探险在等着你。
6. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over， and hurt only serves
to make us stronger.
没有什么事情大到难以克服，伤痛只会使我们更加强大。
7. Adventure is the champagne of life. —G. K. Chesterton
探险是生命的香槟。 ——G. K. 切斯特顿(共10张PPT)
UNIT 5　What an adventure！
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
最近几十年我国的航天事业发展极
为迅速，包括一系列卫星中心的建立以及探月工程的快速推进。
　　The history of space exploration in China can date back to several
decades ago.In the mid-20th century， as some other nations began their
rush to become the first nation to reach the Moon.China began to go after
space travel， and before long it launched its first rocket into space.With
great progress in scientific technology， China began working on sending
humans into space.In 1993， China set up the China National Space
Administration（CNSA） to work on the space program.
　　The CNSA has several satellite launch centres throughout China.One
lies in Jiuquan， and it is used to launch satellites and other vehicles into
lower and medium orbits.The first Chinese astronaut was sent into space
from Jiuquan in 2003.The Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre is mainly used
to launch weather and communications satellites， and carrier rockets into
sun-synchronous orbits （太阳同步轨道）.The Xichang Satellite Launch
Centre， located in Sichuan Province， is the site of most heavy lift
launches for communications satellites， weather satellites， etc.The
Wenchang Satellite Launch Centre is located in Hainan.It has been
specially selected for its low latitude and is used for the country’s deep
space missions.
　　Now one of China’s major goals is to send more missions to the
Moon.So far， the CNSA has launched both orbital and lander missions to
the Moon’s surface.These missions have sent back valuable information
about the Moon.
　　It also focuses on the visit to Mars， including the possibility of
sending human teams to explore there.
　　China has cooperation with other nations in space
exploration.Cooperation between countries in space exploration helps
reduce costs and brings various countries together to solve technological
problems.China is interested in participating in international agreements
for future exploration.It currently works with the European Space Agency
（ESA）.Together， the CNSA and the ESA are working to build a
human settlement on the Moon.This “Moon Villa” would grow into a
test bed for many different activities.Exploration would be at the top of the
list， followed by space tourism.
【理解】
1. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
The introduction to China’s satellite launch centres.
2. What can we learn about CNSA according to the last paragraph？
It values international cooperation in space exploration.
The introduction to China’s satellite launch centres.
It values international cooperation in space exploration.
【积累】
1. launch vt. 发射
2. select vt. 选择
3. latitude n. 纬度
4. cooperation n. 合作
5. currently adv. 目前(共53张PPT)
Section Ⅳ　
Writing about a diving experience
目 录
2
演练佳作·写美文
1
细品课文·学手法
3
教材词汇·练续写
4
课时检测·提能力
细品课文·学手法
培养思维品质
1
Step 1　品教材范文
　　I couldn’t believe that I succeeded in diving and swam with the seals
for 10 minutes！ I never thought I could start an adventure under the sea
before， till my parents took me to the Farne Islands and tried diving
there.
　　We were offered two choices， either wreck diving — to see the
wrecked ship Somali， or scenic diving — to have a good time with the
grey seals.I chose the second one because it was less challenging and I
love sea animals.
　　Diving turned out to be much less difficult than I had imagined.I just
put on the instruments and followed my instructor.I was a bit scared but
my instructor told me to take it easy.At first， I could only see nothing，
but when my eyes gradually adjusted to the darkness， I could see deep
blue waves moving up and down， and small fishes swimming.Soon we
reached the spot， and I could breathe normally.
　　It was such a wonderful world.Before realising it， I had been in the
seaweed forest surrounded by the young seals.They were eager to get
close to me and dance around me.I reached out my hands to touch one of
them.All of a sudden， something big appeared on my right.I turned
around and almost got astonished.It was a huge male seal.I was so scared
fearing it would attack me.But it just touched me lightly with its body， as
if it wanted to hug me.I put my hands on its back， trying to feel its
smooth skin.The world here was so quiet that I felt that time had stopped.
Finally， my instructor gestured for me to go up.When I reached the
surface， I had to readjust to the sunlight.What had happened just now
was like a dream.
Step 2　析写作手法
学语言：
1. 使用否定词couldn’t和never起到了强调的作用，表达出作者对自
己海底潜水经历的出乎意料。
2. 使用被动语态We were offered ...，使表达更加地道；连词
either ...or ... 的使用使表达更加连贯。
3. at first， soon等过渡性词语的使用使故事的叙述更有逻辑。
4. 介词短语all of a sudden写出了潜水时不可预知的事情发生的突然，
很有画面感。
5. so ...that ...句式强调了当时作者的真实感受。
学结构：
1. Introduction： What I did.
2. Main body： The whole diving experience and what I saw.
3. Conclusion：What I felt.
Step 3　背出彩佳句
常用的开头语
1. Sanya is really beautiful！
三亚真美呀！
2. The sky is as bright as sapphire， and there are patches of coconut
forests， white sand and blue sea， which is unforgettable.
天空像蓝宝石一样透亮，还有成片的椰子林、洁白的沙滩和湛蓝的
大海，令人难以忘怀。
3. Among them， the most unforgettable one is underwater diving.其
中，最让我难忘的就是海底潜水。
主体部分常用表达
1. Wow！ How beautiful the ocean floor is！
哇！海底真美呀！
2. Schools of small fish swam past me， wagging their big tails.成群的
小鱼摆动着大尾巴从我面前游过。
3. The fish was very strange， long and flat body， a pair of small bean
eyes trickling round， gray and white body sparkling， a big， long
tail wagging.
这小鱼长得非常奇怪，身子又长又扁，一双小豆豆眼滴溜滴溜圆，
灰白相间的身体闪闪发光，一条大大的、长长的尾巴一摆一摆的。
4. In a moment they were gone.
不一会儿，它们便无影踪了。
常用的结束语
1. I asked my mother to let me dive next time.
我央求妈妈下次再让我来潜水。
2. My mother and I laughed together.What a wonderful diving
experience！
我和妈妈一起放声大笑。多么美好的一次潜水经历！
演练佳作·写美文
奠定写作功底
2
　　假定你是李华，6月16日下午你和你的家人去三亚旅游，生平
第一次潜水使你很激动。请你写一篇日记，记述潜水的经历，内
容包括：
　　1. 介绍潜水中的所见、所想；
　　2. 说明潜水的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁、话题 记叙文；第一次潜水
确定时态、人称 一般过去时；第一人称
布局文章结构 第一段：潜水的时间、地点、人物；
第二段：介绍潜水时的所见、所想；
第三段：说明潜水的感受
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1. 这是特神奇的一天。
It was a day of pure magic.
2. 今天下午我和我的家人去三亚附近的海中潜水。
I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this
afternoon.
3. 我首先发现的是我周围所有鲜艳的色彩。
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding
me.
It was a day of pure magic.
I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this
afternoon.
The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding
me.
4. 给我印象最深的是奇妙的珊瑚，它们的形状像扇子、盘子、蘑菇、
树枝和鹿角。
What impressed me most was the fantastic corals which were shaped
like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns
of deer.
5. 各种各样的雅观小鱼在珊瑚里面和周围游来游去。
All kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the
corals.
What impressed me most was the fantastic corals which were shaped
like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns
of deer.
All kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the
corals.
6. 不过，还有一些生物太危险，我是不被允许太靠近它们的，比
如鲨鱼。
However，some creatures such as sharks were very dangerous， so I
wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
7. 从这次经历中，我意识到惊人的水下世界正等待着我们去探索。
From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is
waiting for us to explore.
However，some creatures such as sharks were very dangerous， so I
wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is
waiting for us to explore.
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1. 用强调句改写要点4。
It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，plates，
mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed
me most.
2. 用so ...that ...引导的结果状语从句改写要点6。
However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I
wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，plates，
mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed
me most.
However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I
wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
16 June Sunday
　　 　It was a day of pure magic. I went diving beneath the ocean near
Sanya with my family this afternoon.　
16 June Sunday
　　 　It was a day of pure magic. I went diving beneath the ocean near
Sanya with my family this afternoon.　
　　 　The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours
surrounding me.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，
plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that
impressed me most.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were
swimming in and around the corals.However， some creatures such as
sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to
them.　
　　 　From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world
is waiting for us to explore.　
　　 　The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours
surrounding me.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，
plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that
impressed me most.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were
swimming in and around the corals.However， some creatures such as
sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to
them.　
　　 　From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world
is waiting for us to explore.　
教材词汇·练续写
体现学以致用
3
心理描写 confirm v.证实，证明
thrill n.惊险，刺激
unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的
fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的
astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishment n.惊讶
动作描写 crowd n.人群 v.涌上心头；拥挤
attempt n.努力，尝试
failure n.失败
bleeding n.流血，失血→bleed v.流血，失血
injury n.伤，损害
permit v.允许，准许，许可
consume v.消耗
distinguish v.看清；认出
surround v.环绕，围绕
人物描写 charge n.主管，负责
captain n.船长
wrinkled adj.有皱褶的
一、翻译句子
1. 被美丽的街灯迷住，Tin没有意识到即将到来的危险。
Fascinated by the beautiful street lights，Tin was unaware of the
approaching danger.
2. 一个醉酒的司机把他撞倒，使他受了重伤。
A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.
Fascinated by the beautiful street lights，Tin was unaware of the
approaching danger.
A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.
3. 他的腿流血了。一群人开始围住他看发生了什么事。
His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what
was happening.
4. 人群惊讶地张大了嘴注视着。
The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.
5. Mary目睹了事故的发生。就在那时，她学过的急救方法涌入了她
的脑海。
Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge
she learned crowded into her mind.
His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what
was happening.
The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.
Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge
she learned crowded into her mind.
6. 为了止血，她用绷带包扎伤口。
To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.
7. 她及时的帮助对Tin的康复起到了作用。
Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.
8. 这一事件使Mary坚定了将来成为医生的决心。
The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the
future.
To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.
Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.
The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the
future.
二、连句成篇
　　 　Fascinated by the beautiful street lights， Tin was unaware of the
approaching danger.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him
badly injured.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him
to see what was happening.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-
mouthed.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid
knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.To stop bleeding，she
covered the wound with a bandage.Her timely help made a difference to
Tin’s recovery.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become
a doctor in the future.　
　　 　Fascinated by the beautiful street lights， Tin was unaware of the
approaching danger.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him
badly injured.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him
to see what was happening.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-
mouthed.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid
knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.To stop bleeding，she
covered the wound with a bandage.Her timely help made a difference to
Tin’s recovery.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become
a doctor in the future.　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　The era known as the Age of Exploration， sometimes called the Age
of Discovery， officially began in the early 15th century.The period is
characterized as a time when Europeans began exploring the world by sea
in search of new trading routes， wealth， and knowledge.
　　Many nations were looking for goods such as silver and gold， but
one of the biggest reasons for exploration was the desire to find a new
route for the spice and silk trades.
　　The first of the journeys associated with the Age of Discovery were
conducted by the Portuguese.Portuguese explorers discovered the Madeira
Islands in 1419 and the Azores in 1427.Over the coming decades， they
would push farther south along the African coast， reaching the coast of
present-day Senegal by the 1440s and the Cape of Good Hope by
1490.Less than a decade later， in 1498， Vasco da Gama would follow
this route all the way to India.
　　While the Portuguese were opening new sea routes along Africa， the
Spanish also dreamed of finding new trade routes to the Far
East.Christopher Columbus， an Italian working for the Spanish
monarch， made his first journey in 1492.Instead of reaching India，
Columbus found the island of San Salvador in what is known today as the
Bahamas.He also explored the island of Hispaniola， home of modern-
day Haiti and the Dominican Republic.
　　Columbus would lead three more voyages to the Caribbean，
exploring parts of Cuba and the Central American coast.
　　Columbus’ journeys opened the door for the Spanish conquest of the
Americas.During the next century， men such as Hernan Cortes and
Francisco Pizarro would reach Mexico and Peru.
　　The Age of Exploration ended in the early 17th century after
technological advancements and increased knowledge of the world allowed
Europeans to travel easily across the globe by sea.The Age of Exploration
had a significant impact on geography.By travelling to different regions
around the globe， explorers were able to learn more about areas such as
Africa and the Americas and bring that knowledge back to Europe.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。地理大发现时代又称“航海大时
代”，是15世纪到17世纪欧洲船队在世界范围寻找新贸易航线的活
动。
1. How long did the Age of Exploration last？（　　）
A. About 100 years. B. About 200 years.
C. About 300 years. D. About 400 years.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段和最后一段内容可知，地理大
发现时代开始于15世纪初，结束于17世纪初，持续了大约200年。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。地理大发现时代又称“航海大时
代”，是15世纪到17世纪欧洲船队在世界范围寻找新贸易航线的活
动。
2. Who was the first to reach Asia according to the text？（　　）
A. Vasco da Gama.
B. Christopher Columbus.
C. Hernan Cortes.
D. Francisco Pizarro.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段内容可知，1498年，葡萄牙航
海家Vasco da Gama首先到达印度，是第一位到达亚洲的航海家。
3. What do we learn about Christopher Columbus？（　　）
A. He was working for his country.
B. He had been to the African coast.
C. Three voyages were made by him.
D. The aim of his first voyage was Asia.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第四至六段内容可知，Christopher
Columbus是为西班牙君主工作的意大利人；他一生共进行了四次
航海活动；他首次航行的目的地是印度，结果却到了巴哈马群岛的
圣萨尔瓦多岛。
4. What’s the main idea of the last paragraph？（　　）
A. The influence of the Age of Exploration.
B. The problem with the Age of Exploration.
C. How the Age of Exploration came to an end.
D. How the Age of Exploration changed America.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据最后一段内容可知，本段主要介绍了
地理大发现时代所带来的影响，并强调了对地理领域的影响。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　Sophie signed up for the baseball game.She knew she could 　5　
Gramps to help her.After all， Gramps had been a professional
player. 　6　， training with Gramps turned out to be hard work.For the
rest of the time before the match， Gramps 　7　 her all about the
game.If Sophie ever had 　8　 about being good enough to play， she
looked at Gramps and those doubts 　9　 disappeared.
　　However， when Sophie stepped up to the game for the first time，
Gramps was 　10　 to be seen.There was no time to do anything but go
ahead.Slam！ She swung the bat， and the ball was in the air 　11　 she
even realized she had hit it.First base， second base， and then
she 　12　 into third in a trail of dust.Her team jumped to their feet
in 　13　.Now， Gramps was standing right behind the bench， 　14　
louder than anyone else.
　　“Where did you go？” asked Sophie， rushing up to him after the
game.“I looked everywhere for you.I needed you！” “You
only 　15　 you needed me，” said Gramps.“The 　16　 is， when
you are in the game， you’re always on your own.Now you know you
can do it， with or without me.” Sophie nodded.“You’re 　17　.I
can do it on my own.” Then she smiled， “Any more 　18　 I need to
learn？” “When it comes to baseball，” said Gramps， “you
never 　19　 learning.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sophie跟着爷爷进行棒球训练，在比
赛时爷爷却找不到了，爷爷教给了Sophie一个教训，那就是比赛的时
候只能靠自己。
5. A. depend on B. watch over
C. compare to D. adapt to
解析： 　根据下文的Gramps had been a professional player.可知，
Sophie知道她可以依靠爷爷的帮助。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。Sophie跟着爷爷进行棒球训练，在比
赛时爷爷却找不到了，爷爷教给了Sophie一个教训，那就是比赛的时
候只能靠自己。
6. A. Besides B. However
C. Instead D. Otherwise
解析： 　和爷爷一起训练是一项艰苦的工作，与上文形成转折。
7. A. forgave B. demanded
C. taught D. affected
解析： 　根据下文her all about the game可知，爷爷教她所有关于
比赛的知识。
8. A. ideas B. plans
C. proposals D. doubts
解析： 　根据下文those doubts可知，Sophie曾经怀疑自己是否足
够优秀。
9. A. gradually B. likely
C. actually D. immediately
解析： 　爷爷在帮助她，质疑自己的她看看爷爷，这些怀疑立刻
消失了。
10. A. somewhere B. anywhere
C. nowhere D. everywhere
解析： 　根据最后一段的I looked everywhere for you.可知，当
Sophie第一次上场时，爷爷却不见了踪影，也就是在任何地方都
找不到爷爷。nowhere意为“任何地方都不”。
11. A. before B. after C. since D. though
解析： 　根据下文she even realized she had hit it可知，球在她意
识到击球之前就飞到了空中。
12. A. looked B. slid
C. crashed D. walked
解析： 　根据下文into third in a trail of dust可知，她到三垒的速
度很快（所以扬起尘土），所以是快捷而悄声地进入三垒。
13. A. curiosity B. alarm
C. shock D. excitement
解析： 　根据上文可知，她打上三垒，她的团队激动地跳了
起来。
14. A. cheering B. protesting
C. speaking D. requesting
解析： 　她打上三垒，大家都很开心，爷爷应该也很开心，比
任何人都更大声地欢呼。
15. A. appreciated B. thought
C. pretended D. understood
解析： 　根据下文可知，Sophie开场前找爷爷却没有找到，但在
爷爷不在场的情况下她发挥地很好，所以爷爷认为Sophie“只是
以为她需要自己”。
16. A. problem B. strategy
C. fact D. solution
解析： 　爷爷不在场的情况下她发挥地很好，说明事实是，当
她在比赛中，她总是靠自己。
17. A. anxious B. crazy
C. responsible D. right
解析： 　根据上文you’re always on your own， Sophie nodded.
和下文I can do it on my own.可知，Sophie认同爷爷，所以说“你
是对的”。
18. A. lessons B. challenges
C. attitudes D. goals
解析： 　根据I need to learn可知，此处表示“我还有什么课要学
吗”。
19. A. promote B. exchange
C. explore D. quit
解析： 　根据语境可知，爷爷建议她永远不能放弃学习。
Ⅲ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　On a nearly winter afternoon， my dad and I decided to climb the
Carpathian Mountains， about 4，500 feet high.My dad said it would be
an easy three-hour trip in a natural habitat.I couldn’t wait.Having spent
spring， summer， and early fall climbing the mountains， I felt
confident I’d have no trouble in climbing it.
　　The hillside we started was rather sloping （陡峭的）.This side of
the mountain was covered with a pine forest.The trees were incredibly
high and thick； their knotted large roots cut the ground here and there，
forming natural footsteps and making the climbing a little bit easier.The
air was fresh and clean.After about 30 minutes of climbing， we heard the
sound of a stream and rushed to it for a drink.
　　After about two hours of climbing， we found ourselves traveling
over snow-covered ridge （山脊）.The road became harder and more
dangerous.It seemed that my dad had made a mistake — the trip was not
that easy as he described.Watching the steep and rocky climb ahead， I
knew I was finished.My original confidence gave way to tiredness
completely.My knees were in great pain and my legs were trembling，
reaching the point where I couldn’t move them at all.The peak （山顶）
seemed unreachable.To make matters worse， snowflakes were starting to
fall and strong winds were gathering around me.I hopelessly stared at my
dad.“Dad， let’s go back.I can’t move an inch，” I said tiredly
with tears pooling in my eyes.
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　“Just one small step at a time，” Dad encouraged me. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
　Eventually， we made it to the peak. 　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
参考范文：
　　“Just one small step at a time，” Dad encouraged me. “We need
to keep moving.” “I can’t.” I insisted.“You can.Just take one
small step at a time.Keep your eyes focused on your feet and on me.”
Dad held my hands tightly as he continued to encourage me.“Just one
small step at a time，” Dad repeated as we climbed together.Some of my
steps were so small that we hardly moved at all， but I believe in the
power in his words.
　　Eventually， we made it to the peak. Standing on the peak， I saw a
range of snow-capped hills beneath.A wave of immediate excitement
welled up in my heart， howling winds also cheering for us.“We make
it！” I shouted crazily， hugging my dad tightly， big tears rolling down
my cheeks.Years have passed since that mountain climbing， but Dad’s
words have continued to be a life reminder for me — “Just one small step
at a time” will get me wherever I want to be.(共114张PPT)
Section Ⅰ　
Starting out & Understanding ideas
1
篇章助解·释疑难
目 录
2
文本透析·剖语篇
4
课时检测·提能力
3
核心知识·巧突破
篇章助解·释疑难
力推课前预习
1
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？
　　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience
[1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and
danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low
air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all
this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For
these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other，
[4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful.
　　[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
　　[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”，
become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。
　　[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。
　　[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语修饰前面的
experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。
　　[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others
powerful。
【读文清障】
①spend money on在……上花钱
②crowd n.人群
③discomfort n.不舒服；不安
④due to 由于
⑤lose one’s life失去某人的生命
⑥despite prep.尽管，不管
⑦by the end of到……的结尾
　　British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing
Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨
joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make
money⑩ to be able to enjoy life.That is [8]what life means and what life
is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924，
[9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is
still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma
before it took his life .
　　[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。
　　[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了
to。
　　[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表
语从句。
　　[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and， but， so连
用。
　　[10]该句中It是形式主语，if从句是真正的主语。
⑧write of 写到；文章中提及
⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的
⑩make money 赚钱
be able to do sth有能力做某事
succeed in doing sth成功做某事
take one’s life夺走某人的生命
　　In 2011，words similar to [11]those of Mallory were spoken by
American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed
Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains
around the world .“It brings into focus [13]what’s important to
you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and
only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason
[14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep
inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as
mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
　　[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。
　　[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充
说明这个人的情况。
　　[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
　　[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。
（be） similar to与……相似
around the world全世界
bring ... into focus使……成为焦点
turn around 转身
focus on 集中精力于
figure out 弄明白，搞清楚
as well as 和
　　[15]With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting
either in total success or failure ， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be
part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than
others.Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who
jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb
Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type
T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill ”.
　　Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
　　Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
　　With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth
the risks？ It’s totally up to you.
　　[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the
majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting
either in total success or failure。
　　[16]suggest此处意思是“表明”， that引导宾语从句。
attempt n.努力，尝试
either ...or ...要么……要么……
failure n.失败
scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的
（be） more likely to更有可能去……
be likely to do sth有可能做某事
take risks冒险
psychologist n.心理学家
refer to ... as ...把……称为……
stand for 代表
thrill n.惊险，刺激
be connected to 与……相关
benefit from从……中获益
be up to由……决定
【参考译文】
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
　　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人
愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至
有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计
划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
　　英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从
这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣
钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目
标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年
后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
　　2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一
年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让
你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你
回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重
要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身
体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
　　攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险
行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类
天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰
克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的
人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
　　在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会
说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也
不认为自己会死。”
　　研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处
有关。
　　了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？
答案完全取决于你自己。
文本透析·剖语篇
助力语篇理解
2
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1. What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A. The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma.
B. Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers.
C. People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma.
D. The great risks of climbing Qomolangma.
2. What can be inferred from George Mallory’s words in Paragraph 2？
（　　）
A. People care much about eating and making money.
B. It’s hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C. Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma.
D. Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining the pleasure of life.
3. What did British mountain climber George Mallory think of climbing
Qomolangma？（　　）
A. Make a living. B. Enjoy life.
C. Earn money. D. Make an adventure.
4. Which of the following personalities belongs to “Type T”？
（　　）
A. Adventurous. B. Outgoing.
C. Honest. D. Intelligent.
5. What can you infer from the last paragraph？（　　）
A. Why people like to climb Qomolangma.
B. It’s worth climbing Qomolangma.
C. It depends on you whether to climb or not.
D. Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
6. Which is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A. To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared， as risks
bring many benefits.
B. To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to
climb Qomolangma.
C. To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma，
as the risks outweigh the benefits.
D. To tell people that there are many stories about the people climbing
Qomolangma.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
climbers’ subjective motive for adventure.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，
“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep
going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most
important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself
and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental，
toughness to push when you want to stop.”
（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not
live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy
life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not
live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy
life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，
“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep
going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most
important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself
and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental，
toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
scientific reasons for adventure.
（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human
nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human
nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be
connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3. Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the
“Type T” personalities.
（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”，
with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”，
with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，
Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an
expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1. If you were given the chance， would you like to climb
Qomolangma？Why or why not？
Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2. Do you agree with Mallory’s and Arnette’s opinions？Why？
I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may
want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer
nature.
Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may
want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer
nature.
第五步：析难句表达升级
1. Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that
they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
句式分析 that引导 　定语　从句，修饰先行词experience， they
knew是 　插入语　。
自主翻译 　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年
仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。　
定语　
插入语　
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年
仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。　
2. For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no
other， making some feel weak and others， powerful.
句式分析 climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作 　主语　；
making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作 　结
果状语　。
自主翻译 　对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。　
主语　
结
果状语　
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的
体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。　
3. It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really
have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you
want to stop.
句式分析 to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式
短语作宾语you的 　补足语　；if引导 　宾语　从句；when引
导 　时间状语　从句。
自主翻译 　它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和
心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。　
补足语　
宾语　
时间状语　
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和
心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。　
核心知识·巧突破
探究课堂重点
3
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头
【教材原句】　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an
experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and
danger.
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意
为此花费大价钱。
【用法】
（1）a crowd of　　　　　　一群……
crowds of　　大量的，成群的
（2）crowd into　　挤入；涌入
crowd in on sb　　涌上心头；涌入脑海
be crowded with　　挤满了
【佳句】　The happy memory of getting along with my best friend
crowded in on me/into my mind.
我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。（友谊）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The conductor surrounded by a crowd 　of　 people was eager to make
a good impression on them.
②The meeting room was crowded 　with　 people， some of whom were
focusing on their mobile phones.
of　
with　
【写美】　补全句子
③With the memories 　crowding into　 her mind， she burst into tears.
回忆涌上心头，她突然哭了起来。
crowding into　
bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点
【教材原句】　It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你
聚焦于对你而言重要的事。
【用法】
（1）focus on/upon　　　 集中（注意力、精力等）于
focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth
　　把注意力集中到……
（2）the focus of attention　关注的焦点
（3）keep/stay focused 保持专注/集中注意力
【佳句】　My newly-made short video became the focus of attention，
making me an instant hit.
我新制作的短视频成了关注的焦点，使我一炮而红。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He has a strong desire to be admitted to a key university， and that’s
why he focuses his attention 　on/upon　 his study day after day.
②The issue of plastic pollution 　was brought　 （bring） into focus by
the documentary， prompting many to change their habits.
on/upon　
was brought　
【写美】　补全句子
③The lecture will 　focus on/upon　 the history and development of
Chinese characters.
讲座的主题是汉字的历史和演变。（通知）
focus on/upon　
turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转
【教材原句】　There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only
one to keep going.
纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。
turn ...into ... 把……变成……
turn up/down 　　开大，调大；出现/关小，调小；拒绝
turn on/off　　打开/关掉
turn over　　翻转；移交；仔细考虑
turn out　　制造，生产；结果是
It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是……
【用法】
【佳句】　The new headmaster has really turned the school around in
the past year.
新任校长在过去的一年里确实使学校有了起色。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①What upset me was that my application for the job was
turned 　down　.
②We had to turn 　around　 and find another path to the destination，
which took us several hours to finish the trip.
down　
around　
【写美】　补全句子
③ 　It turns out that　 helping others realise their dreams makes me more
pleasant.
事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。（主旨升华句）
It turns out that　
figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出
【教材原句】　It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out
if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push
when you want to stop.它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的
身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【用法】
（1）figure on　期待；指望，依赖
figure sth in　　将某事物包括在内/计算在内
figure that ...　　认为……，认定……
（2）keep one’s figure　　保持（优美的）身材
have a good figure　　有一个好身材
【佳句】　Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you
keep your figure as well as stay healthy.只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻
炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。（建议信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have figured 　in　 the cost of food and drink for our holiday.
②I can’t figure 　on　 him helping me with my homework because he is
always busy.
in　
on　
【写美】　补全句子
③To help foreign students better 　figure out　 our tea culture， we took
them to the tea room in our school.
为了帮助外国学生更好地了解我们的茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学
校的茶室。（活动介绍）
figure out　
attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth 尝试做某事
at one’s/the first attempt　（某人）第一次尝试
in an/one’s attempt to do sth 为了做某事
（2）attempt to do sth　　企图做某事，尝试做某事
（3）attempted adj.　　未遂的
attempted robbery　　抢劫未遂
【佳句】　I attempted to pass the exam， but it was too difficult.
我试图通过考试，但实在太难了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①John made an attempt 　to say　 （say） something to the professor，
only to find the professor was surrounded by many students.
②Some experts call for a change of lifestyle in an attempt 　to solve　
（solve） the environmental problems.
to say　
to solve　
【写美】　补全句子
③If you fail 　at the first attempt　， there is no need to be upset about
it.
如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。（鼓励信）
at the first attempt　
result in导致，造成
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）result from　　 　由于；由……造成
（2）as a result　　因此，结果
as a result of　　作为……的结果；因为……
with the result that ...　结果是……
【佳句】　At first， we all disagreed with him.As a result， he was
right.Afterwards， we became good friends.
最初，我们都不赞成他的观点。结果，他是对的。后来，我们成了好
朋友。
【助记】　图解“因果”
【练透】　 对比填空（result in/result from）
①I sincerely hope what I have done will not 　result in　 any discomfort
to you.
②As far as I’m concerned， her failure in the competition 　resulted
from　 her attitude.
result in　
resulted
from　
【写美】　 同义句转换
③The match was postponed to the next day because of bad weather.
→The weather was bad. 　As a result　， the match was postponed to the
next day.
④There was so much homework that we had to stay at home.
→We had to stay at home 　as a result of　 so much homework.
As a result　
as a result of　
failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma
resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason
behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为
的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】
（1）end in failure　　 以失败而告终
heart failure　　心脏衰竭
（2）fail v.　　失败；不及格；出故障
fail to do sth　　做某事失败；没能做成某事
fail in　　在某方面失败
（3）failed adj.　　失败的
【佳句】　As the old saying goes，“Failure is the mother of
success.”
俗话说：“失败是成功之母。”
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He is in a state of deep depression on account of his 　failure　 （fail）
to pass the examination.
②I’m sorry that I failed 　to go　 （go） out with you last weekend.
failure　
to go　
【写美】　补全句子
③ 　Words failed their mother　 when she wanted to express her thanks to
the twins.
当他们的母亲想向双胞胎道谢时，她不知道说什么好。（情感描写）
Words failed their mother　
stand for 代表；支持；容忍，忍受
【教材原句】　He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type
T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
（1）stand by　站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持
stand out　　显著；突出
stand up　　站立；站起来
stand up for　　维护，替……说话
（2）can’t stand sth/doing sth 不能忍受（做）某事
【用法】
【佳句】　For instance， we can find that the festivals are full of red
which stands for celebration， happiness， and long life.
举个例子，我们可以发现节日里充满了红色，红色代表着喜庆、幸福
和长寿。
【练透】　语境辨义
①We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries.
　支持　
②I can’t believe that you can stand for these naughty children.
　容忍，忍受　
【写美】　补全句子
③Having been painted red， the building 　stands out　 against the rest
and looks attractive.
因为被刷成了红色，这幢楼在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。
支持　
容忍，忍受　
stands out　
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】　Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian
explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus
marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451－1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了
西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。
【用法】
（1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动
词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强
调。
（2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加
only表示强调。
【品悟】　This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but
also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of
labour.
这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然，
让我们体验劳动的快乐。
【写美】　微写作
①这个心理学家匆忙赶到办公室，却发现他的钥匙丢了。
The psychologist hurried to his office， 　only to find　 his keys
missing.
only to find　
②这首歌在全国被传唱，这使它成为学生中最受欢迎的一首歌。
The song is sung all over the country， 　making it the most popular
one　 among students.
making it the most popular
one　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
4
维度一：品句填词
1. As is known to all， China is still in the 　initial　 （最初的） stage
of socialism.
2. The outdoor concert in his honour in the centre of Paris was a 　sheer　
（十足的） delight.
3. It is a great relief to see that people in the 　border　 （边界） areas
are living in peace.
initial　
sheer　
border　
4. Water is a compound containing the elements hydrogen
and 　oxygen　 （氧气）.
5. It has been 　confirmed　 （证实） that eating too much fat does
harm to our health.
6. For the convenience of the users， the library is divided into different
zones　.
7. Finally， it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a
crowd　 is not the same as being with friends.
8. He has broken the world record， thus　 winning his first gold medal.
oxygen　
confirmed　
ones　
rowd　
hus　
维度二：词形转换
1. Employed by the company she longed for， the girl was
very 　thrilled　 （thrill）.
2. Jane’s birthday party turned out to be a 　failure　 （fail）， for few
guests came to attend it.
3. The hotel will send you written 　confirmation　 （confirm） of your
booking.
4. On National Day， the streets were 　crowded　 （crowd） with a
large number of people.
thrilled　
failure　
confirmation　
crowded　
维度三：固定搭配和句式
1. I just wonder how you 　succeeded in persuading　 （成功说服）
Peter to change his mind.
2. Once you 　figure out　 （弄清楚） what the teacher explained to
us， you will have no difficulty doing your homework.
3. The couple spent 　good money　 （一大笔钱） decorating their new
house in the hope that it would be comfortable to live in.
4. Research has shown that having a preference to junk food can 　result
in　 （导致） obesity.
succeeded in persuading　
figure out　
good money　
result
in　
5. Some people think that high school students 　benefit from　 （受益
于） physical activity， while others believe that it is a waste of time.
6. It rained heavily in the south， 　causing serious flooding　 （造成了
严重的水灾） in several provinces.
7. He 　attempted to persuade　 （试图说服） his father to allow him to
do what he liked， but failed.
benefit from　
causing serious flooding　
attempted to persuade　
维度四：课文语法填空
　　Last year， hundreds of people spent a lot of money on climbing
Qomolangma， even though they knew they would be challenged with
different risks.For some people， climbing makes them feel
1. 　powerful　 （power）.
powerful　
　　George Mallory believed that we eat and make money 2. 　to enjoy　
（enjoy） life.Sadly， this climber lost his life in 1924 when he 3. 　was
climbing　 （climb） Qomolangma.4. 　It　 is still not known if he
succeeded in reaching the top before it took his life.Alan Arnette，
5. 　who　 climbed Qomolangma in 2011， held the idea that climbing
brought 6. 　into　 focus what was important to you in your life.He
believed that there were a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to
keep going.He added， “You have to focus on 7. 　the　 one reason
that’s most important and unique to you.It depends on the physical and
mental 8. 　toughness　 （tough） to push when you want to give up.”
to enjoy　
was
climbing　
It　
who　
into　
the　
toughness　
　　With the majority of attempts 9. 　resulting　 （result） either in
total success or failure， is there a scientific reason？Recent studies
indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature.Besides， people
enjoy climbing because they expect to benefit from the result.
　　Therefore， it’s 10. 　totally　 （total） up to you whether you
will take the risk of climbing Qomolangma.
resulting　
totally　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Jerry is a world-famous mountain climber.He has climbed many high
mountains in the world.Starting in 2015， he and his friends spent two
years on an adventure in South America， covering 7，800 miles.He was
even named Adventure of the Year by a famous geography magazine in
2018.
　　Although Jerry had achieved great success， he didn’t feel
fulfilled.He asked himself， “Is it enough to climb the highest
mountains？ Am I doing something helpful？ How can I turn my
adventures into something that can help the world？”
　　Jerry learned that scientists need plants， rocks and water samples
（样本） from the places far away to do research.But scientists can’t get
there themselves as such places are hard to reach — only the bravest
adventurers can make it.Jerry thought himself could do something to
help.He then came up with an idea.He set up a team of top adventures to
collect samples for scientists.By studying the samples， scientists could
know more about the Earth and find ways to protect it.
　　Recently Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special
plant life of Mountain Qomolangma.The samples they brought back have
helped scientists how plants live in extreme （极端的） conditions.
　　For Jerry， this kind of adventure is most satisfying.“Such
adventures had made us see life in a different way.Now， being the best
climber isn’t important for me， what matters is doing something helpful
while climbing the mountains.There is still much more we can do.” Jerry
said to a newspaper.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运
动员Jerry的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了世界著名的登山运
动员Jerry的故事。
1. What does the underlined word “fulfilled” in Paragraph 2 mean？
（　　）
A. Satisfied. B. Lonely.
C. Patient. D. Worried.
解析： 　词义猜测题。根据第二段中的Although Jerry had
achieved great success以及后面Jerry说的话可知，虽然Jerry取得了
巨大的成功，但是他并没有感到满足。由此可知，画线单词意为
“满意的，满足的”。
2. Why did Jerry set a team of top adventures？（　　）
A. To make friends. B. To help scientists.
C. To study plants. D. To train scientists.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的He set up a team of top
adventures to collect samples for scientists.可知，Jerry组建顶级探险
队是为了帮助科学家。
3. The adventures of Jerry and his friends had changed 　　　　.
（　　）
A. their hobbies
B. their friendship
C. their understanding of life
D. their living conditions
解析：C　细节理解题。根据最后一段Jerry说的话可知，Jerry和朋
友们的冒险经历改变了他们对生活的理解。
4. Which is the right order of the following events？ （　　）
①Jerry and his adventurer friends have discovered a special plant life
on Mount Qomolangma.
②He and his friends spent two years on an adventure in South
America.
③He set up a team of top adventures to collect samples for scientist.
④He was even named Adventurer of the Year by a famous geography
magazine.
A. ①③④② B. ④①③②
C. ②④①③ D. ②④③①
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句，第三段倒数第二句
以及第四段第一句可知，本题事件的顺序是②④③①。
B
　　On 7 May 2022， a mountain climber from Nepal set a new world
record for climbing Mount Everest the most times.Kami Rita， who’s
52， has now climbed Mount Everest 26 times.
　　Mount Everest is the world’s highest mountain.The mountain is so
high that the air is thin.This makes it hard to breathe and remain
active.The ice and snow on the mountain， along with cold temperatures
and strong winds， make the climb difficult and dangerous.Over 300
people have died trying to climb Mount Everest.
　　Many of the most talented guides， like Kami Rita and Tenzing
Norgay， are from a group of people called Sherpas.The Sherpas live in
the Himalayan mountains.They have the knowledge and the skills needed
to help foreign climbers become successful in their efforts.
　　Kami Rita comes from a mountain climbing family.Kami Rita has
been climbing mountains for over 35 years.He climbed Mount Everest for
the first time in 1994.Since then， he has climbed the mountain almost
every year.
　　In 2019， Kami Rita broke his own record twice in less than a
week.He climbed Mount Everest for the 23rd time on 15 May.Just six
days later， he climbed it for the 24th time.
　　Though Kami Rita is an expert on Mount Everest， he’s also
climbed many other high mountains in the Himalayas.He holds the world
record for climbing the most mountains taller than 8，000 meters.In all，
he’s climbed 38 mountains taller than 8，000 meters.
　　It’s not clear how long Kami Rita will continue to set climbing
records.He has said that he could probably continue to climb until he’s
sixty.He once said he would retire after climbing Mount Everest 25 times.
　　Kami Rita says he and his family became guides because they didn’t
have money for an education.But he doesn’t want his own children to
become climbing guides.He is happy that they can go to school and
won’t need to be exposed to the risks and dangers of mountain climbing.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山
者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经
成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。2022年5月7日，来自尼泊尔的登山
者Kami Rita创造了攀登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经
成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰26次。
5. What is special about Kami Rita？（　　）
A. He tried climbing Mount Everest earliest.
B. He reached the top of Mount Everest first.
C. He is the oldest challenger of Mount Everest.
D. He conquered Mount Everest the most times.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Kami Rita创造了攀
登珠穆朗玛峰次数最多的世界纪录——他已经成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰
26次。
6. What’s the second paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The real height of Mount Everest.
B. The natural conditions of Mount Everest.
C. The difficulty of climbing Mount Everest.
D. The popularity of climbing Mount Everest.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第二段内容可知，本段简要介绍了珠
穆朗玛峰的一些情况，主要说明攀登珠穆朗玛峰是非常之难。
7. What happened to Kami Rita in 2019？（　　）
A. He climbed Mount Everest twice.
B. He began to climb Mount Everest.
C. He broke the world record for the first time.
D. He climbed other mountains in the Himalayas.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第五段内容可知，2019年5月，Kami
Rita两次成功攀登珠穆朗玛峰并两次打破自己的世界纪录。
8. What does Kami Rita expect his children to do？（　　）
A. Climb Mount Everest.
B. Get a good education.
C. Become climbing guides.
D. Challenge what’s impossible.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，Kami Rita不希望
自己的孩子从事危险的登山行业，他最大的希望是让孩子接受良好
的教育。
C
　　20 July 2009 was the 40th anniversary of Apollo 11’s historic flight
to the moon， where astronauts Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin became
the first human beings to walk on the moon.40 years ago， space flight
inspired such awe （敬畏） that astronauts were honoured as heroes and
celebrities.40 years later none of us， besides space fanatics （狂热
者）， would likely to be able to name one astronaut in service today.
　　I got to thinking about the importance of continuing space
exploration.I hear many people criticize the importance of NASA and
space flight， most saying that it is a waste of time， and more
importantly money.I disagree with such assessments.Space exploration is
important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond， but it is
also important for the future of the earth and all of us living on it.
　　The Apollo missions inspired a whole generation of kids who wanted
to grow up to be astronauts， rocket scientists， and engineers.We all
know that science education has been slightly lacking in the United States
as of late.Don’t you think that NASA’s return to the moon， or more
importantly the much anticipated manned mission to Mars will again
inspire a whole new generation to reach for the stars so to speak？ I do.
　　You would think that the guys who burn a million pounds of rocket
fuel wouldn’t be the most environmentally minded people in the
world.However， most people don’t know that NASA does a lot of good
environmental research while they are up there looking down at all of
us.NASA has done a lot of work in studying air quality， climate change
alternative energy， and near earth objects， which as we all know from
the movies can destroy the earth any day now without warning， unless we
have a group of oil drillers， a nuke， and Bruce Willis.
　　We cannot ignore the importance of space exploration， nor be
complacent （自满的） in its meaning to all of us.I hope space
exploration can continue to inspire， educate， and provide for us in the
next 40 years as it has the last 40 years.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和
重要性。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。文章主要论述了太空探索的意义和
重要性。
9. What can we learn from the text？（　　）
A. Armstrong was the first man to fly in space in the world.
B. Science education for American students is highly developed.
C. The author considers space flight as a waste of money and time.
D. People today won’t admire astronauts as much as they did 40 years
ago.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知，今天的人们不
如40年前的人们那样崇拜宇航员。
10. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to？
（　　）
A. Space exploration. B. NASA.
C. Money. D. Humanity.
解析： 　代词指代题。根据画线词前的句子Space exploration is
important not only to humanity’s curiosity of the great beyond可推
知，画线词it指代的是太空探索。
11. How does NASA make a difference to the environment？（　　）
A. By burning less rocket fuel.
B. By finding greener energy.
C. By changing climate.
D. By making space movies.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句可知，NASA在环境
保护方面也做了很多工作，比如研究替代能源。
12. What’s the best title for the text？（　　）
A. How to Be an Astronaut
B. Where to Study Flight
C. Why to Explore Space
D. How to Do Space Research
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读文章并结合后四段内容可知，作者
着重介绍了继续太空探索的意义和重要性，即C项（为什么要进
行太空探索）为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　Just like every book， science fiction offers its readers a lot.13.
（　　） Whatever your favourite genre （体裁） is， there’s no
question that there are plenty of reasons to read sci-fi novels.Here are
some of them.
　　Warnings.
　　Sci-fi novels often show a world that depicts （描绘） our possible
future.If we keep mistreating the environment， for example， we’ll
live in a world with little or no natural resources.14.（　　） Most sci-fi
novels have a strong message about the way we’re living.
　　Stretch imagination.
　　Sci-fi novels differ from other genres， because they contain new
types of people， places， and inventions to keep things fresh.15.
（　　） Having a vivid imagination can have more benefits than you
realize.So why not pick up a book and start reading？
　　What if.
　　It’s natural for humans to wonder what would happen if we had run
society a different way in the past.These novels explore those ideas.16.
（　　） People say that they want an alien invasion， but that’s not the
truth.They just love reading about it and considering how the world would
react if it did actually occur.
　　For fun.
　　17. （　　） When you have free time， you don’t want to waste
it.If you like reading sci-fi novels because they give you enjoyment， then
you need no other reason to do so.Do whatever makes you happiest！
　　If you’ve never read sci-fi novels before， you should give them a
chance.
A. This can help you to expand your imagination.
B. There are plenty of sci-fi stories that aren’t just set in space.
C. The main reason you should read anything is that you enjoy it.
D. If we keep relying on technology， robots will take control over the
world.
E. It is not only entertaining， but it can also teach you something about
the world.
F. Some people admit they thought some sci-fi movies were based on
actual events.
G. They give us a brief idea of what life might have been like if we had
acted in a certain way.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几
个原因。
13. E　根据空前一句可知，和其他书一样，科幻小说的读者也受益
良多。E项（它不仅有趣，还能教你去认识世界）对此做出进一步说
明，符合语境。E项中的It指代空前的science fiction。
14. D　根据本段小标题Warnings.可知，本段介绍了科幻小说的
警示作用，D项（如果我们继续依赖科技，那么机器人就会掌控这
个世界）与小标题相呼应，符合语境，且D项与设空处前一句构成
并列关系。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科幻小说值得一读的几
个原因。
15. A　空前一句指出：科幻小说包含新的人物、地点和发明，给读
者带来新鲜感；空后一句指出：拥有生动的想象力的好处比你意识到
的要多，故A项（这有助于丰富你的想象力）符合语境。A项中的
imagination与小标题和空后一句中的imagination是原词复现。
16. G　根据空前两句可知，人类总会好奇，如果我们的社会以前是
以不同的方式运转的，那会发生什么事情呢？这就是科幻小说的内
容。G项承接上文，进一步做出说明，符合语境。G项中的They指代
空前一句中的These novels。
17. C　根据本段小标题For fun.可知，本段内容围绕乐趣展开，C项
（你应该阅读的主要理由是你很欣赏它）符合语境。C项中的enjoy it
与本段中的enjoyment和happiest相呼应。(共79张PPT)
Section Ⅱ　Using language
1
重难语法·要攻克
目 录
3
课时检测·提能力
2
知识要点·须拾遗
重难语法·要攻克
掌握核心语法
1
过去将来时
①Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that
they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
②In 2011， words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American
mountain climber Alan Arnette，who climbed Qomolangma in that year
and was going to climb other high mountains around the world.
③He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
④She told me she was coming to see me.
【我的发现】
　以上例句加蓝处均表示 　过去将来时　，其中句①是 　would do　
形式，句②是 　was going to do　形式，句③和句④是某些动词
的 　过去进行时　代替过去将来时。
过去将来时　
would do　
was going to do　
过去进行时　
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现
的状态。
1. “would＋动词原形”常表示根据过去计划或安排即将发生的事。
She told us that she would not pay a visit to the magnificent building，
if it rained.
她告诉我们，如果下雨的话她就不去参观那个宏伟的建筑了。
名师点津
“would＋动词原形”也可表示过去的某种习惯行为。
He would sit for hours doing nothing.
他过去常常会坐上几个小时无所事事。
2. “was/were going to＋动词原形”表示过去的打算和意图。
I was going to see Mr Brown the next day， but the appointment was
cancelled.
我本打算第二天去看布朗先生，但预约被取消了。
名师点津
“was/were going to＋动词原形”还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能
但不一定会发生某事。
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
3. “was/were about to＋动词原形”表示过去即将发生的事。
We were about to go out when it began to rain.
我们刚要出门突然天开始下雨。
4. 条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
I didn’t know when she would come， but when she came I would let
you know.
我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。（第一个when引
导宾语从句，可使用过去将来时；第二个when引导时间状语从
句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时）
5. 表示“位置转移”或“起止”的动词（如come，go，leave，
arrive， start等），其过去进行时可表示过去将来时。
She told her mother that she was going to a dance party with Mike.
她告诉她的母亲，她要和迈克一起去参加一个舞会。
【即时演练】　单句语法填空
①Our headmaster said that there 　would be　 （be） a sports meeting
next month.
②The boy was about 　to go　 （go） to bed when someone knocked at
the door.
③The bus driver told everybody to get ready because the bus 　was
starting　 （start）.
④He promised that he 　would buy　 （buy） some batteries for us
when he 　got　 （get） there.
⑤It was said that another school was 　to be built　 （build） in our
hometown next month.
would be　
to go　
was
starting　
would buy　
got　
to be built　
知识要点·须拾遗
关注高频词汇
2
unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的
【教材原句】　At first， the waters of the strait were calm and we spent
our days working， fishing and playing cards， happily unaware that we
wouldn’t be back for a very long time.
起初，海峡的水平静，我们整天工作、钓鱼、打牌，很快乐，却没有
意识到我们可能很长时间都回不去了。
【用法】
（1）be/become unaware of/that ... 　　不知道/未意识到……
（2）aware adj.　　知道的；意识到的
be/become aware of/that ...　　知道/明白/意识到……
make sb aware of/that ...　　让某人知道/意识到……
（3）awareness n.　　意识；知道
raise one’s awareness of ...　　唤起某人……的意识
【佳句】　We hope that you will make us aware of any shortcomings
which you may find in this plan.
我们希望你会让我们意识到你在这个计划里可能发现的任何缺陷。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In the library， the boy was lost in reading， so he wasn’t
aware 　that　 all the others had left.
②I get so absorbed in doing something that I’m 　unaware　 （aware）
of things happening around me.
③Many people are unaware 　of　 just how much food and drink they
have consumed.
that　
unaware　
of　
【写美】　补全句子
④It is a day 　to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans　
which are vital to human beings.
这是一个提高人们保护海洋的意识的日子，海洋对人类至关重要。
（环境保护）
to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans　
guideline n.指导方针，指导原则
【教材原句】　Complete the first aid guidelines with the words and
expressions in Activity 4.
用活动4中的单词和短语完成急救指南。
（1）guidance n.　　指导，引导
under the guidance of　　在……的指导下
（2）guide n.　　指南；指导的事物；导游；向导
vt.　　领路；指引，指导
guide sb to do sth指导某人去做某事
guide sb to/through/around ...　　带领某人到/穿过/参观……
【用法】
【佳句】　Peter was the first man to guide you to live a more meaningful
life.
彼得是第一个引导你过更有意义的生活的人。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Activities all take place under the 　guidance　 （guide） of an
experienced teacher.
②It was the girl who guided the blind man 　through　 the busy street.
guidance　
through　
【写美】　 句式升级
③We were guided by a local guide and visited the magnificent church.
→ 　Guided by a local guide　， we visited the magnificent church.（过
去分词短语作状语）
Guided by a local guide　
injury n.伤，损害
【教材原句】　Work in pairs.Offer first aid advice for injuries or illness
in Activity 5.
两人一组。为活动5中的伤病或疾病提供急救建议。
（1）injury to ...　　　对……的伤害
do sb an injury/do an injury to sb伤害某人
（2）injure vt.　　伤害
（3）injured adj.　　受伤的
the injured　　伤者
【用法】
【佳句】　Though injured in the leg， he was determined to finish the
marathon.
尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。
【点津】　the injured作主语时，谓语用复数形式。The injured were
sent to a nearby hospital.
伤者被送到附近的一家医院。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Hearing he wasn’t 　injured　 （injure） in the car accident，
everyone breathed a sigh of relief.
②The 　injury　 （injure） in her leg makes it impossible for her to
return to track and field.
injured　
injury　
【写美】　补全句子
③The rescue team rushed to the spot， 　gave first aid to the injured　
and then took them to the nearest hospital.
营救队冲往现场，给伤者进行急救，然后把他们送往最近的医院。
（动作链描写）
gave first aid to the injured　
stretch v.延伸，绵延 n.伸展，展开
【教材原句】　China’s National Highway 318， stretching over 5，
000 kilometres， runs from Shanghai to Zhangmu， Tibet.中国的318号
国道，全长5，000多公里，贯穿上海到西藏樟木。
（1）stretch to/into　 　延伸到……
stretch out　　伸出，伸开
stretch one’s legs　　（久坐之后）散散步，活动活动腿脚
stretch the truth/facts　　夸大事实，言过其实
（2）at full stretch　　全力以赴；尽量伸长手臂
【用法】
【佳句】　Row after row of orange trees stretched to the horizon.
一排排橙子树绵延不绝。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①With his hands stretched 　out　， the homeless boy begged for money
from passers-by.
out　
【写美】　补全句子
②They are making preparations for the coming College Entrance
Examination 　at full stretch　.
他们正在全力以赴地为即将到来的高考做准备。
at full stretch　
课时检测·提能力
培育学科素养
3
维度一：基础题型练
品句填词
1. Don’t burn plastic or 　rubber　 （橡胶）， for they can give off
poisonous gases.
2. On the edge of the jacket， there is a piece of 　cloth　 （布） that
gives off light in the dark.
rubber　
cloth　
3. The government is drawing up some new 　guidelines　 （指导方
针） on health and safety in schools.
4. When the two 　liquids　 （液体） are mixed together， they become
blue at once.
5. The location of our tourist destination is close to a 　port　 （港口）
with beautiful scenery.
6. The nurse washed the wound and wrapped it with a 　bandage　 （绷
带）.
guidelines　
liquids　
port　
bandage　
7. To her parents’ annoyance， she was completely 　unaware　 （未
意识到的） of the trouble she had caused.
8. Faced with emergencies， we should act quickly and calmly so as to
avoid unnecessary injuries　.
9. This drink doesn’t contain any alcohol　， so you can drink it if you
drive a car.
10. The Andes Mountains stretch　 for more than 8，000 km along the
west coast of South America.
unaware　
njuries　
lcohol　
tretch　
维度二：语法与写作
补全句子
1. Feeling embarrassed， I reminded myself that under no
circumstances 　would I commit such a mistake　 again.
我觉得尴尬极了，我提醒自己绝不会再犯这样的错误了。
2. She said she 　was coming to the party　， which made us very
happy.
她说她要来参加晚会，这使我们很高兴。
would I commit such a mistake　
was coming to the party　
3. When the telephone rang I had just put away my books and 　was
going to bed　.
电话铃响时，我刚把书收起来，正要上床睡觉。
4. I 　was about to give up when　 the solution came to me.
我刚要放弃，这时突然想到了解决办法。
5. Last Sunday 　we were going to visit the Great Wall　， but it rained.
上周日我们本想去游览长城的，但下雨了。
6. He took up the post as the general manager， little knowing how this
appointment 　was to change his life　.
他担任总经理一职，不知道这一任命将如何改变他的生活。
was
going to bed　
was about to give up when　
we were going to visit the Great Wall　
was to change his life　
7. They knew that we 　would never allow　 that to happen.
他们知道我们绝不会允许发生那样的事。
8. What she didn’t know was that her failure in that exam 　was to make
her lose her job　.
她不知道的是，那次考试的失败会使她丢掉工作。
would never allow　
was to make
her lose her job　
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，从括号中选择恰当的词汇填空。
　　Three days ago， my boss sent me to Oxford.Before I set off， I
called my nephew Jackson， who was studying in Oxford University.I
told him that I 1. 　was going　 （will go/was going） to Oxford for a
business meeting and 2. 　would see　 （would see/had seen） him after
it.Hearing that， he was excited and told me that he 3. 　
was going　
would see　
would show　 （will show/would show） me around his campus.We met
each other at a coffee shop.As we talked， Jackson told me that he
4. 　would be offered　 （would be offered/would offer） a job by a top
company as soon as he graduated， which surprised me a lot.I thought
that his parents 5. 　would be　 （had been/would be） happy as well
after hearing the news.I’m proud of Jackson and I 6. 　will ask　 （will
ask/would ask） my son to learn from him.
would show　
would be offered　
would be　
will ask　
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Anyone， whether they have ever been to Phoenix or not， would
know this about the place — it is hot.From June to September， the
temperature can easily go beyond the century mark.But that doesn’t stop
hikers from attempting the 1.3-mile hiking to the top of the city’s famed
Camelback Mountain.Signs warn that the trail is “extremely
difficult”.If you continue， a posted checklist suggests at least a liter
（升） of water per person.And if you’re still not stopped， another
sign farther up declares：“If you’re halfway through your water， turn
around！”
　　Unfortunately， many people do not take the warnings
seriously.Fortunately， Scott Cullymore does.The 53-year-old Cullymore
can be found hiking up and down Camelback a couple of times a day，
giving out cold bottles of water to worn-out hikers.He has helped supply
water to so many hikers that he has earned a heavenly nickname： the
Water Angel.
　　Cullymore was on Camelback Mountain one day in 2015 when a
British tourist died after being lost for nearly six hours in the July
heat.That experience inspired him to start helping people caught unaware
by the cruelty of Mother Nature.“They underestimate the mountain，
and they overestimate what they can do， and they get themselves in
trouble，” he warned.
　　One hiker who was offered water agrees.“You think you know the
heat， but then you get out here in the desert and it surrounds you like a
blanket，” said Austin Hill， who was hiking with a high school
friend.“They were lucky，” he said pointing to Cullymore.“We ran
into this Good Samaritan （乐善好施的人） here.” And with that， the
Water Angel goes in search of another hiker in need.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Scott Cullymore免费给登
山者送冷藏饮用水的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Scott Cullymore免费给登
山者送冷藏饮用水的故事。
1. What is the first paragraph mainly about？（　　）
A. The seriousness of the warnings along the trail.
B. The influence of the water supply on mountain hiking.
C. The risks in the summer hiking to Camelback Mountain.
D. The distribution of signs that warn hikers along the trail.
解析： 　段落大意题。根据第一段内容可知，在夏天去
Camelback Mountain远足是非常艰难的，原因有两个：一个是温度
很高，另一个是水。因此本段主要讲述了在夏天去Camelback
Mountain远足的风险。
2. Why did some hikers on Camelback Mountain get in trouble？
（　　）
A. They were not well trained in hiking.
B. They forgot to take enough water with them.
C. They were too optimistic about the situation.
D. They were not fit enough to hike the mountain.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，他们低估了这
座山，同时高估了自己的能力，因此他们陷入麻烦中，即对情况感
到过于乐观导致他们涉险。
3. What can we know about Austin Hill？（　　）
A. He agreed to help others.
B. He was saved by Cullymore.
C. He hiked alone in the desert.
D. He regretted taking a blanket.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的One hiker who was
offered water agrees.以及We ran into this Good Samaritan （乐善好施
的人） here.可知，Austin Hill遇到了为其提供水的Cullymore。由
此可知，Cullymore救了他。
4. What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A. The Water Angel
B. Surviving the Heat
C. Hikers in Need
D. The Camelback Mountain
解析： 　标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文主要讲述了Scott
Cullymore通过在山上给登山者发水来帮助他们，从而得到了“水
天使”的昵称。故A项为文章最佳标题。
B
　　Over the next 20 years， we are going to send more and better robots
to Mars.Those robots will send back better pictures， maps， samples，
and weather reports.There is a limit to what robots can tell us， though，
so eventually we will have to send people to study the planet.Before
people can visit Mars， we need to invent a spaceship that can take us
there.Mars is very far away.Depending on where Mars and Earth are in
their orbits around the Sun， it could take between six months to a year to
get there.
　　The Moon is much closer.Over the next 10 years， we are going to
work on building a new spacecraft that can go to the Moon.Using this
craft， we will practise the skills we need to go to Mars.
　　Once we get to the Moon， we are going to build a station so that
people can live and work on the Moon for months at a time.This is
important so that we have a place to start from when we want to visit
Mars， but it is also important because it gives us practice with living
away from Earth.
　　By the time you are old enough to be an astronaut， we will have
people spending months on the Moon.By the time you are old enough to
be a commander of a space mission we will be taking trips to Mars.By the
time your kids are old enough to be astronauts， we may have people
living on Mars.Wouldn’t it be cool to get a postcard from someone who
was building a house on Mars？ Wouldn’t it be cooler if it was you who
sent the postcard？
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类对火星的探索，并
对未来予以憧憬。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了人类对火星的探索，并
对未来予以憧憬。
5. We eventually have to send people to Mars because 　　　　.
（　　）
A. the pictures that robots have sent back are not very clear
B. robots can’t tell us all we want to know
C. robots are controlled by us humans
D. the samples robots have sent back are not good enough
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段的There is a limit to what robots
can tell us， though， so eventually we will have to send people to
study the planet.可知，我们之所以需要将人类送上火星，是因为仅
凭机器人，我们所掌握的信息是有限的。
6. From the first paragraph we can see the distance between Earth and
Mars 　　　　.（　　）
A. is not always the same
B. is nearly the same
C. is unchangeable
D. never changes very much
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第一段的最后一句可知，从地球到火
星需要6至12个月的时间，由此可知，火星和地球之间的距离是不
固定的。
7. Why is a space station on the Moon important？（　　）
A. Because people can learn to adapt to living on other planets.
B. Because people can practise planting crops in it.
C. Because the new spacecraft can only land in it.
D. Because astronauts can practise skills they need to go to Mars.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段的最后一句可知，空间站
可以给人们提供离开地球生活的实践经历，说明人们在空间站可以
学会适应其他星球上的生活。
8. The author of the passage 　　　　.（　　）
A. thinks that trips to the Moon are an unrealistic dream
B. encourages kids to be astronauts
C. hopes to receive a postcard from Mars
D. is sure people’s dream of living on Mars will come true
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段的By the time your kids are
old enough to be astronauts， we may have people living on Mars.可
知，作者认为在未来，会有人在火星上生活，说明作者相信人类在
火星上生活的梦想终会实现。
C
　　Lac Rose in Senegal about 30 kilometers northeast of Dakar is the
highest salinity （盐度） lake in the world.Much higher salinity is what
gives the lake its famous pink color that changes from a slightly rose pink
in the rainy season into a super bright pink during the dry season when
salinity at its highest.
　　The high salt content draws the salt harvesters （收获者） to its
banks.First， to protect their skin from the salt， they put a kind of
natural vegetable fat on their bodies before entering the water.Using a
wooden tool， they drag the salt into the basket made from reeds （a kind
of plant）.There are three different kinds of salt.There’s a type of very
powdery salt that is only gathered during the Harmattan when the western
winds blow from the Sahara over West Africa every year.As the finest or
highest grade of salt，
the powdery salt is used mainly for cooking.The second type of salt is
rougher and always present at the bottom of the lake.This type of salt is
generally used for general cooking.Sometimes it is even used for building
roads.The third type of salt is the roughest kind that people prefer for their
beauty treatments.To harvest this type of salt， salt harvesters put some
wood to the bottom of the lake and over time， big salt crystals （晶体）
begin to form on them.
　　Lac Rose is considered as a world heritage site and the local people
are willing to share their beauty. The healthy， natural regulation （制
度） of the use of the natural resources of this lake is one of the most
impressive aspects of the community surrounding this lake. There are no
laws needed to protect it. Everyone takes a little bit of what they need and
nothing more. There is enough for everyone in the local community. It is
a good example of the power of respect and trust in local community.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上盐度最高的湖—
—玫瑰湖，以及当地人怎样收获玫瑰湖里的盐和对它的保护。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了世界上盐度最高的湖—
—玫瑰湖，以及当地人怎样收获玫瑰湖里的盐和对它的保护。
9. What causes the change of the lake’s pink color？（　　）
A. The temperature of the water.
B. The salinity of the lake.
C. The height above sea level.
D. The height of the sun.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第一段第二句可知，湖的盐度导致湖
面呈现粉色。
10. What can we learn from Paragraph 2？（　　）
A. Powdery salt can be get at any time.
B. Rougher salt contributes to making women beautiful.
C. Harvesters suffer a skin problem because of their work.
D. Harvesters try to do no harm to the lake while working.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句可知，收获者用传
统的方法收集湖里的盐。由此推知，他们这样做是为了尽量不对
湖造成危害。
11. Which word can best describe the local people？（　　）
A. Poor. B. Brave.
C. Responsible. D. Humorous.
解析： 　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，即使没有法律
保护，当地人对湖泊也能健康的使用。由此可推断，当地人是负
责任的。
12. In which section of a newspaper can we find the text？（　　）
A. Health. B. Technology.
C. Nature. D. Business.
解析： 　推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了世界上
盐度最高的湖——玫瑰湖，以及当地人怎样收获玫瑰湖里的盐和
对它的保护。由此推知，本文很有可能出自报纸的“自然”版。
Ⅱ.完形填空
　　It was 17 May and I had been out of communication since the
13th.People were certainly 　13　 me， but how could they find me and
my 　14　 snowmobile in a sea of white snow？
　　I am Brian Koonoo， from Pond Inlet.The 　15　 experience began
with a trip for exploring.I left on a snowmobile on 10 May， 　16　 a
sled （雪橇）.Before departure， I had intended to stop by hunters’
cabins （小木屋） on my trip.During the 　17　 ride to the first cabin，
my SSB radio and sleeping bag dropped off the sled and got lost.The
situation continued to 　18　 — my snowmobile broke down.The days
were ugly.Blowing snow 　19　 visibility to a few meters.I had to go to
Repulse Bay.It would be a tough 　20　 over hilly terrain （地形），
but I had no other 　21　.I set out on foot.
　　I kept moving forward 　22　 I was worn out.Thus I stopped for a
rest.Then I saw searching planes flying overhead and I 　23　 waved.But
nobody found me. 　24　 in a snow cave，I dreamed of my family.At
home， life was 　25　 — watching films and hunting seals.I couldn’t
give up.I 　26　 the freezing cold alone for five days before arriving at
Repulse Bay.It was my family that 　27　 me whenever I collapsed.They
gave me power to survive.I felt I was so lucky.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者驾驶着雪地机动车
去探险，途中遭遇了糟糕的天气，但作者勇敢面对困境并战胜困境
的故事。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者驾驶着雪地机动车
去探险，途中遭遇了糟糕的天气，但作者勇敢面对困境并战胜困境
的故事。
13. A. worrying about B. searching for
C. running after D. getting at
解析： 　根据下文中的but how could they find me可知，人们正
在寻找作者。
14. A. broken B. worn
C. favorite D. modern
解析： 　根据第二段中的my snowmobile broke down可知，这里
指坏了的雪地机动车。
15. A. unlucky B. unreal
C. unfavorable D. unforgettable
解析： 　根据最后一段中的They gave me power to survive.I felt I
was so lucky.可知，这是一次生死攸关的经历，作者会终生难
忘，因此是难忘的经历。
16. A. lifting B. dragging
C. throwing D. pushing
解析： 　5月10日作者驾驶着雪地机动车，拖着雪橇离开了。
17. A. rough B. dangerous
C. long D. random
解析： 　根据下文中的my SSB radio and sleeping bag dropped off
the sled and got lost可知，这一路路途颠簸，因此睡袋和收音机才
会掉落丢失。
18. A. worsen B. change
C. recover D. arise
解析： 　根据下文中的my snowmobile broke down可知，又出现
了糟糕的事情，因此是情况恶化了。
19. A. attached B. reduced
C. consumed D. adjusted
解析： 　根据Blowing snow可知，大雪纷飞会降低能见度。
20. A. way B. ride
C. walk D. circumstance
解析： 　根据下文I set out on foot.可知，此处说的是在山路
上行走。
21. A. destination B. alternative
C. opportunity D. inspiration
解析： 　山路崎岖，道路难走，但作者此时别无选择。
22. A. although B. before
C. until D. when
解析： 　根据语境可知，作者一直艰难行走，直到筋疲力尽，
才停下来休息。
23. A. gradually B. deliberately
C. steadily D. desperately
解析： 　在这危险的境地，作者看到了搜救的飞机在头顶飞
过，终于看到了希望，因此作者会拼命地挥手想要引起注意。
24. A. Sheltering B. Withdrawing
C. Suffering D. Camping
解析： 　根据上文my SSB radio and sleeping bag dropped off the
sled and got lost可知，作者的收音机和睡袋已经丢失，因此只能在
雪洞里躲避风雪。
25. A. precious B. simple
C. fixed D. ideal
解析： 　根据下文watching films and hunting seals可知，在家里
的生活是简单的。
26. A. experienced B. witnessed
C. braved D. challenged
解析： 　根据上文I couldn’t give up.可知，作者在这危险的境
地里，选择勇敢面对严寒。
27. A. comforted B. calmed
C. accompanied D. encouraged
解析： 　根据下文They gave me power to survive.可知，此处是
指家人的爱时刻鼓励着作者。
Ⅲ.语法填空
　　I climbed Kilimanjaro with Lava Expeditions （探险队） during the
rainy season.
　　I 28. 　　　　　　 （fly） to Nairobi in Kenya and spent several
days there.At my hotel in Nairobi I met the rest of the group with whom I
would spend the next week.We all travelled on the bus together for
29. 　　　　　　 8-hour journey into Tanzania and then Arusha， a quiet
town.
　　After we arrived at our hotel in Arusha， we had dinner and a few
drinks.Then we 30. 　　　　　　 （introduce） to more members
including Taddeus Minja， the main guide， 31. 　　　　　　 was very
experienced — climbing Kilimanjaro runs through the generations of his
family.
　　The next day the Lava Expeditions members checked if we had the
correct and enough clothing for our expedition on Kilimanjaro.Only one
person needed to bring 32. 　　　　　　 （many） clothes.
　　After that we set off， 33. 　　　　　　 （walk） in the rain
through the beauty of the rainforest， all the way to the first camp.I was
happy the next few days as the view was so 34. 　　　　　　
（wonder） and changed every day.I suffered a little during the trip and I
felt so tired.But the members of Lava Expeditions provided me with lots
of encouragement， which was one of the best 35. 　　　　　　
（memory）.Finally we reached the top of Kilimanjaro in bright blue
skies.
　　I felt excited about climbing Kilimanjaro and the feeling didn’t
change during my trip.The fellow members of Lava Expeditions looked
36. 　　　　　　 me so well that I was 37. 　　　　　　 （deep）
thankful for their help.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中介绍了自己和熔岩探
险队一起攀登乞力马扎罗山的经历，并感激熔岩探险队成员对自己
的鼓励和帮助。
28. flew　考查动词的时态。从下文and spent several days there可知，
空处应用一般过去时。故填flew。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。作者在文章中介绍了自己和熔岩探
险队一起攀登乞力马扎罗山的经历，并感激熔岩探险队成员对自己
的鼓励和帮助。
29. an　考查冠词。根据语境可知，这里指“一段8小时的旅程”，所
以用不定冠词，且8-hour的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
30. were introduced　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。主语we与
谓语introduce构成被动关系，且描述过去发生的事情，应用一般过去
时的被动语态。且主语为we，be动词用were。故填were introduced。
31. who　考查定语从句。空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词
guide，指人，从句缺少主语。故填who。
32. more　考查比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示“更多的”，应用
比较级。故填more。
33. walking　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处作状语，
walk与逻辑主语we构成主谓关系，故用动词-ing形式。故填walking。
34. wonderful　考查词形转换。分析句子结构可知，设空处作表语，
应用形容词。故填wonderful。
35. memories　考查名词的数。memory为可数名词，且one of后接名
词复数形式。故填memories。
36. after　考查介词。look after“照顾”。故填after。
37. deeply　考查词形转换。修饰形容词thankful应用副词。故填
deeply。(共89张PPT)
单元质量检测（五）　
What an adventure！
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三
个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回
答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. When will Bill return the car to Sue？（　　）
A. By 4：30. B. By 5：00. C. By 5：30.
2. How does the woman usually go to work？（　　）
A. By taxi. B. By bus. C. On foot.
3. What do we know about the woman？（　　）
A. She was asked to give up science.
B. She has decided to go to business school.
C. She will not be a successful manager.
4. What will the speakers do first？（　　）
A. Have a cup of tea.
B. See the elephants.
C. Watch the dolphin show.
5. What is the man going to buy on Tuesday？（　　）
A. A book.
B. A magazine.
C. A football.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中
所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你
将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟
的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6. What will the man do this weekend？（　　）
A. See a movie.
B. Stay at home.
C. Have a birthday party.
7. What is the man’s problem？（　　）
A. He has no money.
B. He gets injured.
C. He worries about his study.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8. When will Sophie go to Florida？（　　）
A. On June 30th.
B. On June 28th.
C. On June 26th.
9. What is Sophie going to do in Orlando？（　　）
A. Visit theme parks.
B. Go to a nature reserve.
C. Go camping.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10. What is the conversation about？（　　）
A. Renting a car.
B. Selling a car.
C. Advertising a car.
11. Which brand of car does the man finally get？（　　）
A. Hyundai Accent.
B. Buick Excelle.
C. Toyota Corolla.
12. What does the man do before driving the car away？（　　）
A. He has an examination of it.
B. He marks his name on the form.
C. He puts a spare key away.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13. Where is the man moving to next year？（　　）
A. Italy. B. Spain. C. Argentina.
14. What does the man say about his French？（　　）
A. He is good at it.
B. He studied it at school.
C. He’s still learning it.
15. What kind of school did the woman go to in Thailand？（　　）
A. A local school.
B. An American school.
C. A school for international students.
16. According to the man， what is best for learning a new language？
（　　）
A. Studying it every day.
B. Living in another country.
C. Communicating with the native people.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17. When did the robbery take place？（　　）
A. Last Sunday afternoon.
B. Yesterday at 11：00 pm.
C. Last Saturday night.
18. How much are the goods worth altogether？（　　）
A. $2，600. B. $1，600. C. $500.
19. What should students do if they have information？（　　）
A. Call the local police.
B. Tell the staff at Coolidge Hall.
C. Call campus security.
20. What will the thieves probably try to do next？（　　）
A. Steal more things.
B. Sell the stolen goods.
C. Return what they took.
听力原文：
（Text 1）
M：Can I borrow your car for a few hours this afternoon， Sue？
W：Sure， Bill. But I need it back by 5：00.
M：I’ll have it back by 4：30.
（Text 2）
M：Do you usually go to work by taxi？
W：Well， the company is so close to my home that I often go there on
foot， except when I’m in a hurry.
（Text 3）
W：Daddy， I have decided to give up science and go to business school.
M：Well， it is your choice， but I should warn you that not everyone
with a business degree will be a successful manager.
（Text 4）
W：Let’s get something to drink and then go to see the elephants.
M：But the dolphin show starts in two minutes.I really want to see
that.We can get a cup of tea afterwards.
W：Good idea.
（Text 5）
W：Did you go to the bookstore， Andy？
M：Yes， but they didn’t have all the things I wanted to buy.
W：Not even your superhero book？
M：I got that， but my football magazine won’t arrive until Tuesday，
so I’ll buy one then.
（Text 6）
W：What are you doing this weekend？How about going to the movies？
M：Sorry. I’m broke.I guess I’ll just hang out at home， probably
study and watch the tube.
W：That’s too bad.The same thing happened to me last month.I was
short of money after my birthday.
（Text 7）
M：So， Sophie， are you going on holiday with your family this
summer？
W：Yeah， we’re going to Florida two days after the end of the
term.We finish this term on June 28th， right？
M：That’s right ... so who’s going？
W：Mum and Dad， obviously ... but my sister’s not coming this
year， just my little brother.
M：Oh well， nothing’s perfect！What are you doing there？
W：We’re spending a week in Orlando， you know， visiting all the
theme parks. Then we’re staying in another place near Orlando called the
Everglades.
M：What’s that？
W：It’s a nature reserve， with crocodiles and birds and other animals.
We’re going camping！
M：It sounds really cool！You are so lucky！
W：I know.I can’t wait！
（Text 8）
M：Is the car ready？
W：Yes.We have it all ready for e and have a look.
M：Okay.Is it a Hyundai Accent or a Buick Excelle？
W：A Toyota Corolla.It’s very popular this year！
M：Yeah， I have seen it advertised.This is really nice！
W：Now， make a note here if you find anything wrong.
M：Well， it all looks pretty good.Uh， there’s a small scratch right
here.
W：Okay， just mark that on the form， and that way， we know when
you return the car that you didn’t cause the damage.
M：Oh， good idea.Well， I can’t find anything else.
W：Good.Now， here’s the key — and take a look inside and make
sure everything’s working all right.
M：That’s okay.It is done！
（Text 9）
W：Why are you studying？I thought you already graduated from
college.
M：I did， but I decided to take a class to learn Spanish.My company is
sending me to Argentina next year， and I want to be able to communicate
with the people there.
W：That’s great.How’s it going so far？
M：It’s pretty hard.I took French in school， but I was never good at
it， even though I studied every day.Spanish isn’t any easier.Can you
speak another language？
W：I can speak a bit of Italian.I think you really have to live in another
country to learn the language.
M：Yeah.I want to get the basics down with this class， but I’m hoping
I’ll really learn how to speak Spanish when I live in South America.Did
you study Thai while you were in Thailand？
W：No.I went to the US Institute of Thailand， so we only spoke
English.
M：You have to communicate with the local people！No wonder you
didn’t learn Thai.
（Text 10）
M：Attention， all students.By now， all of you have heard about the
event that happened at Coolidge Hall last weekend.On Saturday night at
about 11：00， two freshmen reported that their TV， DVD player， and
both of their computers were stolen from their dorm room.Their Samsung
TV and DVD player together are valued at$600， but their Apple
computers are each valued at $1，000.Because the total value of these
goods is over$500， it is the most serious type of crime.So far，
campus security and the local police have been unable to find the stolen
items or the thieves.We need your help.If you were in the area of
Coolidge Hall at the time of the robbery， and you think you saw
something， please contact campus security at 658－2230.You can also
stop by one of the three offices on campus 24 hours a day.Please do not
contact the local police department directly.They are very busy with other
cases，
and they have asked that all information about this case go through campus
security.Please keep an eye out for the items.Whoever took them probably
wants to sell them before taking anything else.If you are offered some
“used”electronics that match the description of the stolen goods，
please call us right away.In the meantime， we are adding extra security
staff around the dormitories， but please be especially careful with your
valuable items.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
A
13-Day Arnhem Land Adventure
　　Nhulunbuy — Darwin
　　From $12，395 pp twin share （pp＝per person）
　　Fully accommodated
　　Trip lasts from May to September
　　Call 1800：688 222
　　.au
　　Discover an unknown land on this special adventure through the heart
of Arnhem Land.Travelling from Nhulunbuy to Darwin， you’ll journey
through areas that no other tour company can take you， and that few
outsiders have ever seen.Along the way， stay in our network of luxurious
safari camps （豪华的游猎营地） and wilderness houses， including the
Seven Spirit Bay on the Cobourg Peninsula.As part of the adventure，
you’ll also enjoy real cultural activities with indigenous （土著的）
guides， learning about this place from those who know it best.
　　Most exciting parts of the adventure include：
　　·Spend 7 nights in our network of safari camps and houses
　　·Discover the Arafura Swamp， location for the film “Ten Canoes”
　　·View ancient rock art galleries and sail in wetlands at Davidson’s
Arnhemland Safaris， Mount Borradaile
　　·Enjoy a Welcome to Country performance at Yirrkala
　　·Explore a historic Victoria Settlement at Port Essington， Circa 1838
　　·Discover the waters of the Cobourg Marine Park Sanctuary
　　·Fish for barramundi & enjoy breathtaking sea adventures
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了13天阿纳姆陆地冒险的
相关信息。
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了13天阿纳姆陆地冒险的
相关信息。
21. What do we know about this trip？（　　）
A. It starts at Arnhem Land.
B. It will be organised for September first.
C. It requires every visitor to spend at least $12，395.
D. It asks people to pay additional money for their accommodation.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据From $12，395 pp twin share
（pp＝per person）可知，这次旅行要求每位游客至少花费
12，395美元。
22. What service does the trip provide for visitors？（　　）
A. Exploring Arnhem Land deeply like other companies do.
B. Experiencing local culture with indigenous guides.
C. Travelling with experienced outsiders.
D. Making camp in the wild.
解析： 细节理解题。根据中间段中的As part of the
adventure ...those who know it best.可知，在这次旅行中，游客可
以与土著导游一起体验当地文化。
23. What is one of the most attractive parts of this adventure？（　　）
A. Having chances to cook fish alone.
B. Visiting historical sites at Yirrkala.
C. Spending nights at safari camps.
D. Taking part in making a film.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据Most exciting parts of the adventure
include：中的Spend 7 nights in our network of safari camps and
houses可知，这次冒险最吸引人的部分是可以在狩猎营地过夜。
B
　　There’s a change in the sky， the clouds are gathering and there’s
a rumble and howl （隆隆声和呼啸声） in the distance. It’s a tornado
（龙卷风）， one of nature’s most destructive forces.Most of us would
panic at this point and hide in the house.But Warren Faidley grabs his
camera， jumps in his car and heads right for the storm.Faidley is a storm
chaser （追逐者） and makes his living by getting as close to tornados as
possible to capture them in photographs or on video.
　　Faidley’s first chase nearly killed him and taught him something that
has stayed with him to this day.“When I was twelve I was swept away by
a flash flood.I was conducting my first ‘chase’along the banks of a fast-
flowing river.Suddenly， the bank gave way and I fell into the
floodwaters.I was carried under water and then my foot found a rock，
allowing me to stick my head above the water.That event had a significant
effect on me — I knew I had to live life to the fullest.”
　　He soon moved on to more profitable pursuits （爱好）.“About a
year after my near-death experience， I decided to ride my bike into the
centre of a large dust devil （尘暴）， a much smaller type of tornado. I
formed a gang of local kids and we chased after these mini-tornadoes.It
was these experiences that drew me to my first job， collecting scorpions
（蝎子）.The heavy rainstorms drove them out of their hiding places and
I collected and sold them to an old man.”
　　He goes on to say：“Chasing is extremely dangerous.One recent
scary event occurred when I fled a terrible storm in Texas.The winds
became so intense the truck could hardly move； rocks were lifted and
smashed into the windshield！”
　　Some companies want to make a film based on his adventures， but
Faidley says：“I’m not committed to anything yet.I’ve devoted my
life to chasing， sold my soul to those pursuits and turned them into a
million-dollar career.I will not give it away.”
　　Faidley’s photography has been greatly admired.He explains，
“As an artist， I’m always looking for that perfect shot.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了风暴猎人Warren
Faidley追逐风暴的经历。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了风暴猎人Warren
Faidley追逐风暴的经历。
24. What lesson did Faidley get from his first chase？（　　）
A. He who makes no mistakes makes nothing.
B. Stay away from dangerous places.
C. No sweat， no sweet.
D. Live a full life.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句和最后一句可知，
Faidley的第一次追逐经历教给他要过一个充实的人生。
25. What led to Faidley’s first job？（　　）
A. His friends’ suggestions.
B. His dust devil adventures.
C. His interest in animals.
D. His desire for fortune.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段中的I decided to ride my bike
into the centre of a large dust devil ...It was these experiences that
drew me to my first job可知，在沙尘暴中的冒险经历使Faidley获得
了他的第一份工作。
26. What is Faidley’s attitude to the suggestion of making a film about
his experience？（　　）
A. Confused. B. Carefree.
C. Unwilling. D. Worried.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，对于将他的
个人冒险经历制作成电影这件事，Faidley并不愿意。
27. What is a suitable title for the text？（　　）
A. Experiencing a Tornado
B. Great Shots of Tornadoes
C. Artist Seeking Perfection
D. Into the Eye of the Storm
解析： 　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了风暴猎
人Warren Faidley追逐风暴的经历。故D项作为标题最合适。
C
　　Mount Hood is the highest mountain in Oregon， a state in the
western United States.At 3，400 meters it is attractive to many people，
some of whom， of course， run into trouble.Each year 25 to 50 people
have accidents or get lost on Mount Hood and require rescue.Although
most of these are understandable accidents， a few result from careless
risk-taking.
　　In one recent case， three experienced climbers went hiking in the
middle of a snowstorm in December.Most hikers climb Mount Hood in
May or June when the weather conditions are favorable.But in
December， the mountain is covered with snow and ice.Winds up to 135
kilometers per hour blow the snow around， making it difficult to
see.Temperatures can drop below freezing.As one rescue worker put it，
“What were they thinking？They were just asking for it.”
　　During a rescue a few years ago， a helicopter full of rescue workers
crashed （坠毁） and the rescue workers were almost killed.Linda
Carle， who lives in the Mount Hood area， asks，“If someone made a
poor decision， why should rescue teams have to risk their lives to save
them？ Why do people take unnecessary risks and do things that aren’t
right if they know that they can get into trouble？”
　　Most of the Mount Hood rescue workers are either volunteers or part
of the local sheriff’s department.There is no charge for these rescues.It
is the taxpayers （纳税人） who pay the bill.Linda Carle suggests that
people who take careless risks and require rescue should be charged for the
rescue.She feels it is only fair that costs for things like damaged
helicopters and medical care for rescuers be paid for by the people who
took risks.What would you do if you were the local sheriff at Mount
Hood？
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过本文呼吁那些打算攀登胡
德山的人们要三思而后行，选择最佳时间，以免出现危险并给救援
造成困难。
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。作者通过本文呼吁那些打算攀登胡
德山的人们要三思而后行，选择最佳时间，以免出现危险并给救援
造成困难。
28. What can we learn about Mount Hood？（　　）
A. It lies in the south of the United States.
B. It is the highest mountain in the United States.
C. The best time to climb the mountain is in May or June.
D. Hundreds of people get lost in the mountain every year.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第二段第二句可知，每年五、六月
份是攀登胡德山的最佳时间。
29. What Linda Carle says in the third paragraph shows a feeling
of 　　　　.（　　）
A. peace B. pride
C. loneliness D. anger
解析： 　推理判断题。根据第三段中的If someone made a poor
decision， why should rescue teams have to risk their lives to save
them？可知，Linda Carle对那些不理智的登山者感到非常气愤。
30. According to Linda Carle， risk-takers should 　　　　.（　　）
A. pay for all the costs needed
B. learn to save themselves
C. be taxed at a higher rate
D. work as volunteers
解析： 　细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Linda Carle suggests
that ... be paid for by the people who took risks.可知，Linda Carle
认为那些不理智的登山者应该承担所有救援费用。
31. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text？（　　）
A. To ask the government to provide more rescuers.
B. To introduce Mount Hood to mountain climbers.
C. To advise climbers to think twice before they act.
D. To report some serious accidents in Mount Hood.
解析： 　写作意图题。作者通过本文呼吁那些打算攀登胡德山
的人们要三思而后行，选择最佳时间，以免出现危险并给救援造
成困难。
D
　　Antarctica is the most distant part of the world， but it is a center of
scientific discovery and environmental change.
　　Early explorers were attracted there by the secret of Terra
Australis.Others sought money from catching whales.Still others wanted
to understand Earth’s pole in order to better sail the seas.I am a geologist
who studies the timing and extent of past ice ages.I’ve been very lucky
to conduct five season of research there under the protection of the
Antarctic Treaty （条约）， an international agreement that encourages
scientific cooperation （合作） and environmental protection.
　　Antarctica is the only continent that was actually discovered，
because it has no native human population.British explorer Sir James
Cook sailed around the continent in 1772－1775， but saw only some
outlying islands （离岛）.Cook said that if there were any land， it
would be “never to give way to the warmth of the sun”.But Cook also
reported that Antarctic waters were rich with wildlife.
　　Today parts of the West Antarctica Ice Sheet are particularly close to
collapse （坍塌）.Recent research shows sea level could rise by 1 meter
by 2100 and 15 meters by 2500 if the greenhouse effect continues and the
ice sheet experiences a rapid collapse， as it has in the past.Despite the
environmental disaster in Antarctica， the continent also shows that
nations can cooperate to find solutions.“I believe the Antarctic Treaty
System is the world’s most important example of peaceful and scientific
international cooperation.Thanks to it， 10％ of Earth’s land surface is
protected for wildlife.”
　　Yet in these bad environments， life finds a way to survive —
showing that there are solutions to even the most difficult challenges.If
Antarctica has taught me anything in 200 years， it’s that we can work
together to deal with problems.As Ernest Shackleton once said，
“Difficulties are just things to solve， after all.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极洲的地理位置、面
积、气候、植被、动物等情况。科学家正在对南极洲臭氧空洞进行
研究，并正在考虑保护南极洲的方法。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了南极洲的地理位置、面
积、气候、植被、动物等情况。科学家正在对南极洲臭氧空洞进行
研究，并正在考虑保护南极洲的方法。
32. What is the author’s purpose in going to Antarctica？（　　）
A. To observe whales in Antarctic waters.
B. To unlock the secret of Terra Australis.
C. To conduct his geological research.
D. To sign an international agreement.
解析： 　目的意图题。根据第二段最后一句可知，作者去南极
洲的目的是进行他的地质研究。
33. What did Cook want to tell us about Antarctica in Paragraph 3？
（　　）
A. It includes some tiny islands.
B. It is terribly cold all day long.
C. It provides good places to circumnavigate.
D. It is one of the remotest areas of the world.
解析： 　细节理解题。根据第三段倒数第二句可知，库克告诉
我们南极洲一整天都冷得可怕。
34. What is the author’s attitude to the Antarctic Treaty System
according to Paragraph 4？（　　）
A. Doubtful. B. Favorable.
C. Shocked. D. Disappointed.
解析： 　观点态度题。根据第四段最后两句可推知，作者对南
极条约体系的态度是赞成的。
35. What has the author learned from the history of Antarctic
exploration？（　　）
A. Life should be given a purpose.
B. It’s time to explore nature.
C. Cooperation matters.
D. Science wins all.
解析： 推理判断题。根据最后一段倒数第二句可知，作者从
南极探险的历史中学到了合作很重要。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选
项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Wouldn’t it be great to spend a few days in the woods walking
around and exploring nature？ 36.（　　） Simply getting from A to B
isn’t as easy as it sounds， especially in the wilderness. Luckily for all
of us， there are some excellent tips that can help you when you’re lost
in the forest.
　　Stay calm. 37.（　　） If you don’t stay calm， you won’t be
able to think clearly and make good decisions. Remember if your heart is
racing and your blood pressure has skyrocketed （剧增）， it will be
much harder for you to survive.
　　Stay positive. Remember that you’re out in the forest for a reason，
whether it’s to experience new things， build memories with friends and
family， or simply relax and enjoy life. Remembering what brought you
to the forest in the first place will help keep your mind positive.38.
（　　）
　　Build a shelter and start a fire. Your first order of business when you
lose your way is to build a shelter and start a fire. 39.（　　）By
morning， everything might look better. Plus， if you have survived until
daybreak， there’s a chance that search parties looking for you probably
know where to find you.
　　40. （　　） It’s not easy to wait for help without complaining or
becoming annoyed when you lose your way in the forest. However， it’s
much safer than wandering around aimlessly. If you don’t want to get
hurt by animals or pass out from fatigue （疲乏）， it’s best not to
make decisions hurriedly. Survival takes time！
A. Be hurry.
B. Be patient.
C. Of course， it would， but it’s easy to get lost.
D. Backpackers are usually very adventurous types.
E. Panic is often what leads you to lose their way in the forest.
F. This will help keep you warm and safe throughout the night.
G. If you take a positive attitude， chances are much higher that you’ll
make it back alive.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在森林中迷路
时的应对方法。
36. C　上文设问“花几天时间在森林里散步探索自然会非常不错
吗？”，C项（当然会，但很容易迷路）符合语境，对上文提出的问
题进行了回答。
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些在森林中迷路
时的应对方法。
37. E　根据Stay calm.可知，本段主旨是保持冷静。下文提到了人在
不冷静时会无法清晰思考并做出正确决定。由此可知，空处应讲述不
冷静会导致迷路，E项（恐慌往往会导致你在森林中迷失方向）符合
语境。
38. G　根据Stay positive.可知，空处应与积极的心态有关。G项（如
果你采取积极的态度，你活着回来的几率会高得多）符合语境。
39. F　上文提到迷路时要建造遮蔽处并生火，F项（这将有助于你在
整个晚上保持温暖和安全）符合语境，说明这样做的作用。
40. B　根据第二至四段首句可知，空处是本段主旨句，应用祈使
句。根据下文可知，本段主要讲述了要耐心等待，B项（要有耐心）
符合语境。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文， 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳
选项。
　　Recently， as I neared the top of a difficult 35 foot climb at the local
climbing gym， I made a dynamic move to reach the last hold.My right
hand 　41　 the small， awkwardly placed hold， but I
couldn’t 　42　， and my body fell away from the wall.Falls like this
happen all the time.The rope catches you， and you rest in the air before
getting back to try the 　43　 again.
　　This time， however， something went terribly 　44　.I glanced
down as I fell from the hold， and watched in 　45　 as the rope raced
through the harness （保护带） and disappeared from view.
　　When I hit the ground， a 　46　 impact rushed through my
body.I 　47　 on my right side.Had I been upright， or in just about any
other 　48　， I would probably have broken my legs， and possibly my
back.Still， I broke my right 　49　， but the emergency medical
technicians told me with 　50　 that I wasn’t paralyzed （瘫痪
的）.That was my biggest fear and I realized I’d 　51　 the fall.
　　Somehow， I’d tied a bad knot when I 　52　 the rope to my
harness.I had surgery on my ankle， and I’m in a wheelchair for a
couple of months， but I’m just a 　53　 to the world of disability.Now
I can feel the ankle getting 　54　 by the day.For all of that， I am
extraordinarily 　55　.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次攀岩中出现
严重失误而导致脚踝受伤，万幸没有瘫痪，作者对此心怀感恩。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在一次攀岩中出现
严重失误而导致脚踝受伤，万幸没有瘫痪，作者对此心怀感恩。
41. A. struck B. grabbed
C. moved D. wiped
解析： 　根据上文I made a dynamic move to reach the last hold可
知，作者已经到达最后一个手柄，由于作者是在攀岩，应为抓住
最后一个手柄。
42. A. let loose B. break away
C. give in D. hang on
解析： 根据下文my body fell away from the wall可知，作者无
法抓紧手柄。
43. A. rope B. move C. luck D. harness
解析： 　根据文章第一句可知，作者是在当地的攀岩馆训练
攀岩，反复学习攀岩动作，所以空处应填表示“动作”含义的
名词。
44. A. wrong B. smooth C. right D. fast
解析：A　根据下文I glanced down as I fell from the hold， and
watched in 　45　as the rope raced through the harness （保护带）
and disappeared from view.可知，作者犯了严重的错误。
45. A. fear B. relief
C. delight D. excitement
解析： 　根据下文the rope raced through the harness （保护带）
and disappeared from view可知，作者发现保护自己的绳子不见
了，感到很害怕。
46. A. mild B. confusing
C. violent D. negative
解析： 　根据下文rushed through my body可推知，冲击力巨大。
47. A. carried B. turned
C. insisted D. landed
解析： 　根据上文When I hit the ground可知，作者已经落地。
48. A. style B. state C. position D. place
解析： 　根据上文Had I been upright可知，此处说的是作者
的姿势。
49. A. foot B. back C. knee D. ankle
解析： 　根据下文I had surgery on my ankle可知，作者伤的
是脚踝。
50. A. difficulty B. worry
C. certainty D. caution
解析： 　根据下文I wasn’t paralyzed （瘫痪的）可知，这是急
救医疗技术人员很确定地告诉作者的话。
51. A. escaped B. survived
C. defeated D. ended
解析： 　根据上文the emergency medical technicians told me
with 　50　that I wasn’t paralyzed （瘫痪的）可知，作者认为自
己从那场跌落中幸存下来了。
52. A. secured B. added
C. wrapped D. carried
解析： 　根据下文the rope to my harness可知，作者在攀
岩，绳子是要固定在保护带上的，所以空处应填表示“固定”
含义的动词。
53. A. visitor B. witness
C. messenger D. bystander
解析： 　根据上文可知，作者受伤，但急救医疗技术人员确
定地告诉作者他没有瘫痪，所以作者认为自己只是残疾世界的
访客。
54. A. thinner B. fatter
C. weaker D. better
解析： 　根据上文I’m just a 　53　to the world of disability可
知，作者没有瘫痪，脚踝正在一天天好起来。
55. A. active B. appreciative
C. regretful D. respectful
解析： 　作者从攀岩运动中受伤，万幸没有瘫痪，只是伤了脚
踝，而且脚踝正在慢慢康复，作者对此心怀感恩。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正
确形式。
　　Inspired by the work of William Beebe， Dr Sylvia Earle began her
work as an oceanographer at the age of 3 when she was knocked off her
feet by a wave.She 56. 　　　　　　 （fascinate） by the ocean and its
creatures.Although she struggled 57. 　　　　　 （balance） her studies
and family， Earle earned her PhD from Duke University， becoming
well known in the marine science community.Early in her career， and
while she was four 58. 　　　　　　 （month） pregnant， Earle
traveled 30.5 m/100 ft below the surface in a submersible.Her experience
59. 　　　　　 （live） in an underwater marine habitat earned her
celebrity status in the scientific community.
　　With the experience， Earle developed an interest 60. 　　　　　　
deep-sea exploration， and in 1979 she broke 61. 　　　　　　 record
for deep diving at 381 m/1，250 ft below the surface in a special suit
called the Jim Suit designed to withstand （抵挡） the 62. 　　　　　　
（press）.Earle decided to test the suit as part of her research on a book
63. 　　　　　　 （publish） by National Geographic， and the diving
techniques only scratched the surface of the ocean.Following this
adventure， Earle started two companies 64. 　　　　　　
produce deep-sea exploration vehicles.The continued advancement in the
technology of these vehicles has helped open up areas in the deep sea
65. 　　　　　　 （previous） unexplored.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了深海女王——美国
深海探险家西尔维亚·厄尔无畏艰险，勤于追寻，无数次深入深海，
追寻海洋的奥秘；作为一名环保主义者，她身体力行，用事实的陈
述和诚恳的语言呼唤世人保护海洋、保护地球的事迹。
56. was fascinated　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据at the
age of 3可知是在陈述过去的事情，主语she和谓语动词fascinate之间是
动宾关系，需用一般过去时的被动语态。主语为she，be动词应用
was。故填was fascinated。
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了深海女王——美国
深海探险家西尔维亚·厄尔无畏艰险，勤于追寻，无数次深入深海，
追寻海洋的奥秘；作为一名环保主义者，她身体力行，用事实的陈
述和诚恳的语言呼唤世人保护海洋、保护地球的事迹。
57. to balance　考查非谓语动词。struggle to do sth努力做某事。故填
to balance。
58. months　考查名词的数。month为名词，four为数词，空处需填名
词的复数。故填months。
59. living　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，earned为句子的谓
语，所以空处应填非谓语动词。 experience in doing sth做某事的经
验，介词in可以省略，设空处需填动词-ing形式。故填living。
60. in　考查介词。develop an interest in ...为固定短语，意为
“对……产生兴趣”。故填in。
61. the　考查冠词。此处的record指在水下381米/1250英尺深度的潜
水纪录，表特指，需用定冠词。故填the。
62. pressure　考查词形转换。withstand为动词，空处需填名词作宾
语。故填pressure。
63. published　考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，句子谓语是
decided，所以空处应填非谓语动词作后置定语，book和publish之间是
动宾关系，需填动词-ed形式。故填published。
64. that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导定语从句，先行词是
companies，指物，且空处在定语从句中作主语，故填that或which。
65. previously　考查词形转换。设空处修饰unexplored，需用副词作
状语。故填previously。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是李华，你打算和几个朋友在下周末去珠海东澳岛
（Dong’ao Island）进行一次探险旅行。请你给住在另一座城市的外
籍朋友 David 发一封电子邮件介绍这次旅行计划，并邀请他一起旅
行，内容包括：
　　1. 这次旅行的时间和目的地；
　　2. 这次旅行的主要活动（如远足、爬山、游泳、篝火派对等）；
　　3. 这次旅行的注意事项。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
参考词汇：篝火派对 campfire party
Dear David，
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear David，
　　How is everything going？ My friends and I have decided to go on an
adventure trip to Dong’ao Island next weekend.Therefore， I’m
writing to inform you of our travel plan.
　　We will go hiking， go climbing the mountains， swim near the
beach and have a campfire party.Weather permitting， we are also
intended to go diving.I’d like you to join us if possible.I hold the firm
belief that we will have a lot of fun.
　　Please do remember to pack your bathing suit and take your passport.
　　I’m looking forward to your reply.
Yours，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构
成一篇完整的短文。
　　Once upon a time， in a land far away， there was a small
village.The village was located in the heart of a big jungle.Surrounded by
the high mountains and in the shade of green trees， the villagers happily
lived a life of happiness.
　　All of them were used to their robotic daily tasks and none of them
had the imagination or the will to try something new， except for one girl
named Hannah.Very few people in the village could read， let alone
write， and Hannah was one of them.Her parents had made sure that their
only child got everything possible.
　　Hannah was an adventurous spirit with an imagination far beyond her
time.She loved to explore and would spend hours in the woods looking for
new things.She loved to create stories in her head and used to imagine
herself as one of her characters.Sometimes， she even told stories to her
friends， adding her own touch of curiosity every now and then to
different stories， making them more interesting.She wanted to inspire the
sparks of curiosity and imagination in them.
　　One afternoon， when Hannah was on one of her adventurous
searches， she came upon an abandoned cottage （遗弃的小屋）.The
cottage looked very old in its condition.The door was hardly hanging and
the wood was about to break apart into pieces.Even though Hannah’s
mother had strictly warned her not to go wandering in abandoned places，
her curiosity drove her to approach it.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式作答。
　　Opening the door， she was left shocked by a room full of books！
　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　To her disappointment， her friends showed no interest in the tales
she told. 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Opening the door， she was left shocked by a room full of books！
Shinning in the dust， books were bathed in the warm sunlight just waiting
to be explored.Seeing them， Hannah jumped up and down with
excitement！ She dusted the books， the shelves， and what was left of
the furniture.Finally came the moment when she could appreciate the
books， which were filled with stories about different creatures.So
interesting and encouraging were they that Hannah was immersed in them
completely.Meanwhile， she couldn’t wait to share the tales she read
with her friends.
　　To her disappointment， her friends showed no interest in the tales
she told.She knew it would be a difficult journey， but she wouldn’t
give it up.To inspire their curiosity and imagination， she started telling
tales every day at the cottage.She added her own touch of curiosity now
and then to different stories， making them more interesting.Soon， the
word of Hannah’s storytelling spread rapidly and more people came，
gathering around Hannah in admiration and listening attentively.She even
conducted workshops to teach villagers how to read and write.Sharing
your skill will not only help yourself， but also be a ray of hope for
someone struggling to find their way.

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