资源简介

Unit 2 Stay Healthy 第1课时 Section A (1a-2d)
知识管理
1. ourselves pron. 我们自己
【拓展】第一人称复数代词
人称代词主格 we 人称代词宾格 us
形容词性物主代词 our 名词性物主代词 ours
2. sore adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
【拓展】常见短语
a sore throat 喉咙痛 a sore back 背痛 a sore shoulder 肩膀痛
a sore knee 膝盖痛 a sore foot 脚痛
3. throat n. 喉咙
4. stomachache (= stomach ache) n. 胃痛；肚子疼
【归纳】“身体部位 + ache”构成的合成词
headache 头痛 toothache 牙痛 backache 背痛；腰痛
5. suffer v. 受苦；遭受
【拓展】常见短语
suffer from 受苦；受折磨
6. press v. 压；按
其相关名词形式为 pressure，意为“压力”。
7. nosebleed n. 鼻出血
8. dentist n. 牙科医生
see a dentist 看牙医
【归纳】常见的以“-ist”结尾表示“职业与身份”的单词
artist 艺术家；画家 pianist 钢琴家 violinist 小提琴手 scientist 科学家
biologist 生物学家 physicist 物理学家 tourist 旅行者；观光客
9. fever n. 发烧
【拓展】常见短语
have a (high) fever 发（高）烧
10. stomach n. 胃；腹部
11. avoid v. 避免；防止
【拓展】avoid 的用法(1) avoid + 名词/代词（后接人、事物或地点）。如：Try to avoid the city centre during rush hour. 尽量避开高峰时段的市中心。(2) avoid doing sth 避免做某事。如：You should avoid eating too much junk food. 你应该避免吃太多垃圾食品。
12. gas n. 气体；燃气
13. ache n. & v. 疼痛
14. X-ray n. X射线检查；X射线
X-ray 以元音音素开头，前面使用不定冠词时用 an。如：take an X-ray 拍摄X光照片；接受X射线检查。
15. careless adj. 不小心的；粗心的
【拓展】care 词根衍生词
care n. 照顾；护理 v. 关心；在乎
careful adj. 认真的；仔细的；小心的
carefully adv. 认真地；仔细地；小心地
carelessly adv. 不小心地；粗心地
16. runny adj. 流鼻涕的；流眼泪的
【拓展】常见短语
runny nose 流鼻涕
17. cough n. & v. 咳嗽
18. bruised adj. 受了瘀伤的
【拓展】常见短语
bruised knee 瘀青的膝盖
19. What’s wrong / What’s the matter 怎么了？/出什么事了？
(1) 两者均为口语中常用的问候/询问句型，核心意思是“怎么了？/出什么事了？”，用于关心他人（对方看起来难过、疲惫或遇到麻烦时），或询问异常情况的原因。(2) 完整结构：若要具体问“某人/某物怎么了”，需加介词 with。
What’s wrong with sb/sth
What’s the matter with sb/sth (3) 回答需说明具体问题（身体不适、遇到麻烦、物品故障等）。如：I have a headache. 我头痛。I can’t find my key. 我找不到钥匙了。My phone is broken. 我的手机坏了。
基础达标
一、根据句意在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
Nancy had a ______ (run) nose and ______ (cough) all night, so she looks really tired now.
Emma had a terrible ______ (tooth), so she needed to get ______ X-ray and stop eating sweet things.
She got a ______ (bruise) knee from falling off the bike on the way to school.
If you have a bad cold, you can't eat ______ (something) spicy(辛辣的), but you can help ______ (you) to some hot tea with honey.
Tom has a ______ (head), maybe because he studied for too long last night. He needs to stop being so ______ (care) with how he manages his study time.
二、从方框中选择适当的词组并用其正确形式填空
She ______ yesterday, so she should rest and drink plenty of water.
Many teenagers ______ headaches and need to develop healthier daily habits.
If you feel tired and have a cough for a week, you should ______ as soon as possible.
When you cut your hand while cooking, remember ______ and cover it with a clean cloth.
Judy talked too much without drinking enough water, so she ______. She should drink more honey water.
三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
皮特吃了太多零食后应该去看牙医，因为他的牙齿疼。
Peter should ______ ______ ______ after eating ______ ______ snacks because his ______ hurt.
如果你流鼻血了，你应该按压你的鼻子几分钟。
If you ______ ______ ______, you should ______ ______ on your nose for a few minutes.
当你胃痛时，应该避免喝软饮料，因为里面的气体可能会加重疼痛。
When you ______ ______ ______, you should ______ ______ ______ as the gas might ______ ______ ______ ______.
你怎么了？你是因为昨天足球比赛时摔倒了所以背痛吗？
______ ______ ______ with you Did your ______ come from falling in yesterday's football game
能力提升
四、图表阅读
Helping Hospital Diagnosis (诊断)
Patient Name: William SmithNumber: 220709056 Gender: Man Age: 35 Job: TeacherPhone number: 135-2359 Address: No.13, Green Street
Problems: Catching a cough and having a headache.Suggestions: What to do: Take some medicine. When to take it: After every meal. How often to take it: 3 times a day. What else to do: Take some exercise and have enough sleep.Attention: Don’t eat fast food. Don’t have anything too cold when taking the medicine. Stop taking the medicine if you have a fever or a stomachache.
Cost: Medicine: $42 Service: $6Signature: Charles SchulzDate: 10 March
选择题（请选出正确答案）
What’s the matter with William Smith A. He has a fever and a cough.B. He has a headache and a cough.C. He has a fever and a stomachache.
What can we learn from the diagnosis A. The doctor’s advice.B. The hospital’s address.C. The patient’s daily habits.
五、阅读还原
It’s possible to fall ill at any time of the year, but winter seems to bring a big rise in sickness. We often think of the cold weather bringing us indoors as a big reason, but is that the only reason 1. ______
It’s certainly true that spending more time indoors can put us in close contact with others. As a result, the risk of catching a cold or flu is higher. However, there are other reasons. According to scientists, the flu virus is protected by a fatty coating (脂质层) on the outside. This coating turns into liquid (液体) at higher temperatures, 2. ______. In colder weather, however, the coating remains complete. So the virus will enter our body easily.
What about other reasons 3. ______. It’s also bad for our immune systems (免疫系统). A recent study found that reducing the temperature inside the nose by 5°C kills nearly 50% of its virus-fighting cells (细胞).
Dry winter air may not be so great for us, 4. ______. Washing our hands often can reduce the spread (传播) of viruses. And don’t forget to wear masks because they can stop most viruses from entering the nose.
选项：
A. Actually, there is something elseB. Cold weather may hurt our bodiesC. Warm weather does good to our bodiesD. so the virus is less able to spread in summerE. so we can use some healthy tips to keep illnesses away
参考答案及解析
基础达标
一、根据句意在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式
runny; coughed
解析：runny nose 是固定搭配，意为“流鼻涕”；all night 暗示动作发生在过去，故 cough 用过去式 coughed。
toothache; an
解析：have a toothache 意为“牙痛”；X-ray 以元音音素开头，不定冠词用 an。
bruised
解析：此处需要形容词修饰 knee，bruise 的形容词形式为 bruised（受瘀伤的）。
anything; yourself
解析：否定句 can't 中 something 需变为 anything；help yourself to... 是固定短语，意为“请自便/随便吃”，主语是 you，故反身代词用 yourself。
headache; careless
解析：have a headache 意为“头痛”；根据句意“他需要停止对学习时间管理如此______”，结合前文学习太久导致头痛，应填 care 的反义形容词 careless（粗心的/不小心的）。
二、从方框中选择适当的词组并用其正确形式填空(方框词组：have a sore throat, have a fever, suffer from, go to the doctor, clean the area)
had a fever
解析：时间状语 yesterday 提示用一般过去时。发烧需要休息喝水，符合语境。
suffer from
解析：陈述普遍事实用一般现在时，主语 Many teenagers 是复数，动词用原形。suffer from headaches 意为“遭受头痛之苦”。
go to the doctor
解析：should 后接动词原形。咳嗽一周应该去看医生。
to clean the area
解析：remember to do sth 意为“记得去做某事”（还没做）。切到手后记得清理伤口区域。
has a sore throat
解析：描述现在的状态用一般现在时，主语 Judy 是第三人称单数，have 变为 has。说话太多导致喉咙痛。
三、根据汉语意思完成句子，每空一词
see a dentist; too many; teeth
解析：see a dentist 看牙医；snacks 是可数名词复数，太多用 too many；tooth 的复数是 teeth。
have a nosebleed; press down
解析：have a nosebleed 流鼻血；press down 按压。
have a stomachache; avoid soft drinks; make the pain worse (或 worsen the pain)
解析：have a stomachache 胃痛；avoid doing sth 避免做某事，软饮料 soft drinks；might 后接动词原形，加重疼痛可用 make the pain worse。
What's the matter (或 What's wrong); backache (或 back pain)
解析：询问怎么了常用 What's the matter 或 What's wrong；背痛可用 backache 或 back pain。
能力提升
四、图表阅读
B
解析：根据诊断书 Problems: Catching a cough and having a headache. 可知选 B。
A
解析：诊断书中包含了 Suggestions（建议）和 Attention（注意事项），这些都是医生的建议（The doctor's advice）。地址是病人的地址而非医院的，也未提及病人的日常习惯。
五、阅读还原
A
解析：前文问“这是唯一的原因吗？”，后文接着说“确实……但也有其他原因”。选项 A “Actually, there is something else”（实际上，还有其他原因）承上启下。
D
解析：前文提到高温下脂质层变成液体，这会导致病毒难以存活或传播。选项 D “so the virus is less able to spread in summer”（所以病毒在夏天不太容易传播）符合逻辑，与后文冷天病毒容易进入人体形成对比。
B
解析：本段主要讲低温对免疫系统的影响（杀死抗病毒细胞）。选项 B “Cold weather may hurt our bodies”（寒冷天气可能会伤害我们的身体）概括了本段主旨。
E
解析：前文提到干燥空气不好，后文紧接着给出了洗手、戴口罩等具体建议。选项 E “so we can use some healthy tips to keep illnesses away”（所以我们可以用一些健康小贴士来远离疾病）引出下文的具体措施。
阅读还原答案序列：1. A 2. D 3. B 4. E
have a sore throat, have a fever, suffer from, go to the doctor, clean the area

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