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2025高考英语热点时文阅读
海外流失文物回归，国家记忆的重塑
模块一：课前导读与词汇预热
【Topic 话题引言】
近期，海外流失文物回归再次成为牵动亿万国人心的热点话题。2025年，流失美国长达79载的国之瑰宝——战国“子弹库帛书”第二卷与第三卷，终于通过我国主动追索成功返还。这批帛书记录了古代五行时令与军事占卜，是中国目前已知最早的帛书。与此同时，联合国教科文组织上线了“被盗文物虚拟博物馆”，展出了包括安徽寿县被盗青铜罗汉像在内的全球珍贵文物，通过数字化手段向非法贩运亮剑。近代以来，我国有上千万件文物流失海外，它们不仅是物质的流失，更是文化记忆的断裂。尽管面临着国际公约无溯及力等重重法律障碍，但随着中国综合国力的提升、完整证据链的构建以及国际上“道德返还”新趋势的出现，越来越多的国宝正踏上归家之路。每一次文物的回归，都是一次民族情感的抚慰与文化自信的重塑。
【Word Bank 词汇加油站】
超纲注生词：
1. Cultural relics: (n.) 文化遗迹，文物
2. Manuscript: (n.) 手稿，手抄本（如：silk manuscript 帛书）
3. Smuggle: (v.) 走私，非法偷运
4. Retroactive: (adj.) 有追溯效力的
大纲核心词复习：
1. recover (vt. 恢复，找回): recover stolen artifacts (追回被盗文物)
2. identity (n. 身份，认同): cultural identity (文化认同)
3. illegal (adj. 非法的): illegal export (非法出境)
4. negotiate (v. 谈判，协商): solve problems through negotiation (通过协商解决问题)
5. cooperate (vi. 合作): international cooperation (国际合作)
模块二：核心演练区
题型A：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1942, an ancient silk manuscript (帛书) was discovered in a tomb in Changsha, China. Dating back over 2,300 years, it was recognized as the earliest known book of its kind, containing 1.____ information about ancient Chinese philosophy and military strategies.
However, the fate of this priceless treasure was 2.____. In 1946, an American named John tricked a Chinese antique dealer and took the manuscript to the United States 3.____. For decades, the silk document was separated into different parts and kept in several American museums. The Chinese people, 4.____ scholars and historians, never forgot about it. They 5.____ hope that one day, this national treasure would return home.
Recovering lost artifacts from abroad is never a(n) 6.____ task. It involves complex legal and diplomatic procedures. Over the years, Chinese experts conducted deep research to build a 7.____ chain of evidence proving that the manuscript 8.____ to China. Meanwhile, some American institutions began to adopt a new policy of "moral return", meaning they would return items acquired through 9.____ methods.
Finally, the breakthrough came. In May 2025, after 79 years of 10.____, two volumes of the silk manuscript were 11.____ handed over to the Chinese government. This marked China's first 12.____ case of actively pursuing and recovering lost cultural relics based on historical evidence.
When the news broke out, the whole nation was 13.____. "It is not just a piece of silk," a historian said with tears in his eyes. "It represents our cultural 14.____. Every time a lost relic comes back, a broken piece of our national 15.____ is put back together."
1. A. false B. valuable C. basic D. typical
2. A. tragic B. bright C. unknown D. peaceful
3. A. generously B. accidentally C. illegally D. temporarily
4. A. specially B. especially C. hardly D. exactly
5. A. gave up B. held onto C. laughed at D. played with
6. A. easy B. difficult C. dangerous D. formal
7. A. weak B. short C. solid D. hidden
8. A. led B. pointed C. applied D. belonged
9. A. modern B. scientific C. unethical D. creative
10. A. wandering B. developing C. resting D. fighting
11. A. secretly B. successfully C. casually D. unwillingly
12. A. failed B. random C. successful D. traditional
13. A. confused B. bored C. frightened D. thrilled
14. A. memory B. barrier C. shock D. difference
15. A. economy B. technology C. history D. nature
题型B：阅读理解 A篇 (Reading Comprehension A)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you log onto the newly launched website named the "Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects", you will be greeted by a quiet melody and a slightly blurry image of a bronze Luohan statue sitting cross-legged. Despite its rough appearance, the statue’s face remains clear and peaceful.
This statue was made during the Ming Dynasty in China. In the late autumn of 1996, it, along with several other statues, was stolen from a museum in Anhui Province. For nearly 30 years, their whereabouts have been completely unknown. Now, thanks to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), four of these missing Chinese statues have reappeared in the digital world.
Officially launched in late 2025, the Virtual Museum features over 250 detailed records of stolen cultural relics from 46 countries. The platform was created in partnership with INTERPOL (国际刑警组织). Its primary goal is not just to display art, but to cast a global spotlight on the dark reality of cultural theft. By bringing these lost treasures into the public eye, UNESCO hopes to warn private collectors and dealers against purchasing items with illegal origins.
"Establishing a virtual database serves as a 'missing person notice' for these cultural heritage items," says Wang Yunxia, a professor of cultural heritage law. "It reminds the international market to stay highly alert. If someone buys a relic listed here, they face the massive risk of it being legally recovered by its country of origin." Furthermore, if anyone recognizes an item on the website, they can immediately contact INTERPOL through a direct link to provide valuable clues, potentially turning the virtual homecoming into a physical reality.
16. What happened to the bronze Luohan statue in 1996
A. It was legally sold to an American museum.
B. It was stolen from a local museum in Anhui, China.
C. It was newly discovered in an ancient tomb.
D. It was destroyed in a terrible fire.
17. What is the main purpose of the "Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects"
A. To sell digital copies of ancient artworks to earn money.
B. To teach people how to make bronze statues at home.
C. To raise global awareness of cultural theft and prevent illegal trading.
D. To criticize countries that fail to protect their own history.
18. How can the public help if they recognize a stolen item on the website
A. They can buy it directly from the website at a low price.
B. They can report the clues directly to INTERPOL via the platform.
C. They are encouraged to travel to the country of origin to investigate.
D. They should keep silent to protect the safety of the current owner.
19. What is Professor Wang Yunxia's attitude towards the virtual museum
A. Highly supportive.
B. Completely doubtful.
C. Mildly annoyed.
D. Uninterested.
题型C：阅读理解 B篇 (Reading Comprehension B)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Recovering a country's lost cultural relics from overseas is an extremely challenging journey, involving a complex mix of historical, legal, and diplomatic issues. Generally, there are three main ways to bring artifacts home: donations, commercial purchases, and legal or diplomatic negotiations. While relying on international law is the most ethical approach, it is also the most difficult.
The core difficulty lies in the limitations of international conventions. The famous 1970 UNESCO Convention effectively requires member countries to return cultural properties that were illegally exported. However, this convention lacks "retroactive effect" (溯及力). This means it only applies to items stolen or smuggled *after* the convention took effect in the respective countries. For instance, the UK only joined the convention in 2002. If China wants to legally demand the return of an artifact taken to the UK during the 19th-century wars, the 1970 Convention offers no direct legal basis.
Despite these legal barriers, there is a growing positive trend in the international community: moral return. Rather than fighting in court, some countries and institutions are proactively returning items based on ethical considerations. For example, in 2022, the Smithsonian Institution in the US announced a policy to return collections acquired through unethical means. This policy directly facilitated the successful return of China's "Zidanku Silk Manuscript" in 2025.
Meanwhile, China is actively updating its own domestic laws. The newly revised Law of the PRC on Protection of Cultural Relics in 2024 clearly states that the nation reserves the right to recover culturally significant items lost abroad due to theft or illegal export, and this right is not restricted by any time limits. By combining solid domestic legislation with appeals to a shared human destiny, China is paving a new path for its national treasures to finally come home.
20. What is a major limitation of the 1970 UNESCO Convention
A. It only protects European and American artifacts.
B. It forces countries to buy back their artifacts at high prices.
C. It cannot be used to recover items stolen before it came into effect.
D. It only applies to items stolen from private homes, not public museums.
21. What does the term "moral return" in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Returning artifacts based on ethical beliefs rather than strict legal forcing.
B. Returning artifacts only after receiving a large amount of money.
C. Stealing artifacts back secretly without telling anyone.
D. Loaning artifacts to other countries for short-term exhibitions.
22. How does the newly revised Chinese law help in recovering relics
A. It provides a huge fund to buy back all artifacts globally.
B. It states the right to recover lost relics is not limited by time.
C. It promises to donate modern artworks in exchange for ancient ones.
D. It bans any foreign tourist from visiting Chinese museums.
23. What is the main idea of the passage
A. How to safely transport fragile cultural relics across oceans.
B. The detailed history of the Zidanku Silk Manuscript.
C. The reasons why Western museums refuse to return any artifacts.
D. The legal challenges of recovering lost relics and the new positive approaches.
题型D：七选五阅读 (Seven-out-of-Five)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Meaning of Bringing Cultural Relics Home
If you travel abroad and visit major museums in Europe or America, you might experience a complex mix of emotions. On one hand, you are amazed by the beauty of human civilization. 24._____. According to statistics, nearly 17 million Chinese cultural relics are currently scattered overseas, with many serving as the most prized possessions in hundreds of foreign museums.
How did these treasures end up so far from home The answer is often tied to a painful history. 25._____. Palaces were looted (洗劫), and tombs were illegally dug up. For decades, countless invaluable items, ranging from ancient oracle bones (甲骨文) to delicate porcelain, were smuggled out of the country.
However, these lost items are not just expensive antiques. As a famous Chinese historian once said, "The loss of cultural relics is not only the loss of material wealth, but also a break in our cultural memory." 26._____. They carry the spiritual DNA of the nation, telling us where we came from and who we are.
27._____. The process involves building extremely detailed chains of evidence, engaging in tough legal battles, and negotiating patiently. Despite these hurdles, generation after generation of Chinese scholars and diplomats have never given up.
Today, with China's growing strength and the increasing awareness of international justice, more and more national treasures are returning. 28._____. Every successful return heals a historical wound and strengthens the cultural confidence of the Chinese people.
A. These artifacts are essential pieces of the Chinese civilization puzzle.
B. Of course, bringing these historical pieces back is incredibly difficult.
C. On the other hand, you feel a deep sorrow seeing so many Chinese national treasures there.
D. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, China suffered from wars and social unrest.
E. Many young people prefer to study modern science rather than ancient history.
F. The government has built many new museums to attract foreign tourists.
G. Their homecoming is a proud moment that connects the past with the future.
题型E：语法填空 (Grammar Blank-filling)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In November 1988, a top-level Chinese artifact 29._____(unexpected) appeared at a Sotheby's auction in New York. It was a bronze *Dun* (青铜敦) from the Warring States period. Shockingly, this precious item 30._____(steal) from the Qu Yuan Memorial Hall in Hubei Province just a few months earlier.
When the Chinese government learned about the auction, it immediately contacted the US side. Sotheby's stated that if China could provide documents 31._____(prove) the bronze Dun belonged to them, the auction house would return it. Following this, the Chinese police quickly solved the theft case in Hubei. They collected strong evidence and sent 32._____ to the US through INTERPOL (国际刑警组织).
Through complex diplomatic 33._____(negotiation), an agreement was finally reached. In May 1989, China and the US signed a memorandum, 34._____(lead) to the successful return of the bronze Dun. This event was highly significant because it was the first time since the founding of the PRC 35._____ China successfully recovered a lost artifact from abroad through diplomatic channels.
Today, the bronze Dun 36._____(keep) safely in the Hubei Provincial Museum. Its story serves as a powerful reminder of the difficult journey of cultural protection. In recent years, thanks 37._____ international cooperation, multiple lost treasures have made their way back to China. It is 38._____(wide) believed that with continuous efforts, more artifacts will eventually return to their motherland.
模块三：参考答案与详细解析
【题型A：完形填空答案与解析】
1.【答案】B。解析：形容词辨析。这卷被认为是最早的帛书，包含了关于古代哲学和军事战略的“有价值的/宝贵的(valuable)”信息。false错误的；basic基础的；typical典型的。故选B。
2.【答案】A。解析：形容词辨析。然而，这件无价之宝的命运却是“悲惨的(tragic)”。下文讲述了它被骗走并流失海外数十年。bright光明的；unknown未知的；peaceful和平的。故选A。
3.【答案】C。解析：副词辨析。一个名叫约翰的美国人欺骗了中国古董商，并将其“非法地(illegally)”带到了美国。generously慷慨地；accidentally偶然地；temporarily暂时地。故选C。
4.【答案】B。解析：副词辨析。中国人民，“尤其是(especially)”学者和历史学家，从未忘记它。specially专门地；hardly几乎不；exactly确切地。故选B。
5.【答案】B。解析：动词短语辨析。他们“坚持(held onto)”着国宝总有一天会回家的希望。give up放弃；laugh at嘲笑；play with玩耍。故选B。
6.【答案】A。解析：形容词辨析。从海外追回流失文物绝不是一项“容易的(easy)”任务。下文提到这涉及复杂的法律和外交程序。difficult困难的；dangerous危险的；formal正式的。故选A。
7.【答案】C。解析：形容词辨析。多年来，中国专家深入研究，建立了一条“坚实的(solid)”证据链。weak脆弱的；short短的；hidden隐藏的。故选C。
8.【答案】D。解析：动词辨析。证据链证明了这卷帛书“属于(belonged)”中国。belong to为固定搭配。lead导致；point指向；apply应用。故选D。
9.【答案】C。解析：形容词辨析。与此同时，一些美国机构开始采取“道德返还”政策，意味着他们将归还通过“不道德的(unethical)”手段获得的物品。modern现代的；scientific科学的；creative有创造力的。故选C。
10.【答案】A。解析：名词辨析。在“漂泊/流浪(wandering)”了79年后，两卷帛书被成功移交。developing发展；resting休息；fighting战斗。故选A。
11.【答案】B。解析：副词辨析。两卷帛书被“成功地(successfully)”移交给了中国政府。secretly秘密地；casually随意地；unwillingly不情愿地。故选B。
12.【答案】C。解析：形容词辨析。这标志着中国基于历史证据主动追索流失文物并获得“成功的(successful)”首个案例。fail失败的；random随机的；traditional传统的。故选C。
13.【答案】D。解析：形容词辨析。当消息传出时，举国“激动/狂喜(thrilled)”。confused困惑的；bored无聊的；frightened害怕的。故选D。
14.【答案】A。解析：名词辨析。历史学家含泪说：“它代表了我们的文化‘记忆(memory)’。”barrier障碍；shock震惊；difference差异。故选A。
15.【答案】C。解析：名词辨析。每一次流失文物的回归，都是将我们破碎的民族“历史(history)”重新拼凑起来。economy经济；technology科技；nature自然。故选C。
【题型B：阅读理解 A篇 答案与解析】
16.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“In the late autumn of 1996, it, along with several other statues, was stolen from a museum in Anhui Province.”可知，1996年这尊青铜罗汉像从安徽省的一家博物馆被盗。故选B。
17.【答案】C。解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Its primary goal is not just to display art, but to cast a global spotlight on the dark reality of cultural theft. By bringing these lost treasures into the public eye, UNESCO hopes to warn private collectors and dealers against purchasing items with illegal origins.”可知，该虚拟博物馆的主要目的是引起全球对文物盗窃的关注，并警告人们不要购买非法来源的物品（防止非法交易）。故选C。
18.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“if anyone recognizes an item on the website, they can immediately contact INTERPOL through a direct link to provide valuable clues”可知，如果公众在网站上认出某件被盗文物，可以直接通过平台链接向国际刑警组织提供线索。故选B。
19.【答案】A。解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段王云霞教授的引言“Establishing a virtual database serves as a 'missing person notice'... It reminds the international market to stay highly alert...”可知，她认为这个平台起到了“寻人启事”的作用，并能有效警告国际市场，因此她的态度是“高度支持的（Highly supportive）”。故选A。
【题型C：阅读理解 B篇 答案与解析】
20.【答案】C。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“However, this convention lacks "retroactive effect" (溯及力). This means it only applies to items stolen or smuggled *after* the convention took effect in the respective countries.”可知，1970年公约的一个主要局限是它没有溯及力，不能用来追索在公约生效之前被盗或走私的文物。故选C。
21.【答案】A。解析：词义猜测/细节理解题。根据第三段“Rather than fighting in court, some countries and institutions are proactively returning items based on ethical considerations. For example... the Smithsonian Institution... announced a policy to return collections acquired through unethical means.”可知，“道德返还（moral return）”指的是基于道德和伦理信念主动返还文物，而不是被迫走严格的法律程序。故选A。
22.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“The newly revised Law... clearly states that the nation reserves the right to recover culturally significant items lost abroad... and this right is not restricted by any time limits.”可知，中国新修订的法律明确规定，追索非法流失文物的权利不受任何时间限制。故选B。
23.【答案】D。解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段总起，指出追索文物面临法律难题；第二段分析了国际公约的局限性；第三段和第四段分别介绍了国际上的“道德返还”新趋势以及中国出台国内法等积极的应对策略。因此，D选项“追索流失文物的法律挑战及新的积极举措”最能概括全文。故选D。
【题型D：七选五阅读答案与解析】
24.【答案】C。解析：上下文逻辑题。前文提到“一方面，你惊叹于人类文明的美丽（On one hand...）”，由On one hand可知后文应有转折对比。C选项“另一方面，看到这么多中国国宝在那里，你会感到深深的悲哀（On the other hand...）”完美衔接上下文，并引出后文“将近1700万件中国文物流失海外”的数据。故选C。
25.【答案】D。解析：细节支撑题。本段探讨国宝如何流失。前句说“答案通常与一段痛苦的历史有关”，D选项“在19世纪末和20世纪初，中国遭受了战争和社会动荡（suffered from wars and social unrest）”直接解释了这段痛苦的历史是什么，且与后句的“宫殿被洗劫，坟墓被非法挖掘”构成因果与顺承关系。故选D。
26.【答案】A。解析：段落主旨/逻辑支撑题。前文引用历史学家的话强调文物流失是文化记忆的断裂。A选项“这些文物是中国文明拼图不可或缺的拼图块（essential pieces of the Chinese civilization puzzle）”进一步隐喻并深化了这一观点，并与后句“它们携带着民族的精神DNA，告诉我们从何而来”紧密呼应。故选A。
27.【答案】B。解析：段落主题句（小标题过渡）。根据后文“这个过程包括建立极其详细的证据链，参与艰难的法律斗争和耐心谈判...尽管有这些障碍，中国学者从未放弃”可知，本段的核心是讲述追索文物有多么困难。B选项“当然，把这些历史碎片带回来是极其困难的（incredibly difficult）”非常适合作为本段的段首概括句。故选B。
28.【答案】G。解析：总结升华题。前文提到“随着中国实力的增强和国际正义意识的提高，越来越多的国宝正在归来”。G选项“它们的回归是一个将过去与未来连接起来的自豪时刻（a proud moment that connects the past with the future）”不仅顺承了国宝回归的话题，还为后文“每一次成功回归都能治愈历史创伤，增强中国人的文化自信”做好了情感上的铺垫。故选G。
【题型E：语法填空答案与解析】
29.【答案】unexpectedly。解析：考查副词。修饰动词appeared，意为“出乎意料地”，应用副词形式。故填unexpectedly。
30.【答案】had been stolen。解析：考查时态和语态。根据时间状语“just a few months earlier”和主句的过去时态可知，文物被盗发生在它在拍卖行出现（过去）之前，属于“过去的过去”，且主语this precious item与steal之间是被动关系，故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been stolen。
31.【答案】proving。解析：考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词could provide，此处应用非谓语动词。documents与prove之间是主动关系（文件证明了……），故用现在分词作后置定语。故填proving。
32.【答案】them。解析：考查代词。指代前文的“strong evidence”（证据，此处不可数名词evidence往往作为整体概念，但这里指代的是前文收集到的多份证据材料，或者为了顺应代词指代习惯，由于evidence是不可数名词，通常指代用it；但注意：在警方术语中，如果特指多件物证，有时也会处理。更为严谨的答案是it。*更正解析*：evidence为不可数名词，代词应使用 **it**。故填it。
33.【答案】negotiations。解析：考查名词复数。diplomatic negotiation意为“外交谈判”，此处表示经历了一系列复杂的谈判过程，且没有冠词a，故应用复数形式。故填negotiations。
34.【答案】leading。解析：考查非谓语动词。中美签署备忘录“导致了”青铜敦的成功回归，这是一种自然而然的结果，应用现在分词作结果状语。故填leading。
35.【答案】that。解析：考查强调句型/定语从句。It was the first time that... 为固定句型，表示“这是第一次……”，that引导定语从句，通常不可省略。故填that。
36.【答案】is kept。解析：考查时态和语态。根据时间状语Today可知，应用一般现在时；主语the bronze Dun与keep之间是被动关系，故用一般现在时的被动语态。故填is kept。
37.【答案】to。解析：考查介词。thanks to为固定短语，意为“多亏了，由于”。故填to。
38.【答案】widely。解析：考查副词。修饰动词believed，意为“普遍地，广泛地”，应用副词形式。It is widely believed that...意为“人们普遍认为……”。故填widely。2025高考英语热点时文阅读
海外流失文物回归，国家记忆的重塑
模块一：课前导读与词汇预热
【Topic 话题引言】
近期，海外流失文物回归再次成为牵动亿万国人心的热点话题。2025年，流失美国长达79载的国之瑰宝——战国“子弹库帛书”第二卷与第三卷，终于通过我国主动追索成功返还。这批帛书记录了古代五行时令与军事占卜，是中国目前已知最早的帛书。与此同时，联合国教科文组织上线了“被盗文物虚拟博物馆”，展出了包括安徽寿县被盗青铜罗汉像在内的全球珍贵文物，通过数字化手段向非法贩运亮剑。近代以来，我国有上千万件文物流失海外，它们不仅是物质的流失，更是文化记忆的断裂。尽管面临着国际公约无溯及力等重重法律障碍，但随着中国综合国力的提升、完整证据链的构建以及国际上“道德返还”新趋势的出现，越来越多的国宝正踏上归家之路。每一次文物的回归，都是一次民族情感的抚慰与文化自信的重塑。
【Word Bank 词汇加油站】
超纲注生词：
1. Cultural relics: (n.) 文化遗迹，文物
2. Manuscript: (n.) 手稿，手抄本（如：silk manuscript 帛书）
3. Smuggle: (v.) 走私，非法偷运
4. Retroactive: (adj.) 有追溯效力的
大纲核心词复习：
1. recover (vt. 恢复，找回): recover stolen artifacts (追回被盗文物)
2. identity (n. 身份，认同): cultural identity (文化认同)
3. illegal (adj. 非法的): illegal export (非法出境)
4. negotiate (v. 谈判，协商): solve problems through negotiation (通过协商解决问题)
5. cooperate (vi. 合作): international cooperation (国际合作)
模块二：核心演练区
题型A：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
In 1942, an ancient silk manuscript (帛书) was discovered in a tomb in Changsha, China. Dating back over 2,300 years, it was recognized as the earliest known book of its kind, containing 1.____ information about ancient Chinese philosophy and military strategies.
However, the fate of this priceless treasure was 2.____. In 1946, an American named John tricked a Chinese antique dealer and took the manuscript to the United States 3.____. For decades, the silk document was separated into different parts and kept in several American museums. The Chinese people, 4.____ scholars and historians, never forgot about it. They 5.____ hope that one day, this national treasure would return home.
Recovering lost artifacts from abroad is never a(n) 6.____ task. It involves complex legal and diplomatic procedures. Over the years, Chinese experts conducted deep research to build a 7.____ chain of evidence proving that the manuscript 8.____ to China. Meanwhile, some American institutions began to adopt a new policy of "moral return", meaning they would return items acquired through 9.____ methods.
Finally, the breakthrough came. In May 2025, after 79 years of 10.____, two volumes of the silk manuscript were 11.____ handed over to the Chinese government. This marked China's first 12.____ case of actively pursuing and recovering lost cultural relics based on historical evidence.
When the news broke out, the whole nation was 13.____. "It is not just a piece of silk," a historian said with tears in his eyes. "It represents our cultural 14.____. Every time a lost relic comes back, a broken piece of our national 15.____ is put back together."
1. A. false B. valuable C. basic D. typical
2. A. tragic B. bright C. unknown D. peaceful
3. A. generously B. accidentally C. illegally D. temporarily
4. A. specially B. especially C. hardly D. exactly
5. A. gave up B. held onto C. laughed at D. played with
6. A. easy B. difficult C. dangerous D. formal
7. A. weak B. short C. solid D. hidden
8. A. led B. pointed C. applied D. belonged
9. A. modern B. scientific C. unethical D. creative
10. A. wandering B. developing C. resting D. fighting
11. A. secretly B. successfully C. casually D. unwillingly
12. A. failed B. random C. successful D. traditional
13. A. confused B. bored C. frightened D. thrilled
14. A. memory B. barrier C. shock D. difference
15. A. economy B. technology C. history D. nature
题型B：阅读理解 A篇 (Reading Comprehension A)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
If you log onto the newly launched website named the "Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects", you will be greeted by a quiet melody and a slightly blurry image of a bronze Luohan statue sitting cross-legged. Despite its rough appearance, the statue’s face remains clear and peaceful.
This statue was made during the Ming Dynasty in China. In the late autumn of 1996, it, along with several other statues, was stolen from a museum in Anhui Province. For nearly 30 years, their whereabouts have been completely unknown. Now, thanks to the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO), four of these missing Chinese statues have reappeared in the digital world.
Officially launched in late 2025, the Virtual Museum features over 250 detailed records of stolen cultural relics from 46 countries. The platform was created in partnership with INTERPOL (国际刑警组织). Its primary goal is not just to display art, but to cast a global spotlight on the dark reality of cultural theft. By bringing these lost treasures into the public eye, UNESCO hopes to warn private collectors and dealers against purchasing items with illegal origins.
"Establishing a virtual database serves as a 'missing person notice' for these cultural heritage items," says Wang Yunxia, a professor of cultural heritage law. "It reminds the international market to stay highly alert. If someone buys a relic listed here, they face the massive risk of it being legally recovered by its country of origin." Furthermore, if anyone recognizes an item on the website, they can immediately contact INTERPOL through a direct link to provide valuable clues, potentially turning the virtual homecoming into a physical reality.
16. What happened to the bronze Luohan statue in 1996
A. It was legally sold to an American museum.
B. It was stolen from a local museum in Anhui, China.
C. It was newly discovered in an ancient tomb.
D. It was destroyed in a terrible fire.
17. What is the main purpose of the "Virtual Museum of Stolen Cultural Objects"
A. To sell digital copies of ancient artworks to earn money.
B. To teach people how to make bronze statues at home.
C. To raise global awareness of cultural theft and prevent illegal trading.
D. To criticize countries that fail to protect their own history.
18. How can the public help if they recognize a stolen item on the website
A. They can buy it directly from the website at a low price.
B. They can report the clues directly to INTERPOL via the platform.
C. They are encouraged to travel to the country of origin to investigate.
D. They should keep silent to protect the safety of the current owner.
19. What is Professor Wang Yunxia's attitude towards the virtual museum
A. Highly supportive.
B. Completely doubtful.
C. Mildly annoyed.
D. Uninterested.
题型C：阅读理解 B篇 (Reading Comprehension B)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Recovering a country's lost cultural relics from overseas is an extremely challenging journey, involving a complex mix of historical, legal, and diplomatic issues. Generally, there are three main ways to bring artifacts home: donations, commercial purchases, and legal or diplomatic negotiations. While relying on international law is the most ethical approach, it is also the most difficult.
The core difficulty lies in the limitations of international conventions. The famous 1970 UNESCO Convention effectively requires member countries to return cultural properties that were illegally exported. However, this convention lacks "retroactive effect" (溯及力). This means it only applies to items stolen or smuggled *after* the convention took effect in the respective countries. For instance, the UK only joined the convention in 2002. If China wants to legally demand the return of an artifact taken to the UK during the 19th-century wars, the 1970 Convention offers no direct legal basis.
Despite these legal barriers, there is a growing positive trend in the international community: moral return. Rather than fighting in court, some countries and institutions are proactively returning items based on ethical considerations. For example, in 2022, the Smithsonian Institution in the US announced a policy to return collections acquired through unethical means. This policy directly facilitated the successful return of China's "Zidanku Silk Manuscript" in 2025.
Meanwhile, China is actively updating its own domestic laws. The newly revised Law of the PRC on Protection of Cultural Relics in 2024 clearly states that the nation reserves the right to recover culturally significant items lost abroad due to theft or illegal export, and this right is not restricted by any time limits. By combining solid domestic legislation with appeals to a shared human destiny, China is paving a new path for its national treasures to finally come home.
20. What is a major limitation of the 1970 UNESCO Convention
A. It only protects European and American artifacts.
B. It forces countries to buy back their artifacts at high prices.
C. It cannot be used to recover items stolen before it came into effect.
D. It only applies to items stolen from private homes, not public museums.
21. What does the term "moral return" in paragraph 3 refer to
A. Returning artifacts based on ethical beliefs rather than strict legal forcing.
B. Returning artifacts only after receiving a large amount of money.
C. Stealing artifacts back secretly without telling anyone.
D. Loaning artifacts to other countries for short-term exhibitions.
22. How does the newly revised Chinese law help in recovering relics
A. It provides a huge fund to buy back all artifacts globally.
B. It states the right to recover lost relics is not limited by time.
C. It promises to donate modern artworks in exchange for ancient ones.
D. It bans any foreign tourist from visiting Chinese museums.
23. What is the main idea of the passage
A. How to safely transport fragile cultural relics across oceans.
B. The detailed history of the Zidanku Silk Manuscript.
C. The reasons why Western museums refuse to return any artifacts.
D. The legal challenges of recovering lost relics and the new positive approaches.
题型D：七选五阅读 (Seven-out-of-Five)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
The Meaning of Bringing Cultural Relics Home
If you travel abroad and visit major museums in Europe or America, you might experience a complex mix of emotions. On one hand, you are amazed by the beauty of human civilization. 24._____. According to statistics, nearly 17 million Chinese cultural relics are currently scattered overseas, with many serving as the most prized possessions in hundreds of foreign museums.
How did these treasures end up so far from home The answer is often tied to a painful history. 25._____. Palaces were looted (洗劫), and tombs were illegally dug up. For decades, countless invaluable items, ranging from ancient oracle bones (甲骨文) to delicate porcelain, were smuggled out of the country.
However, these lost items are not just expensive antiques. As a famous Chinese historian once said, "The loss of cultural relics is not only the loss of material wealth, but also a break in our cultural memory." 26._____. They carry the spiritual DNA of the nation, telling us where we came from and who we are.
27._____. The process involves building extremely detailed chains of evidence, engaging in tough legal battles, and negotiating patiently. Despite these hurdles, generation after generation of Chinese scholars and diplomats have never given up.
Today, with China's growing strength and the increasing awareness of international justice, more and more national treasures are returning. 28._____. Every successful return heals a historical wound and strengthens the cultural confidence of the Chinese people.
A. These artifacts are essential pieces of the Chinese civilization puzzle.
B. Of course, bringing these historical pieces back is incredibly difficult.
C. On the other hand, you feel a deep sorrow seeing so many Chinese national treasures there.
D. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries, China suffered from wars and social unrest.
E. Many young people prefer to study modern science rather than ancient history.
F. The government has built many new museums to attract foreign tourists.
G. Their homecoming is a proud moment that connects the past with the future.
题型E：语法填空 (Grammar Blank-filling)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In November 1988, a top-level Chinese artifact 29._____(unexpected) appeared at a Sotheby's auction in New York. It was a bronze *Dun* (青铜敦) from the Warring States period. Shockingly, this precious item 30._____(steal) from the Qu Yuan Memorial Hall in Hubei Province just a few months earlier.
When the Chinese government learned about the auction, it immediately contacted the US side. Sotheby's stated that if China could provide documents 31._____(prove) the bronze Dun belonged to them, the auction house would return it. Following this, the Chinese police quickly solved the theft case in Hubei. They collected strong evidence and sent 32._____ to the US through INTERPOL (国际刑警组织).
Through complex diplomatic 33._____(negotiation), an agreement was finally reached. In May 1989, China and the US signed a memorandum, 34._____(lead) to the successful return of the bronze Dun. This event was highly significant because it was the first time since the founding of the PRC 35._____ China successfully recovered a lost artifact from abroad through diplomatic channels.
Today, the bronze Dun 36._____(keep) safely in the Hubei Provincial Museum. Its story serves as a powerful reminder of the difficult journey of cultural protection. In recent years, thanks 37._____ international cooperation, multiple lost treasures have made their way back to China. It is 38._____(wide) believed that with continuous efforts, more artifacts will eventually return to their motherland.

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