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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年七年级英语下册沪教版（2024）单元素养评价培优卷
Unit 4 Our animal friends
温馨提示：
1.本试卷分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。满分120分。考试用时90分钟。考试结束后，将试题卷和答题卡一并交回。
2.答卷前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、准考证号、座号填写在试题卷和答题卡规定的位置上。
3.第Ⅰ卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答案不能答在试题卷上。
4.第Ⅱ卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试题卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用涂改液、胶带纸、修正带。不按以上要求作答的答案无效。
第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共65分）
一、选择填空（共10小题，计10分）
从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
1．—Do you know who taught ________ French
—Nobody. He learned it by ________.
A．him; him B．him; himself C．his; himself D．himself; him
2．—I don’t like tigers.
—I don’t ________.
A．also B．too C．either D．neither
3．Do you know Qinghai is ________ of China
A．western B．west C．to the west D．in the west
4．—Should we take the subway or a taxi to the museum
—_________. The subway is more comfortable, but the taxi is faster.
A．Either B．Both C．Neither D．All
5．My brother trains dogs to help the ________ to cross the streets.
A．blind B．poor C．polite D．unhappy
6．Taiwan lies ________ the southeast of China, and it is ________ the east of Fujian.
A．on; to B．in; to C．in; in D．in; on
7．— Don’t eat too much junk food. Have some fruits ________. They are good for your health.
— OK, mom.
A．still B．instead C．either D．however
8．The Yangtze River is very long and most of it runs ________ mountains.
A．by B．across C．above D．through
9．If you want a sweet, you can have some fruit ________. That’s a healthy habit.
A．together B．again C．either D．instead
10．Beijing, the capital city of China, _________ the north of the country.
A．lay at B．lies in C．lay on D．lies to
二、完形填空（共10小题，计10分）
Many people like animals around the world. Some of them even keep pets at home. Maybe some of your friends have cats or dogs. It is very 11 for us to keep them at home and the pets are like our family members.
But in Switzerland (瑞士), if you want to have a pet, you may need to follow some rules. For example, you can’t keep only one goldfish (金鱼). Why Because fish are social (群居的) 12 . They need friends around them. They usually 13 in groups in the lakes or rivers, so you mustn’t 14 only one fish at home. And this rule is not just for goldfish. Other animals, like pet pigs and parrots (鹦鹉) are also the same.
Dog lovers must take lessons 15 they can keep one. They have to learn how to look after the 16 . Many people also love cats. If they want to keep just one cat, they can’t always keep it inside the house. They must let it 17 outside sometimes. Many people are very busy and they don’t have time to take the cat outside, 18 they must keep two cats at home.
Are you going to buy a parrot and keep it at home for fun You can 19 do it in Switzerland. You can’t keep only one parrot because it also needs a friend to 20 to. If no one is at home, who can play and talk to it
In a word, the Swiss make the rules to show their love to the animals.
11．A．difficult B．relaxing C．bad D．boring
12．A．plants B．people C．animals D．places
13．A．swim B．run C．fly D．walk
14．A．buy B．bring C．sell D．keep
15．A．before B．after C．in D．on
16．A．cats B．fish C．dogs D．pandas
17．A．work B．stand C．play D．eat
18．A．or B．but C．because D．so
19．A．sometimes B．often C．always D．never
20．A．go B．visit C．talk D．meet
三、阅读理解（共20小题，计40分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出能正确回答所提问题或完成所给句子的最佳答案。
A
Our world is full of wonderful animals, all living in different ways. Big animals like bears often like to live alone. But for many smaller animals, living together isn’t just nice—it’s how they survive (生存)!
Meerkats, a kind of small animals living in the African desert, are a good example of this. Meerkats live with enemies (敌人) everywhere in the desert. If they lived by themselves, they wouldn’t last long. For meerkats, working as a team truly means the difference between life and death (死亡).
Meerkats live in big family groups underground. Everyone plays an important role (角色), just like players on a sports team. Some meerkats act as lookouts, standing tall on their legs to find the enemies in the sky and on land. Others are babysitters, carefully watching over the young ones while their parents are busy. Another group goes out searching for food to bring back for the whole family. Even though meerkats can’t speak like us, they have a special way to talk with each other. They make different sounds to tell the group where an enemy is or if it’s safe.
Just like meerkats need their team to survive in the desert, we humans often need our friends, family, or classmates to do school projects, play sports games, or solve problems together.
21．What can we learn about meerkats
A．They are big. B．They looks like bears.
C．They are in the forest. D．They have different jobs.
22．Why do meerkats need to live in groups
A．Because they need to speak like us. B．Because they can’t find food alone.
C．Because they enjoy playing sports together. D．Because they can’t survive if they live alone.
23．What should babysitters do according to (根据) the text
A．Look for food. B．Clean the house.
C．Look after the young. D．Find the enemies.
24．What is the third paragraph mainly about
A．How meerkats live together. B．Why meerkats live together.
C．What food meerkats search for. D．How meerkats talk with each other.
25．What does the author want to tell us in the last paragraph
A．Humans need friends B．Humans need teamwork.
C．Meerkats need their team. D．Sports games need teamwork.
B
Elephants are the largest land animals on Earth. They have big, strong bodies, long noses, and huge ears . Their noses are useful-they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil, suck up water to drink, and even spray water on their backs to cool off. When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.
Elephants live in groups. An old mother elephant usually leads groups. She shows the group where to find food and water, and keeps them safe from danger. Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it . Elephants talk to each other with different sounds, they also touch noses, which is like giving each other a friendly handshake.
As plant-eaters, elephants spend most of their day eating grass, leaves, and fruits. An adult elephant can eat up to 300 kilograms of food a day-that’s as heavy as a small car! While eating, they break branches and push down small trees, which helps make open spaces in the forest. This lets sunlight reach the ground and helps new plants grow.
However, elephants are in trouble. People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth because the teeth can be sold for a lot of money. Now many people, groups, and governments (政府) are helping. They set up safe places for elephants to live, make laws (法律) against selling elephant teeth, and teach others why it’s important to protect (保护) them. Elephants play a big part in nature, and it’s our job to make sure they can live happily on Earth.
26．How do elephants cool themselves down when it’s hot
A．By hiding in the caves. B．By drinking a lot of cold water.
C．By using their large ears to make wind. D．By taking a bath in the river every day.
27．Why does the writer compare an elephant’s nose to a pencil-picking hand
A．To show the nose is as thin as a pencil. B．To explain how elephants draw with their noses.
C．To prove elephants can write like humans. D．To describe the nose’s strong and flexible ability.
28．What does the underlined word “them” in the last paragraph refer to
A．elephants B．government. C．laws D．groups
29．Why are elephants in danger
A．They eat too much food every day. B．Forests are becoming too cold for them.
C．They have too many babies to feed. D．People cut down trees and kill them for their long teeth.
30．What can we infer from Paragraph 2
A．Baby elephants can protect themselves well. B．Elephant groups love and protect their young.
C．Mother elephants don’t like taking care of babies alone. D．Baby elephants often get lost.
C
People use the words mouse and rat when talking about small, furry animals with big ears, a small nose, and a long tail. However, there are many different kinds of rats and mice, such as the Norway rat, black rat, house mouse, and deer mouse. The most common rat that people usually see is the Norway rat, while the house mouse is the most common mouse that people find in their homes.
If you don’t know the differences between a rat and mouse, you are not alone. Norway rats and house mice both come from the same relative, which lived millions of years ago. As a result, they have a lot in common. Both Norway rats and house mice have long tails, whiskers (胡须), and round ears. They can also be similar colors, including gray, brown, white, and black.
However, there are many differences between Norway rats and house mice. The Norway rat is much bigger than the house mouse. A Norway rat can weigh over ten times as much as a house mouse and is usually three times as large. Also, a Norway rat has big feet and small ears compared (相比) to the size of its body. But a house mouse has small feet and big ears compared to the size of its body. And its tail is longer than its body, while a Norway rat’s tail is shorter.
Now the next time you see something scurrying around the corners of the room, you can tell whether it’s a rat or a mouse before you yelp and scare it away.
31．According to the passage, what’s the same about Norway rats and house mice
A．They have the same size.
B．Their tails are shorter than their bodies.
C．They always live together in people’s homes.
D．They both have long tails, whiskers, and round ears.
32．Why does the writer say “you are not alone” in Para.2
A．Because rats and mice always live in groups.
B．Because scientists don’t know the difference.
C．Because most people find it hard to tell them apart.
D．Because it’s dangerous for you to play with them.
33．Which of the following pictures may be a house mouse
A．B． C． D．
34．What does the underlined word “scurrying” mean in the last paragraph
A．Moving quickly. B．Flying slowly. C．Sleeping soundly. D．Laughing happily.
35．What is the main purpose of the passage
A．To compare Norway rats and house mice.
B．To discuss the history of all rats and mice.
C．To explain why people are afraid of rats and mice.
D．To provide advice on keeping rats and mice as pets.
D
Can dolphins talk Maybe they can’t talk with sounds. They show their feelings by sounds. Dolphins travel in groups. We call a group of fish a “school”. They do not study, but they travel together. Dolphins are mammals (哺乳动物), not fish. But they swim together like fish in a school. Dolphins talk to each other in the school. They give information to the others. They talk when they are happy, sad or afraid. They say “welcome” when a dolphin comes back to the school.
They make some sounds above the water. They make more sounds under the water. Usually, people cannot hear these sounds because they are very high. Scientists make tapes of the sounds so that they can study them. Sometimes people catch dolphins for a large aquarium (水族馆). People can watch dolphins in a show. Dolphins do not like to be in an aquarium away from their school. They are sad and lonely. There are many stories about dolphins. They believe that dolphins bring good luck.
36．How do dolphins show their feelings
A．By travelling together. B．By having a break.
C．By swimming around. D．By making sounds.
37．What does the underlined word “school” in the text mean
A．A special kind of animal. B．A place for training dolphins.
C．A place for students to study. D．A group of fish travelling together.
38．Where do dolphins make more sounds
A．Under the water. B．Above the water.
C．In the air. D．On the ground.
39．Why do scientists make tapes of the dolphins’ sounds
A．To copy them. B．To show them. C．To listen to them. D．To study them.
40．What’s the best title for the text
A．The Secret Language of Dolphins B．Why Dolphins Are Special Mammals
C．The Sad Life of Dolphins in Aquariums D．Dolphins: How They Live and Communicate
四、短文还原（共5小题，计5分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。
Nowadays, more and more people are keeping pets. Besides the common dogs and cats, 41
Some people like to keep small animals like hamsters (仓鼠). Hamsters are very cute and easy to take care of. 42 water and a wheel to run on. Watching them run in the wheel is really fun.
43 Parrots are very smart and can learn to talk. They have beautiful colors and can live for a long time. Canaries (金丝雀) are small birds with lovely sounds. Their singing can make people feel happy. Keeping a bird needs a cage and some seeds for food.
Turtles (乌龟) and lizards (蜥蜴) are also kept as pets. Turtles are slow and quiet. 44 Lizards need a special home with warm light and places to hide. They eat insects and are interesting to watch.
Each pet has its own needs and personality. When we choose a pet, we should think about how to take good care of it. 45 but it can also bring us a lot of joy and happiness.
A．It doesn’t like to live in ponds (池塘).
B．Birds are also popular pets.
C．Keeping a pet is sometimes tiring,
D．there are many other animals that can be wonderful pets too.
E．Everyone wants to have a pet.
F．They live in a small cage and need food,
G．They can live in a tank (箱子) with water and some rocks.
第Ⅱ卷（非选择题；共55分）
五、词汇应用（共10 小题，计10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Mr. Green is sixty-nine years old. He doesn’t need to work, so he has some free time to do nice things 46 (relax).
One day, Mr. Green goes to a pet shop 47 gets a cute pet bird from it. He calls his pet bird Jill. These days, he 48 (teach) Jill to speak, “Hello, what are you doing now ” Jill is very smart and she can say the sentence very well. When she sees people, she asks, “Hello, what are you doing now ”
Today is Saturday. Mr. Green goes to see a movie 49 his family after having dinner. Jill has to be at home. When Mr. Green leaves, a young man 50 (arrive) at Mr. Green’s home. He sees nobody is at home and gets into the house. The young man isn’t 51 good man. He wants to take some 52 (thing) in Mr. Green’s home away. He is a thief (贼).
“Hello, what are you doing now ” Jill sees the man and says to 53 (he). “What Is there anyone in the house I must leave,” the man thinks. The thief is afraid, so he runs out of Mr. Green’s home 54 (quick).
You see, a nice pet can be 55 (help).
六、选词填空（共10小题，计10分）
用方框中所给单词完成短文。
smoke led service fireman allow guest team disaster asleep blind
One early morning, a guide dog named Max was not 56 . His owner, Mr. Evans, was 57 and they lived in a small hotel. Suddenly, Max smelled 58 coming from the hallway. He knew this meant danger.
Max quickly pulled Mr. Evans’s sleeve to wake him. The hotel didn’t 59 pets to run freely, but this was an emergency. Max 60 his owner through the dark hallway, avoiding the thick smoke. It was like guiding him during their daily walks, but much more dangerous.
When they got outside, Max barked loudly to alert (警告) others. Soon, the fire alarm rang. A fireman and his team arrived quickly to provide emergency 61 .
The fire 62 worked together to control the fire and help all the guests to safety. One 63 said, “That dog is amazing! He saved our lives.”
Thanks to Max’s quick action, what could have been a terrible 64 ended safely. The 65 patted Max and said, “You’re a hero!” Mr. Evans hugged his brave guide dog, grateful for his faithful service.
七、阅读表达（共5小题，计10分）
阅读短文，根据要求完成文后的任务。
As you may know, coral (珊瑚) is not a plant, but an animal. Now, coral reefs (珊瑚礁) around the world are in danger. Here is a piece of bad news. Thailand will close one of its beaches to protect its coral. The beach is so well-known that many visitors put it on their wish lists. Lots of visitors visit it when they have time. They get there by boat. This is bad for the coral reefs. So Thailand will close the beach between June and September to let the coral come back to life.
Experts (专家) say that 80% of Thailand’s coral reefs are dead. There is a lot of pollution (污染) on these beaches because of too many visitors. An expert says the biggest problems are hotels by the beaches, boats, and plastic waste in the sea. He thinks the best way is to close the beaches forever. He says, “hope the government can take action to protect the coral reefs. At the same time, I also hope all of us should try our best to protect the environment around us.”
根据语篇内容，回答问题。（每小题答案不超过10个词）
66．What is coral
67．How do visitors go to the famous beach
68．When will Thailand close the beach
69．Why is there a lot of pollution on these beaches in Thailand
70．What can you do to save coral
八、书面表达（共1题，计25分）
71．最喜爱的动物是中学生常讨论的话题，也与“保护生物多样性”的全球共识相关。请根据以下提示，写一篇英语短文介绍你最喜爱的动物。
提示：
1. 你最喜爱的动物是什么（如大熊猫、狗、兔子等）；
2. 描述它的外貌、习性（颜色、体型、食物、爱好等）；
3. 你为什么喜欢它（聪明、可爱、忠诚等）；
4. 我们应该如何保护它（至少一条建议）。
注意：1) 词数：60-80词左右；短文开头信息已给出，不计入总词数；
2) 条理清晰，语句通顺，符合逻辑；
My Favorite Animal
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
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参考答案及试题解析
1．B
【解析】句意：——你知道是谁教他法语的吗？——没人教他。他是自学的。
him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词；his他的，形容词性物主代词。动词taught后面需要接人称代词宾格作宾语，指代“他”，所以用him；根据答语可知，没有人教他，他是自学的，by oneself为固定搭配，意为“独自，靠自己”，主语为“He”，反身代词应与之对应，因此应填入him；himself。
2．C
【解析】句意：——我不喜欢老虎。——我也不喜欢。
考查副词辨析。also也，一般用于肯定句句中；too也，一般用于肯定句句末；either也，一般用于否定句句末；neither两者都不。根据“I don’t”可知，本句是否定句，表示“也”用either，故选C。
3．D
【解析】句意：你知道青海在中国的西部吗？
考查方位表达。western西方的；west西方；to the west在……的西边（外部）；in the west在……的西部（内部）。青海属于中国领土内部，应用in the west。故选D。
4．A
【解析】句意：——我们应该乘地铁还是乘出租车去博物馆？——任何一个都可以。地铁更舒适，但出租车更快。
考查代词辨析。Either（两者中）任何一个；Both两者都；Neither两者都不；All三者或三者以上都。根据“The subway is more comfortable, but the taxi is faster.”可知，地铁和出租车这两个选择各有优缺点，所以这里表示两者任何一个都可以。故选A。
5．A
【解析】句意：我哥哥训练狗帮助盲人过马路。
考查形容词辨析。blind失明的；poor可怜的；polite有礼貌的；unhappy不开心的。根据“to cross the streets”可知，此处指用狗帮助盲人过马路。the blind“盲人”。故选A。
6．B
【解析】句意：中国台湾位于中国的东南部，且它在福建的东边。
考查介词辨析。in表示在内部；on表示两地接壤；to表示两地不接壤，隔海或隔其他区域。根据地理常识，中国台湾是中国不可分割的一部分，属于中国领土内部，因此“在中国的东南部”用“in”；中国台湾与福建省隔中国台湾海峡相望，两地不直接接壤，因此“在福建的东边”用“to”。故选B。
7．B
【解析】句意：——不要吃太多垃圾食品。改吃一些水果吧。它们对你的健康有益。——好的，妈妈。
考查副词辨析。still仍然；instead反而，代替；either也不；however然而。根据“Don’t eat too much junk food. Have some fruits...”可知，不要吃太多垃圾食品，反而你要吃一些水果，即建议用水果替代垃圾食品。故选B。
8．D
【解析】句意：长江非常长，大部分河段穿行于群山之中。
考查介词辨析。by在……旁边；across横穿表面；above在……上方；through穿过内部或空间。根据“mountains”可知，长江是穿越山脉内部流淌，强调空间上的贯穿，用through。故选D。
9．D
【解析】句意：如果你想吃甜食，你可以吃一些水果来代替。这是一个健康的习惯。
考查副词辨析。together一起；again再一次；either也；instead代替。根据“If you want a sweet, you can have some fruit”可知，可以吃一些水果来代替。故选D。
10．B
【解析】句意：北京，中国的首都，位于这个国家的北部。
考查动词短语及主谓一致辨析和方位介词用法。lay at 无此搭配，不符合语法规则，可排除；lies in 意为“位于（某范围之内）”，通常用于描述某地处于另一个较大地理区域内部；lay on 无此搭配，不符合语法规则，可排除；lies to 意为“位于（某范围之外且不接壤）”，通常用于描述某地处于另一个地理区域外部且二者不相邻。根据常识可知，北京是中国的首都，它位于中国这个国家的内部，所以应该用 lies in。故选B。
11．B 12．C 13．A 14．D 15．A 16．C 17．C 18．D 19．D 20．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了瑞士关于饲养宠物的特殊规定，强调这些规则体现了对动物的人道关怀。
11．句意：对我们来说在家养宠物非常放松，宠物就像我们的家人。
difficult困难的；relaxing放松的；bad糟糕的；boring无聊的。根据文章“Many people like animals...the pets are like our family members”可知，养宠物是令人愉悦的事。故选B。
12．句意：因为鱼是群居动物。
plants植物；people人；animals动物；places地方。根据文章“fish are social...They need friends around them.”可知，鱼属于群居动物。故选C。
13．句意：它们通常在湖泊或河流中成群游泳。
swim游泳；run奔跑；fly飞翔；walk行走。根据常识及文章“in the lakes or rivers”可知鱼类的活动方式是游泳。故选A。
14．句意：因此你不能只养一条鱼在家。
buy购买；bring带来；sell出售；keep饲养。根据文章“you mustn’t...only one fish at home”及前文“keep pets”的复现可知，此处指“饲养”，指在家里养鱼。故选D。
15．句意：爱狗人士养狗前必须上课。
before在……之前；after在……之后；in在……里；on在……上。根据逻辑关系可知，在养狗之前要上课学习如何照顾狗。故选A。
16．句意：他们必须学习如何照顾狗。
cats猫；fish鱼；dogs狗；pandas熊猫。根据前文“Dog lovers”及“keep one”可知，此处专指养狗。故选C。
17．句意：他们必须有时让猫到户外玩耍。
work工作；stand站立；play玩耍；eat进食。根据文章“let it...outside”及后文“play and talk to it”的呼应可知，猫需要外出活动。故选C。
18．句意：许多人很忙没时间带猫外出，因此他们必须养两只猫。
or或者；but但是；because因为；so因此。前后句为因果关系，需用表结果的连词。故选D。
19．句意：在瑞士你绝不能这样做。
sometimes有时；often经常；always总是；never绝不。根据文章“You can’t keep only one parrot（不能只养一只鹦鹉）”可知，不能只养一只鹦鹉，此处强调完全禁止。故选D。
20．句意：你不能只养一只鹦鹉，因为它也需要一个朋友来交谈。
go去；visit拜访；talk交谈；meet遇见。根据文章“who can play and talk to it”可知，鹦鹉需要朋友来交谈。故选C。
21．D 22．D 23．C 24．A 25．B
【导语】本文主要通过猫鼬的生活习性来讲述团队合作的重要性。
21．细节理解题。根据“Everyone plays an important role…Some meerkats act as lookouts, standing tall on their legs to find the enemies in the sky and on land. Others are babysitters, carefully watching over the young ones while their parents are busy. Another group goes out searching for food to bring back for the whole family.”可知，它们有不同的工作。故选D。
22．细节理解题。根据“Meerkats live with enemies (敌人) everywhere in the desert. If they lived by themselves, they wouldn’t last long. For meerkats, working as a team truly means the difference between life and death (死亡).”可知，需要群居的原因是因为如果它们独自生活，就无法生存。故选D。
23．细节理解题。根据“Others are babysitters, carefully watching over the young ones while their parents are busy.”可知，它们的工作是照顾小猫鼬。故选C。
24．主旨大意题。根据“Meerkats live in big family groups underground. Everyone plays an important role…Even though meerkats can’t speak like us, they have a special way to talk with each other. They make different sounds to tell the group where an enemy is or if it’s safe.”可知，本段主要通过猫鼬的不同分工来介绍猫鼬是如何生活在一起的。故选A。
25．主旨大意题。根据“Just like meerkats need their team to survive in the desert, we humans often need our friends, family, or classmates to do school projects, play sports games, or solve problems together.”可知，就像猫鼬需要它们的团队在沙漠中生存一样，我们人类经常需要我们的朋友、家人或同学一起做学校项目、玩体育游戏或一起解决问题，所以作者想要告诉我们人类需要团队合作。故选B。
26．C 27．D 28．A 29．D 30．B
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍大象的身体特征、生活习性，以及面临的因人类活动导致的生存困境，还有人们为保护大象所做的努力。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第1段“When it’s hot, elephants use their large ears to make wind, just like using a fan to stay cool on a summer day.”可知，大象热的时候用大耳朵制造风来降温。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据文章第1段“Their noses are useful-they can pick up small branches as easily as you pick up a pencil...”可知，把大象鼻子捡小树枝类比人捡铅笔，是为了体现大象鼻子强壮且灵活的能力。故选D。
28．词句猜测题。根据文章最后1段“Now many people, groups, and governments (政府) are helping. They set up safe places for elephants to live...”可知，这里“them”指代前文提到的“elephants”。故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据文章最后1段“People cut down trees to build houses and farms, so elephants are losing their homes. Also, some bad people kill them for their long teeth...”可知，大象濒危是因为人类砍伐树木和猎杀取牙。故选D。
30．推理判断题。根据文章第2段“Baby elephants are loved and taken care of by all members. If a baby elephant falls behind, the others will wait for it.”可知，大象群体爱护和保护幼象。故选B。
31．D 32．C 33．A 34．A 35．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了老鼠和家鼠的共同点和不同点，包括它们的外貌特征和如何区分它们。
31．细节理解题。根据“As a result, they have a lot in common. Both Norway rats and house mice have long tails, whiskers (胡须)，and round ears.”可知，挪威鼠和家鼠都有长尾巴、胡须，还有圆圆的耳朵。故选D。
32．推理判断题。根据“If you don’t know the differences between a rat and mouse, you are not alone.”可知，作者说这个因为大多数人很难区分它们。故选C。
33．细节理解题。根据“But a house mouse has small feet and big ears compared to the size of its body. And its tail is longer than its body, while a Norway rat’s tail is shorter.”可知，家鼠脚小耳朵很大，尾巴长，选项A符合题意。故选A。
34．词义猜测题。根据“Now the next time you see something scurrying around the corners of the room, you can tell whether it’s a rat or a mouse before you yelp and scare it away.”可知，看到老鼠跑可以大叫吓跑它们，由此推知此处应该是指快速移动。故选A。
35．主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了老鼠和家鼠的共同点和不同点，包括它们的外貌特征和如何区分它们。故选A。
36．D 37．D 38．A 39．D 40．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了海豚的相关知识，包括海豚通过声音表达情感、以群体游动，作为哺乳动物的特性，以及它们在水下和水上发声的特点、科学家对其声音的研究，还有海豚被捕获到水族馆后的状态等，让读者了解海豚的生活与交流等内容。
36．细节理解题。根据“Maybe they can’t talk with sounds. They show their feelings by sounds.”可知，海豚通过发出声音来表达情感。故选D。
37．词义猜测题。根据“We call a group of fish a ‘school’. They do not study, but they travel together.”可知，一群鱼不会学习，但会一起游动；据此可以推断，划线单词“school”指的是一群一起游动的鱼。故选D。
38．细节理解题。根据“They make some sounds above the water. They make more sounds under the water.”可知，海豚在水下发出更多声音。故选A。
39．细节理解题。根据“Scientists make tapes of the sounds so that they can study them.”可知，科学家录制海豚声音是为了研究。故选D。
40．最佳标题题。综合全文可知，本文既讲了海豚的生活(群体游动、哺乳动物特性等)，又讲了交流(声音表达情感、传递信息等)；选项D“海豚：它们如何生活和交流”涵盖了文章的主要内容，适合作为文章的标题。故选D。
41．D 42．F 43．B 44．G 45．C
【导语】本文主要讲述了人们饲养宠物的多样性，包括仓鼠、鸟类、乌龟和蜥蜴等，并强调了每种宠物都有不同的需求和个性，养宠物虽然有时会很累，但也能带来很多快乐。
41．根据“Nowadays, more and more people are keeping pets. Besides the common dogs and cats...”可知，除了常见的猫狗外，还有许多其他动物也可以成为宠物。选项D“还有许多其他动物也可以成为很好的宠物”符合语境。故选D。
42．根据“Hamsters are very cute and easy to take care of...water and a wheel to run on.”可知，仓鼠很容易照顾，需要水。选项F“它们住在小笼子里，需要食物”符合语境。故选F。
43．根据“Parrots are very smart and can learn to talk... Keeping a bird needs a cage and some seeds for food.”可知，鹦鹉也是受欢迎的宠物，选项B“鸟类也是受欢迎的宠物”符合语境。故选B。
44．根据“Turtles are slow and quiet...Lizards need a special home with warm light and places to hide.”可知，这里介绍乌龟的生活环境，选项G“它们可以生活在有水和石头的箱子里”符合语境。故选G。
45．根据“Each pet has its own needs and personality... but it can also bring us a lot of joy and happiness.”可知，but表示前后存在转折，后文提到积极的方面，前文应是消极方面的内容，选项C“养宠物有时会很累”符合语境。故选C。
46．to relax 47．and 48．is teaching 49．with 50．arrives 51．a 52．things 53．him 54．quickly 55．helpful
【导语】本文主要介绍了一只聪明宠物鸟吓退小偷的趣味故事。
46．句意：他不需要工作，所以他有一些空闲时间做有趣的事来放松一下。 此处应用动词不定式作目的状语，故填to relax。
47．句意：一天，格林先生去一家宠物店买了一只可爱的宠物鸟。前后句为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。
48．句意：这些天，他一直在教吉尔说话，“你好，你现在在做什么？”。根据语境，格林先生这些天一直在教吉尔说话，应用现在进行时（be doing），主语为第三人称单数，be动词用is。故填is teaching。
49．句意：格林先生晚饭后和家人去看电影。根据“his family”可知，是“和”家人一起去看电影，用with“和”。故填with。
50．句意：格林先生离开时，一个年轻人来到格林先生家。结合文章时态，句子为一般现在时，主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词应用单三。故填arrives。
51．句意：这个年轻人不是一个好人。此处表示泛指，且good以辅音音素开头，应用a修饰。故填a。
52．句意：他想带走格林先生家里的一些东西。some修饰可数名词复数。故填things。
53．句意：“你好，你现在在做什么？”吉尔看见那个男人，对他说道。此处应用he的宾格him作宾语。故填him。
54．句意：小偷很害怕，所以他从格林先生家里快速跑了出去。此处应用副词quickly修饰动词短语runs out。故填quickly。
55．句意：你看，一只漂亮的宠物可能会有所帮助。此处应用help的形容词helpful作表语，表达宠物可以是有帮助的。故填helpful。
56．asleep 57．blind 58．smoke 59．allow 60．led 61．service 62．team 63．guest 64．disaster 65．fireman
【导语】本文讲述了导盲犬Max在旅馆突发火灾时，凭借敏锐的觉察力带领盲人主人Evans先生安全逃生，还协助消防员团队救助其他客人，最终让一场可能造成严重后果的灾难得以安全结束的故事，展现了导盲犬的勇敢与忠诚。
56．句意：一天清晨，一只名叫Max的导盲犬没有睡着。根据后文“Max quickly pulled Mr. Evans’s sleeve to wake him.”和备选词汇可知，Max当时处于醒着的状态，即“没有睡着”；asleep为形容词，意为“睡着的”，符合“be+形容词”的结构，用于描述Max的状态。故填asleep。
57．句意：他的主人Evans先生是盲人，他们住在一家小旅馆里。结合“guide dog”的功能 (为盲人提供引导服务)和备选词汇可知，此处需用blind“失明的；盲的”，形容词，能合理说明Evans先生的身份，与导盲犬Max的存在逻辑一致。故填blind。
58．句意：突然，Max闻到走廊传来烟味。根据下文“avoiding the thick smoke”和“the fire alarm rang”以及备选词汇可知，此处指Max闻到了“烟”的气味。smoke作名词时，意为“烟；烟雾”，为不可数名词。故填smoke。
59．句意：旅馆不允许宠物自由跑动，但这是紧急情况。从句子结构“didn’t+动词原形”来看，结合“旅馆对宠物的管理规定”这一语境以及备选词汇可知，此处需填入表示“允许”的动词。allow是动词，意为“允许”符合语境。故填allow。
60．句意：Max带领他的主人穿过黑暗的走廊，避开浓烟。分析句子结构，此处需用动词作谓语，描述Max的行为；结合备选词汇，lead是动词，意为“带领；引导”，由于故事发生在过去，需用一般过去时，lead的过去式为led。“lead sb. through...”表示“带领某人穿过……”，契合Max引导主人逃生的场景。故填led。
61．句意：一名消防员和他的队伍迅速赶到提供紧急服务。根据“provide”和备选词汇可知，此处需用名词作宾语，表示“服务”。service为名词，意为“服务”，“emergency service”表示“紧急服务”，符合消防员团队提供救援服务的语境。故填service。
62．句意：消防员队伍一起努力控制火势，帮助所有客人到安全地带。根据“worked together”和备选词汇可知，此处指“团队”一起控制火势，体现多名消防员协作的场景。故填team。
63．句意：一位客人说：“那只狗太棒了！他救了我们的命。”根据上文“help all the guests to safety”和备选词汇可知，此处是“客人”对Max进行赞扬。guest为可数名词，意为“客人”，“one+可数名词单数”表示“一个……”，因此用单数形式guest。故填guest。
64．句意：多亏了Max的迅速行动，原本可能是一场可怕的灾难安全结束了。根据“terrible”和备选词汇可知，此处需用名词表示“灾难”。disaster是名词，意为“灾难”，“a terrible disaster”表示“一场可怕的灾难”，符合火灾可能引发灾难的语境。故填disaster。
65．句意：消防员拍了拍Max说：“你是个英雄！”根据上文“A fireman and his team arrived quickly...”和备选词汇可知，此处指消防员在表扬Max。fireman“消防员”符合语境。故填fireman。
66．Coral is an animal. 67．By boat. 68．Between June and September. 69．Because there are too many visitors. 70．I/We can pick up the waste when leaving the beach.
【导语】本文讲述了珊瑚礁的现状以及泰国为了保护珊瑚礁而采取的措施。
66．根据“coral (珊瑚) is not a plant, but an animal.”可知珊瑚不是植物，而是动物。故填Coral is an animal.
67．根据“They get there by boat.”可知游客通过乘船到达这个著名的海滩。故填By boat.
68．根据“So Thailand will close the beach between June and September to let the coral come back to life.”可知泰国将在6月到9月期间关闭海滩。故填Between June and September.
69．根据“There is a lot of pollution (污染) on these beaches because of too many visitors”可知由于游客过多，这些海滩上有大量污染。故填Because there are too many visitors.
70．开放性试题，答案不唯一，言之合理即可。故填I/We can pick up the waste when leaving the beach.
71．例文：
My Favorite Animal My favorite animal is the giant panda. They have black-and-white fur. Their bodies are fat. They spend most of their time eating bamboo. Their round faces and slow movements make them look very cute. And they are precious national treasures. To protect pandas, we should protect their bamboo forest homes and stop people from hunting them against the law.
【解析】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇材料作文；
②时态：主要为“一般现在时”；
③提示：围绕最喜爱的动物，介绍其外貌、习性、喜爱原因及保护建议等要点。
[写作步骤]
第一步，点明最喜爱的动物是什么；
第二步，描述这种动物的外貌、习性及自己喜欢它的原因；
第三步，提出保护的具体做法。
[亮点词汇]
①giant panda大熊猫
②black-and-white fur黑白皮毛
③precious national treasures珍贵的国宝
④protect保护
⑤against the law违法地
[高分句型]
①To protect pandas, we should protect their bamboo forest homes and stop people from hunting them against the law. (动词不定式作目的状语)
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