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《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 5 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：主语从句 (Subject Clauses)。在英语中，有的从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，称作名词性从句。复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句必须使用陈述句语序。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
that 引导的主语从句 连词 that 引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有具体的中文词义，仅起连接作用。 位于句首的 that 不可省略。 【注意】单数谓语原则： 主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。 1. That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
（袁隆平实现了培育海水稻的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。） 2. That the earth is round is a fact.
（地球是圆的，这是个事实。）
what 等连接代词引导 连接代词 what, who, which, whatever, whoever 等可以引导主语从句。 它们在从句中不仅起连接作用，还必须充当主语、宾语或表语等成分，且有具体的词义。 【经典辨析】that 与 what： 如果从句结构完整（不缺主宾表），用 that；如果从句缺少主语或宾语，且表示“……的事物”，必须用 what。 1. What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.
（袁隆平真正关心的不是金钱或名誉。——what作cared about的宾语） 2. Whoever is the last to leave should turn off the lights.
（不管谁最后离开都应该关灯。——whoever作从句的主语）
whether 引导的主语从句 连词 whether 意为“是否”，引导主语从句时不充当句子成分，但不能省略。 【易错点】whether 与 if 的区别： 引导主语从句并且放在句首时，只能用 whether，绝对不能用 if。 1. Whether the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
（这种新的化学农药是否有效还有待观察。） 2. Whether she will win the prize is still unknown.
（还不知道她是否能够获奖。）
连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导主语从句，在从句中充当状语（分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因）。 【注意】陈述句语序： 无论用什么引导词，名词性从句必须永远保持陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 1. How this could be done was a good question.
（这如何实现是个好问题。） 2. Why she didn’t show up remains a puzzle.
（她为什么没来依然是个谜。）
It 作形式主语 为了避免主语显得过长，造成“头重脚轻”，通常用 It 作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移到句末。 【常见句型结构】： It is + n. + that... It is + adj. + that... It is + done (如said, believed, reported, estimated) + that... 1. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption comes from Yuan's hybrid strains.
（据估算，目前国内消费的大米有约60%来自袁隆平的杂交品种。） 2. It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream.
（袁隆平实现了他的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. ______ impressed me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Who
2. ______ the research centre is to be set up has not been decided yet.
A. Which B. Where C. What D. That
3. ______ these vegetables can even be planted without any soil through this new technology amazes all of us.
A. Why B. What C. That D. Whether
4. ______ many countries still face food shortages remains a big problem for the world.
A. If B. What C. Whether D. That
5. It is believed by some scientists ______ the long-term use of chemical pesticides can sometimes harm people’s health.
A. which B. what C. that D. how
6. ______ will join in the agricultural research team will be announced tomorrow.
A. Whoever B. Who C. What D. Whom
7. ______ the plan to build an Earth University is to be carried out still needs discussing.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. What
8. ______ Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity, but the well-being of the people.
A. How B. That C. Which D. What
9. ______ we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment safe is an important topic.
A. How B. What C. Where D. Which
10. It is a known fact ______ organic farming has little or no negative impact on the environment.
A. whether B. that C. what D. which
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping is widely known as the "father of hybrid rice". 1.__________ he chose to study agriculture is not difficult to understand. When he was young, he saw people suffering from hunger. 2.__________ worried him most was the severe food shortage in China. He firmly believed 3.__________ the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. It was widely acknowledged 4.__________ his intense effort helped to overcome enormous difficulties. 5.__________ he would succeed or not remained a question at first, but he never gave up his dream.
Today, it is 6.__________ (estimate) that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.__________ (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains. 8.__________ his innovation has helped to feed more people globally is a recognised fact. 9.__________ Yuan really cared about was not money or celebrity. He considered himself a farmer. 10.__________ made him a great scientist was his love and care for all the people in the world.《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 5 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：主语从句 (Subject Clauses)。在英语中，有的从句在复合句中的作用相当于名词，称作名词性从句。复合句中用作主语的从句叫作主语从句。主语从句必须使用陈述句语序。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
that 引导的主语从句 连词 that 引导主语从句时，在从句中不充当任何句子成分，也没有具体的中文词义，仅起连接作用。 位于句首的 that 不可省略。 【注意】单数谓语原则： 主语从句作主语时，主句的谓语动词通常要用单数形式。 1. That Yuan Longping had realised his dream of seawater rice surprised the whole world.
（袁隆平实现了培育海水稻的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。） 2. That the earth is round is a fact.
（地球是圆的，这是个事实。）
what 等连接代词引导 连接代词 what, who, which, whatever, whoever 等可以引导主语从句。 它们在从句中不仅起连接作用，还必须充当主语、宾语或表语等成分，且有具体的词义。 【经典辨析】that 与 what： 如果从句结构完整（不缺主宾表），用 that；如果从句缺少主语或宾语，且表示“……的事物”，必须用 what。 1. What Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity.
（袁隆平真正关心的不是金钱或名誉。——what作cared about的宾语） 2. Whoever is the last to leave should turn off the lights.
（不管谁最后离开都应该关灯。——whoever作从句的主语）
whether 引导的主语从句 连词 whether 意为“是否”，引导主语从句时不充当句子成分，但不能省略。 【易错点】whether 与 if 的区别： 引导主语从句并且放在句首时，只能用 whether，绝对不能用 if。 1. Whether the new chemical pesticide is effective remains to be seen.
（这种新的化学农药是否有效还有待观察。） 2. Whether she will win the prize is still unknown.
（还不知道她是否能够获奖。）
连接副词引导的主语从句 连接副词 when, where, how, why 引导主语从句，在从句中充当状语（分别表示时间、地点、方式、原因）。 【注意】陈述句语序： 无论用什么引导词，名词性从句必须永远保持陈述句语序（主语在前，谓语在后）。 1. How this could be done was a good question.
（这如何实现是个好问题。） 2. Why she didn’t show up remains a puzzle.
（她为什么没来依然是个谜。）
It 作形式主语 为了避免主语显得过长，造成“头重脚轻”，通常用 It 作形式主语，把真正的主语从句移到句末。 【常见句型结构】： It is + n. + that... It is + adj. + that... It is + done (如said, believed, reported, estimated) + that... 1. It is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption comes from Yuan's hybrid strains.
（据估算，目前国内消费的大米有约60%来自袁隆平的杂交品种。） 2. It surprised the whole world that Yuan Longping had realised his dream.
（袁隆平实现了他的梦想，这让全世界都感到惊讶。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. ______ impressed me most was that the hybrid rice enabled farmers to expand their output greatly.
A. What B. That C. Which D. Who
2. ______ the research centre is to be set up has not been decided yet.
A. Which B. Where C. What D. That
3. ______ these vegetables can even be planted without any soil through this new technology amazes all of us.
A. Why B. What C. That D. Whether
4. ______ many countries still face food shortages remains a big problem for the world.
A. If B. What C. Whether D. That
5. It is believed by some scientists ______ the long-term use of chemical pesticides can sometimes harm people’s health.
A. which B. what C. that D. how
6. ______ will join in the agricultural research team will be announced tomorrow.
A. Whoever B. Who C. What D. Whom
7. ______ the plan to build an Earth University is to be carried out still needs discussing.
A. If B. Whether C. That D. What
8. ______ Yuan Longping really cared about was not money or celebrity, but the well-being of the people.
A. How B. That C. Which D. What
9. ______ we can find a suitable solution to produce sufficient food while keeping the environment safe is an important topic.
A. How B. What C. Where D. Which
10. It is a known fact ______ organic farming has little or no negative impact on the environment.
A. whether B. that C. what D. which
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Yuan Longping is widely known as the "father of hybrid rice". 1.__________ he chose to study agriculture is not difficult to understand. When he was young, he saw people suffering from hunger. 2.__________ worried him most was the severe food shortage in China. He firmly believed 3.__________ the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice. It was widely acknowledged 4.__________ his intense effort helped to overcome enormous difficulties. 5.__________ he would succeed or not remained a question at first, but he never gave up his dream.
Today, it is 6.__________ (estimate) that about 60 percent of domestic rice consumption in China is comprised of crops 7.__________ (generate) from Yuan's hybrid strains. 8.__________ his innovation has helped to feed more people globally is a recognised fact. 9.__________ Yuan really cared about was not money or celebrity. He considered himself a farmer. 10.__________ made him a great scientist was his love and care for all the people in the world.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：给我印象最深的是，杂交水稻使农民能够大幅扩大产量。空处引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语，表示“……的事物”，应用 What。
2. B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：研究中心将在哪里设立还没有决定。从句结构完整，但不缺主宾表，结合句意表示“在哪里”，应用 Where。
3. C 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：这些蔬菜甚至可以通过这项新技术在没有任何土壤的情况下种植，这让我们所有人都感到惊奇。从句不缺成分且句意完整，用 That 起单纯的连接作用，不可省略。
4. D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：许多国家仍然面临粮食短缺的问题，这对世界来说仍是一个大问题。从句成分和句意均完整，陈述一个事实，应用 That。
5. C 【解析】考查形式主语。It is believed that...（人们相信……/据信……）是固定句型，It 作形式主语，真正的主语是 that 引导的从句。
6. B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：谁将加入农业研究团队将于明天宣布。空处在从句中作主语，表示“谁”，应用 Who。（由于是疑问语气“谁会加入将被宣布”，who比whoever更适合，whoever表示“无论谁”通常指代一类人，此处指具体的人选）。
7. B 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：建立地球大学的计划是否要执行还需要讨论。引导主语从句表示“是否”，且位于句首，只能用 Whether，不能用 If。
8. D 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：袁隆平真正关心的不是金钱或名声，而是人民的福祉。空处在从句中作 cared about 的宾语，表示“……的事物”，应用 What。
9. A 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：我们如何在保持环境安全的同时找到一个合适的解决方案来生产足够的食物，这是一个重要的课题。根据句意表示“如何”，应用 How 作方式状语。
10. B 【解析】考查形式主语。It is a known fact that... 为固定句型，It为形式主语，真正的主语是从句。从句结构和意义完整，应用 that。
二、语法填空
1. Why 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他为什么选择研究农业，这一点并不难理解。根据句意表示原因，用 Why，置于句首首字母大写。
2. What 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：最让他担心的是中国严重的粮食短缺。引导主语从句并在从句中作主语，表示“……的事情”，用 What，首字母大写。
3. that 【解析】考查宾语从句。He firmly believed... 后面接宾语从句，从句成分和意思均完整，起连接作用填 that。
4. that 【解析】考查主语从句（形式主语）。It was widely acknowledged that... 为固定句型，意为“大家普遍认为……”，It 为形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句。
5. Whether 【解析】考查主语从句。根据后文的 or not 可知表示“是否”，引导主语从句且位于句首，必须用 Whether，首字母大写。
6. estimated 【解析】考查形式主语及被动语态。It is estimated that... 是固定句型，意为“据估算……”，用过去分词 estimated。
7. generated 【解析】考查非谓语动词。crops 与 generate（产生）之间是被动关系，用过去分词 generated 作后置定语，表示“袁隆平杂交品种产出的农作物”。
8. That 【解析】考查主语从句。句意：他的创新帮助全球更多人解决了吃饭问题，这是一个公认的事实。从句不缺成分且句意完整，填 That，首字母大写。
9. What 【解析】考查主语从句。在从句中作 cared about 的宾语，表示“他所关心的事物”，填 What，首字母大写。
10. What 【解析】考查主语从句。在从句中作主语，表示“使他成为一位伟大科学家的事物”，填 What，首字母大写。《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 4 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：动词-ing形式（4）作宾语和表语 (The -ing form as the object and the predicative)。动词-ing形式（动名词）具有名词的属性，在句子中常用来充当宾语（跟在某些动词或介词后面）以及表语（位于连系动词后，解释说明主语的具体内容）。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
动词-ing形式
作动词宾语 英语中有些及物动词或动词短语后面只能接动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式（to do）。 【常考动词速记口诀】： 喜欢(enjoy) 考虑(consider) 不可免(avoid) 停止(finish) 放弃(give up) 太冒险(risk) 反对(mind) 期盼(look forward to) 已完成(finish) 建议(suggest) 承认(admit) 准推延(delay/put off) 1. She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures.
（她喜欢学习不同文化中的肢体语言。） 2. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror.
（专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑。）
动词-ing形式
作介词宾语 介词后面通常需要接名词、代词或动名词。当动词跟在介词后面时，必须变为 -ing 形式。 【易错点】留意带有介词“to”的短语： 常见的“to”作介词（后接-ing）的短语：
look forward to, be/get used to, pay attention to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to 等。 1. Without providing the required personal information, you'd be considered as having given up on the test.
（若未完整填写要求的个人信息，你将被视为弃考。） 2. I strongly object to being treated like a child.
（我强烈反对被当成孩子一样对待。——to为介词）
意义不同的
宾语搭配 有些动词既可接 -ing 形式，也可接 to do 作宾语，但意义截然不同。 【经典辨析】： 1. remember/forget doing (记得/忘记做过某事 - 动作已发生) vs. to do (记得/忘记去做某事 - 动作未发生) 2. regret doing (后悔做过) vs. regret to do (遗憾要去做) 3. mean doing (意味着) vs. mean to do (打算做) 4. try doing (尝试做) vs. try to do (努力做) 1. I remember locking the door.
（我记得锁过门了。——已经锁了）
Please remember to lock the door.
（请记得去锁门。——还没锁） 2. Missing the flight means waiting for another day.
（错过航班意味着要再等一天。）
动词-ing形式
作表语 置于连系动词（如 be, seem, remain 等）之后，用于解释或说明主语的具体内容。 主语和表语通常可以互换位置而句意不变。 【易错点】与进行时的区别： 1. 作表语：主语通常是无生命的事物或抽象概念（如 task, job, idea）。等同于名词。
2. 进行时：主语通常是执行动作的人。等同于谓语动词的一部分。 1. The crucial thing is using body language in a proper way.
（关键是以适当的方式使用肢体语言。——作表语，说明The crucial thing是什么） 2. Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn.
（最终，我的责任是帮助每个学生学习。——作表语） 3. He is helping the students. (他正在帮助学生。——现在进行时)
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. You should avoid ______ this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
2. The main thing for a teacher is ______ distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.
A. to reminding B. reminding C. remind D. reminded
3. Many international students are looking forward to ______ the famous historical sites in Beijing.
A. visit B. visited C. visiting D. be visiting
4. Experts strongly suggest ______ at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
A. smile B. smiling C. to smile D. smiled
5. I deeply regret ______ those harsh words to my best friend when I was angry yesterday.
A. to say B. saying C. say D. said
6. ______ the required personal information, you'd be considered as having given up on the test.
A. Without provided B. Without provide C. Not provide D. Without providing
7. To truly understand a foreign culture means ______ their social customs and body language.
A. learning B. to learn C. learn D. learned
8. The old man is not used to ______ around by others; he prefers to do everything by himself.
A. bossing B. bossed C. being bossed D. be bossing
9. The boy intended to stay at home, but he ended up ______ to the theme park with his friends.
A. going B. to go C. go D. gone
10. Which of the following sentences has a gerund (-ing form) used as a PREDICATIVE (表语)
A. She is reading a novel now.
B. Her hobby is collecting stamps.
C. The running water is clear.
D. I enjoy listening to music.
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language is as important as words in 1.__________ (communicate) with other people. The crucial factor is 2.__________ (recognise) the fact that body language differs from culture to culture. For example, you should avoid 3.__________ (make) the "OK" gesture in Brazil, as it is considered offensive. In some countries, people are used to 4.__________ (stand) very close to each other when talking, while people from other cultures might strongly object to 5.__________ (touch) by strangers.
Therefore, if you mean 6.__________ (build) a good relationship with foreigners, please remember 7.__________ (learn) about their social norms in advance. Instead of 8.__________ (judge) people quickly, you should spend more time 9.__________ (observe) their gestures and facial expressions. After all, the best way to bridge the cultural gap is 10.__________ (understand) and respecting each other's differences.《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 4 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：动词-ing形式（4）作宾语和表语 (The -ing form as the object and the predicative)。动词-ing形式（动名词）具有名词的属性，在句子中常用来充当宾语（跟在某些动词或介词后面）以及表语（位于连系动词后，解释说明主语的具体内容）。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
动词-ing形式
作动词宾语 英语中有些及物动词或动词短语后面只能接动词-ing形式作宾语，不能接动词不定式（to do）。 【常考动词速记口诀】： 喜欢(enjoy) 考虑(consider) 不可免(avoid) 停止(finish) 放弃(give up) 太冒险(risk) 反对(mind) 期盼(look forward to) 已完成(finish) 建议(suggest) 承认(admit) 准推延(delay/put off) 1. She enjoys learning about body language in different cultures.
（她喜欢学习不同文化中的肢体语言。） 2. Experts suggest smiling at yourself in the mirror.
（专家建议对着镜子里的自己微笑。）
动词-ing形式
作介词宾语 介词后面通常需要接名词、代词或动名词。当动词跟在介词后面时，必须变为 -ing 形式。 【易错点】留意带有介词“to”的短语： 常见的“to”作介词（后接-ing）的短语：
look forward to, be/get used to, pay attention to, object to, devote oneself to, stick to 等。 1. Without providing the required personal information, you'd be considered as having given up on the test.
（若未完整填写要求的个人信息，你将被视为弃考。） 2. I strongly object to being treated like a child.
（我强烈反对被当成孩子一样对待。——to为介词）
意义不同的
宾语搭配 有些动词既可接 -ing 形式，也可接 to do 作宾语，但意义截然不同。 【经典辨析】： 1. remember/forget doing (记得/忘记做过某事 - 动作已发生) vs. to do (记得/忘记去做某事 - 动作未发生) 2. regret doing (后悔做过) vs. regret to do (遗憾要去做) 3. mean doing (意味着) vs. mean to do (打算做) 4. try doing (尝试做) vs. try to do (努力做) 1. I remember locking the door.
（我记得锁过门了。——已经锁了）
Please remember to lock the door.
（请记得去锁门。——还没锁） 2. Missing the flight means waiting for another day.
（错过航班意味着要再等一天。）
动词-ing形式
作表语 置于连系动词（如 be, seem, remain 等）之后，用于解释或说明主语的具体内容。 主语和表语通常可以互换位置而句意不变。 【易错点】与进行时的区别： 1. 作表语：主语通常是无生命的事物或抽象概念（如 task, job, idea）。等同于名词。
2. 进行时：主语通常是执行动作的人。等同于谓语动词的一部分。 1. The crucial thing is using body language in a proper way.
（关键是以适当的方式使用肢体语言。——作表语，说明The crucial thing是什么） 2. Ultimately, my duty is helping every student to learn.
（最终，我的责任是帮助每个学生学习。——作表语） 3. He is helping the students. (他正在帮助学生。——现在进行时)
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. You should avoid ______ this gesture in Brazil and Germany, as it is not considered polite.
A. make B. to make C. making D. made
2. The main thing for a teacher is ______ distracted students that they need to pay attention in class.
A. to reminding B. reminding C. remind D. reminded
3. Many international students are looking forward to ______ the famous historical sites in Beijing.
A. visit B. visited C. visiting D. be visiting
4. Experts strongly suggest ______ at yourself in the mirror to make yourself feel happier and stronger.
A. smile B. smiling C. to smile D. smiled
5. I deeply regret ______ those harsh words to my best friend when I was angry yesterday.
A. to say B. saying C. say D. said
6. ______ the required personal information, you'd be considered as having given up on the test.
A. Without provided B. Without provide C. Not provide D. Without providing
7. To truly understand a foreign culture means ______ their social customs and body language.
A. learning B. to learn C. learn D. learned
8. The old man is not used to ______ around by others; he prefers to do everything by himself.
A. bossing B. bossed C. being bossed D. be bossing
9. The boy intended to stay at home, but he ended up ______ to the theme park with his friends.
A. going B. to go C. go D. gone
10. Which of the following sentences has a gerund (-ing form) used as a PREDICATIVE (表语)
A. She is reading a novel now.
B. Her hobby is collecting stamps.
C. The running water is clear.
D. I enjoy listening to music.
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Body language is as important as words in 1.__________ (communicate) with other people. The crucial factor is 2.__________ (recognise) the fact that body language differs from culture to culture. For example, you should avoid 3.__________ (make) the "OK" gesture in Brazil, as it is considered offensive. In some countries, people are used to 4.__________ (stand) very close to each other when talking, while people from other cultures might strongly object to 5.__________ (touch) by strangers.
Therefore, if you mean 6.__________ (build) a good relationship with foreigners, please remember 7.__________ (learn) about their social norms in advance. Instead of 8.__________ (judge) people quickly, you should spend more time 9.__________ (observe) their gestures and facial expressions. After all, the best way to bridge the cultural gap is 10.__________ (understand) and respecting each other's differences.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作宾语。avoid doing sth.（避免做某事）为固定搭配，后面必须接动名词作宾语。
2. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作表语。句意为“对老师来说，主要的事情是提醒注意力不集中的学生……”。主语是 The main thing，后面的动名词短语 reminding... 用于解释主语的具体内容，作表语。
3. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作介词宾语。短语 look forward to 中，to 是介词，其后必须接名词、代词或动名词（visiting）。
4. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作宾语。suggest doing sth.（建议做某事）为固定搭配。不能用 suggest to do。
5. B 【解析】考查意义不同的动词搭配。regret doing sth. 表示“后悔做过某事”（昨天生气时说了伤人的话），动作已经发生；regret to do 表示“遗憾地要去做某事”。
6. D 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作介词宾语。without 是介词，后面接动名词 providing。句意：如果没有提供所需的个人信息……
7. A 【解析】考查意义不同的动词搭配。mean doing sth. 表示“意味着做某事”；mean to do sth. 表示“打算做某事”。根据句意“真正理解一种外国文化意味着要学习他们的社会习俗”，应选 learning。
8. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式的被动语态作介词宾语。be used to 中 to 是介词，后接动名词。老人不习惯“被别人使唤”，需用被动形式 being bossed。
9. A 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作宾语。end up doing sth.（最终/以……而告终）为固定搭配，后接动名词。
10. B 【解析】考查表语和进行时的区别。B项中主语是 Her hobby（她的爱好），is 后面的 collecting stamps 解释爱好的具体内容，是动名词作表语。A项是现在进行时（正在读小说）；C项是现在分词作定语（流水）；D项是动名词作宾语。
二、语法填空
1. communicating 【解析】考查作介词宾语。介词 in 后面接动名词形式 communicating，表示“在与他人交流方面”。
2. recognising/recognizing 【解析】考查作表语。主语是 The crucial factor，连系动词 is 后用动名词形式解释说明关键因素是什么。
3. making 【解析】考查作动词宾语。avoid 后面接动名词 making，意为“避免做……手势”。
4. standing 【解析】考查作介词宾语。be used to doing sth.（习惯于做某事）中 to 是介词，填 standing。
5. being touched 【解析】考查动名词的被动语态作介词宾语。object to（反对）中 to 是介词，且 people 与 touch 之间是被动关系（反对被陌生人碰触），故填 being touched。
6. to build 【解析】考查动词搭配。mean to do sth. 意为“打算/有意做某事”；mean doing 意为“意味着”。此处意为“如果你打算和外国人建立良好关系”，填 to build。
7. to learn 【解析】考查动词搭配。remember to do sth. 意为“记得要去（还没做）”；remember doing 意为“记得做过（已做）”。此处是嘱咐记得去了解，填 to learn。
8. judging 【解析】考查作介词宾语。Instead of 是介词短语，其后接动名词 judging。
9. observing 【解析】考查固定搭配。spend time (in) doing sth.（花费时间做某事），填 observing。
10. understanding 【解析】考查作表语及平行结构。主语是 the best way，连系动词 is 后接表语，且与后面的 respecting 并列，需用动名词 understanding。《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 3 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：动词-ing形式（3）作主语 (The -ing form as the subject)。动词-ing形式（动名词）具有名词的性质，可以在句中充当主语，通常表示已知的事实、一般的经历或习惯性的动作。在表达中，为了保持句子平衡，也常常使用 `it` 作为形式主语。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与结构 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
直接作主语 动词-ing形式直接置于句首作主语，表示一般的、泛指的、习惯性的行为或动作，或表示一件已知的事实。 【注意】主谓一致原则： 单个动词-ing形式（或短语）作主语时，谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 1. Getting here is quite difficult.
（到达这里是相当困难的。） 2. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
（置身于这样一个美丽荒野的地方让我感到活着是种恩赐。）
it 作形式主语 当动词-ing形式构成的短语较长时，为了避免“头重脚轻”，常把真正的主语（动词-ing形式）后置，而在句首使用 It 作形式主语。 【固定句型 1】表示“没有用/没好处/浪费时间”： It is no use / good doing sth. It is a waste of time doing sth. There is no point (in) doing sth. 1. It is no use crying over spilled milk.
（覆水难收/为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。） 2. It is a waste of time arguing with him.
（和他争论是浪费时间。）
常见形容词搭配 结构：It is + 某些形容词 + doing sth. 常用于此结构的形容词有：fun, hard, tiring, challenging, rewarding, fascinating 等。 【语用转换】： It is challenging yet really fascinating hiking through the mountains...
= Hiking through the mountains... is challenging yet really fascinating. 1. It is both challenging and rewarding studying abroad.
（出国留学既充满挑战又令人受益匪浅。） 2. It is fun exploring the vast unknown land.
（探索广阔的未知土地是很有趣的。）
与不定式作主语的区分 1. 动词-ing形式作主语：多表示经常性的、习惯性的、已知的动作或泛指某种行为。 2. 动词不定式（to do）作主语：多表示具体的、一次性的、将来的或带有目的性的动作。 【易错点】平行结构： 在表语或并列句中，前后使用的非谓语动词形式需要保持对称一致。
如：Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) 1. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
（生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。——泛指习惯、真理） 2. To travel to the Arctic next month is my biggest dream.
（下个月去北极旅行是我最大的梦想。——特指将来的某次具体行动）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. ______ in such a beautiful and wild national park makes me feel blessed to be alive.
A. Being B. Be C. To being D. Been
2. It is no use ______ about the unpredictable weather in Sarek National Park. We’d better prepare for the worst.
A. complain B. complaining C. to complain D. complained
3. ______ here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
A. Get B. Getting C. Got D. To getting
4. ______ city life, nature, and wetlands makes Xixi National Wetland Park a popular destination.
A. Combine B. Combined C. Combining D. Combines
5. At Xixi Wetland, ______ a boat tour is at the top of the list of people's favourite activities.
A. taking B. take C. taken D. takes
6. ______ through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.
A. Hike B. Hiked C. Hiking D. Hikes
7. As the old saying goes, ______ without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
A. living B. live C. lived D. to living
8. It is a waste of time ______ to persuade him to join our hiking trip if he hates walking.
A. try B. trying C. to trying D. tried
9. ______ is believing. You have to witness the beauty of nature with your own eyes.
A. See B. Seen C. Seeing D. Saw
10. ______ the environment is everyone's responsibility, and we should protect national parks for every generation to come.
A. Protect B. Protecting C. Protected D. Protects
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Xixi National Wetland Park is the first national wetland park in China. 1.__________ (combine) city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, 2.__________ (take) a boat tour, 3.__________ (walk) along paths, and 4.__________ (experience) local customs are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. 5.__________ (be) in such a beautiful and wild place makes visitors feel blessed to be alive.
It is both challenging and 6.__________ (reward) to study and protect the wetlands. 7.__________ (hire) local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate knowledge of the park's history and culture. Remember that it is no use just 8.__________ (talk) about eco-friendly development; 9.__________ (take) real action is what truly matters. 10.__________ (protect) natural areas and national parks is not just for one generation, but for every generation to come.《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 3 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：动词-ing形式（3）作主语 (The -ing form as the subject)。动词-ing形式（动名词）具有名词的性质，可以在句中充当主语，通常表示已知的事实、一般的经历或习惯性的动作。在表达中，为了保持句子平衡，也常常使用 `it` 作为形式主语。
语法知识讲解
语法点 基本规则与结构 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
直接作主语 动词-ing形式直接置于句首作主语，表示一般的、泛指的、习惯性的行为或动作，或表示一件已知的事实。 【注意】主谓一致原则： 单个动词-ing形式（或短语）作主语时，谓语动词必须使用单数形式。 1. Getting here is quite difficult.
（到达这里是相当困难的。） 2. Being in such a beautiful and wild place makes me feel blessed to be alive.
（置身于这样一个美丽荒野的地方让我感到活着是种恩赐。）
it 作形式主语 当动词-ing形式构成的短语较长时，为了避免“头重脚轻”，常把真正的主语（动词-ing形式）后置，而在句首使用 It 作形式主语。 【固定句型 1】表示“没有用/没好处/浪费时间”： It is no use / good doing sth. It is a waste of time doing sth. There is no point (in) doing sth. 1. It is no use crying over spilled milk.
（覆水难收/为打翻的牛奶哭泣是没用的。） 2. It is a waste of time arguing with him.
（和他争论是浪费时间。）
常见形容词搭配 结构：It is + 某些形容词 + doing sth. 常用于此结构的形容词有：fun, hard, tiring, challenging, rewarding, fascinating 等。 【语用转换】： It is challenging yet really fascinating hiking through the mountains...
= Hiking through the mountains... is challenging yet really fascinating. 1. It is both challenging and rewarding studying abroad.
（出国留学既充满挑战又令人受益匪浅。） 2. It is fun exploring the vast unknown land.
（探索广阔的未知土地是很有趣的。）
与不定式作主语的区分 1. 动词-ing形式作主语：多表示经常性的、习惯性的、已知的动作或泛指某种行为。 2. 动词不定式（to do）作主语：多表示具体的、一次性的、将来的或带有目的性的动作。 【易错点】平行结构： 在表语或并列句中，前后使用的非谓语动词形式需要保持对称一致。
如：Seeing is believing. (眼见为实) 1. Living without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
（生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。——泛指习惯、真理） 2. To travel to the Arctic next month is my biggest dream.
（下个月去北极旅行是我最大的梦想。——特指将来的某次具体行动）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. ______ in such a beautiful and wild national park makes me feel blessed to be alive.
A. Being B. Be C. To being D. Been
2. It is no use ______ about the unpredictable weather in Sarek National Park. We’d better prepare for the worst.
A. complain B. complaining C. to complain D. complained
3. ______ here is quite difficult, so apart from the Sami very few people have ever seen Sarek.
A. Get B. Getting C. Got D. To getting
4. ______ city life, nature, and wetlands makes Xixi National Wetland Park a popular destination.
A. Combine B. Combined C. Combining D. Combines
5. At Xixi Wetland, ______ a boat tour is at the top of the list of people's favourite activities.
A. taking B. take C. taken D. takes
6. ______ through the mountains in the pathless Sarek is challenging yet really fascinating.
A. Hike B. Hiked C. Hiking D. Hikes
7. As the old saying goes, ______ without an aim is like sailing without a compass.
A. living B. live C. lived D. to living
8. It is a waste of time ______ to persuade him to join our hiking trip if he hates walking.
A. try B. trying C. to trying D. tried
9. ______ is believing. You have to witness the beauty of nature with your own eyes.
A. See B. Seen C. Seeing D. Saw
10. ______ the environment is everyone's responsibility, and we should protect national parks for every generation to come.
A. Protect B. Protecting C. Protected D. Protects
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式。
Xixi National Wetland Park is the first national wetland park in China. 1.__________ (combine) city life, nature, and wetlands makes the park a popular destination both for tourists and local residents. At Xixi, 2.__________ (take) a boat tour, 3.__________ (walk) along paths, and 4.__________ (experience) local customs are at the top of the list of people’s favourite activities. 5.__________ (be) in such a beautiful and wild place makes visitors feel blessed to be alive.
It is both challenging and 6.__________ (reward) to study and protect the wetlands. 7.__________ (hire) local guides is strongly advised, because they can offer accurate knowledge of the park's history and culture. Remember that it is no use just 8.__________ (talk) about eco-friendly development; 9.__________ (take) real action is what truly matters. 10.__________ (protect) natural areas and national parks is not just for one generation, but for every generation to come.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. A 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：置身于这样一个美丽荒野的国家公园让我感到活着是种恩赐。谓语动词是 makes，前面整个部分为主语，填动名词 Being。
2. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式。固定句型 It is no use doing sth. 意为“做某事是没用的”。It 作形式主语，真正的动名词主语 complaining 后置。
3. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：到达这里相当困难…… 动词原形不能直接作主语，此处表一般情况，用动名词 Getting。
4. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：将城市生活、自然和湿地结合起来，使得西溪国家湿地公园成为一个热门目的地。谓语是 makes，前面应用动名词短语 Combining... 作主语。
5. A 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：在西溪，乘船游览位居人们最喜爱活动的榜首。句子谓语是 is，主语应用 taking a boat tour。
6. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：在没有路的萨勒克山区徒步旅行是充满挑战却又十分迷人的。动名词 Hiking 作主语。
7. A 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句子结构为 ... is like ...，主语和宾语应保持平行对称，sailing 是动名词，所以主语也用 living。句意：生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。
8. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式。固定句型 It is a waste of time doing sth. 意为“做某事是浪费时间”，填 trying。
9. C 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。固定谚语 Seeing is believing（眼见为实）。表语用的是 believing，主语必须对称使用动名词 Seeing。
10. B 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：保护环境是每个人的责任。动词原形 Protect 不能作主语，应用动名词 Protecting。
二、语法填空
1. Combining 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。动名词短语“将城市生活、自然和湿地结合起来”作句子的主语，谓语是 makes，首字母需大写。
2. taking 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。乘船游览（taking a boat tour）、沿小径散步和体验当地习俗是并列的主语。
3. walking 【解析】考查动词-ing形式。与 taking, experiencing 构成并列结构，共同作句子的主语。
4. experiencing 【解析】考查动词-ing形式。与前文 taking, walking 并列作主语。
5. Being 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：置身于这样美丽荒野的地方…… 谓语动词为 makes，首字母大写。
6. rewarding 【解析】考查形容词（由现在分词转化）。与 challenging 并列，作表语，意为“令人受益匪浅的”。
7. Hiring 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。雇佣当地向导（Hiring local guides）作主语，谓语是被动语态 is strongly advised，首字母大写。
8. talking 【解析】考查动词-ing形式。It is no use doing sth. 是固定句式，意为“仅仅谈论环保发展是没用的”。
9. taking 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。句意：采取实际行动才是真正重要的。taking real action 作主语，谓语是 is，首字母大写。
10. Protecting 【解析】考查动词-ing形式作主语。保护自然区域和国家公园作主语，谓语是 is not just...，首字母大写。《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 2 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：将来进行时（The future progressive tense）。将来进行时主要表示在将来某一特定时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，或者表示根据计划或安排在将来预计会发生的动作。
语法知识讲解
句型结构 基本构成 重点提示 / 常见标志词 例句及翻译
肯定句与否定句 肯定句：主语 + will / shall be doing + 其他 否定句：主语 + will / shall not be doing + 其他 【注意】人称使用： 在现代英语中，无论什么人称，通常都使用 will，shall 主要用于第一人称（I / we）。 1. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day...
（在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术……——肯定句） 2. I will not be taking a nap at that time.
（那个时候我不会在睡觉。——否定句）
疑问句及其回答 一般疑问句：Will / Shall + 主语 + be doing + 其他 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will / shall + 主语 + be doing 【答语】： Yes, 主语 + will/shall.
No, 主语 + won't/shan't. 1. Will you be having dinner with your family
（你将会和家人一起吃晚饭吗？） 2. What will people be doing in fifty years
（五十年后人们会在做什么？）
用法 1：将来正在进行 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 【常见时间状语】： at this time tomorrow (明天这个时候) at 8:00 tomorrow morning (明早8点) between 12:30 and 13:00 (在12点半到1点之间) this time next week (下周这个时候) 1. Don’t call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I will be taking a nap.
（12:30到13:00之间别给我打电话，那时我正在午睡。） 2. At 4:30, they will be playing soccer.
（在4点半的时候，他们将正在踢足球。）
用法 2：预计或安排 表示按计划或安排在将来预计会发生的动作。 此时常显得比一般将来时更委婉、自然，带有顺理成章的意味。 【语用对比】： “Will you stay for lunch ” 带有邀请的意图； “Will you be staying for lunch ” 只是纯粹地询问对方的计划，语气更为委婉客观。 1. The train will be leaving in a minute.
（火车很快就要开了。——表示预计很快发生的动作） 2. I will be seeing him this afternoon. I will tell him then.
（我今天下午会见到他。到时我会告诉他的。——顺理成章的安排）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Don’t call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I ______ a nap in my bedroom.
A. take B. will take C. will be taking D. have taken
2. — If you see David, can you ask him to call me
— Sure. I ______ him this afternoon. I will tell him then.
A. saw B. will be seeing C. have seen D. see
3. Do you think you ______ the same job in ten years’ time
A. will still be doing B. are still doing C. still do D. have still done
4. If you need to contact me, I ______ at the Waterfall Hotel until this Saturday.
A. stay B. stayed C. will be staying D. have stayed
5. — Is it all right if I come at about 7:00
— Not really. I ______ the news and having dinner with my family.
A. watch B. will watch C. watched D. will be watching
6. Please wait a moment. The manager ______ you shortly.
A. will be seeing B. saw C. has seen D. sees
7. The train to Beijing ______ in a minute. Please board the train quickly.
A. leaves B. will be leaving C. has left D. left
8. What ______ you ______ at this time tomorrow Let's go to the cinema together.
A. will; do B. are; doing C. will; be doing D. have; done
9. In the future, we ______ advanced technology every day for automatic control of our home.
A. will be using B. are using C. used D. have used
10. I can't attend the meeting at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow because I ______ a lecture at the university.
A. give B. will give C. will be giving D. gave
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the future, our life will change greatly. Thirty years from now, many people 1.__________ (live) in smart homes. Advanced technology will be used every day for automatic control of just about everything. The moment you enter the house, the lights will come on 2.__________ (automatic). You won't need to worry about housework because domestic robots will be 3.__________ (do) all the cleaning for you.
Also, big data will become much 4.__________ (important) in our lives. Many smart devices can provide 5.__________ (relevance) information and instant feedback. 6.__________ is possible that this technological fantasy will come true in the near future.
What 7.__________ people be doing then They will be enjoying more free time. For example, some people will be travelling in space, 8.__________ (explore) the universe. It is certain that new 9.__________ (innovation) will make our life easier and 10.__________ (convenient). But we should also be prepared for the challenges they might bring.《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 2 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：将来进行时（The future progressive tense）。将来进行时主要表示在将来某一特定时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作，或者表示根据计划或安排在将来预计会发生的动作。
语法知识讲解
句型结构 基本构成 重点提示 / 常见标志词 例句及翻译
肯定句与否定句 肯定句：主语 + will / shall be doing + 其他 否定句：主语 + will / shall not be doing + 其他 【注意】人称使用： 在现代英语中，无论什么人称，通常都使用 will，shall 主要用于第一人称（I / we）。 1. In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day...
（在未来，我们每天都会使用先进技术……——肯定句） 2. I will not be taking a nap at that time.
（那个时候我不会在睡觉。——否定句）
疑问句及其回答 一般疑问句：Will / Shall + 主语 + be doing + 其他 特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will / shall + 主语 + be doing 【答语】： Yes, 主语 + will/shall.
No, 主语 + won't/shan't. 1. Will you be having dinner with your family
（你将会和家人一起吃晚饭吗？） 2. What will people be doing in fifty years
（五十年后人们会在做什么？）
用法 1：将来正在进行 表示在将来某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。 【常见时间状语】： at this time tomorrow (明天这个时候) at 8:00 tomorrow morning (明早8点) between 12:30 and 13:00 (在12点半到1点之间) this time next week (下周这个时候) 1. Don’t call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I will be taking a nap.
（12:30到13:00之间别给我打电话，那时我正在午睡。） 2. At 4:30, they will be playing soccer.
（在4点半的时候，他们将正在踢足球。）
用法 2：预计或安排 表示按计划或安排在将来预计会发生的动作。 此时常显得比一般将来时更委婉、自然，带有顺理成章的意味。 【语用对比】： “Will you stay for lunch ” 带有邀请的意图； “Will you be staying for lunch ” 只是纯粹地询问对方的计划，语气更为委婉客观。 1. The train will be leaving in a minute.
（火车很快就要开了。——表示预计很快发生的动作） 2. I will be seeing him this afternoon. I will tell him then.
（我今天下午会见到他。到时我会告诉他的。——顺理成章的安排）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Don’t call me between 12:30 and 13:00. I ______ a nap in my bedroom.
A. take B. will take C. will be taking D. have taken
2. — If you see David, can you ask him to call me
— Sure. I ______ him this afternoon. I will tell him then.
A. saw B. will be seeing C. have seen D. see
3. Do you think you ______ the same job in ten years’ time
A. will still be doing B. are still doing C. still do D. have still done
4. If you need to contact me, I ______ at the Waterfall Hotel until this Saturday.
A. stay B. stayed C. will be staying D. have stayed
5. — Is it all right if I come at about 7:00
— Not really. I ______ the news and having dinner with my family.
A. watch B. will watch C. watched D. will be watching
6. Please wait a moment. The manager ______ you shortly.
A. will be seeing B. saw C. has seen D. sees
7. The train to Beijing ______ in a minute. Please board the train quickly.
A. leaves B. will be leaving C. has left D. left
8. What ______ you ______ at this time tomorrow Let's go to the cinema together.
A. will; do B. are; doing C. will; be doing D. have; done
9. In the future, we ______ advanced technology every day for automatic control of our home.
A. will be using B. are using C. used D. have used
10. I can't attend the meeting at 9:00 a.m. tomorrow because I ______ a lecture at the university.
A. give B. will give C. will be giving D. gave
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
In the future, our life will change greatly. Thirty years from now, many people 1.__________ (live) in smart homes. Advanced technology will be used every day for automatic control of just about everything. The moment you enter the house, the lights will come on 2.__________ (automatic). You won't need to worry about housework because domestic robots will be 3.__________ (do) all the cleaning for you.
Also, big data will become much 4.__________ (important) in our lives. Many smart devices can provide 5.__________ (relevance) information and instant feedback. 6.__________ is possible that this technological fantasy will come true in the near future.
What 7.__________ people be doing then They will be enjoying more free time. For example, some people will be travelling in space, 8.__________ (explore) the universe. It is certain that new 9.__________ (innovation) will make our life easier and 10.__________ (convenient). But we should also be prepared for the challenges they might bring.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. C 【解析】考查将来进行时。根据时间状语 between 12:30 and 13:00 可知，表示在将来的某段时间内正在发生的动作，应用将来进行时（will be taking）。
2. B 【解析】考查将来进行时。表示按计划或顺理成章在将来会发生的动作，语气委婉自然，用 will be seeing。
3. A 【解析】考查将来进行时。时间状语为 in ten years' time (十年后)，表示十年后将正在做同一份工作，应用 will still be doing。
4. C 【解析】考查将来进行时。表示从现在直到这周六这段将来时间内持续进行的动作或状态，用 will be staying。
5. D 【解析】考查将来进行时。根据语境“七点钟我来行吗？不太行。”可知，明天七点时我“将正在”看新闻和吃晚饭，应用 will be watching。
6. A 【解析】考查将来进行时。shortly 意为“不久，很快”，表示预料中很快就会发生的事情，用 will be seeing 显得委婉客气。
7. B 【解析】考查将来进行时。in a minute 表示“马上，立刻”，The train will be leaving 意为“火车马上就要开了”，表示预计即将发生的动作。
8. C 【解析】考查将来进行时。时间状语 at this time tomorrow 表示“明天这个时候”，提问在将来的特定时刻正在做什么，应用 What will you be doing。
9. A 【解析】考查将来进行时。In the future 提示是将来的事情，we will be using advanced technology 表示未来每天都将处于使用先进科技的状态中。
10. C 【解析】考查将来进行时。明早9点不能参加会议，因为那时“将正在”做讲座，应用 will be giving。
二、语法填空
1. will be living 【解析】考查将来进行时。Thirty years from now (三十年后) 标志着将来的时间，描述未来人们的生活状态，用将来进行时 will be living。
2. automatically 【解析】考查副词。修饰动词短语 come on (亮起)，需用副词形式 automatically (自动地)。
3. doing 【解析】考查将来进行时。前面已有 will be，构成将来进行时 will be doing，表示机器人将包揽所有的清洁工作。
4. more important 【解析】考查形容词比较级。much 用来修饰比较级，表示“变得重要得多”，填 more important。
5. relevant 【解析】考查形容词。修饰名词 information，需用形容词形式 relevant (相关的)。
6. It 【解析】考查形式主语。It is possible that... 为固定句型，It 作形式主语，that 引导真正的主语从句，句首字母需大写。
7. will 【解析】考查将来进行时。句型为特殊疑问句：疑问词 + will + 主语 + be doing 表示“那时人们将会在做什么？”
8. exploring 【解析】考查非谓语动词。主语 people 与 explore 之间为主动关系，用现在分词 exploring 作伴随状语。
9. innovations 【解析】考查名词复数。innovation (创新) 在此处作为可数名词，泛指各种新的科技创新，前面没有限定词时用复数形式 innovations。
10. more convenient 【解析】考查形容词比较级。与前面的 easier 并列，共同作 make our life 的宾语补足语，需用比较级 more convenient。《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：非限制性定语从句（Non-restrictive relative clauses）。非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，如果不包含这一从句，主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
who / whom / whose 引导 先行词指人时使用。 who 在从句中作主语或宾语；whom 作宾语；whose 表所属关系，作定语。 【易错点】与限制性定语从句的区别： 非限制性定语从句中，指人的引导词绝对不能用 that 替换，且作宾语时一般不可省略。 1. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin.
（这本书讲述了亚历山大·弗莱明的故事，他发现了青霉素。） 2. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
（我们无法帮助琳达，她的境况超出了我们的控制。）
which 引导 先行词指物时使用。 which 还可以用来指代前面整个主句或主句中的一部分内容，在从句中作主语或宾语。 【注意】指代整个句子的翻译： 当 which 指代整个主句时，常译为“这一点，这件事”。 【注意】绝不可用that：逗号后指物只能用which。 1. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours...
（屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣誉之一。） 2. He failed the exam, which disappointed his parents.
（他考试不及格，这让他的父母很失望。——which指代他考试不及格这件事）
when / where 引导 先行词分别指时间或地点。 在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。 【易错点】判断从句成分： 即便先行词是时间或地点，如果从句中缺主语或宾语，仍需用 which 而不是 when/where。 1. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
（屠呦呦去了疟疾更为多发的海南，去研究疟疾患者。） 2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
（后来，爱因斯坦不得不逃离德国，当时希特勒在那里掌权。）
代词/数词/介词 + 关系代词 表示部分与整体的关系时，常用“不定代词/数词/表示部分的名词 + of + whom / which”的结构。 【规则变化】常用结构： some / many / most / none / all / both / half + of + which (指物) / whom (指人)。 注意不能用 them 或 that 代替。 1. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
（后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，其中大多数人都康复了。） 2. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments, many of which showed promise.
（他们测试了数百种中医疗法，其中许多展现出了希望。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ______ is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
2. We were very impressed by the old man, ______ was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
3. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, ______ Hitler was in power.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of ______ recovered completely.
A. which B. whom C. them D. that
5. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, ______ circumstances are beyond our control.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. of which
6. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei, ______ was born in Guangzhou, China.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
7. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, ______ discovered penicillin.
A. which B. he C. who D. that
8. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments, many of ______ showed promise in the fight against the disease.
A. them B. which C. whom D. that
9. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling, ______ inspired us a lot.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
10. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ______ malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou, 1.__________ was born in 1930, is a highly respected Chinese scientist. She committed herself to medical research and succeeded in discovering artemisinin, 2.__________ is a crucial medicine for treating malaria. In 1969, she became the head of a research team, 3.__________ goal was to find a cure for the deadly disease.
To achieve this, Tu Youyou and her team went to Hainan, 4.__________ malaria was extremely common. They tested hundreds of traditional Chinese medical treatments, some of 5.__________ showed promise. She also carefully analysed ancient medical texts, one of 6.__________ suggested using sweet wormwood extract. After numerous failures, they finally extracted the effective substance, 7.__________ (save) millions of lives globally. Later, the medicine was tested on patients, most of 8.__________ recovered quickly.
In 2015, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, 9.__________ is widely acknowledged as one of the highest international honours. She has set a brilliant example for scientists all over the world, without 10.__________ our society could not make such remarkable progress.《人教版·英语选择性必修 第一册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元核心语法点为：非限制性定语从句（Non-restrictive relative clauses）。非限制性定语从句是对先行词的附加说明，如果不包含这一从句，主句的意思仍然完整。它与主句之间通常用逗号隔开，且不能用that引导。
语法知识讲解
语法点 定义与句法功能 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及翻译
who / whom / whose 引导 先行词指人时使用。 who 在从句中作主语或宾语；whom 作宾语；whose 表所属关系，作定语。 【易错点】与限制性定语从句的区别： 非限制性定语从句中，指人的引导词绝对不能用 that 替换，且作宾语时一般不可省略。 1. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, who discovered penicillin.
（这本书讲述了亚历山大·弗莱明的故事，他发现了青霉素。） 2. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, whose circumstances are beyond our control.
（我们无法帮助琳达，她的境况超出了我们的控制。）
which 引导 先行词指物时使用。 which 还可以用来指代前面整个主句或主句中的一部分内容，在从句中作主语或宾语。 【注意】指代整个句子的翻译： 当 which 指代整个主句时，常译为“这一点，这件事”。 【注意】绝不可用that：逗号后指物只能用which。 1. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, which is considered one of the highest international honours...
（屠呦呦被授予诺贝尔奖，这被认为是一个人能获得的最高国际荣誉之一。） 2. He failed the exam, which disappointed his parents.
（他考试不及格，这让他的父母很失望。——which指代他考试不及格这件事）
when / where 引导 先行词分别指时间或地点。 在从句中分别作时间状语和地点状语。 【易错点】判断从句成分： 即便先行词是时间或地点，如果从句中缺主语或宾语，仍需用 which 而不是 when/where。 1. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, where malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
（屠呦呦去了疟疾更为多发的海南，去研究疟疾患者。） 2. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, where Hitler was in power.
（后来，爱因斯坦不得不逃离德国，当时希特勒在那里掌权。）
代词/数词/介词 + 关系代词 表示部分与整体的关系时，常用“不定代词/数词/表示部分的名词 + of + whom / which”的结构。 【规则变化】常用结构： some / many / most / none / all / both / half + of + which (指物) / whom (指人)。 注意不能用 them 或 that 代替。 1. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of whom recovered.
（后来，这种药物在疟疾患者身上进行了测试，其中大多数人都康复了。） 2. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments, many of which showed promise.
（他们测试了数百种中医疗法，其中许多展现出了希望。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, ______ is considered one of the highest international honours a person can receive.
A. that B. which C. who D. what
2. We were very impressed by the old man, ______ was not willing to acknowledge defeat.
A. who B. whose C. whom D. that
3. Afterwards, Einstein had to flee Germany, ______ Hitler was in power.
A. when B. which C. where D. that
4. Later, the medicine was tested on malaria patients, most of ______ recovered completely.
A. which B. whom C. them D. that
5. There is nothing we can do to help Linda, ______ circumstances are beyond our control.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. of which
6. The building under construction was designed by I.M. Pei, ______ was born in Guangzhou, China.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
7. The book tells us about Alexander Fleming, ______ discovered penicillin.
A. which B. he C. who D. that
8. They tested hundreds of Chinese medical treatments, many of ______ showed promise in the fight against the disease.
A. them B. which C. whom D. that
9. The teacher asked us to listen to a speech by his favourite novelist, J.K. Rowling, ______ inspired us a lot.
A. which B. who C. whom D. whose
10. Tu Youyou went to Hainan, ______ malaria was more common, to study malaria patients.
A. which B. when C. where D. that
二、语法填空：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Tu Youyou, 1.__________ was born in 1930, is a highly respected Chinese scientist. She committed herself to medical research and succeeded in discovering artemisinin, 2.__________ is a crucial medicine for treating malaria. In 1969, she became the head of a research team, 3.__________ goal was to find a cure for the deadly disease.
To achieve this, Tu Youyou and her team went to Hainan, 4.__________ malaria was extremely common. They tested hundreds of traditional Chinese medical treatments, some of 5.__________ showed promise. She also carefully analysed ancient medical texts, one of 6.__________ suggested using sweet wormwood extract. After numerous failures, they finally extracted the effective substance, 7.__________ (save) millions of lives globally. Later, the medicine was tested on patients, most of 8.__________ recovered quickly.
In 2015, Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize, 9.__________ is widely acknowledged as one of the highest international honours. She has set a brilliant example for scientists all over the world, without 10.__________ our society could not make such remarkable progress.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the Nobel Prize（物），在非限制性定语从句中作主语，且逗号后不能用that，只能用which。故选B。
2. A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the old man（人），在从句中作主语，逗号后非限制性定语从句指人作主语用who。故选A。
3. C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Germany（地点），在从句中作地点状语（Hitler was in power in Germany），应用关系副词where。故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查“代词+介词+关系代词”。先行词是malaria patients（人），介词of后指人必须用whom，不能用them（否则构成两个独立的句子而无连词）。故选B。
5. C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Linda，在从句中作circumstances的定语，表示“琳达的境况”，表所属关系应用whose。故选C。
6. B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是I.M. Pei（贝聿铭，人），在从句中作主语，应用who。故选B。
7. C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Alexander Fleming（人），在从句中作主语，应用who，不能用he（缺少连接词）。故选C。
8. B 【解析】考查“代词+介词+关系代词”。先行词是treatments（疗法，指物），介词of之后指物只能用which。故选B。
9. B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是J.K. Rowling（人），在从句中作主语，应用who（或指代前面的speech用which，但根据教材原句及逻辑，指代人J.K. Rowling启发了我们），教材出处使用who最为直接。故选B（若理解为speech启发了我们则选which，但教材强调作家的演讲或作家本人，此处以who指代作家本人）。
10. C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Hainan（地点），在从句中作地点状语，表示“在那里疟疾更为普遍”，应用where。故选C。
二、语法填空
1. who 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Tu Youyou（人），在从句中作主语，用who。
2. which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是artemisinin（青蒿素，物），在从句中作主语，用which。
3. whose 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是a research team，从句表示“这个团队的目标”，作定语表所属关系，填whose。
4. where 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是Hainan，在从句中作地点状语，填where。
5. which 【解析】考查代词+介词+关系代词。先行词是treatments（物），介词of后指物填which。
6. which 【解析】考查代词+介词+关系代词。先行词是ancient medical texts（物），介词of后填which。
7. saving 【解析】考查非谓语动词作结果状语。前文提到的动作自然而然导致的结果，且主语与save之间为主动关系，用现在分词saving。
8. whom 【解析】考查代词+介词+关系代词。先行词是patients（人），介词of后指人填whom。
9. which 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词是the Nobel Prize（物），在从句中作主语，非限制性定语从句中指物且作主语用which。
10. whom 【解析】考查介词+关系代词。先行词是scientists（人），介词without提前，其后指人只能填whom。

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