资源简介

(共66张PPT)
Unit 2 Stay Healthy
人教版八年级下册英语
单词讲解
Vocabulary
ourselves / a selvz; ɑ selvz/ pron. 我们自己
sore /s (r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
throat /θr t/ n. 喉咙
stomachache / st m ke k/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼
headache / hede k/ n. 头痛
toothache / tu θe k/ n. 牙痛
backache / b ke k/ n. 背痛；腰痛
suffer / s f (r)/ v. 受苦；遭受
press /pres/ v. 压；按
dentist / dent st/ n. 牙科医生
fever / fi v (r)/ n. 发烧
Vocabulary
stomach / st m k/ n. 胃；腹部
avoid / v d/ v. 避免；防止
gas /ɡ s/ n. 气体；燃气
ache /e k/ n. & v. 疼痛
X-ray / eksre / n. X射线检查；X射线
careless / ke l s/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的
runny / r ni/ adj. 流鼻涕的；流眼泪的
cough /k f/ n. & v. 咳嗽
test /test/ n. & v. 检查；测验
flu /flu / n. 流行性感冒
medicine / medsn/ n. 药；医学
Vocabulary
virus / va r s/ n. 病毒
description /d skr p n/ n. 描写；形容
patient / pe nt/ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
illness / ln s/ n. 疾病
knife /na f/ n. (pl. knives /na vz/) 刀
safety / se fti/ n. 安全；安全处所
clear /kl (r)/ adj. 清晰的；清楚的 v. 清理
pain /pe n/ n. 疼痛；痛苦
brightness / bra tn s/ n. 亮度
environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
cross /kr s/ v. 穿越；横过；交叉
Vocabulary
themselves / m selvz/ pron. 他（或她、它）们自己
happily / h p li/ adv. 快乐地；高兴地
burn /b n/ v. (burnt /b nt/, burnt) 燃烧；着火 n. 烧伤
throw /θr / v. 猛动（身体部位）；扔；抛 n. 扔；投（球）
quick /kw k/ adj. 快的；迅速的 adv. 迅速地；快速地
aid /e d/ n. & v. 帮助；援助
tonight /t na t/ adv. 在今晚 n. 今夜；今晚
sadly / s dli/ adv. 伤心地；令人遗憾地
smoke /sm k/ n. 烟 v. 吸烟；冒烟
luckily / l k li/ adv. 幸运地
Vocabulary
badly / b dli/ adv. (worse /w s/, worst /w st/) 严重地
harm /hɑ m/ n. & v. 伤害；损害
pill /p l/ n. 药丸；药片
harmful / hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的
hit /h t/ v. 碰撞；击；打 n. 打；击；击中
shock / k/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事 v. 使震惊；使惊愕
bleed /bli d/ v. (bled /bled/, bled) 流血；出血
check /t ek/ v. 检查；查明 n. 检查；调查
nervously / n v sli/ adv. 紧张不安地
Words and expressions
Unit 2
ourselves
/ a selvz; ɑ selvz/ pron. 我们自己
短语
- enjoy ourselves 玩得开心
- by ourselves 独自；靠我们自己
例句
·We can finish the work by ourselves.
我们可以独自完成这项工作。
·We enjoyed ourselves at the party last night.
昨晚的派对上我们玩得很开心。
sore
/s (r)/ adj. 疼痛的；酸痛的
词性变换
- adv. sorely 非常；极其
- n. soreness 疼痛
短语
- a sore throat 喉咙痛
- sore muscles 肌肉酸痛
例句
· I have a sore throat because I caught a cold.
我因为感冒而喉咙痛。
·After the long run, I have sore muscles in my legs.
长跑之后，我的腿部肌肉酸痛。
throat
/θr t/ n. 喉咙
短语
- clear one's throat 清嗓子
- have a sore throat 喉咙痛
例句
·He coughed and cleared his throat before speaking.
他在说话前咳嗽了一下并清了清嗓子。
·She can't sing well because she has a sore throat.
她因为喉咙痛唱不好歌。
stomachache
/ st m ke k/ n. 胃痛；肚子疼
短语
- have a stomachache 胃痛
- cause a stomachache 引起胃痛
例句
· Eating too much junk food may cause a stomachache.
吃太多垃圾食品可能会引起胃痛。
· I had a stomachache so I went to see the doctor.
我胃痛，所以去看了医生。
headache
/ hede k/ n. 头痛
短语
- have a headache 头痛
- a bad headache 剧烈头痛
例句
· She stayed at home because she had a bad headache.
她因为剧烈头痛而待在家里。
· Listening to loud music for a long time can give you a headache.
长时间听吵闹的音乐可能会让你头痛。
toothache
/ tu θe k/ n. 牙痛
短语
- have a toothache 牙痛
- see a dentist for a toothache 因牙痛看牙医
例句
· You should see a dentist if you have a toothache.
如果你牙痛，应该去看牙医。
· The toothache kept me awake all night.
这牙痛让我整晚都睡不着。
backache
/ b ke k/ n. 背痛；腰痛
短语
- have a backache 背痛
- relieve a backache 缓解背痛
例句
·Lifting heavy things often leads to a backache.
提重物常常会导致背痛。
·Doing some gentle exercise can help relieve a backache.
做一些温和的运动可以帮助缓解背痛。
suffer
/ s f (r)/ v. 受苦；遭受
词性变换
- n. suffering 痛苦；苦难
短语
- suffer from 遭受；受……折磨
- suffer a loss 遭受损失
例句
· Many people suffer from stress in modern life.
现代生活中很多人遭受压力的折磨。
·The company suffered a big loss last year.
这家公司去年遭受了巨大损失。
press
/pres/ v. 压；按
词性变换
- n. pressure 压力
短语
- press down 按下
- press sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事
例句
·You need to press down the button to start the machine.
你需要按下按钮来启动机器。
·My parents always press me to study hard for exams.
我的父母总是催促我为了考试努力学习。
dentist
/ dent st/ n. 牙科医生
词性变换
- adj. dental 牙齿的；牙科的
短语
- go to the dentist 看牙医
- a dental check-up 牙科检查
例句
·I will go to the dentist for a regular check-up tomorrow.
我明天要去看牙医做常规检查。
·The dental check-up showed that I have no cavities.
这次牙科检查显示我没有蛀牙。
fever
/ fi v (r)/ n. 发烧
词性变换
- adj. feverish 发烧的
短语
- have a fever 发烧
- high fever 高烧
例句
·The child has a high fever and needs to see a doctor.
这个孩子发高烧，需要看医生。
·You should rest in bed when you have a fever.
你发烧的时候应该卧床休息。
stomach
/ st m k/ n. 胃；腹部
短语
- empty stomach 空腹
- upset stomach 肠胃不适
例句
·You shouldn’t exercise on an empty stomach.
你不应该在空腹时运动。
·Eating too quickly can give you an upset stomach.
吃得太快会让你肠胃不适。
avoid
/ v d/ v. 避免；防止
词性变换
- n. avoidance 避免
- adj. avoidable 可避免的
短语
- avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
- avoid mistakes 避免错误
例句
·We should avoid making the same mistake again.
我们应该避免再次犯同样的错误。
·If you drive carefully, you can avoid most traffic accidents.
如果你小心驾驶，就能避免大多数交通事故。
gas
/ɡ s/ n. 气体；燃气
短语
- natural gas 天然气
- gas stove 煤气灶
例句
·Remember to turn off the gas stove after cooking.
做完饭后记得关掉煤气灶。
·Most homes in this area use natural gas for heating.
这个地区的大多数家庭用天然气取暖。
ache
/e k/ n. & v. 疼痛
词性变换
- adj. aching 疼痛的
短语
- body ache 身体酸痛
- ache all over 浑身酸痛
例句
·After running, I felt my legs aching all over.
跑步后，我感觉双腿浑身酸痛。
·I have a body ache because I worked out too much yesterday.
我浑身酸痛，因为昨天锻炼过度了。
X-ray
/ eksre / n. X射线检查；X射线
短语
- take an X-ray 拍X光片
- X-ray examination X光检查
例句
·The doctor asked him to take an X-ray of his chest.
医生让他拍一张胸部X光片。
·The X-ray examination showed that his bones were fine.
这次X光检查显示他的骨头没有问题。
careless
/ ke l s/ adj. 不小心的；粗心的
词性变换
- adv. carelessly 粗心地
- n. carelessness 粗心
短语
- be careless with 对……粗心
- careless mistakes 粗心的错误
例句
·His carelessness led to many mistakes in the exam.
他的粗心导致考试中出现了很多错误。
·Don’t be careless with your money, or you’ll run out soon.
别对钱太粗心，否则很快就会花光。
runny
/ r ni/ adj. 流鼻涕的；流眼泪的
词性变换
- v. run 流动；跑
短语
- runny nose 流鼻涕
- runny eyes 流眼泪
例句
· I have a runny nose and a cough because of the flu.
我因为流感而流鼻涕还咳嗽。
·The smoke made her eyes runny and her throat sore.
烟让她流眼泪，喉咙也痛。
cough
/k f/ n. & v. 咳嗽
短语
- have a cough 咳嗽
- cough up 咳出
例句
· She coughed up some phlegm and felt better.
她咳出一些痰后感觉好多了。
·I have a bad cough and can’t sleep well at night.
我咳得很厉害，晚上睡不好觉。
test
/test/ n. & v. 检查；测验
词性变换
- n. tester 测试员
短语
- take a test 参加考试
- test sb.’s temperature 给某人量体温
例句
·We will take a math test next Monday.
下周一我们要参加数学考试。
· The nurse tested my temperature to see if I had a fever.
护士给我量了体温，看我是否发烧。
flu
/flu / n. 流行性感冒
短语
- have the flu 患流感
- flu vaccine 流感疫苗
例句
·Many students were absent because they had the flu.
很多学生因为患流感而缺席。
· Getting a flu vaccine can help you stay healthy in winter.
接种流感疫苗可以帮助你在冬天保持健康。
medicine
/ medsn/ n. 药；医学
词性变换
- adj. medical 医学的
短语
- take medicine 吃药
- traditional Chinese medicine 中医
例句
·You should take medicine three times a day after meals.
你应该每天饭后吃药三次。
·He is studying traditional Chinese medicine at university.
他在大学里学习中医。
virus
/ va r s/ n. 病毒
词性变换
- adj. viral 病毒的
短语
- a virus infection 病毒感染
- computer virus 电脑病毒
例句
·The virus spread quickly among the people in the city.
这种病毒在城市人群中快速传播。
·My computer was attacked by a computer virus yesterday.
我的电脑昨天被电脑病毒攻击了。
description
/d skr p n/ n. 描写；形容
词性变换
- v. describe 描述
- adj. descriptive 描述性的
短语
- give a description of 描述……
- a detailed description 详细描述
例句
·Can you give a description of the man you saw
你能描述一下你看到的那个男人吗？
·The book contains a detailed description of life in ancient China.
这本书里有对中国古代生活的详细描述。
patient
/ pe nt/ n. 病人 adj. 有耐心的
短语
- a patient with cancer 癌症病人
- be patient with sb. 对某人有耐心
例句
·The doctor is taking good care of the patient.
医生正在精心照顾这位病人。
·You should be patient with children when they make mistakes.
当孩子犯错时，你应该对他们有耐心。
词性变换
- n. patience 耐心
- adv. patiently 耐心地
illness
/ ln s/ n. 疾病
词性变换
- adj. ill 生病的
短语
- a serious illness 重病
- pr event illness 预防疾病
例句
·She has been weak since she recovered from a serious illness.
她从重病中康复后一直很虚弱。
· Washing hands often can help prevent illness.
勤洗手可以帮助预防疾病。
knife
/na f/ n. (pl. knives /na vz/) 刀
短语
- a sharp knife 锋利的刀
- use a knife 用刀
例句
·Be careful with the knife—it’s very sharp.
小心这把刀，它很锋利。
·He used a knife to cut the apple into pieces.
他用一把刀把苹果切成了小块。
safety
/ se fti/ n. 安全；安全处所
词性变换
- adj. safe 安全的
- adv. safely 安全地
短语
- traffic safety 交通安全
- safety rules 安全规则
例句
·We must follow the safety rules when we are in the lab.
我们在实验室时必须遵守安全规则。
·The school cares a lot about the safety of its students.
学校非常关心学生的安全。
clear
/kl (r)/ adj. 清晰的；清楚的 v. 清理
词性变换
- adv. clearly 清楚地
短语
- clear up 清理；放晴
- a clear answer 清晰的回答
例句
·Please clear up your desk before you leave.
离开前请清理你的书桌。
·He gave a clear answer to the teacher’s question.
他对老师的问题给出了清晰的回答。
pain
/pe n/ n. 疼痛；痛苦
词性变换
- adj. painful 疼痛的
- adv. painfully 痛苦地
短语
- feel pain 感到疼痛
- a sharp pain 剧痛
例句
·I felt a sharp pain in my back when I lifted the box.
我搬箱子时背部感到一阵剧痛。
·The medicine can help reduce the pain.
这种药可以帮助减轻疼痛。
brightness
/ bra tn s/ n. 亮度
词性变换
- adj. bright 明亮的
- adv. brightly 明亮地
短语
- the brightness of the sun 阳光的亮度
- adjust the brightness 调节亮度
例句
·The brightness of the light hurt my eyes.
光线的亮度刺痛了我的眼睛。
· You can adjust the brightness of the screen on your phone.
你可以调节手机屏幕的亮度。
environment
/ n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
词性变换
- adj. environmental 环境的
短语
- protect the environment 保护环境
- natural environment 自然环境
例句
·We should do our best to protect the environment.
我们应该尽最大努力保护环境。
·The animals in the zoo are not in their natural environment.
动物园里的动物不在它们的自然环境中。
cross
/kr s/ v. 穿越；横过；交叉
词性变换
- n. crossing 十字路口
短语
- cross the street 过马路
- cross one's arms 交叉双臂
例句
·You must look both ways before you cross the street.
过马路前必须左右看。
·He sat there with his arms crossed, looking angry.
他交叉着双臂坐在那里，看起来很生气。
themselves
/ m selvz/ pron. 他（或她、它）们自己
短语
- enjoy themselves 玩得开心
- by themselves 独自；靠他们自己
例句
·The children can take care of themselves now.
孩子们现在可以自己照顾自己了。
·They enjoyed themselves at the beach last weekend.
上周末他们在海滩玩得很开心。
happily
/ h p li/ adv. 快乐地；高兴地
词性变换
- adj. happy 快乐的
- n. happiness 幸福
短语
- live happily 幸福地生活
- smile happily 开心地笑
例句
·The children are playing happily in the park.
孩子们在公园里快乐地玩耍。
·They lived happily ever after.
从此他们幸福地生活在一起。
burn
/b n/ v. 燃烧；着火 n. 烧伤
词性变换
- adj. burnt 烧焦的；烧伤的
短语
- burn oneself 烫伤自己
- get burnt 被烧伤
例句
·Be careful not to burn yourself on the hot stove.
小心别被滚烫的炉灶烫伤。
·She got burnt when she touched the hot pan.
她碰到热锅时被烫伤了。
throw
/θr / v. 猛动（身体部位）；扔；抛 n. 扔；投（球）
短语
- throw away 扔掉
- throw at 朝……扔
例句
· Don’t throw away the empty bottles—we can recycle them.
别把空瓶子扔掉，我们可以回收利用。
· He threw the ball to his friend.
他把球扔给了朋友。
quick
/kw k/ adj. 快的；迅速的 adv. 迅速地；快速地
词性变换
- adv. quickly 迅速地
短语
- a quick look 快速看一眼
- be quick to do sth. 迅速做某事
例句
·He took a quick look at the clock and ran out of the door.
他快速看了一眼钟表，然后跑出了门。
·She is quick to learn new things.
她学新东西很快。
aid
/e d/ n. & v. 帮助；援助
短语
- first aid 急救
- aid sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事
例句
·Everyone should learn some first aid skills.
每个人都应该学习一些急救技能。
·The charity aids poor children in getting an education.
这个慈善机构帮助贫困儿童接受教育。
tonight
/t na t/ adv. 在今晚 n. 今夜；今晚
短语
- tonight’s meeting 今晚的会议
- stay at home tonight 今晚待在家里
例句
·What are you going to do tonight
你今晚打算做什么？
·We will have a party tonight.
我们今晚要举办一个派对。
sadly
/ s dli/ adv. 伤心地；令人遗憾地
词性变换
- adj. sad 伤心的
- n. sadness 悲伤
短语
- sadly enough 遗憾的是
- look sadly at 悲伤地看着
例句
· Sadly, we missed the last bus and had to walk home.
遗憾的是，我们错过了末班车，不得不走路回家。
· She looked sadly at the photo of her dead dog.
她悲伤地看着她死去的狗的照片。
smoke
/sm k/ n. 烟 v. 吸烟；冒烟
词性变换
- n. smoker 吸烟者
- adj. smoky 冒烟的
短语
- smoke a cigarette 抽烟
- no smoking 禁止吸烟
例句
·It is not allowed to smoke in public places in many countries.
在很多国家，公共场所禁止吸烟。
· The smoke from the fire made it hard to breathe.
火灾产生的烟雾让人难以呼吸。
luckily
/ l k li/ adv. 幸运地
词性变换
- adj. lucky 幸运的
- n. luck 运气
短语
- luckily for sb. 对某人来说幸运的是
例句
·Luckily, it didn’t rain and we could have the picnic.
幸运的是，天没下雨，我们可以去野餐。
· Luckily for him, the bus came just as he arrived at the stop.
对他来说幸运的是，他刚到车站，公交车就来了。
badly
/ b dli/ adv. 严重地
词性变换
- adj. bad 坏的
短语
- be badly hurt 受重伤
- want badly 非常想要
例句
·He was badly hurt in the accident and was sent to the hospital.
他在事故中受了重伤，被送进了医院。
· I want badly to go to the concert next week.
我非常想要去下周的演唱会。
harm
/hɑ m/ n. & v. 伤害；损害
词性变换
- adj. harmful 有害的
- adj. harmless 无害的
短语
- do harm to 对……有害
- cause harm 造成伤害
例句
·Smoking does great harm to your health.
吸烟对你的健康有很大危害。
·The chemical may cause harm to the environment.
这种化学物质可能会对环境造成危害。
pill
/p l/ n. 药丸；药片
短语
- take a pill 吃药片
- a sleeping pill 安眠药
例句
· You should take a pill before going to bed to help you sleep.
你睡前应该吃一片药来帮助睡眠。
·The doctor gave him some pills for his headache.
医生给了他一些治头痛的药片。
harmful
/ hɑ mfl/ adj. 有害的
词性变换
- n. harm 伤害
- adv. harmfully 有害地
短语
- be harmful to 对……有害
- harmful substances 有害物质
例句
·Too much sugar is harmful to your teeth.
过多的糖对你的牙齿有害。
· We should avoid using harmful substances in our daily life.
我们在日常生活中应该避免使用有害物质。
hit
/h t/ v. (hit, hit) 碰撞；击；打 n. 打；击；击中
短语
- hit sb. on the head 打某人的头
- hit the target 击中目标
例句
·A ball hit him on the head while he was walking in the park.
他在公园散步时，一个球击中了他的头。
·The arrow hit the target exactly in the center.
箭正中靶心。
shock
/ k/ n. 震惊；令人震惊的事 v. 使震惊；使惊愕
词性变换
- adj. shocked 震惊的
- adj. shocking 令人震惊的
短语
- be shocked at 对……感到震惊
- in shock 处于震惊中
例句
· I was shocked at the news of his death.
我对他去世的消息感到震惊。
· The accident left him in shock and he couldn’t speak for a long time.
事故让他陷入震惊，很久都说不出话。
bleed
/bli d/ v. (bled /bled/, bled) 流血；出血
词性变换
- n. bleeding 出血
短语
- bleed heavily 大量出血
- stop bleeding 止血
例句
· His nose started to bleed after he fell down.
他摔倒后鼻子开始流血。
·We need to stop the bleeding before taking him to the hospital.
送他去医院前我们需要先止血。
check
/t ek/ v. 检查；查明 n. 检查；调查
短语
- check in 登记；报到
- check out 结账离开；检查
例句
·You should check in at the airport two hours before your flight.
你应该在航班起飞前两小时到机场办理登机手续。
·Please check out the details of the plan before we start.
开始前请检查一下计划的细节。
nervously
/ n v sli/ adv. 紧张不安地
词性变换
- adj. nervous 紧张的
- n. nervousness 紧张
短语
- smile nervously 紧张地笑
- wait nervously 紧张地等待
例句
·She smiled nervously before going on stage to give a speech.
上台演讲前，她紧张地笑了笑。
· We are waiting nervously for the exam results.
我们紧张地等待着考试结果。
Exercises
Unit 2
1. I have a __________（胃痛）, so I don't want to eat anything.
2. You should go to see a ______（牙医）if you have a toothache.
3. Washing hands often can help prevent ______（疾病）.
4. The ______（病毒）spread quickly in the small village last month.
5. My father has a ______（背痛）because he works in front of the computer all day.
6. We should do our best to protect the natural __________（环境）.
7. The nurse took my temperature and did a ______（检查）for me.
stomachache
dentist
illness
virus
backach
根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
environment
check
8. Smoking is _______（有害的）to our health.
9. He fell down from the bike and his arm started to b______.
10. I was s______ to hear the bad news about my old friend.
11. You should a______ making the same mistake in your homework.
12. The little girl cried s______ when she couldn't find her mother.
13. L______, I got on the last bus and didn't have to walk home.
14. The bright light h______ my eyes, so I closed them at once.
15. He ran q______ to the station, but he still missed the train.
harmful
leed
hocked
根据句意及汉语或首字母提示完成单词。
void
adly
uckily
urt
uickly
用单词的适当形式填空。
1. The children enjoyed __________ (they) very much at the birthday party.
2. My mother is a ________ (care) woman, but she made a mistake yesterday because she was too tired.
3. After the long walk, all of us felt our legs ______ (ache).
4. It's important for us __________ (protect) the environment around us.
5. The ____________ (describe) of the beautiful park made me want to visit it at once.
6. You should be ________ (patience) with your little brother when he asks you questions.
themselves
careful
aching
to protect
description
patient
用单词的适当形式填空。
7. Smoking ______ (do) great harm to your lungs, so you'd better give it up.
8. He ______ (hit) the tree by accident when he rode his bike fast yesterday.
9. The little boy looked ________ (nervous) at his mother because he broke the cup.
10. She ______ (burn) her hand when she was cooking in the kitchen yesterday evening.
does
hit
nervously
burnt
选词填空。
sore, cough, fever, avoid, medicine
1. My mother had a ______ throat and she couldn't speak loudly.
2. If you ______ catching a cold, you should wear warm clothes in winter.
3. The little boy has a high ______, so his mother takes him to the hospital.
4. You need to take this ________ three times a day after meals.
5. He has a bad ______ because he played in the rain yesterday.
sore
avoid
fever
medicine
cough
See You!

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