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(共16张PPT)
高考英语复习
——语法填空专题
Skills
动、名、形、副——词性转换
Skills
Skills
adj.后缀
n./v.-ful
n.-ous
n.-y
n./adj.-ish
v.-able
v.-ive
n.-al
n.-ic
n.-ly
n./v.-ed
n.-ing
n.后缀
-tion/sion
-ment
-ness
-ity
-er/or
-ist/ism
-dom
-ance/ence
-th
-age
v.后缀
-ate
-en
-ify
-ize/ise
-ish
adv.后缀
-ly
表示某一类职业/行业的人
-or
-er
-ar
-ee
-ess
-ist
-ian
-ant
-(at)ive
Skills
be+adj.
adj.+n
冠词（a/an/the）+adj.+n.
形容词性物主代词+n.
所有格-’s+n.
the+n.
the+最高级
the+序数词
the+adj. 表示一类人
介词+n./pron./v-ing
adv.修饰v./adj./adv.
as+adj./adv.原级+as
比较级+than
比较级...+and+比较级... 越来越...
the+比较级...,the+比较级... 越...就越...
否定词+比较级 表示最高级
the+最高级+of/in 在...范围内最...
the+序数词+最高级
one of +最高级+n.复数
小试牛刀
(2024山东济南一模)
Driven by a great passion for guqin,1.　　　　　 is an ancient Chinese instrument,Li Xiangting,a professor at the Central Conservatory of Music in Beijing 2.　　　　　　(devote) nearly 70 years to mastering and promoting it since his first encounter with it.
In 1958,Li became the only guqin major in the Traditional Chinese Instruments Department.Given that guqin was 3.　　　　　　(relative) unknown,Li was often ignored.Everyone considered it out of date,4._______　　　　　　　　 he thought it deserved an important position and was determined to make it
5. 　　　　　　(appreciate) by everyone.
which　
has devoted
relatively　
but/yet　
appreciated　
In order to introduce it 6.　　　　　　　 a global audience,Li innovated while honoring the instrument’s rich traditions.Later,he also produced teaching videos,7.　　　　　　(publish) books,and released albums,significantly boosting the instrument’s 8.　　　　　　(popular).
In the following years,more enthusiasts and musicians like Li worked on the art.With 9. 　　　　　(they) efforts,the UNESCO recognized the art as an intangible (非物质的) heritage of humanity in 2003.Moreover,his daughter,Li Pengpeng,has followed in her father’s footsteps,10. 　　　　　　(serve) as an ambassador in promoting traditional Chinese culture.
to　
published　
popularity　
their　
serving　
答案及解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了北京中央音乐学院教授李祥霆对古琴的热爱和所做的推广工作。
1.which　考查定语从句。分析句子可知,空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是guqin,指物,关系词在从句中作主语,应用关系代词which引导。故填which。
2.has devoted　考查时态和主谓一致。分析句子可知,设空处作句子的谓语动词,结合时间状语“since his first encounter with it”可知,时态应用现在完成时,且主语Li Xiangting是单数,助动词应用has。故填has devoted。
3.relatively　考查词性转换。设空处修饰形容词unknown,用副词形式。故填relatively。
4.but/yet　考查连词。设空处前后为完整的句子,上文表示“每个人都认为古琴过时了”,下文表示“他认为古琴应该享有一个重要的地位”,上下文语义构成转折,故填but或yet。
5.appreciated　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,设空处作宾语补足语,appreciate和指代古琴的it逻辑上是被动关系,应用过去分词形式,make sth done意为“使某事被做”。故填appreciated。
6.to　考查介词。introduce sth to sb,意为“把某物介绍给某人”。故填to。
7.published　考查动词的时态。分析句子可知,设空处和produced以及released并列,作句子的谓语,时态为一般过去时。故填published。
8.popularity　考查词性转换。分析句子可知,设空处作boosting的宾语,被the instrument’s修饰,故填popularity。
9.their　考查代词。分析句子可知,设空处作修饰efforts的成分,应用形容词性物主代词,故填their。
10.serving　考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知,句子主干成分完整,空处的行为和谓语行为同时发生,作伴随状语,serve as“担任”和Li Pengpeng逻辑上是主动关系,应用动词-ing形式。故填serving。
课堂操练
(2024安徽合肥二模)
Huang Danian,a noted Chinese geophysicist (地球物理学家),1.________　　　　　　(devote) himself to science and made great contributions to China’s deep-Earth exploration.
Born in 1958 in Nanning,Guangxi,Huang’s passion 2._______ geophysics started from an early age.In 1992,he went to England for further studies,and earned his doctor’s degree in geophysics,3. 　　　　　(rank) the top of his class.Huang later joined a geophysical service company in Cambridge to gain first-hand experience.
devoted　
for　
ranking　
During his stay in England,Huang remained 4. 　　　　　(commit) to his motherland.He long dreamed of going back to “serve my country with my whole heart”.The opportunity came in 2008,5.　　　　　　 China launched a national program for global top talent.6.　　　　　　　　(participate) in the program,Huang quit his job with no 7.　　　　　　　(hesitate) and returned to China as one of the first professionals.
committed　
when　
To participate
hesitation　
Upon his return,Huang 8.　　　　　　　　　(appoint) chief scientist of China’s biggest deep-earth exploration program.Huang worked 9. ________　　　　　(tireless) around the clock.Thanks to Huang and his team’s efforts,China made 10.　　　　　　 significant breakthrough in deep-Earth exploration.
Huang passed away at the age of 58.His passing left the scientific community in sorrow,but he will be remembered forever for his devotion to his field and the love of his motherland.
was appointed
tirelessly　
a　
答案及解析
【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了中国著名地球物理学家黄大年的生平事迹。
1.devoted　考查动词的时态。句意:黄大年是中国著名的地球物理学家,他致力于科学,为中国的深地探测做出了巨大贡献。设空处和made为并列谓语,使用一般过去时。故填devoted。
2.for　考查介词。句意:黄1958年出生于广西南宁,从小就对地球物理学充满热情。passion for为固定搭配,意为“对……的热爱”。故填for。
3.ranking　考查非谓语动词。句意:1992年他赴英国深造,以班级第一名的成绩获得地球物理学博士学位。设空处需填非谓语动词作状语,he和rank为逻辑上的主谓关系,需用现在分词形式作结果状语。故填ranking。
4.committed　考查词性转换。句意:在英国期间,黄仍然心系祖国。remained为系动词,后接形容词作表语。故填committed。
5.when　考查定语从句。句意:机会出现在2008年,当时中国启动了一项面向全球顶尖人才的国家计划。设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词2008在定语从句中作时间状语,需用关系副词when引导。
6.To participate　考查非谓语动词。句意:为了参加这个项目,黄毫不犹豫地辞去了工作,作为第一批专业人士中的一员回到了中国。设空处表目的,需用动词不定式作目的状语,句首首字母需大写。故填To participate。
7.hesitation　考查词性转换。设空处需填名词hesitation,作介词宾语,表抽象概念,不可数。故填hesitation。
8.was appointed　考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:回国后,黄被任命为中国最大的深地探测项目的首席科学家。陈述过去的事实,使用一般过去时,Huang和appoint为被动关系,需用被动语态,主语为Huang,be动词用was。故填was appointed。
9.tirelessly　考查词性转换。句意:黄夜以继日地辛勤工作。修饰动词worked,需用副词作状语。故填tirelessly。
10.a　考查冠词。句意:由于黄和他的团队的努力,中国在深地探测方面取得了重大突破。breakthrough为可数名词,此处表示泛指,且significant发音以辅音音素开头,需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。

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