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(共19张PPT)
2026届高三第一轮复习(Grammar 3)
The analysis of long and difficult sentences
Period 1
1)[ ]The students all love their English teacher.
2)[ ] They came with a book in hand.
3)[ ]Watching TV too much is bad for your eyes.
4)[ ]It is very hard to understand the old man.
5)[ ]Environmental protection is of vital importance 6)[ ]Whether there is life on the Mark is still unknown.
n.
doing
pron.
to do
句子
：放在 句首，动作发出者
名短
语从句 Whether
Task1: reviewing homework
主语
Step1: Revision and consolidation
1)[ ]They always ignore their children.
2)[ ]She lived in a tiny house with her puppy.
3)[ ]He is a teacher!
4)[ ]We can’t be addicted to games too much.
5)[ ]They were playing on the beach.
6)[ ]She always turned off TV at 9 p.m.
vt.
vi.
系
情态+v
助+v
放在 主语之后，可做谓语的只有动词，表示主语发出的动作，说明主语是什么或状态的词。
动短
谓
动词按功能分：
1.V 系2.V实
3.V助 4.V情
________：_________ or ___________
1)[ ]I like Chinese very much.
2)[ ]They believe me.
3)[ ]I am fond of appreciating the moon with my friends.
4)[ ]They decided to refuse their proposals.
5)[ ]We are talking about Teacher’s Day.
6)[ ]We expected that more people will join us.
动作承受者 实意动词后 介词之后
n.
pro.
句子
doing
to do
名短
宾语从句 that
宾
及物/不及物
1)[ ]They are tour guides.
2)[ ]That ice cream tastes wonderful.
3)[ ]The exquisite gifts are theirs.
4)[ ]My lucky number is 10.
5)[ ]Our goal is to carve a stone statue.
6)[ ]What she likes most is reading alone in library.
7)[ ]The reason why I am late is that my mother is ill.
表
n.
v-ing
to do
数词
pro.
adj.
句子
放在 系动词 之后的成分，和系动词一起构成谓语
感官:sound,taste,smell,feel,look
变化:turn,get ，become, grow ,go
状态:stay,keep,remain保持
表象：seem,appear 似乎，好像
be: am is are was were
表语从句 that
无被动，无进行
1)[ ]His mother always asks him to help her with housework.
2)[ ]I saw him cleaning the window yesterday.
3)[ ]I will have my car washed tomorrow.
4)[ ]We should always keep our rooms clean.
5)[ ]We found him at school.
6)[ ]Don’t make everybody your enemy!
to do
v-ing
v-p.p.
adj.
宾语补足语
介短
名词/名短
即 宾语的补语，对宾语补充说明
1)[ ]They are distinguished bridge designer.
2)[ ]What is the box on the chair
4)[ ]Could you bring me something to drink
5)[ ]Do you know the girl standing here alone
6)[ ]The book written by Wang Li is a hit among the young.
7)[ ]There are some excellent cities famous for food.
8)[ ]This is a broken vase.
9)[ ]The man who is talking with our teacher is headmaster
定
修饰 名词或名词词组，相当于形容词的作用
adj.
句子
介短
to do
v-ing
vp.p.
形容词短语
vp.p.
定语从句 who
前置定语（词）
后置定语（词组或句子）
1)[ ]Unluckily，I lost all my luggage.
3)[ ]Hearing the news, they all jumped with joy.
4)[ ]They went to Shanghai to have a meeting.
5)[ ]Please park the car in front of the building.
6)[ ]Seen from the top,the mountain is large.
.8)[ ] In the classroom, there are many students.
9)[ ]Safe and sound,we went home.
7)[ ] Though she is poor, she is rich in mind.
adv
V-ing
To do
介短
vp.p.
句子
介短
adj
状语从句 Though
修饰形容词，动词，副词或整个句子，进一步说明动作的状态，方式，时间，地点，程度，方式，原因，目的，条件，结果和伴随情况等。
状
1)[ ]We students should study hard.
2)[ ]Mr. Liu, our new headmaster, is very kind but strict with us.
3)[ ]Miss Li holds the belief that we have great potential.
名短
名词
句子
对一个名词或名词短语进行解释，补充说明的成分。
同位语从句 that
同位语:
抽象的名词, 有双逗号
1 . I like the teachers in the classroom.
2. Most of the students in the school want to go to college.
3. You will find school very cool after you leave school.
4. With a sweet smile on the face, Miss Li felt supported.
5. The old man sitting at the gate said he was handsome.
Task 2 Component identification(3mins)
Step1: Revision and consolidation
难
句
长
分
析
1. 特点？
2. 分析？(衔接高考)
1. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. (2024新高考)
2.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700.
Tips:
backbone components （主干成分）and modifiers（修饰成分）
1. Then he tried acupuncture, an ancient Chinese practice, and was amazed that he improved after two or three treatments. (2024新高考)
.
（3mins）
Activity1：Pair-work
Activity1：Pair-work
2.Farber is certain that the holistic approach will grow more popular with time, and if the past is any indication, he may be right: Since 1982, membership in the American Holistic Veterinary Medical Association has grown from 30 to over 700. (2024新高考)
长难句特点：
主干（简单句）+修饰成分（多个）+并列成分（注意标点号）
主谓/主系表
定/状/同
but/and/or/so
冒破逗
[状]， ( 定 )主( 定 ） [ 状]谓 ( 定)宾( 定 ) 宾补 , [状]
[a/ab/abc]， ( a )主( ab/abc ） [ a]谓 ( a)宾( ab/abc ) 宾补 , [ab/abc]
方法：
先找准主干，再明确修饰, 注意并列和符号
谓
注：英语中，逗号不能连接两个单独的句子
a---词，
ab---短语；
abc--c从句
Summary
逗号--非限，状语，同位语,插入成分
冒号，破折号--解释
But equally important is the mental aspect. Reading researchers have proposed a theory called “shallowing hypothesis (假说)”. According to this theory, people approach digital texts with a mindset suited to social media, which are often not so serious, and devote less mental effort than when they are reading print. 2024新高考I卷 （C）
29. What does the shallowing hypothesis assume(假定，认为)
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.
B. Digital texts are simpler to understand.
C People select digital texts randomly.
D.Digital texts are suitable for social media.
A. Readers treat digital texts lightly.
译：根据这一理论，人们以适合社交媒体的心态接触数字文本，这些文本通常不那么严肃，与阅读印刷品时相比，投入的精神努力也更少。
Activity 2 challenge yourself(1min)
treat...lightly 随意对待...
take....seriously 谨慎对待...
“We were particularly interested in exploring the aspects of sampling that tend to bias (使有偏差) data, like the greater likelihood of a citizen scientist to take a picture of a flowering plant instead of the grass right next to it,” said Daru. 2024新高考I卷 （D）
34.What has led to the biases according to the study
A. Mistakes in data analysis.
B. Poor quality of uploaded pictures.
C. Improper way of sampling.
D. Unreliable data collection devices.
C. Improper way of sampling
that tend to bias (使有偏差) data
tend to +do 趋向于...
lead to 导致
sampling
Activity 2 challenge yourself(1min)
译：Daru 说“我们特别感兴趣的是探索取样容易产生数据偏差的方面，比如公民科学家更有可能拍摄开花植物的照片，而不是它旁边的草。
（2024年新高考I卷）……. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ______ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for the first time. ……
译：____________________________________________
Activity 2 challenge yourself (1min)
Conclusion
1.熟悉句子成分，正确划分句子结构
2.长难句的分析和理解
词汇奠基需四记，
句法定框刻心里。
眼抓主干再落细，
长难再难为难你。
词性，词义，派生，搭配
主干和修饰，并列和符号
自信，坚持努力
+ exercises on dividing sentence structure
Homework

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