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(共24张PPT)
Humans and Nature
Unit 5
Lesson 1
A Sea Story
blue
endless sunrise
seafood beautiful
ships sand
sea
Question: What is your first impression of the sea
Sometimes it can be …
violent / dangerous
There may be ___________________________in the sea.
storms, icebergs or whirlpools
What do you know about the sea
Do you know any stories about people and the sea
a fisherman a fishing boat a whirlpool waves to escape to survive a storm to float wild
Example:
A fisherman is trying to survive a storm.
Now, let's read a story about people and the sea.
Look at the pictures. Use the words and phrases below to describe the pictures.
You are going to read a text adapted from the short story “A Descent into the Maelstr m”. Read the fact file and answer questions.
2
Pre-reading:
v.改编, 适应
《莫斯肯漩涡沉浮记》
Maelstr m: a powerful whirlpool in the sea or ocean.
Moskoe-strom: also known as Moskstraumen, is a system of tidal whirlpools in the Norwegian Sea, which is one of the strongest in the world. The term was first introduced into the English language by Edgar Allan Poe in 1841 through his short story “A Descent into the Maelstr m”.
Fact File
默斯肯漩涡（Moskenstraumen）
默斯肯漩涡（Moskenstraumen）是真实存在的自然现象，位于挪威北部罗弗敦群岛附近海域，具体在莫斯肯岛与赫尔辛根山之间的开阔海面上。
这一漩涡的形成主要受潮汐、强风以及当地水下地貌的共同影响，尤其是半日潮的幅度变化（约4米）和深层海流遇到浅海脊时的相互作用。 其规模和强度因条件而异：在涨潮或退潮时，可能形成直径约4至6公里的漩涡，水流速度可达2至3米每秒，但实际观测中，由于直径较大且水流速度相对温和，船只通常难以直接察觉明显的漩涡效应。 需要注意的是，尽管文学作品（如爱伦·坡的小说《莫斯可漩涡沉溺记》）曾将其描绘为巨大危险，但现代科学研究表明，它并不像传说中那样致命，仅在特定气象条件下才会表现出较强的水流活动。
默斯肯漩涡的名称源自挪威语，意为“流速很快的河”，反映了其本质是强烈的潮流而非传统意义上的狭窄海峡漩涡。
该现象也因文学作品而广为人知，例如在《三体》等作品中被提及，但真实情况更侧重于科学研究和自然地理特征。
Edgar Allan Poe (1809-1849) was an American writer, best known for his poetry and short stories, particularly his mystery tales.
埃德加·爱伦·坡（Edgar Allan Poe，1809—1849）是美国文学史上极具影响力的作家、诗人、编辑与文学评论家，被誉为侦探小说之父、科幻小说先驱和恐怖小说大师。他的作品以幽暗、诡谲、唯美与心理深度著称，对后世文学、艺术乃至流行文化产生了深远影响。
《莫格街凶杀案》（The Murders in the Rue Morgue，1841）：
文学史上第一部现代侦探小说，塑造了业余侦探奥古斯特·杜宾这一形象，开创了“密室谋杀”“天才推理”等模式，影响了柯南·道尔等后世作家。
《乌鸦》（The Raven，1845）：最具代表性的叙事诗。通过乌鸦对叙述者重复“永不复还”（Nevermore），渲染对逝去爱人的哀悼与无法逃脱的绝望，韵律感极强，富有音乐性。
《钟声》（The Bells，1849）：通过不同钟声（银铃、金钟、铜钟、铁钟）象征人生从童年到死亡的阶段，实验性地运用音韵模仿声音，体现诗歌的音乐性。
爱伦·坡以其独特的黑暗美学、形式创新与心理深度，在文学史上占据了不朽地位。他不仅开创了多种文学类型，更将短篇叙事推向艺术化的高度，其作品至今仍在全球激发着创作与解读的热情。正如他所说：“我所有的作品都是心灵的日记”——这些“日记”记录了对人类永恒困境的深邃凝视。
1.When (time)
2. Where (place)
3.Who(character)
4.Why (cause)
5.What (event)
6.How(outcome)
one day about three years ago
in the sea
the writer and his two brothers.
meet a whirlpool
the boat was pulled into the whirlpool.
only the writer survive
The six factors in a story:
Task 2
Read the story again. Complete the information in the boxes. Then add the storyteller’s feelings during each situation.
Read and Explore
When we were coming back from the islands, the sky _______________________.
Then a huge wave ________________ and my younger brother ________________. My elder brother ___________ “Moskoe-strom!”
The storyteller’s feelings:
was covered with dark clouds
covered our boat
fell into the sea
cried out
frightened
The wind and the waves carried us ________________________________. Then, we were
________________ it. Suddenly, we __________________.
The storyteller’s feelings:
towards the direction of the whirlpool
on the edge of
went over the edge
hopeless
Task 3
Read and Explore
The boat was on the inside of __________________ and we were going round ______________________. After I made three important observations, I tied myself to ____________________. I tried to make my brother ________________, but he was _____________________.
Soon afterwards, the whirlpool ________________. The waves soon carried me away and finally a boat _____________.
The storyteller’s feelings:
The storyteller’s feelings:
the huge whirlpool
in circles at great speed
a barrel to help me float
understand
too frightened to get it
calm
became less wild
picked me up
tired
Work in group to complete the mind map
Three years ago
My brothers and I
“Moskoe-strom”
fell into the sea
were carried towards the direction of the whirlpool
whirlpool
calmer
tied myself to a barrel
help me float
frightened
he stayed in the heavy boat
try and escape
became less wild
other fishermen
Task 5
Complete the summary with the information from the story.
The storyteller experienced a Moskoe-strom which broke his 1____________. One day, he was out fishing with his two brothers when the sky suddenly clouded over and they were in 2______________. A huge 3______ covered the boat and his younger brother 4_______ the sea. The boat went over the edge into the 5__________ and they went round in circles. The storyteller felt there was no escape but observed that round objects fell down more rapidly, 6_____ shaped objects of 7__________ fell down more slowly. So he 8__________________ to help himself float. He tried to make his elder brother understand, but he was too 9____________________________ __________. Finally, the storyteller 10_________ the storm.
survived
body and soul
a terrible storm
wave
fell into
whirlpool
tube-
equal extent
tied himself to a barrel
frightened and stayed in the heavy boat
Analyzing Descriptive Details
Sense Quote from the Text What does this detail describe make you feel
sight
sound
Physical feeling
Inner feeling
the sky was covered with dark clouds" (Para. 2)
something bad is about to happen. It creates a scary, dark mood.
my elder brother put his mouth close to my ear and cried out 'Moskoe-str m!'" (Para. 2)
His panic and extreme fear. It shows the situation is very serious and dangerous.
I felt sick, as if I was falling from a mountain top in a dream." (Para. 1)
How scared and helpless he is. It’s a very uncomfortable and frightening feeling.
I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it." (Para. 1)
That in the worst moment, he stopped being panicked. It feels strange but shows he accepted his fate.
Focus on the Whirlpool
1.Words/Phrases describing the whirlpool:
2. Change in description:
Approaching:
Inside:
the horrible edge of the whirlpool(emphasizing fear)
the huge whirlpool (emphasizing scale)
the bottom of the whirlpool (emphasizing depth and finality)
It is described indirectly through emotion ("horrible edge," "frightened").
It is described objectively through visual observations ("other objects in the whirlpool — trees and barrels," the behavior of spheres and cylinders).
The shift is from emotional terror to analytical survival mode. Specific words showing this: from "horrible" to "curious," "observations."
The Narrator's Changing State
1.Physical descriptions showing the experience's effect:
2. Emotional journey:
"it took less than a single day to change my hair from black to white." (Introduction) ·
"I was very tired. The fishermen were my old friends, but they were unable to recognise me." (Conclusion) It suggests a total physical and perhaps spiritual
In the beginning:"The moment I heard the word I became very frightened."
Approaching whirlpool: "I felt sick, as if I was falling..." ·
On the edge: "I felt calmer... I began to think how amazing a thing it was to die..."
Inside (making observations): "I became curious about the whirlpool itself."
After rescue: A state of exhaustion ("they were unable to recognise me... did not believe it").
Find synonyms or antonyms from the text.
Synonyms Antonyms terrible black
amazing less
cried out top
frightened old
single
dark
edge
calm
white
horrible
wonderful
shouted
scared
more
double
light
centre
wild
young
bottom
Read and Explore
1. What were the three observations the storyteller made
2. Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t
3.What does the storyteller mean by “it took only six hours to break my body and soul”
4. What lessons have you learnt from the story Give your reasons.
5. What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature
Read and Explore
1. What were the three observations the storyteller made
The three observations were: the large objects fell into the whirlpool quicker; and the round objects and tube-shaped objects did not go into the whirlpool as quickly.
2. Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t
The fisherman survived because he was calm in the whirlpool and made clear observations. Based on the observation, he saved himself by tying himself to a barrel to help him float and jumped into the sea.
Group Work Think and share.
Why did the storyteller survive while his elder brother didn’t
…when we were on the edge of the whirlpool, I felt calmer than when we were moving towards it. (Line 15)
…After a while l became curious about the whirlpool itself, then made three important observations. (Line 21)
Know well enough
Calm, Optimistic,
Curious
…I knew what he meant by that one word well enough(Line 10)
A huge wave covered…and my younger brother fell into the sea. (Line 7)
Luck
4. What lessons have you learnt from the story Give your reasons.
From this story, we learn that staying calm is very important even when we are in an extremely dangerous situation. At the same time, we should observe what is happening and try to find out ways to escape from the danger.
3.What does the storyteller mean by “it took only six hours to break my body and soul”
The Moskoe-strom lasted six hours. This broke his body as the storm battered him about. It broke his soul as he lost two brothers in that time. The terror of the maelstr m has had a very negative effect on his mind and body, which he doesn’t think they will ever recover from.
5. What is the story trying to say about the relationship between humans and nature
The story shows the following relationships between humans and nature:
Humans depend on nature.
Human power is so small compared with nature.
Humans may be destroyed by nature under certain circumstances.
Mother Nature is good, but also cruel butcher.
大自然是善良的慈母，同时也是冷酷的屠夫。
——雨果

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