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教学课件
沪外教英语八年级下册
Unit5 语法专项—不定式作宾语补足语
全解精讲+分层练习
学习目标
1.理解不定式作宾语补足语的核心定义及结构
2.掌握带to/不带to不定式的两类核心用法
3.熟记三类接宾补的动词，能准确搭配不定式
4.掌握被动语态下的特殊规则和否定形式
5.灵活运用知识点完成各类题型解题，规避易错点
语法核心定义
不定式作宾语补足语：补充说明宾语的动作/状态
核心结构：verb + object + (to) do
(to) do含义：可接带to不定式，也可接不带to不定式
作用：让句子语义更完整，明确宾语发出的具体动作
两种不定式形式
1.带to不定式（to-infinitive）：to + 动词原形
例：want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
2.不带to不定式（bare infinitive）：直接用动词原形
例：make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
关键：不同动词搭配不同形式，需重点记忆
核心考点三类接宾补的动词（一）
动词类型 搭配结构 核心特点
接to do verb + sb. + to do 后必须加to，不可省略
接do verb + sb. + do 后直接接动词原形，省略to
可接do/to do verb + sb. + (to) do to可加可省，两种都正确
核心考点 三类接宾补的动词（二）
接to do的常见动词
allow, ask, advise, encourage, remind, invite
warn, expect, want, wish, order, believe, need
例句：My teacher encourages me to study hard.
核心考点 三类接宾补的动词（三）
接do的常见动词（分两类）
1.使役动词：make, let, have（让、使）
2.感官动词：see, hear, feel, watch, notice（看、听、感觉）
例句：Music makes me feel happy.
例句：I hear her sing a song.
核心考点 三类接宾补的动词（四）
可接do/to do的唯一核心动词
help：help sb. do sth. / help sb. to do sth.
两种搭配均正确，无语法错误
例句1：She helps me (to) finish my homework.
例句2：We help him (to) carry the box.
小练习 动词搭配判断
判断下列动词接哪种不定式形式
1.want → __________ 2. make → __________
3.help → __________ 4. hear → __________
5.advise → __________ 6. let → __________
to do
do
(to) do
do
to do
do
高频考点 被动语态的特殊规则
核心规则：使役/感官动词用于被动时，原本省略的to必须补上
口诀：主动省to，被动加to
关键动词：make, see, hear, feel, watch, notice, let
被动语态特殊规则 例句解析
主动语态（省to）
1.We made him clean the room.
2.I saw her dance in the park.
被动语态（加to）
1.He was made to clean the room.
2.She was seen to dance in the park.
小练习 主动变被动（补to）
将下列主动句改为被动句，注意加to
1.My mother lets me watch TV.
→ I ______ ______ ______ watch TV by my mother.
2.They heard her sing a song.
→ She ______ ______ ______ sing a song by them.
am let to
was heard to
关键用法 不定式的否定形式
核心规则：在to前加not，构成not to do
结构：verb + sb. + not to do sth.
注意：not不可放在do后，这是高频易错点
例句：The teacher tells us not to be late.
否定形式 例句解析
1.My parents warn me not to play with fire.
译：父母警告我不要玩火。
2.He asks me not to tell others the secret.
译：他让我不要把秘密告诉别人。
3.错误示范：He asks me to not tell others.（×）
小练习 补全否定形式
根据规则，补全下列句子
1.The teacher advises us ______ ______ ______ (not talk) in class.
2.I want him ______ ______ _______(not go) out at night.
3.She reminds me ______ ______ _______ (not forget) the meeting.
not to talk
not to go
not to forget
拓展 易混点辨析
不定式宾补 vs 不定式作宾语
1.不定式作宾补：verb + 宾语 + (to) do（有宾语）
例：I want her to go.（her是宾语，to go是宾补）
2.不定式作宾语：verb + (to) do（无宾语）
例：I want to go.（to go是宾语，无其他宾语）
拓展 感官动词的特殊用法
感官动词后除了接do，还可接doing
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做了某事（全过程）
see sb. doing sth. 看见某人正在做某事（进行中）
例句：I see her read a book.（看见读书的全过程）
例句：I see her reading a book.（看见正在读书）
语法小测 判断正误
判断下列句子正误，标注错误原因
1.My mother makes me to finish my homework.
2.He helps me (to) carry the bag.
3.She was seen dance in the hall.
4.The teacher tells us to not run in the hall.
× 去掉to
√
× dance前加to
× to not→not to
语法小结 核心框架（一）
1.核心结构：动词+宾语+(to) do，补充说明宾语的动作
2.两种形式：带to不定式/不带to不定式，由动词决定
3.三类动词：接to do/接do/可接do/to do（help）
4.使役/感官动词：make/let/have/see/hear/feel等
语法小结 核心框架（二）
1.被动规则：使役/感官动词被动时，省略的to必须补上
2.否定形式：not加在to前，即not to do，不可颠倒
3.易混区分：有宾语是宾补，无宾语是不定式作宾语
4.感官动词：do表全过程，doing表正在进行
单项选择
1.My parents want me ____________ a doctor in the future.
A. be B. to be C. being D. was
2.The teacher made us ____________ the text twice.
A. read B. to read C. reading D. readed
3.I hear someone ____________ my name outside the door.
A. call B. to call C. calling D. called
4.She helps me ____________ my English every day.
A. learn B. to learn C. A and B D. learned
5.The boss ordered his workers ____________ hard every day.
A. work B. to work C. working D. worked
B
A
A
C
B
6.He was made ____________ the work all by himself.
A. finish B. to finish C. finishing D. finished
7.I warn you ____________ close to the dog. It’s dangerous.
A. not B. not to C. to not D. don’t
8.We let the kids ____________ games in the park freely.
A. play B. to play C. playing D. played
9.They expect ____________ the match next week.
A. win B. to win C. winning D. won
10.She was seen ____________ the classroom just now.
A. clean B. to clean C. cleaning D. cleaned
B
B
A
B
B
用所给动词正确形式填空
1.The teacher asks us ____________ (keep) the classroom clean.
2.Music makes me ____________ (feel) relaxed after study.
3.He helps his mother ____________ (cook) dinner every evening.
4.I heard her ____________ (sing) a beautiful song yesterday.
5.My father wants me ____________ (learn) to play the piano.
to keep
feel
to cook
sing
to learn
6.The boss made the workers ____________ (work) for 10 hours a day.
7.She warns me ____________ (not touch) the broken glass.
8.We invite our friends ____________ (come) to our birthday party.
9.He was seen ____________ (go) into the building just now.
10.My teacher encourages me ____________ (try) my best to study.
work
not to touch
to come
to go
to try
句型转换（主动变被动）
1.We make the students do morning exercises every day.
2.I see him play basketball on the playground every day.
3.The teacher lets us read English for 20 minutes every morning.
4.They hear the girl sing in the music room every afternoon.
The students are made to do morning exercises every day (by us).
He is seen to play basketball on the playground every day (by me).
We are let to read English for 20 minutes every morning (by the teacher).
The girl is heard to sing in the music room every afternoon (by them).
改写句子（变为否定形式）
1.My mother tells me to go to bed early.
2.The teacher asks us to finish the homework on time.
3.He wants his son to play computer games for a long time.
4.She invites me to go to the cinema with her.
My mother tells me not to go to bed early.
The teacher asks us not to finish the homework on time.
He wants his son not to play computer games for a long time.
She invites me not to go to the cinema with her.
短文填空（用所给动词正确形式）
Music is an important part of my life. It makes me ____________ (feel) happy when I am sad. My music teacher encourages me ____________ (join) the school music club. She teaches me to play the piano and helps me ____________ (improve) my skills. My parents want me ____________ (practice) the piano every day. I often hear my classmates ____________ (sing) songs in the classroom. I hope music can always help me ____________ (be) a better person.
feel
to join
(to) improve
to practice
sing
(to) be
课堂总结 核心知识点回顾
1.不定式作宾补结构：动词+宾语+(to) do，由动词定to的取舍
2.接do的动词：使役动词（make/let/have）+感官动词
3.被动特殊规则：主动省to，被动加to，熟记核心动词
4.否定形式：not加在to前，即not to do，不可错位
课堂总结 高频易错点梳理
1.不可在make/let/see等动词后加to（主动语态）
2.被动语态中，不可忘记给上述动词补to
3.否定不定式时，not不可放在to后，避免语序错误
4.help后to可加可省，两种形式均正确，无需纠结
教学课件
Unit5 语法专项—不定式作宾语补足语
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