资源简介

Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
撰写一份个人职业规划书
　　本单元要求撰写一份个人职业规划书。个人职业规划书是指对自己的兴趣、爱好、能力、特点等进行综合分析与权衡，结合时代特点，明确自己对未来职业的选择，作好自己的人生规划，思考自己应该努力的方向和具备的素质而撰写的一种应用文体。具体写作结构如下：
一、写作常用词汇
1.advantage n.　 优势
2.have a great passion for　　很喜欢
3.career planning　　职业规划
4.ideal jobs　　理想的工作
5.full of challenges　　充满挑战
6.make one’s mind to do sth　　下定决心做某事
7.education cause　　教育事业
8.apply for a job　　申请工作
9.realize one’s dream　　实现某人的梦想
10.anything but　　绝不是
11.get qualifications for teaching　　获得教书资格
12.make sb proud of ...　　让某人为……感到自豪
二、写作常用句式（注意加蓝部分的表达）
1.When it comes to my career planning， I would like to be a teacher in my hometown.
当谈到我的职业规划时，我想在我的家乡当一名教师。
2.The reason why I choose this career is that teachers possess a high social status and are respected.
我之所以选择这个职业，是因为教师拥有很高的社会地位，受人尊重。
3.I think I have the following advantages.
我认为我有以下优势。
4.On the one hand， I have patience， and on the other hand， I love children.
一方面，我有耐心，另一方面，我喜爱孩子。
5.Teaching is anything but easy， full of challenges.
教书绝不是容易的事，充满挑战。
6.I decide to start with gaining admission to university by working hard， and I can develop skills and get qualifications for teaching in university.
我决定努力考取大学，在大学培养当老师的技能以及获得教书资格。
7.After graduation， I will gain as much experience as possible while I am working.
毕业后，我将边工作边获取尽可能多的经验。
8.With my great efforts， I believe I can achieve my dreams！
凭着我的努力，我相信我会实现我的梦想！
　　假定你是某国际学校的学生李华。在听完关于职业规划的讲座后，受益匪浅。请你用英语写一份个人职业规划书，内容包括：
　　1.你理想的职业；
　　2.你相关的优势；
　　3.如何实现。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
My Career Plan
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.梦想　　　dream of　
2.厨师　　　chef　
3.满足人们的口味　　　meet people’s taste　
4.优势　　　advantage　
5.广阔的视野　　　broad horizons　
6.创造新的美食　　　create new tasty food　
7.实现某人的梦想　　　realize one’s dream　
8.激情；强烈情感　　　passion　
◎遣词造句
1.我梦想将来成为一名厨师。
　I dream of being a chef in the future.　
2.厨师制作各种美味的食物以满足人们的口味。
　The chef makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.　
3.我有一些当厨师的优势。
　I have some advantages to be a chef.　
4.一方面，我到各地旅游的经历为我提供了饮食文化的广阔的视野。
　On the one hand， my experiences of travelling to different places provide me with broad horizons of food culture.　
5.另一方面，创造新的美味食物给我带来了很多乐趣。
　On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun.　
6.然而，实现我的梦想并不容易。
　However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream.　
7.为了成为一名一流的厨师，我需要努力学习更多的知识，不断尝试。
　In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.　
8.凭着我的激情和努力，我相信我会有一个光明的未来。
　With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！　
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.用非限制性定语从句合并句1和句2
　I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.　
2.用强调句改写句4
　On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture.　
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
My Career Plan
　　　I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. I have some advantages to be a chef. On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture. On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun. However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream. In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.　
　　　With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！　
【即时演练】　
　　假定你是李华，即将大学毕业。你从网站上得知孔子学院要招聘志愿者担当汉语教师，请你用英语写一封信申请做志愿者，内容包括：
　　1.写信目的；
　　2.个人优势；
　　3.表达愿望。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　I am Li Hua， a college student.Knowing that volunteers are needed to teach foreigners Chinese， I am writing to apply for this position.
　　I’m convinced that I will be the right person for the position.To start with， not only do I have a good knowledge of Chinese， but I’m also fluent in English， which enables me to communicate with foreigners more easily.In addition， I’m quite familiar with some traditional Chinese arts like paper-cutting and calligraphy， thus giving me an opportunity to introduce Chinese culture to foreigners.Therefore， I think I’m qualified and suitable for the position.
　　I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance.Looking forward to your early reply.
　　 Yours，
Li Hua
qualification n.资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准
【教材原句】　After much thought， I decided to develop these skills and get the right qualifications by studying art at university. 经过深思熟虑，我决定通过在大学学习艺术来培养这些技能并获得合适的资格。
【用法】
（1）qualify vt.　 　使合格；使具备资格 vi.　　取得资格（或学历）；合格 qualify sb to do sth　　使某人有资格做某事 qualify sb for sth　　使某人胜任某事 （2）qualified adj.　　符合资格的；具备……的知识（或技能、学历等） be qualified to do sth　　有资格做某事 be qualified for　　具备……资格的；适合担任……的
【佳句】　Experience is more important for this job than paper qualifications.
对于这份工作，经验比文凭更重要。
He took all kinds of tests to prove he was qualified for this important task. 他参加各种各样的测试，以证明自己有资格接受这项重要任务。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①Only a college diploma doesn’t qualify you 　to take　 （take） up the job.
②I believe my skills and rich working experience will qualify me 　for　 the job.
③There is a growing need for 　qualified　 （qualify） teachers of Business English.
④Salary will be determined according to your working experience and 　qualifications　 （qualify）.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤I think I 　am qualified for this job　， because I have learned Chinese paintings since childhood.
我想我能胜任这份工作，因为我从小就学习中国画。
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Find your perfect job today.Start by choosing a sector， location or other options to get the results you want.
　　Clerk to West Midlands
　　·West Midlands Region
　　·￡30，000 per year
　　·3 days per week
　　·Closing date： 13 November
　　This interesting and demanding role would be appropriate for an individual with high levels of planning and organizational expertise， experience of public communications and a keen interest in the West Midlands.
　　Electrical Technician
　　·Southport， Merseyside
　　·￡9，094.40 per year
　　·Closing date： 27 October
　　Primary duties will include general repair， maintenance and stores management of the electrical workshops.The successful candidate will be required to offer educational certificates and must have good organizational and interpersonal skills.
　　Finance Assistant
　　·City of Bristol
　　·￡18，070 to ￡20，138 per year
　　·Closing date： 20 December
　　Tasks will involve processing purchase orders， preparing pay lists.Overall this post requires a hard-working， highly confidential and diligent team player.In return for your hard work， we have a staff benefits package which includes a health cash plan and membership of the local government pension scheme.
　　Care and Support Workers
　　·Newcastle Emlyn
　　·￡7.50 per hour to ￡10.00 per hour
　　·Closing date： 5 November
　　Some jobs don’t require you to have any previous qualifications or experience — but you’ll definitely need a supportive， caring nature and a genuine desire to help others.
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了四个岗位的用工要求和薪资待遇。
1.According to the text， which job is paid by the hour？（　　）
A.Care and Support Workers.
B.Finance Assistant.
C.Electrical Technician.
D.Clerk to West Midlands.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据 Care and Support Workers部分中的￡7.50 per hour to ￡10.00 per hour可知，护理及支援人员是按小时支付报酬的。
2.Which place is suitable for those who want to hunt for a job in December？（　　）
A.West Midlands Region.
B.Southport， Merseyside.
C.Newcastle Emlyn.
D.City of Bristol.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据Finance Assistant部分中的City of Bristol和Closing date：20 December可知，Bristol市适合那些在12月份寻找工作的人。
3.Where does this text probably come from？（　　）
A.A job brochure.
B.A news report.
C.An education website.
D.A science magazine.
解析：A　文章出处题。通读全文可知，本文介绍了四个岗位的基本信息。由此可知，本文最有可能来自招聘手册。
B
　　The topic “slash youth”， referring to those refusing to be defined or bound by just one personal identity and choosing to undertake multiple careers， has fueled heated debate on social media.On Douban， a Chinese social networking platform， the topic has attracted about 11，000 posts and has been viewed over 400 million times.China’s young people are keen to share their slash youth stories online， presenting themselves as multiple and sometimes distinct identities， such as a nurse and model， a teacher and stand-up comedian， and an engineer and musician.
　　Xing Eryang， a 31-year-old female resident in Beijing， founded the Douban topic in 2021.While staying diligent about her daytime work， she is developing her hobbies， including stand-up comedy and vlogging， into secondary careers during her spare time.And she is amazed to find her “slash life” philosophy followed by so many of her peers.
　　Weiheng， a 26-year-old woman in Guangzhou， and Tang Yuhan， a 27-year-old man in Xuancheng City， Anhui Province， are both participants in the topic， with their stories earning thousands of likes so far.The two are both musicians in their spare time， even though they are thousands of miles apart and have different jobs in media and finance.Their passion for music has grown since college and they didn’t abandon their enthusiasm， even after entering the workplace.
　　Others’ reaction showed the gap between the young and former generations.“My parents used to say，‘music cannot earn you money，’ so the band thing was regarded as a waste of time.However， we want to pursue whatever we love and are willing to pay for it，” says Weiheng.
　　“The ‘slash life’ mania （狂热） shows that， along with China’s economic development， our society is becoming more and more diversified and inclusive， and it welcomes everyone’s self-fulfillment，” says Shi Yanrong， an associate researcher from Tianjin Academy of Social Sciences.“Young people no longer have to rely on work and money for their sense of self-worth.They tend to practice a carpe diem （活在当下） philosophy and create their own identities.”
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了近年来在中国的年轻人中兴起的“斜杠生活”。
4.What are “slash youth” more likely to do？（　　）
A.Create a topic on Douban.
B.Take diverse occupations.
C.Become a stand-up comedian.
D.Share their own stories online.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据文章首句可知，“斜杠青年”更可能从事多种职业。
5.What did Weiheng and Tang Yuhan do to pursue their musical career？（　　）
A.They sent their stories online to gain more funds.
B.They shared similar interests in both their hobbies and jobs.
C.They never lost passion for music even if they had to quit college.
D.They stuck with their dream despite the older generation’s opinion.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，二人都不顾老一辈人的反对，坚持自己的音乐梦想。
6.What is the purpose of the last paragraph？ （　　）
A.To provide career guidance.
B.To analyze a cultural difference.
C.To conclude from the phenomenon.
D.To share a unique life experience.
解析：C　目的意图题。文章最后一段分析了“斜杠生活”兴起背后的经济和社会原因。由此可推知，最后一段的目的是从现象中得出结论。
7.What is the main idea of the text？（　　）
A.Xing Eryang founded the Douban topic “slash life”.
B.Young people prefer “slash life” to their real lives.
C.China’s economy develops fast due to “slash life”.
D.“Slash life” trend allows workers to chase their dreams.
解析：D　主旨大意题。通读全文尤其是最后一段的总结升华可知，文章主要介绍了中国的年轻人所追求的“斜杠生活”，这种趋势让职场人仍可以追逐他们的梦想。
C
　　（2024·江苏淮安高二期中）You have everything you think you need for your dream job， but could something else be holding you back？ You possess hard skills for the job， but you may lack soft skills.
　　Hard skills are things that are measurable and technical.A master’s degree in business is a hard skill.The ability to speak Spanish is a hard skill.Many specific qualifications for a job are hard skills， such as years of work experience or proficiency （精通） with particular computer programs.
　　On the other hand， soft skills are harder to define.And they can’t be defined.And they can’t be measured.Soft skills cover a wide range of characteristics that you can work on for a lifetime but some of the most common and most necessary for success include being a good listener and speaker， a wise leader， a problem solver， a strong communicator or a team player.It’s also helpful if you can accept feedback， handle conflicts with others， deal with difficult people or be flexible.These soft skills are what many employers desire.
　　 Soft skills benefit you in many ways.Being a good listener， for example， is very helpful if you’re a doctor.Being flexible， a team player and a problem solver helps you succeed when dealing with deadlines.
　　Soft skills are something extra that help a particular person to succeed.Being able to show you possess them could make a difference in landing a job you’ll love， or being more successful in the job you already have.They make the difference between someone who is just OK at their job and someone who is outstanding， the person you always want on your team.Generally speaking， soft skills make you more likable and more competent.
　　Soft skills are what can set people apart from each other on resumes or in job interviews， but soft skills don’t come naturally.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章阐述了“软技能”对于事业成功的重要性。
8.Which of the following belongs to hard skills？（　　）
A.Having a good command of English.
B.Communicating with others efficiently.
C.Being good at expressing oneself.
D.Being able to solve problems.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第二段第三句可推知，精通英语属于“硬技能”。
9.Which of the following is TRUE about soft skills？（　　）
A.They are measurable and technical.
B.They are taught in many universities.
C.They are desired by many employers.
D.They are specific job qualifications.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句可知，很多雇主很渴望这些“软技能”。
10.What’s the best title for the passage？（　　）
A.Hard Skills Differ from Soft Skills
B.Soft Skills Can Be Learnt at School
C.Soft Skills Are Needed in Workplace
D.Soft Skills Matter to Your Success at Work
解析：D　标题归纳题。根据第一段第二句、第三段最后一句、第四段第一句和第五段第一、二句可知，本文主要讲述“软技能”对你的职场成功发挥着重要作用。故D项为文章最佳标题。
11.What will be probably talked about following the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Why soft skills are important.
B.How soft skills are developed.
C.Where soft skills are applied.
D.What the key soft skills are.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的but soft skills don’t come naturally可知，“软技能”并不是天生的，是需要培养的。由此可知，接下来作者可能会讲到如何培养“软技能”。
D
　　Catherine Gallo， 20， couldn’t believe it when a fellow student at Hofstra University told her she had gotten a stylish jacket for free from a new on-campus shop in Hempstead.
　　Gallo and her friend got their clothes from Hofstra’s Career Closet shop， which makes donated new and gently used professional clothing available free for its students， who can “shop” by appointment for clothing for job interviews and career fairs.Operated by the Center for Career Design and Development， the Career Closet is in the Campus Living and Wellness Center.So far， it has provided more than 1，500 students with items for their own closets.
　　Career Closets aim to address the need for students on limited budgets to have professional clothing， and they’re springing up at colleges nationwide including University of Washington and Boston College.Fashions such as suits， ties， shoes， handbags and more are raised from Hofstra employees and the Center for Career Design and Development’s corporate partners， including accounting and consulting firms such as Baker Tilly and Crowe.
　　“It’s a great way to build up my closet，” says Margaret Sykes， 19， a new college student from University of Massachusetts majoring in film-making.“I’m glad Hofstra is providing this service because clothing is expensive now and a lot of people don’t have money to get business clothing.” She adds，“I have mostly jeans and T-shirts， so I got a few business suits.I need something that looks professional when I go out on a shoot to interview an important figure such as the president of Hofstra University.”
　　Career center director Michelle Kyriakides says the shop’s concept is something she had in mind for many years as a “personal goal”， even before she heard of it becoming a trend at other schools.“So much of an employer’s decision about career readiness depends on how the applicants present themselves， so we want to help our students feel confident，” Kyriakides says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。
12.Which of the following can replace the underlined word “stylish” in the first paragraph？（　　）
A.elegant　　 B.typical
C.precious　　 D.creative
解析：A　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句可知，“职业衣橱”主要提供的是职业装；根据常识可知，职业装一般是优雅的时装。因此stylish意为“高雅的”，和elegant意思相近。
13.What’s the purpose of Career Closets？（　　）
A.To raise money for poor students.
B.To provide students with part-time jobs.
C.To meet students’ needs for fashionable clothes.
D.To help students with limited money get business suits.
解析：D　目的意图题。根据第三段中的Career Closets aim to address the need for students on limited budgets to have professional clothing可知，“职业衣橱”的目的是帮助资金有限的学生获得商务套装。
14.What’s Margaret Sykes’ attitude towards Career Closets？（　　）
A.Unclear.　　 B.Supportive.
C.Concerned.　　 D.Passive.
解析：B　观点态度题。根据倒数第二段内容可知，Margaret Sykes对“职业衣橱”的态度是支持的。
15.What is the best title for the text？（　　）
A.A Shopping Center in Hempstead
B.Campus Life at Hofstra University
C.Career Closets， New On-campus Stores
D.A Center for Career Design and Development
解析：C　标题归纳题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了校园商店“职业衣橱”给学生带来的好处。故C项为文章最佳标题。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When it comes to hobbies and careers， all of us have our own stories.As a little girl， my favourite thing to do was reading — the same as today.So I figured I’d be a librarian when I grew up.16.（　　） The library had a two-book limit， but she knew I’d blow through those in just a few days， so she always let me check out a big stack.
　　Time passed quickly and I was in fourth grade.Our school librarian， Mrs Ketelsen， sent some poems I’d written about dinosaurs to the Highlights magazine.17.（　　）
　　At university， though majoring in journalism， I quickly learnt that I did not want to be a newspaper reporter.18.（　　） It amuses almost everyone who knows me and thinks I’m outgoing.（I am， but only with people I know！） So I was thrilled when I was selected for a summer internship at Reader’s Digest.
　　Ten years after that， I came back to Reader’s Digest to work as an editor.19.（　　） I’ve worked at other magazines too， but I’ve spent most of my career here， reading magazines， newspapers， websites， and books for stories we could condense （简缩）， writing articles and even choosing jokes.
　　20.（　　） “The Tractor War” takes me home to the Midwest.“Something to Sneeze At” reminds me of all the sneezing I did when I moved to New York City and was suddenly allergic to grasses and trees ...I relate to lots of our stories this month， and I hope you do too.Enjoy！
A.It was a long road home.
B.I lost my interest in it soon.
C.My first published writing！
D.I’m shy about interviewing people.
E.My dream of becoming a librarian encouraged me.
F.The stories in this issue seem to introduce myself to you.
G.Our town librarian， Mrs T nne， was really important to me becoming me now.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者选择职业的过程。
16.G　空后一句提到了一个知道作者阅读习惯的人。故G项（我们镇上的图书管理员，特内夫人，对我成为现在的我真的很重要）符合语境。G项中的Mrs T nne对应空后的she。
17.C　空前一句提到学校的图书管理员把作者的诗寄给了杂志（社），由此可知，本句是在说明结果：作者第一次出版了作品。故C项（我第一次出版的作品！）符合语境。
18.D　空后一句提到作者只有和认识的人在一起才很外向，由此可知，作者害怕采访他人。故D项（我害怕采访别人）符合语境。
19.A　根据空前一句可知，作者十年后再次回到了曾经实习过的《读者文摘》（杂志社）做编辑，由此可推知，A项（回家的路很长）符合语境。
20.F　下文列举的故事让作者想起了自己的经历，故F项（这一期中的故事似乎将我自己介绍给了你们）符合语境。
Ⅲ.应用文写作
　　假定你是李华。你的英国朋友Eric发来邮件，提到他对未来的职业规划感到很迷茫。请你给他回一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.表示理解；
　　2.提出建议。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Eric，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Eric，
　　I totally understand what you’re going through since I felt the same last year.In my opinion， career confusion is natural and can even be good.It pushes us to think about our options， explore opportunities， and eventually reach a well-thought-out decision.
　　My anxiety has been reduced after I sought career guidance from professionals， which can also help you.Besides， bear in mind that hobbies matter.You can turn your favourite activities into a career and transfer your skills.
　　I hope my advice can be helpful.Please keep me updated.
Yours，
Li Hua
11 / 12Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Work to live， live to work
　　[1]If you were asked the question， “Do you work to live or live to work？”， what would your answer be？Some might say that we work because we have to， not least① because we need the salary②that enables us to be financially independent③.[2]It is certainly true that most of us do join the labour④ force once our studies are completed.Indeed， it could be argued that our education is geared⑤ towards preparing us for a life of work.[3]However， earning a living⑥ is by no means⑦ the only reason why we work — there are other important reasons that motivate us to enter the world of work.
　　[1]本句使用了虚拟语气在非真实条件句中的用法。if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与现在事实相反，从句谓语的形式用过去式（were asked），主句谓语的形式用“would/could/should/might＋动词原形”。
　　[2]句中It作形式主语，that引导的主语从句作真正的主语；do用来强调谓语动词join；once引导条件状语从句。
　　[3]动词-ing短语earning a living作主语；why引导定语从句，修饰先行词reason；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词reasons。
　　Through the work we do， our goals can be attained⑧and our dreams achieved.All of us have had dreams of one kind or another and work often enables us to pursue those dreams.Henry David Thoreau said， “...if one advances confidently in the direction of his dreams， and endeavors⑨ to live the life which he has imagined， he will meet with a success unexpected in common hours.”[4]Yang Liwei， for example， driven by his passion⑩ for flying， became a pilot and then China’s first astronaut in space. [5]Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be， work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
　　[4]过去分词短语driven by his passion for flying作原因状语。
　　[5]本句整体上是一个and连接的并列句。前一个分句中， Wherever和whatever均引导让步状语从句；动词不定式短语to be engaged in something we are fond of作后置定语，修饰the opportunity；省略关系词that的定语从句we are fond of修饰先行词something。
[6]Work can also help develop our skills， thus providing room for personal growth.[7]When we work， we must practise our skills constantly and continuously until we excel in what we do.[8] Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills.Twenty years ago， positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist， and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now.However， it is certain that no one can afford to be satisfied with the status quo .In order to better adapt ourselves to new circumstances， we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills.[9]This can add to our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our chosen career path.
　　[6]动词-ing短语providing room ...作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
　　[7]When引导时间状语从句；until引导时间状语从句；what引导宾语从句，作介词in的宾语。
　　[8]句中it作形式宾语，动词不定式短语to keep up and develop new skills作真正的宾语。
　　[9]that引导同位语从句，解释说明knowledge的具体内容，其中包含while引导的时间状语从句。
　　[10]Not only does work benefit us personally， it also contributes to the health of society.At the most basic level， different types of jobs are like gears in a machine.[11]They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly.In a successful， stable and productive society， all jobs are equally important and no one is superior to another， so we should not have prejudice against any of them.[12]Whether we are scientists， lawyers ， doctors， public servants ， consultants ， clerks ， receptionists or butchers， we all make our respective contributions.Moreover， there are people who choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others.For example， teachers in remote rural areas are devoted to changing the lives of the people with less access to the advantages enjoyed by many others.In this way， we work to advance our communities and bring success to our nation.
　　[10]本句为not only ...（but） also ...连接的并列句。not only置于句首时，其所在的分句使用部分倒装。
　　[11]动词不定式短语to ensure ...作目的状语；其中that引导宾语从句，作动词ensure的宾语。
　　[12]whether ...or ...“无论……还是……”，引导让步状语从句。
　　[13]Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us， something worth remembering is that our work， when done well， will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.[14]We can take pride in the knowledge that hard work is essential for our individual well-being as well as for the benefit of our society as a whole .
　　[13]该句结构较复杂，Wherever ...and whatever ...是两个让步状语从句，主句的主语是something， worth remembering充当其后置定语，系动词is后面是由that引导的表语从句。在表语从句中，主干结构是our work will not only ...but also ...，其中插入when done well这一时间状语从句，而when后省略了our work is。
　　[14]that引导的同位语从句，解释说明名词knowledge的具体内容。
【读文清障】
①not least 尤其，特别
last but not least最后但同样重要的
②salary n.薪金，薪水
③financially independent 经济独立
④labour n.劳工；劳动，（尤指）体力劳动；分娩期，分娩 vi.努力做；干苦力活
labour force （全公司或全国的）劳动力
⑤gear vt.使适合于
n.排挡，齿轮，传动装置
⑥earn a living 谋生
⑦by no means 决不，一点儿也不
⑧attain vt.获得；达到
⑨endeavour （AmE endeavor） vi.努力，尽力n.努力，尝试
⑩passion n.酷爱；强烈情感
be engaged in 从事于；忙于
fond adj.喜爱
be fond of 喜爱
a sense of 一种……的感觉
excel vi.擅长，善于
anticipate vt.预料；预计
emerge vi.& vt.出现，浮现，暴露
be satisfied with对……感到满意，满足于……
status quo 现状，原来的状况
adapt oneself to 使自己适应……
contribute to 促进；对……作出贡献
superior adj.更好的，占优势的n.级别（或地位、职位）更高的人
be superior to 优越于
prejudice n.偏见，成见
have prejudice against对……有偏见
lawyer n.律师
servant n.雇员，职员；仆人
public servant 公务员，公仆
consultant n.顾问；会诊医师
clerk n.职员，簿记员，文书
receptionist n.接待员
respective adj.分别的，各自的
zone n.地区；区域
comfort zone 舒适区，放松区
commit oneself to （doing） sth 专心致志于；承诺/保证（做）某事
be devoted to 致力于；献身于
lay out （整齐地）铺开，展开；策划，布置，设计
take pride in 为……自豪，为……骄傲
as a whole 整体而言，总体上
【参考译文】
为了活着而工作，还是为了工作而活着
　　如果有人问你这个问题：“你是为了活着而工作，还是为了工作而活着？”你会怎么回答呢？有人可能会说，我们工作是因为我们必须工作，尤其是因为我们需要薪水来实现经济独立。当然，大多数人确实是学业一结束就进入职场了。的确可以说，我们的教育就是在为自己一生的职业生涯做准备。不过，谋生绝非我们工作的唯一原因——还有其他重要的原因在推动我们走向工作岗位。
　　通过我们所做的工作，我们的目标可以达成，我们的梦想也可以实现。我们所有人都曾心怀这样或那样的梦想，而工作常常能让我们追寻那些梦想。亨利·戴维·梭罗曾说过：“……一个人若自信地朝他梦想的方向行进，努力过他设想的那种生活，那么他就会在平常的时刻与成功不期而遇。”例如杨利伟，他怀着对飞翔的酷爱当上了飞行员，然后成为中国第一位飞向太空的宇航员。不论我们有什么爱好，选择了什么职业，工作都能让我们有机会从事自己喜欢的事情，因而让我们获得极大的成就感和满足感。
　　工作也能帮助我们提升技能，从而拓展我们的个人成长空间。在工作中，我们需要持续不断地磨练技术，直至能出色完成所做的工作。瞬息万变的职场也让我们必须与时俱进，发展新技能。二十年前，社交技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在，而且也难以预测二十年后将会出现的新职位。然而，可以肯定的是，没有人能够承担得起满足于现状的后果。为了让自己更好地适应新环境，我们必须随时准备并愿意去掌握新技能。这能够增强我们的成就感，并且让我们明白在沿着自己选定的职业道路前进时，我们作为个体正在发展着。
　　工作不仅在个人层面上对我们有益，还能促进社会的健康发展。从最基本的层面来看，各种各样的职业就像一台机器里的一个个零件。它们的运转保障着我们称之为“社会”的这部机器正常运行。在一个成功、稳定而有成效的社会里，所有的工作都同等重要，没有哪一份工作优于别的工作，因此我们对任何工作都不应该抱有偏
见。无论我们是科学家、律师、医生、公务员，还是顾问、公司职员、接待员或肉贩，大家都各有一份贡献。而且，有的人选择走出自己的舒适区，投身为他人谋福利的事业中。比如，偏远乡村地区的教师们致力于改变一些人的命运，这些人没有那么多条件享受许多其他人所能享受的福利。通过这种方式，我们就是在为推动我们的社会进步和民族振兴而工作。
　　无论生活把我们带到哪里，无论摆在我们面前的选择是什么，值得记住的是，当我们的工作做得好时，它不仅会帮助我们谋生，还会帮助自己和他人创造生活。我们应该自豪地意识到辛勤工作对个人和整个社会的福祉都至关重要。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.How does the author introduce the topic？ （　　）
A.By asking questions.
B.By stating some facts.
C.By listing examples.
D.By giving explanations.
2. Why does the author quote what Henry David Thoreau said？（　　）
A.To attract the readers.
B.To make his writing more interesting.
C.To make his argument more convincing.
D.To show that great minds think alike.
3.Why should we keep up and develop new skills in the workplace？（　　）
A.Because the status quo is unsatisfying.
B.Because positions are continuously changing.
C.Because we are willing to acquire new skills.
D.Because the knowledge we have is enough.
4.What makes it necessary for us to learn new skills？（　　）
A.Growing old.
B.One’s passion to be creative.
C.Pressure from labor market.
D.Rapidly changing workplace.
5.Why do some people step out of their comfort zone？（　　）
A.To challenge others for the benefit of nation.
B.To live a free life in remote rural areas.
C.To devote themselves to serving others.
D.To enjoy the advantages of the communities.
答案：1－5　ACBDC
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）以-ship结尾的合成名词
①leadership 领导应有的品质；领导地位
②scholarship 奖学金
③membership 会员资格
④hardship 艰难，困苦
⑤ownership 所有（权），所有制
⑥championship 锦标赛；冠军地位
⑦friendship 友谊
（2）以-ist结尾的后缀名词
①receptionist 接待员
②artist 艺术家；（尤指）画家
③socialist 社会主义者
④communist 共产主义者
⑤physicist 物理学家
⑥scientist 科学家
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
明喻是常用as或like等词将具有某种共同特征的两种不同事物联系起来的一种修辞手法。使用明喻可使事物描绘得更加生动形象，引发读者的联想和想象，给人以鲜明深刻的印象，使语言富有很强的感染力，还可以使深刻的、抽象的道理浅显、具体地表达出来。
请从课文中找出使用明喻的句子。
　At the most basic level， different types of jobs are like gears in a machine.They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly.　
仿写：①太阳像火一样炙烤着地球。（like）
　The Sun is burning the Earth like fire.　
②我伸手去摸她的脸，她的脸像冰一样冷。（as ...as ...）
　I reached out to touch her face， which was as cold as the ice.　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
be fond of 喜爱；喜欢
【教材原句】　Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be， work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction. 不论我们有什么爱好，选择了什么职业，工作都能让我们有机会从事自己喜欢的事情，因而让我们获得极大的成就感和满足感。
【用法】
（1）fond adj.　　喜爱 be fond of （doing） sth　　喜爱（做）某事 be fond of sb　　喜爱某人 （2）fondness n.　　爱好；溺爱 fondly adv.　　天真地；慈爱地；温情地 （3）take to喜欢，爱上；养成……的习惯（to为介词） fall in love with　　爱上，喜欢上 be keen on （doing） sth/to do sth　　喜爱，热衷于（做）某事
【佳句】　Mrs Brown was fond of her daughter， though she often annoyed her.
布朗太太喜欢她的女儿，虽然她经常使她心烦。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①We were fond 　of　 the house and didn’t want to leave.
②She smiled 　fondly　 （fond） at her brother.
③As soon as I got there， I fell in love 　with　 the beautiful city.
④He has always been very keen 　on　 doing physical exercises.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤　I’ve always been fond of poetry and one piece has always stuck in my mind. （fond）
我一直喜欢诗歌，有一首诗一直被我铭记于心。
anticipate vt.预料；预计
【教材原句】　Twenty years ago， positions in social technologies or energy efficiency did not even exist， and it is difficult to anticipate the new positions which will emerge twenty years from now.
二十年前，社交技术或能源效率方面的职位甚至还不存在，而且也难以预料二十年后将会出现的新职位。
【用法】
（1）anticipate doing sth 预料做某事；期盼做某事 anticipate changes/developments　　预料变化/发展 it is anticipated that ... 据预测…… （2）anticipation n.　　预料，预期；期盼，期望 in anticipation of ...　　期待着……；预料到…… happy/eager/excited anticipation 愉快的/殷切的/激动的期盼
【佳句】　The organizers hadn’t anticipated the huge interest there was in the event.组织者没有预料到这一活动会引起人们这么大的兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I am anticipating 　receiving　 （receive） several important letters but nothing has arrived.
②We await the next volume of this superb edition with keen 　anticipation　 （anticipate）.
③He bought extra food 　in　 anticipation of more people coming than he’d invited.
【写美】　句式升级
④We anticipate that he will resign as manager of the company to make room for the young.
→　It is anticipated that he will resign as manager of the company to make room for the young.
operate vt.操作，使运行vi.运转，工作；经营，营业
【教材原句】　Currently， a heavy focus is put on training in “hard skills”， such as machine operating and software programming. 目前，重点是对“硬技能”的培训，如机器操作和软件编程。
【用法】
（1）operate on sb　给某人做手术 operate the computers　　操作电脑 operate a restaurant/company 经营餐馆/公司 （2）operation n.　　手术；操作；行动，活动 in operation　　工作中；使用中，有效 put ...into operation 　　实施；使……运转；启用 come/go into operation　　开始工作，开始生效 （3）operator n. 操作人员；经营者；接线员
【佳句】　It takes a doctor much patience and courage to operate on a patient.
医生给病人做手术需要相当的耐心和勇气。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The patient was in great danger， so the doctors operated 　on　 him without delay.
②The task of the 　operator　 （operate） is to carry out routine maintenance of the machine.
③The famous doctor is going to perform the 　operation　 （operate）， so please keep calm.
【写美】　完成句子
④It is anticipated that the new plant will 　come/go into operation in May this year　.
预计新工厂将于今年5月投入运营。
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
passion n.酷爱；强烈情感
【教材原句】　Yang Liwei， for example， driven by his passion for flying， became a pilot and then China’s first astronaut in space. 例如杨利伟，他怀着对飞翔的酷爱当上了飞行员，然后成为中国第一位飞向太空的宇航员。
【用法】
（1）passion for sth　　　　对……的强烈爱好 have a passion for　　酷爱…… with passion　　充满激情地 convey one’s passion　　表达某人的热情 （2）passionate adj.　　感情强烈的；多情的 be passionate about　　对……充满热情
【佳句】　I’m glad that you have great passion to know about traditional Chinese festivals.
我很高兴你对中国的传统节日非常感兴趣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The chemist says she always has a passion 　for　 science.
②He spoke 　with　 great passion about the importance of art and literature.
③She was 　passionate　 （passion） about flying.
【写美】　完成句子
④One should always 　be full of passion　 in his life no matter how old he is.
无论多大年龄，人应该总是在生活中充满激情。
Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
【教材原句】　Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be， work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction. 不论我们有什么爱好，选择了什么职业，工作都能让我们有机会从事自己喜欢的事情，因而让我们获得极大的成就感和满足感。
【用法】
句中wherever和whatever引导两个并列的让步状语从句，意为“无论哪里，无论什么”，分别相当于no matter where和no matter what。 引导让步状语从句 （2）whatever、 whichever、 who（m）ever既可以引导让步状语从句，又可以引导名词性从句。 （3）no matter what、 no matter which、 no matter who（m）只能引导让步状语从句。 （4）whatever、 whichever、 who（m）ever引导名词性从句时，不能转换为“no matter＋疑问词”。
【品悟】　It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants.
给孩子想要的任何东西通常被认为是不明智的。
【写美】　完成句子/句型转换
①You have the right to say “No” 　whoever/no matter who you are talking to　.
无论你和谁谈话，你都有说“不”的权利。
②Whatever you say， I’ll never change my mind.
→　No matter what you say　， I’ll never change my mind.
③Whichever road you take， it will lead you to the station.
→　No matter which road you take　， it will lead you to the station.
④No matter when I’m in trouble， my father is always there for me.
→　Whenever I’m in trouble　， my father is always there for me.
句型公式：“及物动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构
【教材原句】　Our rapidly changing workplace makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills.
瞬息万变的职场也让我们必须与时俱进，发展新技能。
【用法】
（1）make＋it＋形容词/名词（＋for sb）＋to do sth make＋it＋形容词/名词＋that从句 make＋it＋no good/no use/no value＋doing sth （2）常用于以上结构的动词还有believe、feel、think、consider、find等。 （3）宾语补足语可以是形容词，也可以是名词。 （4）真正的宾语可以是动词不定式短语、动词-ing形式或从句。
【品悟】　She has made it a rule to go out for a walk after supper.她养成了晚饭后出去散步的习惯。
【写美】　完成句子
①I think 　it no good reading in bed　， which does great harm to our eyes.
我认为在床上看书没有好处，这对我们的眼睛有很大的伤害。
②I 　feel it pleasant to work　 with you.
我觉得与你共事是件令人愉快的事。
③Nowadays convenient transport 　makes it possible for us to travel around the world　 in a short time.
现在，便利的交通使得我们在短时间内环游世界成为可能。
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.Our manager entered the company in 2022， on a salary　 of $22，000 a year.
2.Most of our students attained　 five “A” grades in their exams.
3.Earlier this summer， 9 employees were hired　 to guard the doors of the company.
4.Her passion　 for dancing has never decreased over the years.
5.Inside these zones　， traffic speeds are restricted to 20 mph.
6.Like any other public servants　， police must respond to public demand.
7.What amazed us was that the manager fired the 　clerk　 （职员） who argued with a customer.
8.After 2 hours of hard 　labour　 （劳动）， we finally harvested all the wheat.
9.She pushed many people away by her critical， biting comments and narrow 　prejudice（s）　 （偏见）.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.The manager asked the 　receptionist　 （receive） to put her through to president’s office.
2.It is important for you to be 　financially　 （financial） independent of your parents.
3.In spite of the bad weather， they managed to ensure the safe 　operation　 （operate） of the new machine.
4.We must ensure that we do not set ourselves goals that are not 　attainable　 （attain）.
5.Of all the 　consultants　 （consult）， only Mr Wang gave us some practical proposal.
6.This is the toughest test of his 　leadership　 （leader）he has faced so far.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.你认为人工智能会优于人类智慧吗？（be superior to）
Do you think 　artificial intelligence will be superior to human intelligence　？
2.无论你去往何方，好运都将一路相随。（疑问词＋-ever）
　Wherever you go　， good luck will be always with you.
3.掌握良好的计算机技能使更多人有可能在家工作。（make＋it＋adj.＋for sb＋to do sth）
Having a good command of computer skills has 　made it possible for more people to work at home　.
4.他不仅能说英语而且能说法语。 （not only置于句首引起部分倒装）
　Not only can he speak English　 but also French.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Through the work we do， our goals can 1.　be attained　 （attain） and our dreams achieved. Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be， work allows us the opportunity 2.　to be　 （be） engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of 3.　achievement　 （achieve） and satisfaction. Work can also help develop our skills， thus 4.　providing　 （provide） room for personal growth. In order to better adapt ourselves to new 5.　circumstances　 （circumstance）， we must be ready and willing to acquire new skills.This can add 6.　to　 our sense of achievement and our knowledge that we are developing as individuals while we move along our 7.　chosen　 （choose） career path. Not only does work benefit us 8.　personally　 （personal）， it also contributes to the health of society. At the most basic level， different types of jobs are like gears in a machine. Moreover， there are people 9.　who　 choose to step out of their comfort zone and commit themselves to working for the benefit of others.
　　Wherever life takes us and whatever choices are laid out before us， something worth remembering is 10.　that　 our work， when done well， will not only help us make a living but also help make a life for ourselves and for others.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Susan had worked for the same company for a long time.She was smart， worked hard and was good at mentoring （指导） others to help them develop their skills and careers.Then， she was unexpectedly restructured into a different job.Susan reached out to me a few weeks into her new role as she wrestled with the change.She was worried that she wasn’t learning the new skills needed fast enough and that she was letting her team down， to the point where she feared her role could be at risk.
　　Given Susan’s fears， we decided we needed to start big and tackle her fear head-on with new exposure opportunities.So we set Susan a huge challenge to deliberately （故意地） step out of her comfort zone and embrace a beginner’s mindset.This meant finding new hobbies outside of work that she wasn’t confident she would be able to master and stick with.
　　Susan took up sewing.She was a novice （新手） and had to watch plenty of videos online to figure out how to do anything.Taking on a beginner’s mindset helped her to enjoy what it feels like to learn， rather than fall into frustration （受挫）.She also practised how it feels to accept mistakes.It hasn’t been a smooth path — Susan recalled with humour the times that she wanted to throw a tantrum as it all felt too hard.To her credit though， she continues to sew.
　　My next experiment was to see how she might take this mindset into her new role.For this， I coached Susan to let her colleagues know she was feeling anxious about her performance and ask for feedback.Collecting quality feedback from her colleagues helped Susan to take baby steps and progress， while easing her fears of losing her job any time soon.
　　At our last conversation， Susan described herself as a beginner’s mind “novice”； learning still isn’t comfortable for her but it is helping her understand that she can take a different approach.Most importantly， she’s more open than ever towards trying new things.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了对新工作不安的苏珊克服负面情绪的故事。
1.What happened to Susan when she contacted the author？（　　）
A.She entered a new company.
B.She worked hard to adapt to her new job.
C.There was a tension between her and her team.
D.There would be a structural change in her company.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的Susan reached out to ...wrestled with the change.可知，苏珊在从事新工作几周后联系了作者，她在努力应对这一变化。由此可知，苏珊在努力适应她的新工作。
2.What did the author and Susan decide to do in response to Susan’s issue？（　　）
A.Relieve her work stress.
B.Change priorities in her life.
C.Introduce her to new things.
D.Improve her work efficiency.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段第一句可知，考虑到苏珊担心的事情，她们决定需要从大处着手，借助让她接触新事物的机会，直接解决她的恐惧。
3.What does the underlined part “throw a tantrum” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean？（　　）
A.Work out details.　　 B.Ask for feedback.
C.Raise questions.　　 D.Get angry.
解析：D　词义猜测题。根据第三段中的It hasn’t been a smooth path ...she continues to sew.可知，苏珊学习缝纫的过程并不顺利。根据it all felt too hard和选项可知，苏珊因为缝纫太难而想“发怒”，即画线部分意为“发怒，发脾气”。
4.Which of the following was Susan’s change after the author’s “next experiment”？（　　）
A.She became faster at learning new skills.
B.She became less worried about losing her job.
C.She became more unwilling to take on challenges.
D.She became skilled at practising her beginner’s mind.
解析：B　细节理解题。通读第四段可知，通过收集来自苏珊同事的高质量反馈，苏珊取得了小小的进步，这样也减少了她对短期内丢掉工作的忧虑。由此可知，经此之后，苏珊没有那么担心丢掉工作了。
B
　　Wind energy provided 7％ of the total electricity in the United States in 2019.Since 2008， the use of coal-fired power plants has declined， as the use of renewable energy and natural gas has increased.Wind energy is an excellent way to reduce carbon emissions， but what happens when the wind turbine blades （涡轮机叶片） wear out？ Is there a waste management issue？
　　The design life of wind turbines is about 20 to 25 years.The longest wind turbine blade to date is 350 feet， almost the length of a football field.Although certain parts of wind turbines can be relatively easily recycled， others are not designed for recyclability.In particular， wind turbine blades present the biggest waste management challenge.Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills.However， researchers from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory （NREL） are making progress in this area.
　　They developed a blade out of thermoplastic resin （热塑性树脂） that is low-cost， lightweight， and seems to be recyclable.If the new blade also proves to be strong， this could be a game changer for the offshore and onshore wind industry.Lower costs could also help improve wind energy efficiency， reducing the use of fossil fuels.A lightweight blade is easier to transport and uses less fuel.It also seems easier to recycle and uses less energy in the production process.“With the traditional material， it’s almost like when you fry an egg.It’s finished and you can’t undo that，” said Derek Berry， a senior engineer at NREL.“But with a thermoplastic resin system， you can make a blade out of it.You heat it to a certain temperature， and it melts back down.You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that.”
　　Although the research looks promising， progress will be slow.Most wind farms being constructed today will stop working in a few decades.The benefits of recyclable blades are still decades away at best.The associated environmental impact has largely been a blind spot for the industry.Hopefully， recent progress will help make wind power even greener.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。风力发电对环境有益，但目前许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，对环境造成一定危害。如何解决这一难题？研究人员带来了好消息。
5.What is one disadvantage of the current wind turbine blade？（　　）
A.Its vast size.
B.Its short life.
C.Its negative impact on the environment.
D.Its inefficiency in producing electricity.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段中的Many spent turbine blades are piling up in landfills.可知，许多风力涡轮机的叶片使用完后都被填埋了，不能循环利用。由此可知，对环境的负面影响是它的一个弊端。本句中的spent意为“用过的，失去效力的”。
6.What do Derek’s words mainly show？（　　）
A.Why thermoplastic resin is strong.
B.How thermoplastic resin is recycled.
C.The popularity of thermoplastic resin.
D.The production process of thermoplastic resin.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第三段中的you can make a blade out of it.You heat it to a certain temperature， and it melts back down.You can get the liquid resin back and reuse that可知，Derek的话主要说明了热塑性树脂是如何被循环利用的。
7.What is the author’s attitude to the future of wind energy？（　　）
A.Contradictory.　　 B.Carefree.
C.Doubtful.　　 D.Optimistic.
解析：D　观点态度题。根据文章结尾Hopefully， recent progress will help make wind power even greener.可推知，作者对风能的未来持乐观态度。
8.What is the text mainly about？（　　）
A.A new way to develop turbine blades.
B.A fresh approach to using wind power.
C.An unknown renewable energy source.
D.The urge to tear down old turbine blades.
解析：A　主旨大意题。文章首先介绍了美国的风力能源使用情况，接着向读者抛出了一个问题：风力涡轮机的叶片是否存在垃圾处理问题？第二段最后一句引出了本文的主要内容；再根据第三段首句可知，本文主要介绍了一个制作环保的涡轮机叶片的新方法，旨在解决目前的难题。
C
　　There are as many kinds of careers as there are people. They vary greatly in the types of work involved and in the ways they influence a person’s life.The kind of career you have can affect your life in many ways.By making wise decisions concerning your career， you can help yourself build the life you want.To do that， you need as much information as possible.The more you know about yourself， the better you will be able to choose a satisfying career.
　　What do people hope to obtain from a career？ Some people desire a high income.Some hope for fame.Others seek for adventure.Still， others intend to serve people and make the world a better place.Before you begin to explore career fields， you should determine your values， your interests， and your aptitudes that will make you competent in your future work.Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.Each person has many values， which vary in strength.For example， money is of the greatest value for some people — that is， wealth is more important to them than anything else.As a result， they focus their thoughts， behaviour， and emotions on the goal of earning a high income.Other values include devoting themselves to religion， taking risks， spending time with family， and helping others.
　　Before making a career decision， you can ask yourself what is the most important to you and examine your belief to better know your values.For example， is it important for you to work as a member of a team？ Or would you rather be in charge or work alone？ If working alone or being in charge is important to you， independence is probably one of your primary values.
语篇解读：本文是一篇议论文。职业对我们的影响很大。在开始探索职业领域之前，我们应明确自己的价值观、兴趣和能力。对自己了解得越多，我们就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
9.How can we make a wise career decision？（　　）
A.By learning more about ourselves.
B.By sticking to our belief more firmly.
C.By changing our interests more often.
D.By finding more career opportunities.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，对自己了解得越多，你就越有能力选择一份满意的职业。
10.What does the underlined word “aptitudes” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Experiences.　　 B.Abilities.
C.Feelings.　　 D.Families.
解析：B　词义猜测题。画线词后面that引导的定语从句表明aptitudes是让人们能够胜任今后工作的某些品质；再结合下文中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可知，aptitudes应该与skills意义相近。abilities （能力）和skills意义相近。
11.According to the writer， a satisfying career is the one that 　　　　.（　　）
A.brings huge wealth 　　
B.meets inner demands
C.develops interests and skills　　
D.contributes to forming values
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段中的Most people are happiest with jobs that fit their values， interests， and skills.可推知，在作者看来，能满足人的内在需要的职业才是理想的职业。
12.What does the writer convey to us in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.The contents of our values.　　
B.The foundations of our values.
C.The places to achieve our values.　　
D.The ways to understand our values.
解析：D　段落大意题。根据最后一段第一句及下文所举的例子可知，本段主要介绍了了解自己价值观的方法。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　High school is a great time to start thinking about careers.13.（　　） Follow this simple checklist to view the steps you can take now to work towards long-term career success.
　　Stay on top of your school assignments.
　　14.（　　） Stay on track with schoolwork and plan ahead for deadlines.How you perform in high school lets colleges gauge （判断） what type of student you are and lets employers assess what type of employee you’ll make.Plus， the skills you learn in school will last a lifetime.
　　Think about what kind of job you would like to have some day.
　　Think about what you want to do with your life in the future.Do you like being around lots of people， or are you more of a loner？ Would you like to work in a busy office， or do you prefer the outdoors？ 15.（　　） Having a career that you like and you are good at will be a big part of your future happiness.
　　Get experience.
　　Get an early start on career exploration by trying out an internship （实习工作） or job shadowing opportunity.These types of on-the-job training are great ways to get some “real world” experience in a field that interests you.16.（　　） Ask questions， find out the challenges they face， and learn from their experience.
　　17.（　　）
　　After spending all day in the classroom， you may just be too tired to repeat it all again at home.But parents are a great sounding board （参谋） for your important decisions.They have experience that you don’t.They can help you look at a situation more clearly and provide support as you solve problems.
A.Find out if they are satisfied with their job.
B.Talk to your parents about your future plans.
C.A good career choice “fits” your personality and interests.
D.Now is not the time to let your schoolwork get away from you.
E.You still have time to change course and explore different career paths.
F.Plus， you’ll have the opportunity to meet professionals who do what you hope to do.
G.It’s wise to use this time to explore career opportunities and narrow down your choices.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了高中生为了实现未来职业成功能够采取的措施。
13.G　空前一句说明了高中是开始为职业作出考虑的好时候。空后一句指出：这份清单介绍了你现在可以采取的一些措施，助你实现长期的职业成功。G项（利用这段时间探索职业机会并缩小选择范围是明智的）符合语境，G项中的this time与空前一句中的High school is a great time相呼应。
14.D　空前的小标题指出：完成好你的学业。空后一句说明了要按计划完成学业，对截止日期提前作出规划。D项（现在不是远离学业的时候）符合语境，D项中的schoolwork既与小标题中的school assignments相呼应，又与空后一句中的schoolwork构成原词复现。
15.C　上文说明了你要思考未来想从事什么样的工作。你喜欢和很多人待在一起，还是更喜欢一个人？你喜欢忙碌的办公室工作，还是更喜欢户外工作？C项（一个好的职业选择是“符合”你的个性和兴趣的）符合语境，C项中的personality和interests分别与设空处前的两个问句相呼应。
16.F　上文指出：你可以通过尝试实习工作或见习机会，尽早开始职业探索，这些在职训练能让你亲自接触你感兴趣的领域。下文说明了你可以提出问题，了解他们面临的挑战，并学习他们的经验。F项（此外，你将有机会结识专业人士，他们从事的正是你想做的工作）符合语境，F项中的professionals与空后一句中的they和their相呼应。
17.B　设空处为段落小标题，概括段落的主要内容。下文主要说明了父母能为你的重要决定出谋划策，他们能帮你更清楚地分析情况，在你解决问题时提供支持。B项（和父母谈谈你的未来计划）符合语境，B项中的parents与下文中的parents构成原词复现。
16 / 16单元质量检测（三）　Careers and skills
（满分150分，时间120分钟）
第一部分　听力（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1.When do the speakers plan to get to the sports meet？（　　）
A.At 7：45.　　　B.At 8：00.　　C.At 8：15.
2.What does the woman want from the store？（　　）
A.Cookies.
B.Milk.
C.Peanut butter.
3.What are the speakers talking about？（　　）
A.A CD by Johnny Holden.
B.A present for Molly.
C.A famous musician.
4.Why does the man suggest the Fairmont Hotel？（　　）
A.For its price.
B.For its location.
C.For its size.
5.What is the man doing？（　　）
A.Waiting for a call.
B.Calling his neighbour.
C.Opening a window.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
　　听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。
6.Where is the man’s mother now？（　　）
A.In the hospital.　　B.At home.　　C.At school.
7.Why does the man ask a week off？（　　）
A.To have an operation.
B.To do some cleaning.
C.To look after his mother.
听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。
8.How does Tina look now？（　　）
A.Excited.　　　B.Upset.　　　C.Calm.
9.Why didn’t the woman take part in the competition？（　　）
A.Because she wasn’t feeling well.
B.Because she didn’t feel like going.
C.Because she couldn’t afford the time.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What is the man’s requirement？（　　）
A.Going to the swimming pool.
B.Making a phone call.
C.Changing the room.
11.What is the man’s problem？（　　）
A.He can’t go to sleep.
B.He’s afraid to take the elevator.
C.He has difficulty climbing the stairs.
12.What will the woman do？（　　）
A.Check a room.
B.Tell the doorman to help the man.
C.Send the man’s wife to the hospital.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Why did Tim do a project on “How to Lead a Greener Life”？（　　）
A.To find more information for his science lessons.
B.To do something to help the environment.
C.To get his family interested in the project.
14.How does Tim go to school now？（　　）
A.By car.　　　B.By bus.　　　C.By bike.
15.What advice is Tim going to give his teachers？（　　）
A.Ask students to hand in their homework electronically.
B.Request students to recycle school paper.
C.Make students use both sides of paper.
16.What does Tim think the school cafeteria should do？（　　）
A.Use local produce.
B.Have meatless Mondays.
C.Stop selling bottled drinks.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.What classes can visitors take in Bali according to the speaker？（　　）
A.Diving.　　B.Swimming.　　C.Fishing.
18.Why do some scientists come to Bali？（　　）
A.To study volcanoes.
B.To study the sea creatures.
C.To study traditional artworks.
19.What do most people of Bali do？（　　）
A.Work in tourism.
B.Do agricultural work.
C.Make special clothes.
20.What does the speaker think is good to do during Chinese New Year？（　　）
A.Drink traditional coffee.
B.Do some shopping.
C.Visit ancient Chinese buildings.
答案：1－5　ACBBA　6－10　ACABC
11－15　ABBCA　　16－20　CAABC
听力材料：
（Text 1）
W：The sports meet starts at 8：00.
M：In order to get a good seat， we must arrive there fifteen minutes in advance.
（Text 2）
W：Will you grab some peanut butter from the store， please？ I want to make some cookies later.
M：Sure thing， honey. I’ll grab some when I get coffee later.I think we’re running low on milk， too.
（Text 3）
M：Did you get a present for Molly’s birthday？
W：Yes.You know she loves to listen to Johnny Holden—she’s got all his CDs—so when I saw this book all about his life， I knew that was the perfect present for her.
（Text 4）
W：I’m looking for a place to have my client’s art show.We are really hoping to attract a large audience.
M：You should try the Fairmont Hotel.It’s expensive to rent， but it’s also right by the subway.It’s super convenient.
（Text 5）
M：Was the telephone ringing？
W：I didn’t hear anything.Sometimes when the windows are open， you can hear the neighbours’ phone ringing.
M：Well.I’m expecting an important phone call， and I don’t want to miss it.
（Text 6）
W：How is your mother feeling these days？
M：Much better， thanks， Ms Wang. The operation went smoothly and the doctor says she’ll recover in no time and she’ll probably come home at the weekend.
W：That’s wonderful.When will you come back to class？
M：I still need a week to take care of her and today I will do some cleaning for her coming home.
W：OK.Take care of your mother and yourself.The whole class are expecting you.
（Text 7）
W：Look at Tina.She looks like she’s on top of the world.
M：Yes.She must have won the English competition.
W：If she has won it， then Mark must be really sad right now.He wanted to win it so much.
M：Yes， I’m afraid Mark couldn’t even go.I met him yesterday.He told me he caught a cold.
W：I’m so sorry to hear that， poor Mark.By the way， why didn’t you take part in the competition？
M：I had no time.I had to prepare for an important exam.What about you？ Why didn’t you take part？
W：I’m just not interested in competitions.
（Text 8）
W：Hello.Front desk.
M：This is Bob Robinson.I’m calling from Room 627.
W：Hi， Mr Robinson.What can I do for you？
M：Is it possible to change to another room？
W：Could you please tell me why？
M：Our room is facing the swimming pool.It’s noisy for me.I have a problem with sleeping.And my wife feels uncomfortable when she takes the elevator.
W：So you need a quiet side room on a lower floor.
M：You’re right.
W：Okay.Let me check the first floor.
M：Thank you.
W：We have only two rooms left on the first floor.How about Room 108？
M：That’s fine.Can we move now？
W：Sure.I’ll send the doorman to help you.
M：Oh， thank you.
W：You’re welcome.
（Text 9）
W：Tim， you’re going to talk about your project on “How to Lead a Greener Life”.Why did you choose that subject？
M：Well， we’d learnt a lot about the environment in our science lessons. So， I decided to see what I could do in my own life， rather than just act completely helplessly.And I knew the rest of my family would be interested.
W：Did you find it easy to get information？
M：Yeah， I discovered there were lots of people at my age trying to be green.I’d always gone to school by car.Catching a bus would be better， but there’s no bus where we live， so I’ve gone for riding my bike to school now.
W：OK， and what about being green once you’re actually at school？
M：Well， I realised that although all school paper was recycled and most of my friends use both sides of paper， we use huge quantities， and I thought we should cut down. And then it came to me that we should be handing in most of our homework electronically.I’m going to recommend it to our teachers.
W：And what about the school cafeteria？
M：One school I’ve read about has meatless Mondays.It’s good to use local produce， too.That’s something our school already does.But we still have machines with bottled milk， water and juices for sale， and I think we shouldn’t have them.
（Text 10）
W：One destination that is becoming popular with Chinese tourists is Bali.It is a beautiful island of Indonesia.There is a rainy season that is perfect for swimming.One of the main attractions is Bali’s diverse sea life.There are some creatures that don’t exist anywhere else in the world. Visitors who don’t know how to dive can take classes while they’re on vacation there.The island is also home to several active volcanoes.Many scientific groups come to study them.Even though tourism is on the rise， most of the population still works in agriculture and the fishing industry.Bali also has many traditional artworks.Some popular products for sale include clothing with special designs， wood sculptures， and organic coffee.A great time to visit the island is during one of its many festivals.Since ancient times， the culture of Bali has had a lot of influence from Chinese culture.Chinese New Year is widely celebrated by Indonesians who are of Chinese origin.The island of Bali has many ancient Chinese buildings that are especially good to visit during the holiday.
第二部分　阅读（共两节，满分50分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）
　　阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
　　Are you ready to unlock your full career potential？ Explore the details of each course below to find your right fit.
EliteOnline
　　Whether you’re exploring what to do next or you’ve already identified a role， this course is structured to help you take practical steps towards your career.It uses a design thinking approach to help people of any age and academic background.It consists of 5 career-oriented concepts， explained through videos， personal reflections， and exercises.
　　 7 weeks： 2－4 hours per week； self-paced
AUX
　　The course provides skill development for graduates as they prepare for their next career step.Participants will build skills to promote leadership， run a team， manage projects， apply teaching skills beyond the classroom， develop strategic communication skills and prepare successful job application materials.
　　 7 weeks： 2－5 hours per week； instructor-led on a course schedule
BerkUX
　　This course provides tips and strategies for launching a successful music career as an artist.It covers developing your identity， leading a band， planning and recording your first independent record， building a brand， developing business partnerships， and understanding the business side of music production.
　　 4 weeks： 2－5 hours per week； self-paced
UXOnline
　　In this course， you will focus on the pathways to Internet security career success.You will determine your own incoming skills， talent， and deep interests to apply towards a meaningful exploration of 32 Digital Pathways of Cybersecurity.You will complete a self-assessment to determine the next essential steps.
　　 6 weeks： 2－4 hours per week； self-paced
语篇解读：本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了帮助你探索职业潜能的四门课程。
21.What is an advantage of EliteOnline？（　　）
A.It provides downloadable videos.
B.It offers the longest learning hours.
C.It focuses on trainings of design thinking.
D.It requires no specific academic background.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据EliteOnline中的It uses a design thinking approach to help people of any age and academic background.可知，这门课程使用设计思维方法来帮助任何年龄和学术背景的人。所以这门课程对学术背景没有特别要求。
22.What do AUX and BerkUX have in common？（　　）
A.They allow a flexible learning pace.
B.They aim at specific professions.
C.They develop management skills.
D.They assess career potentials.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据AUX中的Participants will build skills to promote leadership， run a team， manage projects和BerkUX中的leading a band， planning and recording your first independent record可知，这两门课程谈到的管理团队、带领乐队都属于管理技能。
23.Which profession are participants in UXOnline most likely to pursue？（　　）
A.Network engineering.
B.Online teaching.
C.Career consulting.
D.Digital marketing.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据UXOnline中的focus on the pathways to Internet security career success以及a meaningful exploration of 32 Digital Pathways of Cybersecurity可知，这一课程涉及网络工程方面的问题。
B
　　While for many a chef， serving up the fanciest and most delicious meals is the ultimate aim， Rudolf Brand has an extra mission： fighting food waste.He believes that with his dishes， he can have a big impact： not just on people’s taste buds （味蕾）， but also on their way of thinking about food — and food waste.
　　With 22 years of experience， including Michelin-starred restaurants in London and Amsterdam， he has seen a lot of food wasted in his career.So what is the best way to prevent this？ For him， it really comes down to one essential thing：“Rather than thinking about what you want to cook， look at the remnants， what’s available， and then make a menu.This is what every chef should do.”
　　He’s clear on his solution： “Lose that fanciness， and look at the quality of the product and the flavor，” Rudolf explains.“There are too many chefs who are trying to be too fancy.They want to have only the biggest sea fish no matter what.Or they make a dish with only the heart of the cabbage， only using the most delicate leaves and then they throw away the rest.” He shakes his head at the idea of such waste.
　　He knows that one of his suppliers — a local farm — is left with a growing food mountain when top Michelin-starred chefs only buy the prized cuts of meat instead of ordering the entire leg.In just three or four weeks， the farm is left with 1，000 legs of lamb in the freezer.“And that’s just one supplier，” he says.
　　While other chefs will only accept the best from their suppliers， if something is smaller or damaged or has a few black bits， Rudolf is still going to use it.“Just because I’ll accept produce of a slightly lower quality doesn’t mean I’m going to serve less quality.It’s my job to turn that into good-quality food on the plate，” he says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。资深厨师Rudolf Brand用边角料食材烹饪美味，引发大众对食物浪费的关注。
24.What does Rudolf intend to do with his dishes？（　　）
A.Create the fanciest meals ever.
B.Educate the public on food waste.
C.Encourage people to cook by themselves.
D.Pursue a career in Michelin-starred restaurants.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段中的on their way of thinking about food — and food waste可知，Rudolf希望通过自己的烹饪影响人们对食物浪费的认知。
25.What does the underlined word “remnants” in Paragraph 2 mean？（　　）
A.Remainder.　　 B.Menus.
C.Budget.　　 D.Demands.
解析：A　词义猜测题。画线词后面的what’s available是画线词的同位语。由此可知，remnants意为“剩余物”。
26.What does Rudolf say about many chefs？（　　）
A.They are too choosy about materials.
B.They would like to try out his cooking methods.
C.They care too much about flavor.
D.They satisfy customers’ needs to the full.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据第三段中的They want to have only the biggest sea fish ...most delicate leaves and then they throw away the rest.可知，在Rudolf看来，许多厨师做菜时只选用品质最高的食材，也就是说，他们过于挑剔食材。
27.What problem do food suppliers face according to Rudolf？（　　）
A.They overproduce greatly.
B.They struggle to win orders.
C.They have many unwanted leftovers.
D.They fail to store their products properly.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段内容可知，由于高级别的米其林厨师只要品质最佳的肉，因此供应商那里没能销售出去的剩余食材很快就会堆积如山。由此可知，目前广大食材供应商面临的问题是有太多的剩余食材。
C
　　Sam Shepler was not surprised the first time he was asked to make a video resume （简历） in 2021.The 32-year-old had noticed the trend growing in the previous year， and was applying for a video-editing role.The role did not require any public speaking， and Shepler had no experience talking about himself on camera.Even though he got the job， the process felt more burdensome than usual.“I honestly prefer the old-fashioned resume and interview，” he says.
　　A recent survey showed that 79％ of hiring managers thought that video resumes had become “more important” than before for vetting （审查） candidates， and 61％ of job seekers thought “a recorded video could be the next version of the traditional cover letter”.As remote work has made video an increasingly common part of life at work， are video resumes the future — whether candidates want them to be or not？
　　Chloe Chioy， 22， believes a video resume was crucial in helping her secure her first job after university.“It was a decision on my part to submit a video resume，” says the Taipei-based digital marketing coordinator， who works remotely for a UK-based company.The job advertisement only stated that a resume was required.“Being a fresh graduate， I knew experience was my major disadvantage.I think showing my personality and attitude in the video helped my application.” She also made sure to emphasise skills relevant to the role， including screenshots of articles she had written， clips （片段） of her public speaking， and showing off her video-editing abilities.
　　Chioy’s approach made use of some of the distinct benefits of video resumes， says recruitment （招聘） specialist Jan Tegze.This can be particularly helpful for applicants with little experience applying in competitive fields who need an extra edge to secure a role.He also mentions that he cannot see the video resume replacing its written counterpart （相对物） any time soon.“Recruitment really hasn’t changed for decades.We are using different tools that are a little bit faster， but it’s still about human interaction，” he says.
语篇解读：本文是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了求职者使用视频简历进行求职的趋势。
28.What does Paragraph 1 tell us about Sam Shepler？（　　）
A.He felt awkward in front of a camera.
B.He was inexperienced in editing videos.
C.He liked the traditional hiring process better.
D.He applied for a job that valued public speaking.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，Sam Shepler说：“老实讲，我更喜欢老式的简历和面试。”由此可知，他更喜欢传统的招聘流程。
29.What does the data in Paragraph 2 imply？（　　）
A.Most candidates no longer use cover letters.
B.There is a growing demand for video resumes.
C.Most hiring managers screen candidates via video.
D.Video becomes a common part of remote working.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句可知，最近的一项调查显示，79％的招聘经理认为，和以前相比，视频简历对于审查求职者来说变得更重要；61％的求职者认为，录制的视频简历可能就是传统求职信的下一个版本。由此可推知，人们对视频简历的需求正在增加。
30.Which of the following words can best describe Chloe Chioy？（　　）
A.Brave and optimistic.
B.Selfless and polite.
C.Honest and independent.
D.Creative and smart.
解析：D　推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，招聘广告中只提到需要一份简历，而Chloe Chioy选择提交视频简历。她知道工作经验是她最大的短板，在她看来，在视频中展示自己的个性和态度对她的应聘起到了帮助作用。同时，她还在视频简历中展示了自己所具备的与应聘岗位相关的各项技能。由此可推知，Chloe Chioy是一个既有创意又聪明的人。
31.What might Jan Tegze agree with？（　　）
A.Written resumes won’t be replaced in the short term.
B.Using different tools can speed up the selection of talents.
C.Virtual hiring is particularly popular in competitive fields.
D.Sending a video resume isn’t very helpful for fresh graduates.
解析：A　推理判断题。根据最后一段中的He also mentions that ...any time soon.可知，Jan Tegze认为，视频简历在短期内不会取代书面简历。
D
　　While waste within the convenience economy should certainly be solved， it is neither realistic nor sustainable to work towards the complete abandonment of plastics for packaging and other convenience items.Plastics play a crucial role in preserving products both physically and from the effects of water， oxygen and other things.Further， we cannot over-rely on recycling when we consider weak market interest in low-grade materials.
　　What we need is a strong focus on improving the sustainability of the plastics that we will continue to need.For these plastics， the clear goal should be to stop the use of oil.We must turn to materials based on natural， renewable resources and produce plastics that have minimal impact on the environment after multiple use.Several of these products are already available on the market， but the key to challenging the dominance of oil-based plastics is extending and developing the capability and range of such products with new material science.
　　Industrial biotechnology is becoming a cornerstone of the bioeconomy.It involves working with natural processes to extend biochemical pathways that can be used in manufacturing （制造业）.It has the potential to improve how we manufacture materials and allow us to produce entirely new materials， at the same time protecting the environment and reducing costs.
　　At Biome Bioplastics， for example， our industrial biotechnology development programme has already successfully produced bio-based chemicals at sufficient scale （规模） for industrial testing from lignin， the woody material in plants and other renewable carbon sources.Availability of these chemicals could completely transform the bioplastics market， creating natural polymers （聚合物） that can compete with oil-based polymers on both cost and functionality.We believe that our product can deliver important changes across the materials industry and provide a critical tool in the fight against plastic pollution.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。解决塑料污染问题的方法不是杜绝塑料的使用。选取来自大自然、对环境影响小的生物塑料作为原材料才是塑料的未来。
32.What does Paragraph 1 mainly focus on concerning plastics？（　　）
A.Their source materials.
B.Their vital importance.
C.The problems they cause.
D.The methods to abandon them.
解析：B　段落大意题。第一段首句通过While引导的让步状语从句引出了杜绝塑料包装和其他塑料方便用品既不切实际又不可持续。接下来的内容提到塑料在实际生活中的重要用途，与首句为因果关系。由此可知，作者在第一段强调了塑料的重要性。
33.What does the author think of future plastics？（　　）
A.They should be eco-friendly.
B.They could be a bit expensive.
C.They could be replaced by plant products.
D.They should be made from used things.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第二段前两句可知，作者强调，未来我们应该致力于提高塑料的可持续性，用天然可循环利用的材料来制作塑料，以对环境产生最小限度的影响。也就是说，作者认为未来环保塑料是主流。
34.What makes it possible for Biome Bioplastics to create their competitive polymers？（　　）
A.The high cost of carbon sources.
B.The wide variety of their products.
C.The low availability of oil-based polymers.
D.The application of industrial biotechnology.
解析：D　细节理解题。根据最后一段前两句可知，应用工业生物技术后，Biome Bioplastics公司得以生产出可与以石油为原料的化学聚合物相匹敌的天然聚合物。
35.Who is the author most probably？（　　）
A.A newspaper journalist.
B.A government officer.
C.A company manager.
D.A university researcher.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据最后一段作者的写作口吻At Biome Bioplastics， for example， our industrial biotechnology以及We believe that our product可知，作者最有可能是Biome Bioplastics公司的负责人。
第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
　　Debate is a valuable activity for students of all skill levels.Most obviously， debaters build confidence speaking in public and expressing their ideas eloquently （雄辩地）.That comfort speaking in front of others is useful in many areas of life， from interviews to school presentations.
　　36.（　　）.The preparation for competition teaches critical thinking and research skills as well.As F.Scott Fitzgerald once said，“The test of first-rate intelligence is the ability to hold two opposed ideas in mind at the same time and still have the ability to function.” Debate tests and builds that ability by forcing students to see both sides of issues.Debaters learn to explain their own ideas and assess different viewpoints.37.（　　）， teaching them to conduct research and assess sources.
　　Debating skills help students express their thoughts better in their academic work.Debaters are used to responding to unfamiliar arguments in time-sensitive situations； thinking critically about a written passage on the SAT test is not so different from responding to an opponent’s argument in a debate round.38.（　　）.
　　For those who commit to speech and debate， it offers a lifetime of benefits.Debate teaches how to persuade， how to present clearly， and how to connect with an audience， exactly the skills businesses look for in their young employees.39.（　　）.There are ex-debaters excelling （突出） in business， law， politics， academia， and many other fields.
　　40.（　　）！ Debate makes learning a game.Students build their critical thinking and speaking skills without feeling like work.And throughout the years of practice and competition， debate builds lifelong friendships and community.
A.Debate provides life-changing experiences
B.Perhaps most important of all， debate is fun
C.Keeping calm has been proven to be effective
D.You’ll find ex-debaters in every area of public life
E.Therefore， debaters outscore non-debaters on the SAT
F.And debate requires students to research their ideas and support them with evidence
G.But the benefits of debating are not limited to the skills built while students are speaking
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了辩论给学生学习和未来生活带来的益处。
36.G　首段介绍了辩论最明显的好处——讲话自信流利。设空处下一句提到准备比赛可以让人学到批判性思维和研究技能。G项（但是辩论的好处并不局限于学生在讲话时培养的技能）承上启下，符合语境。G项中的speaking属于原词复现。
37.F　根据设空处后的“教他们进行研究和评估来源”可知，设空处应与研究相关，故F项（辩论要求学生研究他们的观点，并用证据支持他们的观点）符合语境，且与第二段中的research skills相呼应。
38.E　本段介绍辩论技能带给学业的好处，设空处上一句提到写高考作文和在辩论中回应对手的论点具有相似之处，故E项（因此，辩论者在高考中的得分高于非辩论者）符合语境，与上文构成因果关系。
39.D　根据空后一句可知，在商业、法律、政治、学术界和许多其他领域都有前辩手。故D项（你可以在公共生活的各个领域找到前辩手）符合语境，D项中的public life是下一句中business， law， politics， academia， and many other fields的上义词。
40.B　根据设空处下文中的makes learning a game和without feeling like work可知，B项（也许最重要的是，辩论很有趣）符合语境。fun与game构成词汇的同现关系。
第三部分　语言运用（共两节，满分30分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
　　“Do I have to go， Mom？” My son looked at the party invitation.“I’m not going to make you go.　41　， I do want you to give it some thought.Andrew doesn’t have many 　42　，” I said.
　　Logan was calm and quiet.Andrew was active.He often did things that Logan found to be 　43　.Sometimes when he 　44　 those things with me， Logan became embarrassed.An overnight birthday party would be a big 　45　.
　　Logan was homeschooled and Andrew went to public school.Twice a week， they came together to play baseball.They often played warm-up catch together， since Logan wasn’t 　46　 with most of the kids and no one else would play with Andrew.It was obvious that Andrew 　47　 to have friends.
　　I let Logan’s 　48　 about the party rest for about a week.Then one afternoon， I asked him about it.“Have you 　49　 Andrew’s party？” I asked.
　　Logan took a deep breath.“I think that I need to 　50　.Andrew would be so 　51　， for no one would go to his birthday party.”
　　“I think that’s very kind， Logan.You’re 　52　 someone else，” I said.
　　Logan and Andrew 　53　 to play catch at baseball.Now they were best friends and they helped each other 　54　.Logan learned that what it takes is the courage to stretch into someone else’s life and just one person can make the biggest 　55　.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。一次通宵生日派对使Logan和Andrew走进了彼此的生活，使他们成为成长道路上互相帮助的挚友。
41.A.Otherwise　　　　B.Besides
C.Therefore　　 D.However
解析：D　设空处连接的前后两句之间是转折关系。
42.A.hobbies　　 B.teachers
C.friends　　 D.opportunities
解析：C　根据下文no one else would play with Andrew可知，Andrew没有什么朋友。
43.A.informal　　 B.inappropriate
C.personal　　 D.impressive
解析：B　根据上文Logan was calm and quiet.Andrew was active.可知，Andrew总是做一些让Logan感到不适的事情。
44.A.grouped　　 B.completed
C.connected　　 D.shared
解析：D　根据下文Logan became embarrassed可知，Andrew总是做一些让Logan感到不适的事情，有时Logan和“我”分享那些事情时，都会感到尴尬。参加Andrew的通宵生日派对将会是个大难题。
45.A.problem　　 B.possibility
C.expense　　 D.source
解析：A　参见上题解析。
46.A.mad　　 B.strict
C.familiar　　 D.angry
解析：C　根据上文Logan was homeschooled可知，因为Logan是在家上学，所以他对大多数孩子都不熟悉。
47.A.struggled　　 B.pretended
C.happened　　 D.feared
解析：A　根据上文no one else would play with Andrew可知，Andrew很难交到朋友，这是显而易见的。
48.A.curiosity　　 B.enthusiasm
C.decision　　 D.explanation
解析：C　根据上文I do want you to give it some thought和本段中的Then one afternoon， I asked him about it.可知，“我”给了Logan大约一周的时间来做决定。
49.A.considered　　 B.attended
C.mentioned　　 D.recorded
解析：A　一天下午，“我”问Logan是否考虑了Andrew的生日派对。
50.A.hide　　 B.go
C.change　　 D.insist
解析：B　根据下文for no one would go to his birthday party可知，Logan认为他得去参加Andrew的生日派对，因为没有人去会让Andrew感到很伤心。
51.A.determined　　 B.hopeful
C.gifted　　 D.sad
解析：D　参见上题解析。
52.A.hearing from　　 B.thinking of
C.learning from　　 D.waiting for
解析：B　根据上文I think that’s very kind可知，“我”认为Logan能为别人着想，这点很好。
53.A.continued　　 B.agreed
C.promised　　 D.hesitated
解析：A　根据第三段中的Twice a week， they came together to play baseball.和最后一段中的Now they were best friends可知，棒球课上，Logan和Andrew还在继续一起玩接球。
54.A.focus　　 B.recover
C.grow　　 D.judge
解析：C　根据Now they were best friends可知，现在他们是好朋友了，他们在彼此的成长道路上互相帮助。
55.A.assumption　　 B.difference
C.apology　　 D.mistake
解析：B　根据上文Now they were best friends和what it takes is the courage to stretch into someone else’s life可知，Logan意识到融入别人的生活需要勇气，仅仅一个人就可以为别人的生活带来很大的变化。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
　　阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　Charlie Russell was a Canadian naturalist who researched grizzly bears （灰熊）.He wanted people not to fear bears or any animals.56.　　　　　　 （back） up his argument， he and his partner lived with the bears in the Kamchatka Peninsula in eastern Russia， one of 57.　　　　　　 remotest and wildest regions on the planet.Russell claimed that bears were 58.　　　　　　 （intelligence） animals that were just misunderstood and he wanted to prove it.
　　Russell and his partner spent months 59.　　　　 （research） and living among the bears.While in Russia， he taught many people how to run tours that allowed tourists to see bears 60.　　　　　　 （safe） and naturally.Russell and his partner also found bears that previously had no bad interaction with humans， 61.　　　　　　 allowed them to start from scratch （从零开始）.Soon the bears were comfortable around people and interacted with them.
　　In 2003， when the partners 62.　　　　　　 （go） back to Kamchatka， they were met with some heartbreaking news.All the bears that they had studied and gotten to know had been killed.Russell was saddened that the bears 63.　　　　　　 （train） by him had lost their fear of humans， and had perhaps become easier targets of hunters.
　　But Russell’s work in Kamchatka has led 64.　　　　　　 a more profound （深刻的） appreciation for bears’ complex character.Through books and documentaries， Russell and his partner continued to build 65.　　　　　　 （aware） of these animals.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了自然学家Charlie Russell及其同伴致力于研究和保护灰熊的故事。
56.To back　考查非谓语动词。设空处作目的状语，应用动词不定式，故填To back。
57.the　考查冠词。设空处后为形容词最高级，故填定冠词the。
58.intelligent　考查词形转换。设空处作定语，修饰animals，应用形容词，故填intelligent。
59.researching　考查非谓语动词。spend time doing sth是固定搭配，表示“花费时间做某事”，且设空处与设空处后的living构成并列关系，故填researching。
60.safely　考查词形转换。设空处在句中作状语，应用副词，故填safely。
61.which　考查定语从句。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面整个主句，且在从句中作主语，故填which。
62.went　考查动词的时态。根据时间状语In 2003可知，设空处描述的是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，故填went。
63.trained　考查非谓语动词。设空处作后置定语修饰the bears，又因为train与the bears之间是逻辑上的动宾关系，故填trained。
64.to　考查固定搭配。lead to为固定搭配，意为“导致，引起”。
65.awareness　考查词形转换。设空处作build的宾语，故填名词形式awareness。
第四部分　写作（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（满分15分）
　　假定你是校学生会主席李华。外教Mr Smiths于上周五成功举办了一场有关职业规划的专题讲座。请你代表学生会给他写一封邮件，内容包括：
　　1.表达感谢；
　　2.说明收获。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Mr Smiths，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
参考范文：
Dear Mr Smiths，
　　On behalf of the Students’ Union， I’d like to express our heartfelt gratitude for your lecture on career planning delivered last Friday， which has made a big impact on every student there.
　　As high schoolers， many of us feel uncertain or confused about “career”.But your lecture has come as timely help.You’ve not only cleared up our doubts but also offered some practical suggestions on how to better prepare ourselves for the future workplace.
　　Thank you for sharing your wisdom.We are all beyond grateful.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
第二节（满分25分）
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　Shawn was a snail （蜗牛） unlike any other snail in the ditch （沟）.All of the snails that Shawn knew were slow， slow to get food， slow to get water， slow to get anywhere.What made Shawn so fast was that he was stronger than everyone else.Because he was the strongest， and could carry his home with ease， he was also the fastest， making him the speediest snail around.
　　Shawn felt very proud and started using his speed for his benefit.Anytime there was a leaf that fell to the ground， Shawn would race to it and eat until he got full before anyone else would get the chance.If it rained， and small pools of water formed at the bottom of the ditch， Shawn drank and drank all he needed， right in front of all his friends and family.The other snails liked Shawn， but the way he used his speed was making them angry.
　　After some time， the snails in the ditch couldn’t bear it.
　　“Shawn！ Stop eating so much before we can have our helping，” cried Blaine.
　　“Yeah， Shawn！” agreed Susan.“You don’t have to keep reminding us about how slow we are.”
　　Shawn was surprised.“Well， maybe if you would exercise a little bit more， you could beat me to the food and the water！” he said.
　　“How can we become stronger if you keep beating us to our food？” replied Harvey.
　　“We all think it’s about time you found another ditch， one that you can have all to yourself，” said Blaine.
　　That hurt Shawn.Slowly， he left the ditch for another place.He knew that there was another ditch across the road that was completely empty of other snails.Shawn was the only one who knew that because he was the only one capable of getting across the road safely.
　　A couple of weeks later， Shawn missed his friends across the road， and he realized that his ditch had even more food than the other， much more than he’d ever need.He decided he’d pay them a visit.When he came back， he found them very weak.Once they saw Shawn， they began to cry.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Shawn was very worried and asked them what had happened.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　Shawn decided to make use of his strength to their advantage.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Shawn was very worried and asked them what had happened.There wasn’t enough food in this ditch anymore after a storm.They were too weak and too slow to find enough for all of them to eat.They badly needed Shawn’s help.Even though they had asked him to leave the ditch， it was only because of his selfish actions.Shawn felt ashamed of his behavior in the past， and regretted leaving them.He thought about what he could do carefully and found what the right thing to do would be.
　　Shawn decided to make use of his strength to their advantage.One by one， Shawn lifted each of his snail friends up and as fast as he could， he brought them over to the ditch on the other side of the road.They were all safe and sound， especially after Shawn raced around the ditch getting food and bringing it straight to his weaker friends.Shawn would never use his speed to show off again.
16 / 16Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Tips for job interviews
　　Good morning， everyone.Today I’ll be talking about what to do if you’re asked to go for a job interview①.[1]The odds are that you’ve never been a candidate② for a particular job before， but my advice will help you gain the upper hand③ as you set off and step into the world of employment.
　　Before we go any further， it’s important to understand the purpose of an interview. [2]An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee， which allows the interviewer to assess④ the job applicant⑤ to see if he or she is suitable for⑥ the position.[3]Meanwhile， it provides an opportunity for the applicant to learn more about the job and the company， and to discover whether this job is right for him or her.
　　[1]本句为 but连接的并列复合句。 第一个分句中包含that引导的表语从句；第二个分句中包含as引导的时间状语从句。
　　[2]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词conversation；动词不定式短语to see ...作目的状语；其中又含有if引导的宾语从句。
　　[3]句中动词不定式短语to learn ...和to discover ...是并列结构；whether引导宾语从句，作to discover的宾语。
　　Prior⑦ to the interview， ensure you make good preparations.[4]Find out about the company and the post you are interviewing for through the company profile⑧.[5]This information will give you a good basis for what criteria⑨ are used for selecting candidates.List your strengths and skill set that will help the company achieve its goals.[6]It’s equally important to analyse your weaknesses and have a plan in mind to show how you intend to overcome them.
　　[4]句中you are interviewing ...为省略了关系代词that/which的定语从句，修饰先行词the post。
　　[5]what引导宾语从句，作介词for的宾语。
　　[6]It作形式主语，动词不定式短语to analyse ...and have ...是真正的主语，show后接一个how引导的宾语从句。
　　[7]Once you’ve done your homework about the company and the position， make a list of⑩ questions that could be asked during the interview and think about how to best answer them.[8]Better yet， do practice interviews with a friend.You can film the interviews to review your performance.Pay attention to your voice and body language.Practice makes perfect.Keep at it until you can concisely and confidently present your best self.
　　[7]Once引导条件状语从句，意为“一旦”；make a list of questions和think about作并列谓语；that could be asked是定语从句，修饰先行词questions；how to best answer them作think about的宾语。
　　[8]“do/does/did＋动词原形”用于强调谓语动词。do practice interviews 可译为“务必进行面试练习”。
　　Prepare to make a good first impression.Dress appropriately for your interview and gentlemen， be sure to have a good shave .[9]Get a good night’s rest so that you feel and look refreshed .Check the address of the interview， decide what mode of transport to use and allow extra time for traffic delays .Remember， be an early bird and arrive at least half an hour before your confirmed interview time.
　　[10]For the duration of the interview， listen carefully to the questions， and if you need clarification， it is not rude to say so. [11]When answering， try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much.Justify yourself with relevant examples from your personal experience and be specific about your achievements.However， you’ll also need to pay attention to the interviewer’s responses to determine whether to provide more details or not.
　　[9]本句是复合句。主句是一个祈使句；从句是so that引导的目的状语从句。
　　[10]本句为 and 连接的并列复合句。 第一个分句为祈使句。 第二个分句中 if引导条件状语从句，主句中it作形式主语，动词不定式短语to say so作真正的主语。
　　[11]When answering是状语从句的省略，补充完整是When you are answering。an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much是定语从句，省略了关系代词that，修饰先行词information。
　　The interviewer can infer a lot from your body language.[12]Positive body language conveys the impression that you are confident and relaxed.So start with a firm handshake and a genuine smile when greeting the interviewer.While speaking， make constant eye contact but do not stare fixedly at the interviewer.Keep your back straight throughout the interview.[13]Negative body language， such as yawning， looking around and crossing your arms ， is to be avoided because it implies that you are bored， anxious or defensive .
　　[12]that引导同位语从句，对impression的内容作具体解释和说明。
　　[13]主句是Negative body language ...is to be avoided；because引导原因状语从句，其中又含有that引导的宾语从句。
　　Towards the end of the interview， don’t forget to seize the moment and ask questions.An interview is a two-way street.[14]Asking questions not only gives you a better picture of the company， but also allows you to address any strengths you weren’t able to bring up naturally.For example， “Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan.Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there？”
　　After the interview， you should follow it up by writing to thank the interviewer for giving you the opportunity and again express your interest in working for the company.This is not only a polite thing to do， but also a final chance to recommend yourself. [15]It’s also vital to look back on the process to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed.
　　[14]动词-ing短语Asking questions作主语；not only ...but also ...连接两个并列谓语；定语从句you weren’t able to bring up naturally省略了关系代词that，修饰先行词strengths。
　　[15]It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式短语to look back on the process；to see what you did well and where improvements are still needed作目的状语，其中含有what和where引导的宾语从句。
　　If you follow these steps and put your best foot forward in your interview， you will be one step closer to reaching the end of the rainbow and obtaining your dream job.I wish you the best of luck！
【读文清障】
①go for a job interview去参加求职面试
②candidate n.候选人；应试者；被认定适合者
③gain the upper hand处于有利地位，有优势
④assess vt.评估，评定
⑤applicant n.申请人
job applicant 求职者
⑥be suitable for 适合……
suitable adj.合适的；适用的
⑦prior adj.在前的；优先的，占先的
prior to 在……之前
⑧profile n.概述；形象；侧面轮廓
vt.概述，写简介
⑨criterion n.（pl.criteria）标准，准则
⑩make a list of 列出……的清单
concisely adv.简明地，简练地，简洁地
shave n.刮脸，剃须
vi.& vt.剃（须发），刮脸
refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的
mode n.方式，风格，样式
delay n.延迟的时间；延期，耽搁
vi.& vt.延迟，延期；使迟到，使拖延
at least至少
duration n.持续时间，期间
for the duration 直到……结束，在整个……期间
rude adj.粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的
justify vt.对……作出解释，为……辩解；证明……正确
relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
infer vt.推断，推论，推理
convey vt.表达，传递；传送，运送
firm adj.强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n.商行，公司
genuine adj.真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的
make constant eye contact 进行连续的眼神交流
cross one’s arms交叉双臂
imply vt.意味着；暗示；表明
defensive adj.怀有戒心的；防御的；保护的
seize vt.抓住，把握；捉住，夺；攻占；没收
bring up 谈及；提出；养育，抚养；呕吐，咳出
corporate adj.公司的；全体的，共同的
corporation n.公司
look back on 回顾
put one’s best foot forward 全力以赴
rainbow n.虹，彩虹
【参考译文】
求职面试技巧
　　大家上午好。今天我想说说如果你被邀请参加一场求职面试该怎么做。可能你之前从未成为某项职位的求职者，不过我的建议会帮助你在开始踏入职场时占据上风。
　　首先要说的是，了解一场面试的目的是很重要的。面试是一位雇主和一位潜在雇员之间的一场对话，面试官据此评估求职者是否适合该职位。同时，面试也为求职者提供机会以便对该职位和该公司有更多了解，同时考量这份工作是否适合自己。
　　面试之前，要确保作好充足的准备。通过公司简介对该公司以及应聘职位做一些了解。这些信息能为你提供一个很好的依据来判断他们筛选候选人的标准。把你能帮助该公司达成目标的优点和技能组合列出来。同样重要的是要分析自己的弱点，并且在心里计划好自己打算如何克服这些弱点。
　　针对公司和职位做足功课之后，列出在面试中可能会被问到的问题，并想想如何给出最佳答案。最好找一位朋友进行面试练习。你可以把过程录下来，然后回顾自己的表现。注意自己的声音和肢体语言。熟能生巧，坚持练习，直到你能够简洁而自信地展现出最好的自我。
　　准备好给人留下良好的第一印象。参加面试要穿着得体，另外，男士们请务必把胡须剃干净。头一天晚上好好休息，让自己神清气爽。查一下面试地址，选好交通方式，并留出多余时间以免交通延误。切记，一定要早起，至少比确认的面试时间提前半小时到场。
　　在面试过程中，要认真听提问，并且如果你需要对方表述得更清楚些，可以提出来，这并不失礼。回答时试着把握好交谈的分寸，给出面试官所需的一切信息，使其对你有全面的了解，又不会过于啰嗦。从自己的个人经历中找出相关事例来解释，并且具体说明自己取得的成绩。但是，你也需要注意面试官的反应来决定是否提供更多细节。
　　面试官可以从你的肢体语言中推断出很多信息。积极的肢体语言传达着自信而放松的印象。因此，与面试官打招呼时，首先要坚定地握手并真诚地微笑。交谈时要保持眼神交流，但不可一直盯着面试官看。面试全程背部要保持挺直。负面的肢体语言是需要避免的，比如打哈欠、东张西望和交叉双臂，因为这暗示着你感到厌倦、紧张或有所防备。
　　临近面试结束时，别忘了抓住时机提问。面试是双向的。提问不仅能让你更好地了解这家公司，也能让你展现任何你原先无法自然体现的优势。例如对面试官说：“我的选修专业是日语，并且我了解到在日本拓展业务是贵公司企业计划的一部分。请问这个职位是否会提供在日本的新兴市场工作的机会？”
　　面试后，你应该紧接着写信感谢面试官给你这次机会，并再次表达你为公司工作的兴趣。这不仅是一种礼节，也是一次最后进行自我推荐的机会。回顾面试的过程也极为重要，以便梳理哪些地方你做得好，哪些地方还需要改进。
　　如果你按照这些步骤来做，并在面试中全力以赴的话，你会离到达理想的彼岸并获得梦寐以求的工作更近一步。祝你好运！
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the purpose of the job interview？（　　）
A.To kill the boring time.
B.To find a person with common interests.
C.To accomplish a task assigned by the manager.
D.To find a suitable position or an appropriate employee.
2.What should a candidate do to make a good first impression？（　　）
①Dress appropriately and have a good shave.
②Take your personal laptop.
③Have a good night’s rest to look refreshed.
④Check the address， decide proper transport and arrive early.
A.①③④　　　　　　　B.①②③
C.②③④　　 D.①②④
3.Which of the following is NOT a negative body language？（　　）
A.Yawning.　　 B.Looking around.
C.A genuine smile.　　 D.Crossing your arms.
4.Why should an interviewee attach great importance to body language during the interview？ （　　）
A.It implies that the interviewee is bored， anxious and defensive.
B.It may give away the interviewee’s inner thoughts， such as his/her attitude.
C.It may leave a good impression on the interviewer.
D.It may convey that the interviewee is confident and relaxed.
5.What does “reaching the end of the rainbow” in the last paragraph mean？（　　）
A.Becoming successful.
B.Falling in love with rainbow.
C.Giving up the opportunity.
D.Feeling disappointed about the rain.
答案：1－5　DACBA
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
后缀-ed表示“有……的，有……特征的”，常加到名词或动词后，构成形容词。
①refresh→refreshed 恢复了精力的，精神振作的
②tire→tired 疲劳的
③interest→interested 感兴趣的
④surprise→surprised 感到吃惊的，惊讶的
⑤frighten→frightened 震惊的，恐惧的
⑥talent→talented 有才能的
⑦colour→coloured 有色的
⑧gift→gifted 有天赋的
⑨skill→skilled 熟练的
⑩age→aged 年老的
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
（1）举例子是通过列举有代表性的、恰当的事例让读者对事物的情况或事理更加易懂。
请找出课文中举例子的句子。
　Asking questions not only gives you a better picture of the company， but also allows you to address any strengths you weren’t able to bring up naturally. For example， “Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan.Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there？”　
（2）习语也称惯用语，是经过人们长期运用、已经相对固定的表达方式。本文运用大量习语激发听众的兴趣，增强表述的生动性，帮助听众更好地理解面试的相关建议。
请写出课文中下列习语的含义。
①gain the upper hand　　　　处于有利地位，有优势　
②practice makes perfect　　　熟能生巧　
③an early bird　　　早起或早到的人　
④put your best foot forward　　　全力以赴　
⑤the end of the rainbow　　　理想的彼岸　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
applicant n.申请人
【教材原句】　An interview is a conversation between an employer and a potential employee， which allows the interviewer to assess the job applicant to see if he or she is suitable for the position.
面试是一位雇主和一位潜在雇员之间的一场对话，面试官据此评估求职者是否适合该职位。
【用法】
（1）apply vt.& vi.　　　应用；申请；涂；有关 apply （to sb） for sth　　（向某人）申请某事 apply to do sth　　申请做某事 apply to sth/sb 适用于/运用于……（to为介词） apply sth to ...　把……应用于……；把……涂抹到……（to为介词） apply oneself to （doing） sth 集中精力做某事，专注于（to为介词） （2）application n.　　申请；申请书；应用
【佳句】　I’m writing to apply for the position you offered in yesterday’s newspaper.
我写信申请你们在昨天的报纸上提供的职位。
【练透】　单句语法填空/句型转换
①All the people who are willing to help others can apply 　to join　 （join） the organization.
②If you apply yourself to the job in hand， you’ll soon finish it.
→　Applying yourself to the job in hand　， you’ll soon finish it.（动词-ing短语作状语）
→　Apply yourself to the job in hand， and you’ll soon finish it.　（祈使句＋and＋陈述句）
【写美】　翻译句子
③有500多人申请这份工作。
　There were over 500 applicants for the job.　
prior adj.在前的；优先的，占先的
【教材原句】　Prior to the interview， ensure you make good preparations. 面试之前，要确保作好充足的准备。
【用法】
（1）prior to　　 在……之前 （2）priority n.　　优先处理的事，当务之急 give priority to　　优先考虑……；给……优先权 have/take priority over　　优先于……；比……重要
【佳句】　Prior to that， the only great historical works I had been exposed to were Homer’s epic poems.在那之前，我接触过的唯一伟大的历史著作是荷马的史诗。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①All the arrangements should be completed prior 　to　 your departure.
②Her children were the number two 　priority　 （prior） in her life next to her career.
③We should give priority 　to　 the development of the basic industries.
【写美】　完成句子
④It is important to enrich the soil 　prior to planting　.
在种植前给土壤增肥很重要。
relevant adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的
【教材原句】　Justify yourself with relevant examples from your personal experience and be specific about your achievements. 从自己的个人经历中找出相关事例来解释，并且具体说明自己取得的成绩。
【用法】
（1）（be） relevant to sb/sth　与某人/某事有关 a relevant suggestion/question/point 相关的提议/问题/观点 （2）relevance n.　　关联；相关性 have no relevance to　　与……无关/不相关 （3）relevantly adv.　　相关地 irrelevant adj.　　不相关的，无关紧要的
【佳句】　Do you have the relevant experience to the position？
你有相关的岗位经验吗？
【练透】　单句语法填空
①His poor health has direct 　relevance　 （relevant） to staying up late.
②The temperature will change 　relevantly　 （relevant） as altitude goes up.
③It is generally accepted that success is not necessarily relevant 　to　 inborn intelligence.
【写美】　完成句子
④All the candidates must 　turn in the relevant materials　 before the deadline.
所有的候选人必须在截止日期前交上相关材料。
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
delay n.延迟的时间；延期，耽搁vi.& vt.延迟，延期；使迟到，使拖延
【教材原句】　Check the address of the interview， decide what mode of transport to use and allow extra time for traffic delays. 查一下面试地址，选好交通方式，并留出多余时间以免交通延误。
【用法】
（1）delay doing sth　　推迟做某事 delay for two hours　　耽搁两小时 （2）without delay　　毫不延迟地；立即 　　两小时的延误
【佳句】　Immediately， she jumped out of her car and ran to Sam without delay.
她立刻跳下车，毫不耽搁地向萨姆跑去。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He delayed 　telling　 （tell） her the bad news， waiting for the right moment.
②Owing to the bad weather， the flight was delayed 　for　 a couple of hours.
【写美】　完成句子
③It was considerate of you 　to inform us in advance of his delay　 in case we got worried.
你提前通知我们他的延误，以免我们着急，你考虑得真是太周到了。
Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
【教材原句】　Today I’ll be talking about what to do if you’re asked to go for a job interview.
今天我想说说如果你被邀请参加一场求职面试该怎么做。
【用法】
（1）疑问代词who、what、which等和疑问副词when、where、how等后跟动词不定式，构成“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语等。 （2）“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构在句中作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。 （3）“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构可转换为从句。
【品悟】　I remember the day my father tried to teach me how to ride a bicycle.
我记得父亲努力教我学骑自行车的那一天。
【写美】　完成句子
①When meeting with emergency， he doesn’t know 　what to do to keep calm　.
当遇到紧急情况时，他不知道该怎么做才能保持冷静。
②There are so many interesting storybooks here that 　which to buy hasn’t been decided yet　.
这里有那么多有趣的故事书，买哪本还没有决定。
③Some famous artists will perform 　how to cut paper　 on the spot.
一些著名艺术家将现场展示如何制作剪纸。
句型公式：状语从句的省略
【教材原句】　When answering， try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much.
回答时试着把握好交谈的分寸，给出面试官所需的一切信息，使其对你有全面的了解，又不会过于啰嗦。
【用法】
句中When answering为状语从句的省略，相当于When you are answering。 （1）一些表示时间、地点、条件、方式、让步等的状语从句，若从句的主语与主句的主语一致或从句主语是it，且从句谓语中含有be动词时，那么可将从句的主语和be动词省略。 （2）常用于该结构的连词有when、while、if、though、after、before、as、unless。 （3）常用于该结构的动词形式为动词-ing形式或动词-ed形式。
【品悟】　While （he is） watching， he makes notes.
他一边观察，一边做记录。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①To prevent soft tissue injury， make sure that you wear proper clothes and equipment 　when exercising　.
为了防止软组织受伤，锻炼时你要确保穿戴合适的衣服和护具。
②Its walls are fresh 　as if painted yesterday　.
它的墙壁新得好像昨天刚刚粉刷过。
③When he was asked why he came here， the boy kept silent.
→　When asked why he came here　， the boy kept silent.
维度一：品句填词
根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式。
1.They had to delay　 their departure on account of the bad weather.
2.The rainbow　 formed a beautiful arc in the sky.
3.Many college students have temporary　 jobs during the summer break.
4.Which are the messages you want to convey　 through your art？
5.We must strive to seize　 and make full use of every opportunity to improve ourselves.
6.She was chosen for the job because she was superior to the other candidates　.
7.This picture only shows the girl in 　profile　 （侧面轮廓）， so we cannot see clearly who she is.
8.You can pay back the 　loan　 （贷款） over a period of three years.
9.All 　applicants　 （申请人） will be considered regardless of age， sex， religion or nationality.
10.She is the most 　genuine　 （真诚的） person that I’ve ever met.
维度二：词形转换
用括号内单词的正确形式填空。
1.Jenifer determined to follow in her father’s footsteps and take charge of the large 　corporation　 （corporate）.
2.It is with your generous help that I 　firmly　 （firm） believe that I will adapt to the college life as soon as possible.
3.His 　application　 （apply）for a member of the organization was refused， which made him disappointed.
4.The government has given top 　priority　 （prior） to reforming the education system.
5.Due to his 　rudeness　 （rude）， I didn’t say one more word to him.
6.No candidate fulfills all the 　criteria　 （criterion） for this position.
7.He failed to see the 　commercial　 （commerce） value of his discovery.
8.Once you practise this sort of sports， you will feel quite 　refreshed　 （refresh） afterwards.
维度三：固定搭配和句式
根据汉语及括号内提示完成下列句子。
1.何时何地举办篮球赛到现在还没有确定下来。（“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构）
　When and where to hold a basketball match hasn’t　 been decided so far.
2.他的确出国了，这是意料之外的。（“do/does/did＋动词原形”强调谓语动词）
He 　did go abroad　， which was unexpected.
3.在做决定之前，你最好全面考虑。（prior to）
　Prior to making a decision　， you’d better take everything into consideration.
4.其次，当被表扬时，我们用“哦，不是！”或者“过奖了”以示礼貌。（状语从句的省略）
Secondly， 　when praised　， we reply with “Oh， no！” or “I’m over-praised” to show good manners.
维度四：课文语法填空
阅读课文内容， 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
　　If you are an 1.　applicant　 （apply） for a job or a candidate for a job interview， I would like to offer you some suggestions， which will help you gain the upper hand.
　　Prior 2.　to　 the interview， ensure you make good 3.　preparations　 （prepare）. Firstly， collect information about the company through its profile or website to know 4.　what　 criteria they use to select candidates. Also， have a good sleep to look 5.　refreshed　 （refresh） and choose the right traffic mode to avoid traffic delays.
　　For the 6.　duration　 （during） of the interview， listen carefully， and avoid any rude behaviour. The 7.　interviewer　 （interview） can infer a lot from your body language， 8.　which　 can convey whether you are confident or not. So start with a firm handshake and give a genuine smile when 9.　greeting　 （greet） the interviewer. Since an interview is a two-way street， don’t forget 10.　to seize　 （seize） any opportunity to ask questions to show your abilities you weren’t able to bring up naturally.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
　　Living in Iowa and trying to become a photographer specializing in landscape （风景） can be quite a challenge， mainly because the corn state lacks geographical variation.
　　Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar， either farm fields or highways， sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.To make some of my landscape shots， I have traveled up to four hours away to shoot within a 10-minute time frame.I tend to travel with a few of my friends to state parks or to the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.
　　Being at the right place at the right time is decisive in any style of photography.I often leave early to seek the right destinations so I can set up early to avoid missing the moment I am attempting to photograph.I have missed plenty of beautiful sunsets/sunrises due to being on the spot only five minutes before the best moment.
　　One time my friends and I drove three hours to Devil’s Lake， Wisconsin， to climb the purple quartz （石英） rock around the lake.After we found a crazy-looking road that hung over a bunch of rocks， we decided to photograph the scene at sunset.The position enabled us to look over the lake with the sunset in the background.We managed to leave this spot to climb higher because of the spare time until sunset.However， we did not mark the route （路线） so we ended up almost missing the sunset entirely.Once we found the place， it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.Still， looking back on the photos， they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者作为一名风景摄影师的摄影体验。为了拍出优秀的照片，他付出了很多，其中不乏艰辛，当然也有收获和遗憾。
1.How does the author deal with the challenge as a landscape photographer in the Midwest？（　　）
A.By teaming up with other photographers.
B.By shooting in the countryside or state parks.
C.By studying the geographical conditions.
D.By creating settings in the corn fields.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第二段中的To make some of my landscape shots ...the countryside to go on adventures and take photos along the way.可知，作者和他的朋友们到州立公园或乡村去拍摄，以此来应对中西部缺少地理多样性的挑战。
2.What is the key to successful landscape photography according to the author？（　　）
A.Proper time management.
B.Good shooting techniques.
C.Adventurous spirit.
D.Distinctive styles.
解析：A　细节理解题。根据第三段第一句可知，恰当的地点和恰当的时间对于拍摄任何风格的照片都起着决定性的作用。由此可知，作者认为风景摄影成功的关键是适当的时间管理。
3.What can we infer from the author’s trip with friends to Devil’s Lake？（　　）
A.They went crazy with the purple quartz rock.
B.They felt stressed while waiting for the sunset.
C.They reached the shooting spot later than expected.
D.They had problems with their equipment.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第四段中的However， we did not mark the route ...it was stressful getting lights and cameras set up in the limited time.可知，作者他们几乎完全错过了日落，之后安置拍摄设备的时间就非常有限了，也就是说他们到达拍摄地点的时间比预期的要晚。
4.How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake？（　　）
A.Amusing.　　 B.Satisfying.
C.Encouraging.　　 D.Comforting.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知，虽然有准备不充分和时间管理不明智等方面的遗憾，作者依然认为这是一些自己拍摄的最好的照片。由此可推知，作者对自己拍摄的照片很满意。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　When you’ve got too much to do， the natural response is to try to fit in more tasks， in order to free up hours to do the things you love.
　　There are countless books promising to help you， but these attempts don’t always work.5.（　　）
　　The core problem is that the potential supply of new tasks is endless.Get faster at completing work projects and you’ll simply be given more work， thanks to your reputation as an efficient employee.It’s the personal equivalent of what happens when a new lane is added to a motorway to ease traffic jams.6.（　　） So congestion （拥堵） remains as bad as it ever was.
　　7.（　　） Social expectations do， too.Research by historian Ruth Cowan highlights that when washing machines and vacuum cleaners （吸尘器） were introduced， housework got more burdensome because standards of cleanliness also rose.Deep down， we believe the false promise of ever more efficiency.Yes， modest improvements in productivity can help you get through more work — but the truth is that there will always be more things worth doing than time in which to do them.8.（　　）
　　The option you take is up to you： perhaps you’ll decide to tolerate a messy house in order to spend more time reading to your children.Or perhaps you’re willing to sacrifice a reputation as the best worker in your office because your side business as a jewellery designer is worth it. 9.（　　） Otherwise， it’ll get made for you — and you may find yourself replying to emails at 11：30 pm on a Friday night.
A.So tough choices are always ahead.
B.The extra capacity just attracts more cars.
C.What matters is making the choice consciously.
D.It’s not just work that mounts up as efficiency rises.
E.Get quicker at answering emails， and you’ll get more of them.
F.Instead， the more you struggle to “get on top of things”， the busier you find yourself.
G.If you want to spend more time with your children， you have to do everything else more efficiently.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章就如何应对忙碌给出了一些建议。
5.F　根据设空处前的but these attempts don’t always work可知，F项内容承接上文进一步解释，指出相关的书并不是都很管用，反而会让你变得更忙碌。
6.B　根据设空处前的when a new lane is added to a motorway可知选B项，B项中的The extra capacity与上文所述的新加一条车道相呼应。
7.D　上一段提到the potential supply of new tasks，空后提到Social expectations do， too.，故D项符合语境，D项中的work承接上文；not just引出下文。
8.A　根据上文可知，生产力的提高意味着我们可以做更多的工作，但是我们会发现，要做的事情总是比我们拥有的时间多。A项符合语境，与上文为因果关系。正因为要做的事情比拥有的时间多，所以我们总要做艰难的选择。
9.C　根据设空处后的Otherwise可知，做选择的时候，要明明白白，否则事后还是会让自己陷于忙碌之中。故C项符合语境。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　It was the biggest night of my life.Weeks of preparation had gone into this 　10　.This was the second grade play.I was 　11　 to be the shining star in my class’s performance of the musical One Big Happy Family. There was just one 　12　.My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.My mom was 　13　 and her surgery was scheduled on the same night as the play.
　　Soon the big 　14　 came， and we all filed onto the stage.The show began.My second grade class started singing with off-key voices.Then I 　15　 as my classmates stumbled （不顺畅地说） through their lines.Finally， it was my 　16　.The kid standing next to me tried to 　17　 the microphone carefully， and I took a deep breath before 　18　 my line.As I started to speak， I noticed the microphone was not turned on.　19　， I switched the device on.I then said my line as quickly as possible.
　　A few days later my mom returned home.I showed her the recording of my second grade play.When my line came up I began to get 　20　.But my mom wasn’t 　21　； she told me how proud she was of my 　22　.I felt instantly 　23　， and convinced myself that I had done an amazing job under the given circumstances.I was so happy that I almost forgot she had 　24　 the important event.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。“我”的父母因故未能参加“我”的音乐剧演出，为此“我”耿耿于怀，但妈妈的肯定使“我”很快就释然了。
10.A.introduction　　 B.explanation
C.production　　 D.devotion
解析：C　根据下文This was the second grade play.可知，为了那晚的成果展示，“我”准备了好几周。
11.A.lucky　　 B.known
C.glad　　 D.prepared
解析：D　根据空后的to be the shining star in my class’s performance可知，“我”已准备好做全班最耀眼的明星。
12.A.possibility　　 B.problem
C.reason　　 D.choice
解析：B　根据下文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，唯一的问题就是“我”父母不能来观看“我”的音乐剧表演。
13.A.different　　 B.bored
C.ill　　 D.busy
解析：C　根据下文her surgery可知，“我”的妈妈生病了。
14.A.moment　　 B.success
C.change　　 D.deal
解析：A　根据下文we all filed onto the stage.The show began可知，那个重要的时刻很快就到来了。
15.A.refused　　 B.agreed
C.rested　　 D.listened
解析：D　根据空后的as my classmates stumbled （不顺畅地说） through their lines可知，“我”听同学们说着他们的台词。
16.A.hope　　 B.turn
C.duty　　 D.result
解析：B　此处意为：终于轮到“我”了。
17.A.hand over　　 B.clean up
C.put away　　 D.pick up
解析：A　根据上文standing next to me可知，“我”旁边的小孩小心翼翼地把麦克风递给“我”。
18.A.simplifying　　 B.repeating
C.recording　　 D.beginning
解析：D　根据语境可知，开始说台词前“我”深深地吸了一口气。
19.A.Interested　　 B.Embarrassed
C.Confused 　　 D.Inspired
解析：B　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on可知，当“我”开始说话时，发现麦克风没开，“我”因此而感到尴尬。
20.A.tired　　 B.nervous
C.amazed　　 D.curious
解析：B　根据上文I then said my line as quickly as possible.可知，当看到该“我”说台词的那段时，“我”很紧张。
21.A.alone　　 B.sensitive
C.disappointed　　 D.afraid
解析：C　根据上文I noticed the microphone was not turned on ...I then said my line as quickly as possible和下文she told me how proud可知，妈妈并没有对“我”感到失望，她对“我”的处事不惊感到自豪。
22.A.kindness　　 B.patience
C.honesty　　 D.calmness
解析：D　参见上题解析。
23.A.relaxed　　 B.annoyed
C.doubtful　　 D.reliable
解析：A　根据下文convinced myself that I had done an amazing job under the given circumstances可知，“我”立刻感到很轻松了。
24.A.supported　　 B.expected
C.missed　　 D.organized
解析：C　根据上文My parents wouldn’t be attending the musical.可知，妈妈的话让“我”很开心，“我”几乎已经忘记她没能参加“我”的演出了。
Ⅳ.读后续写
　　阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
　　I put one last box into the back seat and closed the car door.It felt as if I were closing the door on my whole life.At first， I was excited when Mom told me she’d gotten a fantastic new job at an animal hospital.Then， because she always saves the bad news for last， she told me the really terrible part.The hospital wasn’t in our city； it was miles away in the middle of nowhere.And I’m definitely not a country girl.
　　I stood beside the car， taking a last look at our building.To most people， it probably just looked like any other old apartment house， but I loved every brick.Just then， I saw my best friends， Hana and Leo， come to see me off.While Hana played a cool riff （重复乐段） on her trumpet （小号）， Leo sang， “We will miss you， Celia.” I hugged them tightly and jumped into the car fast so no one could see me tear up.As Mom pulled away， I waved goodbye to my friends， my neighbourhood， and my life.
　　We rode a while in silence， and I held my violin case for comfort.Leo， Hana， and I had been writing songs for our band， but that was all over now.“Don’t think of this as an ending，” Mom said， with her knack （技能） for reading my mind.“It’s an exciting beginning.It’s normal to be a bit anxious about unfamiliar things， but you don’t need to be afraid of them.” I kept silent and looked out the window as crowded， exciting city streets turned first into tasteless suburban shopping strips and then into endless， boring trees and fields of corn.We finally arrived at our new home， a two-story wooden farmhouse.Mom said I could go explore.Mom never let me go out alone in the city， so maybe a bit more freedom would be one consolation （慰藉） of living here.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
　　Feeling that country life might turn out okay， I wandered off， taking my violin with me.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　I couldn’t resist， so I took out my violin and began to play along.　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
参考范文：
　　Feeling that country life might turn out okay， I wandered off， taking my violin with me.Suddenly I heard something I wasn’t expecting — a beautiful， jazzy tune.I pushed through some corn only to come face-to-face with a cow.Then another hot jazz riff floated through the air.I turned around and saw a tall kid playing an old saxophone in a field of corn.His music was fantastic， and he didn’t dress the way I figured a country kid would.This guy was wearing clothes that made him look cool， like a famous performer.
　　I couldn’t resist， so I took out my violin and began to play along.The boy looked surprised， but he didn’t miss a beat.We played together， and by the end， a cow was tapping her tail to the rhythm.When we finished， we introduced ourselves to each other and became friends.We also decided to write songs together.I looked at my new friend， the cheerful cow and tall corn.I could feel my thoughts about country life already changing， and I had a feeling it would change a lot more.
17 / 17UNIT 3　Careers and skills
单元话题导入
　　本单元的话题是“职业和技能”。通过本单元的学习，可以帮助学生掌握未来职业发展趋势，培养对不同职业的尊重和理解，启发学生思考个人职业倾向和未来规划，促进学生的自我成长和全面发展。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。
servant， prejudice， earn a living， salary， career， consideration， attain， lawyer
1.Why do we work every day？ Some people think 　salary　 enables us to be financially independent.Also， some others think 　earning a living　 is not the only reason why we work.
2.To be honest， our goals can be 　attained　 and our dreams achieved by working. But most of all， I think， work also pushes the development of society. So， we should not have 　prejudice　 against any jobs. Whether we are scientists， 　lawyers　， doctors， public 　servants　 or others， we’re all making our respective contributions to the world.
3.We should take into full 　consideration　 our aptitude as well as our interest before making the final decision on our 　career　 path.A right career leads to success and happiness， while a wrong one may bring failure and disappointment.
1 / 1单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ◇自我评价 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词写对
1.　attain　 vt.获得；达到
2.　fond　 adj.喜爱
3.　prejudice　 n.偏见，成见
4.　consultant　 n.顾问；会诊医师
5.　budget　 n.预算
6.　loan　 n.贷款，借款；借出
vt.借出，贷与（尤指钱）
7.　client　 n.客户，委托人
8.　institute　 n.机构，机构建筑
vt.建立，制定（体系、政策等）
9.　label　 n.标签；（不恰当的）称谓
vt.贴标签于；（尤指不公正地）把……称为
10.　profile　 n.概述；形象；侧面轮廓
vt.概述，写简介
11.　criterion　 n.（pl.criteria）标准，准则
12.　shave　 n.刮脸，剃须
vi.& vt.剃（须发），刮脸
13.　mode　 n.方式，风格，样式
14.　infer　 vt.推断，推论，推理
15.　genuine　 adj.真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的
16.　duration　 n.持续时间，期间
17.　premier　 adj.最著名的，最成功的，第一的
n.首相，总理
18.　convey　 vt.表达，传递；传送；运送
Ⅰ.根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式
1.There were many servants　 in his house when he was young.
2.The company decided to expand its business and hire　 more workers.
3.It was becoming more and more difficult to live on his salary　.
4.The heavy rain caused a delay　 in the delivery of the mails.
5.A lawyer　 is a person who is qualified to advise people about the law and represent them in court.
6.Gently 　swing　 （摆动） your right arm in a clockwise direction.
7.Soon the rain stopped， the Sun came out， and a 　rainbow　 （彩虹） appeared in the sky.
8.All 　candidates　 （候选人） will be required to take a short test before having an interview.
9.I will 　seize　 （抓住） the golden chance to go abroad.
10.Don’t worry. The economic difficulties that we are facing now are 　temporary　 （临时的）.
11.This education is aimed at combining brain work with manual 　labour　 （劳动）.
12.We respected Bill’s 　superior　 （更好的） knowledge of the area.
13.You’ll be expected to 　justify　 （证明……正确） your actions.
二、拓展词汇用活
1.　passion　 n.酷爱；强烈情感→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱的
2.　anticipate　 vt.预料；预计→anticipation n.预料，预期；期盼，期望
3.　operate　 vt.操作，使运行vi.运转，工作；经营，营业→operation n.行动，活动；手术；操作→operator n.操作员；经营者；行家
4.　commercial　 adj.商业的，贸易的；盈利的；商业性的→commerce n.贸易；商业；商务
5.　detective　 n.侦探，警探→detect vt.发现；查明；侦查出→detectable adj.可发觉的，可看穿的→detection n.侦查；探测；察觉；发现
6.　qualification　 n.资格，资历；学历；合格，达到标准→qualify vt. & vi.取得资格（或学历）；使合格，（使）具备资格；（使）有权（做某事）→qualified adj.合格的，胜任的
7.　applicant　 n.申请人→apply vt.& vi.申请；涂抹，敷；应用，使用；专心致志→application n.申请；申请书；应用
8.　prior　 adj.在前的；优先的，占先的→priority n.优先处理的事，当务之急
9.　refreshed　 adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的→refresh vt.使变新；使恢复精力；使想起→refreshing adj.令人耳目一新的；别具一格的；使人精力充沛的；使人凉爽的→refreshment n.恢复活力；焕发精神
10.　rude　 adj.粗鲁的，无礼的，粗野的→rudely adv.粗鲁地，无礼地→rudeness n.粗鲁，无礼
11.　relevant　 adj.紧密相关的，切题的；有价值的，有意义的→relevance n.关联，相关性；意义；重要性→relevantly adv.相应地；贴切地
12.　firm　 adj.强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的 n.商行，公司→firmly adv.坚决地；坚定地；坚固地
13.　corporate　 adj.公司的；全体的，共同的→corporation n.（大）公司；法人→corporately adv.团结地，共同地
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.We had a woman patient who was recovering from a knee replacement 　operation　 （operate）.
2.Always make your presentation just a bit shorter than 　anticipated　 （anticipate）.
3.Stories like that are more common in parts of the world where multigenerational living is more 　firmly　 （firm） rooted.
4.Only people over the age of 18 are 　qualified　 （qualify） to vote.
5.All 　applicants　 who have 　applied　 for the job must hand in the 　application　 forms before next Monday.（apply）
6.These comments are not directly 　relevant　 （relevance） to this enquiry.
7.The air was pure and fresh， which made me feel 　refreshed　 （refresh）.
8.“It’s none of your business，” the young man said 　rudely　 （rude）.
9.Is the property or any part thereof used for 　commercial　 （commerce） activity？
10.　Detectives　 （detect） are hunting for thieves who broke into a warehouse yesterday.
11.The firm has close ties with an American 　corporation　 （corporate）.
三、重点短语用准
1.　earn a living　　　谋生
2.　be fond of　　　喜爱
3.　comfort zone　 　　舒适区，放松区
4.　weigh up　 　　权衡，斟酌
5.　put sth on the line　 　　让……处于危险之中
6.　swing into action　 　　立即行动起来，马上大干起来
7.　gain the upper hand　 　　处于有利地位，有优势
8.　prior to　 　　在……之前
9.　for the duration　 　　直到……结束，在整个……期间
10.　put one’s best foot forward　　　全力以赴
11.　in the direction of　　　朝……方向
12.　adapt to　　　适应
13.　be satisfied with　　　对……感到满意
14.　look back on　　　回顾
15.　make a list of　　　列出……的清单
16.　set off　　　动身，出发
Ⅲ.选用上面短语并用其适当形式填空
1.You have to 　weigh up　 in your mind before you make the final decision.
2.Both of them are competitive so no one could 　gain the upper hand　.
3.Mybe that’s why they 　are fond of　 the expression “Time is money.”
4.If you 　put your best foot forward　， you will be able to finish your job ahead of time.
5.The school was used as a hospital 　for the duration　 of the war.
6.This encouraged you！But 　look back on　 those days when you were the little child — how many times did you try when no one was watching， or when no one was cheering？
7.The sun was already up when they 　set off　.
8.You should 　make a list of　 all the jobs you have to do and prioritize them.
四、经典句式写美
1.句型公式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导的让步状语从句
教材原句：　Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be　 （不论我们有什么爱好，选择了什么职业）， work allows us the opportunity to be engaged in something we are fond of， and consequently， it can give us a great sense of achievement and satisfaction.
2.句型公式：“及物动词＋it＋宾语补足语＋真正的宾语”结构
教材原句：Our rapidly changing workplace 　makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills　 （让我们必须与时俱进，发展新技能）.
3.句型公式：“疑问词＋动词不定式”结构
教材原句：Today I’ll be talking about 　what to do　 （该做什么） if you’re asked to go for a job interview.
4.句型公式：状语从句的省略
教材原句：　When answering　 （回答时）， try to find the right conversational balance by giving all the information an interviewer needs to get a complete picture of you without talking too much.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.　Whatever happens　， you shouldn’t lose heart.
无论发生什么事，你都不应该丧失信心。
2.The constant construction noise 　makes it difficult for us to hear　 what you are saying.
持续不断的施工噪声使我们很难听到你在说什么。
3.Can you tell us 　how to get there　 in the shortest time？
你能告诉我们如何在最短的时间内到那儿吗？
4.　Although/Though built　 one hundred years ago， the building is still in use.
尽管是一百年前建造的，这幢建筑物仍然在使用。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
夯实素材储备·注重续写体验
情感描写 ①refreshed adj.恢复了精力的，精神振作的 ②genuine adj.真诚的，可信赖的；真的，名副其实的 ③passion n.酷爱；强烈情感 ④be fond of喜爱
动作描写 ①attain vt.获得；达到 ②hire vt.& vi.聘用，雇用；租用 n.新雇员；租借 ③earn a living谋生 ④weigh up权衡，斟酌 ⑤put sth on the line让……处于危险之中 ⑥put one’s best foot forward全力以赴
环境描写 ①firm adj.强有力的，坚决的；坚固的；坚定的；牢固的n.商行，公司 ②rainbow n.虹，彩虹
一、连词成句
　　根据教材语料中所给词汇及汉语提示翻译下列句子。
1.艾米（Amy）喜欢绘画，她的志向是成为一名伟大的画家。（人物描写；并列句）
　Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter.　
2.父母的离婚让她的梦想落空了。
　Her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line.　
3.在权衡利弊之后，她决定自立谋生以帮助母亲养家糊口。（动词-ing短语作状语）
　Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family.　
4.她辍学了，被雇用为一家公司的职员。（并列句）
　She dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk.　
5.她下定决心不会放弃她的梦想，业余时间她将坚持画画，全力以赴去实现她的目标。（心理描写；并列句）
　She is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.　
二、连句成文
　　用适当的过渡词将上面的句子合并成一个小语段。
　　　Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter. But her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line. Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family. So she dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk. But she is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.　
4 / 5Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
名词性从句复习
阅读下列句子并体会加蓝部分的用法。
1.As you start to make plans for what you want to do with your future， you might ask a question whether you should start your own business.
2.Another advantage is that you will be able to better provide for yourself and your family，or even the economy will benefit if you achieve commercial success.
3.It is no surprise that being one’s own boss is appealing to many people.
4.The fact that you have a passion for your idea will make it much easier to motivate yourself.
5.It is also important whether it should fit your skills.
6.Our final tip is that you should consider whether you want to make your business a solo one or find one or two partners.
【我的发现】
（1）名词性从句具有　名词　的句法功能，在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。通常使用　that　、whether或者疑问词来引导名词性从句。
（2）句3、句5为　主语　从句，句1（前半部分）为　宾语　从句，句1（后半部分）、句4为　同位语　从句，句2、句6为　表语　从句。
（3）句3、句5中使用了　it　作形式主语，而真正的主语从句置于句末。
　　名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
一、名词性从句的连接词
类别 连接词 用法
连词 that、whether、if （1）只起连接作用，在从句中均不充当任何成分； （2）that无意义；whether/if均表示“是否”
连接 代词 what、whatever、which、whichever、 who、whoever、whom、whomever、 whose 既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、表语或者定语
连接 副词 when、where、how、 why 既起连接作用，又在从句中作状语
1.that引导名词性从句的用法
（1）that只起连接作用，在从句中不作任何成分，本身在句中也没有含义。
That our team had won first prize made us very happy.
我们队获得了第一名，这使我们很高兴。
He told me （that） he would go to college the next year.
他告诉我他明年会去上大学。
John said （that） he was leaving for London on Wednesday.
约翰说他星期三要去伦敦。
（2）that在引导名词性从句时，常可省略，但在以下情况中，that不可省略。
①that引导的主语从句位于句首时，that不可省略；
②当动词后带有两个并列的宾语从句时，引导第二个从句的连词that不可省略；
③当that引导宾语从句前有it作其形式宾语时，that不可省略；
④that引导的从句作介词的宾语时，that不可省略；
⑤引导表语从句和同位语从句时，that一般不可省略。
The teacher told the students （that） they should hand in their homework the next day and that the homework must be signed by their parents.
老师告诉学生们要在第二天上交家庭作业，并且家庭作业必须由他们的父母签名。
We find it a big surprise that she is still alive in such a serious earthquake.
她在如此严重的地震中还活着，我们感到非常惊讶。
I didn’t tell him anything on the phone except that I needed the money.
电话里我什么都没有告诉他，只是说我需要钱。
The fact that he has fully recovered makes me feel good.
他已痊愈，真令我高兴。
2.whether/if引导名词性从句的用法
（1）whether、if引导的名词性从句是由一般疑问句或选择疑问句转化而来的，whether与if表示“是否”，只起连接词的作用，引导从句，在从句中不作任何成分。
（2）whether和if有时可通用，但在下列情况下，只可用whether：
①whether引导主语从句并置于句首；
②引导表语从句；
③whether从句作介词宾语；
④从句中有or not；
⑤后接动词不定式。
Whether we will go for a picnic tomorrow depends on whether it will be fine.
我们明天是否去野餐取决于天气是否晴朗。
The question is whether she should have a low opinion of the test.
问题是她是否应该对这次测试有较低的评价。
Everything depends on whether we have enough money.
一切要看我们是否有足够的钱。
Even though he is in a difficult situation， he hasn’t decided whether he will give up or not.
尽管他处境艰难，他还没有决定是否要放弃。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①He has made it clear 　that　 he will not give in.
②The news 　that　 we shall go to visit an exhibition is not true.
③But 　whether　 its name is really related to the city wall is still a question to be confirmed.
④The advice 　that　 a meeting should be held was favoured by most of us.
⑤I don’t know 　if/whether　 he still lives there after so many years.
⑥Give me your promise 　that　 you will come to our party this evening.
3.疑问词who、whom、whose、what、which、where、why、when、how引导名词性从句的用法
疑问词引导的名词性从句由特殊疑问句转化而来，它们的特点是：
（1）疑问词保留自己的疑问含义；
（2）疑问词在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语或状语；
（3）疑问词引导的从句一律用陈述语序，不能用疑问语序。
He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.
他没有告诉我我们什么时候会再见面。
Do you know whom they are looking for？
你知道他们在找谁吗？
That’s where she always is at this time of day.
每天这个时候她总是在那里。
4.whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever引导名词性从句的用法
whatever、whichever、whoever、whomever可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，并在从句中作主语、宾语和表语等。在此用法中，whatever、 whoever等在从句中通常不含疑问意义。whatever＝anything that、whoever＝anyone who。
Whatever you can do helps since your support is important to our work.
＝Anything that you can do helps since your support is important to our work.
你做的一切对我们都有帮助，因为你的支持对我们的工作很重要。
Whichever of the preventive measures benefits the public should be promoted.
＝Any of the preventive measures that benefits the public should be promoted.
任何对公众有用的预防措施都应该被推广。
The gold medal will be awarded to whoever wins the first place in the bicycle race.
＝The gold medal will be awarded to anyone who wins the first place in the bicycle race.
自行车比赛得第一名的人会获得金牌。
【即时演练2】　选词填空
who， whom， whose， what， where， when， how， whatever， whoever， whichever
①I will let my children do 　whatever　 they like.
②These shoes look very good. I wonder 　how　 much they cost.
③　When　 the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.
④Thank you for your gift！ It is 　what　 I have been longing for.
⑤The problem is 　who　 we can get to solve this question.
⑥　Whichever　 of you comes first will receive a prize.
⑦I’ll give the ticket to 　whoever　 wants it.
⑧I wonder 　whose　 book this is.
⑨This is 　where　 we found the boy who lives next to me.
⑩Have you decided 　whom　 you are to elect as your assistant？
二、it作形式主语或形式宾语的名词性从句
1.that引导主语从句通常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句末。
It’s a pity that you missed the film.
你错过了那部电影真是遗憾。
It is very important that a student （should） learn English well.
学生学好英语很重要。
It is suggested that the meeting （should） be put off.
有人建议会议延期召开。
It seems that they will win the game.
看起来他们会赢得这场比赛。
2.whether/who/what等疑问词引导主语从句时也常用it作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句置于句末。
It has not yet been decided who will do that work.
还没决定谁做那项工作。
It is still unknown which team will win the match.
还不知道哪支队伍将赢得比赛。
3.动词find、feel、consider、make、believe等后面的宾语从句跟宾语补足语时，常使用形式宾语it，而将真正的宾语从句置于句末。
I think it best that you should stay here.
我认为你最好待在这儿。
4.动词（如have、take “认为”、put“表达”、like、see to等）＋形式宾语it＋that从句。
I like it that you came.
你来了，我很高兴。
I take it that he will come on time.
我认为他会准时来的。
5.表示喜爱、憎恶等感情的动词（enjoy、hate、love、like、dislike、appreciate、prefer等）＋it＋when （if） 从句。
I like it when people are open and straight.
我喜欢人们开朗、坦率的性格。
I really appreciate it if she offered to help.
如果她能帮助我做这件事，我会十分感激。
三、名词性从句中使用虚拟语气的用法
1.在主语从句中用来表示“惊奇、不相信、惋惜、理应如此”等，谓语动词用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”，常用的句型有：
①It is necessary （important、natural、strange、etc.） that ...
②It is a pity （a shame、no wonder、etc.） that ...
③It is suggested （requested、proposed、desired、etc.） that ...
2.表示“建议、请求、命令、要求、坚持”等及物动词后面的宾语从句中谓语要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”，常用的这类动词有suggest、propose、insist、desire、demand、request、order、command等。
3.主语是suggestion、proposal、request、order等表示“建议、请求、要求、命令”等意思的词时，表语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”。
4.表示“建议、请求、命令、要求”等意思的名词后面的同位语从句中谓语动词要用虚拟语气“（should＋）do”。
It was suggested by him that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question.
＝He suggested that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question.
＝His suggestion was that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question.
＝He put forward a suggestion that we （should） hold another meeting to discuss the question.
他的建议是我们举行另一次会议来讨论这个问题。
【即时演练3】　单句语法填空
　①I think 　it　 necessary that we take plenty of water every day.
②I hate it 　when　 people talk with their mouths full of food.
③I have made it a rule 　that　 I keep diaries.
④It is doubtful 　whether　 he will come here.
⑤　It　 is quite clear that the whole project is doomed to failure.
维度一：基础题型练
使用名词性从句改写句子。
1.Along with the letter was his promise.He would visit me this coming Christmas.
→　Along with the letter was his promise that he would visit me this coming Christmas.　（同位语从句）
2.Many students are addicted to computer games.It has become a hot issue.
→　That many students are addicted to computer games has become a hot issue./It has become a hot issue that many students are addicted to computer games.　（主语从句）
3.Will ways be found to stop pollution？This is the question worrying the public.
→　The question worrying the public is whether ways will be found to stop pollution.　（表语从句）
4.He will leave home to make his fortune in big cities.But he hasn’t decided the time.
→　He hasn’t decided when he will leave home to make his fortune in big cities.　（宾语从句）
维度二：语法与写作
用名词性从句完成下列句子。
1.All the participants can get 　what they want　.
所有的参与者都可以得到他们想要的东西。
2.To practice as much as possible is 　where the secret lies　.
尽可能多练习是秘诀所在。
3.To start with， 　what I intend to stress is that　 we are about to start our next lesson next Friday.
首先，我想强调的是下周五我们将开始我们的下节课。
4.The possibility 　that pleasant smells might reduce pain　 has recently been suggested by new research.
近来新的研究表明，怡人的气味可能会减轻疼痛。
维度三：语法与语篇
阅读下面短文，用适当的连接词填空。
　　It was reported 1.　that　 there was an accident at the corner of Roman Street this morning.According to 2.　what　 the police said， a car ran into a truck but fortunately， nobody got injured.3.　Who　 will be responsible for the accident is still under investigation.The police were uncertain 4.　whether　 the driver was guilty or not.5.　What　 the police should do now is 6.　 that　 they must find out what led to the accident.They said it was difficult for them to judge because 7.　how　 the accident happened is not clear.Perhaps the reason was 8.　that　 the driver was too tired to stop the car in time.The driver didn’t admit the fact 9.　that　 he was breaking the speed limit at the turning.The police doubted 10.　whether　 what he said was true and decided to make a further investigation.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
　　Born in New York in 1918， scientist Gertrude B.Elion had an impressive career， during which she developed medicines to treat many major diseases.Elion spent her early youth in Manhattan.She attended senior high school and had， in her words， an unbelievable thirst for knowledge.
　　Motivated by the death of her grandfather， who died of cancer， Elion entered Hunter College at the age of 15 and graduated in chemistry at the age of 19.She had difficulty finding employment after graduation because many laboratories refused to hire women chemists.She found a part-time job as a lab assistant and went back to school at New York University.Elion worked as a high school teacher for a few years after finishing work on her master’s degree.
　　The start of World War Ⅱ created more opportunities for women.At the age of 26， Elion was able to get a job at Burroughs Wellcome & Company， where she began a 40-year partnership with Dr George H.Hitchings.Her thirst for knowledge impressed Dr Hitchings， and he permitted her to take on more responsibility.
　　Elion and Hitchings set out on a course of creating medicines by studying the chemical composition of diseased cells.Rather than relying on old trial-and-error methods， they used the differences in biochemistry between normal human cells and pathogens （病原体） to design medicines.In all， Elion obtained 45 patents on medicine and was awarded 23 honorary degrees.
　　In 1988， Elion received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine， together with George H.Hitchings and Sir James W.Black.She received other awards for her work， including the National Medal of Science in 1991， and that same year， she became the first woman to be inducted （使正式加入） into the National Inventors Hall of Fame.In 1997， she was awarded the Lemelson-MIT Lifetime Achievement Award.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了格特鲁德·B.埃利恩的求学经历和其令人印象深刻的职业生涯，以及她最终取得的成就。
1.What can we say about Elion as a high school student？（　　）
A.She had a satisfying part-time job.
B.She had a strong desire for learning.
C.She had a gift for chemistry at high school.
D.She made great achievements in chemistry.
解析：B　细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的an unbelievable thirst for knowledge可知，作为一名高中生，埃利恩有强烈的求知欲。
2.Why did Elion choose to study chemistry at college？（　　）
A.To meet her grandfather’s wish.
B.To find a good job after graduation.
C.To create medicines to treat diseases.
D.To be a chemistry teacher in the future.
解析：C　推理判断题。根据第二段第一句并结合下文她与希钦斯博士一起研究患病细胞的化学成分来制造药物可以推断，埃利恩选择在大学里学习化学的原因是：要创造药物去治疗疾病。
3.When did Elion start working for Burroughs Wellcome & Company？（　　）
A.In 1933.　　 B.In 1937.
C.In 1944.　　 D.In 1984.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第三段第二句可知，Elion 26岁时在Burroughs Wellcome & Company工作；根据文章首句可知，他出生于1918年。由此可以推断，埃利恩在1944年开始为该公司工作。
4.What does the author mainly tell us about Elion in the last paragraph？（　　）
A.Her later life.　　
B.Her honours.
C.Her interest in chemistry.　　
D.Her significant contributions.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据最后一段内容可知，作者主要讲述了埃利恩所获得的荣誉。
B
　　Born on her family’s farm in Ray， North Dakota， Mary Sherman Morgan had been helping her father with farm work before she could attend the small town’s schoolhouse.Being a few years behind didn’t hold her back and she graduated from high school with honours.Aware of her intelligence， she ran away from Ray to attend Minot State University as a chemistry major， where her skill was evident.
　　The outbreak of World War Ⅱ resulted in a national shortage of chemists and scientists.In spite of the fact that she was still a student and a woman， she was offered a job as a chemical analyst due to her talents， producing explosives （爆炸物） for the wartime effort.She put her degree on hold and moved to Ohio， taking on the dangerous job of analyzing unstable chemicals to produce weapons.
　　After the war ended there was a fall in demand for explosives， so she made a move to the field of aeronautics， moving to California to work for NAA （North American Aviation）.The only woman out of 900 engineers， she was soon promoted to a role which involved calculating the performance of rocket propellants （推进剂） and designing speciality fuels to work with different engines.However， never having returned to complete her degree， she was not afforded the rank or higher pay of an engineer， even though she had all the skills and knowledge of one.
　　Her experience with propellants meant that when NAA was tasked with finding a fuel capable of lifting the redesigned Redstone missiles into space， Morgan was appointed the technical leader on the project.National pride was on the line， so Morgan set about investigating fuels.After countless trials， she finally designed her own mixture， which was named Hydyne.
　　Hydyne was tested well with the Redstone missiles and subsequently other aircraft （航空器）， such as Jupiter-C rockets， proving to be a quick solution to getting to space without a total rocket redesign.The fuel made the first successful US satellite launch possible， even if Morgan silently slipped away from her success， retiring to focus on her family and leaving her chemistry career behind.
语篇解读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根的生平及其她为航空事业作出的巨大贡献。
5.What do we know about Mary Sherman Morgan？（　　）
A.She attended school while helping with farm work.
B.She was offered a job as a chemistry analyst after graduation.
C.She shifted her working focus as the domestic demand changed.
D.She launched the first US satellite before retiring from her career.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第二段内容可知，在二战时，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根从事武器的化学分析工作；根据第三段第一句可知，在战后，由于对武器需求的减少，她转而为北美航空公司工作。据此可知，由于国内需求的变化，她转移了工作重心。
6.What does the underlined word “aeronautics” in Paragraph 3 probably mean？（　　）
A.Analyzing chemicals.
B.Producing explosives.
C.Mixing and saving fuels.
D.Designing and building aircraft.
解析：D　词义猜测题。根据画线词后的moving to California to work for NAA （North American Aviation） 可知，玛丽搬到了加利福尼亚州为北美航空公司工作；结合画线词的前缀aero可知，她转向的是航空领域。因此画线词意为“设计和制造飞机”。
7.What made Morgan the technical leader on the project of NAA？（　　）
A.Her discovery of Hydyne.
B.Her rank as an engineer.
C.Her special knowledge in fuels.
D.Her sense of national pride.
解析：C　细节理解题。根据第四段中的Her experience with ...leader on the project.可知，由于她在推进剂研究方面有着丰富的经验，摩根被任命为项目技术领导者。
8.Which of the following words can best describe Mary Sherman Morgan？（　　）
A.Caring and determined. B.Courageous and creative.
C.Intelligent but sensitive. D.Accomplished but proud.
解析：B　推理判断题。根据第二段尾句可知，玛丽·谢尔曼·摩根暂时搁置了学位课程，到俄亥俄州从事危险的不稳定化学物质分析工作，据此可以推知，她很勇敢；根据第四段尾句可知，她进行了无数次试验，终于成功发明Hydyne，据此可以推知，她具有创造力。
Ⅱ.阅读七选五
　　The future is a land full of unknowns， especially with new technological developments and new job requirements that the future holds.So how can students prepare themselves for such a future？ 9.（　　）
　　Allow students to lead their learning.
　　Many teachers have a “my way or no way” attitude， which negatively impacts a student’s growth as a person and future team member within a company or organization. 10.（　　） They can help shape the class and even the syllabus （教学大纲）.Opening up to students， listening to their needs early on， and holding meaningful conversations together can create better future employees.
　　11.（　　）
　　Creating situations that encourage students’ curiosity is an essential practice for the brain.While curiosity can’t be taught， schools can bring it out of students in particular contexts.Extra-curricular activities can help students， for example， break out of everyday academic monotony （单调）.In this way， certain curious parts of the brain may be activated.
　　Encourage collaboration （合作）.
　　12.（　　） When different people are encouraged to get together and collaborate， unique ideas can become part of something bigger.Group projects push students to develop decision-making while also building a social setting where work can be done more effectively as part of a collaborative effort.
　　Help students develop effective communication skills.
　　Effective communication， either in oral or written forms， will be vital in the future workplace.The ability to fully exchange ideas can lead to better working relationships.13.（　　） Good communication is the key to opening a whole new universe of possibilities.
A.Make students curious.
B.Every person is unique in their own way.
C.Create an environment where creativity is valued.
D.Sometimes the solution can be simple： let students lead.
E.Learning how to fail can teach some critical and invaluable lessons.
F.Here are several ways schools can help prepare students for future jobs.
G.Therefore， teaching students to communicate effectively is simply a must.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学校帮助学生为未来做好准备的几种方式。
9.F　上文指出：面对充满未知的未来，学生该如何做好应对准备呢？下文介绍了学校可以通过四种方式帮助学生为未来做好准备，故F项符合语境。
10.D　空前一句指出：许多老师都持有一种态度：“只能听我的”，这种态度会给学生带来负面影响。空后一句说明了他们可以对班级甚至教学大纲产生重大影响。故D项（有时解决办法很简单：让学生占据主导地位）符合语境。设空处前一句中的negatively impacts与D项中的solution相呼应，设空处后一句中的They指代D项中的students。
11.A　下文主要说明了学校可以根据特定情境来激发学生的好奇心。例如，课外活动可以帮助学生打破日常单调的学习生活。故A项符合语境，A项中的curious与下文中出现两次的curiosity以及出现一次的curious构成原词复现。
12.B　空后一句指出：当不同的人被聚在一起展开合作时，多种独特的想法就能变成更大的成就。故B项（每个人都有自己的独特之处）符合语境，B项中的unique与设空处后一句中的unique构成原词复现。
13.G　上文说明了在未来的工作场所中，有效沟通是至关重要的。充分沟通想法的能力会产生更好的工作关系。故G项（因此，教会学生进行有效沟通是必需的）符合语境，与上文构成因果关系，G项中的communicate effectively与上文中的Effective communication相呼应。
Ⅲ.完形填空
　　Volunteering has been a way of life for me for the past five years since I was fifteen.
　　In 2020， I 　14　 with a newly founded social enterprise， which conducted cooking lessons for visually impaired （受损的） trainee 　15　.I absolutely loved it as it involved meaningful 　16　 with people and I was fully 　17　 throughout the entire time I was there.This was unlike some other types of volunteering， which may involve mostly behind-the-scenes work that can get 　18　 after a while.
　　We called ourselves “sighted assistants” and each of us was 　19　 with a visually impaired trainee chef.As a volunteer， I would walk with the trainee to the Enabling Village 　20　， and then ensure their 　21　 as they learned to cook a new dish.This included helping them 　22　 the position of the sink， ensuring proper use of electrical appliances， 　23　 boiling and hot objects， as well as being careful with knives among other things.
　　Being there with them made me truly 　24　 how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind.Every tiny task 　26　 massive effort.There are so many people with 　27　， I realised.While medicine still does not have the power to cure all of these conditions， we are never short of ways to empower these individuals by making life 　28　 and more meaningful for them.
语篇解读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章讲述了作者作为志愿者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪的经历，这段经历使作者领悟到一些道理。
14.A.met 　　 B.cooperated
C.started　　 D.volunteered
解析：D　根据第一段可知，在2020年，作者自愿加入了一家新成立的社会企业。
15.A.managers　　 B.volunteers
C.chefs　　 D.doctors
解析：C　根据下文中的a visually impaired trainee chef可知，该企业为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供烹饪课程。
16.A.interaction　　 B.appointment
C.greeting　　 D.conflict
解析：A　根据空后的with people可知，此处表示和人们之间的互动。
17.A.confused　　 B.engaged
C.surprised　　 D.disturbed
解析：B　根据语境可知，作者全程应是忙着的。
18.A.promising　　 B.frightening
C.challenging　　 D.boring
解析：D　根据常识可知，幕后工作应是很快就变得无聊了。
19.A.faced　　 B.compared
C.paired　　 D.equipped
解析：C　根据上文We called ourselves “sighted assistants”可知，作者作为助手应是为有视觉障碍的见习厨师提供帮助，即每个人都匹配了一名厨师。
20.A.lesson　　 B.enterprise
C.room　　 D.kitchen
解析：D　根据常识可知，作者帮助有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪，此处应该表示去厨房。
21.A.satisfaction　　 B.safety
C.pleasure　　 D.success
解析：B　根据下文可知，当有视觉障碍的见习厨师烹饪时，他们会遇到很多问题，而志愿者在身边会确保他们的安全。
22.A.leave out　　 B.miss out
C.figure out　　 D.point out
解析：C　根据空后的the position of the sink可知，此处表示弄清楚洗碗槽的位置。leave out不包括；miss out遗漏；point out指出。
23.A.avoiding　　 B.touching
C.approaching　　 D.feeling
解析：A　根据空后的boiling and hot objects及常识可知，此处表示避免接触沸腾和热的物体。
24.A.appreciate　　 B.imagine
C.predict　　 D.think
解析：A　根据空后的how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，通过此次志愿者经历，作者理解了视觉障碍者的生活是多么艰难。
25.A.temporarily　　 B.partly
C.accidentally　　 D.originally
解析：B　根据空后表示选择关系的or可知，和他们在一起让作者真正体会到当部分或完全失明时，生活会多么艰难。
26.A.simplifies　　 B.causes
C.takes　　 D.offers
解析：C　根据上文how difficult life can be when you are 　25　 or completely blind可知，失明使生活不容易，因此生活中的每一个小任务都需要巨大的努力。
27.A.disabilities　　 B.difficulties
C.determination　　 D.power
解析：A　根据文章内容可知，作者意识到有很多残疾人。
28.A.luckier　　 B.tougher
C.happier　　 D.easier
解析：D　此处与上文的how difficult life can be相呼应，作者认为我们不缺少方法让这些人的生活变得更容易。
Ⅳ.语法填空
　　For centuries， the measure of 29.　　　　　　 （perfect） in English craftsmanship fell to （成为……的义务） the country’s artisans.England’s reputation for excellence was built on their transformation of high quality materials into 30.　　　　　　 （fine） made goods ranging from clothing and furniture to pottery and metalwork.
　　This detailed method of production was the status quo for generations， but a major shift appeared： The Industrial Revolution.The shift towards mass production was 31.　　　　　　 turning point in history， but alongside the rise of factory work came the Arts and Crafts movement.It 32.　　　　　　 （lead） by artisans like English designer William Morris who fought 33.　　　　　 （maintain） the legacy of handmade goods.
　　Over a century after the Arts and Crafts movement provided a buffer （缓冲） against the domination of factories， a new wave of English craftspeople have taken up the job of 34.　　　　　 （produce） objects that bring that spirit of craftsmanship into the modern age.For example， in East London， Perrin & Rowe demonstrates the quality of 35.　　　　　　 （tradition） English craftsmanship combined with contemporary techniques.The brand’s brass fixtures （黄铜用品） are made in a factory where the processes are based 36.　　　　　　 techniques that involve nearly a century of expertise， such as the molten （熔化的） brass 37.　　　　　　 is still poured by hand into individual molds.By channeling the spirit of English craftsmanship through their products， 38.　　　　　　 （brand） of this kind are driving a larger movement focused on handcrafted quality.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了工匠精神在英国一直备受推崇。
29.perfection　考查词形转换。空处作介词of的宾语，故填名词perfection。
30.finely　考查词形转换。空处作状语，修饰made，应用副词，故填finely，意为“精巧地”。
31.a　考查冠词。设空处表泛指，且turning的发音以辅音音素开头，故填a。
32.was led　考查动词的时态和语态。根据语境可知，这场运动是发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时，又因It（the Arts and Crafts movement）与lead之间为被动关系，故填was led。
33.to maintain　考查非谓语动词。fight to do sth表示“努力做某事”，故填to maintain。
34.producing　考查非谓语动词。空处作介词of的宾语，应用动词-ing形式，故填producing。
35.traditional　考查词形转换。空处作定语，修饰English craftsmanship，故填形容词traditional，意为“传统的”。
36.on/upon　考查固定搭配。be based on/upon为固定搭配，意为“根据……，以……为基础”。
37.that/which　考查定语从句。空处引导限制性定语从句，指代先行词the molten （熔化的） brass，且在从句中作主语，故填that/which。
38.brands　考查名词复数。brand是可数名词，在此表泛指，且前面无冠词，句中的谓语为are driving，故填其复数形式brands。
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