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中考英语语法
三种时态的被动语态 语法精讲 答案解析
Ⅰ. 单项选择
1.【答案】B
【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态，结构为must be+过去分词；书是“被归还”的动作承受者，图书馆规则为客观规定，用被动形式。
2.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，结构为am/is/are+过去分词；画作被收藏、被观赏是客观状态，两个主语均为单数，故用is kept和is seen。
3.【答案】C
【解析】前空考查一般将来时的被动语态（will be+过去分词），next month表将来，地铁线是“被开通”的承受者；后空考查一般现在时的被动语态，客观说明地铁修建的目的，用is built。
4.【答案】C
【解析】考查主谓一致的就近原则和一般过去时，the teacher为单数，且when引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时，故用was。
5.【答案】B
【解析】考查现在完成时的被动语态，结构为have/has been+过去分词；since是现在完成时的标志，小女孩是“被照顾”的动作承受者，主语为单数用has been taken care of。
6.【答案】A
【解析】考查主谓一致的就远原则，主语为The teacher（单数），as well as后的内容不影响主语单复数；next week表将来，用一般现在时被动表将来的被动动作。
7.【答案】B
【解析】前空考查一般过去时的主动语态，询问“谁打破窗户”，动作发出者明确用主动，用broke；后空考查情态动词的被动语态（might be+过去分词），窗户是“被风吹破”的承受者。
8.【答案】B
【解析】前空考查一般现在时的被动语态，手机是“被制造”的承受者，用is made；后空考查主动表被动，sell well表“畅销”，无被动形式，用sells。
9.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，in the 19th century是过去时间，电脑“被发明”、“被称作”计算机之父，均为被动动作，主语为单数，用was invented和was called。
10.【答案】A
【解析】前空考查一般现在时的被动语态，now表现在，塑料袋是“被禁止”的承受者，用are banned；后空考查一般现在时的主动语态，塑料袋是“造成污染”的动作发出者，用cause。
11.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，2025冬奥会是将来事件，冬奥会和文化活动均为“被举办”的动作承受者，用will be held。
12.【答案】B
【解析】前空考查现在完成时的被动语态，yet是现在完成时的标志，规则是“被发送”的承受者，用have been sent；后空考查一般将来时的被动语态，next week表将来，用will be sent。
13.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，自行车的制造是过去发生的动作，it为单数，用was made。
14.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，next spring表将来，树是“被种植”的动作承受者，用will be planted。
15.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，just now是过去时间标志，教室是“被打扫”的承受者，用was cleaned。
16.【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，玩具的制作、由塑料和布制成，均为被动动作，it为单数，两处均用is made。
17.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，next Monday表将来，讲座是“被举办”的动作承受者，用will be given。
18.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，a moment ago是过去时间标志，玩具车是“被摔坏”的承受者，用was broken。
19.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态的一般疑问句，旅行是过去的动作，照片是“被拍摄”的承受者，主语为复数，用Were taken。
20.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，yesterday是过去时间标志，新闻是“被传播”的承受者，用was spread。
21.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，now表现在，智能手表是“被使用”的承受者，主语为复数，用are used。
22.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，tomorrow表将来，问题是“被讨论”的承受者，用will be discussed。
23.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，last week是过去时间标志，both...and...连接复数主语，信和明信片是“被寄”的承受者，用were sent。
24.【答案】D
【解析】前空考查一般过去时，just now表过去，用was；后空考查一般过去时的被动语态，书是“被拿走”的承受者，用was taken。
25.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，规则是“被制定”、我们是“被要求”遵守规则的，均为被动动作，主语均为复数，用are made和are asked。
Ⅱ. 根据句意，用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1.【答案】are planted
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，every spring表习惯性动作，trees为复数，树是“被种植”的承受者，用are+planted。
2.【答案】was broken
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，yesterday afternoon表过去，bike为单数，bike是“被撞坏”的承受者，break的过去分词为broken，用was+broken。
3.【答案】will be built
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，next year表将来，hospital为单数，医院是“被建造”的承受者，用will be+built。
4.【答案】is spoken
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，now表现在，English为不可数名词，英语是“被说”的承受者，用is+spoken。
5.【答案】was cleaned
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，just now表过去，classroom为单数，教室是“被打扫”的承受者，用was+cleaned。
6.【答案】is made
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，表客观事实，this kind of watch为单数，手表是“被制造”的承受者，用is+made。
7.【答案】is held
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，every autumn表习惯性动作，sports meeting为单数，运动会是“被举办”的承受者，用is+held。
8.【答案】wasn't sent
【解析】考查一般过去时被动语态的否定形式，last week表过去，letter为单数，信是“被寄送”的承受者，send的过去分词为sent，用wasn't+sent。
9.【答案】will be given
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，next Monday表将来，a talk为单数，讲座是“被举办”的承受者，用will be+given。
10.【答案】was pulled
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，last month表过去，house为单数，房子是“被推倒”的承受者，用was+pulled。
11.【答案】must be returned
【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态，结构为must be+过去分词，书是“被归还”的承受者，用must be+returned。
12.【答案】are cleaned
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，every day表习惯性动作，windows为复数，窗户是“被打扫”的承受者，用are+cleaned。
13.【答案】was invented
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，in the 19th century表过去，computer为单数，电脑是“被发明”的承受者，用was+invented。
14.【答案】will be discussed
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，tomorrow morning表将来，problem为单数，问题是“被讨论”的承受者，用will be+discussed。
15.【答案】is grown
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，表客观事实，rice为不可数名词，水稻是“被种植”的承受者，用is+grown。
16.【答案】was stolen
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，yesterday表过去，mobile phone为单数，手机是“被偷”的承受者，steal的过去分词为stolen，用was+stolen。
17.【答案】were announced
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，just now表过去，rules为复数，规则是“被宣布”的承受者，用were+announced。
18.【答案】will be built
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，in the next five years表将来，roads为复数，道路是“被建造”的承受者，用will be+built。
19.【答案】is taken care of
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，when引导的时间状语从句为一般现在时，girl为单数，小女孩是“被照顾”的承受者，固定短语take care of的被动需保留of，用is+taken care of。
20.【答案】was written
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，in 1921表过去，novel为单数，小说是“被写”的承受者，write的过去分词为written，用was+written。
21.【答案】can be answered
【解析】考查情态动词的被动语态，结构为can be+过去分词，问题是“被回答”的承受者，用can be+answered。
22.【答案】are watered
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，every morning表习惯性动作，flowers为复数，花是“被浇水”的承受者，用are+watered。
23.【答案】will be held
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，2026是将来时间，World Cup为单数，世界杯是“被举办”的承受者，用will be+held。
24.【答案】has been told
【解析】考查现在完成时的被动语态，many times表动作反复发生，story为单数，故事是“被讲述”的承受者，用has been+told。
25.【答案】hasn't been opened
【解析】考查现在完成时被动语态的否定形式，yet是现在完成时的标志，subway line为单数，地铁线是“被开通”的承受者，用hasn't been+opened。
Ⅲ. 完形填空
1.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，剪纸被视作文化瑰宝是客观事实，it（剪纸）为单数，用is regarded。
2.【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，now表现在，it（剪纸）为单数，剪纸是“被喜爱”的承受者，用is loved。
3.【答案】C
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态和固定搭配，客观说明剪纸的制作材料，it（剪纸）为单数，be made from表“由……制成（看不出原材料）”，用is made。
4.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，客观说明红纸的使用场景，red paper为不可数名词，红纸是“被使用”的承受者，用is used。
5.【答案】A
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，patterns为复数，图案是“被创作”的承受者，用are created。
6.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，节日贴剪纸是习惯性动作，they（图案）为复数，图案是“被张贴”的承受者，be put on表“被张贴”，用are put。
7.【答案】C
【解析】考查一般过去时的被动语态，a few years ago表过去，it（剪纸）为单数，剪纸是“被遗忘”的承受者，用was forgotten。
8.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，now表现在，activities为复数，文化活动是“被举办”的承受者，用are held。
9.【答案】B
【解析】考查一般现在时的被动语态，so引导结果状语从句，the art（剪纸艺术）为单数，艺术是“被教授”的承受者，用is taught。
10.【答案】D
【解析】考查一般将来时的被动语态，next month表将来，exhibition为单数，展览是“被举办”的承受者，用will be held。
第 2 页 共 2 页中考英语语法
三种时态的被动语态
语法精讲
项目 一般现在时被动语态 一般过去时被动语态 一般将来时被动语态
核心结构 am/is/are + 过去分词 was/were + 过去分词 will be + 过去分词 be going to be + 过去分词
时间标志词 often, usually, always, every day, nowadays, in general yesterday, last week/year, just now, ago, in 2020, at that time tomorrow, next week/month, soon, in the future, later
否定形式 am/is/are not + 过去分词 was/were not + 过去分词 will not be + 过去分词 be not going to be + 过去分词
一般疑问形式 Am/Is/Are + 主语 + 过去分词？ Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词？ Will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ Be + 主语 + going to be + 过去分词？
特殊疑问句结构 疑问词 + am/is/are + 主语 + 过去分词？ 例：Where is this book made （这本书是哪里制造的？） 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 过去分词？ 例：Who was the song sung by （这首歌是谁唱的？） 疑问词 + will + 主语 + be + 过去分词？ 例：When will the meeting be held （会议将在何时举行？）
主谓一致规则 1. 主语单数 / 不可数 → is 例：The tree is watered every day. 2. 主语复数 → are 例：The trees are watered every day. 3. 就近 / 就远原则同主动语态 1. 主语单数 / 不可数 → was 例：The window was broken yesterday. 2. 主语复数 → were 例：The windows were broken yesterday. 1. 主语单复数不影响 will be 结构 例：The book will be read. / The books will be read. 2. be going to be 中 be 动词与主语一致 例：He is going to be invited. / They are going to be invited.
不规则动词过去分词 需记忆高频不规则变化： do→done, eat→eaten, see→seen, break→broken, go→gone, make→made, write→written 同左，过去分词形式不变，仅 be 动词变为 was/were 同左，过去分词形式不变，仅搭配 will be/be going to be
例句（肯定） English is spoken in many countries. The window was broken by Tom yesterday. A new library will be built next year.
例句（否定） This kind of car isn't made in China. The letter wasn't sent last night. The meeting won't be held tomorrow.
例句（疑问） Is this song sung by students Were the books bought by your mom Will the plan be discussed this afternoon
核心考点 1. 主谓一致（is/are 选择） 2. 客观事实 / 习惯的被动表达 1. 主谓一致（was/were 选择） 2. 过去时间点的被动动作 1. 将来时间的被动表达 2. will be /be going to be 结构区分
易错提醒 不及物动词（happen, appear, arrive）无被动语态；注意不规则过去分词拼写 同左，同时注意 was/were 与主语的数一致 被动语态中 be 动词不可省略，will 后必须接 be
语法精练
I.单项选择
I.单项选择
1. —Our school library has a new rule: books ______ back within two weeks.
—That's good! It can make more people share the books.
A. must return B. must be returned C. returned D. were returned
2. The famous painting Along the River During the Qingming Festival ______ in the Palace Museum in Beijing, and it ______ by millions of visitors every year.
A. keeps; sees B. is kept; is seen
C. kept; saw D. was kept; was seen
3. —Do you know when the new subway line in our city ______
—Next month. It ______ to make our daily life easier.
A. will open; is built B. is opened; builds
C. will be opened; is built D. was opened; built
4. Neither the students nor the teacher ______ in the classroom when the earthquake happened, so no one was hurt.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
5. —______ the little girl ______ by her grandparents since her parents went to work in the city
—Yes, she has lived in the countryside for 5 years.
A. Has; taken care of B. Has; been taken care of
C. Is; taken care of D. Was; taken care of
6. The teacher as well as her two students ______ to give a talk about environmental protection at the meeting next week.
A. is invited B. are invited C. invites D. invited
7. —Look! The window is broken. Who ______ it
—I'm not sure. It might ______ by the wind last night.
A. broke; break B. broke; be broken
C. was broken; break D. was broken; be broken
8. This kind of mobile phone ______ in China, and it ______ well all over the world because of its high quality.
A. makes; sells B. is made; sells
C. is made; is sold D. makes; is sold
9. The old man told us that the first computer ______ by Charles Babbage in the 19th century, and it ______ as the "father of the computer".
A. invented; called B. was invented; called
C. invented; was called D. was invented; was called
10. —Do you know why plastic bags ______ in many places now
—Because they ______ serious pollution to the environment.
A. are banned; cause B. were banned; caused C. are banning; caused D. banned; cause
11. The 2025 Winter Olympics ______ in Harbin, and many traditional Chinese cultural activities ______ during the games to show the world our beauty.
A. will hold; will hold B. will be held; will be held
C. is held; are held D. was held; were held
12. —______ the new rules for online learning ______ to all the students yet
—No, the teacher said they ______ out next week.
A. Have; sent; will send B. Have; been sent; will be sent
C. Did; send; sent D. Were; sent; were sent
13. —Your new bike looks nice! Where ______ it ______
—In a big store in our city. It’s a local brand.
A. is; made B. was; made C. does; make D. did; make
14. More trees ______ along the river next spring to stop the water from washing the earth away.
A. plant B. planted C. are planted D. will be planted
15. The classroom ______ just now, so it’s very clean and tidy now.
A. cleans B. cleaned C. is cleaned D. was cleaned
16. —Can you tell me how the new toy ______
—Sorry, I don’t know. But it ______ of plastic and cloth.
A. makes; is made B. is made; makes
C. is made; is made D. made; made
17. A talk on Chinese traditional festivals ______ in our school hall next Monday.
A. will give B. will be given C. gives D. is given
18. The little boy was crying because his toy car ______ by his little sister a moment ago.
A. breaks B. broke C. is broken D. was broken
19. —______ these photos ______ by your father when you travelled to Xi’an
—Yes, he likes taking photos very much.
A. Do; take B. Did; take C. Are; taken D. Were; taken
20. The news about the space station ______ all over the country by radio and TV yesterday.
A. spreads B. spread C. is spread D. was spread
21. With the development of technology, smart watches ________ by more and more teenagers now.
A. use B. are used C. used D. were used
22. The problem _________at the meeting tomorrow because it's very important for our team.
A. will discuss B. will be discussed C. discusses D. is discussed
23. Both the letter and the postcard to my parents last week.
A. sends B. sent C. is sent D. were sent
24. —I can't find my English book. It was on the desk just now.
—Maybe it by someone by mistake.
A. is; takes B. was; took C. was; is taken D. was; was taken
25. Some new rules _______in our school to keep students safe, and all of us _________to follow them.
A. make; ask B. are made; are asked
C. made; asked D. are made; ask
II. 根据句意,用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. Many trees ______ (plant) in our city every spring to make the air fresher.
2. The little boy’s bike ______ (break) by a car yesterday afternoon.
3. A new hospital ______ (build) in the neighborhood next year.
4. English ______ (speak) by more and more people around the world now.
5. The classroom ______ (clean) by the students just now, so it’s very tidy.
6. This kind of watch ______ (make) in Switzerland. It’s very expensive.
7. The sports meeting ______ (hold) in our school every autumn.
8. The letter ______ (not send) last week because there was a stamp missing.
9. A talk on health ______ (give) in our school hall next Monday.
10. The old house ______ (pull) down last month to build a new park.
11. These books ______ (must return) to the library within two weeks.
12. The windows of our classroom ______ (clean) every day by the on-duty students.
13. The first computer ______ (invent) by Charles Babbage in the 19th century.
14. The problem ______ (discuss) at the meeting tomorrow morning.
15. Rice ______ (grow) in the south of China.
16. My mobile phone ______ (steal) when I was shopping in the supermarket yesterday.
17. The new rules ______ (announce) by the teacher in class just now.
18. More roads ______ (build) in our town in the next five years.
19. The little girl ______ (take care of) by her aunt when her parents are at work.
20. The famous novel ______ (write) by Lu Xun in 1921.
21. This question ______ (can answer) by most of the students in our class.
22. The flowers in the garden ______ (water) by my grandma every morning.
23. The 2026 World Cup ______ (hold) in Canada, Mexico and the US.
24. The old man’s story ______ (tell) many times, but people still like to hear it.
25. The new subway line ______ (not open) yet. We have to wait for another month.
III.完型填空
Chinese paper cutting is a famous traditional art. It has a long history and it 1 as one of the most important Chinese cultural treasures. People began to do paper cutting in China over 1,500 years ago, and now it 2 by people all over the country, even all over the world.
Paper cutting 3 from simple paper with scissors or knives. Usually, red paper 4 because red means good luck in Chinese culture. Different kinds of patterns 5 in paper cutting, such as flowers, animals and Chinese characters. They 6 on windows, doors or walls during important festivals like the Spring Festival.
A few years ago, paper cutting 7 by some young people because they thought it was out of date. But now, with the help of the government, more and more cultural activities 8 to let people know about it. Many schools also have paper cutting classes, so the art 9 to more students. It's said that a new paper cutting exhibition 10 in our city next month. We are sure that this traditional art will be better and better.
( )1.
A. regards B. is regarded C. regarded D. was regarded
( )2.
A. loves B. loved C. is loved D. was loved
( )3.
A. makes B. made C. is made D. was made
( )4.
A. uses B. is used C. used D. was used
( )5.
A. are created B. create C. created D. were created
( )6.
A. put B. are put C. were put D. puts
( )7.
A. forgot B. is forgotten C. was forgotten D. forgets
( )8.
A. hold B. are held C. were held D. will be held
( )9.
A. teaches B. is taught C. taught D. was taught
( )10.
A. will hold B. holds C. is held D. will be held
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