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2025高考英语热点时文阅读
联合国80华诞，在风雨中重振多边主义
模块一：课前导读与词汇预热
【Topic 话题引言】
2025年，世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，联合国（United Nations）也迎来了80岁华诞。80年前，先辈们在战火的废墟中满怀“欲免后世再遭战祸”的初心建立了联合国，开启了以国际法为基础的战后秩序。如今，作为全球最具代表性和权威性的国际组织，联合国在维和、减贫、人权等领域成就斐然。然而，面对百年未有之大变局，单边主义（Unilateralism）逆流涌动、地区冲突延宕不决、全球治理赤字扩大，加之内部财政危机与安理会代表性不足，联合国正面临前所未有的严峻挑战。在第80届联大上，“携手共进”与《未来契约》成为重振多边主义的关键。作为创始会员国，中国始终坚定维护联合国核心地位，提出四大全球倡议，在维和出兵、绿色转型及南南合作中挺膺担当，用实际行动向世界证明：唯有团结合作、摒弃“小圈子”政治，人类才能共同迈向更加和平繁荣的未来。
【Word Bank 词汇加油站】
超纲注生词：
1. Multilateralism: (n.) 多边主义（反义词：Unilateralism 单边主义）
2. Charter: (n.) 宪章（The UN Charter《联合国宪章》）
3. Veto: (n./v.) 否决权，否决
4. Solidarity: (n.) 团结，齐心协力
《超强大4500》大纲核心词复习：
1. establish (vt. 建立，确立): establish an organization (建立一个组织)
2. conflict (n./vi. 冲突，抵触): regional conflict (地区冲突)
3. reform (n./v. 改革，改造): push for structural reforms (推动结构性改革)
4. contribution (n. 贡献): make contributions to (对...做出贡献)
5. maintain (vt. 维持，维护): maintain world peace (维护世界和平)
模块二：核心演练区
题型A：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eighty years ago, emerging from the terrible destruction of World War II, the United Nations was officially established. Its founders shared a beautiful 1.____: to save future generations from the tragedy of war and to promote global 2.____ and development. Over the past eight decades, the UN has played a(n) 3.____ role in preventing worldwide conflicts, providing humanitarian relief, and fighting against poverty.
However, as the world celebrates its 80th birthday, the organization is facing 4.____ challenges. Regional conflicts continue to break out, causing endless suffering for millions. Meanwhile, the rise of 5.____ behavior by certain powerful countries—such as quitting international treaties and imposing unfair taxes—has severely 6.____ the authority of the UN. Furthermore, a massive shortage of 7.____ has forced the organization to freeze hiring and cut back on essential life-saving programs.
Despite these difficulties, the international community has not given up 8.____. At the 80th UN General Assembly, leaders from around the globe gathered to 9.____ their commitment to the UN Charter. They emphasized that in an interconnected world, no single country can 10.____ global crises like climate change and economic decline alone.
China, as a founding member, has always 11.____ the UN. From sending the most peacekeepers among the permanent members to helping achieve sustainable development goals, China has turned its promises into concrete 12.____.
The world is currently standing at a 13.____. To build a better future, countries must put aside their ideological differences and 14.____ together. After all, the true power of the UN lies in the 15.____ and cooperation of "we the peoples".
1. A. vision B. joke C. excuse D. habit
2. A. competition B. peace C. isolation D. tension
3. A. negative B. temporary C. essential D. unknown
4. A. unprecedented B. traditional C. welcome D. funny
5. A. cooperative B. responsible C. unilateral D. friendly
6. A. strengthened B. damaged C. tested D. recognized
7. A. funds B. rules C. ideas D. staff
8. A. time B. hope C. power D. face
9. A. hide B. question C. abandon D. renew
10. A. ignore B. create C. tackle D. spread
11. A. supported B. criticized C. controlled D. blamed
12. A. jokes B. actions C. tears D. memories
13. A. distance B. crossroads C. loss D. speed
14. A. fight B. stand C. travel D. play
15. A. division B. fear C. solidarity D. anger
题型B：阅读理解 A篇 (Reading Comprehension A)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On September 10, 2025, the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially opened at the UN Headquarters in New York. The theme for this historic session is "Better together: 80 years and more for peace, development and human rights".
During the opening ceremony, former German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock took the oath of office as the President of the 80th UNGA, becoming only the fifth woman in history to hold this vital position. She received the ceremonial wooden gavel (木槌) from her predecessor, symbolizing the orderly transfer of leadership in the "parliament of the world".
UN Secretary-General António Guterres delivered a passionate opening speech. He urged member states to rediscover the determination and solidarity that the founders of the UN demonstrated 80 years ago in San Francisco. "The UN provides the place, and the UN Charter provides the tools," Guterres noted. He emphasized that the recently adopted *Pact for the Future* gives a much-needed boost to the multilateral system. However, he warned that the Charter is not self-executing. It requires countries to look beyond their narrow national interests and rebuild trust in one another.
The 80th session comes at an extremely challenging time for the international community, which is dealing with escalating regional conflicts, worsening climate change, and growing economic inequalities. During the High-Level Week, world leaders will participate in the General Debate to share their perspectives on these pressing global issues. Special summits, including the Climate Summit and discussions on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are also scheduled to accelerate global action.
As President Baerbock stated in her address, "Our world is indeed suffering, but imagine how much worse that suffering would be without the United Nations."
16. What is the historical significance of Annalena Baerbock's new role
A. She is the youngest person to serve as the UNGA President.
B. She is the first German official to speak at the UN.
C. She is only the fifth woman ever to be elected as the UNGA President.
D. She wrote the original text of the UN Charter 80 years ago.
17. What does the wooden gavel mentioned in paragraph 2 symbolize
A. The start of a new world war.
B. The orderly transfer of leadership and authority.
C. The financial wealth of the United Nations.
D. The punishment for countries that break international laws.
18. According to Guterres, what is required to make the UN Charter effective
A. Countries must prioritize their own national interests above all else.
B. Member states must rebuild trust and overcome narrow national interests.
C. The UN must hire more staff for its headquarters in New York.
D. Developed countries must provide free technology to everyone.
19. What can be inferred about the current state of the world from the passage
A. It is entirely peaceful with no environmental issues.
B. It is facing multiple severe and interconnected global crises.
C. Poverty has been completely eliminated globally.
D. Countries no longer need to rely on international cooperation.
题型C：阅读理解 B篇 (Reading Comprehension B)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As the United Nations celebrates its 80th anniversary, the organization finds itself at a critical juncture. While it has achieved remarkable success in preventing another world war and promoting global development, the UN is currently facing severe challenges that threaten its authority and efficiency.
One of the most pressing issues is the financial crisis. As of 2025, many member states have failed to pay their membership dues in full. The US alone owes billions of dollars. This severe financial shortage has forced the organization to freeze hiring, cut back on essential services, and reduce funding for critical peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.
Another major challenge is the structural outdatedness of the UN, particularly the Security Council. Designed in 1945, the Council's composition no longer reflects the reality of the 21st century. Developing countries, often referred to as the "Global South", make up over 80% of the UN's membership but have very limited representation in the Council's core decision-making process. The frequent use of the veto power (否决权) by certain permanent members has also led to paralysis (瘫痪) when dealing with severe regional conflicts.
To address these issues, UN Secretary-General António Guterres launched the "UN 80th Anniversary Initiative," aiming to push for structural reforms, improve administrative efficiency, and optimize programs. He proposed a "dual-track" approach: immediate administrative improvements in the short term, and progressive negotiations for Security Council expansion in the long term.
As the largest developing country and a permanent member of the Security Council, China has actively supported these reform efforts. China advocates that the reform should prioritize increasing the representation and voice of developing countries. Furthermore, China insists on defending the international system with the UN at its core and opposes any actions that attempt to bypass the UN to form exclusive "small circles."
20. What is a direct consequence of the UN's financial shortage
A. The UN has stopped accepting new member states.
B. The UN is forced to cut back on life-saving humanitarian missions.
C. The UN has relocated its headquarters to a cheaper country.
D. The UN relies entirely on private companies for funding.
21. Why is the UN Security Council considered structurally outdated
A. Because it bans the use of modern computer technology in meetings.
B. Because it only allows European countries to join.
C. Because its composition fails to represent the growing influence of the Global South.
D. Because it holds too many unnecessary meetings every week.
22. What is China's main stance on UN reform according to the passage
A. To cancel the veto power of all permanent members immediately.
B. To form exclusive "small circles" outside the UN framework.
C. To increase the representation and voice of developing countries.
D. To reduce the amount of financial support given to the UN.
23. Which phrase best describes the current situation of the United Nations
A. Promising and flawless.
B. Challenged but reforming.
C. Completely paralyzed.
D. Financially independent.
题型D：七选五阅读 (Seven-out-of-Five)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why the World Still Needs the United Nations
After 80 years of existence, some people question whether the United Nations is still relevant today. With ongoing regional conflicts and global crises, critics argue that the organization is inefficient and powerless. 24.____. Here is why the UN remains an indispensable force for humanity.
First, it provides a universal platform for dialogue. 25.____. Even when nations strongly disagree, the UN offers a neutral space where diplomats can meet, negotiate, and resolve differences peacefully. Without this forum, international misunderstandings could easily escalate into uncontrollable wars.
Second, it coordinates global humanitarian relief. When natural disasters, famines, or wars strike, individual countries often lack the resources to respond adequately. 26.____. Agencies like the World Food Programme and UNICEF provide life-saving food, medicine, and shelter to millions of vulnerable people every year.
Third, it sets global standards and rules. 27.____. Whether it is the Law of the Sea, international human rights declarations, or climate agreements like the Paris Agreement, the UN plays a central role in drafting the rules that keep the modern world functioning smoothly and fairly.
28.____. Reforming the Security Council, improving financial transparency, and adapting to new challenges like artificial intelligence are all urgently needed. However, abandoning the UN is not the answer. As the saying goes, "If the UN did not exist, we would have to invent it."
A. The UN steps in to fill this gap and organizes collective assistance.
B. In an increasingly divided world, communication is more vital than ever.
C. However, such a negative view completely overlooks the UN's irreplaceable contributions.
D. Of course, the United Nations is far from perfect and requires continuous reform.
E. The UN is also responsible for organizing the Olympic Games every four years.
F. From environmental protection to civil aviation, we need common guidelines.
G. Some wealthy countries still refuse to pay their membership dues on time.
题型E：语法填空 (Grammar Blank-filling)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a founding member of the United Nations, China has always been a firm supporter of the organization's noble cause. Over the past 80 years, China 29.____ (transform) from a mere participant into a leading force in global governance.
In terms of maintaining world peace, China is the second-largest financial contributor 30.____ UN peacekeeping operations. It also sends the most peacekeepers among the permanent members of the Security Council. Chinese "blue helmets" can be seen in some of the most 31.____ (danger) regions, protecting civilians and rebuilding homes.
Regarding global development, China achieved the poverty reduction goal of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule. Through the Belt and Road Initiative, China has shared its development opportunities with over 150 countries, significantly 32.____ (boost) the economies of the Global South.
Recently, facing various global challenges, Chinese leaders 33.____ (propose) the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. These ideas align 34.____ (perfect) with the principles of the UN Charter. They provide 35.____ (value) Chinese wisdom for building a community with a shared future for mankind.
As the UN 36.____ (celebrate) its 80th anniversary this year, China promises to deepen its cooperation with the UN. "We will always stand on the right side of history," a Chinese representative stated 37.____ (proud). It is widely believed that a highly open and responsible China will inject more positive energy 38.____ a changing world.
模块三：参考答案与详细解析
【题型A：完形填空答案与解析】
1.【答案】A。解析：名词辨析。80年前联合国的创立者们共享一个美好的“愿景/梦想(vision)”。joke笑话；excuse借口；habit习惯。故选A。
2.【答案】B。解析：名词辨析。联合国的初衷是使后代免于战争悲剧，并促进全球的“和平(peace)”与发展。competition竞争；isolation孤立；tension紧张。故选B。
3.【答案】C。解析：形容词辨析。过去80年里，联合国在预防冲突、提供人道援助方面发挥了“至关重要的(essential)”作用。negative消极的；temporary暂时的；unknown未知的。故选C。
4.【答案】A。解析：形容词辨析。然而，在庆祝80岁生日之际，该组织正面临“前所未有的(unprecedented)”挑战。traditional传统的；welcome受欢迎的；funny搞笑的。故选A。
5.【答案】C。解析：形容词辨析。根据破折号后“如退出国际条约和征收不公平关税”可知，这是某些强国的“单边的(unilateral)”行为。cooperative合作的；responsible负责任的；friendly友好的。故选C。
6.【答案】B。解析：动词辨析。这些单边行为严重“损害(damaged)”了联合国的权威。strengthen加强；test测试；recognize认可。故选B。
7.【答案】A。解析：名词辨析。由于“资金(funds)”的严重短缺，迫使该组织冻结招聘并削减救生项目（对应素材中美国的欠费问题）。rule规则；idea想法；staff员工。故选A。
8.【答案】B。解析：名词辨析。尽管困难重重，国际社会并未放弃“希望(hope)”。time时间；power力量；face面子。故选B。
9.【答案】D。解析：动词辨析。在全球领导人齐聚的第80届联大上，他们“重申/更新(renew)”了对《联合国宪章》的承诺。hide隐藏；question质疑；abandon放弃。故选D。
10.【答案】C。解析：动词辨析。没有哪个国家能单独“解决/应对(tackle)”像气候变化这样的全球危机。ignore忽视；create创造；spread传播。故选C。
11.【答案】A。解析：动词辨析。中国作为创始国，始终“支持(supported)”联合国。criticize批评；control控制；blame责备。故选A。
12.【答案】B。解析：名词辨析。中国将承诺化作了具体的“行动(actions)”。joke笑话；tear眼泪；memory记忆。故选B。
13.【答案】B。解析：名词辨析。世界正处于“十字路口(crossroads)”。at a crossroads 为固定搭配。distance距离；loss损失；speed速度。故选B。
14.【答案】B。解析：动词辨析。各国必须搁置意识形态分歧，团结“站(stand)”在一起。stand together意为“团结一致”。fight战斗；travel旅行；play玩。故选B。
15.【答案】C。解析：名词辨析。联合国的真正力量在于“我们人民”的“团结(solidarity)”与合作。division分裂；fear恐惧；anger愤怒。故选C。
【题型B：阅读理解 A篇 答案与解析】
16.【答案】C。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“becoming only the fifth woman in history to hold this vital position.”可知，贝尔伯克是历史上第五位担任联大主席的女性，这是其特殊历史意义。故选C。
17.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“She received the ceremonial wooden gavel from her predecessor, symbolizing the orderly transfer of leadership in the ‘parliament of the world’.”可知，木槌象征着世界议会中领导权和权力的有序交接。故选B。
18.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“he warned that the Charter is not self-executing. It requires countries to look beyond their narrow national interests and rebuild trust in one another.”可知，古特雷斯强调《宪章》不会自动生效，它要求各国超越狭隘的国家利益并重建相互信任。故选B。
19.【答案】B。解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“dealing with escalating regional conflicts, worsening climate change, and growing economic inequalities.”可知，世界当前正面临着多个严重且相互关联的危机（冲突、气候、不平等等）。故选B。
【题型C：阅读理解 B篇 答案与解析】
20.【答案】B。解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“This severe financial shortage has forced the organization to freeze hiring, cut back on essential services, and reduce funding for critical peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.”可知，资金短缺直接迫使联合国削减了关键的人道主义救援任务。故选B。
21.【答案】C。解析：细节理解题。根据第三段“Developing countries... make up over 80% of the UN's membership but have very limited representation in the Council's core decision-making process.”可知，安理会被认为结构过时，是因为它的组成无法代表在全球南方国家日益增长的影响力。故选C。
22.【答案】C。解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“China advocates that the reform should prioritize increasing the representation and voice of developing countries.”可知，中国在联合国改革上的主要立场是优先增加发展中国家的代表性和发言权。故选C。
23.【答案】B。解析：推理判断题。文章前三段指出了联合国面临的严重财政危机和结构过时等挑战（Challenged），后两段指出了古特雷斯发起的改革倡议以及中国的支持（reforming）。因此，“面临挑战但正在改革（Challenged but reforming）”最能准确描述现状。故选B。
【题型D：七选五阅读答案与解析】
24.【答案】C。解析：逻辑支撑句。前文提到“批评者认为联合国效率低下且无能为力”。C选项“然而，这种负面的观点完全忽视了联合国不可替代的贡献”形成了强烈的转折，并引出后文“以下是为什么联合国仍然是不可或缺的力量”的论述。故选C。
25.【答案】B。解析：逻辑支撑句。本段的主题是联合国提供了一个对话的平台。B选项“在一个日益分裂的世界中，沟通比以往任何时候都更加重要”正是对此主题的进一步阐释，并与后句“即使在各国存在严重分歧时，联合国也提供了一个中立的空间供外交官谈判”紧密衔接。故选B。
26.【答案】A。解析：细节支撑句。前文提到当灾难或战争发生时，单个国家往往缺乏足够的资源应对。A选项“联合国介入填补了这一空白并组织集体援助”正是对前文问题的解决，并顺理成章引出后文关于世界粮食计划署和联合国儿童基金会提供物资的例子。故选A。
27.【答案】F。解析：逻辑支撑句。本段的主题是联合国制定全球标准和规则。F选项“从环境保护到民用航空，我们需要共同的指导方针”是对需要规则的领域进行了举例，正好引出后文提到的《海洋法公约》、《巴黎协定》等具体规则。故选F。
28.【答案】D。解析：段落主题句（总结过渡）。根据后文“改革安理会、提高财务透明度等都是迫切需要的，但是放弃联合国不是答案”可知，本段是在承认联合国存在问题的前提下强调不能放弃它。D选项“当然，联合国远非完美，需要不断改革”完美概括了本段首句的让步逻辑。故选D。
【题型E：语法填空答案与解析】
29.【答案】has transformed。解析：考查时态。根据时间状语“Over the past 80 years（在过去的80年里）”可知，动作从过去一直持续到现在，并对现在产生影响，应用现在完成时。主语是China，助动词用has。故填has transformed。
30.【答案】to。解析：考查介词。contributor to...意为“对……的贡献者”，此处为固定搭配。故填to。
31.【答案】dangerous。解析：考查形容词。修饰名词regions，应用形容词形式，意为“危险的”。故填dangerous。
32.【答案】boosting。解析：考查非谓语动词。逗号前为完整的句子，中国通过一带一路分享发展机遇，这自然而然地“促进了”全球南方的经济。应用现在分词作结果状语或伴随状语，表示主动关系。故填boosting。
33.【答案】have proposed。解析：考查时态。根据时间副词Recently可知，动作发生在最近，且对现在有影响（提出了四大倡议），应用现在完成时。主语leaders为复数。故填have proposed。（注：此处若填proposed作一般过去时也可接受，但have proposed最佳）。
34.【答案】perfectly。解析：考查副词。修饰动词align（契合），应用副词形式perfectly（完美地）。故填perfectly。
35.【答案】valuable。解析：考查形容词。修饰名词wisdom（智慧），应用形容词形式valuable（有价值的，宝贵的）。故填valuable。
36.【答案】celebrates。解析：考查时态和主谓一致。As引导时间状语从句，陈述今年正在发生的事实，应用一般现在时，主语the UN为单数。故填celebrates。
37.【答案】proudly。解析：考查副词。修饰动词stated（陈述），应用副词形式proudly（自豪地）。故填proudly。
38.【答案】into。解析：考查介词。inject sth. into sth. 意为“把……注入……”，为固定搭配。此处指把正能量注入变化的世界。故填into。2025高考英语热点时文阅读
联合国80华诞，在风雨中重振多边主义
模块一：课前导读与词汇预热
【Topic 话题引言】
2025年，世界反法西斯战争胜利80周年，联合国（United Nations）也迎来了80岁华诞。80年前，先辈们在战火的废墟中满怀“欲免后世再遭战祸”的初心建立了联合国，开启了以国际法为基础的战后秩序。如今，作为全球最具代表性和权威性的国际组织，联合国在维和、减贫、人权等领域成就斐然。然而，面对百年未有之大变局，单边主义（Unilateralism）逆流涌动、地区冲突延宕不决、全球治理赤字扩大，加之内部财政危机与安理会代表性不足，联合国正面临前所未有的严峻挑战。在第80届联大上，“携手共进”与《未来契约》成为重振多边主义的关键。作为创始会员国，中国始终坚定维护联合国核心地位，提出四大全球倡议，在维和出兵、绿色转型及南南合作中挺膺担当，用实际行动向世界证明：唯有团结合作、摒弃“小圈子”政治，人类才能共同迈向更加和平繁荣的未来。
【Word Bank 词汇加油站】
超纲注生词：
1. Multilateralism: (n.) 多边主义（反义词：Unilateralism 单边主义）
2. Charter: (n.) 宪章（The UN Charter《联合国宪章》）
3. Veto: (n./v.) 否决权，否决
4. Solidarity: (n.) 团结，齐心协力
《超强大4500》大纲核心词复习：
1. establish (vt. 建立，确立): establish an organization (建立一个组织)
2. conflict (n./vi. 冲突，抵触): regional conflict (地区冲突)
3. reform (n./v. 改革，改造): push for structural reforms (推动结构性改革)
4. contribution (n. 贡献): make contributions to (对...做出贡献)
5. maintain (vt. 维持，维护): maintain world peace (维护世界和平)
模块二：核心演练区
题型A：完形填空 (Cloze Test)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Eighty years ago, emerging from the terrible destruction of World War II, the United Nations was officially established. Its founders shared a beautiful 1.____: to save future generations from the tragedy of war and to promote global 2.____ and development. Over the past eight decades, the UN has played a(n) 3.____ role in preventing worldwide conflicts, providing humanitarian relief, and fighting against poverty.
However, as the world celebrates its 80th birthday, the organization is facing 4.____ challenges. Regional conflicts continue to break out, causing endless suffering for millions. Meanwhile, the rise of 5.____ behavior by certain powerful countries—such as quitting international treaties and imposing unfair taxes—has severely 6.____ the authority of the UN. Furthermore, a massive shortage of 7.____ has forced the organization to freeze hiring and cut back on essential life-saving programs.
Despite these difficulties, the international community has not given up 8.____. At the 80th UN General Assembly, leaders from around the globe gathered to 9.____ their commitment to the UN Charter. They emphasized that in an interconnected world, no single country can 10.____ global crises like climate change and economic decline alone.
China, as a founding member, has always 11.____ the UN. From sending the most peacekeepers among the permanent members to helping achieve sustainable development goals, China has turned its promises into concrete 12.____.
The world is currently standing at a 13.____. To build a better future, countries must put aside their ideological differences and 14.____ together. After all, the true power of the UN lies in the 15.____ and cooperation of "we the peoples".
1. A. vision B. joke C. excuse D. habit
2. A. competition B. peace C. isolation D. tension
3. A. negative B. temporary C. essential D. unknown
4. A. unprecedented B. traditional C. welcome D. funny
5. A. cooperative B. responsible C. unilateral D. friendly
6. A. strengthened B. damaged C. tested D. recognized
7. A. funds B. rules C. ideas D. staff
8. A. time B. hope C. power D. face
9. A. hide B. question C. abandon D. renew
10. A. ignore B. create C. tackle D. spread
11. A. supported B. criticized C. controlled D. blamed
12. A. jokes B. actions C. tears D. memories
13. A. distance B. crossroads C. loss D. speed
14. A. fight B. stand C. travel D. play
15. A. division B. fear C. solidarity D. anger
题型B：阅读理解 A篇 (Reading Comprehension A)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
On September 10, 2025, the 80th session of the United Nations General Assembly (UNGA) officially opened at the UN Headquarters in New York. The theme for this historic session is "Better together: 80 years and more for peace, development and human rights".
During the opening ceremony, former German Foreign Minister Annalena Baerbock took the oath of office as the President of the 80th UNGA, becoming only the fifth woman in history to hold this vital position. She received the ceremonial wooden gavel (木槌) from her predecessor, symbolizing the orderly transfer of leadership in the "parliament of the world".
UN Secretary-General António Guterres delivered a passionate opening speech. He urged member states to rediscover the determination and solidarity that the founders of the UN demonstrated 80 years ago in San Francisco. "The UN provides the place, and the UN Charter provides the tools," Guterres noted. He emphasized that the recently adopted *Pact for the Future* gives a much-needed boost to the multilateral system. However, he warned that the Charter is not self-executing. It requires countries to look beyond their narrow national interests and rebuild trust in one another.
The 80th session comes at an extremely challenging time for the international community, which is dealing with escalating regional conflicts, worsening climate change, and growing economic inequalities. During the High-Level Week, world leaders will participate in the General Debate to share their perspectives on these pressing global issues. Special summits, including the Climate Summit and discussions on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), are also scheduled to accelerate global action.
As President Baerbock stated in her address, "Our world is indeed suffering, but imagine how much worse that suffering would be without the United Nations."
16. What is the historical significance of Annalena Baerbock's new role
A. She is the youngest person to serve as the UNGA President.
B. She is the first German official to speak at the UN.
C. She is only the fifth woman ever to be elected as the UNGA President.
D. She wrote the original text of the UN Charter 80 years ago.
17. What does the wooden gavel mentioned in paragraph 2 symbolize
A. The start of a new world war.
B. The orderly transfer of leadership and authority.
C. The financial wealth of the United Nations.
D. The punishment for countries that break international laws.
18. According to Guterres, what is required to make the UN Charter effective
A. Countries must prioritize their own national interests above all else.
B. Member states must rebuild trust and overcome narrow national interests.
C. The UN must hire more staff for its headquarters in New York.
D. Developed countries must provide free technology to everyone.
19. What can be inferred about the current state of the world from the passage
A. It is entirely peaceful with no environmental issues.
B. It is facing multiple severe and interconnected global crises.
C. Poverty has been completely eliminated globally.
D. Countries no longer need to rely on international cooperation.
题型C：阅读理解 B篇 (Reading Comprehension B)
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
As the United Nations celebrates its 80th anniversary, the organization finds itself at a critical juncture. While it has achieved remarkable success in preventing another world war and promoting global development, the UN is currently facing severe challenges that threaten its authority and efficiency.
One of the most pressing issues is the financial crisis. As of 2025, many member states have failed to pay their membership dues in full. The US alone owes billions of dollars. This severe financial shortage has forced the organization to freeze hiring, cut back on essential services, and reduce funding for critical peacekeeping and humanitarian missions.
Another major challenge is the structural outdatedness of the UN, particularly the Security Council. Designed in 1945, the Council's composition no longer reflects the reality of the 21st century. Developing countries, often referred to as the "Global South", make up over 80% of the UN's membership but have very limited representation in the Council's core decision-making process. The frequent use of the veto power (否决权) by certain permanent members has also led to paralysis (瘫痪) when dealing with severe regional conflicts.
To address these issues, UN Secretary-General António Guterres launched the "UN 80th Anniversary Initiative," aiming to push for structural reforms, improve administrative efficiency, and optimize programs. He proposed a "dual-track" approach: immediate administrative improvements in the short term, and progressive negotiations for Security Council expansion in the long term.
As the largest developing country and a permanent member of the Security Council, China has actively supported these reform efforts. China advocates that the reform should prioritize increasing the representation and voice of developing countries. Furthermore, China insists on defending the international system with the UN at its core and opposes any actions that attempt to bypass the UN to form exclusive "small circles."
20. What is a direct consequence of the UN's financial shortage
A. The UN has stopped accepting new member states.
B. The UN is forced to cut back on life-saving humanitarian missions.
C. The UN has relocated its headquarters to a cheaper country.
D. The UN relies entirely on private companies for funding.
21. Why is the UN Security Council considered structurally outdated
A. Because it bans the use of modern computer technology in meetings.
B. Because it only allows European countries to join.
C. Because its composition fails to represent the growing influence of the Global South.
D. Because it holds too many unnecessary meetings every week.
22. What is China's main stance on UN reform according to the passage
A. To cancel the veto power of all permanent members immediately.
B. To form exclusive "small circles" outside the UN framework.
C. To increase the representation and voice of developing countries.
D. To reduce the amount of financial support given to the UN.
23. Which phrase best describes the current situation of the United Nations
A. Promising and flawless.
B. Challenged but reforming.
C. Completely paralyzed.
D. Financially independent.
题型D：七选五阅读 (Seven-out-of-Five)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Why the World Still Needs the United Nations
After 80 years of existence, some people question whether the United Nations is still relevant today. With ongoing regional conflicts and global crises, critics argue that the organization is inefficient and powerless. 24.____. Here is why the UN remains an indispensable force for humanity.
First, it provides a universal platform for dialogue. 25.____. Even when nations strongly disagree, the UN offers a neutral space where diplomats can meet, negotiate, and resolve differences peacefully. Without this forum, international misunderstandings could easily escalate into uncontrollable wars.
Second, it coordinates global humanitarian relief. When natural disasters, famines, or wars strike, individual countries often lack the resources to respond adequately. 26.____. Agencies like the World Food Programme and UNICEF provide life-saving food, medicine, and shelter to millions of vulnerable people every year.
Third, it sets global standards and rules. 27.____. Whether it is the Law of the Sea, international human rights declarations, or climate agreements like the Paris Agreement, the UN plays a central role in drafting the rules that keep the modern world functioning smoothly and fairly.
28.____. Reforming the Security Council, improving financial transparency, and adapting to new challenges like artificial intelligence are all urgently needed. However, abandoning the UN is not the answer. As the saying goes, "If the UN did not exist, we would have to invent it."
A. The UN steps in to fill this gap and organizes collective assistance.
B. In an increasingly divided world, communication is more vital than ever.
C. However, such a negative view completely overlooks the UN's irreplaceable contributions.
D. Of course, the United Nations is far from perfect and requires continuous reform.
E. The UN is also responsible for organizing the Olympic Games every four years.
F. From environmental protection to civil aviation, we need common guidelines.
G. Some wealthy countries still refuse to pay their membership dues on time.
题型E：语法填空 (Grammar Blank-filling)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As a founding member of the United Nations, China has always been a firm supporter of the organization's noble cause. Over the past 80 years, China 29.____ (transform) from a mere participant into a leading force in global governance.
In terms of maintaining world peace, China is the second-largest financial contributor 30.____ UN peacekeeping operations. It also sends the most peacekeepers among the permanent members of the Security Council. Chinese "blue helmets" can be seen in some of the most 31.____ (danger) regions, protecting civilians and rebuilding homes.
Regarding global development, China achieved the poverty reduction goal of the UN 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development 10 years ahead of schedule. Through the Belt and Road Initiative, China has shared its development opportunities with over 150 countries, significantly 32.____ (boost) the economies of the Global South.
Recently, facing various global challenges, Chinese leaders 33.____ (propose) the Global Development Initiative, the Global Security Initiative, and the Global Civilization Initiative. These ideas align 34.____ (perfect) with the principles of the UN Charter. They provide 35.____ (value) Chinese wisdom for building a community with a shared future for mankind.
As the UN 36.____ (celebrate) its 80th anniversary this year, China promises to deepen its cooperation with the UN. "We will always stand on the right side of history," a Chinese representative stated 37.____ (proud). It is widely believed that a highly open and responsible China will inject more positive energy 38.____ a changing world.

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