资源简介

UNIT 2　Understanding each other
单元话题
　导入
　　本单元的话题是“相互理解”。通过本单元的学习可以帮助学生学会倾听他人、有效沟通，同时拓展国际视野，培养跨文化沟通能力，坚定文化自信并增进中外语言文化的相互理解与交流。
看图感悟语境，选词填空。
mail， tone， exchange， knowledgeable， encode， straightforward
1.A good relationship starts with 　　　　　　communication.Effective communication functions as the best way to understand each other.（The sender 　　　　　　a message and sends it face to face， or through video， telephone， 　　　　　　or social media.）
2.A 　　　　　　person usually pays attention to using communication skills， including making eye contact， listening carefully， showing respect， responding in a gentle 　　　　　　timely and so on.
3.Cultural 　　　　　　is a way of building bridges between countries and the main drive for humankind’s progress.
1 / 2Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
写一篇介绍“汉语热”现象的文章
　　本单元的写作任务是让学生写一篇介绍“汉语热”现象的文章。写作文体属于社会现象类说明文。社会现象类说明文指的是针对某种社会现象进行说明的文体，强调时效性、针对性、准确性、说理性和思想性。文章开头首先提出一种现象，然后分析这种现象产生的社会原因，最后得出结论，说明这一社会现象的影响和发展趋势，或者表达自己的观点。具体写作结构如下：
一、写作常用词汇
1.popularity n.　　　　普及，流行
2.estimate v. 估计
3.account for sth 是……的说明（或原因）；（数量上、比例上）占
4.enthusiasm n. 热忱，热情
5.economy n. 经济
6.provide access to ... 提供到达……的途径
7.show interest in 对……感兴趣
8.broaden one’s mind 开阔眼界
9.take Chinese courses 参加汉语课程
10.read Chinese newspapers and magazines 读汉语报纸和杂志
11.become more and more popular 变得越来越受欢迎
12.speak Chinese fluently/speak fluent Chinese 流利地说汉语
二、写作常用句式（注意加黑部分的表达）
1.In recent years， learning Chinese has become popular among people around the world， with the rapid development of China’s economy.
近年来，随着中国经济的快速发展，学习汉语在世界各地的人们中变得流行起来。
2.Several factors account for the enthusiasm for it.
有几个因素可以解释人们对它热情的原因。
3.Over 4，000 overseas universities offer Chinese language courses and it’s estimated that about 25 million people are learning Chinese outside China.
4000多所海外大学开设汉语课程，据估计，约有2500万人在中国境外学习汉语。
4.As China plays a greater role in global affairs， an increasing number of international students are beginning to know and appreciate China’s culture and history through this amazing language.
随着中国在全球事务中扮演着更为重要的角色，越来越多的国际学生开始通过汉语这一奇妙的语言了解和欣赏中国的文化和历史。
5.The Belt and Road Initiative strengthens ties between countries along the Silk Road， creating thousands of local jobs，which motivates more foreigners to study Chinese.
“一带一路”倡议加强了丝绸之路沿线国家之间的联系，创造了成千上万的当地就业机会，这激励了更多的外国人学习汉语。
6.With the continuous development of China， the popularity of Chinese learning will keep booming.随着中国的不断发展，汉语学习的流行将会保持蓬勃发展。
7.It is a natural phenomenon for people to learn another language with the aim of deepening international understanding.
人们为了加深国际理解而学习另一种语言是很自然的现象。
　　假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Tom注意到全球兴起了“汉语学习热（Chinese learning craze）”，写信向你询问，请你按照以下要点给他回复一封邮件。
　　1.“汉语学习热”的现象；
　　2.“汉语学习热”的原因。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Tom，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
第一步：审题谋篇，合理布局
第二步：遣词造句，规范得体
◎核心词汇
1.促成，造成　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.中国经济 　　　　　　　
3.投资 　　　　　　　
4.与……做生意 　　　　　　　
5.交流 　　　　　　　　
6.悠久而丰富的文化 　　　　　　　
7.激励某人做某事 　　　　　　　
8.持续繁荣 　　　　　　　
◎遣词造句
1.的确，越来越多的外国人在学习汉语。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.造成“汉语学习热”的主要原因有两个。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.首先，随着中国经济的发展，越来越多的外国人愿意在中国投资、与中国人做生意和周游中国。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.所有这些通过汉语交流能做得更好。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.悠久而丰富的中国文化激励着外国人更多地了解中国。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.可以预见，随着中国的不断发展，“汉语学习热”将持续繁荣。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第三步：词句升级，彰显文采
1.用动词-ing短语作定语改写句2
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.用非限制性定语从句合并句3和句4
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
第四步：检查誊写，连句成篇
Dear Tom，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
【即时演练】　
　　假定你是李华，学校将举办以“汉字之美”为主题的文化活动，请你邀请正在学习汉语的外国朋友Henry参加此次活动，帮助他学习汉字，了解中国文化。请你给Henry写一封邀请信，内容包括：
　　1.活动时间、地点；
　　2.活动内容，如观看汉字发展史电影、写古诗等；
　　3.参加活动的好处及学习汉语的重要性。
注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式作答。
Dear Henry，
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Yours，
Li Hua
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 2　Section Ⅲ
3 / 4Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
Effective communication
　　If you heard someone shout “Hey you！” from across the room， how would you react①？ Just these two words can carry a lot of information. [1]They could be interpreted as② a welcoming greeting from a close friend， especially if accompanied by a gentle③ smile.[2]When spoken by a stranger， they can function as a means of attracting your attention. [3]Much of what we communicate is dependent④ not only on the words we use， but also on how we use them. So， let’s look a little deeper into the topic of communication.
　　[1]该句为主从复合句，主句中的主语They 指代上文提及的these two words；从句是if引导的条件状语从句，if后面省略了they are，完整句子为especially if they are accompanied by a gentle smile。
　　[2]When spoken by a stranger是When引导的时间状语从句的省略，When后面省略了they are。
　　[3]句中what引导主语从句，作介词of的宾语；not only ...but also ...连接两个并列的成分。how引导宾语从句。第一个we use为省略了关系代词that或which的定语从句，修饰先行词words。
　　Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver.The sender encodes⑤ a message and sends it face to face， or through video， telephone， mail⑥ or social media. This message is then received and decoded⑦ by the receiver.[4]In response⑧， the receiver sends an encoded message back， which is referred to as⑨ feedback⑩.This feedback is decoded by the original sender and the entire cycle repeats itself until they have finished communicating.
　　This communication process can be challenging but， with practice and patience， you can become a highly competent communicator. [5]To accomplish this， you need to know with whom you are communicating.What is their age or position？ What is their relationship with you？ What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have？ [6]Once you have obtained this information， you can use it to determine how best to communicate with them.[7]Depending on whether you are communicating with a stranger， friend， family member or co-worker， you will need to decide which communication channel best suits the situation. Furthermore， you will need to determine the appropriate style to use and how complex your choice of words should be. For example， if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal， you should do it face to face， using formal language in a straightforward manner.
　　[4]句中which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词encoded message。
　　[5]动词不定式短语To accomplish this作目的状语；whom引导宾语从句，作介词with的宾语。
　　[6]Once引导状语从句，意为“一旦”；how best to communicate with them作动词不定式to determine的宾语。
　　[7]动词-ing短语Depending on ...作状语，Depending on后接一个whether引导的宾语从句；which引导宾语从句，作动词decide的宾语。
　　Your body language is equally important， since it reveals a lot about your thoughts and attitudes.Make sure it clearly supports the message you want to deliver.[8] A smile shows you are attentive to the issues being discussed， while looking away with your arms folded can indicate disinterest and create distrust or friction .[9]Additionally， you should not ignore the other person’s body language， which will give you clues as to whether the conversation is going well or not. When you notice a change in the other person’s body language， you should adjust how you are communicating accordingly. If someone looks at you with a confused expression， this could indicate that they have not completely understood your point. Then you will need to clarify your message before moving on.
　　[8]本句整体上是并列连词while连接的并列句，while意为“然而”。前一个分句中的宾语从句you are attentive to the issues being discussed省略了引导词that；后一个分句中动词-ing短语looking away with your arms folded作主语。
　　[9]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词body language；whether the conversation is going well or not作as to的宾语。
　　[10]While being knowledgeable about body language is vital， the value of empathy should not be understated . Seek to understand the other person’s emotions， by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.[11]Suppose you are discussing a project with your partner， who has just lost an important basketball game and is inactive. To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective， you may express your sympathy by， for instance， saying， “I understand how you feel ...” However， some issues may be complicated and you may be confused about why others feel the way they do.[12]Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.[13] You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from， which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly.
　　[10]While引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”，从句中动词-ing短语being knowledgeable about body language作主语。
　　[11]who引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词partner。
　　[12]“only＋状语从句”位于句首，后面句子使用部分倒装。
　　[13]句中where引导宾语从句，作动词see的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句。
　　Effective communication will enable you to settle differences and disagreements appropriately and improve your interactions with others.[14]Good communication skills will also help you build trust and gain respect， allowing relationships to become more positive and productive. So， get practising and good luck！
　　[14]动词-ing短语allowing relationships ... 作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
【读文清障】
①react vi.（对……）作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
②be interpreted as 被理解为……
③gentle adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的
④dependent adj.取决于；依赖的，依靠的
be dependent on 取决于；依赖，依靠
⑤encode vt.把……编码；把……译成电码（或密码）
⑥mail n.电子邮件；邮政；邮件
⑦decode vt.解（码），破译（尤指密码）
⑧in response作为回应，作为回答
⑨be referred to as 被称作，被称为
⑩feedback n.反馈的意见（或信息）
competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的
obtain vt.获得，赢得
depend on 取决于；依靠，依赖
suit vt.满足需要；相配，合身
n.套装，西装，西服
negotiate vi.& vt.谈判；商定，达成（协议）
enterprise n.公司，企业；规划，事业
straightforward adj.坦诚的；简单的
in a straightforward
manner 以直截了当的方式
make sure确保，务必
attentive adj.细心的；注意的；留心的
fold vt.折叠，对折；包，裹
n.褶，褶层，折叠部分
friction n.争执；摩擦；摩擦力
as to 关于，至于
clarify vt.使更清晰易懂，阐明
knowledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的
be knowledgeable about
对……很在行
empathy n.同感，共鸣，同情
understate vt.轻描淡写；避重就轻地说
put yourself in sb’s shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地
sympathy n.同情；赞同
account for sth 是……的说明（或原因）；（数量上、比例上）占
empathize vi.有同感，产生共鸣
approve vi.& vt.赞成；批准，通过（计划、要求等）
　approve of 赞成，赞同
at least 至少
tone n.语气，腔调；风格，特色
gain vt.& vi.获得；增进，增长；（从……中）受益 n.好处，利益
【参考译文】
有效沟通
　　如果你听到有人从房间另一头喊“嘿，朋友！”，你会有什么反应？仅仅这两个词就能承载很多信息。它们（这两个词）可以解读成来自亲密朋友的热情问候，特别是如果伴随着亲切的笑容。当一个陌生人这样说时，这句话可以当作吸引你注意力的一种方式。我们沟通的许多内容不仅取决于我们所使用的词语，还取决于我们如何运用它们。因此，让我们更深入地了解一下沟通这个话题。
　　沟通是一位发送者和一位接收者之间交换信息的过程。发送者对一条信息进行编码然后当面发送出去，或是通过视频、电话、邮件或社交媒体。这条信息随后被接收者收到并解码。作为回应，接收者再发回一条编码信息，这就是所谓的反馈。这条反馈再被原先的发送者解码，然后整个过程不断循环往复，直到他们完成沟通。
　　这一沟通的过程可能是具有挑战性的，但是经过练习且拥有耐心，你就可以成为一名技术高超的沟通者。要实现这个目标，你需要知道你在和谁沟通。他们的年龄多大或者职位如何？他们和你是什么关系？他们有什么期待、是什么文化背景？一旦获得了这些信息，你就可以据此决定如何最好地与他们沟通。根据你是否在跟一位陌生人、朋友、家人或者同事在沟通，你将需要决定哪种沟通渠道最适合当下的情况。此外，你还要决定使用何种恰当的风格，以及选词应该有多复杂。例如，如果你是一个商人，正在与一家大企业洽谈一笔交易，你应该面对面地，用正式的语言，以直截了当的方式进行沟通。
　　你的肢体语言同样重要，因为它可以透露很多关于你的想法和态度的信息。确保你的肢体语言明确地支持你想要传达的信息。微笑表明你对正在讨论的问题很关注，而双臂交叉、目光移开可能表明你不感兴趣，这样会造成不信任或导致摩擦。此外，你不应该忽视对方的肢体语言，它会为你提供线索，告诉你谈话进行得顺利与否。当你注意到对方的肢体语言产生变化时，你应该相应地调整你的沟通方式。如果有人用困惑的表情看着你，这可能表明他们还没有完全理解你的观点。然后在继续对话之前，你将需要进一步阐明你的信息。
　　虽然了解肢体语言至关重要，但是也不应轻视同理心的价值。通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理解对方的情绪。假设你正在和你的合作伙伴讨论一个项目，对方刚刚输掉了一场重要的篮球比赛，因而表现不积极。为了让他（她）专注到讨论中来，并且使你的沟通更为有效，你可以通过语言表达你的同感，比如对他 （她）说：“我理解你的感受……”。然而，有些问题可能是复杂的，你可能会对其他人为什么会有那样的感受或行为感到困惑。只有当你认真考虑他们的想法时才能了解他们为什么有这样的情绪，并与他们产生共鸣。你可能不赞成他们的想法，但至少你会明白这些想法从何而来，这意味着你可以相应地调整自己的语气和措辞。
　　有效沟通会让你妥善处理不同意见和分歧，改善与他人的互动。良好的沟通技巧也会帮助你建立信任、赢得尊重，让人际关系变得更加积极且富有成效。所以，开始练习吧，祝你好运！
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.What is the function of Paragraph 1？（　　）
A.To lead into the topic.
B.To show such a fact.
C.To tell a funny story.
D.To emphasize the importance of communication.
2.In order to be a highly competent communicator， what information should you obtain？（　　）
①With whom you are communicating？
②What is their age or job position？
③What is their relationship with you？
④What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have？
A.①②③　　　　　　B.②③④
C.①②④ D.①②③④
3.What does “ this ” refer to in the second sentence of Paragraph 3？（　　）
A.Practising communication.
B.Knowing who we communicate with.
C.Becoming a highly competent communicator.
D.Choosing the correct communication channel.
4.What can we learn from Paragraph 4？（　　）
A.Only your body language is important.
B.The other person’s body language should be ignored.
C.Both you and the other person’s body languages matter a lot.
D.Body language is entirely useless during the communication.
5.The author uses the example in Paragraph 5 to show 　　　　.（　　）
A.it is not necessary to show your sympathy
B.it doesn’t matter to lose the basketball game
C.you should discuss the project with your partner directly
D.you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words in such a situation
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
（1）名词＋en前缀/后缀构成动词
①code→encode vt.把……编码；把……译成电码（或密码）
②danger→endanger vt.危害；危及；使遭危险
③courage→encourage vt.鼓励，激励
④strength→strengthen vt.加强
⑤length→lengthen vt.使变长
（2）后缀-able结尾形容词集锦
①knowledgeable 博学的，有见识的
②reliable 可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的
③unbelievable 不可相信的；难以置信的
④available 可利用的；可得到的
⑤acceptable 可接受的；受欢迎的
⑥admirable 令人钦佩的；值得赞美的
⑦comfortable 舒适的；惬意的
⑧fashionable 流行的；时髦的
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
本文的语篇类型为讲座文稿。作者运用了下定义、排比、举例子、习语等写作手法增强了语言表达效果。
请从课文中找出对应句子。
（1）下定义：是一种用简洁明确的语言对事物的本质特征作概括的写作手法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（2）排比：是把三个或三个以上意义相关或相近、结构相同或相似、语言一致的短语、句子或段落成串地排列在一起的一种修辞手法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（3）举例子：是通过列举有代表性的、恰当的事例来说明事物或事理的写作手法。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
（4）习语，也称惯用语，是经过人们长期运用，已经相对固定的表达方式。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
react vi.（对……）作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应
【教材原句】　If you heard someone shout “Hey you！” from across the room， how would you react？
如果你听到有人从房间另一头喊“嘿，朋友！”，你会有什么反应？
【用法】
（1）react to　　　　对……作出反应，起反应 react （with sth） （与某物）起化学反应，发生化学变化 react against 反对；反抗 （2）reaction n. 反应；回应 reaction to ... 对……的反应 sb’s first/immediate reaction 某人的第一/即时反应
【佳句】　It’s your choice how you live your life — you choose how you react to situations and how people will affect your mood.如何过你的生活是你的选择——你来选择你如何对情况作出反应以及人们将如何影响你的心情。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①On hearing the news， my immediate 　　　　　　（react） will be to tell the police.
②The experiment shows how iron reacts 　　　　　　air and water.
③Children tend to react 　　　　　　their parents by going against their wishes.
④Reacting 　　　　　　body language is an important component of being a teacher.
【写美】　完成句子
⑤But when you share a story with your friends， you care a lot more 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
但当你和朋友分享一个故事时，你更关心他们的反应。
put yourself in sb’s shoes处于某人的境地，设身处地
【教材原句】　Seek to understand the other person’s emotions， by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.
通过设身处地从对方的角度看问题来试着理解对方的情绪。
【用法】
（1）be in sb’s shoes 处于某人的境地，设身处地 if I were in your shoes （引出建议）要是我处在你的境地，换了我是你的话 （2）step into sb’s shoes＝fill sb’s shoes/boots 妥善代职，接替某人的工作 （3）shake in one’s shoes 非常害怕（或紧张）；战战兢兢；心惊肉跳
【佳句】　If I were in your shoes， I’d go there with him.
如果我是你的话，我会同他一起去那里。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①If you were 　　　　　　my shoes， you would do the same thing as I did.
②When Bill’s father died， he had to step 　　　　　　his father’s shoes to support the family.
【写美】　完成句子
③If you 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， perhaps you’ll stop complaining.
如果你处于我的境地，也许你就不会再抱怨了。
sympathy n.同情；赞同
【教材原句】　To engage him or her in the discussion and make your communication more effective， you may express your sympathy by， for instance， saying， “I understand how you feel ...”
为了让他（她）专注到讨论中来，并且使你的沟通更为有效，你可以通过语言表达你的同感，比如对他（她）说：“我理解你的感受……”。
【用法】
（1）have/express/feel/show sympathy for sb 向某人表示体恤；对某人感到同情 out of sympathy （for ...）　 出于（对……的）同情 in sympathy with 同情；赞同 （2）sympathize v. 同情 sympathetic adj. 同情的，有同情心的 sympathetically adv. 同情地
【佳句】　All of a sudden， a warm feeling of sympathy rose up in my heart.
突然，我的心里升起了一股温暖的同情之情。（读后续写之心理描写）
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have no sympathy 　　　　　　Jane， for it’s all her own fault.
②Prices are low 　　　　　　sympathy with the general depression.
③My friends were very 　　　　　　（sympathy） when I lost my job.
【写美】　完成句子
④　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， the kind-hearted lady gave away her clothes and quilts to them.
出于对地震受害者的同情，这位好心的女士把她的衣服和被子赠予他们。
account for sth是……的说明（或原因）；（数量上、比例上）占
【教材原句】　Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.
只有当你认真考虑他们的想法时才能了解他们为什么有这样的情绪，并与他们产生共鸣。
【用法】
（1）account n.　　　　　　账户；描述 vt. 解释；认为是 take ...into account/consideration＝take account of ... 考虑…… open/close an account 开户/销户 of no/little account 不重要；无足轻重 （2）on account of 由于；因为 （3）on no account 决不（置于句首时，句子用部分倒装） （4）give an account of 对……进行描述
【佳句】　The brain accounts for merely three per cent of body weight.
大脑仅占体重的3％。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The flight was postponed 　　　　　　account of bad weather.
②Tom couldn’t finish his work on time， so his boss called him to account 　　　　　　failing to meet the deadline.
③　　　　　　 no account should we give up the plan， however difficult it is.
【写美】　词汇升级
④I sincerely hope that you will consider my suggestions.
→I sincerely hope that you will 　　　　　　my suggestions 　　　　　　　　　　　　.（应用文写作之建议信）
approve vi.& vt.赞成；批准，通过（计划、要求等）
【教材原句】　You may not approve of their ideas but at least you will see where they are coming from， which means you can make adjustments to your own tone and choice of words accordingly.你可能不赞成他们的想法，但至少你会明白这些想法是从何而来，这意味着你可以相应地调整自己的语气和措辞。
【用法】
（1）approve sth　　　　批准/通过某事 approve of 赞成，赞同 approve of （sb/sb’s） doing sth同意/赞成（某人）做某事 （2）approval n. 赞成，同意；批准，通过 meet with sb’s approval 得到某人的赞许 win/earn sb’s approval 赢得某人的同意/赞许/认可 give one’s approval to 赞成，同意；批准 meet with sb’s approval 得到某人的赞许 without the approval of　未经……许可 （3）approving adj. 赞成的，同意的 approved adj. 经核准的，被认可的
【佳句】　Now that you have approved of my idea， I will introduce it to you in detail.
既然您赞成我的想法，我就详细地给您介绍一下。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①You made a good decision， and I thoroughly approve 　　　　　　it.
②I approve of your 　　　　（try） to earn some money， but please don’t neglect your study.
③It is just three months since we received official 　　　　　　（approve） to go ahead with the project.
④His mother leaned forward and gave him an 　　　　　　（approve） look.
⑤An 　　　　　　（approve） export license is required before export can be made.
【写美】　同义句转换
⑥The mother didn’t give her approval to her daughter going out at night.
→The mother didn’t 　　　　　　　　　　at night.
Part Ⅱ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“not only ...but also ...”结构
【教材原句】　Much of what we communicate is dependent not only on the words we use， but also on how we use them.
我们沟通的许多内容不仅取决于我们所使用的词语，还取决于我们如何运用它们。
【用法】
（1）not only ... but also ... 意为“不仅……而且……”，用于连接两个表示并列关系的成分（如：主语、谓语、表语、宾语、状语），也可以用来连接两个句子，着重强调后者，其中also有时可以省略。 （2）not only ... but also ... 连接的两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要遵循“就近一致”原则，即谓语动词和but also后的主语保持人称和数的一致。 （3）not only ... but also ... 连接两个句子，且not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，但but also后的句子不用倒装。
【品悟】　Through this experience， not only did I get used to being independent， but I discovered my potential.通过这次经历，我不仅习惯了独立，而且发现了自己的潜力。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 against the plan.
不仅同学们反对这个计划，而且老师也反对。
②Not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but the craftsmen will also show visitors how to cut paper into different shapes on the spot.
不仅将展出各种剪纸作品，而且工匠们还将现场向参观者展示如何将纸剪成各种形状。 （应用文写作之中国文化）
③Practicing Chinese kung fu can not only build up one’s strength， but also develop one’s character.
→Not only 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， but also develop one’s character.
句型公式：“only＋状语从句”位于句首引起的部分倒装
【教材原句】　Only when you give serious consideration to their points of view will you be able to see what accounts for their emotions and empathize with them.
只有当你认真考虑他们的想法时才能了解他们为什么有这样的情绪，并与他们产生共鸣。
【用法】
（1）only放在句首修饰状语（通常是副词、介词短语或状语从句等）时，句子需要部分倒装。其结构为：only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/系动词be＋主语＋其他。 （2）“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。 （3）only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
【品悟】　Only when we match our words with actions can we make a difference in whatever we hope to accomplish.只有我们言行一致才能对我们希望完成的事情有所贡献。
【写美】　完成句子/句式升级
①Only then 　　　　　　　that I was wrong.
只是那时我才意识到是我错了。
②Only by understanding each other 　　　　　　　　　　　those days together happily.
只有通过相互理解我们才能一起开心地度过那些日子。
③The children can grow up mentally and physically healthy only in this way.
→Only in this way 　　　　　　　　　　　mentally and physically healthy.（倒装句）
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 2　Section Ⅰ
3 / 11Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
Borrowed words
　　“The restaurant’s fried tofu is delicious.” Is there anything special about this sentence？ Well， all the words except “the” and “is” are borrowed from other languages！[1]This comes as no surprise①， given② that English has borrowed words from more than 300 different languages， including Latin， Greek， French and Chinese.However， English is not alone in borrowing words from other languages—borrowed words can be found in almost all languages. For example， English words that are borrowed into the Chinese language include “bacon③”， “tank④” and “golf⑤”.
　　Word borrowing comes about⑥ when two cultures with different languages interact⑦.This tends to happen when there is no suitable word for an object or idea in the native tongue⑧. [2]This phenomenon⑨ has been occurring for thousands of years. In the current age of globalization⑩， when communications technology brings different cultures closer together， words are even more likely to be borrowed straight from the source language at a faster pace than ever before， especially those related to technological developments， such as “email” and “Internet”.
　　[1]句中given that用作连词，引导状语从句，意为“考虑到，鉴于”。
　　[2]本句的时态为现在完成进行时。基本结构是“主语＋have/has＋been＋doing ...”，表示谓语动词所叙述的动作行为由过去开始，一直持续到说话之时且有可能还会继续。
　　Though borrowing words has become faster， the process is still complex， and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech. At first， the borrowed word is only used by bilingual speakers.[3]It then spreads to people who do not know the original language， and they will change the pronunciation to fit the way they speak， almost unknowingly .[4]An example of this is the word “kung fu ”， which refers to Chinese martial arts. This word comes from Chinese gongfu. Over time， the sounds that are difficult to pronounce have been replaced with more familiar ones.[5]The longer a borrowed word has been in use， the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.
　　Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided， but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures. There are countries that make interventions to keep their native language pure in order to defend their identity. The French specifically have an official organization that creates new words in order to avoid borrowed words.[6]Some languages have an extremely small number of speakers， such as the Native American Navajo language， used only by the members of the tribe .Under this circumstance， it becomes a matter of survival for the native language to reject outside influences.
　　[3]本句是and连接的并列句。前一个分句中含有who引导的定语从句，修饰先行词people；后一个分句中动词不定式短语to fit ... 作目的状语；定语从句they speak修饰先行词way。
　　[4]which引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词kung fu。
　　[5]本句为“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”结构，意为“越……，就越……”。
　　[6]过去分词短语used only by ...作后置定语，修饰名词the Native American Navajo language。
　　[7]While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages， there are also other communities that readily welcome borrowed words.English， especially， is based on a mix of Latin， Greek and Germanic languages. The English-speaking community does not hesitate about absorbing foreign words into its daily vocabulary. In fact， there have never been any formal academic restrictions on new borrowed words.[8]Borrowing words allows the language to continue to develop， enabling the community to have a more efficient language which makes it possible for them to share their experiences with new-found ease.[9]It is also through those words that novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.
　　According to the linguist Edward Sapir， “It would be difficult to point to a completely isolated language ...” For better or for worse ， the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style .[10] The more international and globalized the world becomes， the more language characteristics will be shared between nations and cultures.
　　[7]While引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；that引导定语从句，修饰先行词communities。
　　[8]动词-ing短语enabling the ...作结果状语，表示自然而然的结果。
　　[9]本句为强调句，句式结构为It is ...that ...，用来强调介词短语through those words。
　　[10]本句为“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”结构。
【读文清障】
①come as no surprise 不足为奇
②given prep.考虑到，鉴于 （后接名词或that从句）
③bacon n.咸猪肉，熏猪肉
④tank n.坦克；（贮放液体或气体的）罐
⑤golf n.高尔夫球运动
⑥come about 产生，发生
⑦interact v.互动；相互作用；交流
interaction n.
交流；相互影响
⑧native tongue母语
⑨phenomenon n.现象
⑩globalization n.全球化
integrate vt.& vi. （使）合并；（使）加入
bilingual adj.会说两种语言的；用两种语言（写）的
unknowingly adv.未意识到地，不知不觉地，无意中
kung fu n.功夫
refer to 指的是
oppose vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒
intervention n.干涉行为，干预
intervene vi.干预，介入
pure adj.纯净的；完全的
tribe n.部落
reject vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异
rejection n.拒绝接受
（相信……）；否决
pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
be pessimistic about 对……感到悲观
be based on以……为基础/根据
Germanic adj.日耳曼语的；德国的
restriction n.限制，约束
novel adj.新的，新颖的，新奇的
linguist n.语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
isolated adj.孤立的；单独的；偏远的
for better or for worse 不管是好是坏，不管结果如何
tendency n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好
go out of style 过时
【参考译文】
外来词
　　“The restaurant’s fried tofu is delicious.（这家餐厅的炸豆腐真美味。）”这句话有什么特别之处吗？好吧，除了“the ”和“is”之外，所有的单词都是从其他语言中借来的！这并不奇怪，因为英语已从 300 多种不同的语言中借用了词汇，包括拉丁语、希腊语、法语和汉语。然而，英语并不是唯一一种从其他语言引入外来词的语言——几乎所有语言中都可以找到外来词。例如，被借用到汉语中的英语词汇包括“培根 （bacon）”“坦克 （tank）”和“高尔夫 （golf）”。
　　当不同语言的两种文化相互交流时，外来词就产生了。这种情况往往发生在当母语中没有合适的词来表达某个物体或某种想法时。这一现象已经延续数千年。在如今的全球化时代中，当通信技术使得不同文化更加紧密地联系在一起时，词汇甚至更有可能会以前所未有的速度直接从原语言中被借用，特别是那些与技术发展相关的词汇，如“电子邮件 （email）”和“互联网 （Internet）”。
　　虽然借词已变得更快，但是过程仍然复杂，新词需要一段时间才能融入日常用语中。起初，外来词只被双语者所使用，然后这个词会传播到不懂原语言的人那里，并且他们会在几乎不知不觉中改变外来词的发音，使之适应自己的语言习惯。这一过程的一个例子就是“功夫 （kung fu）”这个词，它指的是中国武术。这个词来源于汉语词汇“功夫 （gongfu）”。随着时间的推移，难以发音的部分被更为熟悉的发音所取代了。一个外来词使用的时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像本土语言。
　　虽然外来词是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果，但是一些语言群体反对从其他文化中吸收词汇。有些国家为了捍卫自己的身份，对外来词采取干预措施以保持自己母语的纯正。法国人专门有一个创造新词的官方组织，以避免外来词。有些语言的使用者数量非常少，例如美洲印第安人的纳瓦霍语，只有这个部落的成员使用。在这种情况下，拒绝外来影响关系着母语的生存问题。
　　尽管有些群体对语言之间的互借感到悲观，但是也有其他群体对外来词持欣然欢迎的态度。尤其是英语，它是基于拉丁语、希腊语和日耳曼语的混合体。英语群体毫不犹豫地将外语词汇吸收到自己的日常词汇中。事实上，他们对新的外来词从来没有任何正式的学术限制。借用外来词使英语得以继续发展，使得其群体拥有一种更为有效的语言，让他们能够以新发现的轻松状态分享他们的经历。也正是通过那些词，新思想的传播、不同观点的交流得以更加便捷。
　　语言学家爱德华·萨丕尔认为：“很难指出一种完全孤立的语言……”。不管是好是坏，借用外来词的趋势从未过时。世界越是变得国际化和全球化，不同民族和文化之间就会共享更多语言特征。
第一步：析架构，理文本脉络
Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks with suitable words.
　
第二步：精读文，达明察秋毫
Read the passage carefully and choose the best answer.
1.Why is the first sentence showed？（　　）
A.To show the sentence is indeed special.
B.To show English is difficult to understand.
C.To show that we had better not learn English.
D.To show that English is a language with many borrowed words.
2.Why does word borrowing happen all the time in the history？（　　）
A.It can meet the needs of mutual interaction.
B.It happens because of technological developments.
C.Words can be borrowed straight from the source language faster than before.
D.People in two different cultures like to communicate with each other.
3.What can we learn from Paragraphs 4 and 5？（　　）
A.The French are expert at creating new words.
B.Some languages with a small number of speakers will definitely die out.
C.Borrowing words are completely forbidden in some language communities.
D.In order to defend their identity， some language communities oppose borrowing words.
4.What is the author’s attitude towards borrowing words in English？（　　）
A.Pessimistic. B.Doubtful.
C.Optimistic. D.Indifferent.
5.Which column in the newspaper can you find the passage？（　　）
A.Economy. B.Culture.
C.Politics. D.Sports.
第三步：通词句，学语言表达
1.词汇学习——循规律，记单词
skateboard （n.滑板）是由动词（skate）＋名词（board）合成的名词。
合成名词构词法 例词
名词＋名词 weekend
名词＋动词 daybreak
名词＋动词-ing形式 handwriting
名词＋及物动词＋er/or painkiller
名词＋介词＋名词 editor-in-chief
动词＋名词 typewriter
动词-ing形式＋名词 reading room
形容词＋名词 gentleman
副词＋动词 outbreak
介词＋名词 afternoon
2.美句欣赏——赏佳句，品用法
举例子：举例子是通过列举有代表性的、恰当的事例来说明事物特征的说明方法。举例子的作用是使文章表达的意思更明确，更生动形象，使读者更明白，还可以增强说服力，引发读者思考。
请从课文第一段中找出此类用法的句子。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
integrate vt.& vi.（使）合并；（使）加入
【教材原句】　Though borrowing words has become faster， the process is still complex， and it takes time before new words are integrated into everyday speech.
虽然借词已变得更快，但是过程仍然复杂，新词需要一段时间才能融入日常用语中。
【用法】
（1）integrate （sb/sth） into ...（使某人/物）融进/加入…… integrate A and/with B 将A和B合并/融合 （2）integrated adj. 各部分密切配合的；综合的 （3）integration n. 结合；整合；融合
【佳句】　Integrating the kids with the community is essential.
使孩子们融入这个社区是非常必要的。
His music is an integration of tradition and new technology.他的音乐结合了传统和新技术。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It’s very difficult to integrate yourself 　　　　　　a society whose culture is so different from your own.
②The aim is to promote closer economic 　　　　　　（integrate）.
【写美】　翻译句子
③围绕某一题目写作有助于你将新知识和已有知识结合起来。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
oppose vt.反对，抵制；与……对垒
【教材原句】　Borrowed words are an outcome of language development that can hardly be avoided， but some language communities oppose adopting words from other cultures.
虽然外来词是语言发展几乎难以避免的结果，但是一些语言群体反对从其他文化中吸收词汇。
【用法】
（1）oppose （doing） sth　　反对（做）某事 oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事 （2）opposed adj. 反对的；对立的 be opposed to （doing） sth反对（做）某事；与……对立 （3）opposing adj.　对立的；相竞争的；相反的 opposite adj. 对面的；相反的
【佳句】　Although we were opposed to littering， some visitors ignored us and behaved badly.尽管我们反对乱扔垃圾，但一些游客无视我们，行为恶劣。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①The local residents strongly oppose 　　　　（build） a chemical factory in this area.
②She seems very much opposed 　　　　　　your going abroad.
③The senior students are strongly opposed to 　　　　　　　　（treat） unfairly by others.
【写美】　句型转换
④In order to protect the environment， I firmly object to using disposable chopsticks.
→In order to protect the environment， I 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
tendency n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好
【教材原句】　According to the linguist Edward Sapir， “It would be difficult to point to a completely isolated language ...” For better or for worse， the tendency to borrow words has never gone out of style.语言学家爱德华·萨丕尔认为：“很难指出一种完全孤立的语言……”。不管是好是坏，借用外来词的趋势从未过时。
【用法】
（1）have a tendency to do sth　有做某事的倾向 there is a（n） ... tendency （for sb/sth） to do sth（某人/某物）有做某事的倾向/趋势 （2）tend vt. 　　　照顾；照料 vi. 倾向；趋于 tend to do sth 易于做某事，往往会发生某事 tend （to） sb 照顾某人 tend to/towards 倾向于，趋于
【佳句】　He has a tendency to be optimistic when faced with difficulties.
＝He tends to be optimistic when faced with difficulties.面对困难时，他有乐观的倾向。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①It means that more heat energy tends 　　　　　　　　（trap） in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up.
②Personally， I tend 　　　　　　the second plan that you offered， because it is much easier than the first one.
【写美】　一句多译
③据报道房价在某些城市有下降的趋势。
→It is reported that housing prices 　　　　　　　　in some cities.（tend）
→It is reported that housing prices 　　　　　　　　　　　　in some cities.（tendency）
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
【教材原句】　While some communities are pessimistic about the exchange between languages， there are also other communities that readily welcome borrowed words.
尽管有些群体对语言之间的互借感到悲观，但是也有其他群体对外来词持欣然欢迎的态度。
【用法】
（1）（be） pessimistic about ...对……悲观的 a pessimistic view of life 对人生悲观的看法 （2）pessimism n. 悲观；悲观主义 pessimist n. 悲观主义者
【佳句】　He was pessimistic about his future， but since he got his new job， he has become very optimistic.他曾对未来感到悲观，但是自从找到新工作后，他变得很乐观。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①He was criticised for an excessively 　　　　　　（pessimism） view of life.
②You will never succeed unless you get rid of your 　　　　　　（pessimistic）.
【写美】　完成句子
③The doctors 　　　　　　　　　　　　　his chances of making a full recovery.
医生们对他完全康复的可能性持悲观的态度。
Part Ⅲ　重点句型解构
句型公式：“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”结构
【教材原句】　The longer a borrowed word has been in use， the more it sounds and even looks like the native language.一个外来词使用的时间越长，它听起来甚至看起来就越像本土语言。
【用法】
“the＋比较级 ...，the＋比较级 ...”意为“越……，就越……”，表示后者随着前者的变化而变化，前一个“the＋比较级 ...”通常相当于比较状语从句或条件状语从句，后一个“the＋比较级 ...”通常相当于主句。 （1）“the＋比较级 ... the＋比较级 ...”结构中，主句和从句的时态常用一般现在时或一般过去时。若主句的谓语动词用一般将来时，从句的谓语动词要用一般现在时表示将来。 （2）在意义明确的情况下，主从句都可以有所省略，特别是在谚语、俗语中。 The more， the better.多多益善。
【品悟】　The higher the ground is， the thinner the air becomes.
离地面越高，空气就越稀薄。
The more we do for the people， the happier we will be.
我们为人民做得越多，我们就会越幸福。
【写美】　完成句子
①Generally speaking， 　　　　　　　　an athlete trains before a match， 　　　　　　　he will win.
一般说来，一个运动员在赛前训练得越刻苦，他获胜的可能性就越大。
②　　　　　　　　　　 you read the book， 　　　　　　　　　　you’ll feel.
这本书你读得越多，你就越会觉得有趣。
③　　　　　　　　　　 the questions are， 　　　　　　　　he is able to answer them.
问题越难，他回答出来的可能性就越小。
④　　　　　　　 you read， 　　　　　　　you’ll gain.
你读的书越多，学到的知识就越多。
⑤　　　　　　　　 fish there are in the pond， 　　　　　　　　it is to catch one.
池塘里的鱼越少，就越难抓到一条鱼。
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 2　Section Ⅳ
6 / 8单元素养提升
◇本单元语法学了什么内容？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 ◇自我评价 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
◇本单元写作练了哪个方面？ 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
回顾单元知识·提高语言能力
一、核心单词写对
1.　　　　　　 n.公司，企业；规划，事业
2.　　　　　　 adj.坦诚的；简单的
3.　　　　　　 n.争执；摩擦；摩擦力
4.　　　　　　 n.语气，腔调；风格，特色
5.　　　　　　 vt.& vi.获得；增进，增长；（从……中）受益
n.好处，利益
6.　　　　　　 adv.有点，有几分，稍微
7.　　　　　　 n.干涉行为，干预
8.　　　　　　 adj.悲观的，悲观主义的
9.　　　　　　 n.语言学家；通晓数国语言的人
10.　　　　　　 n.食堂，餐厅
11.　　　　　　 n.比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争
vt.争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
Ⅰ.根据所给单词的首字母或汉语提示，写出单词的正确形式
1.As I ran up the stairs， my foot s　　　　　　 and I fell.
2.He didn’t receive the m　　　　　　 written to him because the address on it was wrong.
3.We’d better change another road because there is a traffic j　　　　　　 ahead.
4.Judging from his a　　　　　　， he is probably from Sichuan Province.
5.If you can improve your h　　　　　　， you will get a higher mark for your composition.
6.We need both positive and negative 　　　　　　（反馈的意见） from our customers.
7.We must read as much as possible to enlarge our 　　　　　　（词汇量）.
8.They sent some flowers as a gesture of 　　　　　（同情） to the parents of the child.
9.To 　　　　　　（获得） her degree， she answered 81 questions over 10 papers.
10.If you don’t know much about cars， take a 　　　　　　（博学的） friend along.
二、拓展词汇用活
1.　　　　　　 vi.（对……）作出反应；有不良反应，过敏；起化学反应→reaction n.反应；回应
2.　　　　　　 adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的→gently adv.轻轻地；温柔地；温和地→gentleness n.和蔼，温和
3.　　　　　　 adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的→competently adv.胜任地，适合地→competence n.能力；胜任；技能，本领
Ⅱ.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Kids with 　　　　　　（prefer） for the arts have a greater chance of finding employment in the future.
2.Language researchers say pronunciation and 　　　　　　（fluent） are the biggest barriers， followed by grammar in effective spoken English.
4.　　　　　　 vt.满足需要；相配，合身 n.套装，西装，西服→suitable adj.合适的；适宜的
5.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.赞成；批准，通过（计划、要求等）→approving adj.赞成的，同意的→approved adj.经核准的，被认可的→approval n.赞成，同意；批准，通过→disapprove vi.& vt.不赞成；反对；不同意→disapproval n.不赞成；反对
6.　　　　　　 adv.准确地，恰好地；细心地；正是，确实→precise adj.精确的；准确的→precision n.精确；准确；细致
7.　　　　　　 n.偏爱；偏爱的事物→prefer vt.更喜欢
8.　　　　　　 adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的→embarrass vt.使尴尬，使难堪→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的，令人难堪的→embarrassment n.尴尬，难为情
9.　　　　　　 n.意图，计划→intend vt.计划，打算
10.　　　　　　 vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信→correspondence n.一致，符合；通信联系；往来书信→corresponding adj.符合的，相应的，相关的
11.　　　　　　 vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现→behaviour n.举止，行为
12.　　　　　　 vt.容许，允许；忍受，容忍；能经受→tolerance n.容忍，忍受；宽容→tolerant adj.宽容的；容忍的，忍受的；能耐……的
13.　　　　　　 vt.吟诵；列举→recitation n.朗诵；朗读；逐一列举；逐个叙述
14.　　　　　　 adj.（尤指外语）流利的，熟练的→fluently adv.流利地；流畅地→fluency n.流畅，熟练
15.　　　　　　 vi.合作，协作；协助，配合→cooperation n.合作，协作→cooperative adj.合作的，协作的；同心协力的
16.　　　　　　 vt.拒绝接受，不予考虑；不录用；排斥，排异→rejection n.拒绝，否决
17.　　　　　　 n.趋势，趋向；倾向，偏好→tend vt.易于做某事，往往会发生某事
18.　　　　　　 adv.真诚地，诚实地→sincere adj.真诚的，诚挚的，诚恳的→sincerity n.真挚，诚心诚意
3.They were unacknowledged and 　　　　　　（reject） by others.
4.Quality counts less than attitude and effort—even stupid jokes can relieve others of risk and 　　　　　　（embarrass）.
5.It is not my 　　　　　　（intend） to point out the central theme of each of the plays in this collection.
6.In the past， there was often an automatic 　　　　　　（react） to increased traffic：just widen the roads.
7.As the small boat moved 　　　　　（gentle） along the river， he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.
8.This smart keyboard 　　　　　　（precise） measures the cadence （节奏） with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to each key.
9.A man should learn 　　　　　　（suit） ways to deal with life.
10.It found many youngsters now measure their status by how much public 　　　　　　（approve） they get online， often through likes.
11.All in all， I 　　　　　　（sincere） invite you to come to our school and see for yourself.
12.This shows how mankind cares for life， cherishes friendship， and recognizes the importance of 　　　　　　（cooperate） and mutual aid.
三、重点短语用准
1.　　　　　　　　 　处于某人的境地，设身处地
2.　　　　　　　　 是……的说明（或原因）；（数量上、比例上）占
3.　　　　　　　　 赞成，赞同
4.　　　　　　　　 拓展视野，开阔眼界
5.　　　　　　　　 担任，充当
6.　　　　　　　　 吸引某人的注意力
7.　　　　　　　　 面对面
8.　　　　　　　 参考；指的是
Ⅲ.选用左栏短语并用其适当形式填空
1.They have been working hard day and night， which 　　　　　　　　their pale faces.
2.　　　　　　　　　　　　 is of great importance when you have conflicts with friends.
3.I 　　　　　　　　your trying to earn some money， but please don’t neglect your studies.
4.If you 　　　　　　　　　　， you will naturally stop worrying.
5.A typical PDA can 　　　　　　　　a mobile phone， fax sender， and personal organizer.
四、经典句式写美
1.句型公式：“not only ...but also ...”结构
教材原句：Much of what we communicate is dependent 　　　　　　　　　　（不仅） on the words we use， 　　　　　　　　（而且） on how we use them.
2.句型公式：“the＋比较级 ...， the＋比较级 ...”结构
教材原句：　　　　　　　　 （时间越长） a borrowed word has been in use， 　　　　　　　　（就越） it sounds and even looks like the native language.
3.句型公式：强调句
教材原句：　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 （也正是通过那些词） novel ideas are spread and different beliefs are exchanged more conveniently and quickly.
Ⅳ.完成句子
1.The boy is 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
这个男孩不仅聪明而且很幽默。
2.　　　　　　　　 air there is inside the tyre， 　　　　　　　the pressure there is in it.
轮胎里空气越多，里面的压力就越大。
3.　　　　　　　　　　　　 I got to know Tom.
我正是在中国认识了汤姆。
整合话题元素·增强思维品质
夯实素材储备·注重续写体验
情感 描写 ①gentle adj.温柔的；温和的；柔和的 ②competent adj.足以胜任的，有能力的，称职的 ③knowledgeable adj.博学的，有见识的 ④sympathy n.同情；赞同 ⑤embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的 ⑥fluently adv.（尤指外语）流利地，熟练地 ⑦pessimistic adj.悲观的，悲观主义的 ⑧sincerely adv.真诚地，诚实地
动作 描写 ①obtain vt.获得，赢得 ②gain vt.& vi.获得；增进，增长；（从……中）受益 n.好处，利益 ③gesture n.手势，姿势；姿态，表示 vt.& vi.做手势，用手势表示 ④recite vt.吟诵；列举 ⑤slip vi.滑倒；滑落；溜；陷入 n.差错；纸条；滑跤
环境 描写 ①kindergarten n.学前班；幼儿园 ②contest n.比赛，竞赛；争夺，竞争 vt.争取赢得；争辩，就……提出异议
一、连词成句
　　根据教材语料中所给词汇及汉语提示翻译下列句子。
1.一天，一所幼儿园举行了一场演讲比赛。（被动语态）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
2.第一个走上舞台的人是一个美丽且很有能力的女孩，她的名字叫Rose。（人物描写；动词不定式；非限制性定语从句）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
3.她清晰且流畅地背诵了一首诗，充满了情感，赢得了热烈的掌声。（人物描写；动词-ing短语作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
4.就在那时，她滑了一下，摔倒了。（动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5.她感到尴尬和悲观，甚至想放弃。（心理描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
6.我向她做了一个手势，鼓励她继续下去。（动作描写；动词-ing短语作状语）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
7.令我欣慰的是，她站起来成功地完成了她的演讲。（动作描写）
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
二、连句成文
　　用适当的过渡词将上面的句子合并成一个小语段。
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
5 / 5学习讲义部分
UNIT 1　Honesty and responsibility
【单元话题导入】
1.virtues； reliable　2.truthful； responsible　3.principles
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.friend　2.appointment　3.realised　4.arrested　5.note
第二步
1－7　ADBDBDA
第三步
2.（1）The man in the doorway struck a match and lit his cigar.The light showed a pale face， with keen eyes， a square jaw and a little white scar near his right eyebrow.His scarfpin was a large diamond， oddly set.
（2）“It has given me everything I asked it for.You’ve changed lots， Jimmy.I never thought you were tall by two or three inches.”
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①was appointed　②to take　③to defend　④appointed　⑤Appointed as president of the university yesterday
2.①it　②on/upon　③to look　④reliable　⑤rely on it that
3.①being read　②listening　③is worth buying； is worthy to be bought； is worthy of being bought； It is worthwhile buying/to buy
4.①of　②suspicious　③suspect him to be ill
④Suspected of being involved in the attempted murder
5.①under attack　②under control　③under threat
④under arrest
Part Ⅱ
1.①to get　②on　③takes a keen interest in
2.①contacting　②with　③please contact Li Hua at　④keep in contact with
3.①innocently　②of　③innocence
Part Ⅲ
　①lay a river　②stands a tower　③came the final awards ceremony　④there lived a doctor　⑤lies our library， which is between the garden and the teaching building
⑥came the teacher’s sweet voice
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）条件　（2）时间　（3）地点　（4）原因　（5）结果
（6）让步
即时演练1
①as/when 　②before　③until　④when/than
即时演练2
①If you’re interested in the Chinese folk art
②Wherever he went　③Now that/Since you’ve grown up
④unless she asks us to
即时演练3
①as/though　②However； how　③that　④if
⑤if/though
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to　②from　③resignation　④handed in my resignation
2.①of　②shameful　③To　④a　⑤I’m ashamed to say that I lied to her.
3.①for　②forgiveness
③will forgive you for your being late
4.①disappointing　②to learn　③disappointment
④disappointed　⑤how disappointed she was
5.①to be　②to have known　③to be listening
④pretended not to know me
Part Ⅱ
　①about/at　②of
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.inform sb of sth　2.truth　3.make a decision/decisions
4.acceptable　5.lose hope　6.make the situation worse
7.depend on　8.positive attitudes
遣词造句
1.If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？
2.Some students are against it.
3.They insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
4.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.
5.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， and this will make the situation worse.
6.In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.
7.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.
第三步
1.Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.
2.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
第四步
　　If a patient is suffering an incurable illness， should he or she be informed of the truth？ Today our class have a discussion about it.
　　Some students who are against it insist that the patients should be informed of the truth of their illness， so that they can make proper decisions according to their health.Contrary to the above belief， some students hold the view that a white lie is acceptable.They worry that once told about their condition， patients may lose their hope， which will make the situation worse.
　　In my view， whether people should tell a white lie or not depends on what kind of person the patient is.If the patient has a strong will to live and a positive attitude， telling them the truth will be helpful to the treatment.But if the patient is the opposite， we had better not do so.
即时演练
Dear Anne，
　　I’m sorry to hear that you feel depressed now.What’s a white lie？ For instance， when someone cooks a meal for us that we dislike， we lie and say that the food is delicious.That is a white lie.
　　One main reason for telling a white lie is to make others feel better and another one is to give encouragement.If your friend asks you what you think of his singing， perhaps he wants some comments from you so that he can make himself improved gradually.But you may give him some encouragement and build up his confidence by telling a white lie.Besides， we may also tell a white lie when we want to protect others from bad news.Therefore， we may find white lies are well intended.So why not smile at a white lie？
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.opening　2.speech　3.importance　4.responsibility
5.society　6.first step
第二步
1－5　DBDAC
第三步
2.（1）A ship without an anchor is at the mercy of the waves and winds； likewise， a person who has no sense of responsibility is at the mercy of their own careless and thoughtless behaviour.
（2）However， just as the Chinese saying goes， “Jade is good-for-nothing if not carved.”
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①on　②merciful　③at　④It was a mercy that
2.①at　②with　③faults　④your failure is not your fault
3.①from　②discouraging　③discouragement　④Instead of being discouraged， he found himself filled with a sense of achievement.
4.①on　②up　③against　④weigh my words
Part Ⅱ
1.①meet the deadline　②before the deadline
2.①to　②guidance　③for
④With a local guide guiding us； A local guide guiding us
Part Ⅲ
1.①not when or where you were born， but what you are doing　②is responsible for the mistake
2.①so that the sports meeting had to be put off
②so that he knocked　③in order to； so as to
3.①Go to bed now or
②Give me one more hour； One more hour
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.diamond　2.collar　3.outline　4.arrest　5.wire
6.criminal　7.ward　8.mineral　9.superb　10.likewise
11.integrity　12.garbage　13.bonus　14.sow
Ⅰ.1.virtue　2.worthwhile　3.inches　4.cheat　5.Organic　6.deadline　7.fault　8.savings　9.guidance
二、1.appointment　2.reliable　3.suspect　4.legal
5.resign　6.guilty　7.ashamed　8.forgive　9.disappointed
Ⅱ.1.appointed； appointed； appointment　2.reliable
3.illegally； illegal　4.guilty　5.disappointed
6.forgiveness
三、1.tear down　2.make one’s fortune　3.lose contact
4.arm in arm　5.under arrest　6.at the mercy of sb/sth
7.weigh on sb/sth
Ⅲ.1.tear down　2.make his fortune　3.losing contact
4.arm in arm
四、1.In the doorway of a store stood a man
2.not long enough to change
3.Sow the seeds of success today
Ⅳ.1.lay some air conditioners
2.thick enough to walk
3.Use your head and
夯实素材储备
一、1.Tom comes from a poor family， and he is trying to obtain a scholarship to reduce the financial burden on the family.
2.Tempted by the scholarship， he cheated in the exam， which plunged him into extreme pain.
3.He felt that he should decorate his soul with virtue.
4.He determined to tell his teacher the truth.
5.The moment he came into the office， he bowed to his teacher saying that “I am ashamed of what I did. I only ...Please forgive me ...”
6.His tears were welling up his eyes.
7.The teacher was merciful.He understood Tom， forgave him and embraced him tightly！
二、
　　Tom comes from a poor family， and he is trying to obtain a scholarship to reduce the financial burden on the family. Tempted by the scholarship， he cheated in the exam， which plunged him into extreme pain. He felt that he should decorate his soul with virtue. At last， he determined to tell his teacher the truth. The moment he came into the office， he bowed to his teacher saying that “I am ashamed of what I did. I only ...Please forgive me ...” Then his tears were welling up his eyes. The teacher was merciful.He understood Tom， forgave him and embraced him tightly！
UNIT 2　Understanding each other
【单元话题导入】
1.straightforward； encodes； mail　2.knowledgeable； tone　3.exchange
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.how　2.cycle　3.style　4.message　5.adjust
6.interactions
第二步
1－5　ADCCD
第三步
2.（1）Communication is the process of exchanging information between a sender and a receiver.
（2）What is their age or position？ What is their relationship with you？ What expectations and cultural backgrounds do they have？
（3）For example， if you are a business person negotiating with a large enterprise about a deal， you should do it face to face， using formal language in a straightforward manner.
（4）Seek to understand the other person’s emotions， by putting yourself in their shoes and looking at the situation from their perspective.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①reaction　②with　③against　④to　⑤how they react
2.①in　②into　③put yourself in my shoes/are in my shoes
3.①for　②in　③sympathetic
④Out of sympathy for the earthquake victims
4.①on　②for　③On　④take； into account/consideration
5.①of　②trying　③approval　④approving　⑤approved　⑥approve of her daughter going out
Part Ⅱ
1.①Not only the students but also the teacher was
②will all kinds of paper-cutting works be on display
③can practicing Chinese kung fu build up one’s strength
2.①did I realize　②can we spend
③can the children grow up
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）逗号　1、3　（2）逗号　2、4、5、6　that
即时演练1
①which　②who/that　③whose　④that　⑤that
⑥that/which
即时演练2
①when I first met him　
②where states were often at war with each other　
③why my favourite sport is playing basketball
即时演练3
①to which the Greens are devoted　②As is reported in the newspapers　③when/on which I was admitted into a university　④some of whom will offer help to him
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to exercise/exercising　②surfing
③She prefers to walk to work rather than drive a car.
She would rather walk to work than drive a car.
2.①to visit/visiting　②is intended　③intention　④to study
⑤had intended　⑥intended for international students
3.①to/with　②corresponding　③correspondence
④we corresponded with each other
4.①to/towards　②behaviour　③on④behave myself before the guests
Part Ⅱ
①embarrassing　②embarrassed　③embarrassment④was very embarrassed to hear
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.contribute to　2.Chinese economy　3.invest
4.do business with　5.communicate　6.long and rich culture
7.inspire sb to do sth　8.keep booming
遣词造句
1.It is true that more and more foreigners are learning Chinese.
2.There are two main reasons which can contribute to Chinese learning craze.
3.Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China.
4.Of all these can be done better by communicating in Chinese.
5.The long and rich Chinese culture inspires foreigners to learn more about China.
6.It can be predicated that with the continuous development of China， the Chinese learning craze will keep booming.
第三步
1.There are three main reasons contributing to Chinese learning craze.
2.Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China， all of which can be done better by communicating in Chinese.
第四步
Dear Tom，
　　It is true that more and more foreigners are learning Chinese.There are two main reasons contributing to Chinese learning craze.
　　Firstly， with the development of Chinese economy， more and more foreigners would like to invest in China， do business with Chinese people and travel around China， all of which can be done better by communicating in Chinese.The long and rich Chinese culture inspires foreigners to learn more about China.That is another reason for Chinese learning craze.
　　It can be predicated that with the continuous development of China， the Chinese learning craze will keep booming.
Yours，
Li Hua
即时演练
Dear Henry，
　　Our school will hold a cultural activity themed “The Beauty of Chinese Characters” in the stadium on Tuesday. I’m glad to invite you to attend it.
　　There are a lot of events in the activity， including watching movies about the development history of Chinese characters and writing ancient poems and so on. Participating in this activity will make you more interested in the Chinese language.As is known to all， the Chinese language is playing a very important role in the world. Learning it well will help us to have a better understanding of Chinese culture.
　　Hope you can be present at this activity on time！
Yours，
Li Hua
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.Borrowed words　2.reasons　3.process　4.attitudes
5.Welcoming　6.gone out of style
第二步
1－5　DADCB
第三步
2.For example， English words that are borrowed into the Chinese language include “bacon”， “tank” and “golf”.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①into　②integration　③Writing about a topic helps you integrate new knowledge with what you already know.
2.①building　②to　③being treated　④firmly oppose/am firmly opposed to using disposable chopsticks
3.①to be trapped　②to/towards　③tend to decrease； have a tendency to decrease
Part Ⅱ
　①pessimistic　②pessimism　③are pessimistic about
Part Ⅲ
　①the harder； the more likely　②The more； the more interesting　③The more difficult； the less likely　④The more books； the more knowledge　⑤The fewer； the harder
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.enterprise　2.straightforward　3.friction　4.tone
5.gain　6.somewhat　7.intervention　8.pessimistic
9.linguist　10.canteen　11.contest
Ⅰ.1.slipped　2.mail　3.jam　4.accent　5.handwriting　
6.feedback　7.vocabulary　8.sympathy　9.obtain　
10.knowledgeable
二、1.react　2.gentle　3.competent　4.suit　5.approve
6.precisely 　7.preference　8.embarrassed　9.intention
10.correspond　11.behave　12.tolerate　13.recite
14.fluent　15.cooperate　16.reject　17.tendency
18.sincerely
Ⅱ.1.preference　2.fluency　3.rejected　4.embarrassment
5.intention　6.reaction　7.gently　8.precisely
9.suitable　10.approval　11.sincerely　12.cooperation
三、1.put yourself in sb’s shoes　2.account for sth
3.approve of　4.broaden one’s mind　5.function as
6.attract one’s attention　7.face to face　8.refer to
Ⅲ.1.accounts for　2.Putting yourself in their shoes
3.approve of　4.broaden your mind　5.function as
四、1.not only； but also
2.The longer； the more
3.It is also through those words that
Ⅳ.1.not only clever but also very humorous
2.The more； the greater
3.It was in China that
夯实素材储备
一、1.One day， a speech contest was held in a kindergarten.
2.The first one to come onto the stage was a beautiful and competent girl， whose name was Rose.
3.She recited a poem clearly，fluently and full of emotion， gaining warm applause.
4.Just at that moment， she slipped and fell down.
5.She felt embarrassed and pessimistic， and even wanted to give up.
6.I gave her a gesture， encouraging her to go on.
7.To my relief， she stood up and finished her speech successfully.
二、
　　One day， a speech contest was held in a kindergarten. The first one to come onto the stage was a beautiful and competent girl， whose name was Rose. She recited a poem clearly， fluently and full of emotion， gaining warm applause. Just at that moment， she slipped and fell down.She felt embarrassed and pessimistic， and even wanted to give up.I gave her a gesture， encouraging her to go on. To my relief， she stood up and finished her speech successfully.
UNIT 3　Careers and skills
【单元话题导入】
1.salary； earning a living　2.attained； prejudice； lawyers； servants　3.consideration； career
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.earning　2.attained　3.personal growth　4.health
5.make a life
第二步
1－5　ACBDC
第三步
2.At the most basic level， different types of jobs are like gears in a machine.They work to ensure that the machine we call “society” functions properly.
①The Sun is burning the Earth like fire.
②I reached out to touch her face， which was as cold as the ice.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①of　②fondly　③with　④on　⑤I’ve always been fond of poetry
2.①receiving　②anticipation　③in　④It is anticipated that
3.①on　②operator　③operation　④come/go into operation in May this year
Part Ⅱ
　①for　②with　③passionate　④be full of passion
Part Ⅲ
1.①whoever/no matter who you are talking to　②No matter what you say　③No matter which road you take
④Whenever I’m in trouble
2.①it no good reading in bed　②feel it pleasant to work
③makes it possible for us to travel around the world
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
（1）名词　that　（2）主语　宾语　同位语　表语　（3）it
即时演练1
①that　②that　③whether　④that　⑤if/whether　⑥that
即时演练2
①whatever　②how　③When　④what　⑤who
⑥Whichever　⑦whoever　⑧whose　⑨where　⑩whom
即时演练3
①it　②when　③that　④whether　⑤It
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.dream of　2.chef　3.meet people’s taste
4.advantage　5.broad horizons　6.create new tasty food
7.realize one’s dream　8.passion
遣词造句
1.I dream of being a chef in the future.
2.The chef makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.
3.I have some advantages to be a chef.
4.On the one hand， my experiences of travelling to different places provide me with broad horizons of food culture.
5.On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun.
6.However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream.
7.In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.
8.With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！
第三步
1.I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste.
2.On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture.
第四步
My Career Plan
　　I dream of being a chef in the future， who makes various delicious foods to meet people’s taste. I have some advantages to be a chef. On the one hand， it is my experiences of travelling to different places that provide me with broad horizons of food culture. On the other hand， creating new tasty food brings me a lot of fun. However， it’s not so easy to realize my dream. In order to be a top-class chef， I will need to work hard to learn more knowledge and keep on trying more.
　　With my great passion and efforts， I believe I can have a bright future！
即时演练
Dear Sir or Madam，
　　I am Li Hua， a college student.Knowing that volunteers are needed to teach foreigners Chinese， I am writing to apply for this position.
　　I’m convinced that I will be the right person for the position.To start with， not only do I have a good knowledge of Chinese， but I’m also fluent in English， which enables me to communicate with foreigners more easily.In addition， I’m quite familiar with some traditional Chinese arts like paper-cutting and calligraphy， thus giving me an opportunity to introduce Chinese culture to foreigners.Therefore， I think I’m qualified and suitable for the position.
　　I would appreciate it if you could give me the chance.Looking forward to your early reply.
　　 Yours，
Li Hua
【核心知识·巧突破】
　①to take　②for　③qualified　④qualifications
⑤am qualified for this job
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.what to do　2.job interview　3.before　4.during　5.after
6.one step closer
第二步
1－5　DACBA
第三步
2.（1）Asking questions not only gives you a better picture of the company， but also allows you to address any strengths you weren’t able to bring up naturally. For example， “Japanese was a minor subject I took and I know that expanding into Japan is part of your corporate plan.Will this position provide opportunities to work in emerging markets there？”
（2）①处于有利地位，有优势　②熟能生巧
③早起或早到的人　④全力以赴　⑤理想的彼岸
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①to join　②Applying yourself to the job in hand； Apply yourself to the job in hand， and you’ll soon finish it.
③There were over 500 applicants for the job.
2.①to　②priority　③to　④prior to planting
3.①relevance　②relevantly　③to
④turn in the relevant materials
Part Ⅱ
　①telling　②for　③to inform us in advance of his delay
Part Ⅲ
1.①what to do to keep calm　②which to buy hasn’t been decided yet　③how to cut paper
2.①when exercising　②as if painted yesterday
③When asked why he came here
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.attain　2.fond　3.prejudice　4.consultant　5.budget
6.loan　7.client　8.institute　9.label　10.profile
11.criterion　12.shave　13.mode　14.infer　15.genuine
16.duration　17.premier　18.convey
Ⅰ.1.servants　2.hire　3.salary　4.delay　5.lawyer
6.swing　7.rainbow　8.candidates　9.seize
10.temporary　11.labour　12.superior　13.justify
二、1.passion　2.anticipate　3.operate　4.commercial
5.detective　6.qualification　7.applicant　8.prior
9.refreshed　10.rude　11.relevant　12.firm　13.corporate
Ⅱ.1.operation　2.anticipated　3.firmly　4.qualified
5.applicants； applied； application　6.relevant
7.refreshed　8.rudely　9.commercial　10.Detectives　11.corporation
三、1.earn a living　2.be fond of　3.comfort zone　4.weigh up
5.put sth on the line　6.swing into action　7.gain the upper hand　8.prior to　9.for the duration　10.put one’s best foot forward　11.in the direction of　12.adapt to　13.be satisfied with　14.look back on　15.make a list of　16.set off
Ⅲ.1.weigh up　2.gain the upper hand　3.are fond of
4.put your best foot forward　5.for the duration
6.look back on　7.set off　8.make a list of
四、1.Wherever our interests may lie and whatever our career choices might be
2.makes it necessary for us to keep up and develop new skills
3.what to do
4.When answering
Ⅳ.1.Whatever happens
2.makes it difficult for us to hear
3.how to get there
4.Although/Though built
夯实素材储备
一、1.Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter.
2.Her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line.
3.Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family.
4.She dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk.
5.She is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.
二、
　　Amy is fond of painting and her ambition is to be a great painter. But her parents’ divorce put her dream on the line. Having weighed up the pros and cons， she decided to earn a living by herself to help her mother support her family. So she dropped out of school and she was hired by a firm as a clerk. But she is determined not to give up her dream and in her spare time， she will stick to painting and put her best foot forward to achieve her goal.
UNIT 4　Never too old to learn
【单元话题导入】
1.self-worth； verbal　2.inquire； cease
3.bound； educator； wisdom
Section Ⅰ　Welcome to the unit & Reading
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.understand　2.rapidly　3.environments　4.knowledge　5.mind　6.opportunities　7.improvement　8.cease
第二步
1－5　DDCBA
第三步
2.（1）Also， as the great educator Confucius stated， “When you know a thing， to recognize that you know it； and when you do not know a thing， to recognize that you do not know it—that is wisdom.”
（2）①Indeed， you may one day do jobs that do not yet exist， use technologies that are not yet developed and resolve problems that are not yet problems！
②Therefore， know what you know and use it； know what you do not know and embrace it； know that you will never know all there is to know and wonder at it.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①for　②in　③by　④with　⑤are bound to favour you
2.①resolution　②resolved　③resolved an early start； resolved on making an early start/to start early； made a resolution to start early
3.①with　②refreshment　③refreshed　④refreshing
⑤make us refreshed
4.①of　②into
③Whenever a customer would inquire about my book
5.①assumption　②It　③to be　④that
⑤Assuming （that） you are interested in it
Part Ⅱ
　①to　②subscription　③for
④subscribed to the view that
Part Ⅲ
1.①to be held the next day　②have anything to be taken to your son　③the only artist to achieve four number ones　④have the opportunity to ask any questions
2.①It was his best friend that/who　②Was it in the park that　③What was it that　④it was not until the early 19th century that
Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
【重难语法·要攻克】
我的发现
1、2　4　3、5　6
即时演练1
①SV　②SVA　③SVO　④SVP　⑤存现句　⑥SVOA　⑦SVOO
即时演练2
①but　②and　③and　④while　⑤so
即时演练3
①where the Yangtze River and the Han River meet
②Because I like it　③Whatever/No matter what I suggest　④as if/though nothing had happened　⑤when we’ll go to the zoo， but he doesn’t know
【核心知识·巧突破】
　①Occupied　②occupation　③Occupying themselves （in） making and selling popcorn； Occupied （in） making and selling popcorn
Section Ⅲ　Integrated skills
【典例体验·提素能】
第二步
核心词汇
1.as Bacon said　2.broaden our horizons
3.call on sb to do sth　4.be accessible to
5.make it convenient for sb to do sth
6.prefer　7.be supposed to　8.swing into action
遣词造句
1.As Bacon said， reading makes a full man.
2.Reading can not only broaden our horizons， but also make us clever and happy.
3.I am writing to call on all of you to read more.
4.Smartphones are easily accessible to people， and make it convenient for the young to read online.
5.Seniors prefer to read/show preference for these printed books.
6.You all are supposed to find a way to read.
7.Whatever book you like， and wherever you get it， it is of equal benefit as long as the book is of nutrition and suitable to read.
8.It’s time for you all to swing into action， ready to read more books.
第三步
1.Not only can reading broaden our horizons， but it also makes us clever and happy.
2.Smartphones are easily accessible to people， making it convenient for the young to read online.
3.These printed books are what seniors prefer to read/show preference for.
4.It’s time that you all swung into action， ready to read more books.
第四步
　　As Bacon said， reading makes a full man.Not only can reading broaden our horizons， but it also makes us clever and happy， so I am writing to call on all of you to read more.
　　With technology developing， smartphones are easily accessible to people， making it convenient for the young to read online， while these printed books are what seniors prefer to read/show preference for.Therefore， you all are supposed to find a way to read.Whatever book you like， and wherever you get it， it is of equal benefit as long as the book is of nutrition and suitable to read.
　　It’s time that you all swung into action， ready to read more books.
即时演练
Good morning， dear friends，
　　The advance of new technologies has changed our reading habits， but we still need libraries in the digital age.Here are the reasons.Firstly， in libraries we can search published books for more reliable information because we cannot make sure the information we find online is accurate.Secondly， in libraries we can enjoy not only comfortable seats but also a quiet space for deep thinking.Besides， when many people still don’t have access to the Internet， libraries are there for every individual in the community， free of charge.
　　To sum up， even in the digital age， libraries still have their advantages.
　　Thanks for your listening！
Section Ⅳ　Extended reading & Project & Assessment
【文本透析·剖语篇】
第一步
1.graduation　2.certificate　3.campus　4.assignment
5.projects　6.professor　7.preparation　8.ready
第二步
1－5　ABCDD
第三步
2.（1）I was happy and relieved， yet worried and anxious about the future.What was my first job going to be like？ This short walk was going to launch me into a whole new world.How would I manage？ Would I be able to carve out a career for myself？
（2）The campus was alive with people.Anxious parents and excited students were talking in small groups， carrying suitcases or walking in and out of dormitory buildings.I wondered if the first day of school was always such a circus.I took a deep breath and carried on into the heart of the campus.Little did I know that I was about to experience the best four years of my life.
【核心知识·巧突破】
Part Ⅰ
1.①composer； compositions
②is composed of； is made up of； consists of
2.①reference　②referring　③as
④is not allowed to refer to the notes
Part Ⅱ
1.①before he found water　②before you forget it
③had not waited long before　④It was not long before
⑤Before I could think of a reply　⑥It was three days before　⑦it’ll still be some time before
2.①did I have　②did they actually break
③had David arrived at the finish line when
④Never have I heard such a strange thing
单元素养提升
回顾单元知识
一、1.bound　2.objective　3.concrete　4.reasoning
5.prospect　6.institution　7.tablet　8.certificate
9.breast　10.dormitory　11.sneeze　12.draft　13.polish
14.cafeteria
Ⅰ.1.blank　2.abstract　3.paragraphs　4.composition
5.librarian　6.mature　7.curtains　8.drawer　9.motor　10.laptop
二、1.educator　2.resolve　3.refresh　4.criticize　5.inquire
6.register　7.subscribe　8.comprehension
9.assumption　10.occupation　11.qualify　12.competence　13.random　14.tight　15.reference　16.presentation
Ⅱ.1.qualified　2.refreshed　3.tightly　4.education
5.registration　6.comprehension　7.competence
8.occupies； occupation　9.assumed； assumption
10.presentations； presented　11.inquired； inquiries
12.reference； refer
三、1.be bound to　2.keep pace with sb/sth　3.subscribe to
4.in a flash　5.compose oneself　6.bounce ideas off sb
7.point out　8.reflect on　9.be responsible for
Ⅲ.1.are bound to　2.keep pace with　3.subscribe to
4.point out　5.reflect on
四、1.The ability to admit this
2.make yourself open to new knowledge and ideas
3.when I would walk out onto the stage to receive my degree certificate
4.Before I knew it
Ⅳ.1.his ability to do the job
2.make me nervous
3.when I reunite with you
4.before I go out
夯实素材储备
一、1.Having been told his father passed away，Tony’s mind went blank in a flash.
2.Regret and shame occupied him， tears streaming into his eyes.
3.He criticized himself for his previous naughty behaviour.
4.Gradually， he composed and refreshed himself.
5.He resolved to study hard to get a certificate earlier to help Mom earn money and support his family.
6.His professor and roommates believed he was bound to achieve his objective.
二、
　　Having been told his father passed away， Tony’s mind went blank in a flash. Regret and shame occupied him， tears streaming into his eyes. He criticized himself for his previous naughty behaviour. Gradually， he composed and refreshed himself. He resolved to study hard to get a certificate earlier to help Mom earn money and support his family.His professor and roommates believed he was bound to achieve his objective.
1 / 3Section Ⅱ　Grammar and usage
定语从句复习
阅读下列句子并体会加黑部分的用法。
1.Some people say that the UK and the USA are two countries that are separated by a common language.
2.I spent one term in the UK，where the greatest challenge was the indirect manner of speaking.
3.There were times when questions like “...would be met with the reply ...” ...way of communicating.
4.So polite， in fact， that they will sometimes say the complete opposite of what they really mean： a common opinion is “It’s not bad”，which usually translates as “It’s awful”.
5.Now， when speaking to Americans， who have a preference for the direct style， I found that I often failed to get straight to the point.
6.As my experiences clearly show， learning a language is just the beginning！
【我的发现】
（1）限制性定语从句指修饰名词、代词或名词短语的从句，对修饰的对象加以限制。在从句中，关系代词或关系副词前没有　　　　，如句　　　　。
（2）非限制性定语从句往往是对先行词或整个主句的补充说明，通常用　　　　与主句隔开，如句　　　　　　。　　　　　　不能用来引导非限制性定语从句。
一、引导定语从句的关系代词
1.引导定语从句的常用关系代词的用法
关系代词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
We’ll reach the sales target in a month which/that we set at the beginning of the year.
我们将在一个月内完成年初定下的销售目标。
However， because of poverty，Nolan has to leave high school and find a job， whose life is full of ups and downs.
然而，由于贫困，诺兰不得不从高中辍学去找工作，他的生活充满了起起落落。
This woman has set a good example to her son，who is a really lucky guy.
这位女士给她的儿子树立了一个好榜样，他是一个非常幸运的小伙子。
2.关系代词that和which的用法区别
只用that 的情况 先行词是all、much、few、little、everything、anything、nothing、none、the one等不定代词时
先行词被any、few、little、much、some、no等词修饰或被the only、the very、the same、the last等修饰时
先行词是形容词的最高级或先行词前有形容词最高级修饰时
先行词是序数词或先行词前有序数词对其进行修饰时
先行词既指人又指物时
主句是以who、which、what等开头的特殊疑问句时
只用which 的情况 在非限制性定语从句中用which不用that
介词后用which，不用that
Do you have anything that you want to say for yourself？
你有什么要为自己说的吗？
We should do everything that is useful to the people.
我们应该做一切有益于人民的事。
This is the smallest computer that can be found in the world now.
这是目前发现的世界上最小的计算机。
Which is the kindergarten that you used to be studying in？
你以前在哪个幼儿园上学？
I bought a great many books， on which I spent all my money that I saved.
我买了很多书，这些书花光了我所有的积蓄。
【即时演练1】　单句语法填空
①The hungry bear followed his nose to our camp， 　　　　　　was surrounded by a high wire fence.
②The man 　　　　　　is sitting in the front row is our English teacher.
③He lives in a big house 　　　　　　window faces the sea.
④Is there anything else 　　　　　　you asked me to do for you？
⑤This is one of the most exciting basketball games 　　　　　　my nephew has ever seen.
⑥The little problems 　　　　　　we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions.
二、引导定语从句的关系副词
关系副词 先行词 在从句中所作的成分
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词或抽象地点名词（situation、point、activity、case、stage等） 地点状语
why the reason 原因状语
I will never forget the day when （＝on which） we moved into our new house.
我永远不会忘记我们搬进新家的那一天。
Students should involve themselves in community activities where （＝in which） they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该参与社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
He didn’t know the reason why （＝for which） he was dismissed.
他不知道他为什么被解雇了。
【即时演练2】　完成句子
①The time 　　　　　　　　　　　　was a very difficult period of my life.
第一次见到他的时候，是我一生中非常艰难的时期。
②Ancient China was a place 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
古代中国是各诸侯国之间经常发生战争的地方。
③The reason 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　is that it has been giving me strength to face the challenges in my life.
我最喜爱的体育运动是打篮球，原因是它一直给我力量来面对生活中的挑战。
三、定语从句中关系词的选用
方法一：用关系代词还是关系副词取决于从句中的谓语动词。如果是及物动词，就要用关系代词；如果是不及物动词，则要用关系副词。
方法二：准确判断关系词在定语从句中所作的成分（主、宾、定、状、表），也能正确选择出是用关系代词还是关系副词。
关系词在从句中作主语、宾语、表语或定语时，应用关系代词（who、whom、that、which、whose、as）；关系词在从句中作状语时，应用关系副词（where作地点状语，when作时间状语，why作原因状语）。
The letter that/which I received yesterday was from my father.
昨天我收到的那封信是我父亲寄来的。
This is the mountain village where I stayed last year.
这是我去年待过的山村。
四、“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1.“介词＋关系代词”结构中介词的确定方法
方法一：根据从句中的谓语动词或主要的形容词确定介词。
方法二：根据定语从句修饰的先行词确定介词。
方法三：根据句子所要表达的意思确定介词。
The poor man has no house in which he can live.
那个穷人没有房子住。
I don’t know the reason for which he was late for school.
我不知道他为什么上学迟到。
This is the pilot by whom my son was saved.
这就是那位救了我儿子的飞行员。
2.“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句注意事项
（1）“介词＋关系代词”结构中的关系代词通常用which或whom。
Do you know the man with whom Mr Black talked just now？
你认识刚才和布莱克先生说话的那个人吗？
（2）关系副词where、when、why有时可以用“介词＋关系代词”替换，介词取决于先行词及“介词＋which”在从句中所作的成分，why只能用for which替换。
This is the house where I lived two years ago.
＝This is the house in which I lived two years ago.
这就是两年前我居住的那个房子。
（3）“不定代词或数词＋介词＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，说明整体中的一部分。
Last week， only two people came to look at the house， neither of whom wanted to buy it.
上周只有两个人来看房子，他们两个人都不想买。
（4）“the＋名词＋of which”或“of which＋the＋名词”可替换为“whose＋名词”，引导定语从句。
The house， the windows of which/of which the windows/whose windows were damaged， has now been repaired.
那所窗子遭到破坏的房子现在已经修好了。
五、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
和先行词的关系密切，如果省略，主句意义往往不完整 和先行词关系并不十分密切（起补充说明的作用，删除后不影响整个句子意义的表达）
主句和从句不用逗号隔开 主句和从句用逗号隔开
只可以修饰先行词，不可以修饰主句或主句的一部分 既可以修饰先行词，也可以修饰整个主句或主句的一部分
He is the man who came to see you yesterday.
他是昨天来看你的那个人。
The sports meeting was put off， which astonished us.
运动会推迟了，这让我们很吃惊。
2.as/which引导的非限制性定语从句的区别
as 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整个主句或主句的一部分 可放在句首、句中或句尾，意为“正如……，正像……”；从句的谓语动词多为see、know、expect、say、mention、report等
which 引导非限制性定语从句时，修饰整个主句或主句的一部分，也可修饰先行词 只能置于主句后，常译为“这一点，这件事”等；which引导的从句与主句之间常含有并列或因果关系
As we all know， smoking is harmful to health.
众所周知，吸烟有害健康。
He finished the task ahead of time， which is very important to us.
他提前完成了任务，这对我们很重要。
3.非限制性定语从句与并列句的识别
非限制性定语从句与主句之间常用逗号隔开，并且不能加入and、but、so等连接词。并列句一般由and、but、so、or等词连接。
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows， most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
＝He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows， and most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year.
他付给那个男孩10美元擦窗户，大部分窗户至少有一年没擦了。
【即时演练3】　完成句子
①Trading leather shoes is the business 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
皮鞋生意是格林一家致力于的事业。
②　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　， talks between the two countries are making progress.
正如报纸上报道的那样，这两个国家之间的会谈正在取得进展。
③I will never forget the day 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我永远不会忘记我被大学录取的那一天。
④He has a lot of friends， 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　when he is in trouble.
他有许多朋友，当他遇到麻烦时有一些朋友会给他提供帮助。
Part Ⅰ　核心词汇集释
preference n.偏爱；偏爱的事物
【教材原句】　Now， when speaking to Americans， who have a preference for the direct style， I found that I often failed to get straight to the point.
现在，当我与偏爱直接风格的美国人交谈时，我发现我常常无法直接切入要点。
【用法】
（1）have/show a preference for　　　　　　　　　喜好……，偏爱…… （2）prefer v. 较喜欢，更喜欢 prefer to do/doing sth 更喜欢做某事 prefer sb to do sth 宁愿某人做某事 宁愿做某事而不愿做某事
【佳句】　I like pop music while my sister has a preference for classic music.
我喜欢流行音乐，而我妹妹偏爱古典音乐。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I prefer 　　　　　　　　　　（exercise） at home， and it seems that I am always going on a diet.
②Nowadays a lot of teenagers prefer 　　　　　　（surf） the Internet at home to taking exercise outdoors.
【写美】　一句多译
③她宁愿步行去上班也不愿开车。
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（prefer to do ...rather than do ...）
→　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　
　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　（would rather do ...than do ...）
intention n.意图，计划
【教材原句】　Those who break taboos are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hurting others， and the situation will also be awkward for the people around them.
那些打破禁忌的人可能会感到沮丧或尴尬，即使他们无意伤害其他人，这种情况也会让周围的人感到尴尬。
【用法】
（1）have no intention of doing sth　　　　　　　　不打算做某事 with the intention of doing/to do ... 抱有做……的目的/打算 （2）intend v. 打算；计划；想要 intend to do/doing sth 打算/想要做某事 intend sb to do sth 　打算让某人做某事 had intended to do ...＝intended to have done ... 原本打算做…… be intended for 打算为……所用，专为……而设计的
【佳句】　I start every summer with the best of intentions： to attack one big book from the past， a classic that I was supposed to have read when young and ambitious.
每年夏天， 我都抱有最好的打算：去读一本古书，一本我年轻而雄心勃勃时就应该读的经典之作。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I intended 　　　　　　　　（visit） him， but I was afraid I would disturb him.
②This book 　　　　　　　　（intend） for primary and middle school students， aged between 6 and 18.
③We come here with the 　　　　　　（intend） of getting knowledge.
④His father intended him 　　　　　　　　（study） medicine but he decided to join the army.
⑤I 　　　　　　　　（intend） to visit you last night， but it rained.
【写美】　句式升级
⑥The university is known for its language and culture courses which are intended for international students.
→The university is known for its language and culture courses 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.（分词作定语）
correspond vi.类似于；相一致，符合；通信
【教材原句】　This is because the word that corresponds to “umbrella” in Chinese sounds like another Chinese word which means “to separate”.
这是因为汉语中与“伞”对应的单词听起来像另一个汉语单词，意思是“分开”。
【用法】
（1）correspond to/with　和……相一致，相符合 correspond with sb 和某人通信 （2）correspondence n. 一致，符合；通信联系；来往信件 in correspondence with 与……有通信联系；与……一致 （3）corresponding adj. 符合的；相应的；相关的
【佳句】　I corresponded with Mary in the past several months when she took care of my mother.在玛丽照顾我母亲的这几个月里，我和她一直通信。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I have to inform you that the goods do not correspond 　　　　　　the samples you sent me.
②All rights carry with them 　　　　　　（correspond） responsibilities.
③What she has just said isn’t in 　　　　　　（correspond） with the views of the majority.
【写美】　完成句子
④The way 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　went from letters to emails.
我们彼此通信的方式从书信变成邮件。
behave vi.& vt.表现得体，有礼貌；表现
【教材原句】　If you know what to avoid and how to behave， you will spare yourself embarrassment.
如果你知道避免什么和如何表现得体，你就会使自己免于尴尬。
【用法】
（1）behave well/badly to/towards sb　　　对待某人好/差 behave oneself 守规矩；表现得体 （2）well-behaved adj. 表现好的 badly-behaved adj. 表现差的 （3）behaviour n. 举止，行为 be on one’s best behaviour 尽量表现得体
【佳句】　Students should be encouraged to develop good habits and better behave themselves.应当鼓励学生养成良好的习惯，表现更加得体。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①They behaved badly 　　　　　　me at the party， which made me very angry.
②It is not right for some parents to control the 　　　　　　（behave） of their children.
③You’d better be 　　　　　　your best behaviour or else you’ll be in deep trouble when Mom gets home.
【写美】　完成句子
④My mother asked me to 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　.
我母亲要求我在客人面前举止得体。
Part Ⅱ　中频词汇特训
embarrassed adj.窘迫的，尴尬的；拮据的
【教材原句】　Those who break taboos are likely to feel upset or embarrassed even if they have no intention of hurting others， and the situation will also be awkward for the people around them.
那些打破禁忌的人可能会感到沮丧或尴尬，即使他们无意伤害其他人，这种情况也会让周围的人感到尴尬。
【用法】
（1）be embarrassed to do sth 做某事而感到尴尬 be embarrassed about/at sth 因某事而窘迫 （2）embarrass vt.　　使窘迫，使尴尬 （3）embarrassing adj. 让人难堪（尴尬、害羞）的 （4）embarrassment n. 窘迫，难堪；使人为难的处境 to one’s embarrassment 使某人感到尴尬的是
【佳句】　The embarrassing occasion embarrassed him so much that he felt very embarrassed and an embarrassed expression appeared on his face.
这个尴尬的场合使他很尴尬，他感到非常尴尬，他脸上露出了尴尬的表情。
【练透】　单句语法填空
①I would have liked him to give me a hand， but found it 　　　　　　（embarrass） to ask.
②The girl felt 　　　　　　（embarrass） at being the centre of attention.
③To avoid the 　　　　　　（embarrass）， the girl pretended that nothing had happened and continued working on her computer.
【写美】　完成句子
④He 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　people speak so highly of him.
他听见别人这样赞扬他，感到很尴尬。
提示：完成课后作业　UNIT 2　Section Ⅱ
8 / 8

展开更多......

收起↑