资源简介

《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 4 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：限制性定语从句（关系副词 where, when, why 及“介词 + 关系代词”结构）。在上一单元学习关系代词的基础上，本单元重点掌握关系副词在定语从句中作状语的用法，以及如何正确使用“介词+关系代词”结构来引导定语从句。
语法知识讲解
引导词 先行词与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
when 先行词：表示时间的名词（如day, year, time, moment等） 成分：在从句中作时间状语。 【注意】替换原则：when 相当于“表示时间的介词 (in/on/at/during等) + which”。 【易错点】若时间名词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则不能用when，必须用which或that。 1. I will never forget the day when (= on which) the earthquake happened.
（我永远不会忘记地震发生的那一天。——作时间状语） 2. I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in the rescue camp.
（我永远不会忘记我们在救援营地一起度过的那些日子。——作宾语，不能用when）
where 先行词：表示地点的名词（如place, city, shelter, house等） 成分：在从句中作地点状语。 【拓展】抽象地点名词：当先行词是 situation, point, stage, case, condition 等抽象概念，且在从句中作状语时，习惯上用 where 引导。 【注意】替换原则：where 相当于“表示地点的介词 (in/at/on等) + which”。 1. The shelter where (= in which) the victims stayed provided them with food and water.
（受灾者居住的避难所为他们提供了食物和水。——作地点状语） 2. The rescue work has reached a point where a change must be made.
（救援工作已经到了必须做出改变的地步。——抽象地点名词）
why 先行词：通常为 reason 成分：在从句中作原因状语。 【注意】替换原则：why 相当于 for which。 【易错点】若 reason 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，依然要用 which 或 that。 1. The reason why (= for which) he survived the disaster was his rich survival experience.
（他在灾难中幸存下来的原因是他的求生经验丰富。——作原因状语） 2. The reason that/which he explained to the police was unacceptable.
（他向警察解释的理由是不可接受的。——作宾语，不能用why）
介词 + 关系代词 先行词：人或物 构成：介词 + which (指物) / whom (指人) 【规则变化】介词的选择依据： 1. 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来选择介词； 2. 根据先行词的习惯搭配来选择介词； 3. 根据句意逻辑关系来选择。 1. The ruined building in which the boy was trapped has been rebuilt.
（那个男孩被困其中的废墟大楼已经被重建了。——与先行词building搭配：in the building） 2. The rescue workers to whom we owe our lives are true heroes.
（那些我们把生命归功于他们的救援人员是真正的英雄。——动词固定搭配：owe sth to sb）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. I will never forget the terrifying day ______ the massive earthquake hit the coastal city.
A. when B. which C. where D. why
2. The rescue team safely brought out the little girl from the ruined building ______ she was trapped.
A. in which B. that C. when D. why
3. The natural environment has reached a critical point ______ a change must be made to protect the earth.
A. which B. when C. where D. why
4. The reason ______ the flood caused such severe damage was the sudden heavy rain in the mountains.
A. that B. why C. which D. where
5. The brave soldiers, ______ we owe our lives and safety, are fighting against the flood on the frontline.
A. for whom B. to whom C. with who D. on which
6. October 1 is the memorable day ______ we celebrate the foundation of our great country.
A. on when B. on which C. in which D. which
7. Do you know the exact time ______ the typhoon will arrive at our city
A. when B. where C. which D. why
8. There are many dangerous situations ______ we can use this basic survival skill.
A. where B. which C. when D. why
9. The shelter ______ the victims were moved provided them with warm food and medical care.
A. to which B. in where C. at which D. on which
10. Can you explain the reason ______ you didn't evacuate immediately when the warning was given
A. for which B. to which C. on which D. with which
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes are terrible natural 1.__________ (disaster). I will never forget the day 2.__________ the earthquake happened in my hometown. I was reading a book 3.__________ (quiet) in the classroom. Suddenly, the building in 4.__________ we were having our class shook violently. We were completely 5.__________ (frighten), but our teacher told us to stay calm and hide under the desks.
Soon after the earthquake stopped, rescue workers arrived at the place 6.__________ we were trapped. The reason 7.__________ they came so quickly was that the local government had a well-organized emergency plan. They successfully brought out the people 8.__________ (bury) in the ruins. Later, we were sent to a safe shelter 9.__________ we received food, water and medical care. We were deeply moved 10.__________ their brave actions and determined to rebuild our hometown.《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 5 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：宾语从句，并重点要求掌握宾语从句与定语从句的区别。在复合句中，充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句通常跟在及物动词、介词或某些表示情感的形容词之后。
语法知识讲解
语法点 引导词及用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
由 that 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由陈述句充当，且意义完整时，用 that 引导。 that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常可省略。 【注意】不可省略 that 的情况： 1. 当有多个 that 引导的宾语从句并列时，除了第一个 that，其余的 that 均不可省略。 2. 当 that 从句作介词的宾语时（极其少见，如 in that, except that），that 不可省。 1. He said (that) the Chinese writing system has a long history.
（他说汉字书写系统历史悠久。） 2. I know (that) he is an exchange student and that he comes from the UK.
（我知道他是一名交换生，而且他来自英国。——第二个that不可省）
由 if / whether 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当，表示“是否”的含义时，用 if 或 whether 引导。 两者在从句中均不充当句子成分，但有实际意义。 【易错点】只能用 whether 的情况： 1. 与 or not 连用时（whether or not）； 2. 在介词后面作宾语时； 3. 后面紧跟动词不定式时（whether to do）； 4. 引导主语从句、表语从句时。 1. The teacher asked me if / whether I had finished the reading task.
（老师问我是否完成了阅读任务。） 2. We are talking about whether we should join the Chinese calligraphy club.
（我们正在讨论是否应该加入中国书法俱乐部。——介词about后只能用whether）
由疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当，包含疑问代词（what, who, which, whose）或疑问副词（when, where, why, how）时使用。 引导词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，且不能省略。 【规则变化】陈述句语序： 所有的宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。千万不能使用疑问句语序（如将be动词或助动词提前）。 1. Can you tell me how Chinese characters have changed over time
（你能告诉我汉字是如何随着时间演变的吗？——陈述句语序） 2. I don't understand what you mean by "pants" in British English.
（我不明白在英式英语中“pants”是什么意思。——what作mean的宾语）
宾语从句与定语从句的区别 宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词后，相当于名词，作宾语。 定语从句：位于名词或代词（先行词）后，相当于形容词，修饰该名词或代词。 【辨析要点】：判断的关键在于看引导词前面的词的词性。 如果前面是动词/介词，一般为宾语从句；如果前面是名词/代词，一般为定语从句。 1. The book introduces how Chinese characters developed.
（这本书介绍了汉字是如何发展的。——宾语从句，introduces是动词） 2. I will never forget the day when we first met.
（我永远不会忘记我们初次见面的那一天。——定语从句，the day是名词）
时态呼应原则 主句时态决定从句时态： 1. 主句是现在时或将来时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态； 2. 主句是过去时，从句必须使用相应的过去某种时态。 【特例】客观真理： 当宾语从句表达的是客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都必须使用一般现在时。 1. She said that she would study German next year.
（她说她明年将学习德语。——主句过去时，从句过去将来时） 2. The scientist proved that the earth travels around the sun.
（这位科学家证明了地球绕着太阳转。——客观真理，从句一般现在时）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The international students are wondering ______ they can learn Chinese calligraphy well.
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
2. Do you know the reason ______ he didn't attend the English lecture yesterday
A. why B. that C. what D. whether
3. The teacher asked me ______ I had finished reading the famous Chinese classic.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
4. Could you please tell me ______ the Chinese writing system developed over time
A. when B. where C. how D. what
5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth ______ around the sun.
A. travels B. traveled C. travel D. traveling
6. I don't understand ______ you mean by the word "pants" in British English.
A. that B. what C. which D. how
7. This is the very dictionary ______ I am looking for to check the new vocabulary.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
8. Everyone knows ______ China has a rich and colourful history.
A. which B. that C. what D. why
9. We are talking about ______ we should join the volunteer club this weekend.
A. if B. whether C. that D. why
10. I will never forget the days ______ we spent together exploring the rainforest.
A. when B. that C. where D. how
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Learning a foreign language is a rewarding experience. As a high school student, I find 1.__________ (it) interesting to explore different cultures through languages. Last week, our teacher told us 2.__________ the Chinese writing system dates back several thousand years. We wanted to know 3.__________ ancient people carved symbols on animal bones and turtle shells. The teacher asked if we 4.__________ (be) interested in Chinese calligraphy and we all said yes.
Nowadays, an increasing number of international students are curious about 5.__________ they can master Chinese well. A foreign friend of mine asked me 6.__________ the best way to learn Chinese was. I told him that he should practise 7.__________ (regular). Besides, 8.__________ (read) Chinese classics is also of great 9.__________ (important). He agreed with me and said he would try his best 10.__________ (improve) his Chinese.《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 5 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：宾语从句，并重点要求掌握宾语从句与定语从句的区别。在复合句中，充当宾语的句子称为宾语从句。宾语从句通常跟在及物动词、介词或某些表示情感的形容词之后。
语法知识讲解
语法点 引导词及用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
由 that 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由陈述句充当，且意义完整时，用 that 引导。 that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有实际意义，口语或非正式文体中常可省略。 【注意】不可省略 that 的情况： 1. 当有多个 that 引导的宾语从句并列时，除了第一个 that，其余的 that 均不可省略。 2. 当 that 从句作介词的宾语时（极其少见，如 in that, except that），that 不可省。 1. He said (that) the Chinese writing system has a long history.
（他说汉字书写系统历史悠久。） 2. I know (that) he is an exchange student and that he comes from the UK.
（我知道他是一名交换生，而且他来自英国。——第二个that不可省）
由 if / whether 引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由一般疑问句充当，表示“是否”的含义时，用 if 或 whether 引导。 两者在从句中均不充当句子成分，但有实际意义。 【易错点】只能用 whether 的情况： 1. 与 or not 连用时（whether or not）； 2. 在介词后面作宾语时； 3. 后面紧跟动词不定式时（whether to do）； 4. 引导主语从句、表语从句时。 1. The teacher asked me if / whether I had finished the reading task.
（老师问我是否完成了阅读任务。） 2. We are talking about whether we should join the Chinese calligraphy club.
（我们正在讨论是否应该加入中国书法俱乐部。——介词about后只能用whether）
由疑问词引导的宾语从句 当宾语从句由特殊疑问句充当，包含疑问代词（what, who, which, whose）或疑问副词（when, where, why, how）时使用。 引导词在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语或状语，且不能省略。 【规则变化】陈述句语序： 所有的宾语从句必须使用陈述句语序，即“引导词 + 主语 + 谓语”。千万不能使用疑问句语序（如将be动词或助动词提前）。 1. Can you tell me how Chinese characters have changed over time
（你能告诉我汉字是如何随着时间演变的吗？——陈述句语序） 2. I don't understand what you mean by "pants" in British English.
（我不明白在英式英语中“pants”是什么意思。——what作mean的宾语）
宾语从句与定语从句的区别 宾语从句：位于及物动词或介词后，相当于名词，作宾语。 定语从句：位于名词或代词（先行词）后，相当于形容词，修饰该名词或代词。 【辨析要点】：判断的关键在于看引导词前面的词的词性。 如果前面是动词/介词，一般为宾语从句；如果前面是名词/代词，一般为定语从句。 1. The book introduces how Chinese characters developed.
（这本书介绍了汉字是如何发展的。——宾语从句，introduces是动词） 2. I will never forget the day when we first met.
（我永远不会忘记我们初次见面的那一天。——定语从句，the day是名词）
时态呼应原则 主句时态决定从句时态： 1. 主句是现在时或将来时，从句根据实际情况使用任何时态； 2. 主句是过去时，从句必须使用相应的过去某种时态。 【特例】客观真理： 当宾语从句表达的是客观事实、普遍真理或自然现象时，无论主句是什么时态，从句都必须使用一般现在时。 1. She said that she would study German next year.
（她说她明年将学习德语。——主句过去时，从句过去将来时） 2. The scientist proved that the earth travels around the sun.
（这位科学家证明了地球绕着太阳转。——客观真理，从句一般现在时）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The international students are wondering ______ they can learn Chinese calligraphy well.
A. that B. whether C. what D. which
2. Do you know the reason ______ he didn't attend the English lecture yesterday
A. why B. that C. what D. whether
3. The teacher asked me ______ I had finished reading the famous Chinese classic.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
4. Could you please tell me ______ the Chinese writing system developed over time
A. when B. where C. how D. what
5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth ______ around the sun.
A. travels B. traveled C. travel D. traveling
6. I don't understand ______ you mean by the word "pants" in British English.
A. that B. what C. which D. how
7. This is the very dictionary ______ I am looking for to check the new vocabulary.
A. what B. that C. which D. who
8. Everyone knows ______ China has a rich and colourful history.
A. which B. that C. what D. why
9. We are talking about ______ we should join the volunteer club this weekend.
A. if B. whether C. that D. why
10. I will never forget the days ______ we spent together exploring the rainforest.
A. when B. that C. where D. how
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Learning a foreign language is a rewarding experience. As a high school student, I find 1.__________ (it) interesting to explore different cultures through languages. Last week, our teacher told us 2.__________ the Chinese writing system dates back several thousand years. We wanted to know 3.__________ ancient people carved symbols on animal bones and turtle shells. The teacher asked if we 4.__________ (be) interested in Chinese calligraphy and we all said yes.
Nowadays, an increasing number of international students are curious about 5.__________ they can master Chinese well. A foreign friend of mine asked me 6.__________ the best way to learn Chinese was. I told him that he should practise 7.__________ (regular). Besides, 8.__________ (read) Chinese classics is also of great 9.__________ (important). He agreed with me and said he would try his best 10.__________ (improve) his Chinese.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。wonder意为“想知道”，后面接表示“是否”的宾语从句，应用whether或if。故选B。
2. A 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词为the reason（名词），从句中缺原因状语，用关系副词why引导定语从句。此题用于对比定语从句与宾语从句。故选A。
3. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。ask后面接表示“是否”的宾语从句，用if或whether。故选B。
4. C 【解析】考查宾语从句。tell的直接宾语是由how引导的宾语从句，表示“汉字是如何随着时间演变的”。故选C。
5. A 【解析】考查宾语从句的时态呼应。虽然主句谓语told是过去时，但“地球绕着太阳转”是客观真理，从句必须用一般现在时。故选A。
6. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。从句中mean后面缺少宾语，表示“什么意思”，应用what引导宾语从句。故选B。
7. B 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词dictionary前有the very修饰，关系代词只能用that。故选B。
8. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。从句句意完整，不缺任何成分，用that引导且无实际意义。故选B。
9. B 【解析】考查宾语从句。介词about后面接宾语从句，表示“是否”时只能用whether，不能用if。故选B。
10. B 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词the days在定语从句中作spent的宾语，应用that或which引导，且可省略，不能用when（状语）。故选B。
二、语法填空
1. it 【解析】考查代词。find it + adj. + to do sth. 结构中，it作形式宾语，真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。
2. that 【解析】考查宾语从句。从句“the Chinese writing system dates back...”句意和成分均完整，需填that引导宾语从句。
3. why/how 【解析】考查宾语从句。表示想知道古人“为什么”或“如何”在兽骨和龟甲上刻符号。填why或how均可。
4. were 【解析】考查时态呼应。主句动词asked为过去时，且根据语境描述过去发生的事，从句应用一般过去时。主语是we，故填were。
5. how/whether 【解析】考查宾语从句。介词about后接宾语从句，表达留学生对“如何能掌握好中文”或“是否能掌握好中文”感到好奇。注意介词后表示“是否”只能用whether，不可用if。
6. what 【解析】考查宾语从句。引导词在从句中作表语，表示“最好的方法是什么”，填what。
7. regularly 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词practise，需用副词形式regularly（有规律地，定期地）。
8. reading 【解析】考查非谓语动词。在句中作主语，需用动名词形式reading。
9. importance 【解析】考查名词。of great + 名词 相当于相应的形容词，of great importance 意为“非常重要的”。
10. to improve 【解析】考查非谓语动词。try one's best to do sth. 意为“尽某人最大努力做某事”，需填动词不定式。《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 4 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：限制性定语从句（关系副词 where, when, why 及“介词 + 关系代词”结构）。在上一单元学习关系代词的基础上，本单元重点掌握关系副词在定语从句中作状语的用法，以及如何正确使用“介词+关系代词”结构来引导定语从句。
语法知识讲解
引导词 先行词与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
when 先行词：表示时间的名词（如day, year, time, moment等） 成分：在从句中作时间状语。 【注意】替换原则：when 相当于“表示时间的介词 (in/on/at/during等) + which”。 【易错点】若时间名词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则不能用when，必须用which或that。 1. I will never forget the day when (= on which) the earthquake happened.
（我永远不会忘记地震发生的那一天。——作时间状语） 2. I will never forget the days which/that we spent together in the rescue camp.
（我永远不会忘记我们在救援营地一起度过的那些日子。——作宾语，不能用when）
where 先行词：表示地点的名词（如place, city, shelter, house等） 成分：在从句中作地点状语。 【拓展】抽象地点名词：当先行词是 situation, point, stage, case, condition 等抽象概念，且在从句中作状语时，习惯上用 where 引导。 【注意】替换原则：where 相当于“表示地点的介词 (in/at/on等) + which”。 1. The shelter where (= in which) the victims stayed provided them with food and water.
（受灾者居住的避难所为他们提供了食物和水。——作地点状语） 2. The rescue work has reached a point where a change must be made.
（救援工作已经到了必须做出改变的地步。——抽象地点名词）
why 先行词：通常为 reason 成分：在从句中作原因状语。 【注意】替换原则：why 相当于 for which。 【易错点】若 reason 在定语从句中作主语或宾语，依然要用 which 或 that。 1. The reason why (= for which) he survived the disaster was his rich survival experience.
（他在灾难中幸存下来的原因是他的求生经验丰富。——作原因状语） 2. The reason that/which he explained to the police was unacceptable.
（他向警察解释的理由是不可接受的。——作宾语，不能用why）
介词 + 关系代词 先行词：人或物 构成：介词 + which (指物) / whom (指人) 【规则变化】介词的选择依据： 1. 根据定语从句中谓语动词的习惯搭配来选择介词； 2. 根据先行词的习惯搭配来选择介词； 3. 根据句意逻辑关系来选择。 1. The ruined building in which the boy was trapped has been rebuilt.
（那个男孩被困其中的废墟大楼已经被重建了。——与先行词building搭配：in the building） 2. The rescue workers to whom we owe our lives are true heroes.
（那些我们把生命归功于他们的救援人员是真正的英雄。——动词固定搭配：owe sth to sb）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. I will never forget the terrifying day ______ the massive earthquake hit the coastal city.
A. when B. which C. where D. why
2. The rescue team safely brought out the little girl from the ruined building ______ she was trapped.
A. in which B. that C. when D. why
3. The natural environment has reached a critical point ______ a change must be made to protect the earth.
A. which B. when C. where D. why
4. The reason ______ the flood caused such severe damage was the sudden heavy rain in the mountains.
A. that B. why C. which D. where
5. The brave soldiers, ______ we owe our lives and safety, are fighting against the flood on the frontline.
A. for whom B. to whom C. with who D. on which
6. October 1 is the memorable day ______ we celebrate the foundation of our great country.
A. on when B. on which C. in which D. which
7. Do you know the exact time ______ the typhoon will arrive at our city
A. when B. where C. which D. why
8. There are many dangerous situations ______ we can use this basic survival skill.
A. where B. which C. when D. why
9. The shelter ______ the victims were moved provided them with warm food and medical care.
A. to which B. in where C. at which D. on which
10. Can you explain the reason ______ you didn't evacuate immediately when the warning was given
A. for which B. to which C. on which D. with which
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Earthquakes are terrible natural 1.__________ (disaster). I will never forget the day 2.__________ the earthquake happened in my hometown. I was reading a book 3.__________ (quiet) in the classroom. Suddenly, the building in 4.__________ we were having our class shook violently. We were completely 5.__________ (frighten), but our teacher told us to stay calm and hide under the desks.
Soon after the earthquake stopped, rescue workers arrived at the place 6.__________ we were trapped. The reason 7.__________ they came so quickly was that the local government had a well-organized emergency plan. They successfully brought out the people 8.__________ (bury) in the ruins. Later, we were sent to a safe shelter 9.__________ we received food, water and medical care. We were deeply moved 10.__________ their brave actions and determined to rebuild our hometown.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. A 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词是表示时间的名词the day，且在从句中作时间状语（the earthquake hit the city on that day），应用关系副词when。
2. A 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是the ruined building（物），在从句中作地点状语，且介词提前，相当于“she was trapped in the building”，故选in which。
3. C 【解析】考查关系副词（抽象地点）。先行词是a critical point（关键地步，属于抽象地点名词），在定语从句中作地点状语，习惯上使用关系副词where引导。
4. B 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词是The reason，在从句中作原因状语（the flood caused damage for the reason），应用关系副词why。
5. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是The brave soldiers（人），从句谓语动词owe有固定搭配owe sth to sb（把……归功于某人），介词to提前，指人使用whom，故选to whom。
6. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是the day，在从句中作时间状语，表示“在具体某一天”介词用on，故用on which，相当于when。
7. A 【解析】考查关系副词。先行词是the exact time，在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。
8. A 【解析】考查关系副词（抽象地点）。先行词是situations（情形，属于抽象地点名词），在从句中作地点状语（use the skill in the situations），应用关系副词where。
9. A 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是The shelter（物），从句中动词被动语态were moved后接地点应加介词to（被转移到避难所），故用to which。
10. A 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是the reason，作原因状语时对应的介词是for，for which等同于关系副词why。
二、语法填空
1. disasters 【解析】考查名词复数。earthquakes为复数，这里泛指“自然灾害”，需用可数名词的复数形式。
2. when 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the day（时间名词），在定语从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。
3. quietly 【解析】考查副词。修饰谓语动词was reading，需用副词形式quietly作状语。
4. which 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the building（物），由于介词in已提前，介词后指物只能用关系代词which。
5. frightened 【解析】考查形容词。修饰人(We)，意为“感到害怕的/受惊吓的”，需用-ed形式的形容词作表语。
6. where 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the place（地点名词），在定语从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
7. why 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是The reason，在定语从句中作原因状语，应用关系副词why。
8. buried 【解析】考查非谓语动词。the people与bury（埋葬）之间是被动关系，应用过去分词作后置定语，相当于who were buried。
9. where 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是a safe shelter（地点名词），在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。
10. by 【解析】考查介词。be moved by... 是固定搭配，意为“被……所感动”。《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 3 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：限制性定语从句（关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose）。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就不完整或不明确。
语法知识讲解
关系代词 先行词与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
who / whom 先行词：人 成分：
who 作主语或宾语；
whom 作宾语（正式用法）。 【注意】省略原则：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。 【易错点】主谓一致：当 who 在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 1. The coach who leads the team is Lang Ping.
（带领队伍的那位教练是郎平。——who作主语） 2. The athlete (whom/who) we all admire is Michael Jordan.
（我们都钦佩的那位运动员是迈克尔·乔丹。——whom/who作宾语，可省略）
whose 先行词：人或物 成分：作定语，表示所属关系（“……的”）。 【拓展】替换形式：当先行词是“物”时，whose + 名词 相当于 the + 名词 + of which。 【注意】whose 后面必须紧跟它所修饰的名词，不能单独使用。 1. We know a student whose favourite sport is basketball.
（我们认识一个最喜欢的运动是篮球的学生。——修饰人） 2. They live in a house whose roof is broken.
（他们住在一个屋顶破了的房子里。——修饰物）
which 先行词：物 成分：作主语或宾语。 【注意】在限制性定语从句中，指物时，一般情况下 which 和 that 可以互换，作宾语时均可省略。 【规则变化】介词后置：当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提前到关系代词之前时，指物只能用 which，不能用 that。 1. The sports event which will be held next week is a marathon.
（下周将举行的体育赛事是马拉松。——作主语） 2. The book for which you are looking is on the desk.
（你正在找的那本书在桌子上。——介词for之后只能用which）
that 先行词：人或物 成分：作主语、宾语或表语。 【规则变化】只能用 that 的情况： 1. 先行词为不定代词（all, much, everything, nothing等）时； 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时； 3. 先行词被 the very, the only, the same 修饰时； 4. 先行词既有人又有物时。 1. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.
（郎平所组建的那支队伍当时正分崩离析。——作宾语，可省略） 2. This is the most exciting match that I have ever watched.
（这是我看过的最激动人心的比赛。——先行词被最高级修饰，只能用that） 3. They talked about the players and the games that interested them.
（他们谈论了令他们感兴趣的球员和比赛。——先行词既有人又有物）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The coach ______ led the China women's volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil is Lang Ping.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
2. The team ______ Lang Ping had built was falling apart at that time.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
3. Is there anything ______ you don't understand about the rules of basketball
A. which B. what C. that D. who
4. He is the very athlete ______ I want to interview for our sports club.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
5. Look at the children and their dogs ______ are running on the playground.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
6. Do you know the boy ______ father is a famous table tennis player
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
7. The gold medal ______ she won in the competition belongs to her country.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
8. This is the best fitness centre ______ I have ever visited in this city.
A. which B. that C. where D. what
9. The students are talking about the sports events in ______ they will take part next week.
A. that B. which C. whom D. where
10. Anyone ______ has a passion for sports is welcome to join our wellness club.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Ping is a living legend 1.__________ has brought honour and glory to her country. When the team 2.__________ she built was falling apart, her determination was tested. One of the best players 3.__________ we all liked had been injured. Losing two important players was a big challenge, 4.__________ (real) difficult for the team. But she did not lose heart.
She knew that her young players could win if they worked together 5.__________ a team. She is an excellent coach 6.__________ qualities inspire us. Two weeks 7.__________ (late), they were world champions. The gold medal 8.__________ they won in the Olympics proved her ability. Now, an increasing number of young people 9.__________ love sports are learning from her. They do exercise 10.__________ (regular) to keep fit and strong.《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 3 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：限制性定语从句（关系代词 that, which, who, whom, whose）。在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句称为定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。限制性定语从句与先行词关系密切，是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就不完整或不明确。
语法知识讲解
关系代词 先行词与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
who / whom 先行词：人 成分：
who 作主语或宾语；
whom 作宾语（正式用法）。 【注意】省略原则：关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。 【易错点】主谓一致：当 who 在从句中作主语时，谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 1. The coach who leads the team is Lang Ping.
（带领队伍的那位教练是郎平。——who作主语） 2. The athlete (whom/who) we all admire is Michael Jordan.
（我们都钦佩的那位运动员是迈克尔·乔丹。——whom/who作宾语，可省略）
whose 先行词：人或物 成分：作定语，表示所属关系（“……的”）。 【拓展】替换形式：当先行词是“物”时，whose + 名词 相当于 the + 名词 + of which。 【注意】whose 后面必须紧跟它所修饰的名词，不能单独使用。 1. We know a student whose favourite sport is basketball.
（我们认识一个最喜欢的运动是篮球的学生。——修饰人） 2. They live in a house whose roof is broken.
（他们住在一个屋顶破了的房子里。——修饰物）
which 先行词：物 成分：作主语或宾语。 【注意】在限制性定语从句中，指物时，一般情况下 which 和 that 可以互换，作宾语时均可省略。 【规则变化】介词后置：当关系代词在从句中作介词的宾语，且介词提前到关系代词之前时，指物只能用 which，不能用 that。 1. The sports event which will be held next week is a marathon.
（下周将举行的体育赛事是马拉松。——作主语） 2. The book for which you are looking is on the desk.
（你正在找的那本书在桌子上。——介词for之后只能用which）
that 先行词：人或物 成分：作主语、宾语或表语。 【规则变化】只能用 that 的情况： 1. 先行词为不定代词（all, much, everything, nothing等）时； 2. 先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时； 3. 先行词被 the very, the only, the same 修饰时； 4. 先行词既有人又有物时。 1. The team that Lang Ping had built was falling apart.
（郎平所组建的那支队伍当时正分崩离析。——作宾语，可省略） 2. This is the most exciting match that I have ever watched.
（这是我看过的最激动人心的比赛。——先行词被最高级修饰，只能用that） 3. They talked about the players and the games that interested them.
（他们谈论了令他们感兴趣的球员和比赛。——先行词既有人又有物）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The coach ______ led the China women's volleyball team to Olympic gold in Brazil is Lang Ping.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
2. The team ______ Lang Ping had built was falling apart at that time.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
3. Is there anything ______ you don't understand about the rules of basketball
A. which B. what C. that D. who
4. He is the very athlete ______ I want to interview for our sports club.
A. which B. who C. whom D. that
5. Look at the children and their dogs ______ are running on the playground.
A. who B. which C. that D. whom
6. Do you know the boy ______ father is a famous table tennis player
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
7. The gold medal ______ she won in the competition belongs to her country.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
8. This is the best fitness centre ______ I have ever visited in this city.
A. which B. that C. where D. what
9. The students are talking about the sports events in ______ they will take part next week.
A. that B. which C. whom D. where
10. Anyone ______ has a passion for sports is welcome to join our wellness club.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Lang Ping is a living legend 1.__________ has brought honour and glory to her country. When the team 2.__________ she built was falling apart, her determination was tested. One of the best players 3.__________ we all liked had been injured. Losing two important players was a big challenge, 4.__________ (real) difficult for the team. But she did not lose heart.
She knew that her young players could win if they worked together 5.__________ a team. She is an excellent coach 6.__________ qualities inspire us. Two weeks 7.__________ (late), they were world champions. The gold medal 8.__________ they won in the Olympics proved her ability. Now, an increasing number of young people 9.__________ love sports are learning from her. They do exercise 10.__________ (regular) to keep fit and strong.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. B 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是The coach（人），在从句中作主语，应用who或that。故选B。
2. C 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是The team（物），在从句中作动词built的宾语，应用that或which。故选C。
3. C 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是不定代词anything，当先行词为不定代词时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故选C。
4. D 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词athlete被the very（正是那个）修饰时，关系代词只能用that。故选D。
5. C 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the children and their dogs，既有人又有物，关系代词只能用that。故选C。
6. C 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the boy，在从句中作名词father的定语，表示“那个男孩的爸爸”，应用whose。故选C。
7. D 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是The gold medal（物），在从句中作won的宾语，应用which或that。故选D。
8. B 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词fitness centre被形容词最高级the best修饰，关系代词只能用that。故选B。
9. B 【解析】考查定语从句（介词提前）。先行词是sports events（物），且前面有介词in，介词后面的关系代词指物时只能用which。故选B。
10. A 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是Anyone（不定代词，指人），在从句中作主语，应用who（anyone指人时习惯用who引导）。故选A。
二、语法填空
1. who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是a living legend（指人），在从句中作主语，填who或that。
2. which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是the team（物），在从句中作built的宾语，填which或that（也可省略）。
3. whom/who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是players（人），在从句中作liked的宾语，填whom, who或that。
4. really 【解析】考查副词。修饰形容词difficult，需用副词形式really。
5. as 【解析】考查介词。work together as a team 意为“作为一个团队一起努力”，as表示“作为”。
6. whose 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是coach，在从句中修饰名词qualities，表示“这位教练的品质”，用whose作定语。
7. later 【解析】考查副词（比较级）。Two weeks later 意为“两周后”，是常见的表达方式。
8. which/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是The gold medal（物），在从句中作won的宾语，填which或that。
9. who/that 【解析】考查定语从句。先行词是young people（人），在从句中作主语，填who或that。
10. regularly 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词短语do exercise，需用副词形式regularly，意为“有规律地，定期地”。《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 2 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：现在进行时表将来。重点掌握该语法现象的表意功能，并能够准确区分其与一般将来时的不同用法。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与用法 基本构成 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
现在进行时
表将来 用现在进行时的形式，表示按计划或安排即将在最近发生的事情。 am / is / are + 动词的现在分词 【注意】常用动词：多用于表示位置转移的动词，如 go(去), come(来), leave(离开), arrive(到达), start(出发), return(返回), fly(飞往), take off(起飞)等。也可用于一些表示动作、状态的词，如 do, meet, stay, have 等。 【易错点】时间状语：为了避免与“正在进行”的动作混淆，该用法通常需要伴随明确的将来时间状语（如 tomorrow, next week, tonight 等），除非上下文语境非常清晰。 1. I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
（我明天要去北京。——位置转移的动词） 2. We are spending the Spring Festival in Sanya.
（我们打算在三亚过春节。——计划好的安排）
比较：
现在进行时
与
一般将来时 对比现在进行时表将来与 will / be going to 的区别。 1. be doing 2. be going to do 3. will do 【拓展】三者核心区别： 1. be doing：强调事先已经计划好且已经安排妥当（大概率会发生）。 2. be going to do：强调主观的打算，或根据当前的迹象推测即将发生的事。 3. will do：强调说话瞬间做出的临时决定或个人意愿。 1. He is meeting his coach this weekend.
（这个周末他要和教练见面。——计划已定） 2. Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain.
（看那些乌云！快要下雨了。——根据迹象推测） 3. — The phone is ringing.
— I will answer it.
（——电话在响。——我去接。——临时决定）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. — Are you free this evening
— No. I ______ my uncle at the airport.
A. am meeting B. met C. have met D. meet
2. — Someone is knocking at the door.
— Don’t worry. I ______ open it.
A. am going B. will C. am opening D. open
3. Look at those heavy clouds. It ______ soon.
A. will rain B. rained C. is going to rain D. is raining
4. The new exchange student ______ for London next Monday. He has already bought the ticket.
A. left B. is leaving C. has left D. leave
5. — What are your plans for the coming National Day holiday
— We ______ to Xi'an to see the Terracotta Army.
A. go B. went C. are going D. have gone
6. — I don’t know how to use this new software.
— It's easy. I ______ you.
A. am teaching B. will teach C. teach D. have taught
7. The train ______ at 9:30 a.m. tomorrow, so I hope we can sleep well tonight.
A. is arriving B. arrived C. has arrived D. arriving
8. — Could you help me with this heavy box, please I’m afraid I ______ it.
— Sure, let me give you a hand.
A. am going to drop B. drop C. am dropping D. dropped
9. Tomorrow, my dad and I ______ the Shaanxi History Museum. We made the plan last week.
A. visited B. are visiting C. have visited D. visit
10. Engineers in the UK ______ a new satellite to track solar storms next month.
A. are building B. built C. have built D. build
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The coming October holiday is approaching. My time here in China is going very 1.__________ (good). Over the holiday, my parents and I 2.__________ (plan) to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. We 3.__________ (take) the train, leaving the day before the holiday begins. We 4.__________ (arrive) at 9:30 a.m. and will start sightseeing right away. My dad loves history and he is looking forward to 5.__________ (visit) the Shaanxi History Museum.
Tomorrow, I 6.__________ (meet) our tour guide to confirm the schedule. My mom says she 7.__________ (pack) the luggage tonight. She told me to bring a few light 8.__________ (sweater). I am sure we will have a 9.__________ (wonder) time there. I will send you some photos 10.__________ (immediate) when I get back!《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 2 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：现在进行时表将来。重点掌握该语法现象的表意功能，并能够准确区分其与一般将来时的不同用法。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与用法 基本构成 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
现在进行时
表将来 用现在进行时的形式，表示按计划或安排即将在最近发生的事情。 am / is / are + 动词的现在分词 【注意】常用动词：多用于表示位置转移的动词，如 go(去), come(来), leave(离开), arrive(到达), start(出发), return(返回), fly(飞往), take off(起飞)等。也可用于一些表示动作、状态的词，如 do, meet, stay, have 等。 【易错点】时间状语：为了避免与“正在进行”的动作混淆，该用法通常需要伴随明确的将来时间状语（如 tomorrow, next week, tonight 等），除非上下文语境非常清晰。 1. I am leaving for Beijing tomorrow.
（我明天要去北京。——位置转移的动词） 2. We are spending the Spring Festival in Sanya.
（我们打算在三亚过春节。——计划好的安排）
比较：
现在进行时
与
一般将来时 对比现在进行时表将来与 will / be going to 的区别。 1. be doing 2. be going to do 3. will do 【拓展】三者核心区别： 1. be doing：强调事先已经计划好且已经安排妥当（大概率会发生）。 2. be going to do：强调主观的打算，或根据当前的迹象推测即将发生的事。 3. will do：强调说话瞬间做出的临时决定或个人意愿。 1. He is meeting his coach this weekend.
（这个周末他要和教练见面。——计划已定） 2. Look at the dark clouds! It is going to rain.
（看那些乌云！快要下雨了。——根据迹象推测） 3. — The phone is ringing.
— I will answer it.
（——电话在响。——我去接。——临时决定）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. — Are you free this evening
— No. I ______ my uncle at the airport.
A. am meeting B. met C. have met D. meet
2. — Someone is knocking at the door.
— Don’t worry. I ______ open it.
A. am going B. will C. am opening D. open
3. Look at those heavy clouds. It ______ soon.
A. will rain B. rained C. is going to rain D. is raining
4. The new exchange student ______ for London next Monday. He has already bought the ticket.
A. left B. is leaving C. has left D. leave
5. — What are your plans for the coming National Day holiday
— We ______ to Xi'an to see the Terracotta Army.
A. go B. went C. are going D. have gone
6. — I don’t know how to use this new software.
— It's easy. I ______ you.
A. am teaching B. will teach C. teach D. have taught
7. The train ______ at 9:30 a.m. tomorrow, so I hope we can sleep well tonight.
A. is arriving B. arrived C. has arrived D. arriving
8. — Could you help me with this heavy box, please I’m afraid I ______ it.
— Sure, let me give you a hand.
A. am going to drop B. drop C. am dropping D. dropped
9. Tomorrow, my dad and I ______ the Shaanxi History Museum. We made the plan last week.
A. visited B. are visiting C. have visited D. visit
10. Engineers in the UK ______ a new satellite to track solar storms next month.
A. are building B. built C. have built D. build
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The coming October holiday is approaching. My time here in China is going very 1.__________ (good). Over the holiday, my parents and I 2.__________ (plan) to go to Xi’an to see the Terracotta Army. We 3.__________ (take) the train, leaving the day before the holiday begins. We 4.__________ (arrive) at 9:30 a.m. and will start sightseeing right away. My dad loves history and he is looking forward to 5.__________ (visit) the Shaanxi History Museum.
Tomorrow, I 6.__________ (meet) our tour guide to confirm the schedule. My mom says she 7.__________ (pack) the luggage tonight. She told me to bring a few light 8.__________ (sweater). I am sure we will have a 9.__________ (wonder) time there. I will send you some photos 10.__________ (immediate) when I get back!
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. A 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。根据问句可知询问今晚的安排，答语表示“要去机场接叔叔”，这是按计划安排好的事情，用现在进行时表将来。故选A。
2. B 【解析】考查一般将来时。对别人敲门做出的瞬间反应，表示临时决定去开门，强调意愿，用will。故选B。
3. C 【解析】考查将来时表达。根据“Look at those heavy clouds.”可知，这是根据眼前的迹象推测即将发生的事，应用be going to do。故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。leave属于位置转移的动词，且句子有明确的将来时间next Monday，表示按计划将要离开。故选B。
5. C 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。询问国庆假期的计划，答语表示计划去西安，go表示位置转移，用现在进行时表将来。故选C。
6. B 【解析】考查一般将来时。针对对方说不知道怎么用软件，临时提出提供帮助的意愿，属于说话瞬间做出的决定，用will。故选B。
7. A 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。arrive属于位置转移的动词，结合tomorrow可知表示预定将要到达。故选A。
8. A 【解析】考查将来时表达。根据箱子很重这一客观事实，推测自己有把箱子掉下去的危险，基于当前迹象的推测用be going to。故选A。
9. B 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。根据“We made the plan last week.”可知这是事先计划好的安排，用现在进行时表示将来。故选B。
10. A 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。根据时间状语next month可知事情发生在将来，用现在进行时表示按计划要进行的动作。故选A。
二、语法填空
1. well 【解析】修饰动词is going，需用副词well。
2. are planning 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。表示已经计划好假期去西安，用现在进行时。
3. are taking 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。表示按计划安排要乘坐火车。
4. are arriving 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。arrive为位置转移的动词，表示计划中即将到达。
5. visiting 【解析】考查非谓语动词。look forward to中的to是介词，后接动名词形式。
6. am meeting 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。结合时间状语Tomorrow可知，表示计划好要见导游。
7. is packing 【解析】考查现在进行时表将来。今晚打包行李是已经安排好的事情，用现在进行时表将来。
8. sweaters 【解析】考查名词复数。a few修饰可数名词复数，故填sweaters。
9. wonderful 【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词time，需用形容词wonderful。
10. immediately 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词send，意为“立刻、马上”，需用副词形式。《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：短语。短语是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与句法功能 基本构成 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
名词短语 以名词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于名词，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 （限定词）+（修饰语，如形容词等）+ 中心名词 +（后置定语，如介词短语等） 【注意】限定词：包括冠词(a/the)、指示代词(this/those)、物主代词(my/his)、不定代词(some/all)等，位于最前端。 【易错点】主谓一致：名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由中心名词决定，不受修饰语影响。 1. The students in the advanced literature course are doing group discussions.
（高级文学课程的学生们正在进行小组讨论。——作主语，谓语看students） 2. I also want to join some beautiful school clubs.
（我也想加入一些优秀的学校社团。——作宾语）
形容词短语 以形容词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，主要作定语、表语或宾语补足语。 （程度副词）+ 中心形容词 +（介词短语/动词不定式等） 【易错点】enough的位置：当副词enough修饰形容词构成短语时，必须后置。即：形容词 + enough。 【拓展】常用程度副词有very, quite, really, so, completely等。 1. The first week was a little confusing.
（第一周有点令人困惑。——作表语） 2. I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful.
（我发现我的大多数同班同学都很友好且乐于助人。——作宾语补足语） 3. The building is so big that I am completely lost.
（这栋楼太大了，以至于我完全迷路了。——作表语）
副词短语 以副词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于副词，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，主要作状语。 （程度副词）+ 中心副词 【易错点】enough的位置：与形容词短语一致，enough修饰副词时也必须后置。即：副词 + enough。 1. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly.
（琳达思考和说话都非常快。——修饰动词，作状语） 2. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
（新教练告诉我，我打得不够好。——修饰动词play，作状语） 3. Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet.
（说来也怪，她似乎不太喜欢芭蕾舞。——修饰全句，作状语）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The students in the advanced literature course ______ doing group discussions now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2. He was not ______ to lift the heavy box, so he asked me for help.
A. strong enough B. enough strong C. strong very D. very strong enough
3. Strangely ______, the new exchange student didn't seem to like playing basketball very much.
A. very B. enough C. quite D. too
4. My parents bought me ______ for my birthday.
A. a beautiful small red wooden box B. a small beautiful red wooden box
C. a red beautiful small wooden box D. a wooden beautiful small red box
5. The teacher spoke ______ for all the students in the large hall to understand.
A. clear enough B. enough clear C. clearly enough D. enough clearly
6. ______ students in our school like joining different kinds of school clubs.
A. A great deal of B. A large number of C. The number of D. Much
7. After communicating with him, I found the new exchange student very ______.
A. friend and helpful B. friendly and help C. friend and help D. friendly and helpful
8. Linda thinks and speaks ______ quickly, which leaves a deep impression on the judges.
A. so very B. quite C. very much D. too much
9. The math problem is ______ difficult for me to solve without any help.
A. far too B. very much C. too much D. much very
10. The school building is ______ that I am completely lost sometimes.
A. such big B. so big C. very big D. quite big
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a 1.__________ (real) big challenge. The first week was a little 2.__________ (confuse). First, I had to think very 3.__________ (careful) about which courses I wanted to take. My school adviser is a very patient and 4.__________ (help) person. He recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I do quite 5.__________ (good) in English.
I also want to join 6.__________ (some) school clubs. I play basketball well 7.__________ (enough) to join the school team. The coach told me that the team needs players who act 8.__________ (quick) and decisively. The school building is so big that I am 9.__________ (complete) lost sometimes. But I believe I will get familiar with this 10.__________ (beauty) campus soon.《人教版·英语必修 第一册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：短语。短语是具有一定意义但不构成句子或从句的一组词。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与句法功能 基本构成 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
名词短语 以名词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于名词，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 （限定词）+（修饰语，如形容词等）+ 中心名词 +（后置定语，如介词短语等） 【注意】限定词：包括冠词(a/the)、指示代词(this/those)、物主代词(my/his)、不定代词(some/all)等，位于最前端。 【易错点】主谓一致：名词短语作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由中心名词决定，不受修饰语影响。 1. The students in the advanced literature course are doing group discussions.
（高级文学课程的学生们正在进行小组讨论。——作主语，谓语看students） 2. I also want to join some beautiful school clubs.
（我也想加入一些优秀的学校社团。——作宾语）
形容词短语 以形容词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，主要作定语、表语或宾语补足语。 （程度副词）+ 中心形容词 +（介词短语/动词不定式等） 【易错点】enough的位置：当副词enough修饰形容词构成短语时，必须后置。即：形容词 + enough。 【拓展】常用程度副词有very, quite, really, so, completely等。 1. The first week was a little confusing.
（第一周有点令人困惑。——作表语） 2. I found most of my classmates friendly and helpful.
（我发现我的大多数同班同学都很友好且乐于助人。——作宾语补足语） 3. The building is so big that I am completely lost.
（这栋楼太大了，以至于我完全迷路了。——作表语）
副词短语 以副词为中心构成的短语。 在句中功能相当于副词，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，主要作状语。 （程度副词）+ 中心副词 【易错点】enough的位置：与形容词短语一致，enough修饰副词时也必须后置。即：副词 + enough。 1. Linda thinks and speaks quite quickly.
（琳达思考和说话都非常快。——修饰动词，作状语） 2. The new coach told me that I didn't play well enough.
（新教练告诉我，我打得不够好。——修饰动词play，作状语） 3. Strangely enough, she didn't seem to like ballet.
（说来也怪，她似乎不太喜欢芭蕾舞。——修饰全句，作状语）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. The students in the advanced literature course ______ doing group discussions now.
A. is B. are C. was D. were
2. He was not ______ to lift the heavy box, so he asked me for help.
A. strong enough B. enough strong C. strong very D. very strong enough
3. Strangely ______, the new exchange student didn't seem to like playing basketball very much.
A. very B. enough C. quite D. too
4. My parents bought me ______ for my birthday.
A. a beautiful small red wooden box B. a small beautiful red wooden box
C. a red beautiful small wooden box D. a wooden beautiful small red box
5. The teacher spoke ______ for all the students in the large hall to understand.
A. clear enough B. enough clear C. clearly enough D. enough clearly
6. ______ students in our school like joining different kinds of school clubs.
A. A great deal of B. A large number of C. The number of D. Much
7. After communicating with him, I found the new exchange student very ______.
A. friend and helpful B. friendly and help C. friend and help D. friendly and helpful
8. Linda thinks and speaks ______ quickly, which leaves a deep impression on the judges.
A. so very B. quite C. very much D. too much
9. The math problem is ______ difficult for me to solve without any help.
A. far too B. very much C. too much D. much very
10. The school building is ______ that I am completely lost sometimes.
A. such big B. so big C. very big D. quite big
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Going from junior high school to senior high school is a 1.__________ (real) big challenge. The first week was a little 2.__________ (confuse). First, I had to think very 3.__________ (careful) about which courses I wanted to take. My school adviser is a very patient and 4.__________ (help) person. He recommended that I should sign up for advanced literature because I do quite 5.__________ (good) in English.
I also want to join 6.__________ (some) school clubs. I play basketball well 7.__________ (enough) to join the school team. The coach told me that the team needs players who act 8.__________ (quick) and decisively. The school building is so big that I am 9.__________ (complete) lost sometimes. But I believe I will get familiar with this 10.__________ (beauty) campus soon.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. B 【解析】考查名词短语主谓一致。名词短语The students in the advanced literature course作主语，谓语动词单复数由中心词students决定，为复数。根据now可知用现在进行时，故选B。
2. A 【解析】考查形容词短语（enough位置）。enough修饰形容词strong时必须后置，即strong enough。故选A。
3. B 【解析】考查副词短语。strangely enough是固定表达，意为“说来也怪”，enough修饰副词必须后置。故选B。
4. A 【解析】考查名词短语中形容词的排序。多个形容词修饰名词的顺序：描绘性形容词(beautiful) + 大小(small) + 颜色(red) + 材质(wooden) + 中心名词(box)。故选A。
5. C 【解析】考查副词短语（enough位置）。修饰动词spoke需用副词clearly，enough修饰副词必须后置，即clearly enough。故选C。
6. B 【解析】考查名词短语的限定词。修饰可数名词复数students，且谓语是like（复数形式），A large number of意为“大量的”，符合语境；A great deal of修饰不可数名词；The number of作主语时谓语用单数。故选B。
7. D 【解析】考查形容词短语作宾补。found sb + 形容词短语。friendly和helpful都是形容词，两者并列作宾补，意为“友好且乐于助人”。故选D。
8. B 【解析】考查副词短语。修饰副词quickly，需用程度副词quite构成副词短语quite quickly，意为“相当快”。故选B。
9. A 【解析】考查形容词短语。too difficult表示“太难”，far用来修饰too，加强语气，far too difficult构成形容词短语。故选A。
10. B 【解析】考查形容词短语。so + 形容词 + that从句，意为“如此……以至于……”，so big构成形容词短语作表语。故选B。
二、语法填空
1. really 【解析】修饰形容词短语big challenge，需用副词really作状语。
2. confusing 【解析】修饰事物(The first week)，意为“令人困惑的”，构成形容词短语作表语。
3. carefully 【解析】修饰动词think，需用副词，very carefully构成副词短语作状语。
4. helpful 【解析】与patient并列，作定语修饰名词person，构成名词短语。
5. well 【解析】修饰动词do，与quite连用构成副词短语quite well。
6. some 【解析】修饰复数名词clubs，作为限定词构成名词短语some school clubs。
7. enough 【解析】考查副词位置。修饰副词well，必须后置，构成副词短语well enough。
8. quickly 【解析】修饰动词act，且与副词decisively并列，需用副词形式。
9. completely 【解析】修饰过去分词/形容词lost，意为“完全地”，构成形容词短语 completely lost。
10. beautiful 【解析】修饰中心名词campus，作定语，构成名词短语this beautiful campus。

展开更多......

收起↑