资源简介

Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
CLIMBING QOMOLANGMA： WORTH THE RISKS？
　　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on①an experience [1]that they knew would include crowds②， discomfort③and danger.Many [2]would become sick， due to④the extreme cold and low air pressure， and a few would even lose their lives⑤.Yet， despite⑥ all this， by the end of⑦ the trip many were already planning to return.For these people，[3]climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， [4]making some feel weak and [5]others， powerful.
　　[1]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语。
　　[2]would do ...表示过去将来时；become sick意为“生病”， become是系动词，形容词sick作表语。
　　[3]climbing Qomolangma是动词-ing短语作主语。
　　[4]making some feel weak ...是动词-ing短语作定语修饰前面的experience； make sb do sth意为“让某人做某事”。
　　[5]others， powerful是省略成分，原句应该为making others powerful。
　　British mountain climber George Mallory wrote of⑧ climbing Qomolangma，“[6]What we get from this adventure is just sheer⑨ joy ... We do not live [7]to eat and make money.We eat and make money⑩ to be able to enjoy life.That is [8]what life means and what life is for.” Sadly， Mallory would die on the mountain in 1924， [9]although his body would not be found until many years later.[10]It is still not known if he succeeded in reaching the top of Qomolangma before it took his life .
　　[6]What引导主语从句，并在从句中作get的宾语。
　　[7]to eat and make money是并列状语，make前面省略了to。
　　[8]what life means and what life is for中两个what都引导表语从句。
　　[9]although引导让步状语从句，通常不和and， but， so连用。
　　[10]该句中It是形式主语，if从句是真正的主语。
　　In 2011，words similar to [11]those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette， [12]who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world .“It brings into focus [13]what’s important to you.” He added， “There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason [14]that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
　　[11]those是代词，指代前面提到的words。
　　[12]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Alan Arnette，补充说明这个人的情况。
　　[13]what引导宾语从句，并在从句中作主语。
　　[14]that引导定语从句，在从句中作主语，且不可省略。
　　[15]With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure ， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.Psychologist Frank Farley has spent years studying people who jump out of planes and drive fast cars， as well as those who climb Qomolangma.He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill ”.
　　Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities， Farley said， “They’ll say， ‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
　　Research also [16]suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
　　With this in mind， are the benefits of climbing Qomolangma worth the risks？ It’s totally up to you.
　　[15]with复合结构，即“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，宾语是the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma，宾语补足语是resulting either in total success or failure。
　　[16]suggest此处意思是“表明”， that引导宾语从句。
【读文清障】
①spend money on
在……上花钱
②crowd n.人群
③discomfort n.不舒服；不安
④due to 由于
⑤lose one’s life
失去某人的生命
⑥despite prep.尽管，不管
⑦by the end of到……的结尾
⑧write of 写到；文章中提及
⑨sheer adj.纯粹的，十足的
⑩make money 赚钱
be able to do sth 有能力做某事
succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
take one’s life 夺走某人的生命
（be） similar to与……相似
around the world全世界
bring ... into focus
使……成为焦点
turn around 转身
focus on 集中精力于
figure out 弄明白，搞清楚
as well as 和
attempt n.努力，尝试
either ...or ...
要么……要么……
failure n.失败
scientific adj.科学上的，与科学有关的
（be） more likely to 更有可能去……
be likely to do sth 有可能做某事
take risks冒险
psychologist n.心理学家
refer to ... as ...
把……称为……
stand for 代表
thrill n.惊险，刺激
be connected to 与……相关
benefit from
从……中获益
be up to由……决定
【参考译文】
攀登珠穆朗玛峰：值得冒险吗？
　　明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。由于极端严寒与低气压，很多人会生病，甚至有少数人会丢掉性命。尽管如此，在旅程的结尾，已经有很多人在计划着重返这里。对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
　　英国登山家乔治·马洛里曾这样记述攀登珠峰的体验：“我们从这项冒险活动中获得的是纯粹的快乐……我们活着不是为了吃饭和挣钱。我们吃饭和挣钱是为了能够享受生活。这才是生活的意义和目标。”可惜的是，1924年马洛里在登山过程中身亡，而他的遗体多年后才被找到。至今人们也不知道他生前是否成功登顶了珠峰。
　　2011年，美国登山家艾伦·阿内特也说过与马洛里类似的话。那一年他登上了珠峰，之后又准备去攀登世界各地其他的高山。“登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事，”他补充道，“纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。你必须专注于那一个对你来说最重要也最独特的理由。它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。”
　　攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？近日有研究指出，冒险可能是人类天性中的一部分，而有些人比其他人更愿意去冒险。心理学家弗兰克·法利曾花费数年时间研究那些高空跳伞、飚车以及攀登珠峰的人。他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
　　在对《洛杉矶时报》描述“T型人格”时，法利说道：“他们会说‘我并不是在冒险，我是这方面的专家……’。他们并不想死，也不认为自己会死。”
　　研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我们期待从中获得多少好处有关。
　　了解这些之后，你认为攀登珠峰带来的好处值得人们去冒险吗？答案完全取决于你自己。
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.What does the author try to tell us in Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.The great difficulty in climbing Qomolangma.
B.Two different kinds of Qomolangma climbers.
C.People’s strong desire to climb Qomolangma.
D.The great risks of climbing Qomolangma.
2.What can be inferred from George Mallory’s words in Paragraph 2？（　　）
A.People care much about eating and making money.
B.It’s hard to find a reason for climbing Qomolangma.
C.Nothing but joy can be felt in climbing Qomolangma.
D.Climbing Qomolangma is a journey of gaining the pleasure of life.
3.What did British mountain climber George Mallory think of climbing Qomolangma？（　　）
A.Make a living.　 B.Enjoy life.
C.Earn money.　 D.Make an adventure.
4.Which of the following personalities belongs to “Type T”？（　　）
A.Adventurous.　 B.Outgoing.
C.Honest.　 D.Intelligent.
5.What can you infer from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Why people like to climb Qomolangma.
B.It’s worth climbing Qomolangma.
C.It depends on you whether to climb or not.
D.Climbing Qomolangma is dangerous.
6.Which is the author’s purpose in writing the passage？（　　）
A.To encourage people to climb Qomolangma if fully prepared， as risks bring many benefits.
B.To remind people to balance the benefits and risks before deciding to climb Qomolangma.
C.To suggest that people stop taking risks and climbing Qomolangma， as the risks outweigh the benefits.
D.To tell people that there are many stories about the people climbing Qomolangma.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
1.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the climbers’ subjective motive for adventure.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the scientific reasons for adventure.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.Read the passage carefully and find the sentences that describe the “Type T” personalities.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.If you were given the chance， would you like to climb Qomolangma？Why or why not？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.Do you agree with Mallory’s and Arnette’s opinions？Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
句式分析 that引导　　　　从句，修饰先行词experience， they knew是　　　　　。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.For these people， climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other， making some feel weak and others， powerful.
句式分析 climbing Qomolangma为动词-ing短语作　　　　；making some feel weak and others， powerful为动词-ing短语作　　　　　　。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.
句式分析 to look deep inside yourself and figure out ...为动词不定式短语作宾语you的　　　　　；if引导　　　　从句；when引导　　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
crowd n.人群 vt.挤满，塞满；涌上心头
【教材原句】　Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
【用法】　
（1）a crowd of　　　一群…… crowds of　　大量的，成群的 （2）crowd into　　挤入；涌入 crowd in on sb　　涌上心头；涌入脑海 be crowded with　　挤满了
【佳句】　The happy memory of getting along with my best friend crowded in on me/into my mind.我与最好的朋友相处的快乐回忆涌入我的脑海。（友谊）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The conductor surrounded by a crowd 　　　　　people was eager to make a good impression on them.
②The meeting room was crowded 　　　　　people， some of whom were focusing on their mobile phones.
【写美】　补全句子
③With the memories 　　　　　　　　her mind， she burst into tears.
回忆涌上心头，她突然哭了起来。
bring ...into focus 使……成为焦点
【教材原句】　It brings into focus what’s important to you.登山让你聚焦于对你而言重要的事。
【用法】　
（1）focus on/upon　　 集中（注意力、精力等）于 focus/fix one’s attention on/upon sth 　　把注意力集中到…… （2）the focus of attention 　 关注的焦点 （3）keep/stay focused　　保持专注/集中注意力
【佳句】　My newly-made short video became the focus of attention， making me an instant hit.
我新制作的短视频成了关注的焦点，使我一炮而红。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He has a strong desire to be admitted to a key university， and that’s why he focuses his attention 　　　　　　　　his study day after day.
②The issue of plastic pollution 　　　　　　　（bring） into focus by the documentary， prompting many to change their habits.
【写美】　补全句子
③The lecture will 　　　　　　　　　　the history and development of Chinese characters.
讲座的主题是汉字的历史和演变。（通知）
turn around 转身；（使企业、经济等）好转
【教材原句】　There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.
纵使有一千个理由让你回头，但总有一个让你继续前行。
【用法】　
turn ...into ... 把……变成…… turn up/down 开大，调大；出现/关小，调小；拒绝 turn on/off　　打开/关掉 turn over　　翻转；移交；仔细考虑 turn out　　制造，生产；结果是 It turns out that ... 结果是……；证明是……
【佳句】　The new headmaster has really turned the school around in the past year.
新任校长在过去的一年里确实使学校有了起色。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①What upset me was that my application for the job was turned 　　　　　　.
②We had to turn 　　　　　　and find another path to the destination， which took us several hours to finish the trip.
【写美】　补全句子
③　　　　　　　　　　 helping others realise their dreams makes me more pleasant.
事实证明，帮助别人实现他们的梦想让我更快乐。（主旨升华句）
figure out 理解；弄明白；计算出
【教材原句】　It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【用法】　
（1）figure on　 　　　期待；指望，依赖 figure sth in　　将某事物包括在内/计算在内 figure that ...　　认为……，认定…… （2）keep one’s figure　　保持（优美的）身材 have a good figure　　有一个好身材
【佳句】　Only by means of balanced diets and regular exercise can you keep your figure as well as stay healthy.
只有通过均衡饮食和定期锻炼，你才能既保持体形又保持健康。（建议信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have figured 　　　　　　the cost of food and drink for our holiday.
②I can’t figure 　　　　　　him helping me with my homework because he is always busy.
【写美】　补全句子
③To help foreign students better 　　　　　　　　　　　　our tea culture， we took them to the tea room in our school.
为了帮助外国学生更好地了解我们的茶文化，我们带他们去了我们学校的茶室。（活动介绍）
attempt n.努力，尝试 v.努力，尝试，试图
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】　
（1）make an attempt to do/at doing sth　　　　　　　　　　　　　　尝试做某事 at one’s/the first attempt　　（某人）第一次尝试 in an/one’s attempt to do sth 为了做某事 （2）attempt to do sth　　企图做某事，尝试做某事 （3）attempted adj.　　　未遂的 attempted robbery　　抢劫未遂
【佳句】　I attempted to pass the exam， but it was too difficult.
我试图通过考试，但实在太难了。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①John made an attempt 　　　　　　　　（say） something to the professor， only to find the professor was surrounded by many students.
②Some experts call for a change of lifestyle in an attempt 　　　　　　　　（solve） the environmental problems.
【写美】　补全句子
③If you fail 　　　　　　　　　　　　， there is no need to be upset about it.
如果你第一次尝试失败的话，也没必要为此沮丧。（鼓励信）
result in导致，造成
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】　
（1）result from　　由于；由……造成 （2）as a result　　因此，结果 as a result of　　作为……的结果；因为…… with the result that ... 结果是……
【佳句】　At first， we all disagreed with him.As a result， he was right.Afterwards， we became good friends.最初，我们都不赞成他的观点。结果，他是对的。后来，我们成了好朋友。
【助记】　图解“因果”
【练透】　 对比填空（result in/result from）
①I sincerely hope what I have done will not 　　　　　　　　any discomfort to you.
②As far as I’m concerned， her failure in the competition 　　　　　　　　her attitude.
【写美】　 同义句转换
③The match was postponed to the next day because of bad weather.
→The weather was bad.　　　　　　　　， the match was postponed to the next day.
④There was so much homework that we had to stay at home.
→We had to stay at home 　　　　　　　　so much homework.
failure n.失败；失败的人（或事物）
【教材原句】　With the majority of attempts to climb Qomolangma resulting either in total success or failure， is there also a scientific reason behind this risk-taking？
攀登珠峰的大多数尝试要么大获全胜，要么彻底失败，这一冒险行为的背后是否也有科学解释呢？
【用法】　
（1）end in failure　　以失败而告终 heart failure　　心脏衰竭 （2）fail v.　　失败；不及格；出故障 fail to do sth　　做某事失败；没能做成某事 fail in　　在某方面失败 （3）failed adj.　　失败的
【佳句】　As the old saying goes，“Failure is the mother of success.”
俗话说：“失败是成功之母。”
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He is in a state of deep depression on account of his 　　　　　（fail） to pass the examination.
②I’m sorry that I failed 　　　　　　（go） out with you last weekend.
【写美】　补全句子
③　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 when she wanted to express her thanks to the twins.
当他们的母亲想向双胞胎道谢时，她不知道说什么好。（情感描写）
stand for 代表；支持；容忍，忍受
【教材原句】　He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.他把这些人的人格特征称作“T型人格”，“T”代表“刺激”。
【用法】　
（1）stand by　　　站在旁边；袖手旁观；支持 stand out　　显著；突出 stand up　　站立；站起来 stand up for　　维护，替……说话 （2）can’t stand sth/doing sth 不能忍受（做）某事
【佳句】　For instance， we can find that the festivals are full of red which stands for celebration， happiness， and long life.
举个例子，我们可以发现节日里充满了红色，红色代表着喜庆、幸福和长寿。
【练透】　语境辨义
①We stand for equality and mutual respect between countries. 　　　　　
②I can’t believe that you can stand for these naughty children. 　　　　　
【写美】　补全句子
③Having been painted red， the building 　　　　　　　　　　against the rest and looks attractive.
因为被刷成了红色，这幢楼在楼群中很显眼，看起来很吸引人。
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：动词-ing短语作结果状语
【教材原句】　Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas.
克里斯托弗·哥伦布（1451－1506）是一位意大利探险家，他完成了西班牙和美洲之间的旅程，从而标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲。
【用法】　
（1）动词-ing短语作结果状语，相当于一个并列谓语，描述谓语动词发生后所带来的一种自然而然的结果，有时其前可加thus表示强调。 （2）动词不定式短语作结果状语表示出乎意料的结果，其前常加only表示强调。
【品悟】　This meaningful activity not only helps us relax ourselves but also makes us get close to nature， leaving us to experience the joy of labour.
这个有意义的活动不仅帮助我们放松自我，而且让我们亲近大自然，让我们体验劳动的快乐。
【写美】　微写作
①这个心理学家匆忙赶到办公室，却发现他的钥匙丢了。
The psychologist hurried to his office， 　　　　　　　　his keys missing.
②这首歌在全国被传唱，这使它成为学生中最受欢迎的一首歌。
The song is sung all over the country， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　among students.
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅰ
11 / 11Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
TWENTY THOUSAND LEAGUES UNDER THE SEA
　　In 1866， a terrible sea creature① is seen by several ships.Biologist② Professor Pierre Aronnax and his servant， Conseil， join a ship to find and kill the creature.After a long journey into the Pacific Ocean， the creature is finally seen.[1]While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with③ the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into④ the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually⑤ a submarine. They are captured⑥ and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge⑦， Captain Nemo.Ahead of⑧ its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.While Ned Land can think only of⑨ escaping， Aronnax and Conseil are fascinated by their adventures in the new underwater world.In this part adapted from⑩ a chapter of the book， Aronnax describes the experience of walking on the sea bed ...
　　[1]While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的省略句；discover that ... 中that引导宾语从句。
　　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders ！ Captain Nemo walked in front，[2]one of his men following some steps behind.Conseil and I remained near each other， as if an exchange of words had been possible through our metal cases.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply ， or my thick helmet， [3]inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell .
　　[2]独立主格结构，在句中作伴随状语。
　　[3]“介词＋关系代词”引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词my thick helmet。
　　The light， [4]which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.The solar rays shone through the watery mass easily， and consumed all colour， and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue， and gradually disappeared.Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere， but almost as clear.[5]Above me was the calm surface of the sea.We were walking on fine， even sand， not wrinkled， as on a flat shore， which keeps the impression of the waves. This dazzling carpet， really a reflector ， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， [6]which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid .Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see [7] as if I was in broad daylight？
　　（Adaptation from Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne）
　　[4]which引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词The light。
　　[5]介词短语置于句首引起的完全倒装。
　　[6]句中两个which均引导定语从句，第一个which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句，第二个which引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词vibration。
　　[7]as if引导方式状语从句。
【读文清障】
①creature n.生物
②biologist n.生物学家
③along with与……一起
④fall into 掉入
⑤actually adv.事实上；实际上
⑥capture v.捕获；俘获
⑦in charge主管，负责
⑧ahead of在……之前
⑨think of考虑；想出
⑩（be） adapted from由……改编
look back upon 回顾
leave an impression upon
给……留下印象
wonder n.奇观；奇迹
remain v.保持
supply n.供应量；补给品
shell n.（蛋/果/贝）壳
at a distance of 在……的距离
darken v.（使）变暗/黑
dazzling adj.炫目的，耀眼的
reflector n.反射器；反光体
drive away 驶离；驱走
account for 解释，说明
liquid n.液体，液态物
at the depth of 在……的深度
【参考译文】
海底两万里
　　1866年，多艘船只目击到一只可怕的海洋生物。生物学家皮埃尔·阿龙纳斯教授和他的仆人康塞尔乘船出海，准备找到这只生物并消灭它。他们在太平洋上航行了很久，终于找到了这只生物。他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这里。尽管内德·兰德一心想要逃离这个地方，但阿龙纳斯与康塞尔已被他们在海底新世界的奇遇深深吸引住了。下文改编自原著的一个章节，阿龙纳斯描述了他们在海底漫步的经历……
　　现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无法描述的！尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。我和康塞尔一直挨得很近，近到好像能透过金属外壳听到彼此说话。我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
　　光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。阳光轻易地穿透水层，并消除了所有的色彩，我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。在这个距离之外，颜色变深，呈现出深蓝色的阴影，逐渐看不到了。真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。在我之上是平静的海面，脚下的沙地又细又平，并不像平坦的海滩会随着海浪而褶皱。这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
（节选自《海底两万里》，作者儒勒·凡尔纳）
第一步：析架构理清脉络
第二步：知细节明察秋毫
1.Why were Professor Pierre Aronnax and others kept in a submarine？（　　）
A.People couldn’t find them at all.
B.There was no creature forever.
C.The submarine was not open.
D.Captain Nemo came from space.
2.What did the author see in the submarine？（　　）
A.The things outside it looked beautiful.
B.The author couldn’t see them at all.
C.The author wanted to escape.
D.The author’s head looked like a nut.
3.What astonished the author？（　　）
A.The solar rays.
B.The ocean’s power.
C.The sand on the beach.
D.Every atom of liquid.
4.What does “that” refer to in the sentence “Beyond that the colours darkened into fine shades of deep blue ...”？（　　）
A.The solar light.
B.The solar rays.
C.All colours.
D.Objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
5.What can we learn from the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Aronnax was astonished at the power of the light.
B.Aronnax couldn’t distinguish objects under the sea.
C.Aronnax felt uncomfortable while under the sea.
D.Aronnax felt very lonely while travelling under the sea.
第三步：品语言妙笔生辉
Read the passage carefully and find the sentence that describes the actions.
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第四步：拓思维品质提升
1.What do you think will happen next in the story？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.If there is a chance， would you like to dive？ Why？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
第五步：析难句表达升级
1.While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
句式分析 While attacking from the ship为时间状语从句的　　　　， While后省略了　　　　　；discover that ...中的that引导　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.I no longer felt the weight of my clothes， or of my shoes， of my air supply， or my thick helmet， inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。inside which my head shook like a nut in its shell为“介词＋关系代词”引导的　　　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.This dazzling carpet， really a reflector， drove away the rays of the sun with wonderful intensity， which accounted for the vibration which passed through every atom of liquid.
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。which accounted for the vibration为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句；which passed through every atom of liquid为which引导的　　　　　　　　从句，修饰先行词　　　　　　。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
4.Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
句式分析 本句为主从复合句。when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为when引导的　　　　　　从句；that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight为that引导的　　　　从句；as if I was in broad daylight为as if引导的　　　　　　从句。
自主翻译 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
charge n.主管，负责；费用 v.收费，要价；控告
【教材原句】　They are captured and taken inside the submarine， where they meet the man in charge， Captain Nemo.
他们一行人被抓了起来并被带到潜水艇内，在那里他们遇见了负责人——尼摩船长。
【用法】　
（1）free of charge　　　 　免费 in charge （of）　　负责，主管 in the charge （of）　　（由……）负责/主管 take charge of　　负责，主管 （2）charge sb for sth　　因某事/物收某人的费用 charge sb with sth　　控告某人某事
【佳句】　They did the experiment in the lab which was in the charge of Mr White.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White took charge of.
＝They did the experiment in the lab which Mr White was in charge of.
他们在怀特老师负责的实验室里做了实验。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①During the period of two weeks， we held a series of activities，some of which were in 　　　　　　charge of students from the English department.
②The car was bought six months ago and still under guarantee， so I got it repaired free 　　　　　　charge.
【写美】　补全句子
③The man who had 　　　　　　　　　　the company 　　　　　　　　　　bribe-taking， because he accepted a large amount of money from a department manager 　　　　　　　　the manufacturing.
掌管公司的那个人被指控受贿，因为他从负责生产的部门经理那里收了一大笔钱。
ahead of在……之前；早于；领先
【教材原句】　Ahead of its time， the submarine is also a secret from the rest of the world.
这艘潜水艇是一个超越时代的发明，并且一直是一个不为人知的秘密。
【用法】　
go ahead　　　　　　 　先走；进行；说吧；做吧；进行吧 go ahead with　　开始做；着手干 get ahead （of sb）　　走在（某人的）前面；领先；胜过（某人） ahead of time/schedule　　提前
【佳句】　Thanks to your help， we accomplished the task ahead of schedule.
多亏你们帮忙，我们才提前完成了任务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only if our horse can get ahead 　　　　　the leading runner， it can win the race！
②My thanks should go to those inspiring me to go 　　　　　　and giving me support as well.
【写美】　补全句子
③If everyone puts in a bit more effort， the task will be finished 　　　　　　　　　　.
如果每人多出把力，任务就可以提前完成。
permit v.允许，准许，许可
【教材原句】　In order to keep this secret， Captain Nemo tells his three newest passengers that they are not permitted to leave the submarine.
为了保守这个秘密，尼摩船长告诫他的三位新乘客永远都不能离开这里。
【用法】　
（1）permit sb to do sth　　允许某人做某事 permit doing sth　　允许做某事 time/weather permitting＝if time/weather permits 如果时间/天气允许的话 （2）permission n.　　许可，允许 ask sb’s permission　　请求许可 without permission　　未经许可，擅自 with one’s permission　　经某人允许
【佳句】　No one is permitted to take photos of the exhibits on show in the museum without permission.
未经允许，禁止任何人对博物馆里正在展出的展品拍照。（通知）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Weather 　　　　　　（permit）， the competition to be held in our school stadium will begin at 2 pm and last for roughly 3 hours.
②We don’t permit 　　　　　（play） basketball on the playground now.
③I was very happy and excited to go there but I needed to ask my parents’ 　　　　　　（permit）.
【写美】　补全句子
④Much to my disappointment， the security guards didn’t 　　　　　　　　　a camera.
令我大为失望的是，保安人员不允许我带相机。（情感描写）
relate v.相联系，有关联；讲述
【教材原句】　And now， how can I look back upon the impression left upon me by that walk under the waters？ Words are not enough to relate such wonders！
现在，我该如何追述水下漫步给我留下的印象呢？那种奇遇是语言无法描述的！
【用法】　
（1）relate to ...　　　与……有关；谈到…… relate ...to ...　　把……与……联系起来 relate sth to sb　　向某人讲述某事 （2）related adj.　　相关的，有关系的 be related to ...　　与……有关 （3）relation n.　　联系，关联；亲属 in relation to　　有关，涉及 the relation between ...and ...　　……和……之间的联系
【佳句】　He later related the whole story to me， which made me very happy.
后来他给我讲了整件事的来龙去脉，这使我很高兴。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①At the present time， some people still relate embarrassment 　　　　　　　seeing a psychologist.
②It is interesting to talk about something in 　　　　　　（relate） to history in public.
③According to a recent survey， many smokers die all too soon from illness and diseases related 　　　　　　smoking.
【写美】　补全句子
④The second paragraph of the text 　　　　　　　　　　　　in Scotland.
文章第二段谈到苏格兰的形势。
astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶
【教材原句】　The light， which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean， astonished me by its power.
光线照亮了海面以下30英尺的土地，这股力量使我震惊。
【用法】　
（1）It astonishes sb that ...令某人惊讶的是…… （2）astonishing adj.　　　令人惊讶的 astonished adj.　　感到惊讶的 be astonished at/by sth　　因/对某事感到惊讶 be astonished to do sth　　对做某事感到惊讶 （3）astonishment n.　　惊讶 to one’s astonishment　　使某人惊讶的是 in astonishment　　吃惊地
【佳句】　The moment I opened the box， my eyes widened in astonishment.
我一打开盒子就吃惊地睁大了双眼。（情感描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①　　　　　　 （astonish）， Peter sat on the square， with tears in his eyes.
②He was astonished 　　　　　　　　（learn） he had won the competition.
③You may find it 　　　　　　（astonish） that Charlie was taught to sing as soon as he could speak and to dance as soon as he could walk.
【写美】　句型转换
④To my astonishment， she didn’t care about my feelings.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　 she didn’t care about my feelings.（it作形式主语）
distinguish v.看清；认出；区分
【教材原句】　...and I clearly distinguished objects at a distance of a hundred and fifty yards.
……我能清晰地辨认出150码以内的物体。
【用法】　
（1）distinguish between A and B　区分A和B distinguish ...from ...把……与……区分开来 distinguish oneself （as ...）（作为……）表现突出；使自己与众不同；使自己成名 （2）distinguished adj.　　　卓越的；著名的；杰出的 be distinguished for ...　因……而出名 be distinguished as ...　　作为……而出名
【佳句】　Distinguished for its attractive scenery， Hangzhou sees large numbers of tourists every year.
杭州以其迷人的风景而闻名遐迩，每年都有大量的游客。（推荐信）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①As far as we all know， Lang Ping has already distinguished 　　　　　　（she） as a great volleyball coach in the world.
②The twins were so much alike that it was impossible to distinguish one 　　　　　　the other.
【写美】　补全句子
③Paper-cutting 　　　　　　　　　　　　a traditional art form， which has a history of more than 1，500 years in China.
剪纸作为一种传统的艺术形式而出名，在中国有着1，500多年的历史。（传统文化）
surround v.环绕，围绕
【教材原句】　Truly this water which surrounded me was but another air heavier than the Earth’s atmosphere，but almost as clear.
真的，环绕在我四周的水仿佛不过是一种气体，比地球的大气更稠密，却几乎一样透明。
【用法】　
（1）surround sb/sth with sb/sth 使某人/某物被某人/某物包围 be surrounded by/with 　　被围绕着；周围是…… （2）surrounding adj.　　周围的 surroundings n.　　环境（多用复数）
【佳句】　And don’t forget： we are surrounded by a natural playground just perfect for walking， climbing and cycling.
别忘了：我们周围有一个天然的游乐场，非常适合散步、攀岩和骑自行车。
【点津】　surroundings常用复数形式，表示周围具体的物质环境。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In a word， you are welcome to our school and I hope you can adapt to the new 　　　　　　（surround） soon.
②It is wise to surround yourself 　　　　　　people who have a high level of self-discipline.
【写美】　补全句子
③The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， which 　　　　　　　　　　a high wire fence.
这只饥饿的熊一路嗅着来到了我们的营地，营地周围有高高的铁丝网。（环境描写）
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：独立主格结构
【教材原句】　Captain Nemo walked in front， one of his men following some steps behind.
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个随从紧随其后。
【用法】　
（1）句中的one of his men following some steps behind是独立主格结构。 （2）独立主格结构相当于一个状语从句，常用来表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随状况等。独立主格结构由“名词/代词＋介词短语/副词/形容词（短语）/名词/非谓语动词等”构成，其中前面的名词或代词在意义上为后面结构的逻辑主语。
【品悟】　He was astonished to see the embarrassing scene， his mouth half open.
看到这尴尬的场面，他大吃一惊，嘴巴半张着。
【写美】　微写作/句型转换
①早餐过后，一些探险家和他们的船长出发去探索这座神秘的岛屿。
　　　　　　　　，some explorers，along with their captain， set out to explore the mysterious island.
②After all the e-mails had been answered， the girl turned off the computer.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（独立主格结构）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the girl turned off the computer.（with复合结构）
句型公式：介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装
【教材原句】　Above me was the calm surface of the sea.
在我之上是平静的海面。
【用法】　
（1）表示地点的介词词组置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 （2）out， in， down， up， away， here， there， now， then， next等表示方位和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。 （3）在上述两种情况中，若主语是代词，则不用倒装。 （4）作表语的形容词、分词短语提到系动词前面时，句子也构成完全倒装。 （5）代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时，句子用完全倒装。
【品悟】　Lying on the bed was my labmate， weak and worried.
我的课题搭档躺在床上，又虚弱又忧心忡忡。
【写美】　微写作
①从山谷中传来美妙的歌声。
From the valley 　　　　　　　　　　.
②窗边坐着一位老人，手里拿着一本杂志。
By the window 　　　　　　　　　　with a magazine in his hand.
③这就是我们充满活力的城市，只要您方便，随时欢迎来参观。
　　　　　　　　　　　　， which you are welcome to visit whenever at your convenience.
④被选为领袖的她很幸运。
　　　　　　　　 who was chosen to be a leader.
句型公式：as if引导方式状语从句
【教材原句】　Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see as if I was in broad daylight？
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【用法】　
as if/as though引导表语从句或方式状语从句。 （1）如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或极有可能发生的，句子要用陈述语气。 （2）如果所引导的从句只是表示一种假设的情况，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，其形式如下： 　as if/ as though
【品悟】　When you walk into the gallery， you feel as if you were inside a fragile， white seashell.当你走进画廊时，你感觉就像在一个精细洁白的贝壳里面。
【写美】　微写作/一句多译
①杰克什么也没说，但老师对他微笑，好像他做了一件非常聪明的事。
Jack didn’t say anything， but the teacher smiled at him as if he 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
②我记得整件事就像昨天发生的一样。
I remember the whole thing as if 　　　　　　　　　　　　.
③当我看见那个男孩时，他站在那儿，低着头，好像刚刚被老师批评了。
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
→When I saw the boy， he stood there with his head bent 　　　　　　　　　　　　just now.
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅲ
11 / 11Section Ⅱ　Using language
过去将来时
①Last year， hundreds of people spent good money on an experience that they knew would include crowds， discomfort and danger.
②In 2011， words similar to those of Mallory were spoken by American mountain climber Alan Arnette，who climbed Qomolangma in that year and was going to climb other high mountains around the world.
③He said the train was leaving at six the next morning.
④She told me she was coming to see me.
【我的发现】
　以上例句加黑处均表示　　　　　　　　，其中句①是　　　　　　　　形式，句②是　　　　　　　　　　形式，句③和句④是某些动词的　　　　　　　代替过去将来时。
过去将来时表示从过去的某一时间来看将来要发生的动作或呈现的状态。
1.“would＋动词原形”常表示根据过去计划或安排即将发生的事。
She told us that she would not pay a visit to the magnificent building， if it rained.
她告诉我们，如果下雨的话她就不去参观那个宏伟的建筑了。
名师点津
“would＋动词原形”也可表示过去的某种习惯行为。
He would sit for hours doing nothing.
他过去常常会坐上几个小时无所事事。
2.“was/were going to＋动词原形”表示过去的打算和意图。
I was going to see Mr Brown the next day， but the appointment was cancelled.
我本打算第二天去看布朗先生，但预约被取消了。
名师点津
“was/were going to＋动词原形”还可表示根据当时情况判断有可能但不一定会发生某事。
It seemed as if it was going to rain.
看起来好像要下雨。
3.“was/were about to＋动词原形”表示过去即将发生的事。
We were about to go out when it began to rain.我们刚要出门突然天开始下雨。
4.条件状语从句和时间状语从句中须用一般过去时代替过去将来时。
I didn’t know when she would come， but when she came I would let you know.
我不知道她什么时候来，但她来了我会告诉你。（第一个when引导宾语从句，可使用过去将来时；第二个when引导时间状语从句，只能用一般过去时代替过去将来时）
5.表示“位置转移”或“起止”的动词（如come，go，leave， arrive， start等），其过去进行时可表示过去将来时。
She told her mother that she was going to a dance party with Mike.
她告诉她的母亲，她要和迈克一起去参加一个舞会。
【即时演练】　单句语法填空
①Our headmaster said that there 　　　　　　　　　　（be） a sports meeting next month.
②The boy was about 　　　　　　　　（go） to bed when someone knocked at the door.
③The bus driver told everybody to get ready because the bus 　　　　　　　　（start）.
④He promised that he 　　　　　　　　（buy） some batteries for us when he 　　　　　　（get） there.
⑤It was said that another school was 　　　　　　　　（build） in our hometown next month.
unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的
【教材原句】　At first， the waters of the strait were calm and we spent our days working， fishing and playing cards， happily unaware that we wouldn’t be back for a very long time.
起初，海峡的水平静，我们整天工作、钓鱼、打牌，很快乐，却没有意识到我们可能很长时间都回不去了。
【用法】　
（1）be/become unaware of/that ...　　 　　不知道/未意识到…… （2）aware adj.　　知道的；意识到的 be/become aware of/that ...　　知道/明白/意识到…… make sb aware of/that ...　　让某人知道/意识到…… （3）awareness n.　　意识；知道 raise one’s awareness of ...　　唤起某人……的意识
【佳句】　We hope that you will make us aware of any shortcomings which you may find in this plan.我们希望你会让我们意识到你在这个计划里可能发现的任何缺陷。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①In the library， the boy was lost in reading， so he wasn’t aware 　　　　　　all the others had left.
②I get so absorbed in doing something that I’m 　　　　　　（aware） of things happening around me.
③Many people are unaware 　　　　　　just how much food and drink they have consumed.
【写美】　补全句子
④It is a day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　which are vital to human beings.
这是一个提高人们保护海洋的意识的日子，海洋对人类至关重要。（环境保护）
guideline n.指导方针，指导原则
【教材原句】　Complete the first aid guidelines with the words and expressions in Activity 4.
用活动4中的单词和短语完成急救指南。
【用法】　
（1）guidance n.　　　　　指导，引导 under the guidance of　　在……的指导下 （2）guide n.　　指南；指导的事物；导游；向导 vt.　　领路；指引，指导 guide sb to do sth　　指导某人去做某事 guide sb to/through/around ...带领某人到/穿过/参观……
【佳句】　Peter was the first man to guide you to live a more meaningful life.
彼得是第一个引导你过更有意义的生活的人。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Activities all take place under the 　　　　　　（guide） of an experienced teacher.
②It was the girl who guided the blind man 　　　　　　the busy street.
【写美】　 句式升级
③We were guided by a local guide and visited the magnificent church.
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， we visited the magnificent church.（过去分词短语作状语）
injury n.伤，损害
【教材原句】　Work in pairs.Offer first aid advice for injuries or illness in Activity 5.
两人一组。为活动5中的伤病或疾病提供急救建议。
【用法】　
（1）injury to ...　　　　　对……的伤害 do sb an injury/do an injury to sb伤害某人 （2）injure vt.　　伤害 （3）injured adj.　　受伤的 the injured　　伤者
【佳句】　Though injured in the leg， he was determined to finish the marathon.
尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松。
【点津】　the injured作主语时，谓语用复数形式。
The injured were sent to a nearby hospital.伤者被送到附近的一家医院。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Hearing he wasn’t 　　　　　　（injure） in the car accident， everyone breathed a sigh of relief.
②The 　　　　　　（injure） in her leg makes it impossible for her to return to track and field.
【写美】　补全句子
③The rescue team rushed to the spot， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　and then took them to the nearest hospital.
营救队冲往现场，给伤者进行急救，然后把他们送往最近的医院。 （动作链描写）
stretch v.延伸，绵延 n.伸展，展开
【教材原句】　China’s National Highway 318， stretching over 5，000 kilometres， runs from Shanghai to Zhangmu， Tibet.中国的318号国道，全长5，000多公里，贯穿上海到西藏樟木。
【用法】　
（1）stretch to/into　　　　延伸到…… stretch out　　伸出，伸开 stretch one’s legs　　（久坐之后）散散步，活动活动腿脚 stretch the truth/facts　　夸大事实，言过其实 （2）at full stretch　　全力以赴；尽量伸长手臂
【佳句】　Row after row of orange trees stretched to the horizon.
一排排橙子树绵延不绝。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①With his hands stretched 　　　　　　， the homeless boy begged for money from passers-by.
【写美】　补全句子
②They are making preparations for the coming College Entrance Examination 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
他们正在全力以赴地为即将到来的高考做准备。
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅱ
4 / 4单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ◇自我评价 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词
1.　　　　　　adj.　开始的，最初的
2.　　　　　　 v.　　证实，证明
3.　　　　　　 n.　　人群
4.　　　　　　 n.　　努力，尝试
5.　　　　　　 adj.　　未觉察到的，未意识到的
6.　　　　　　 n.　　指导方针，指导原则
7.　　　　　　 n.　　液体，液态物
8.　　　　　　 n.　　仆人，佣人
9.　　　　　　 n.　　主管，负责
10.　　　　　　 adv.　　在前面
11.　　　　　　 n.　　章节
12.　　　　　　 n.　　居民，住户
Ⅰ.选用左栏单词并用其适当形式填空
1.The application of AI technologies in health care industry is in an 　　　　　　stage compared with that in automatic driving.
2.The show began as soon as I took my place in the merry 　　　　　　.
3.Latest development in relation to the disease will be discussed in detail next 　　　　　　.
4.The manager has not made up his mind yet as to who will be in 　　　　　　of the project.
5.I get so absorbed in doing something that I am 　　　　　　of things happening around me.
二、拓展单词
1.　　　　　　 n.失败→fail v.失败
2.　　　　　　 n.伤，损害→injure v.伤害
3.　　　　　　 v.允许，准许，许可→permission n.准许，允许
4.　　　　　　 v.相联系，有关联；讲述→relation n.关联，关联性→related adj.相关的
5.　　　　　　 v.使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishment n.吃惊，惊讶→astonished adj.感到惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
6.　　　　　　 v.环绕，围绕→surrounding v.包围，环绕n.周围环境adj.周围的，附近的
7.　　　　　　 v.消耗→consumption n.消耗，消费
8.　　　　　　n.深，深度→deep adj.深的→deepen v.加深
9.　　　　　　 adj.宽的，阔的→broaden v.拓宽
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.To prevent soft tissue 　　　　　　（injure）， remember to warm up before exercising.
2.The fee they are offering bears no 　　　　　　（relate） to the amount of work involved.
3.In some countries， tourists need to apply for the 　　　　　　（permit） of the local people if they want to camp in some places.
4.Everyone in the museum was 　　　　　　（astonish） by the beauty of the artworks on show.
5.While some people are motivated by a need for success， others are motivated by a fear of 　　　　　　（fail）.
三、重点短语
1.　　　　　　　　 集中（注意力、精力等）于
2.　　　　　　　　　弄明白，搞清楚；理解；计算出
3.　　　　　　　　　把……称为……
4.　　　　　　　　　代表；象征；表示
5.　　　　　　　　　主管，负责
6.　　　　　　　　　寻找
7.　　　　　　　　　回忆，回顾
8.　　　　　　　　　给……留下印象
9.　　　　　　　　　是……的原因；解释；导致；占……（比例）
10.　　　　　　　　　在大白天
11.　　　　　　　　　成功做成某事
12.　　　　　　　　　使……成为焦点
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.The concerned parents and teachers went into the forest 　　　　　　　　the missing child.
2.Conservationists have 　　　　　　　　setting aside natural reserves for the wild species they are trying to protect during the past decade.
3.Could you say something to 　　　　　　　　your absence from school？
4.The blind boy playing the piano at the party 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　us.
5.The person who is 　　　　　　　　is Mr Wang.We can go to his office to ask him about this thing.
6.The research team are still working hard to 　　　　　　　　 it was what that caused the disease.
四、经典句式
1.动词-ing短语作结果状语
Christopher Columbus （1451－1506） was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between Spain and the Americas， thus 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（标志着欧洲人开始探索美洲）.
2.where引导非限制性定语从句
They are captured and taken inside the submarine， 　　　　　　　　　　　（在那里他们遇见了负责人）， Captain Nemo.
3.独立主格结构
Captain Nemo walked in front， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（他的一个随从紧随其后）.
4.介词词组置于句首引起的完全倒装句
Above me 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（是平静的海面）.
5.as if引导方式状语从句
Shall I be believed when I say that， at the depth of thirty feet， I could see 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（像我在明亮的日光下）？
Ⅳ.补全句子
1.On average， there are 800 tornadoes in the US each year， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
在美国平均每年有800次龙卷风，导致约80人死亡，1，500人受伤。
2.Students should involve themselves in community activities， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
学生应该参与社区活动，在社区活动中他们能获得成长的经验。
3.She hugged the caring twins tightly， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
她紧紧地抱住贴心的双胞胎，双眸满是泪水。
4.In the north of our motherland 　　　　　　　　　　　　， which was built in the Qin Dynasty.
祖国北方矗立着长城，它是在秦朝修建的。
5.David speaks English perfectly 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
大卫英语说得很棒，就好像他在英国住了很多年似的。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
1.In order to have the experience of adventure， he tried an extreme sport last week.
为了体验冒险，上周他尝试了一项极限运动。
2.To an optimistic person， difficulties are just an entrance to a bright future.
对于一个乐观的人来说，困难只是通往光明前程的入口。
3.The meaning of life is to give life meaning.
生命的意义在于赋予生命意义。
4.Life is filled with challenges.It is those challenges that make me who I am today.
人生充满了挑战。正是那些挑战成就了今天的我。
5.Explore the earth like children do and see the world through new eyes.There are amazing adventures here for you.
用孩子的方式去探索地球并用全新的目光去看世界。这里有令人惊喜的探险在等着你。
6.Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over， and hurt only serves to make us stronger.
没有什么事情大到难以克服，伤痛只会使我们更加强大。
7.Adventure is the champagne of life. —G.K.Chesterton
探险是生命的香槟。 ——G.K.切斯特顿
4 / 4UNIT 5　What an adventure！
　　　最近几十年我国的航天事业发展极为迅速，包括一系列卫星中心的建立以及探月工程的快速推进。
　　The history of space exploration in China can date back to several decades ago.In the mid-20th century， as some other nations began their rush to become the first nation to reach the Moon.China began to go after space travel， and before long it launched its first rocket into space.With great progress in scientific technology， China began working on sending humans into space.In 1993， China set up the China National Space Administration（CNSA） to work on the space program.
　　The CNSA has several satellite launch centres throughout China.One lies in Jiuquan， and it is used to launch satellites and other vehicles into lower and medium orbits.The first Chinese astronaut was sent into space from Jiuquan in 2003.The Taiyuan Satellite Launch Centre is mainly used to launch weather and communications satellites， and carrier rockets into sun-synchronous orbits （太阳同步轨道）.The Xichang Satellite Launch Centre， located in Sichuan Province， is the site of most heavy lift launches for communications satellites， weather satellites， etc.The Wenchang Satellite Launch Centre is located in Hainan.It has been specially selected for its low latitude and is used for the country’s deep space missions.
　　Now one of China’s major goals is to send more missions to the Moon.So far， the CNSA has launched both orbital and lander missions to the Moon’s surface.These missions have sent back valuable information about the Moon.
　　It also focuses on the visit to Mars， including the possibility of sending human teams to explore there.
　　China has cooperation with other nations in space exploration.Cooperation between countries in space exploration helps reduce costs and brings various countries together to solve technological problems.China is interested in participating in international agreements for future exploration.It currently works with the European Space Agency （ESA）.Together， the CNSA and the ESA are working to build a human settlement on the Moon.This “Moon Villa” would grow into a test bed for many different activities.Exploration would be at the top of the list， followed by space tourism.
【理解】
1.What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.What can we learn about CNSA according to the last paragraph？
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
【积累】
1.launch vt.　　　　　　发射
2.select vt.　　选择
3.latitude n.　　纬度
4.cooperation n.　　合作
5.currently adv.　　目前
2 / 2学习讲义部分
UNIT 1　Knowing me， knowing you
单元话题导入
1.It is less important than face-to-face relationships.
2.She used to have difficulty facing each new day.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.teammate　2.performance　3.embarrassed　4.ashamed　5.the point guard　6.think　7.speak
第二步
1－6　DACCAC
第三步
1.（1）I’m crazy about basketball， and pretty good at it too， which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match.
（2）We played well，but I felt the team were let down by one member， our point guard.
（3）Disappointed by his behaviour， I said all this to my best friend.
（4）I was just letting off steam really， because I was so angry， but then my friend went and told everyone else what I’d said.
（5）Embarrassed and ashamed， I can’t concentrate on anything.
2.（1）Treated this way， you’re sure to feel hurt — we should always be able to trust those closest to us， and it hurts even more when we find we can’t.
（2）It is understandable in that situation， but we should always think before we speak.
3.（1）There is an old American saying， “Loose lips sink ships.”
（2）The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend’s.
（3）You admit that you were “letting off steam”.
第四步
1.If one speaks carelessly about private or sensitive information， someone could hear and use it to damage or ruin something important.
2.Yes.I was once very angry with my deskmate for breaking my favourite cup by accident.I complained to my friend about it.Unfortunately， my friend told others my complaint， which made me very embarrassed.I realise that I shouldn’t say too much when I am angry.
第五步
1.原因状语　宾语
我其实只是想发泄一下怒气，因为我太生气了，可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
2.条件状语　宾语
如果你们以后篮球比赛还想赢球（我肯定你们一定想赢！），你们就必须团结合作，这就意味着你们彼此之间必须沟通清楚，解决矛盾。
3.原因状语　宾语
满腔怒火的时候，你往往想到什么就说什么。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①up　②a　③messy　④in a mess
2.①wondering　②out　③can’t help but face failure
④is of great help； is very helpful
3.①of　②alone　③out　④let you down
4.①faulty　②at　③for　④find fault with
5.①took a deep breath　②held their breath
③took my breath away　④out of breath/breathless
6.①about/for　②concerns　③concerned
④As/So far as I’m concerned
重点句型解构
1.①Eager to improve　②Surprised and happy
2.①……之后才……　②还没来得及……就……
③It will be half a year before　④It wasn’t long before
⑤It was a long time before　⑥won’t go home before
⑦before you make a decision
3.①Whoever climbs to the top of the hill first
②Whatever you do； No matter what you do
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.原因　条件　时间　让步　方式
2.被动　已经完成　单独　连词
3.保持一致　独立主格结构
即时演练1
①原因状语　②条件状语　③方式状语　④时间状语
即时演练2
①Although defeated again　②when accompanied by their parents　③Concerned about his son’s safety
④The signal given
即时演练3
①Hesitating　②Inspired　③revealing
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①annoying　②to learn　③with　④To his annoyance
2.①adjustment　②living　③adjust yourself to the life
3.①by； on　②accidentally　③by mistake
4.①interrupting　②forgiveness　③forgive and forget
5.①embarrassed　②embarrassing　③embarrassment
④To her embarrassment
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.feel better　2.ourselves　3.encouragement　4.frank
5.different　6.bad news
第二步
1－6　ADCBCC
第三步
Written more than two hundred years ago， these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well-known excerpts of Scottish poetry：
Oh， what a tangled web we weave，
When first we practise to deceive！
第四步
1.It depends on what thing we will tell.If it brings some bad results， I think we’d better tell the truth.
2.A white lie refers to a lie that is told in order to be polite or to stop someone from being upset by the truth or to encourage someone.
3.For example， whenever my mother cooks meat， she often says that she doesn’t like eating meat.In fact， she says so to save the meat and allow us to eat more.
第五步
1.宾语　宾语
我们都知道诚实是一项重要品质，也知道说谎是不对的。但是谁又能诚实地说自己从来没有说过谎呢？
2.时间状语　宾语　定语　meal
但是，当我们撒谎说某人的发型很好看，或者说不合我们口味的菜很好吃时，我们真的是在为别人着想吗？
3.省略了关系代词that/which的定语　时间状语
也许被你评价为“很好吃”的菜肴会在你每次到访时都出现在餐桌上。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①with　②Frankly
③Honestly speaking； To tell the truth
2.①in　②down　③tore　④was moved to tears
3.①tears； apart　②falling apart　③set； apart　④take； apart
⑤Apart from/Besides/In addition to the reasons above
重点句型解构
1.①so that we got good seats　②in order that/so that he can pass the exam； in order to/so as to pass the exam； In order to pass the exam
2.①The first time I met Jane　②Every time I was in trouble
③last time I called on him　④the moment/instant/minute
Section Ⅳ　Writing an essay
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.
2.A farmer saved a frozen snake.
3.The snake killed him at last.
4.Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.
5.Some old people were not grateful to the people who helped them.
6.They deceived the people who helped them， hurt them and got a lot of money.
7.It made the public very annoyed.
8.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
9.Frankly speaking，it is very important to extend our helping hands.
10.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
三、1.A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
2.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them， some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.
四、
　　I am deeply impressed with/by The Farmer and the Snake.The fable goes like this：A farmer saved a frozen snake， which killed him at last.
　　Many of us have had the experience of being hurt by the people we ever helped out.Instead of being grateful to the people who helped them，some old people deceived them， hurt them and got a lot of money， which made the public very annoyed.But on the other hand， some people in trouble died for lack of timely help.
　　Frankly speaking， it is very important to extend our helping hands.But remember to help the people who are really in need.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Tom walked out of the store quickly，happy and concerned.
2.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.
3.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.
4.He took a deep breath， walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.”
5.To his shock，the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.
6.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom，tears of joy rolling down.
二、
　　Tom walked out of the store quickly， happy and concerned.He was concerned that he would let his mother down and his mother would be annoyed.Thinking twice， he resolved to return the book to the store.He took a deep breath，walked into the store and took out the book in embarrassment，“Please forgive me for taking the book without paying the money.” To his shock， the owner didn’t criticise him but promised to give the book to him on condition that he would work in his store for two days.Arriving home，Tom told everything to his mother.The mother put her arms around Tom， tears of joy rolling down.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.steam　2.sink　3.fault　4.strategy　5.signal
6.duty　7.accident　8.forgive　9.boxing　10.justify　11.tear　12.moreover　13.apart　14.fence
Ⅰ.1.tears　2.sank　3.apart　4.forgave　5.accident
6.fault　7.duty
二、1.loose　2.resolve　3.breath　4.concern　5.annoyed　6.adjust　7.ensure　8.complexity　9.criticise
10.embarrassment　11.frank　12.independent
Ⅱ.1.frankly　2.ensure　3.①independent　②independence
4.①embarrassment　②embarrassed
5.①annoyed　②annoying
三、1.help out　2.let down　3.let off steam
4.be angry with　5.be sure to　6.apologise to
7.communicate with　8.pull one’s weight　9.white lies
10.tell a lie　11.protect ...from ...　12.tell the truth　13.to what extent　14.even if/though　15.hide sth from sb　16.take a breath
Ⅲ.1.let down　2.apologised to　3.help out
4.communicate with　5.white lies　6.even if/though
7.let off steam
四、1.Embarrassed and ashamed
2.whatever comes to your mind
3.so that they can improve
4.every time you visit
Ⅳ.1.Tired and thirsty
2.whatever problems arise
3.so that everyone can hear you
4.Every time I saw Miss Ma in the office
UNIT 2　Making a difference
单元话题导入
1.The former owners forgot the existence of the coins.
2.To inspire people in trouble.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.experience　2.raised　3.finished　4.are attracted
5.have benefited from　6.courage
第二步
1－6　BBCCAD
第三步
1.（1）They were grateful to him and invited him to visit.
（2）He also saw hundreds of delighted students who had turned out to welcome him.
（3）At first Ryan was nervous，but soon a great warmth filled him.
（4）He broke into a joyful smile.
2.（1）Two thousand dollars was a lot of money，but Ryan didn’t give up.
（2）He was determined to help other children have clean water.
（3）This insight grew from the determined attitude of a six-year-old boy who had the courage and perseverance to make his dream a reality.
3.（1）Young Ryan thought， “Life is easy for me， but hard for those people.Why don’t I help？”
（2）Ryan understood that a hand pump wouldn’t help the children.What they needed was a well dug near their homes.
（3）Later，Ryan’s experience led him to set up a foundation to encourage more people to help.
第四步
1.I can offer food and hot water to the homeless people， and I can also donate my pocket money to help the children in poor areas.
2.I will turn to some adults around for help instead of helping them by myself because that can make me in the same trouble.
第五步
1.后置定　同位语　words
年仅六岁的加拿大男孩瑞安难以相信老师说的话——在欠发达的非洲国家，许多人都喝不到足够干净的水。
2.时间状语　宾语　it　to build a well
瑞安很快就达成了他的第一个目标——挣了70美元。但是当他把这笔钱交给慈善机构的时候，他才得知建一口井实际的花费是2，000美元。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①building　②contributions　③to　④contribute to
2.①Relieved　②with　③of
④It was a relief to； To my relief
3.①of　②shortage　③for　④In short
4.①effective　②into　③In　④have a great effect on
5.①a　②earned him a good reputation/earned a good reputation for him
6.①donor　②donation　③donated a million dollars to
7.①up　②down　③from　④broke into a smile
重点句型解构
1.①that his health is failing
②that I should stop complaining
③that we will finish the work in such a short time
④that Zhang Wei will keep his promise
2.①with which I wrote down his phone number　②in which my elder brother once studied　③on which　④for which
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.单个　前面　过去分词短语　后面
2.②⑥　③④　①　⑤
即时演练1
①appointed place　②damaged house　③satisfied smile　④known to everybody　⑤made by the customers
⑥selected from the whole country
即时演练2
①working； studying　②discussed　③being talked
④to be completed　⑤mentioned
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①继续　②开始担当　③占用（时间）　④takes off
2.①about　②complaining　③of
④much more sensitive to their present situation
3.①with　②generosity　③It’s generous of you to lend
4.①hesitation　②about/over　③recommending
④hesitate to contact
5.①assistance　②assistant
③assist you with； assist you to learn/in learning
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.London　2.business　3.safety in Britain　4.military
5.a forgotten journal　6.passed away
第二步
1－5　DCBCA
第三步
（1）It is August 1939， and a group of frightened children are boarding a train at Prague’s Wilson Station.
（2）Their heartbroken parents do not join them.Indeed， they fear they may never see their children again.
（3）A shocked Winton watched as the majority of people rose to their feet.
第四步
1.Because their country was being invaded by Nazi forces and they were in danger of losing their lives.
2.No， I only did what I thought should be done.
第五步
1.独立主格　定语
这些孩子大都是犹太人，他们是尼古拉斯·温顿即将从纳粹手里解救的669名儿童中的一部分。
2.后置定　定语
在布拉格，温顿看到人们生活在绝境中，连生命都受到威胁。
3.非限制性定语　正如……
这恰恰印证了中国的一句古话：仁者寿。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①to　②in　③aid him in continuing； aid him to continue
2.①to　②on　③rose to our feet
3.①in　②achievement　③achieve his goal
④achieving success
4.①in　②are　③a/the　④minorities　⑤the majority of
5.①as　②to　③treated him for
重点句型解构
　①seeing　②arrival　③On/Upon finishing his studies； The moment/minute/instant/second he finished his studies； immediately/directly/instantly he finished his studies
Section Ⅳ　Writing a biography
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Mo Yan was born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955.
2.Mo Yan’s original name is Guan Moye，and he showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
3.What’s more，not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
4.After he graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
5.With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
6.To all Chinese people’s excitement， in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
三、1.Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years.
2.Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986，Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later.
四、
　　Born into a poor family in Gaomi，Shandong Province on 17 February 1955，Mo Yan，whose original name is Guan Moye， showed great interest in reading and calligraphy in his early years. What’s more， not only is he outgoing but he also has a strong sense of humour.
　　Having graduated from the PLA Academy of Arts in 1986， Mo Yan went on further education and received a Master of Arts from Beijing Normal University five years later. With a talent for literature， he won China’s highest literary prize — Mao Dun Literature Prize by his book Frog in 2011.
　　To all Chinese people’s excitement，in 2012 he became the first Chinese writer to be awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature，which would certainly make great contributions to the development of Chinese literature.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！”
2.Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.
3.With his assistance， Mac was safe.
4.“Oh，my god，my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.
5.Paul drove the car back quickly.
6.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.
7.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul， “Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.”
8.Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
二、
　　Paul shouted through the window，“Get in the car quickly！” Mac jumped off the bicycle and into the back seat of the car without hesitation.With his assistance， Mac was safe.“Oh， my god， my friends are still repairing the bicycle！” shouted Mac.Paul drove the car back quickly.Luckily，a few minutes later，they found the other two cyclists.Mac breathed a sigh of relief and said to Paul，“Without your generous assistance， I would be the dinner of the wolf.” Hearing this， Paul broke into a smile.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.internal　2.fund　3.recycle　4.foundation　5.insight
6.extend　7.mission　8.disease　9.territory
10.sensitive　11.generous　12.royal　13.institution
14.aid　15.temporary　16.military　17.obtain
18.certificate　19.further
Ⅰ.1.Aided　2.sensitive　3.temporary　4.certificate
5.further　6.diseases　7.Royal　8.institution
二、1.contribution　2.relief　3.shortage　4.effective
5.earn　6.donate　7.reality　8.disability　9.hesitate
10.assistance　11.registration　12.confirmation
13.achievement　14.chief　15.major　16.treatment
Ⅱ.1.effective　2.contribution　3.①hesitation　②hesitated
4.①achievement　②achieved 　5.①relief　②to relieve
6.①reality　②really　7.①majority　②majored
8.①disability　②disabled
三、1.set up　2.be determined to do 　3.make a difference 　4.benefit from ... 　5.hesitate to do sth　6.come up with
7.play an important role in ...　8.escape from ...
9.in danger　10.keep records of　11.serve as　12.take sb in
13.at one point 　14.rise to one’s feet　15.pass away
Ⅲ.1.come up with　2.make a difference　3.set up
4.pass away　5.keep records of　6.At one point
7.benefit from
四、1.that many people in developing African countries couldn’t get enough clean water
2.with which a well was built near a primary school in Uganda
3.not “Why don’t I help？”，but “How can I help today？”
4.On leaving school
Ⅳ.1.that the sports meeting would be postponed
2.without which I couldn’t enter the theatre
3.Not you but he
4.On/Upon entering the room
UNIT 3　The world of science
单元话题导入
1.The two basic kinds of public Wi-Fi networks.
2.①Avoid shopping online.
②Keep personal information hidden well.
③Stop someone from looking at our devices.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.title　2.past　3.gunpowder　4.the compass
5.the telephone　6.tech-based　7.walking house
8.inventors　9.solution　10.create
第二步
1－5　BACBB
第三步
1.（1）New inventions like 3D printers have been used to make replacement hearts and bone parts.
（2）In terms of the environment， it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.
（3）It is capable of using GPS technology to travel to different places， with computing technology controlling its “legs”.
（4）What’s more， huge advances in solar technology mean it can be eco-friendly， too.
2.But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create， and that’s the real spirit of invention.
3.（1）For example， advances in virtual reality and wearable tech， as well as the flexible battery， mean we should soon be seeing further developments.
（2）But， as they say， “Never say never！”
第四步
1.Yes， I do.Thanks to computer power， important advances have been made.
2.As a senior high school student， I should make full use of time to learn knowledge.
第五步
1.宾语　宾语
书名提示现在是发明创造的新时代，但可能很多人都认为辉煌的发明时代已经结束了。
2.非限制性定语
古代轮子的发明无疑也是如此，后来演变为汽车。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①pressure　②to reveal　③put too much pressure on me
2.①capability　②of　③Capable of speaking/With a capability to speak fluent English
3.①（should） call　②to have　③to tell
④have a strong desire to learn Chinese well
重点句型解构
1.①found the young man （to be） very capable　②found her pet cat lying　③find it impossible to build
2.①with a book under his arm
②With a guide showing us around　③with the door closed
④With more and more forests damaged
3.①What was it that　②Was it because Jack came late for school that　③It is your sense of responsibility that
④It was not until he went to America as an exchange student that
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在完成时的被动语态
2.肯定　否定　一般疑问　特殊疑问
即时演练1
①has been brought about　②have been sent into space　③have been introduced　④Have the children been told 　⑤have been produced
即时演练2
①have been changed　②has been completed
③have been damaged　④has been translated
即时演练3
①Many big trees along the stream have been cut down by people to build houses.　②Large quantities of funds have been spent by them in bringing up the three children.
③My new schoolbag hasn’t been found by me up till now.
④Has a/any comment been made about the online database？
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①beyond our control　②beyond description/expression　③has changed beyond recognition
2.①in　②instances　③There are a number of improvements， for instance， the mouse buttons.
3.①of　②to　③attach great significance to
4.①for　②of　③cured myself of some shortcomings
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.fiction　2.electricity　3.kite　4.metal　5.lightning
6.has　7.entirely　8.inspired　9.spirit　10.facts
第二步
1－5　ADAAD
第三步
More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.
第四步
1.Persistence， devotion and interest.
2.Firstly， scientific discoveries promote the development of our society.Secondly， the contributions of scientists in medicine extend our lifespan.Thirdly， scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.
第五步
1.让步状语　形式主语　真正的主语　宾语
虽然已证实富兰克林的这一实验确有其事，不少科学家还是对事实真相提出了质疑。
2.that　定语　everything　让步状语
但在科学领域，能被实验与研究所证明的东西才算作事实，我们不应全盘相信我们读到或听到的事——即使它是一个精彩的故事。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①against　②on　③was declared open
2.①attachment　②to　③with a card attached to
3.①is　②are　③along with my parents am taking a flight to
4.①on　②for　③into　④On no account should you leave
重点句型解构
1.①Neither my classmates nor I was punished
②neither too hot nor too cold　③neither/nor will he
2.①would be
②rained/should rain/were to rain； would have to put off
③hadn’t been； would have failed　④were able to see
3.①while his brother is generous
②While/Although/Though David was tripped over within a few kilometers　③While taking exercise
Section Ⅳ　Writing an experiment report
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Today we carried out an experiment.Its aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment： pieces of aluminium，a Bunsen burner，a balance，a crucible and a pair of tongs.
3.The stages were as follows.
4.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.
5.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.
6.After that， we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.
7.Finally， we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.
8.We found it weighed a little more than before.
9.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion：There is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
三、1.Today we carried out an experiment，whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
2.After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
四、
　　Today we carried out an experiment， whose aim was to find out if there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.To carry out the experiment，we prepared the following equipment：pieces of aluminium， a Bunsen burner， a balance， a crucible and a pair of tongs.
　　The stages were as follows.First， we put a piece of aluminium in the crucible.Then we put the crucible on the balance and weighed it.Next，we lighted the Bunsen burner.After that，we held the crucible with aluminium in it over the Bunsen burner’s flame.Finally，we put the crucible with the aluminium in it on the balance and weighed it again.We found it weighed a little more than before.
　　After the experiment， we drew a conclusion that there is a change in weight after aluminium is heated.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest，Tim，a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.
2.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.
3.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.
4.He tripped and injured his leg.
5.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.
6.At that moment， he was excited beyond description.
7.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
二、
　　Excited and surprised at the rare species found in the forest， Tim， a biologist，was immersed in shooting pictures of them.It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realised that he was lost in the forest.Without compass and map，he thought he wasn’t capable of walking out.He tripped and injured his leg.After numerous attempts and failures，he saw the flash on the main road.At that moment，he was excited beyond description.“It was significant to take enough stuff for survival，” he said to himself.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.shoot　2.desire　3.beyond　4.instance　5.significant
6.injure　7.origin　8.theory　9.mental　10.cure
11.conduct　12.account　13.procedure
Ⅰ.1.desire　2.beyond　3.instances　4.significant
5.theories　6.origin　7.procedures　8.conducts
二、1.press　2.flexible　3.capable　4.declaration　5.attach
6.scientific　7.entirely　8.proof
Ⅱ.1.entirely　2.pressure　3.flexibly　4.scientific
5.declaration
三、1.as well as　2.in addition　3.in terms of　4.start with
5.lead to　6.virtual reality　7.wearable tech
8.be used to do sth　9.never say never　10.apart from
11.be named after　12.be attached to　13.along with　14.take place　15.die from　e up with
Ⅲ.1.came up with　2.take place　3.Apart from
4.start with　5.lead to　6.In terms of　7.In addition
四、1.find ourselves in the great new age of technology
2.with computing technology controlling its “legs”
3.what is it that
4.neither the story nor the details of the experiment
Ⅳ.1.find one of his fingers injured
2.With the young man leading the way
3.Who was it that
4.Neither his family nor he has been there
UNIT 4　Amazing art
单元话题导入
1.Have a good idea of the painting.
2.The nature or character of a subject.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.largest　2.huge sculpture　3.missing　4.skill　5.smaller
6.mind　7.selfie　8.cheaper　9.fantastic
第二步
1－5　ABCDA
第三步
1.（1）I can’t even begin to tell you how amazing this is！
（2）It’s the one and only Mona Lisa！
（3）Throughout his life， he made over 90 self-portraits！
2.（1）It looks like she has just flown down out of the sky and is standing on a ship.（metaphor）
（2）...it would take a lifetime to see everything！ （hyperbole）
（3）They really do reach out to us across the centuries as if time itself were nothing.（personification）
3.By the way， if you have enjoyed this live broadcast， subscribe to find out where I’m visiting next！
第四步
1.I like Western art very much.Because these works of art can not only give us the chance to appreciate the beauty， skill and great power in them， but also inspire us to learn the cultural backgrounds and thoughts expressed by the painters.
2.It seems to me that art plays a very important role in our daily lives.For one thing， it makes our lives more colourful and interesting.For another， it spreads some positive information and values to us.
第五步
1.宾　主　伴随状
虽然头部和手臂已经遗失了，但你们仍然可以想象她正高举双臂，庆祝一场古老战役的胜利。
2.宾语　目的状语
今天我们就先到这里，希望有一天你们都能来参观这个美妙之地，亲身感受这些伟大艺术作品的魅力。
3.条件状语　目的状语　宾语
哦对了，如果你们喜欢这场直播，请点击“订阅”，关注我下一站的目的地吧！
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①greetings　②in　③greeted me with
2.①of 　②Loaded　③a　④with
⑤took a load off my mind
3.①up　②unfold　③her hands folded
4.①across　②out　③about　④came up
5.①on　②will be exhibiting　③exhibition
④a Chinese Painting Exhibition will be held
重点句型解构
1.That’s because he got caught in the traffic；
That’s why he was absent from the meeting；
why he was absent from the meeting the day before yesterday was that he got caught in the traffic
2.①did win first prize　②but I did （study hard）
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.现在进行时的被动语态　be being done
2.肯定　否定　一般疑问　特殊疑问
即时演练1
①is being built　②isn’t being built
③Is a modern school being built
④Where is a modern school being built at present
即时演练2
①is being repaired； is under repair
②are being constructed； are under construction
③is still being considered； is still under consideration
【知识要点·须拾遗】
　①for　②for/through　③lacking in confidence
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.most significant　2.born　3.Wang Wei　4.serve
5.observed　6.gallop off　7.real horses
第二步
1－6　DBBBCC
第三步
Even after more than a thousand years have passed， we can still feel the power within its burning eyes， bared teeth and kicking hooves.
第四步
1.Both his talent and his hard work are the key to his success in the field of painting.
2.Xu Beihong， a Chinese painter， was good at painting horses.His work Eight Fine Horses has won great reputation at home and abroad.
第五步
1.过去分词短语　后置定语
《照夜白图》，现收藏于纽约大都会艺术博物馆，被认为是中国艺术史上最为重要的骏马图之一。
2.独立主格　定语　every detail
韩干日复一日地练习画马，用画笔把眼睛观察到的每一处细节都呈现了出来。
3.定语　Those　伴随状语　宾语
看过韩干的骏马图的人都对他独特的技艺赞赏有加，称他的马“跃然纸上”。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①sponsored　②to complete
③find some more sponsors for my bike ride
2.①for　②for　③am very fond of； am very keen on
3.①for　②in　③sing high praises for/think highly of/think well of/speak highly of/have a high opinion of
4.①in　②from/against　③put all the others in the shade
重点句型解构
1.①unless handled properly　②when necessary
2.①The higher； the thinner　②the wiser he will become　③the more I enjoy living in China
Section Ⅳ　Writing about an artwork
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
2.Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting， so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.
3.The painting Racing Horse not only shows six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
4.I think it’s delightful.Perhaps that’s because I really like the painting of animals.
5.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse，which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
三、1.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us，which look wonderfully alive， but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
2.Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.
四、
　　Xu Beihong was one of China’s best-known twentieth-century artists who is most famous for his lively paintings of horses.
　　Xu Beihong followed the traditional Chinese style of painting，so the painting Racing Horse is known for its brush drawings in black inks and natural colours.Not only does the painting Racing Horse show six horses running towards us， which look wonderfully alive，but also represents the personality and ideal of the gifted painter.
　　Perhaps the reason why I think it’s delightful is that I really like the painting of animals.In a word， I am so crazy about the painting Racing Horse， which was listed in the national level of cultural relics.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.
2.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.
3.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.
4.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.
5.Tony greeted them with a broad smile， standing up straight with his arms folded.
6.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
二、
　　Clair mentioned that she lacked confidence.What’s worse，her house wasn’t elegant enough for her husband who wanted to improve his social status with a bigger salary.Tony comforted her and promised to make her more beautiful and her house more elegant.He made it.A few days later，Clair invited other women to her house.Tony greeted them with a broad smile，standing up straight with his arms folded.All the women were fond of Clair’s house and Tony， a robot sponsored by a company.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.greet　2.broadcast　3.stair　4.battle
5.neighbourhood　6.calligraphy　7.demonstrate
8.needle　9.carve　10.contemporary　11.cigarette
12.lack　13.wine　14.fond
Ⅰ.1.greet　2.contemporary　3.lack　4.fond
5.neighbourhood　6.demonstrated
二、1.load　2.fold　3.exhibition　4.vividly 　5.elegant
6.magnificent　7.dirt　8.sponsor　9.frequent　10.mostly
Ⅱ.1.vividly　2.unfolded　3.①elegant　②elegance
4.①frequently　②frequency　5.exhibition
三、1.get a load of ...　2.hold up　3.have a mind of one’s own
4.sense of sadness　5.subscribe to　6.manage to do sth　7.be known for　8.be regarded as　9.by accident
10.due to　11.be fond of ...　12.sing high praises for
Ⅲ.1.sense of sadness　2.subscribed to　3.sang high praises for
4.hold up　5.by accident　6.is fond of
四、1.that’s why she attracts so many visitors every day
2.do reach out to us
3.While waiting at the gate
4.The more time he spent observing these animals
Ⅳ.1.That is why English has so many rules
2.did tell you the news
3.While travelling abroad
4.the more confident； the more likely
UNIT 5　What an adventure！
单元话题导入
1.The introduction to China’s satellite launch centres.
2.It values international cooperation in space exploration.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.crowds　2.appeals to　3.enjoy life　4.brings into focus　5.human nature　6.Type T　7.be connected　8.up to you
第二步
1－6　CDBACB
第三步
1.（1）What we get from this adventure is just sheer joy ... We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.That is what life means and what life is for.
（2）“It brings into focus what’s important to you.”He added，“There are a thousand reasons to turn around and only one to keep going.You really have to focus on the one reason that’s most important and unique to you.It forces you to look deep inside yourself and figure out if you really have the physical， as well as mental， toughness to push when you want to stop.”
2.（1）Recent studies indicate that risk-taking may be part of human nature， with some of us more likely to take risks than others.
（2）Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we expect to benefit from the result.
3.（1）He refers to the personalities of these people as “Type T”， with the “T” standing for “thrill”.
（2）Speaking to the LA Times about the “Type T” personalities，Farley said，“They’ll say，‘I’m not taking risks， I’m an expert ...’ They don’t want to die and they don’t expect to die.”
第四步
1.Yes， I’d like to.Because I enjoy taking risks.
2.I don’t agree with them.People who like to climb Qomolangma may want to show their strength to the world because they can conquer nature.
第五步
1.定语　插入语
明知道会是一次拥挤、不舒适而又危险的体验，去年仍有数百人愿意为此花费大价钱。
2.主语　结果状语
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，它让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另一些人感受到强大。
3.补足语　宾语　时间状语
它会强迫你去深入地审视自己，去思考自己的身体和心灵是否足够坚强，能在你想放弃的时候推动你继续向前。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①of　②with　③crowding into
2.①on/upon　②was brought　③focus on/upon
3.①down　②around　③It turns out that
4.①in　②on　③figure out
5.①to say　②to solve　③at the first attempt
6.①result in　②resulted from　③As a result　④as a result of
7.①failure　②to go　③Words failed their mother
8.①支持　②容忍，忍受　③stands out
重点句型解构
　①only to find　②making it the most popular one
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
过去将来时　would do　was going to do　过去进行时
即时演练
①would be　②to go　③was starting　④would buy； got
⑤to be built
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①that　②unaware　③of
④to raise people’s awareness of protecting the oceans
2.①guidance　②through　③Guided by a local guide
3.①injured　②injury　③gave first aid to the injured
4.①out　②at full stretch
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.weight　2.a nut　3.another air　4.wrinkled　5.solar rays
6.vibration　7.in broad daylight
第二步
1－5　CABDA
第三步
While attacking from the ship， Aronnax and Conseil， along with the whale hunter Ned Land， fall into the sea， and discover that the “creature” is actually a submarine.
第四步
1.I think there are some accidents they will meet， describing some hard conditions.
2.Yes， because I would like to appreciate the beautiful views underwater.
第五步
1.省略　they were　宾语
他们从船上对这只生物展开攻击，结果阿龙纳斯、康塞尔和捕鲸猎人内德·兰德都坠入海中，并且发现所谓的“生物”其实是一艘潜水艇。
2.非限制性定语
我已经感觉不到衣服、鞋子、氧气罐和厚重头盔的重量。我的头在头盔中摇来晃去，就像果仁在壳里滚动一般。
3.非限制性定语　限制性定语　vibration
这块令人目眩的地毯简直是一个反射器，强有力地把阳光反射回去，光线所经之处的每个水分子都因此而振动。
4.时间状语　宾语　方式状语
如果说在海面以下30英尺的地方，我能像在明亮的日光下一样看得清清楚楚，会有人相信吗？
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①the　②of　③taken charge of； was charged with； in charge of
2.①of　②ahead　③ahead of time/schedule
3.①permitting　②playing　③permission　④permit me to bring
4.①to　②relation　③to　④relates to the situation
5.①Astonished　②to learn　③astonishing
④It astonished me that
6.①herself　②from　③is distinguished as
7.①surroundings　②with　③was surrounded by
重点句型解构
1.①Breakfast over　②All the e-mails answered；
With all the e-mails answered
2.①came the beautiful song　②sat an old man
③Such is our lively city　④Lucky is she
3.①had done something very clever　②it happened yesterday
③as if he was criticised by the teacher；
as if criticised by the teacher
Section Ⅳ　Writing about a diving experience
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.It was a day of pure magic.
2.I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
3.The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.
4.What impressed me most was the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer.
5.All kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.
6.However，some creatures such as sharks were very dangerous， so I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
7.From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
三、1.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans，plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.
2.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
四、
16 June Sunday
　　It was a day of pure magic. I went diving beneath the ocean near Sanya with my family this afternoon.
　　The first thing I became aware of was all the vivid colours surrounding me.It is the fantastic corals which were shaped like fans， plates， mushrooms， the branches of trees and the horns of deer that impressed me most.And all kinds of small and elegant fish were swimming in and around the corals.However， some creatures such as sharks were so dangerous that I wasn’t permitted to get too close to them.
　　From the experience， I realise that the amazing underwater world is waiting for us to explore.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.Fascinated by the beautiful street lights，Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.
2.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.
3.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.
4.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.
5.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.
6.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.
7.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.
8.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
二、
　　Fascinated by the beautiful street lights， Tin was unaware of the approaching danger.A drunk driver knocked him down，making him badly injured.His legs bled.A crowd of people started to surround him to see what was happening.The crowd watched in astonishment，open-mouthed.Mary witnessed the accident and it was then that the first-aid knowledge she learned crowded into her mind.To stop bleeding，she covered the wound with a bandage.Her timely help made a difference to Tin’s recovery.The incident confirmed Mary in her decision to become a doctor in the future.
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.initial 　2.confirm　3.crowd　4.attempt　5.unaware
6.guideline　7.liquid　8.servant　9.charge　10.ahead
11.chapter　12.resident
Ⅰ.1.initial　2.crowd　3.chapter　4.charge　5.unaware
二、1.failure　2.injury　3.permit　4.relate　5.astonish
6.surround 　7.consume 　8.depth 　9.broad
Ⅱ.1.injury　2.relation　3.permission　4.astonished　5.failure
三、1.focus on　2.figure out　3.refer to ...as ... 　4.stand for
5.in charge　6.in search of　7.look back upon/on
8.leave an impression upon/on　9.account for　10.in broad daylight　11.succeed in doing sth　12.bring ... into focus
Ⅲ.1.in search of　2.focused on　3.account for
4.left an impression upon/on　5.in charge　6.figure out
四、1.marking the beginning of European exploration of the Americas
2.where they meet the man in charge
3.one of his men following some steps behind
4.was the calm surface of the sea
5.as if I was in broad daylight
Ⅳ.1.causing about 80 deaths and 1，500 injuries
2.where they can gain experience for growth
3.her eyes flooded with/full of tears
4.stands the Great Wall
5.as if he had lived in the UK for many years
UNIT 6　Disaster and hope
单元话题导入
1.The terrible wind.
2.It’s important to protect the environment.
Section Ⅰ　Starting out & Understanding ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.30 plus　2.air conditioning　3.higher　4.his flat　5.boat
6.the top floor　7.swim　8.natural disasters
第二步
1－5　ACDCD
第三步
1.（1）I suddenly feel a bit scared.
（2）I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia has destroyed a town.
（3）News like this makes me feel nervous.
（4）Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart， I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my face.
（5）Well， maybe I have been worrying too much.
2.（1）Sure enough， going down the stairs and onto the platform is like jumping into a volcano that’s erupting.（simile）
（2）I’m sure the passenger next to me and I are melting and becoming one！ （hyperbole）
3.Because there’s no air conditioning， the temperature inside the train can reach 35 degrees！
第四步
1.I agree with the author.Because climate in the world is closely related to our living environment.
2.I think climate change will affect my life in the future.I should do what I can to protect environment to slow down climate change.
第五步
1.主语　表语　定语　volcano
果不其然，走下楼梯，来到站台上就像是跳进一座正在喷发的火山。
2.时间状语　后置定语　宾语　宾语
我翻阅着手里的报纸，震惊地看到亚洲的台风摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
3.原因状语　形式主语　真正的主语　宾语
既然在地球上难逃一劫，或许我应该开始考虑移民太空了……
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①好转　②接（人）　③学会　④接收
⑤helped me pick out the book
2.①约定时间　②准时到达　③渡过难关　④made it
3.①immediate　②immediately　③the moment/instant/second/minute he saw it； on seeing it； as soon as he saw it
4.①getting　②through　③looked up
5.①occurred　②to　③to turn
④It occurred to Mother that； It hit/struck Mother that
6.①announcement　②to　③It was announced that
7.①After all　②first of all　③All in all
重点句型解构
　①Up to now/Until now； have been held
②Now that the Internet is becoming increasingly popular
Section Ⅱ　Using language
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1.简单句中　line
2.并列句中　it is
3.状语从句　you are
4.定语从句　who/whom/that
5.动词不定式　to forecast the weather
6.宾语从句　that
7.感叹句　it is
即时演练1
①You　②It　③them/the dishes　④Is there
即时演练2
①others后的study　②but后的he
③he didn’t come to school
即时演练3
①walking　②donated　③If so　④in Guangzhou
即时演练4
①which　②that
③why后的she didn’t go to school yesterday
即时演练5
①②　③④
即时演练6
①I’m afraid not　②I think so
即时演练7
①at　②on　③in
【知识要点·须拾遗】
1.①cheating　②to offer/offering　③reliable
④rely on it that
2.①to　②from　③Some of the rescue workers and doctors were trapped under the ruins and were in crisis.
3.①to help　②to have seen　③It is claimed that
4.①threatening　②under　③threatened to call the police
Section Ⅲ　Developing ideas
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.flew off　2.nowhere　3.helicopter　4.bad　5.good side　6.looking up at　7.hope　8.faraway　9.come back　10.reminders
第二步
1－6　BCCADD
第三步
　（1）I was so frightened that I just froze.
（2）At first， I was pleased we could stay at home， but soon it got really tough.
（3）We were so happy to take him with us， although then， none of us knew that we wouldn’t be back for quite a while.
第四步
　We can do what we can and try to call on people to donate money or things to help the local people in need.
第五步
1.宾语　让步状语
不过妈妈说不管发生什么，我们都应该尽量看到事情好的一面。
2.让步状语　宾语
我们都很高兴能带上它，不过那时我们都没料到这一去就很久都回不来。
【核心知识·巧突破】
核心词汇集释
1.①除此以外　②亦　③or otherwise
2.①from　②under　③from　④shelter from the rain
重点句型解构
　①had just covered three miles when　②was about to give up when； was on the point of giving up when
Section Ⅳ　Writing safety guidelines
【演练佳作·写美文】
写作步骤
二、1.Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.
2.The following tips may be helpful to you.
3.You should keep calm.
4.You can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
5.Cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.
6.While you are getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
7.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.
8.When you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.
9.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
10.Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
三、1.You should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.
2.While getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.
四、
　　Every year， hundreds of people lose their lives in fires， so it’s very necessary to know some tips to survive a fire.The following tips may be helpful to you.
　　Firstly， you should keep calm so that you can make wise decisions in dangerous situations.Secondly， cover your mouth and nose with a wet towel or a piece of wet cloth， otherwise you may have difficulty breathing.Thirdly， while getting away from the scene， you should lower your body and move along walls towards exits.Run downstairs instead of taking a lift.Last but not least， when you can’t find any way out， go to the toilet and wet its door， windows and all burnable objects that can burn easily.And at the same time， try to get in touch with people outside to ask for help.
　　Although fires are terrible， we can greatly increase our chances of survival as long as we stay calm and take effective action.
【教材词汇·练续写】
一、1.With a heavy heart，Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.
2.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.
3.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.
4.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.”
5.When they arrived at the hospital safely，Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
二、
　　With a heavy heart， Ada knew she had to rescue Roy immediately.She wrapped the shirt around Roy’s leg and straightened his leg with a long stick.Roy cried out in pain and grabbed Ada’s arm.“I know it hurts，”Ada said softly.“But this will hold it still until you are rescued by the helicopter.” When they arrived at the hospital safely， Roy said，“Luckily， you kept calm in an emergency.Otherwise， I would have suffered a more serious injury.How reliable a friend you are！”
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.disaster　2.plus　3.forecast　4.grab　5.rescue
6.claim　7.crisis　8.satellite　9.otherwise　10.property
11.shelter
Ⅰ.1.disasters　2.rescued　3.claimed　4.Otherwise　5.shelter
二、1.erupt　2.immediately　3.announcement
4.emergency　5.precisely　6.threat　7.sufficient
Ⅱ.1.eruption　2.announcement　3.emergencies
4.immediately　5.sufficiency
三、1.pick up　2.turn into　3.make it　4.look through
5.after all　6.up and down　7.result in/lead to　8.fly off
9.all of a sudden　10.keep on （doing sth）　11.have yet to
Ⅲ.1.All of a sudden　2.looked through　3.After all
4.picked up　5.up and down　6.kept on
四、1.It’s just typical that my journey is on one of the oldest lines
2.Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth
3.I was sitting in my room； when
4.the moment the storm hit
5.whatever happens
6.to look up at the stars of New Orleans
Ⅳ.1.It is natural that
2.Now that you badly want to lose weight
3.was reviewing my history notes when
4.the moment she heard the news
5.Whatever you meet with in the future
6.to reach her target weight
1 / 3Section Ⅳ　Writing about a diving experience
Step 1　品教材范文 Step 2　析写作手法
　　I couldn’t believe that I succeeded in diving and swam with the seals for 10 minutes！ I never thought I could start an adventure under the sea before， till my parents took me to the Farne Islands and tried diving there. 　　We were offered two choices， either wreck diving — to see the wrecked ship Somali， or scenic diving — to have a good time with the grey seals.I chose the second one because it was less challenging and I love sea animals. 　　Diving turned out to be much less difficult than I had imagined.I just put on the instruments and followed my instructor.I was a bit scared but my instructor told me to take it easy.At first， I could only see nothing， but when my eyes gradually adjusted to the darkness， I could see deep blue waves moving up and down， and small fishes swimming.Soon we reached the spot， and I could breathe normally. 　　It was such a wonderful world.Before realising it， I had been in the seaweed forest surrounded by the young seals.They were eager to get close to me and dance around me.I reached out my hands to touch one of them.All of a sudden， something big appeared on my right.I turned around and almost got astonished.It was a huge male seal.I was so scared fearing it would attack me.But it just touched me lightly with its body， as if it wanted to hug me.I put my hands on its back， trying to feel its smooth skin.The world here was so quiet that I felt that time had stopped. 　　Finally， my instructor gestured for me to go up.When I reached the surface， I had to readjust to the sunlight.What had happened just now was like a dream. 学语言： 1.使用否定词couldn’t和never起到了强调的作用，表达出作者对自己海底潜水经历的出乎意料。 2.使用被动语态We were offered ...，使表达更加地道；连词either ...or ... 的使用使表达更加连贯。 3.at first， soon等过渡性词语的使用使故事的叙述更有逻辑。 4.介词短语all of a sudden写出了潜水时不可预知的事情发生的突然，很有画面感。 5.so ...that ...句式强调了当时作者的真实感受。 学结构： 1.Introduction： What I did. 2.Main body： The whole diving experience and what I saw. 3.Conclusion：What I felt.
Step 3　背出彩佳句
常用的开头语
1.Sanya is really beautiful！
三亚真美呀！
2.The sky is as bright as sapphire， and there are patches of coconut forests， white sand and blue sea， which is unforgettable.
天空像蓝宝石一样透亮，还有成片的椰子林、洁白的沙滩和湛蓝的大海，令人难以忘怀。
3.Among them， the most unforgettable one is underwater diving.
其中，最让我难忘的就是海底潜水。
主体部分常用表达
1.Wow！ How beautiful the ocean floor is！
哇！海底真美呀！
2.Schools of small fish swam past me， wagging their big tails.
成群的小鱼摆动着大尾巴从我面前游过。
3.The fish was very strange， long and flat body， a pair of small bean eyes trickling round， gray and white body sparkling， a big， long tail wagging.
这小鱼长得非常奇怪，身子又长又扁，一双小豆豆眼滴溜滴溜圆，灰白相间的身体闪闪发光，一条大大的、长长的尾巴一摆一摆的。
4.In a moment they were gone.
不一会儿，它们便无影踪了。
常用的结束语
1.I asked my mother to let me dive next time.
我央求妈妈下次再让我来潜水。
2.My mother and I laughed together.What a wonderful diving experience！
我和妈妈一起放声大笑。多么美好的一次潜水经历！
　　假定你是李华，6月16日下午你和你的家人去三亚旅游，生平第一次潜水使你很激动。请你写一篇日记，记述潜水的经历，内容包括：
　　1.介绍潜水中的所见、所想；
　　2.说明潜水的感受。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
一、审题谋篇，结构分明
明确体裁、话题 记叙文；第一次潜水
确定时态、人称 一般过去时；第一人称
布局文章结构 第一段：潜水的时间、地点、人物； 第二段：介绍潜水时的所见、所想； 第三段：说明潜水的感受
二、要点陈述，语言规范
1.这是特神奇的一天。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.今天下午我和我的家人去三亚附近的海中潜水。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.我首先发现的是我周围所有鲜艳的色彩。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
4.给我印象最深的是奇妙的珊瑚，它们的形状像扇子、盘子、蘑菇、树枝和鹿角。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
5.各种各样的雅观小鱼在珊瑚里面和周围游来游去。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
6.不过，还有一些生物太危险，我是不被允许太靠近它们的，比如鲨鱼。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
7.从这次经历中，我意识到惊人的水下世界正等待着我们去探索。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
三、句间衔接，过渡自然
1.用强调句改写要点4。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.用so ...that ...引导的结果状语从句改写要点6。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
四、检查誊写，卷面整洁
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
心理描写 confirm v.证实，证明 thrill n.惊险，刺激 unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的 fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的 astonish v.使吃惊，使惊讶→astonishment n.惊讶
动作描写 crowd n.人群 v.涌上心头；拥挤 attempt n.努力，尝试 failure n.失败 bleeding n.流血，失血→bleed v.流血，失血 injury n.伤，损害 permit v.允许，准许，许可 consume v.消耗 distinguish v.看清；认出 surround v.环绕，围绕
人物描写 charge n.主管，负责 captain n.船长 wrinkled adj.有皱褶的
一、翻译句子
1.被美丽的街灯迷住，Tin没有意识到即将到来的危险。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
2.一个醉酒的司机把他撞倒，使他受了重伤。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
3.他的腿流血了。一群人开始围住他看发生了什么事。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
4.人群惊讶地张大了嘴注视着。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
5.Mary目睹了事故的发生。就在那时，她学过的急救方法涌入了她的脑海。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
6.为了止血，她用绷带包扎伤口。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
7.她及时的帮助对Tin的康复起到了作用。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
8.这一事件使Mary坚定了将来成为医生的决心。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
二、连句成篇
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 5　Section Ⅳ
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