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/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
2025-2026学年八年级英语下册单元能力提升培优卷人教版（2024）
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
注意事项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求 1.本试卷共8页，包含选择题（第1题~第45题，共45题）、非选择题（第46题~第76题，共31题）两部分。本卷满分120分，考试时间为100分钟。考试结束后，请将本试卷一并交回。 2.答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0.5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷的规定位置，在试卷第一面的右下角填写好座位号。
一、单项选择（共15小题；每小题1分，计15分）
在下列各题A、B、C、D四个选项中选择一个能填入题干空白处的最佳答案。
1．My mother always tells me ________ care of my health.
A．take B．takes C．to take D．taking
2．If you have a fever, you should ________ some medicine.
A．take B．eat C．drink D．have
3．It’s ________ to swim in the swimming pool than in the river.
A．safe B．safer C．safest D．the safest
4．You should stop ________ and have a rest if you feel tired.
A．work B．to work C．working D．works
5．Keeping a ________ mood is also a good way to stay healthy.
A．happy B．happily C．happiness D．unhappy
6．He never exercises, so he is in bad _______.
A．healthy B．health C．fit D．fitness
7．—I have a toothache.
—You’d better ________ to see a dentist.
A．go B．to go C．going D．goes
8．She has a cold and the doctor tells her ________ more water.
A．drink B．drinks C．to drink D．drinking
9．We should do more sports ________ keep our bodies healthy.
A．in order to B．in order that C．so that D．such that
10．Don’t stay up late, ________ you will feel tired tomorrow.
A．and B．or C．but D．so
11．He has trouble ________ because of the heavy smoke.
A．breathe B．to breathe C．breathing D．breathed
12．—You look tired. What’s wrong
—I ________ late to watch a movie last night.
A．stayed up B．got up C．stood up D．woke up
13．It’s important ________ us ________ enough sleep every night.
A．for; to have B．of; to have C．for; have D．of; have
14．You should ________ your hands before meals to keep them clean.
A．wash B．washes C．washing D．to wash
15．—What’s wrong with you
—I have a ________ and I can’t eat anything.
A．headache B．stomachache C．cold D．fever
二、完形填空（共 15 小题；每小题1分，计15分）
阅读下面短文，从文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
Judy wasn’t feeling well. She sat down on the sofa and 16 her head. Her 17 was getting worse and worse.
About two hours ago, her mother went down the street to visit Mrs Smith. She didn’t know that Judy was 18 . And she thought, as a nine-year-old girl, Judy was old enough to stay at home by 19 .
To solve her problem, Judy wanted to 20 the TV. She expected that watching TV could make her 21 about the headache. However, it didn’t 22 . She turned off the TV and decided to 23 for some time. She went to the 24 and lay down on the bed. However, she couldn’t sleep.
So Judy got up 25 and went to the bathroom to take a washcloth (小毛巾). She made it 26 with cold water and then she put it on her head. 27 lying down on the bed with the washcloth on her head, Judy started to feel a little better. 28 the washcloth couldn’t stay cold for long. Her head 29 to hurt again.
Judy thought to herself, “I 30 Mum so much. Being at home by myself isn’t fun at all.”
16．A．hurt B．sounded C．smelt D．touched
17．A．stomachache B．headache C．throat D．toothache
18．A．ill B．bored C．tired D．shy
19．A．myself B．himself C．herself D．yourself
20．A．turn on B．look for C．try on D．laugh at
21．A．learn B．care C．think D．forget
22．A．stop B．develop C．show D．help
23．A．relax B．study C．play D．work
24．A．classroom B．bedroom C．bathroom D．kitchen
25．A．happily B．easily. C．slowly D．angrily
26．A．dry B．warm C．wet D．small
27．A．After B．Before C．Under D．Without
28．A．So B．But C．And D．Or
29．A．started B．tried C．fought D．moved
30．A．love B．know C．thank D．miss
三、阅读理解（共15 小题；每小题2分，计30分）
阅读下列内容，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出一个最佳答案。
A
Nowadays, many teenagers don’t have a healthy lifestyle. They often stay up late to play computer games, eat too much junk food and seldom do exercise. As a result, many of them are in bad health and often get ill.
It’s necessary for teenagers to have a healthy lifestyle. First, they should sleep for at least 8 hours every night. Enough sleep can help them study better and keep their bodies strong. Second, they should have a balanced diet. They need to eat more fruit and vegetables, and they can also eat some meat and eggs to get enough protein. Third, they should do more exercise. They can play basketball, football or go swimming with their friends after school. Exercise can not only make them fit but also help them make more friends. Fourth, they should stay away from bad habits like smoking and drinking. These habits are very dangerous for their health.
A healthy lifestyle is very important for teenagers’ growth. It can help them grow up well and have a good future. Teenagers should learn to keep healthy and form good living habits.
31．Why are many teenagers in bad health now
A．They have a good sleeping habit.
B．They eat too much healthy food.
C．They have an unhealthy lifestyle.
D．They do exercise every day.
32．How many hours should teenagers sleep every night
A．At least 7 hours. B．At least 8 hours.
C．At least 9 hours. D．At least 10 hours.
33．What can teenagers eat to get enough protein
A．Fruit and vegetables. B．Junk food.
C．Meat and eggs. D．Rice and noodles.
34．Which of the following is a bad habit for teenagers
A．Playing basketball after school.
B．Going swimming with friends.
C．Smoking and drinking.
D．Eating fruit and vegetables.
35．What’s the main idea of the passage
A．Teenagers should have a healthy lifestyle.
B．Teenagers like to play computer games.
C．Teenagers should eat more junk food.
D．Teenagers seldom do exercise now.
B
Now, walking 10,000 steps a day is a popular goal among people who want to stay fit. However, some researchers looked into how many steps we actually need to stay healthy. Surprisingly, it’s fewer than we thought.
Not long ago, a team of scientists from two universities did a study. According to the study, taking 8,250 steps a day can greatly reduce health risks (风险) and taking 9,700 steps a day is best for those with cardiovascular conditions (心血管疾病). The researchers say that doing moderate (适度的) physical activity is important, no matter how often or how long you do it.
The result is similar to what a study reported in JAMA Internal Medicine in 2022 discovered. Although people who walk 10,000 steps a day have a lower risk of getting cancer than those who walk 8,000 or 6,000 steps a day, they almost won’t benefit more from walking more than 10,000 steps.
What’s more, walking is also good for your emotional well-being. If you have the chance to walk in nature instead of a gym, you will get more benefit. So put on your walking shoes, and take a walk!
36．Why do people want to walk 10,000 steps a day
A．Because they want to get popular.
B．Because they want to keep healthy.
C．Because they have a lot of free time.
D．Because researchers advised them to do so.
37．Henry wants to reduce health risks greatly. He should walk at least steps a day.
A．10,000 B．9,700 C．8,250 D．6,000
38．What is important according to the researchers
A．Walking in a gym. B．Doing sport more often.
C．Spending more time doing sport. D．Doing moderate physical activity.
39．What can we learn from the reading
A．The more people walk a day, the more they benefit.
B．Walking in nature is better for people than walking indoors.
C．It’s almost impossible for people to get cancer if they walk 10,000 steps a day.
D．People with cardiovascular conditions should walk less than healthy people.
40．What is the purpose of the passage
A．To suggest a moderate number of steps.
B．To talk about the importance of walking.
C．To introduce some health problems to people.
D．To ask people to care about their mental health.
B
Health and diseasesNowadays many people have stressful lives. Doctors say that the stress and lack of sleep can cause many diseases. Read what some teenagers say about their health and diseases.
I always think I am a healthy person. I get bad headaches sometimes. If I am very stressed or tired, I will go to bed and take a good rest. Getting enough sleep always makes me feel better. —Kate, 15
I have colds quite often because I don’t eat enough fruit or vegetables. If my colds get too bad, I will go to the doctor and get some medicine. —Maysa, 17
I can’t say I’m healthy, but I’m a sportsperson. I play basketball, football and volleyball. I think I have more energy when I play sports. At the moment, I’ve got a broken arm. So far I have had two operations, but it didn’t have any effect on my studies. —Mitch, 14
When I don’t feel well, traditional Chinese medicine can help me. It can help me with psychological and physical problems. I usually feel better after being treated with acupuncture (针刺疗法). —Rita, 16
41．Mitch plays some sports EXCEPT ______.
A．football B．basketball C．tennis D．volleyball
42．What’s the matter with Mitch at the moment
A．His arm is broken. B．His leg is broken. C．He has a bad cold. D．He has a headache.
43．Who mentions traditional Chinese medicine
A．Kate. B．Maysa. C．Mitch. D．Rita.
44．What does the underlined word “psychological” mean in Chinese
A．身体的 B．心理的 C．严重的 D．轻微的
45．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage
A．Kate is healthy and she never has a headache.
B．Eating healthy food always makes Kate feel better.
C．Maysa has coughs quite often.
D．Rita thinks traditional Chinese medicine is good.
四、词汇运用（共10小题；每小题1分，计10分）
根据句子意思，用括号中所给汉语提示或英语单词的适当形式填空。写出空缺处所填单词的正确形式。
46．She ________ (press) the button to turn on the machine just now.
47．The doctor seldom thought of himself and always thought of ________ (patient) first.
48．A poor diet will ultimately lead to ________ (ill).
49．The witness gave a detailed ________ (describe) of the accident.
50．She left the door unlocked again. Such a ________ (care) habit that always makes her mum worry.
51．Once in a while, I feel a little nervous before a ________ (测验), but I always do my best.
52．He tried to ________ (避免) answering the difficult question.
53．The news of the accident gave everyone a ________ (震惊).
54．The teacher gave us a surprise ________ (测验) this morning.
55．Li Xiang ate too much junk food and had a ________ (胃痛).
五、阅读表达（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
Most injuries (伤害) happen suddenly. For example, if you fall off a bike and break your arms, it happens very quickly. But a computer injures you slowly. Now let me tell you how to use a computer safely.Your eyes
Too much light can injure your eyes, so never sit too close to a computer screen. Your eyes should be at least 50 centimetres from the screen. Remember to look away from it sometimes. This gives your eyes a rest.Your hands and wrists (手腕)
Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times. If you use a keyboard for a long time, follow these three rules:
① Rest your wrists on something.
② Keep your elbows (肘部) at the same height as the keyboard.
③ Stop once in a while and exercise your hands, wrists, and fingers in a different way.
Your back
You shouldn’t bend (弯) your back when you sit at the computer. The top part of the screen should all be in front of your eyes. Your forearms (前臂), wrists, hands, and the upper (上部) part of your legs should all be parallel (平行) to the floor. If you are sitting for a long time, get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs, and neck.
Enjoy your computer, but use it safely.
56．How far should your eyes be from the screen
57．Why should we keep our elbows at the same height as the keyboard
58．What shouldn’t you do when you sit at a computer
59．How often should you get up and exercise if you sit for long
60．What other advice would you give others on using a computer
六、缺词填空（共 10空；每空1分，计10分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lisa is a 14-year-old girl who is allergic to peanuts. She has to be extremely careful about every bite of food she takes every single day.
One sunny Saturday, her best friend Amy invited her to 61 birthday party at Amy’s house. When Lisa arrived, a huge and delicious-looking cake on the table caught her eye. She was so excited that she ate a big piece 62 (happy).
Within just a few minutes, Lisa began to feel 63 (pain) all over her body. Her skin turned red quickly, and she started 64 (cough) badly. What’s worse, she found it hard to breathe. Amy saw Lisa’s condition was getting 65 (bad). She immediately called an ambulance.
When they got to the hospital, the doctor 66 (check) Lisa thoroughly. The doctor said Lisa’s situation was serious 67 she ate too many peanuts. Then the doctor gave her some 68 (pill) and decided to keep her in the hospital for further observation.
After staying in the hospital for a whole night, 69 the help of the medical treatment, Lisa felt much better the next morning. She realized deeply that she should be even more careful to stop such a terrible thing from 70 (happen) again, no matter how delicious the food might look.
七、书面表达（计30分）
A.句子翻译（共5 小题；每小题2分，计10分）
将下列句子译成英语，并将所译句子写在横线上。
71．如果我们不够小心，就很容易伤到自己。
__________________________________________
72．事实上，你应该避免过于频繁地使用手机。
__________________________________________
73．在运动中事故经常发生。下次要多加小心！
__________________________________________
74．为了保护眼睛，每20分钟，你应该休息自己的眼睛，看一些远处的物体。
__________________________________________
75．而且，你应该调整屏幕的亮度以尝试与环境相匹配。
__________________________________________
B.写作（计20分）
76．假如你是李华，你班组织了一场关于健康生活的分享活动。请你结合以下提示，用英语给外籍老师 Smith 先生写一封电子邮件，简要介绍此次活动并邀请他参加。词数80左右。
Healthy Life Sharing Activity
When ＊at 8:30 ＊on Saturday morning
Where ＊In the classroom
Why ＊share ideas ＊learn from each other
What ＊share how we usually stay healthy ＊talk about how to be kind and keep happy ＊...
注意事项：
1. 必须包含所提示的信息，可适当发挥，开头已给出，不计入总词数；
2. 意思清楚、表达通顺、行文连贯、书写规范；
3. 请勿在文中使用真实的姓名、校名及提示信息以外的地名。
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m glad to tell you our class will have a healthy life sharing activity.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 单元培优卷 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．C
【解析】句意：我妈妈总是告诉我要照顾好自己的身体。
固定搭配tell sb. to do sth.意为“告诉某人做某事”，动词不定式作宾语补足语。
2．A
【解析】句意：如果你发烧了，你应该服用一些药。
take服用；eat吃；drink喝；have有。根据“some medicine”可知，英语中表达“吃药”常用固定搭配“take medicine”。应填take。
3．B
【解析】句意：在游泳池游泳比在河里游泳更安全。
safe安全的；safer更安全的；safest最安全的；the safest最安全的。根据句中的关键词“than”可知，此处表示两者之间的比较，应用形容词safe的比较级形式safer。
4．C
【解析】句意：如果你感到累，你应该停止工作并休息一下。
stop doing sth.意为“停止正在做的事情”；stop to do sth.意为“停下来去做另一件事”。根据“if you feel tired”和“have a rest”可知，此处指停止正在做的工作，应填working。
5．A
【解析】句意：保持一个快乐的心情也是保持健康的好方法。
happy快乐的；happily快乐地；happiness快乐；unhappy不快乐的。空处修饰名词mood，需用形容词，排除B、C项；根据“stay healthy”可知应保持积极心态，应填happy。
6．B
【解析】句意：他从不锻炼，所以他的健康状况很差。
healthy健康的；health健康；fit健康的；fitness健康。根据“in bad”可知，此处应用名词，in bad health意为“健康状况不好”，是固定搭配，应填health。
7．A
【解析】句意：——我牙疼。——你最好去看牙医。
情态动词“had better”后接动词原形，应填go。
8．C
【解析】句意：她感冒了，医生告诉她要多喝水。
根据固定搭配“tell sb. to do sth.”表示“告诉某人做某事”，可知此处应用动词不定式。故选 C。
9．A
【解析】句意：我们应该多做运动，以保持身体健康。
in order to为了；in order that为了；so that以便；such that是这样……以致。“keep our bodies healthy”为动词短语，应用不定式表目的，in order to符合语境。
10．B
【解析】句意：不要熬夜，否则你明天会感到疲倦。
and和；or否则；but但是；so所以。前文“Don’t stay up late”是否定祈使句，后文“you will feel tired tomorrow”是不做前句动作会产生的后果，符合“否定祈使句 + or + 陈述句”结构，表示“否则”。
11．C
【解析】句意：由于浓烟，他呼吸有困难。
根据固定短语“have trouble (in) doing sth.”可知，该短语表示“做某事有困难”，后需接动名词形式；breathe的动名词是breathing。
12．A
【解析】句意：——你看起来很累。怎么了？——我昨晚熬夜看电影了。
stayed up熬夜；got up起床；stood up站起来；woke up醒来。根据“You look tired.”可知对方状态疲惫，需要解释原因。结合“last night”，推测是因为“熬夜”导致劳累，应填stayed up。
13．A
【解析】句意：对我们来说，每晚有足够的睡眠很重要。
It is+adj.+for sb.+to do sth.“对某人来说做某事很重要”，固定句型，第一空填介词for，第二空用不定式结构to have。
14．A
【解析】句意：你应该在饭前洗手以保持手部清洁。
根据“You should…your hands”可知，should为情态动词，其后必须接动词原形。
15．B
【解析】句意：——你怎么了？——我胃痛，什么都吃不下。
headache头痛；stomachache胃痛；cold感冒；fever发烧。根据答语中“and I can’t eat anything”可知，无法进食，推测是胃部疼痛导致。
16．D 17．B 18．A 19．C 20．A 21．D 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．C 27．A 28．B 29．A 30．D
【导语】本文讲述了九岁女孩朱迪身体不舒服，独自在家时尝试缓解不适、思念妈妈的故事。
16．句意：她坐在沙发上，摸了摸她的头。
根据上下文，朱迪不舒服，结合选项，touched（触摸）符合语境，hurt（受伤）、sounded（听起来）、smelt（闻起来）均与“不舒服时摸头”的动作不符。
17．句意：她的头痛越来越严重了。
结合后文“about the headache”可知，朱迪患的是头痛，应选headache“头疼”。
18．句意：她不知道朱迪生病了。
根据前文“Judy wasn’t feeling well”，可知朱迪是生病了，ill“生病的”符合。
19．句意：她认为，作为一个九岁的女孩，朱迪已经足够大，可以自己待在家里了。
by oneself“独自地”，主语是Judy（女孩），反身代词应用herself。
20．句意：为了解决她的不适，朱迪想打开电视。
结合后文“turned off the TV”，可知此处是“打开电视”，应选turn on（打开）与后文形成对比。
21．句意：她希望看电视能让她忘记头痛。
结合语境，朱迪看电视是为了缓解头痛，忘记头痛，forget“忘记”符合。
22．句意：然而，这并没有帮助。
结合后文朱迪关掉电视，可知看电视没有缓解她的头痛，没有起到帮助作用，应选help。
23．句意：她关掉电视，决定休息一会儿。
结合前文朱迪不舒服，关掉电视后应是休息，应选relax（休息、放松）。
24．句意：她去了卧室，躺在床上。
结合“lay down on the bed”，可知是去卧室，应选bedroom。
25．句意：于是朱迪慢慢站起来，去浴室拿了一块小毛巾。
朱迪身体不舒服，站起来的动作应该是缓慢的，slowly“慢慢地”，符合语境。
26．句意：她用冷水把毛巾弄湿，然后敷在头上。
结合“cold water”和“put it on her head”，可知是把毛巾弄湿，wet“湿的”，符合。
27．句意：把湿毛巾敷在头上躺在床上后，朱迪开始感觉好一点了。
结合语境，先敷毛巾再感觉好转，用After（在……之后）表示先后顺序。
28．句意：但是毛巾不能长时间保持冰凉。
前文说朱迪感觉好一点，后文说头痛又发作，是转折关系，But（但是）符合。
29．句意：她的头又开始疼了。
结合前文毛巾不凉了，可知头痛再次发作，started（开始）符合语境。
30．句意：我非常想念妈妈。
结合前文朱迪不舒服、妈妈不在家的描述，可知是想念妈妈，用miss“想念”。
31．C 32．B 33．C 34．C 35．A
【导语】本文主要讲述了青少年不健康的生活方式及其危害，并从睡眠、饮食、运动和习惯四个方面给出了健康生活方式的建议，强调了健康生活方式对青少年成长的重要性。
31．第一段指出：“Nowadays, many teenagers don’t have a healthy lifestyle. They often stay up late to play computer games, eat too much junk food and seldom do exercise. As a result, many of them are in bad health and often get ill.”，开篇直接指出青少年身体差的原因是不健康的生活方式，包括熬夜、吃垃圾食品、很少锻炼。
32．第二段指出：“First, they should sleep for at least 8 hours every night.”，明确建议青少年每晚至少睡8小时。
33．第二段指出：“They need to eat more fruit and vegetables, and they can also eat some meat and eggs to get enough protein.”，说明青少年可以通过吃肉和蛋来获取足够的蛋白质。
34．第二段指出：“Fourth, they should stay away from bad habits like smoking and drinking. These habits are very dangerous for their health.”，文中将吸烟和饮酒列为对健康有害的坏习惯。
35．全文围绕 “青少年需要健康生活方式”展开，先讲不健康生活方式的危害，再给出具体建议，最后强调其重要性，A项符合。
36．B 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．A
【导语】本文主要介绍了虽然很多人以走10,000步为目标，但研究发现，减少健康风险只需走8,250步，而有心血管疾病的人走9,700步效果最好。研究还强调，适度运动比步数更重要，而且在自然环境中散步比室内更有益。
36．文章第一句明确提到“walking 10,000 steps a day is a popular goal among people who want to stay fit”，表明每日行走10,000步是希望保持体形者普遍追求的目标，“stay fit”就是“keep healthy”的同义替换。
37．第二段明确指出“taking 8,250 steps a day can greatly reduce health risks”，明确说明每天走8,250步就能大幅降低健康风险。
38．第二段最后一句“The researchers say that doing moderate physical activity is important”直接给出了答案。
39．最后一段提到“If you have the chance to walk in nature instead of a gym, you will get more benefit”，说明户外行走比室内（健身房）好处更多。
40．本文开篇纠正大众“每天必须走10,000步”的误区，通过研究说明不需要走那么多，适度的步数就足够健康，核心目的是建议大家走适度的步数。
41．C 42．A 43．D 44．B 45．D
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了几位青少年的健康状况、疾病情况及应对方式。
41．第四段指出事实：“I play basketball, football and volleyball.”，说明Mitch从事的运动不包括网球。
42．第四段指出现状：“At the moment, I’ve got a broken arm.”，说明Mitch现在胳膊骨折了。
43．第五段指出人物：“When I don’t feel well, traditional Chinese medicine can help me.”，说明Rita提到了中医。
44．第五段解释词义：“It can help me with psychological and physical problems.”，与“身体的”相对应，可判断psychological意为“心理的”。
45．第五段判断正误：“When I don’t feel well, traditional Chinese medicine can help me.”，说明Rita认为中医是有帮助的。
46．pressed
【解析】句意：刚才她按下这个按钮来打开这台机器。press“按”，是动词，just now意为“刚才”，是一般过去时的时间状语，句子是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，press的过去式是pressed。
47．patients
【解析】句意：这位医生很少考虑他自己，总是先考虑病人。patient意为“病人”，是可数名词，此处用其复数形式表示泛指。patient的复数是patients。
48．illness
【解析】句意：不良的饮食最终会导致疾病。句中“lead to”表示“导致”，其中“to”为介词，此处应用名词illness作宾语，此处指抽象概念。
49．description
【解析】句意：目击者详细描述了这起事故。 此处需要名词作“gave”的宾语，“describe（描述）”对应的名词是“description”，“a detailed description”表示“详细的描述”，故填description。
50．careless
【解析】句意：她又没锁门。这样一个粗心的习惯总是让她妈妈担心。“habit”为名词，前面应用形容词修饰，根据“She left the door unlocked again.”可知，这是一个粗心的习惯，careless“粗心的”符合。
51．test/quiz
【解析】句意：偶尔，我会在测验前感到有点紧张，但我总是尽最大努力。 不定冠词a后接可数名词单数，“测验”对应的单词是test或quiz。
52．avoid
【解析】句意：他试着避免回答那个难题。avoid“避免”，tried to后接动词原形。
53．shock
【解析】句意：事故的消息让每个人都感到一阵震惊。不定冠词后接单数可数名词，固定搭配give sb a shock意为“让某人感到震惊”，shock作可数名词时，表示“震惊”。
54．test/quiz
【解析】句意：今天早上老师给我们来了个突然的测验。空格前已有不定冠词a，因此用名词单数形式；test/quiz作可数名词，表示“测验”。
55．stomachache
【解析】句意：李翔吃了太多垃圾食品，得了胃痛。根据中文提示可知，“胃痛”对应的英文是stomachache，是可数名词，不定冠词a后接名词单数。
56．At least 50 centimetres. 57．To avoid hand and wrist injuries. 58．We shouldn’t bend our backs. 59．Every 30 minutes. 60．We shouldn’t use the computer for too long.
【导语】本文介绍了电脑使用带来的慢性伤害，并从眼睛、手腕、背部三方面给出安全使用电脑的建议。
56．第二段指出：“Your eyes should be at least 50 centimetres from the screen.”，这是眼睛与屏幕应保持的距离，直接提取即可。
57．第三段说明：“Hand and wrist injuries can happen because the hands and wrists are moved in the same way hundreds of times.”，保持肘部与键盘同高是为了避免手腕和手部受伤。
58．第四段提到：“You shouldn’t bend your back when you sit at the computer.”，这是使用电脑时不应做的事，直接提取即可。
59．第四段指出：“get up every 30 minutes and exercise your arms, legs, and neck.”，这是久坐后应起身活动的频率，直接提取即可。
60．本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，可结合文章内容和生活常识提出合理建议，例如不要长时间使用电脑，定时远眺放松眼睛。
61．a 62．happily 63．painful 64．to cough/coughing 65．worse 66．checked 67．because 68．pills 69．with 70．happening
【导语】本文讲述了对花生过敏的女孩Lisa，在朋友的生日派对上误食含花生的蛋糕而引发严重过敏、紧急送医救治的经历，告诫人们要重视食物过敏，饮食上时刻小心、防范危险。
61．句意：一个晴朗的周六，她最好的朋友Amy邀请她去家里参加一场生日派对。空格后“party”是单数可数名词，且是第一次提到，前加不定冠词表泛指；“birthday”以辅音音素开头，应用a。
62．句意：她太兴奋了，开心地吃了一大块。空格修饰动词“ate”，需用副词作状语；happy为形容词，其副词形式为happily。
63．句意：几分钟后，Lisa开始感到浑身疼痛。“feel”为系动词，后接形容词作表语；pain为名词，其形容词形式为painful。
64．句意：她皮肤很快变红，开始剧烈咳嗽。start to do/doing sth.“开始做某事”，固定搭配，应填to cough/coughing。
65．句意：Amy发现Lisa的情况变得更糟了。空格前“getting”表示“变得”，后接形容词比较级体现变化，bad的比较级为worse。
66．句意：到医院后，医生给Lisa做了全面检查。句子叙述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词check的过去式为checked。
67．句意：医生说Lisa的情况严重，因为她吃了太多花生。前后分句为因果关系，缺少表示原因的连词，应用because引导原因状语从句。
68．句意：然后医生给她开了一些药片，并决定让她留院进一步观察。空格前“some”后接可数名词复数或不可数名词，可数名词pill的复数形式是pills。
69．句意：在医院住了一整晚后，在医疗治疗的帮助下，Lisa第二天早上感觉好多了。with the help of“在……帮助下”，介词短语。
70．句意：她深刻意识到，无论食物看起来多么美味，自己都要更加小心，防止这类可怕的事情再次发生。stop...from doing sth.“阻止……去做某事”，固定搭配，其中“from”为介词，后接动名词happening。
71．If we aren’t careful enough, we will easily hurt ourselves.
【解析】这是if引导的条件状语从句，遵循主将从现原则：从句（if引导的条件部分）用一般现在时，主句用一般将来时（will+动词原形）；主语是we“我们”；enough修饰形容词时要放在形容词后面，所以“不够小心”是aren’t careful enough；easily“容易”副词修饰动词，hurt ourselves“伤到自己”（主语是we“我们”，对应反身代词ourselves“我们自己”）。故填If we aren’t careful enough, we will easily hurt ourselves.
72．In fact, you should avoid using your phone too often.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句表述一般情况，用一般现在时。“事实上”英文为“In fact”，作插入语，用于引出实际情况，常置于句首并用逗号隔开；“你应该避免过于频繁地使用手机”英文为“you should avoid using your phone too often”，作主句，情态动词should后接动词原形avoid，且avoid后需跟动名词using作宾语，too often作状语修饰using。故填In fact, you should avoid using your phone too often.
73．Accidents often happen in sport. Be more careful next time!
【解析】分析句子可知，前半句描述普遍现象，时态为一般现在时；后半句为祈使句表提醒。事故：Accidents（句首单词首字母大写）；经常发生：often happen；在运动中：in sport；下次要多加小心：Be more careful next time!（祈使句以动词原形Be开头）。故填Accidents often happen in sport. Be more careful next time!
74．To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you should rest your eyes and look at something far away.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句为祈使含义的陈述句。“为了保护眼睛”英文为“To protect your eyes”，作目的状语，用不定式结构表目的；“每20分钟”英文为“every 20 minutes”，作时间状语；“你应该休息自己的眼睛，看一些远处的物体”英文为“you should rest your eyes and look at something far away”，作主句，情态动词should后接动词原形rest和look at构成并列谓语。故填To protect your eyes, every 20 minutes, you should rest your eyes and look at something far away.
75．What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment.
【解析】根据汉语意思可知，本句时态为一般现在时。“而且”英文为“What’s more”，句首字母大写；“你”英文为“you”；“应该”英文为“should”，情态动词，后加动词原形；“调整屏幕的亮度”英文为“change your screen’s brightness”；“以尝试与……相匹配”英文为“to try and match”；“环境”英文为“your environment”。故填What’s more, you should change your screen’s brightness to try and match your environment.
76．
Dear Mr Smith,
I’m glad to tell you our class will have a healthy life sharing activity.
It will be held at 8:30 on Saturday morning in our classroom. We will share our ideas about how to stay healthy and learn from each other. Some students will talk about how they usually keep healthy by doing sports or eating well. Others will share ways to be kind and keep happy in daily life.
We think it will be interesting and helpful. We would be very happy if you could come and join us. Please let us know if you have time.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua
【解析】写作步骤
[第一步：审题立意]
确定文体：应用文（电子邮件/邀请信）
明确要点：活动时间、活动地点、活动原因、活动内容
确定人称：第一人称（we）和第二人称（you）
注意事项：需包含表格中所有提示信息，开头已给出，注意邀请信的礼貌语气和邮件格式
[第二步：构思布局]
三段式结构：
开头段：已给出，告知将举办健康生活分享活动
主体段：详细介绍活动的时间、地点、原因及具体内容
结尾段：发出邀请并期待回复
[第三步：要点展开]
要点一：活动时间地点
时间表达：at 8:30 on Saturday morning/at 8:30 a.m. this Saturday/on Saturday morning at 8:30等
地点表达：in our classroom/in Classroom 201等
要点二：活动原因
分享想法：share our ideas/share our opinions/exchange ideas等
互相学习：learn from each other/learn from others/get new ideas from classmates等
要点三：活动内容
保持健康：share our ideas about how to stay healthy/talk about how to keep healthy/discuss healthy habits等
具体方式：doing sports/playing basketball/eating well/eating healthy food等
友善快乐：ways to be kind and keep happy/how to be kind and keep happy/stay kind and happy等
其他内容：talk about how they usually keep healthy by doing sports or eating well/share ways to relax ourselves after study/share how we keep a regular sleep schedule等
要点四：邀请表达
发出邀请：would be very happy if you could come/hope you can join us/welcome to our activity等
请求回复：let us know if you have time/please tell us if you can come/looking forward to your reply等
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

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