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(共27张PPT)
Unit 2
1. illustrate v.
1）插图
illustrate sth. with sth. 给…加插图
他的讲座配有探险期间拍摄的照片作为插图。
His lecture was illustrated with photos taken during the expedition.
2）（举例）说明；阐明
为了说明我的观点，让我给你讲个小故事。
To illustrate my point, let me tell you a little story.
[词形转换]
1）illustration n. 图表，插图；解释
2）illustrator n. 插图画家
3）illustrative adj. 说明的；解释性的
2. entrust v. 委托；托付
entrust A (to B) 托付某人某事
他把这项任务托付给了侄子。
He entrusted the task to his nephew.
entrust B with A 托付某人某事
他把这项任务托付给了侄子。
He entrusted his nephew with the task.
3. marriage n. 婚姻；结婚
她所有子女的婚姻均以离婚告终。
All of her children’s marriages ended in divorce.
[词形转换]
1）marry v. 结婚
marry sb. 和某人结婚
她嫁给了一个德国人。
She married a German.
2）married adj. 已婚的
get/ be married (to)（和…）结婚
你们结婚多久了？
How long have you been married
4. majority n. 大多数；大部分
be in the/ a majority 占大多数
在护理行业，女性占多数。
In the nursing profession, women are in a/ the majority.
[词形转换]
1）major
① adj. 主要的；重要的；大的
We have encountered major problems.
② n. 主修课程
③ v. 主修
major in 主修…
5. complain v. 抱怨；不满；发牢骚；投诉
complain about/ of sth. 抱怨某事
别抱怨你的生活。
Don’t complain about your life.
complain to sb. 向某人抱怨
如果你对我们的工作不满意，可以向经理投诉。
If you are not satisfied with our job, you can complain to the manager.
[词形转换]
1）complaint n. 抱怨；投诉
make a complaint (about/ against sth.)（对某事）提出投诉
学生们列出了对校规的投诉清单。
The pupils made a list of complaints about the school rules.
6. respond v. 回答；回应
respond to… 回答…；对…做出反应
掌握基本急救技巧将帮助你快速应对紧急情况。
Knowing basic first-aid techniques will help you respond quickly to emergencies.
[词形转换]
1）response n. 回答；答复；反应
in response (to…)（对…的）回答/反应
为了响应观众的强烈需求，该剧每周将在剧院上演两次。
In response to the audience’s great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week.
make a response to sth. 对某事做出回应
2）responsible adj. 负责的；有责任心的
be responsible for… 对…负责
一个对社会负责的政府，必须向民众传达环境保护的重要性。
A government, which is responsible for society, must get across to its people how important the environmental preservation is.
3）responsibility n. 责任
take responsibility for… 承担…的责任
我们需要为自己的健康负责。
We need to take responsibility for our own health.
7. hire
1）v. 租用；聘用
她三年前被录用。
She was hired three years ago.
2）n. 租借
for hire 出租
这些自行车是出租的，每小时2美元。
These bicycles are for hire, $2 an hour.
8. reject v. 拒绝；不雇用；冷落，嫌弃
莎拉拒绝了哥哥的帮助。
Sarah rejected her brother’s offer of help.
[词形转换]
1）rejection n.（对求职者、求学者等的）拒绝
[归纳拓展]
1）refuse v. 拒绝
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
refuse sb. sth. 拒绝给某人某物
2）decline v.（婉言）谢绝（正式用语）
decline to do sth. 谢绝做某事
部长拒绝对和平谈判进展发表评论。
The minister declined to comment about the progress of the peace talks.
3）turn down 拒绝（建议、要求、邀请等）
委员会否决了一些不切实际的建议。
Some impractical suggestions were turned down by the committee.
9. appoint v. 任命；委派；约定
appoint sb. to… 任命某人去某处任职
她最近被任命为该委员会成员。
She has recently been appointed to the committee.
appoint sb. as… 任命某人为…
appoint sb. to do sth. 任命/委派某人做某事
科学院委托约翰逊博士进行这项研究。
The academy appointed Dr. Johnson to conduct the research study.
[词形转换]
1）appointment n. 预约；约会；职务；职位；委任
have/ make an appointment (with sb.)（与某人）有约/预约
为了关注你的病情，你应定期预约医生。
To keep an eye on your condition, you should make appointments with the doctor on a regular basis.
keep an appointment 守约；准时预约
(an) appointment as… 任命…；…的任命/职位
她被任命为团队领导受到所有成员的欢迎。
Her appointment as leader of the team was welcomed by all the members.
2）appointed adj.（时间）指定的；约定的
10. elect v. 选举
elect sb. (as)… 选某人为…
他当选为牛津东区议员。
He was elected (as) MP for Oxford East.
elect to do 选择做某事
如今越来越多的人选择在家办公。
Increasing numbers of people elect to work from home nowadays.
[词形转换]
1）election n. 选举，推选
stand/ run for election 参加竞选
有多少候选人参选？
How many candidates are standing for election
2）elective adj. 选举的；可供选择的
11. tend v. 往往会；常常就；趋向；倾向；易于；照料
tend to do 往往会发生某事；易于做某事
有些人会高估，有些人则低估。
Some people will tend to overestimate, and some to underestimate.
tend to/ towards… 倾向于…
tend to sb. 照顾某人
索菲亚在卧室照顾儿子。
Sofia was in the bedroom tending to her son.
[词形转换]
1）tendency n. 倾向；偏好；趋势
have a/ the tendency to do 有做某事的趋势
例如，我们可能容易感冒。
For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily.
12. retire v. 退休
retire from… 从…退休
由于健康原因，她被迫提前退休。
She was forced to retire early from teaching because of ill health.
retire as… 作为…退休
他没有计划退休，不再担任该杂志的主编。
He has no plans to retire as editor of the magazine.
[词形转换]
1）retirement n. 退休
take retirement 退休
苏珊打算提前退休。
Susan is going to take early retirement.
13. scare v. 使害怕；惊吓
scare sb. 使某人受到惊吓
你吓到我了。
You scared me.
It scares sb. to do 做某事使某人害怕
想到我一个人在那栋楼里，我感到害怕。
It scares me to think I was alone in the building.
scare sb. into doing 威胁某人做某事
当地商家被吓得支付保护费。
Local business were scared into paying protection money.
scare sb. to death 把某人吓死
[词形转换] 1）scared adj. 害怕的 2）scary adj. 可怕的
14. replace v. 替换
replace…with/ by… 用…替换…
他们用昂贵的新跑车取代了心爱的老车。
They replaced their beloved old cars with expensive new sports cars.
[词形转换]
1）replacement n. 替换
2）replaceable adj. 可代替的
15. operation n. 行动；手术；运转；经营
have/ undergo an operation 接受手术
do/ perform/ carry out an operation (on…)（为…）做手术
be in operation 工作中；使用中；有效
新路现已实施临时交通管制。
Temporary traffic controls are in operation on New Road.
come/ go into operation 开始工作；开始生效 = take effect
中国的垃圾分类政策已在多个城市实施。
Chinese garbage classification policy has come into operation in several cities.
put/ bring…into operation 实施/启用…；使…运转
北京新国际机场于2019年投入运营，每年服务7200万名旅客。
Beijing’s new international airport put into operation in 2019 serves 72 million passengers annually.
[词形转换]
1）operator n. 电话接线员；操作员；经营者
在甲板工作之前，雷米拉曾是雷达和电话操作员。
Before working on the deck, Remila was a radar and telephone operator.
2）operate v.（使）运转；操作；经营；动手术
operate on… 给…做手术
16. whisper
1）v. 悄声说，低语
whisper (sth.) in one’s ear 对某人耳语（某事）
whisper about sth. 低声嘀咕某事
虽然才十月，我的学生们已经开始窃窃私语关于假期计划了。
Even though it is only October, my students are already whispering about holiday plans.
whisper (sth.) to sb. 低声对某人说（某事）
为了不让别人听到他说的话，他悄悄告诉我这个消息。
In order not to let others hear what he said, he whispered the news to me.
2）n. 低语，耳语
in a whisper/ in whispers 低声地
我们低声交谈，生怕吵醒熟睡的宝宝。
We spoke in whispers for fear of waking the sleeping baby.
17. assist v. 帮助；援助；协助
assist (sb.) in/ with sth. 在某方面（给某人）提供帮助
你需要协助编辑为书籍挑选插图。
You will be expected to assist the editor with the selection of illustrations for the book.
assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
我们将协助您寻找居住地。
We will assist you in finding somewhere to live.
[词形转换]
1）assistant n. 助手，助理；商店店员
她正在寻找一位具备良好组织能力的私人助理。
She is looking for a personal assistant with good organizational skills.
2）assistance n. 帮助；援助
with the assistance of… 在…的帮助下
18. memory n. 记忆力；回忆
have a(n) … (memory) for… 对…有…的记忆
我们往往对那些能激发感官或触动情感的事情记忆力强，而不是直接的事实。
We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal to our emotions than for straight facts.
in memory of… 为了纪念…
他们竖立了一块大理石纪念牌，以纪念他的父亲。
They put up a marble tablet in memory of his father.
[词形转换]
1）memorable adj. 难忘的；值得纪念的
自从那个难忘的夜晚船翻覆后，我就再也没见过他们。
I haven’t seen them since that memorable evening when the boat capsized.
2）memorize v. 记住；熟记
3）memorial adj. 纪念的；追悼的 n. 纪念碑；纪念物；纪念品
a memorial service/ ceremony 追悼会
19. disguise
1）v. 装扮；假扮；掩盖
disguise…as… 装扮成…
他们伪装成保安进来的。
They got in disguised as security guards.
2）伪装
in disguise 伪装
这个明星变装旅行。
The star travelled in disguise.
20. tear
1）n. 泪水，眼泪
be in tears 流泪；哭泣
move sb. to tears 使某人感动落泪
burst into tears 突然大哭 = burst out crying
母亲听到这个消息立刻哭了起来。
The mother burst into tears the moment she heard the news.
fight/ hold back tears 强忍泪水
reduce sb. to tears 使某人哭泣
她因悲伤而泪流满面。
She was reduced to tears because of sadness.
2）v. 撕开；扯破；撕掉
tear apart 撕碎，撕开；使分崩离析
战争和革命撕裂了许多家庭。
War and revolution have torn many families apart.
tear down 拆毁；推倒
过去几十年里，他们拆除了许多老建筑。
They tore down many old buildings in the past decades.
tear up 把…撕碎
他一读完信就撕了。
He tore up the letter as soon as he had read it.
21. despair
1）n. 绝望
in despair 绝望地
他绝望地放弃了挣扎。
He gave up the struggle in despair.
be the despair of… 令某人绝望/担心
我的字迹让老师们感到绝望。
My handwriting was the despair of my teachers.
2）v. 绝望
despair of (doing)… 绝望于
我对他感到绝望，他工作撑不过六个月。
I despair of him, he can’t keep a job for more than six months.

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