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中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
Unit 3 Growing Up 任务型阅读和选词填空 专题练
2025-2026学年下学期初中英语人教版（2024）八年级下册
一、任务型阅读
请阅读下面语篇，根据其内容回答问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。
Winter can make people feel bad. However, if you can learn to see things differently, you will love it.
Why can the darker months sometimes make people feel bad
During winter, the windy and cold weather makes you spend less time outside. If you don’t dress warmly, you will feel bad. Frances Trussell, who helps people with their mental (精神的) health, says, “If you describe a picture of a happy day, it would have a blue, sunny sky. So you might find darker winter days more difficult. ”
Some people have seasonal affective disorder (SAD季节性情感障碍) because of less sunshine in winter. This can make people feel sad and upset, but there are ways to become happy.
Learn From Other CountriesCountries in Northern Europe have even less sunshine than other countries in winter. However, Finland, Denmark and Iceland are three of the happiest countries in the world. People in these countries don’t wish winter to be lighter or warmer. They accept that it is dark and cold, and they know spring will come.
Frances Trussell, a mental health teacher Ideas From Some PeopleIt’s important for you to spend time with friends and family in winter months. You can play together and talk with each other happily. What’s more, too much screen time can make you feel bad. Painting, making cakes and DIY can be great ways to have fun.
To get through the cold and dark winter months, I enjoy having a movie night with a hot chocolate. I also like spending time with my family. My favorite part about winter is going for walks with my family. Although we have to wear big coats, hats, scarves and gloves, it’s really a happy time for us. Harrison, a 9-year-old student
You can’t change the weather, but you can make it more enjoyable. As Shelley’s poem says, “If winter comes, can spring be far behind ”
1．What makes people spend less time outside in winter
2．Why do some people have SAD
3．How do people from northern Europe feel about winter
4．What’s the common way of going through winter for Frances Trussell and Harrison
5．How do you like winter What will you do to make yourself happy in the winter holiday
阅读下面短文，根据短文内容回答问题或翻译画线部分。
An idol (偶像) is someone who we respect or love. However, unlike many of my classmates, my idol is not a movie star, a famous writer or a singer. My idol is my dad.
When I was only a five-year-old boy, I was seriously ill. My mother and father both worked. This was a big problem. My dad knew how much my mum loved her job, so he stopped working to stay at home and look after me. My dad always thinks about others before himself. This made me start to respect him.
My dad later took a job and worked at night. He chose the job so that he would only go out for work when I was sleeping. He helped and supported me in everything I did. I remember when I was learning to ride a bike, I felt so safe because I knew he was running behind to protect me.
My family is not rich, and we do not have a big house or an expensive car. But my dad tells me that something is more important than money. My dad gives me his time. Although he is very busy every day, he always makes time to stay with me. He teaches me we do not need money to make ourselves happy. So we usually make and fly kites, go for walks in the countryside, and even cook together. He also teaches me that I can achieve anything if I really work hard on it.
My dad is my idol because he shows me the most important things in life.
6．What happened when the writer was five years old
7．How did the writer feel when learning to ride a bike
8．What do the writer and his father usually do
9．Who is your idol Why
10．请将文中画线的句子翻译成中文。
阅读下面短文，然后在文后表格内完成内容摘要，每空不超过3个词。
Sometimes, teenagers don’t think their parents are fair to them. It is a new problem. When you want to dress in a modern way, your mum doesn’t like you wearing a mini skirt. When you are making phone calls to friends, they ask who you’re talking to. This makes teenagers unhappy. And of course, they become less patient.
Sometimes it seems that you’re not as close to your parents as before. How can you become close again Closing the Gap written by American writer Jay McGraw teaches teenagers how to have a better relationship with parents.
The book gives ways to help children have a better understanding of their parents. When you think "My parents don’t want me to have any fun", that usually means your parents want you to be safe. Both parents and children have needs. You should tell your parents your needs and find out what their needs are. Then you can think of a way to make all of you happy. The book gives you some ideas.
Make time to talk. You could talk about your school life and your plans for the future.
Keep a diary. This is to help you understand more about yourself and your feelings.
Show your parents you are growing up. Wash your own clothes and help around the house. Your parents will see you are no longer a small child.
If you follow these steps, you will break down the walls between your parents and yourself.
Teenagers’ 11 - Teenagers think parents are unfair. - Teenagers are 12 . - Teenagers are less close to their parents than before.
What is 13 - It is a book by Jay McGraw. - It teaches teenagers how to have a better relationship with parents.
What’s in the book - It helps teenagers understand parents better. - It tells teenagers that their parents want them to be safe. - It asks teenagers to tell parents 14 .
15 on how to make both happy - Make time to talk. - Keep a diary. - Show parents that you are growing up.
二、选词填空
选择合适的词，并用其适当形式填空。
possible something send worry many play until they month badly
你知道什么是“手机综合症”吗？读读下文了解下吧!
Li Xiang, a student in Grade 8, wishes he never got a mobile phone. Last week, he went to see a doctor because there was 16 wrong with his arms and fingers. The doctor told him that he had “mobile phone disease”. Now, 17 and more teenagers are getting “mobile phone disease” because of using mobile phones. Li Xiang got his mobile phone six 18 ago. He 19 messages to his friends with it all the time, even when going to bed. Li Xiang started to do 20 in exams because he spent too much time 21 mobile phone games. His mom felt very 22 about him,but he didn’t stop playing with the mobile phone 23 his arms got injured.Yang Ling, a doctor, says that if someone plays his mobile phone too much, like Li Xiang, he will get “mobile phone disease”. If teenagers find their arms or fingers hurt, they should go to see a doctor as soon as 24 . Yang says teenagers should try to use 25 mobile phones less, especially at home.
从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，每空限填一词，每词限用一次。
tell, wear, exercise, easy, if, upset, progress, you, lastly, power
A smile shows that a person is happy. For example, a person may smile when he or she is happy with some 26 in schoolwork. Or a person may smile if a friend 27 a joke. Besides, there are other good reasons to smile often.
Firstly, it is 28 to smile than to show unhappiness. It’s said that it only takes seventeen muscles (肌肉) to smile. However, it takes forty-three muscles to show unhappiness. So give the muscles in 29 face a rest and smile!
Secondly, smiles are nice. People may try to look nice by 30 or wearing nice clothes. However, people often say a smile is the best thing a person can 31 . Almost no one wants to stay with someone who is always unhappy.
Thirdly, smiles have 32 . A smile can quickly spread from one person to another. 33 one person smiles, people around them want to smile too. If a person is 34 , sharing a smile is the easiest way to cheer them up. 35 , smiling is good for the body. Try smiling, and you’ll find that it will be difficult to stay sad for long!
阅读下面短文，从方框中选择适当的单词并用其正确形式填空。
grow; challenge; as; wake; do; excite; quick; both; when; run
I had a dream last night: A lion was running after a sheep. The sheep was afraid and running for her life while the lion was 36 and focused on his next meal. When I 37 up, I had a question: Which animal is experiencing stress The answer is 38 .
Stress is a normal feeling for everyone. It happens when we face 39 , such as a test in school or an important game. However, do you know that stress can affect our bodies in different ways Just like a lion 40 after a sheep, both animals experience stress, but in different ways. The sheep feels fear while the lion feels focused and driven.
41 humans, we also experience stress in different ways. 42 we meet stressful situations, our bodies go into “fight or flight (逃跑)” mode (模式), freeing hormones (荷尔蒙) that make us feel nervous and ready to act 43 .
To control stress, we can change how we think about it. Instead of feeling afraid of it, we can think of stress as a chance 44 and learn. We can practise keeping open-minded in unexpected situations. By 45 this, we can deal with difficult situations in a healthy way.
参考答案
1．The windy and cold weather. 2．Because there is less sunshine in winter. 3．They accept that it is dark and cold, and know spring will come. 4．Spending time with their family. 5．I like winter because I can play in the snow. I will go skating with my friends to make myself happy. (答案合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了冬季让人情绪低落的原因（天气寒冷、日照减少导致SAD），并通过借鉴北欧国家的心态以及两位人士的具体建议，说明了如何通过调整心态、陪伴家人、发展兴趣爱好等方式，让冬天变得愉快起来。
1．根据第三段第一句“During winter, the windy and cold weather makes you spend less time outside.”可知，是多风和寒冷的天气让人们减少了户外活动时间。故填The windy and cold weather.
2．根据第四段第一句“Some people have seasonal affective disorder because of less sunshine in winter.”可知，一些人患上季节性情感障碍是因为冬季日照减少。故填Because there is less sunshine in winter.
3．根据“Learn From Other Countries”部分最后一句“They accept that it is dark and cold, and they know spring will come.”可知，北欧人民接受冬季的黑暗与寒冷，并知道春天终会到来。故填They accept that it is dark and cold, and know spring will come.
4．根据Frances Trussell的建议“It’s important for you to spend time with friends and family...”以及Harrison的分享“I also like spending time with my family.”可知，他们共同的度过冬季的方式是花时间与家人在一起。故填Spending time with their family.
5．本题为开放性问答，要求表达自己对冬天的看法以及在寒假中让自己快乐的方式。答案需观点明确，理由合理，语句通顺。示例表达了喜欢冬天并计划与朋友滑冰。故填I like winter because I can play in the snow. I will go skating with my friends to make myself happy. (答案合理即可)
6．He was seriously ill, and his father stopped working to stay at home and look after him. 7．He felt so safe. 8．They usually make and fly kites, go for walks in the countryside, and even cook together. 9．My idol is my mother. Because she is always hard-working and kind. She takes good care of our family and teaches me to be a responsible person. 10．但是我爸爸告诉我，有一些东西比金钱更重要。
【导语】本文主要讲述了作者以自己爸爸为偶像，阐述了爸爸在自己成长过程中的付出以及爸爸对自己的影响等相关内容。
6．第二段明确提到 “When I was only a five-year-old boy, I was seriously ill...so he stopped working to stay at home and look after me.” 这是原文中关于作者五岁时发生事情的具体信息，直接提取。
7．第三段明确提到 “I remember when I was learning to ride a bike, I felt so safe because I knew he was running behind to protect me.” 这是作者学骑自行车时的感受，直接提取。
8．第四段明确指出 “So we usually make and fly kites, go for walks in the countryside, and even cook together.” 这是原文中关于作者和父亲经常做的事的具体信息，直接提取。
9．第五段开头直接给出了部分人对于偶像选择的常规思路，本题是开放性试题，答案不唯一，结合文章内容中爸爸对自己的影响以及自己对偶像的看法、理由，合理作答即可，
10．But“但是”；my dad“我爸爸”；tells me“告诉我”；that something is more important than money“有一些东西比金钱更重要”。
11．problems 12．unhappy and impatient 13．Closing the Gap 14．their needs 15．Tips/Ideas/Advice/Suggestions
【导语】本文介绍了青少年与父母之间常见的矛盾，并推荐了Jay McGraw的《Closing the Gap》一书。该书旨在帮助青少年理解父母行为背后的关爱，建议青少年主动沟通需求，并通过具体方法来改善与父母的关系，打破隔阂。
11．第一段指出：“Sometimes, teenagers don’t think their parents are fair to them. It is a new problem.”，后面列举了青少年认为父母不公平、不耐心、与父母关系不如以前亲密等问题，这些都是青少年面临的问题，所以此处填“problems”。
12．第一段指出：“This makes teenagers unhappy. And of course, they become less patient.”，直接表明青少年变得不开心和不那么有耐心了，less patient即impatient，所以此处填“unhappy and impatient”。
13．第二段指出：“Closing the Gap written by American writer Jay McGraw teaches teenagers how to have a better relationship with parents.”，此句明确说明《Closing the Gap》这本书教青少年如何与父母建立更好的关系，所以问是什么的时候，答案就是这本书名，填“Closing the Gap”。
14．第三段指出：“Both parents and children have needs. You should tell your parents your needs and find out what their needs are.”，文中提到父母和孩子都有需求，青少年应该告诉父母自己的需求并了解父母的需求，所以此处填“their needs”，表示告诉父母他们的需求。
15．文章最后一部分列举了“Make time to talk.”“Keep a diary.”“Show parents that you are growing up.”等内容，这些都是让父母和孩子都开心的想法/建议。所以此处可以填“Tips/Ideas/Advice/Suggestions”。
16．something 17．more 18．months 19．sent 20．badly 21．playing 22．worried 23．until 24．possible 25．their
【导语】本文通过八年级学生李翔的案例，介绍了“手机综合症”的成因与危害，并给出医生建议，提醒青少年应减少手机使用。
16．句意： 上周，他去看医生，因为他的胳膊和手指有点不舒服。固定句型there is something wrong with...表示“……有点问题/不舒服”，符合语境。
17．句意： 现在，越来越多的青少年因为使用手机患上了“手机综合症”。固定结构more and more表示“越来越多的”，符合语境。
18．句意： 李翔六个月前得到了他的手机。six后接可数名词复数，month的复数形式为months，表示“六个月”，符合语境。
19．句意： 他一直用手机给朋友发信息，甚至睡觉前也发。本段描述过去发生的事，时态为一般过去时，send的过去式为sent，构成短语sent messages“发信息”。
20．句意： 李翔开始在考试中表现很差，因为他花太多时间玩手机游戏。do badly in exams表示“考试表现差”，副词badly修饰动词do，符合语境。
21．句意： 他花太多时间玩手机游戏。固定搭配spend time doing sth.表示“花费时间做某事”，play的动名词形式为playing。
22．句意： 他的妈妈很担心他。固定短语feel worried about表示“为……担心”，形容词worried作表语，符合语境。
23．句意： 但他直到胳膊受伤才停止玩手机。固定结构not...until... 表示“直到……才……”，符合语境。
24．句意： 如果青少年发现胳膊或手指疼，应该尽快去看医生。固定短语as soon as possible表示“尽快”，符合语境。
25．句意： 杨医生说青少年应该尽量少用他们的手机，尤其是在家。形容词性物主代词their修饰名词mobile phones，指代“青少年的手机”，符合语境。
26．progress 27．tells 28．easier 29．your 30．exercising 31．wear 32．power 33．If 34．upset 35．Lastly
【导语】本文介绍了微笑的诸多益处，包括比不快乐更轻松、让人更显美好、具有感染力以及有益身心健康，鼓励人们多微笑。
26．句意：例如，当一个人对学业上的某些进步感到满意时，他或她可能会微笑。“some...in schoolwork”表示“学业上的某些进步”，需用名词作宾语。选项“progress”符合语义，表示“进步”。
27．句意：或者当朋友讲笑话时，一个人也可能会微笑。“if a friend...a joke”表示“如果朋友讲笑话”，tell a joke表示“讲笑话”，条件状语从句中主语是第三人称单数，一般现在时谓语用三单形式tells。
28．句意：首先，微笑比表现出不快乐更容易。“it is...to smile than to show unhappiness”表示“微笑比表现出不快乐更……”，需用形容词比较级作表语。选项“easy”的比较级“easier”符合语法，表示“更容易的”。
29．句意：所以让你脸上的肌肉休息一下，微笑吧！“the muscles in...face”表示“你脸上的肌肉”，需用形容词性物主代词修饰名词。选项“you”的形容词性物主代词“your”符合语法。
30．句意：人们可能试图通过运动或穿漂亮衣服来让自己看起来好看。“by...or wearing nice clothes”表示“通过运动或穿漂亮衣服”，需用动名词与“wearing”并列作介词宾语。选项“exercise”的动名词“exercising”符合语法。
31．句意：然而，人们常说微笑是一个人能展现的最好的事物。“the best thing a person can...”表示“一个人能……的最好的东西”，情态动词can后接动词原形，结合上文穿漂亮衣服的语境，微笑是一个人能展现的最好的事物，此处指“展现”微笑，wear符合语境。
32．句意：第三，微笑具有感染力。“smiles have...”表示“微笑具有……”，需用名词作宾语。选项“power”符合语义，表示“力量、感染力”。
33．句意：如果一个人微笑，周围的人也会想微笑。“...one person smiles”表示“如果一个人微笑”，需用连词引导条件状语从句。选项“if”符合语义，表示“如果”，句首首字母大写。
34．句意：如果一个人感到沮丧，分享一个微笑是让他们振作起来的最简单方法。“if a person is...”表示“如果一个人感到沮丧”，需用形容词作表语描述情绪状态。选项“upset”符合语义，表示“沮丧的、难过的”。
35．句意：最后，微笑对身体有益。“..., smiling is good for the body”表示“最后，微笑对身体有益”，需用副词或连词引出最后一点。选项“lastly”符合语义，表示“最后”，用于列举结尾，句首首字母大写。
36．excited 37．woke 38．both 39．challenges 40．running 41．As 42．When 43．quickly 44．to grow 45．doing
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，作者通过梦境比喻压力，强调压力对不同个体的影响不同。
36．句意：绵羊惊恐地拼命逃跑，而狮子则兴奋不已，全神贯注地等待着它的下一顿美餐。根据下文“focused on his next meal”可知，狮子将绵羊视为下一顿美餐，所以狮子是“兴奋的”，所以用excite的形容词形式excited（感到兴奋的）。故填excited。
37．句意：当我醒来时，我产生了这样一个疑问：哪一种动物正处于压力状态呢？答案是两者皆有。根据上文“I had a dream last night”可知，作者做了一个梦，醒来后就压力这一现象进行了思考。wake up为动词短语，意为“醒来”，此处描述的是过去发生的事，动词wake应用过去式。故填woke。
38．句意：当我醒来时，我产生了这样一个疑问：哪一种动物正处于压力状态呢？答案是两者皆有。根据下文“Just like a lion running after a sheep, both animals experience stress, but in different ways”可知，作者认为两种动物都在经历压力。故填both。
39．句意：当我们要面对挑战时，比如在学校参加考试或者参加一场重要的比赛，就会产生压力。根据下文“such as a test in school or an important game”可知，在学校参加考试或者参加一场重要的比赛会面临挑战，名词challenge应用复数形式表泛指。故填challenges。
40．句意：就像狮子追逐绵羊一样，这两种动物都会经历压力，但方式却各不相同。根据上文“A lion was running after a sheep”可知，此处描述的是狮子追逐绵羊，run after意为“追逐”，位于介词“like”之后，故动词run应用ing形式。故填running。
41．句意：作为人类，我们也会以不同的方式体验压力。根据上文“Just like a lion running after a sheep, both animals experience stress, but in different ways”可知，动物会以不同的方式体验压力，而作为人类，我们也会以不同的方式体验压力。as是介词，表示“作为”，位于句首首字母应大写。故填As。
42．句意：当遇到压力情境时，我们的身体会进入“战斗或逃跑”模式，释放出一些荷尔蒙，使我们感到紧张并做好迅速行动的准备。根据下文“our bodies go into ‘fight or flight (逃跑)’ mode (模式)”可知，此处是在说当遇到压力情境时人类身体的反应。when作连词，意为“当……时”，位于句首首字母应大写。故填When。
43．句意：当遇到压力情境时，我们的身体会进入“战斗或逃跑”模式，释放出一些荷尔蒙，使我们感到紧张并做好迅速行动的准备。根据上文“freeing hormones (荷尔蒙)”可知，释放出一些荷尔蒙会让我们做好迅速行动的准备。quickly作副词，意为“迅速地”，符合句意，故填quickly。
44．句意：不要害怕它，而是将其视为一个成长和学习的机会。根据上文“Instead of feeling afraid of it”可知，作者建议不要害怕压力，而应将其视为一个成长和学习的机会。a chance to grow意为“成长的机会”，故填to grow。
45．句意：通过这样做，我们就能以健康的方式应对困难的局面。根据上文“We can practise keeping open-minded in unexpected situations”可知，上文提到了在意外状况中练习保持开放心态的做法，此处说通过做这件事，我们就能以健康的方式应对困难的局面。动词do位于介词“by”之后，故do应用ing形式。故填doing。
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