资源简介

【答案】1. must
2. that 3. is usually left
4. less likely
5. for##because of
6. to justify
7. engaging
8. which 9. altering
10. While##Though##Although
【答案】11. E 12. B 13. A 14. C 15. J 16. F 17. G 18. I 19. H 20. D
【答案】21. F 22. J
23. B 24. D
25. G 26. E
27. C 28. H
29. A 30. I
【答案】31. C 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. D 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. D 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. C 45. D
【答案】46. C 47. A 48. B
【答案】49. C 50. B 51. A
【答案】52. D 53. D 54. C 55. B
【答案】56. D 57. C 58. F 59. A上海市延安中学2025学年第一学期质量调研
高二年级英语试卷
（时间：90分钟 满分：100分）
第I卷 （81分）
I. Listening Comprehension （15%）
Section A （5%）
Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, α question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper. and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.
1.A. Stay indoors. B. Clean the wastes. C. Go for a bike ride. D. Air the room.
2.A. Father and daughter. B. Teacher and student. C. Doctor and patient. D. Boss and secretary.
3.A. Daniel works effectively. B. Daniel sleeps well.
C. Daniel makes full use of energy. D. The woman wants to know Daniel.
4.A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Twelve.
5.A. He doesn't have a car. B. He left the car at the garage.
C. He will not be available. D. He will have dinner with the professor.
6.A. He misses the woman. B. He hasn't gone fishing for a long time.
C. He went fishing last night. D. He thinks the woman knows him well.
7.A. She expected more people at her party. B. She enjoyed entertaining small children.
C. She threw a surprise party for her friend. D. She has always enjoyed great popularity.
8.A. He can only speak English. B. He cannot speak Japanese.
C. He can speak three languages. D. He has visited many foreign countries.
9.A. John knows a lot about restaurants. B. John wrote a book about restaurants.
C. John used to work in a restaurant. D. John knows little about restaurants.
10.A. Uneasy. B. Angry. C. All right. D. Good.
Section B(10%)
Directions: In Section B, you will hear several short passages and longer conversations, and you will be asked some questions on each of the passages and the conversations. The passages and the conversations will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you've heard.
Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
11. A. To show different lines. B. To make the world colorful.
C. To attract more passengers. D. To tell one nation from another.
12. A. They are not colors. B. They are symbols of night and day.
C. They are primary colors. D. They have some particular meanings
13. A. The meanings of black and white colors.
B. The usefulness of colors in people's life.
C. The importance of colors in different countries.
D. Different countries use colors in different ways.
Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.
14. A. An educator B. A fund manager C. An automobile worker. D. A seed shop clerk.
15. A. At first discouraging and later regretful. B. At first kind and later sympathetic.
C. At first annoyed and later impressive. D. At first unconcerned and later highly supportive.
16. A. By growing a crop of peanuts. B. By starting a school.
C. By investing in automobile industry D. By handing the money back to Mr. Ford.
Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.
17. A. A new student and an old student. B. Students learning Spanish
C. Students learning English: D. A teacher and a student
18. A. During a break between classes. B. On the first day of the semester
C. In the first class of the semester. D. At the end of the semester
19. A. From a notice B. From a university brochure.
C. From the reception desk. D. From the information centre.
20. A. To go to a meeting room. B. To go to Room 110.
C. To go to Room 290. D. To go to Room 310.
II. Grammar and Vocabulary （30%）
Section A （10%）
Directions: After reading the passages below, fill in the blanks to make the passages coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.
Narcissism is a psychological condition defined as an obsession with the self and extreme cases may be diagnosed as narcissistic personality disorder （NPD）
According to some psychoanalysts, almost all people begin life with some degree of self-obsession. Since babies are born helpless, their physical and emotional needs____1____ be addressed by the people surrounding them. In the infant’s mind, this translates to a deeply held belief ____2____ he is the center of the world, known as primary narcissism. This belief ____3____ （usually leave）behind as children grow older and become more independent.
People with mild symptoms may actually benefit from their self-interested tendencies. According to some studies, mild narcissists tend to experience less stress, self-doubt, and remorse than non-narcissists. Their feeling of self-importance and invulnerability makes them ____4____ （likely) to suffer from depression and more likely to pursue their dreams and goals.
Those with clinical NPD, however, can have difficult and frustrating lives. In extreme cases, they may be simply unable to understand why the world does not work according to their beliefs. Despite a desire for strong personal relationships, they may be unable to maintain them ____5____ their self-obsession. In rare cases, the ability ____6____ （justify) any behavior for personal gain may be so strong that a narcissist may find himself ____7____ （engage）in manipulative, criminal, or violent acts.
Psychotherapy is often recommended as the first line of treatment for this condition. Cognitive behavioral therapy, ____8____ focuses on identifying and ____9____(alter) unhealthy behavioral patterns, can also be very helpful in constructing a healthier lifestyle. How effective these treatments usually depend on how severe the condition is. ____10____ fully defeating narcissistic urges may not always be possible, psychotherapy creates an open forum to discuss related issues and manage the problems caused by this condition.
Section B （10%）
Directions: Complete the sentences with the words or phrases in the box. Each word or phrase can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need.
A. panel B. customize C. follow the herd D. take the edge off E. ultimately F. polish G. prosperity H. genuinely I. privilege J. vehicle K. stretch
11. Whatever the scientists ________ conclude, all of their data will immediately be challenged.
12. In response to the growing demand for personalized experiences, many companies are trying to ________ their products.
13. The expert ________ discussing the future of Al in the tech conference made some groundbreaking predictions.
14. In the world of cryptocurrency investment, many immature investors tend to ________.
15. The new documentary series on streaming services is a remarkable ________ for presenting the untold stories of marginalized communities.
16. It often takes writers, whether prominent ones or greenhands, a great deal of time to ________ their manuscripts.
17. The new government policies are aimed at promoting economic ________, with initiatives to boost small-and medium-sized enterprises.
18. Having access to high-quality education should never be a(n) ________ for the wealthy few.
19. It is encouraging to see that many celebrities are ________ using their influence to raise awareness about important social issues.
20. The sudden influx of new competitors in the electric vehicle market is starting to ________ Tesla’s once-dominant market advantage.
Section C （10%）
Directions: Complete the passage with the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. There is one extra that you do not need.
A. resonate B. moderate C. modest D. assumption E. association F. credited G. monitored H. spell I. respectful J. insight K. respective
Archimedes had his eureka moment in the bath. Sir Isaac Newton claimed his breakthroughs were achieved by standing on the shoulders of giants. Descartes (笛卡尔) ____21____his foundational ideas to divine (神圣的) enlightenment that empowered human reason.
For ordinary people, however, the surest path to sudden ____22____ may be a good nap. A study suggests that a 20-minute snooze (打盹儿) can boost problem-solving ability by more than 50 per cent but only if you achieve a state of rest known as N2 sleep.
N2 is a stage of light-to ____23____ sleep that comes after you first drift off. During N2 sleep, brain waves slow down, with occasional bursts of activity known as sleep spindles, which are thought to help with memory and learning.
To test the ____24____, a research team from Hamburg University first invited a group of participants to nap for 20 minutes while their brain waves were ____25____ via electroencephalogram (EEG), which showed whether they had reached N2 sleep. The participants were then asked to watch a cloud of orange or purple dots on a screen. They had to press one of two keys as quickly as they could to indicate the direction in which the dots were travelling.
At first, the color did not correlate with movement direction. After a while, however, the color began predicting direction, enabling faster responses and the participants were assessed on their ability to spontaneously identify the ____26____. Among N2 sleepers, 86% detected the link, versus 56% of awake participants.
Of course, there are limitations: the sample size was ____27____, with only 90 participants and the task’s artificial design. No one, as yet, has proven that a brief ____28____ of N2 sleep will help you write a sonnet (十四行诗), or understand Einstein’s theory of general relativity
However, the researchers believe that the findings will ____29____ with most people. “I think a lot of us have made the subjective experience of having important realizations after a short nap,” said one of the lead authors.
Next time you’re caught napping at your desk, try explaining you’re optimizing cognitive performance through strategic N2 sleep. If met with skepticism, cite the Hamburg study with a ____30____ footnote to your teacher!
II. Reading Comprehension （36%）
Section A （15%）
Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B. C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context
The Psychology of Money in a Buy Now Pay Later World
Not long ago, you had to physically hand over cash to buy something. You witnessed it ____31____ your wallet. But you can now pay for a new phone in three instalments (分期付款) and barely notice the difference. We are becoming increasingly free of the emotional burden of spending and our mental health is being profoundly affected by this quiet shift.
The popularity of Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) plans has skyrocketed. They promise freedom and flexibility, but the ease of use can deceive our minds. When payment is deferred or divided into smaller payments, we are wired to feel less emotionally ____32____. When the act of paying is separated from the act of purchasing, we are more likely to overspend. This psychological ____33____ allows people to underestimate the long-term cost of their spending and often leads to ____34____ financial decisions. In societies where digital credit is easily ____35____ but financial education is limited, these behaviors can spiral into chronic debt.
This impulsivity isn’t ____36____; it’s deeply rooted in our psychology because money isn’t just about maths; it has to do with meaning. We buy things to feel better, to belong, or to prove we’re doing well — even if the reality looks very different. When we shop to alleviate sadness, boredom, stress, or low self-worth, we are engaging in emotional spending. ____37____ the brief relief it may provide, it frequently results in deeper shame, particularly when the financial influence becomes apparent. This shame can prevent individuals from seeking help, causing long-lasting financial and emotional stress.
People frequently do not ____38____ what they are agreeing to in a world of stylish apps and approval with a single ____39____. Financial literacy remains uneven in emerging economies, particularly among younger populations. Understanding compound interest is important, but understanding why we spend the way we do is just as important. ____40____, identity, self-esteem, and emotional regulation are all closely linked to financial behaviors.
We need to talk about money more often not just how to make it, but how we feel about it. Therapists should be able to ask about financial stress with confidence. Financial education ought to be people’s feelings of isolation and shame. Financial stress can make you feel helpless, but by ____41____ the emotional issue of money and building healthier habits, we can move from crisis to confidence.
The next time you see the ____42____ “Pay in 3” button, take a moment to ____43____. Ask yourself: Do I really need this Or do I just need to feel better We live in a world where money is ____44____, but the emotional price it brings is very, very real. If we start noticing that cost — not just in pounds, dollars, or rupees, but in stress, shame, and mental ____45____ we might finally treat money not only as a resource, but as something deeply psychological.
31. A. amplify B. emerge C. exit D. enter
32. A. drained B. obsessed C. horrified D. unprovoked
33. A. association B. disconnection C. assumption D. distribution
34. A. intrusive B. intuitive C. impulsive D. intensive
35. A. understandable B. unpredictable C. adaptable D. accessible
36. A. obsessive B. greedy C. random D. passionate
37. A. In spite of B. In terms of C. In contrast to D. In addition to
38. A. acknowledge B. comprehend C. interpret D. oppose
39. A. word B. thought C. tap D. move
40. A. However B. Therefore C. Contrarily D. Additionally
41. A. addressing B. adding C. shedding D. scripting
42. A. decent B. tempting C. authentic D. sacred
43 A. pause B. opt C. wonder D. doubt
44. A. vital B. visible C. intangible D. overwhelming
45. A. gratification B. gratitude C. fraud D. fatigue
Section B （15%）
Directions: Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.
（A）
The Road Less Taken to the Nobel Prize
Frances Arnold has always been a rebel. Her willingness to question authority and make her own way helped her earn the 2018 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for her pioneering work in “directed evolution of enzymes (酶).”Getting there, though, required Arnold to refine her innovative effort in a process that took decades.
Arnold, 65, grew up in a conservative family in a suburb of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. At the age of 15, she left home to seek an independent life. She found her own apartment in the city and worked a number of jobs to get by – while still attending high school.
The experience taught her valuable life lessons. “I'm not a follower,” she says. “I had to do my thing in my own way and often it was the hard way.”
Arnold was eventually reconciled (和解) with her family. She applied to the mechanical engineering department at Princeton University, her dad's alma mater (母校).After graduating in 1979, she briefly took up jobs in solar technology before realizing it was not where her passion lay. Her determination to make a difference, however, remained unchanged. She went back to school to earn advanced degrees in chemical engineering at the University of California at Berkeley
When she completed her postdoctoral (博士后的) work there in 1986, Arnold joined the faculty at Caltech (加 州理工学院) and has since been working there in the fields of chemical engineering, bioengineering and biochemistry.
In terms of research potential, her timing was perfect. The world of DNA was just opening up. Gene splicing (基因剪接) technology was new.
“We were hoping to make the code of life work for us.” Arnold recalls. At the time it was a complicated, laborious process that required knowing which changes in the DNA would lead to whatever traits the researchers wanted to change. To make a useful medicine, for instance, the responsible gene had to be modified.
Never one to follow the crowd, she thought she had a better idea—use evolution, because DNA was “composed by evolution over the millennia.” Her vision was to speed it up and make it work for us.
“Humans have been creating new forms of life by artificial selection for thousands of years,” she says. “From corn to hairless cats, we've been modifying DNA to serve us by choosing who goes on to parent the next generation.” She decided to breed proteins that had the traits she was interested in. And as it turned out, proteins were able to adapt quickly to new demands that were being placed upon them.
“To me, (directed evolution) seemed obvious,” she recalls. This was not true for everyone. “I got a lot of pushback. People were telling me the only proper way was to sit down and design genes.”
Despite the pressure, Arnold persevered. In part it was her determination and courage. But she doesn’t claim credit for herself. “Anything I do is small. But I amplify that by sharing ideas with other people,” she says. “They gave me the Nobel Prize really because my ideas were magnified (放大) by so many other people.”
46. What do we know about Arnold's early life from the passage
A. At 15, she left her conservative family, aiming to avoid the old-fashioned ways.
B. She took multiple jobs in the city to live a decent life while going to high school.
C. Living independently shaped her personality of sticking to her own approach
D. She reconciled with her family and was admitted to Princeton as her father wished
47 Why did Arnold's approach to enzyme research face initial doubt
A. It contradicted traditional gene-editing methods
B. She lacked formal training and only got perfect timing.
C. Directed evolution was considered too expensive.
D. Proteins were too quick to adapt to new demands.
48. What was Arnold's altitude toward the criticism of directed evolution method
A. Discouraged and ready to abandon her research. B. Firm yet open to collaborative improvement.
C. Indifferent to any external opinions. D. Overconfident in dismissing all opposition
（B）
What is allergy
“LEAVES OF THREE, let it be; berries white, take flight.” The old rhyme helps gardeners and hikers identify poison ivy, to which at least three out of four people are allergic (对……过敏的). This rhyme helps to avoid getting a really bad rash (疹子). But some people are allergic to things that are harder to avoid. Pollen (花粉), insect stings and even dust mites (尘螨) are all sources of allergies. Food allergies are also common: Even a small bite of peanuts or shellfish can cause a life-threatening reaction in some people. This begs the question: What causes allergies
It is not the allergens (过敏原), but your body's immune system. The immune system's job is to recognize dangerous substances that enter the body and get rid of them. But sometimes it works too well, going into high alert for something that isn't all that dangerous. You can compare it to a smoke alarm going off every time you cook a pizza. In other words, your immune system starts to fight this small disturbance as if it were a major threat. As a result, an allergic reaction occurs. Most allergies are troublesome, and some can be deadly. When the immune system gets confused about what’s dangerous and what's not, it can cause problems for the whole body.
The first time a person encounters an allergen, it may not cause a problem. The immune system learns to recognize the allergen, so it takes time for an allergy to develop. Once recognizing the allergen, the immune system produces antibodies to attack it. Among them, IgE is the type of antibody that causes allergic reactions.
IgE antibodies activate chemicals that cause inflammation (发炎) in the body. This inflammation causes symptoms such as a stuffy nose, watery eyes, and rashes. The symptoms depend on the location of inflammation in the body. For example, if it happens in the skin, it can cause a rash; if it happens in the stomach, it can lead to vomiting (呕吐) or diarrhea (腹泻).
IgE antibodies are not always harmful, and they help the body fight off parasites (寄生虫). They were extremely important for our ancestors to survive because parasites were widespread in the past. Since most people do not come into contact with parasites now, IgE antibodies have lost their job. As a result, they sometimes get too active and attack the wrong things, causing allergies.
49. The rhyme “Leaves of three, let it be” at the beginning serves primarily to ________
A. illustrate the danger of gardening resulting from poison ivy.
B. criticize traditional identification methods against poison ivy.
C. introduce common allergy triggers through a memorable example.
D. emphasize the importance of poetry in science education.
50. The “smoke alarm” analogy in Paragraph 2 is used to explain ________
A. why allergens physically harm the human body.
B. how the immune system overreacts to some substances.
C. the way in which parasites are detected by the body.
D. why quick medical response really matters.
51. Which statement is TRUE according to the passage
A. Allergic reactions require prior exposure to develop antibodies.
B. IgE antibodies can directly cause inflammation without chemical activation.
C. Parasite infections remain the primary function of IgE in modern humans.
D. Food allergies trigger identical symptoms regardless of body location.
（C）
① One of prehistory’s most amazing monuments is Stonehenge, England. This huge monument is made of gigantic blocks of stone. Thousands of years have passed since the first blocks of stone were brought to Salisbury Plain but the origins and the meaning of Stonehenge remain a mystery. Through the centuries no one has ever been able to reveal the mysteries hidden behind.
② However, with the invention of radiocarbon dating, scientists were able to tell us that the oldest parts of Stonehenge were built around 5,000 years ago. This makes them older than the pyramids of Egypt. Historians and archaeologists now think that Stonehenge was built in three main phases
③ At the start of the first phase, ancient people dug a large hole in the form of a circle. In the middle of the circle they made a small hill with the earth from the hole.
④ The second phase began before the wheel was invented. Stonehenge was rebuilt using around 80 blocks of stone, each weighing about 4 tons. Archaeologists know that these stones (called bluestones) came from the mountains of South Wales, about 320 kilometres away. But how people transported the bluestones remains a mystery
⑤ During the third phase, the early Bronze Age people decided to rearrange the bluestones to form the circle we see today. They added new, even larger stones (from an area over 30 kilometres away) to form structures called trilithons (two tall stones with a third across the top).
⑥Today about half of the original monument survives. Over the years some stones have fallen and others have been taken away and used for building
⑦ Why did these ancient people devote so much time and energy to this huge monument What took place at Stonehenge There have been many theories over the centuries. Today many experts believe that Stonehenge was built as an observatory or a calendar. The British astronomer Sir Norman Lockyer first suggested this in 1901, but many scholars did not agree with him. In 1963 another astronomer, Gerald Hawkins, discovered that the important stones point to different positions of the sun or the moon. He concluded that Stonehenge was an observatory and also a kind of primitive computer. He said that it predicted eclipses and the summer and winter solstices. But there are still many uncertainties. How did the ancient people who built Stonehenge know where to put the stones How could they calculate the movements of the sun and the moon without the knowledge we have today Some people even hold the belief that aliens from another world were involved in the construction of Stonehenge.
⑧ Will anyone ever find the right answer to the mystery
52 Which of the following is False about the construction of Stonehenge
A. The enormous stones contribute to Stonehenge’s status as a magnificent prehistoric monument.
B. The third phase repositioned bluestones into a circle and added stones far away for trilithons.
C. There has long been controversy over how the bluestones were transported from South Wales.
D. Radiocarbon dating suggests completion of the pyramids was prior to Stonehenge’s earliest phase.
53. What did trilithons most likely function as based on the passage
A. Supports for a roof over the central circle. B. Storage spaces for implements used in construction.
C. Markers for burial sites around the monument. D. A structure for tracking astronomical movements.
54 What can be inferred from paragraph 6 and 7 about Stonehenge
A. Human removal is believed to have accounted for the loss of half of the stones.
B. Thanks to a primitive computer, the monument could precisely predict eclipses.
C. Ancient builders likely had advanced astronomical knowledge beyond current understanding.
D. Since many things remain mysterious, aliens must have engaged in its completion.
55. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage
A. The construction process of Stonehenge and its historical significance.
B. The unsolved mysteries regarding Stonehenge’s purpose and construction.
C. The role of astronomers in uncovering Stonehenge’s construction and function.
D. The technological limitations of ancient people in transporting massive stones.
Section C （6%）
Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then choose the sentences that can be filled into the blanks. Note there are two more sentences than can be used.
The Pursuit of True Happiness in David Copperfield
David Copperfield by Charles Dickens is more than just a story; it’s a journey through the complexities of life, love, and the pursuit of happiness.
David’s early life is filled with hardship. Losing his father before birth and facing mistreatment at the hands of his stepfather, he endures a childhood far from idyllic. This shows that happiness isn’t just about a life without problems but having the strength to overcome obstacles. ____56____ But this experience makes him realize the importance of education and self-improvement, which later becomes a cornerstone of his pursuit of happiness.
Love plays a crucial role in David’s search for happiness. His first love, Dora, is a charming but somewhat impractical girl. Dora’s lack of domestic skills and practicality cause some friction in their marriage. This shows that while love is important, a successful relationship requires more than just passion. ____57____
As David matures, his perspective on happiness evolves. His friendship with Agnes has been a constant support throughout his life, and he eventually comes to see her as his soulmate. Their relationship is built on mutual respect, trust, and a shared vision of life. This shift in David’s romantic life teaches us that happiness in love can be found in a partner who complements us and helps us become better versions of ourselves.
____58____ But his determination and talent lead him to become a successful writer. When he writes, he not only expresses himself but also touches the lives of others. This sense of purpose and accomplishment adds a significant dimension to his happiness.
The novel also emphasizes the importance of family and friendship. David’s relationship with his aunt Betsey is a prime example. Despite her initial gruff exterior, she becomes a loving and supportive figure in his life. His friendship with Tommy Traddles is another source of joy. They support each other through thick and thin, sharing their dreams and sorrows. This shows that a strong support system of family and friends can bring warmth and happiness into our lives.
In conclusion, David Copperfield presents a multi-faceted view of happiness. ____59____. Dickens shows us that true happiness comes from within, from the relationships we build, the work we do, and our ability to find meaning in the ordinary and extraordinary moments of life.
A. It’s not a single destination but a continuous journey filled with love, loss, growth, and self-discovery.
B. This period of manual labor exposes him to the harsh realities of the working class.
C. It needs understanding shared goals and the ability to grow together.
D. For instance, when David is sent to work in a boot-blacking factory at a young age, it seems like the end of the world
E. However, it is a successful career that is the ultimate source of one’s life satisfaction.
F. In terms of career, David starts with humble beginnings as a clerk

展开更多......

收起↑