资源简介 新课程标准明确指出四选一阅读主要考查考生理解书面语篇的能力,其中既包括对语篇内容、语篇结构的理解和把握,也包括对语篇内容的分析、阐释和评价。要求考生能判断和识别书面语篇的意图,获取其中的重要信息和观点;能识别语篇中的主要事实与观点之间的逻辑关系,理解语篇反映的文化背景;能推断语篇中的隐含意义;能识别语篇中的内容要点和相应支撑论据;能根据定义线索,理解概念性词汇或术语;能理解文本信息与非文本信息的关系。卷别 年份 篇目 体裁 主题 题目类型 词数细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意新课标Ⅰ 2025 A 说明文 人与自然:交通领域的碳排放情况以及应对方案 2 1 0 0 331B 记叙文 人与自我:一位写作教师的教学认知突破之旅 1 2 1 0 310C 议论文 人与社会:汽车主导的城市规划 vs行人友好的生活空间诉求 1 2 0 1 322D 说明文 人与自然:微塑料污染及应对方法 1 3 0 0 3352024 A 应用文 人与社会:生物栖息地修复小组志愿者招募 3 0 0 0 221B 记叙文 人与自然:中西医结合治疗动物 1 2 0 1 309C 说明文 人与社会:纸质阅读与数字阅读 1 2 1 0 353D 说明文 人与自然:目前生物多样性记录存在偏差 1 3 0 0 3802023 A 应用文 人与社会:自行车租赁和城市导览游 2 1 0 0 219B 记叙文 人与自然:设计生态机器 2 2 0 0 343C 说明文 人与自我:数字极简主义生活方式 1 2 1 0 324D 说明文 人与社会:“群体智慧”效应 1 2 0 1 344新课标Ⅱ 2025 A 应用文 人与社会:四个值得一游的英国集贸小镇 2 1 0 0 268B 记叙文 人与社会:医院教师帮助患病学生继续课业学习 2 1 1 0 314C 说明文 人与自然:室内绿植的积极影响 0 3 0 1 271D 说明文 人与社会:Blue Hill餐厅的wastED 实验 1 2 0 1 3502024 A 应用文 人与自我:卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案 3 0 0 0 310B 新闻 报道 人与社会:自助服务亭 2 2 0 0 287C 说明文 人与社会:巴比伦微农场 2 1 0 1 271D 说明文 人与社会:介绍AI by Design这本书 2 1 1 0 3352023 A 应用文 人与自然:护林员项目 3 0 0 0 249B 记叙文 人与自我:校园菜园项目 1 2 0 1 290C 说明文 人与社会:介绍Reading Art这本书 1 2 1 0 336D 说明文 人与自然:城市自然景观对人的影响 1 3 0 0 3291.文章题材丰富。高考英语试卷中的所有语篇都紧扣“人与自我”“人与社会”以及“人与自然”三大主题语境,题材涉及故事、科学知识、自然景观、社会现象、文化活动等。2.短文体裁广泛。短文体裁包括应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文、新闻报道等,说明文占比较高。3.题型分布多样。近三年新课标卷的四选一阅读突出考查考生理解和运用语言知识解决问题的基本能力,以考查细节理解、推理判断为主,以考查词句猜测、主旨大意为辅。预测1 文章题材专业化。2026年高考阅读试题将会继续出现文学、艺术、历史、金融、前沿科技、生物、医学等主题情境中专业性较强的文章。因此,在备考过程中考生需要接触不同类型的语篇,拓展思维、缩小信息差,从而突破阅读障碍,提升阅读能力。预测2 词句难度平稳递增。阅读文本及选项中越来越多地出现不超纲的“超纲词”(通过构词法合成或派生而来的新词、熟词生义词等),使阅读难度增加。长句难句会频繁出现,使得阅读文本复杂难懂,很难找到主干部分,以至于影响阅读及理解。预测3 题目设置灵活创新。阅读理解考查获取直接信息的题目数量会减少,需要推理判断的题目会有所增加,即使是细节理解题,正确选项也会对文本中的信息进行同义转述,部分阅读理解题可能还需要比较复杂的推理判断。第一讲 必备能力能力1 巧辨生僻词[即时演练]1.(2024·全国甲)Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.在这一行为上做得更好2.(2023·全国乙)If you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.v.给予特权,特别优待3.(2025·山东济宁二模)Researchers at Rice University,in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology,have developed a groundbreaking method for it—adopting dialysis technology commonly used in medicine.adj.开创性的4.(2025·广州深圳调研)The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies,including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin,flexible e-skin.adj.可穿戴的5.(2025·江苏扬州二模)Perfectionism and punctuality are often at odds in the workplace.But according to a recent study,it is better to submit a good-enough project on time rather than perfecting it through procrastination.n.耽搁,拖延能力2 智解长难句真题示例 分析(2025·新课标Ⅱ,D) Nevertheless,it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 找连词,变短句 句中and为并列连词,连接两个由that引导的同位语从句寻谓语,定主干 本句主干部分的谓语动词是serves,本句的主干为it serves as a reminder...去修饰,析逻辑 Nevertheless为状语,to address problems of sustainability作后置定语修饰ways,out of almost anything为介词短语作状语句意 然而,它提醒我们,有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题,而且你几乎可以用任何东西做出一顿美味的饭菜。[即时演练]1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ,B)In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为and,连接了三个宾语,都被who引导的定语从句修饰;after引导时间状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是met,主干部分是I met a cowboy...a strict father...and a modern-day Juliet...。③去修饰,析逻辑。In my ninth-grade writing class last year为介词短语和名词短语作状语。尝试翻译:去年,在我九年级的写作课上,我遇到了一个拯救了他的小镇的牛仔,一个要求儿子全优的严厉父亲,以及一个现代朱丽叶,她在父母拒绝了她年轻生命中的爱情后,因悲伤而死。2.(2025·浙江1月,B)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume—even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,where为从属连词,引导定语从句,在这个定语从句中,并列连词and连接两个并列句,在第二个分句中,what和how much为从属连词,引导宾语从句,even if引导让步状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是recommends,主干部分是she recommends applying a well-known concept...③去修饰,析逻辑。called the “Division of Responsibility,” 为过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰a well-known concept。尝试翻译:相反,她建议采用在营养专家中广为人知的一个概念,叫作“责任分工”,即父母在固定的时间为孩子们提供各种以健康食品为主的饮食,而孩子们自己决定他们想吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜还多。3.(2025·山东济南一模)All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and smart technologies designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep,meaningful engagement,which may further cause our loss of something easy to be ignored.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为which,引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是is,本句的主干为All of this is due to our growing dependence on...。③去修饰,析逻辑。designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep,meaningful engagement作后置定语,修饰smart technologies;形容词短语easy to be ignored作后置定语,修饰不定代词something。尝试翻译:这一切都是因为我们越来越依赖社交媒体和智能技术,这些技术旨在提供快速的缓解效果,但往往以牺牲深入而有意义的互动为代价,这可能会进一步导致我们失去一些容易被忽视的东西。4.(2025·安徽滁州二模)Though she’d never used a computer,she showed a keen interest in the device because she knew people who had one,and she believed that if she didn’t keep up with technology,she’d one day find herself in a computerized kitchen,unable to open a can of soup.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词though引导让步状语从句,连词because引导原因状语从句,在该从句中,含有并列连词and连接的两个分句,前一分句中含有连词who引导的定语从句;后一分句中,含有连词that引导的宾语从句,在宾语从句中含有if引导的条件状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。句子主干的谓语是showed,主干部分是she showed a keen interest in the device。③去修饰,析逻辑。unable to open a can of soup为形容词短语作状语。尝试翻译:尽管她从未使用过电脑,但她对这种设备表现出了浓厚的兴趣,因为她认识一些有电脑的人。而且她认为,如果自己不跟上科技的发展,总有一天她会发现自己身处一个电脑化的厨房,连一罐汤都打不开。5.(2025·福建泉州三模)Once he stepped onto the floor and out of the bed,the pressure sensor would detect an increase in pressure caused by body weight and then wirelessly send an alarm to the caregiver’s smartphone.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为once,引导时间状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是would detect and send,为并列谓语,主干部分是the pressure sensor would detect an increase...and then...send an alarm...。③去修饰,析逻辑。in pressure为介词短语作定语,caused by body weight为过去分词短语作后置定语,wirelessly为副词作状语,修饰动词send。尝试翻译:一旦他下床踩到地板上,压力传感器就会检测到体重造成的压力增加,然后将警报无线发送到护理人员的智能手机上。能力3 顺理文结构文体1 应用文高中英语四选一阅读中的应用文(如广告、通知、公告、说明书等)具有实用性强、结构清晰的特点。掌握其常见结构和解题技巧能显著提高答题效率。[文体结构][常考题型]应用文阅读最常考细节理解题,包括直接信息题、间接信息题、综合信息题、数字计算题等。其次是推理判断题,包括文章出处题、写作对象题、目的意图题等。偶尔也会考词义或句意猜测题,很少考主旨大意题。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体2 记叙文记叙文通常以故事形式呈现,具有清晰的文体结构和语言特点。掌握记叙文的结构规律,能帮助学生更快定位关键信息,提高阅读效率和答题准确率。[文体结构][常考题型]记叙文阅读常考题型有:细节理解题,定位事件、人物行为或对话(关注动词、形容词);推理判断题,结合人物行为/环境描写推断人物心理或主题;主旨大意题,聚焦结尾段的感悟或反复出现的意象;写作手法题,倒叙、顺叙等。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体3 说明文四选一阅读的C、D篇一般都是说明文,通常以清晰、逻辑性强的方式呈现信息,但是文章的专业性强,句子复杂,很难理解,且话题覆盖面广,常见的有:研究报告、新技术或新发明介绍、社会发展新现象、解决问题和书评等。理解文章框架,掌握文体结构能帮助学生快速定位信息,提高解题效率。[文体结构]1.实验研究与报告类说明文2.新兴技术或发明介绍类说明文3.社会发展新现象类说明文4.问题解决类说明文5.书评类说明文[常考题型]说明文阅读常考题型有:细节理解题,说明文通常突出介绍事件的过程、步骤和方法,同时通过具体的事例、数字、定义或图表等加以说明,所以该文体中的细节理解题常常和这些过程、步骤、方法、事例、数字、定义、图表等相关;推理判断题,为了考查考生的逻辑推理判断能力,说明文中的推理判断题通常要求考生推断出事件发展过程和步骤的重要环节以及作者使用举例或对比等写作手法的具体目的等;主旨大意题,通常会体现作者写作的目的、文章主题思想、段落大意及文章标题等;词义猜测题,科普说明文往往揭示自然奥秘、动植物生存特点及产品工艺原理,易出现一些学术性较强的生词,因此常出现生词词义判断题;观点态度题和写作意图题等。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体4 议论文议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心,是文章要表达的主要思想内容;论据是作者用来证明和支持论点的材料,这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证、统计数据等,只要是对证明论点有利的材料都可作为论据使用;确定论点和论据材料后,作者还需要将这些论据合理地组织在一起,就是我们所说的论证。[文体结构][常考题型] 同说明文能力4 熟知设题点熟知高中英语四选一阅读的设题点(即命题规律和常见考点)对解题有重要意义,能够帮助考生更高效、更准确地答题。熟知设题点相当于掌握“命题人思维”,能主动预判、精准打击,从“被动阅读”转为“主动猎取信息”,显著提升正确率和速度。[典例展示]1.转折处设题(2025·新课标Ⅰ,B片段)But things were different for their first essay,which was about the question:“Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement.I was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,simply didn’t strike them as important.This would have to change.Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay A.They were not given enough time.B.They had a very limited vocabulary.C.They misunderstood the question.D.They had little interest in the topic.2.破折号处设题(2025·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4 A.The importance of plastic recycling.B.The severity of the microplastic problem.C.The danger in overusing pure water.D.The difficulty in treating polluted water.3.表目的的不定式处设题——常用why提问(2025·新课标Ⅱ,D片段)For two weeks in March,Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED,and served items like fried skate cartilage,a juice pulp burger,and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment A.To customize dishes for guests.B.To make the public aware of food waste.C.To test a food processing method.D.To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.能力5 明辨四选项正确选项“3特征”特征1 同义转述在四选一阅读题目中,命题人有时会将文中的信息点换一种方式表达,即同义转述。同义转述可能出现在题干中和选项中,转述方式多样,如通过同义词、反义词、近义词或派生词等。借助“同义转述”的照应或暗示,考生可以快速锁定答案。[典例剖析] (2025·新课标Ⅰ,C片段)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years,transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility,especially among young children.Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car instead.Q:What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1 C.People walk less and drive more.分析 C选项中的“walk less”是文中“declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility”的同义转述;“drive more”是文中“pack them into the car”的同义转述。特征2 逻辑推断四选一阅读的语篇通常具有清晰的逻辑线索,解题时可通过分析句内、句际、段内、段落与语篇主题之间的逻辑关系快速锁定答案。考生要特别关注连接标志词,研读照应与替代,探究省略和词汇衔接,通过推理、判断来梳理篇章结构,解读文本。[典例剖析] (2024·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)...“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本),and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change,I wanted to know:Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants,insects,birds,and animals,Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.Q:What does Daru’s study focus on C.Observational data.分析 特征3 整合概括高考四选一阅读不仅考查考生提取文本中表层信息(文本中直接陈述的事实与观点)的能力,同时也会考查考生的深层理解能力,要求考生理解散落在文本各处的信息点并进行归纳整理,从而得出文章的深层含义。因此,一些题目的正确项就是对文中碎片信息的整合与概括。[典例剖析] (2024·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data,like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover,these data are biased and favor certain regions,time periods,and species.This makes sense...Q:What has led to the biases according to the study C.Improper way of sampling.分析 根据选段第一段中的“...like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it”可知,不同物种被拍照记录的可能性不同;根据选段第二段中的“Moreover,these data are biased and favor certain regions,time periods,and species.”可知,收集生物数据的人对于采样区域、时段以及物种的选择有一定主观性。由此可以归纳概括出:不当的采样方式会导致收集到的数据有偏差。干扰选项“7套路”[典例剖析] (2025·新课标Ⅰ,C片段)...Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”...Q:What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity.C.Help the needy families. D.Make expressways accessible.分析 根据此片段文字信息可知答案为A。干扰项B和C为无中生有;干扰项D为偷梁换柱,原文中是“replacement with an expressway”,而不是“Make expressways accessible”。(共64张PPT)专题复习专题一四选一阅读新课程标准明确指出四选一阅读主要考查考生理解书面语篇的能力,其中既包括对语篇内容、语篇结构的理解和把握,也包括对语篇内容的分析、阐释和评价。要求考生能判断和识别书面语篇的意图,获取其中的重要信息和观点;能识别语篇中的主要事实与观点之间的逻辑关系,理解语篇反映的文化背景;能推断语篇中的隐含意义;能识别语篇中的内容要点和相应支撑论据;能根据定义线索,理解概念性词汇或术语;能理解文本信息与非文本信息的关系。考情表解卷别 年份 篇目 体裁 主题 题目类型 词数细节理解 推理判断 词句猜测 主旨大意新课标Ⅰ 2025 A 说明文 人与自然:交通领域的碳排放情况以及应对方案 2 1 0 0 331B 记叙文 人与自我:一位写作教师的教学认知突破之旅 1 2 1 0 310C 议论文 人与社会:汽车主导的城市规划 vs行人友好的生活空间诉求 1 2 0 1 322D 说明文 人与自然:微塑料污染及应对方法 1 3 0 0 3352024 A 应用文 人与社会:生物栖息地修复小组志愿者招募 3 0 0 0 221B 记叙文 人与自然:中西医结合治疗动物 1 2 0 1 309C 说明文 人与社会:纸质阅读与数字阅读 1 2 1 0 353D 说明文 人与自然:目前生物多样性记录存在偏差 1 3 0 0 3802023 A 应用文 人与社会:自行车租赁和城市导览游 2 1 0 0 219B 记叙文 人与自然:设计生态机器 2 2 0 0 343C 说明文 人与自我:数字极简主义生活方式 1 2 1 0 324D 说明文 人与社会:“群体智慧”效应 1 2 0 1 344新课标Ⅱ 2025 A 应用文 人与社会:四个值得一游的英国集贸小镇 2 1 0 0 268B 记叙文 人与社会:医院教师帮助患病学生继续课业学习 2 1 1 0 314C 说明文 人与自然:室内绿植的积极影响 0 3 0 1 271D 说明文 人与社会:Blue Hill餐厅的wastED 实验 1 2 0 1 3502024 A 应用文 人与自我:卡洛秋季徒步节的几种步行方案 3 0 0 0 310B 新闻报道 人与社会:自助服务亭 2 2 0 0 287C 说明文 人与社会:巴比伦微农场 2 1 0 1 271D 说明文 人与社会:介绍AI by Design这本书 2 1 1 0 3352023 A 应用文 人与自然:护林员项目 3 0 0 0 249B 记叙文 人与自我:校园菜园项目 1 2 0 1 290C 说明文 人与社会:介绍Reading Art这本书 1 2 1 0 336D 说明文 人与自然:城市自然景观对人的影响 1 3 0 0 329命题解读1.文章题材丰富。高考英语试卷中的所有语篇都紧扣“人与自我”“人与社会”以及“人与自然”三大主题语境,题材涉及故事、科学知识、自然景观、社会现象、文化活动等。2.短文体裁广泛。短文体裁包括应用文、记叙文、说明文、议论文、新闻报道等,说明文占比较高。3.题型分布多样。近三年新课标卷的四选一阅读突出考查考生理解和运用语言知识解决问题的基本能力,以考查细节理解、推理判断为主,以考查词句猜测、主旨大意为辅。考向预测预测1 文章题材专业化。2026年高考阅读试题将会继续出现文学、艺术、历史、金融、前沿科技、生物、医学等主题情境中专业性较强的文章。因此,在备考过程中考生需要接触不同类型的语篇,拓展思维、缩小信息差,从而突破阅读障碍,提升阅读能力。预测2 词句难度平稳递增。阅读文本及选项中越来越多地出现不超纲的“超纲词”(通过构词法合成或派生而来的新词、熟词生义词等),使阅读难度增加。长句难句会频繁出现,使得阅读文本复杂难懂,很难找到主干部分,以至于影响阅读及理解。预测3 题目设置灵活创新。阅读理解考查获取直接信息的题目数量会减少,需要推理判断的题目会有所增加,即使是细节理解题,正确选项也会对文本中的信息进行同义转述,部分阅读理解题可能还需要比较复杂的推理判断。第一讲必备能力能力5 明辨四选项能力4 熟知设题点能力2 智解长难句能力1 巧辨生僻词能力3 顺理文结构内容索引能力1 巧辨生僻词1.(2024·全国甲)Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit,but cats take this behavior up a notch.Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners.2.(2023·全国乙)If you want to tell the history of the whole world,a history that does not privilege one part of humanity,you cannot do it through texts alone,because only some of the world has ever had texts,while most of the world,for most of the time,has not.______________________在这一行为上做得更好______________________v.给予特权,特别优待[即时演练]3.(2025·山东济宁二模)Researchers at Rice University,in partnership with Guangdong University of Technology,have developed a groundbreaking method for it—adopting dialysis technology commonly used in medicine.4.(2025·广州深圳调研)The researchers hope that this sensor could one day open up a new range of wearable technologies,including sensors for human-machine interaction and thin,flexible e-skin.______________adj.开创性的______________adj.可穿戴的5.(2025·江苏扬州二模)Perfectionism and punctuality are often at odds in the workplace.But according to a recent study,it is better to submit a good-enough project on time rather than perfecting it through procrastination.______________n.耽搁,拖延返回能力2 智解长难句真题示例 分析(2025·新课标Ⅱ,D) Nevertheless,it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 找连词,变短句 句中and为并列连词,连接两个由that引导的同位语从句寻谓语,定主干 本句主干部分的谓语动词是serves,本句的主干为it serves as a reminder...真题示例 分析(2025·新课标Ⅱ,D) Nevertheless,it serves as a reminder that there are many ways to address problems of sustainability,and that you can make an amazing meal out of almost anything. 去修饰,析逻辑 Nevertheless为状语,to address problems of sustainability作后置定语修饰ways,out of almost anything为介词短语作状语句意 然而,它提醒我们,有很多方法可以解决可持续发展的问题,而且你几乎可以用任何东西做出一顿美味的饭菜。1.(2025·新课标Ⅰ,B)In my ninth-grade writing class last year,I met a cowboy who saved his town,a strict father who demanded his son earn straight A’s,and a modern-day Juliet who died of heartbreak after her parents rejected the love of her young life.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为 ,连接了三个宾语,都被 引导的定语从句修饰; 引导时间状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是 ,主干部分是I met a cowboy...a strict father...and a modern-day Juliet...。andwhometafter[即时演练]③去修饰,析逻辑。In my ninth-grade writing class last year为介词短语和名词短语作 语。尝试翻译:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________状去年,在我九年级的写作课上,我遇到了一个拯救了他的小镇的牛仔,一个要求儿子全优的严厉父亲,以及一个现代朱丽叶,她在父母拒绝了她年轻生命中的爱情后,因悲伤而死。2.(2025·浙江1月,B)Instead,she recommends applying a well-known concept among nutrition experts called the “Division of Responsibility,” where parents provide a variety of mostly healthy foods to their kids at fixed times,and the kids themselves decide what and how much they want to consume—even if that means occasionally eating more cookies than carrots.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句, 为从属连词,引导定语从句,在这个定语从句中,并列连词 连接两个并列句,在第二个分句中, 和 为从属连词,引导宾语从句,_________引导让步状语从句。whereandwhathow mucheven if②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是 ,主干部分是she recommends applying a well-known concept...③去修饰,析逻辑。called the “Division of Responsibility,” 为过去分词短语作 ,修饰 。尝试翻译:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________recommends后置定语a well-known concept相反,她建议采用在营养专家中广为人知的一个概念,叫作“责任分工”,即父母在固定的时间为孩子们提供各种以健康食品为主的饮食,而孩子们自己决定他们想吃什么和吃多少——即使这意味着偶尔吃的饼干比胡萝卜还多。3.(2025·山东济南一模)All of this is due to our growing dependence on social media and smart technologies designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep,meaningful engagement,which may further cause our loss of something easy to be ignored.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为 ,引导 从句,并在从句中作 。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是 ,本句的主干为All of this is due to our growing dependence on...。which定语主语is③去修饰,析逻辑。designed to offer quick relief but often at the expense of deep,meaningful engagement作 ,修饰smart technologies;形容词短语easy to be ignored作 ,修饰不定代词something。尝试翻译:___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________后置定语后置定语这一切都是因为我们越来越依赖社交媒体和智能技术,这些技术旨在提供快速的缓解效果,但往往以牺牲深入而有意义的互动为代价,这可能会进一步导致我们失去一些容易被忽视的东西。4.(2025·安徽滁州二模)Though she’d never used a computer,she showed a keen interest in the device because she knew people who had one,and she believed that if she didn’t keep up with technology,she’d one day find herself in a computerized kitchen,unable to open a can of soup.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词 引导让步状语从句,连词 引导原因状语从句,在该从句中,含有并列连词 连接的两个分句,前一分句中含有连词 引导的定语从句;后一分句中,含有连词 引导的宾语从句,在宾语从句中含有___引导的条件状语从句。thoughbecauseandwhothatif②寻谓语,定主干。句子主干的谓语是showed,主干部分是she showed a keen interest in the device。③去修饰,析逻辑。unable to open a can of soup为形容词短语作 。尝试翻译:__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________状语尽管她从未使用过电脑,但她对这种设备表现出了浓厚的兴趣,因为她认识一些有电脑的人。而且她认为,如果自己不跟上科技的发展,总有一天她会发现自己身处一个电脑化的厨房,连一罐汤都打不开。5.(2025·福建泉州三模)Once he stepped onto the floor and out of the bed,the pressure sensor would detect an increase in pressure caused by body weight and then wirelessly send an alarm to the caregiver’s smartphone.句式分析:①找连词,变短句。本句话为复合句,连词为 ,引导时间状语从句。②寻谓语,定主干。主干的谓语是 ,为并列谓语,主干部分是the pressure sensor would detect an increase...and then...send an alarm...。oncewould detect and send③去修饰,析逻辑。in pressure为介词短语作 语,caused by body weight为过去分词短语作 ,wirelessly为副词作 语,修饰动词send。尝试翻译:____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________返回定后置定语状一旦他下床踩到地板上,压力传感器就会检测到体重造成的压力增加,然后将警报无线发送到护理人员的智能手机上。能力3 顺理文结构文体1 应用文高中英语四选一阅读中的应用文(如广告、通知、公告、说明书等)具有实用性强、结构清晰的特点。掌握其常见结构和解题技巧能显著提高答题效率。[文体结构][常考题型]应用文阅读最常考细节理解题,包括直接信息题、间接信息题、综合信息题、数字计算题等。其次是推理判断题,包括文章出处题、写作对象题、目的意图题等。偶尔也会考词义或句意猜测题,很少考主旨大意题。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体2 记叙文记叙文通常以故事形式呈现,具有清晰的文体结构和语言特点。掌握记叙文的结构规律,能帮助学生更快定位关键信息,提高阅读效率和答题准确率。[文体结构][常考题型]记叙文阅读常考题型有:细节理解题,定位事件、人物行为或对话(关注动词、形容词);推理判断题,结合人物行为/环境描写推断人物心理或主题;主旨大意题,聚焦结尾段的感悟或反复出现的意象;写作手法题,倒叙、顺叙等。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体3 说明文四选一阅读的C、D篇一般都是说明文,通常以清晰、逻辑性强的方式呈现信息,但是文章的专业性强,句子复杂,很难理解,且话题覆盖面广,常见的有:研究报告、新技术或新发明介绍、社会发展新现象、解决问题和书评等。理解文章框架,掌握文体结构能帮助学生快速定位信息,提高解题效率。[文体结构]1.实验研究与报告类说明文2.新兴技术或发明介绍类说明文3.社会发展新现象类说明文4.问题解决类说明文5.书评类说明文[常考题型]说明文阅读常考题型有:细节理解题,说明文通常突出介绍事件的过程、步骤和方法,同时通过具体的事例、数字、定义或图表等加以说明,所以该文体中的细节理解题常常和这些过程、步骤、方法、事例、数字、定义、图表等相关;推理判断题,为了考查考生的逻辑推理判断能力,说明文中的推理判断题通常要求考生推断出事件发展过程和步骤的重要环节以及作者使用举例或对比等写作手法的具体目的等;主旨大意题,通常会体现作者写作的目的、文章主题思想、段落大意及文章标题等;词义猜测题,科普说明文往往揭示自然奥秘、动植物生存特点及产品工艺原理,易出现一些学术性较强的生词,因此常出现生词词义判断题;观点态度题和写作意图题等。这些题型的解题技法将在“第二讲 题型突破”中重点讲解。文体4 议论文议论文一般有论点、论据和论证三个要素。论点是议论文的核心,是文章要表达的主要思想内容;论据是作者用来证明和支持论点的材料,这些材料可以是名人名言、事实例证、统计数据等,只要是对证明论点有利的材料都可作为论据使用;确定论点和论据材料后,作者还需要将这些论据合理地组织在一起,就是我们所说的论证。[常考题型] 同说明文返回[文体结构]能力4 熟知设题点熟知高中英语四选一阅读的设题点(即命题规律和常见考点)对解题有重要意义,能够帮助考生更高效、更准确地答题。熟知设题点相当于掌握“命题人思维”,能主动预判、精准打击,从“被动阅读”转为“主动猎取信息”,显著提升正确率和速度。[典例展示]1.转折处设题(2025·新课标Ⅰ,B片段)But things were different for their first essay,which was about the question:“Why is writing important?” Most of the essays filled less than one page,and few contained a sentence that could be interpreted as a thesis(论点) statement.I was shocked.Then I realized that the problem was the question itself.They could have written pages on the necessity of computers,but writing,in and of itself,simply didn’t strike them as important.This would have to change.Why did the students perform poorly in writing their first essay A.They were not given enough time.B.They had a very limited vocabulary.C.They misunderstood the question.D.They had little interest in the topic.2.破折号处设题(2025·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)Still,the findings show a potential path forward for reducing microplastic exposure—a task that’s becoming increasingly difficult.Even bottled water,scientists found earlier this year,contains 10 to 1,000 times more microplastics than originally thought.What does the author try to illustrate by mentioning bottled water in paragraph 4 A.The importance of plastic recycling.B.The severity of the microplastic problem.C.The danger in overusing pure water.D.The difficulty in treating polluted water.3.表目的的不定式处设题——常用why提问(2025·新课标Ⅱ,D片段)For two weeks in March,Greenwich Village’s Blue Hill restaurant was renamed wastED,and served items like fried skate cartilage,a juice pulp burger,and a dumpster diver’s vegetable salad.Each dish was tailor-made to raise awareness regarding food waste.Why did Blue Hill carry out the experiment A.To customize dishes for guests.B.To make the public aware of food waste.C.To test a food processing method.D.To improve the UK’s zero-waste systems.返回能力5 明辨四选项1 正确选项“3特征”特征1 同义转述在四选一阅读题目中,命题人有时会将文中的信息点换一种方式表达,即同义转述。同义转述可能出现在题干中和选项中,转述方式多样,如通过同义词、反义词、近义词或派生词等。借助“同义转述”的照应或暗示,考生可以快速锁定答案。[典例剖析] (2025·新课标Ⅰ,C片段)While safety improvements might have been made to our streets in recent years,transport studies also show declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility,especially among young children.Many parents say there’s too much traffic on the roads for their children to walk safely to school,so they pack them into the car instead.Q:What phenomenon does the author point out in paragraph 1 C.People walk less and drive more.分析 C选项中的“walk less”是文中“declines in pedestrian(行人) mobility”的同义转述;“drive more”是文中“pack them into the car”的同义转述。特征2 逻辑推断四选一阅读的语篇通常具有清晰的逻辑线索,解题时可通过分析句内、句际、段内、段落与语篇主题之间的逻辑关系快速锁定答案。考生要特别关注连接标志词,研读照应与替代,探究省略和词汇衔接,通过推理、判断来梳理篇章结构,解读文本。[典例剖析] (2024·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)...“These observations now outnumber the primary data that comes from physical specimens(标本),and since we are increasingly using observational data to investigate how species are responding to global change,I wanted to know:Are they usable?”Using a global dataset of 1.9 billion records of plants,insects,birds,and animals,Daru and his team tested how well these data represent actual global biodiversity patterns.Q:What does Daru’s study focus on C.Observational data.分析 特征3 整合概括高考四选一阅读不仅考查考生提取文本中表层信息(文本中直接陈述的事实与观点)的能力,同时也会考查考生的深层理解能力,要求考生理解散落在文本各处的信息点并进行归纳整理,从而得出文章的深层含义。因此,一些题目的正确项就是对文中碎片信息的整合与概括。[典例剖析] (2024·新课标Ⅰ,D片段)“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias(使有偏差) data,like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru.Their study revealed that the large number of observation-only records did not lead to better global coverage. Moreover,these data are biased and favor certain regions,time periods,and species.This makes sense...Q:What has led to the biases according to the study C.Improper way of sampling.分析 根据选段第一段中的“...like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it”可知,不同物种被拍照记录的可能性不同;根据选段第二段中的“Moreover,these data are biased and favor certain regions,time periods,and species.”可知,收集生物数据的人对于采样区域、时段以及物种的选择有一定主观性。由此可以归纳概括出:不当的采样方式会导致收集到的数据有偏差。2 干扰选项“7套路”[典例剖析] (2025·新课标Ⅰ,C片段)...Most famously,a Canadian journalist who had moved her family to Manhattan in the early 1950s led a campaign to stop the destruction of her local park.Describing her alarm at its proposed replacement with an expressway,Jane Jacobs called on her mayor(市长) to champion “New York as a decent place to live,and not just rush through.”...Q:What were the Canadian journalist and other campaigners trying to do A.Keep their cities livable. B.Promote cultural diversity.C.Help the needy families. D.Make expressways accessible.分析 根据此片段文字信息可知答案为A。干扰项B和C为无中生有;干扰项D为偷梁换柱,原文中是“replacement with an expressway”,而不是“Make expressways accessible”。返回 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 专题一 四选一阅读 第一讲 必备能力.docx 专题一 第一讲 必备能力.pptx