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《冀教版·英语必修 第二册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元的主题是“家庭 (Family)”。在描述我们的家庭成员、讲述家庭聚会的故事以及表达对亲人的敬意时，我们经常需要对人物进行详细的修饰和限定。本单元的核心语法点是：定语从句 —— 关系代词 who, whom 和 whose 的用法 (Attributive clauses with "who", "whom" and "whose")。准确掌握这些指代“人”或表示“所属关系”的关系词，能使我们在讲述关于人物的话题时表达更加流畅和高级。
语法知识讲解
关系代词 句法功能与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及解析 (结合单元语境)
who 先行词必须是人。 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语（作宾语时在口语中可省略或用 whom 代替）。 【主谓一致】： 当 who 在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 1. Helen is a caring girl who always helps her father.
（海伦是一个总是帮父亲忙的体贴女孩。——作主语） 2. The relative who we visited yesterday is my uncle.
（我们昨天拜访的亲戚是我叔叔。——作宾语）
whom 先行词必须是人。 在定语从句中只能作宾语（动词宾语或介词宾语）。 【介词提前】： 如果关系代词作介词的宾语，且把介词提前放在关系代词之前，则只能用 whom，绝不能用 who 或 that。 1. The person whom I admire most in my family is my grandfather.
（在家里我最钦佩的人是我祖父。——作动词宾语） 2. Family members are the people on whom we can always depend.
（家人是我们永远可以依赖的人。——作介词on的宾语）
whose 先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。 在定语从句中作定语，表示“……的 (whose + 名词)”。 【解题技巧】： 当发现先行词与定语从句中紧跟的名词存在所属关系（即A的B）时，应果断选择 whose。 1. I have a younger sister whose dream is to become a doctor.
（我有一个梦想是成为医生的妹妹。——指人：妹妹的梦想） 2. This is a family whose values deeply inspired me.
（这是一个其价值观深深启发了我的家庭。——指物：家庭的价值观）
who/whom/that
的互换与省略 1. 作宾语时，指代人的 who, whom, that 通常可以互换，并且在限制性定语从句中可以省略。 2. 介词提前时，不可省略，且只能用 whom。 【易错辨析】： The man who/whom/that I saw... (正确，可省略) The man to whom I spoke... (正确，不可省略，不可替换) 1. The boy (who/whom/that) you met at the family gathering is my cousin.
（你在家庭聚会上遇见的那个男孩是我表哥。） 2. The uncle with whom I travelled to Beijing is very humorous.
（和我一起去北京旅游的那个叔叔非常幽默。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Helen is a caring and supportive girl ______ always shares the housework with her parents.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
2. The man to ______ Helen's father was talking happily is my uncle.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
3. I admire my grandfather, ______ wisdom has guided me through many difficulties in my life.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
4. Close family members are the people on ______ we can always depend when we are in trouble.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
5. A mother is someone ______ love for her children is unconditional and endless.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
6. All the relatives ______ came to our family gathering last night brought many wonderful gifts.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
7. The boy ______ you saw reading a book in the living room just now is my younger brother.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. what
8. Anyone ______ breaks the family rules should be punished, but always with love and patience.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
9. I will never forget the old lady from ______ I received so much care and warmth during my childhood.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
10. Tomorrow we are going to visit the teacher ______ son is studying abroad.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
11. He is the only student in our class ______ father is a famous writer.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
12. The person with ______ I am working on the family tree project is my cousin.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
13. I have many friends, some of ______ attended my family's New Year party.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. them
14. Families ______ members communicate openly tend to be much happier.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
15. The children ______ are playing in the yard are my nephews and nieces.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
16. The parents to ______ I spoke yesterday agreed with my educational methods.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
17. She is a lovely girl ______ smile can light up the whole room.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
18. Those ______ wish to join the family trip should sign up before Friday.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
19. The man, ______ is my uncle, will come to visit us tomorrow.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
20. I met a woman ______ husband works in the same company as my father.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
二、语法填空（篇章一）：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的关系代词 (who, whom, whose, that)。
My grandparents, 1.__________ live in the countryside, are the people 2.__________ I love most. My grandfather, 3.__________ used to be a teacher, is a very wise man. The students to 4.__________ he taught English still visit him every year. My grandmother is a kind woman 5.__________ cooking skills are amazing. Anyone 6.__________ tastes her food will love it immediately.
Yesterday, I met a boy 7.__________ father is my grandfather's former student. The boy, 8.__________ I had never met before, told me many interesting stories about his father and my grandfather. I feel lucky to have a family 9.__________ members love each other deeply. The relatives with 10.__________ we celebrate festivals always bring joy to our lives.
三、语法填空（篇章二）：阅读下面关于家庭旅行的短文，在空白处填入适当的关系代词 (who, whom, whose, that)。
Last summer, my family went on a trip to Beijing. The tour guide 1.__________ showed us around was a young man 2.__________ name was Li Hua. He introduced us to many local people, some of 3.__________ were traditional artists. We met an old man 4.__________ made beautiful kites.
The man, to 5.__________ my father spoke for a long time, taught us how to make a kite. My younger sister, 6.__________ is only five years old, also made a small kite successfully. The tourists with 7.__________ we travelled were very friendly. There was a lady 8.__________ daughter was the same age as my sister. The two girls, 9.__________ quickly became good friends, played together happily. It was a wonderful trip for everyone 10.__________ participated.《冀教版·英语必修 第二册》UNIT 1 重点语法知识归纳
本单元的主题是“家庭 (Family)”。在描述我们的家庭成员、讲述家庭聚会的故事以及表达对亲人的敬意时，我们经常需要对人物进行详细的修饰和限定。本单元的核心语法点是：定语从句 —— 关系代词 who, whom 和 whose 的用法 (Attributive clauses with "who", "whom" and "whose")。准确掌握这些指代“人”或表示“所属关系”的关系词，能使我们在讲述关于人物的话题时表达更加流畅和高级。
语法知识讲解
关系代词 句法功能与用法 重点提示 / 易错点 例句及解析 (结合单元语境)
who 先行词必须是人。 在定语从句中充当主语或宾语（作宾语时在口语中可省略或用 whom 代替）。 【主谓一致】： 当 who 在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的单复数必须与先行词保持一致。 1. Helen is a caring girl who always helps her father.
（海伦是一个总是帮父亲忙的体贴女孩。——作主语） 2. The relative who we visited yesterday is my uncle.
（我们昨天拜访的亲戚是我叔叔。——作宾语）
whom 先行词必须是人。 在定语从句中只能作宾语（动词宾语或介词宾语）。 【介词提前】： 如果关系代词作介词的宾语，且把介词提前放在关系代词之前，则只能用 whom，绝不能用 who 或 that。 1. The person whom I admire most in my family is my grandfather.
（在家里我最钦佩的人是我祖父。——作动词宾语） 2. Family members are the people on whom we can always depend.
（家人是我们永远可以依赖的人。——作介词on的宾语）
whose 先行词既可以是人，也可以是物。 在定语从句中作定语，表示“……的 (whose + 名词)”。 【解题技巧】： 当发现先行词与定语从句中紧跟的名词存在所属关系（即A的B）时，应果断选择 whose。 1. I have a younger sister whose dream is to become a doctor.
（我有一个梦想是成为医生的妹妹。——指人：妹妹的梦想） 2. This is a family whose values deeply inspired me.
（这是一个其价值观深深启发了我的家庭。——指物：家庭的价值观）
who/whom/that
的互换与省略 1. 作宾语时，指代人的 who, whom, that 通常可以互换，并且在限制性定语从句中可以省略。 2. 介词提前时，不可省略，且只能用 whom。 【易错辨析】： The man who/whom/that I saw... (正确，可省略) The man to whom I spoke... (正确，不可省略，不可替换) 1. The boy (who/whom/that) you met at the family gathering is my cousin.
（你在家庭聚会上遇见的那个男孩是我表哥。） 2. The uncle with whom I travelled to Beijing is very humorous.
（和我一起去北京旅游的那个叔叔非常幽默。）
单元语法知识演练
一、单项选择
1. Helen is a caring and supportive girl ______ always shares the housework with her parents.
A. who B. which C. whom D. whose
2. The man to ______ Helen's father was talking happily is my uncle.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
3. I admire my grandfather, ______ wisdom has guided me through many difficulties in my life.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
4. Close family members are the people on ______ we can always depend when we are in trouble.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
5. A mother is someone ______ love for her children is unconditional and endless.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
6. All the relatives ______ came to our family gathering last night brought many wonderful gifts.
A. whom B. whose C. who D. which
7. The boy ______ you saw reading a book in the living room just now is my younger brother.
A. whose B. which C. whom D. what
8. Anyone ______ breaks the family rules should be punished, but always with love and patience.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. which
9. I will never forget the old lady from ______ I received so much care and warmth during my childhood.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
10. Tomorrow we are going to visit the teacher ______ son is studying abroad.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
11. He is the only student in our class ______ father is a famous writer.
A. who B. whom C. that D. whose
12. The person with ______ I am working on the family tree project is my cousin.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
13. I have many friends, some of ______ attended my family's New Year party.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. them
14. Families ______ members communicate openly tend to be much happier.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
15. The children ______ are playing in the yard are my nephews and nieces.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
16. The parents to ______ I spoke yesterday agreed with my educational methods.
A. whom B. who C. whose D. that
17. She is a lovely girl ______ smile can light up the whole room.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
18. Those ______ wish to join the family trip should sign up before Friday.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. which
19. The man, ______ is my uncle, will come to visit us tomorrow.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
20. I met a woman ______ husband works in the same company as my father.
A. who B. whom C. whose D. that
二、语法填空（篇章一）：阅读下面短文，在空白处填入适当的关系代词 (who, whom, whose, that)。
My grandparents, 1.__________ live in the countryside, are the people 2.__________ I love most. My grandfather, 3.__________ used to be a teacher, is a very wise man. The students to 4.__________ he taught English still visit him every year. My grandmother is a kind woman 5.__________ cooking skills are amazing. Anyone 6.__________ tastes her food will love it immediately.
Yesterday, I met a boy 7.__________ father is my grandfather's former student. The boy, 8.__________ I had never met before, told me many interesting stories about his father and my grandfather. I feel lucky to have a family 9.__________ members love each other deeply. The relatives with 10.__________ we celebrate festivals always bring joy to our lives.
三、语法填空（篇章二）：阅读下面关于家庭旅行的短文，在空白处填入适当的关系代词 (who, whom, whose, that)。
Last summer, my family went on a trip to Beijing. The tour guide 1.__________ showed us around was a young man 2.__________ name was Li Hua. He introduced us to many local people, some of 3.__________ were traditional artists. We met an old man 4.__________ made beautiful kites.
The man, to 5.__________ my father spoke for a long time, taught us how to make a kite. My younger sister, 6.__________ is only five years old, also made a small kite successfully. The tourists with 7.__________ we travelled were very friendly. There was a lady 8.__________ daughter was the same age as my sister. The two girls, 9.__________ quickly became good friends, played together happily. It was a wonderful trip for everyone 10.__________ participated.
【参考答案与解析】
一、单项选择
1. A 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。先行词是 girl（指人），在定语从句中作主语（谓语动词是 shares），应用 who 或 that。选项B的 which 用于指物；选项C的 whom 在从句中只能作宾语不能作主语；选项D的 whose 用于表所属关系，后面需紧跟名词。故选A。
2. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是 man（指人），介词 to 提前。介词后指代人只能用 whom。选项A的 who 和选项D的 that 不能直接放在介词后面；选项C的 whose 表示所属关系，后面需接名词。故选B。
3. C 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句关系代词。先行词是 grandfather（指人），从句主语是 wisdom（智慧），两者存在所属关系“祖父的智慧”，用 whose 作定语。选项A的 who 和选项B的 whom 不能作定语修饰名词；选项D的 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句（且不能表所属）。故选C。
4. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是 people（指人），介词 on 提前（源自搭配 depend on sb.），介词后指人必须用 whom。选项A的 who 和选项D的 that 不能紧跟在介词之后；选项C的 whose 需接名词表所属关系，此处后为代词 we。故选B。
5. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是 someone（指人），与从句中的 love（名词，爱）构成所属关系“某人的爱”，用 whose。选项A的 who 和选项B的 whom 不能作定语修饰 love；选项D的 which 用于指代物。故选C。
6. C 【解析】考查定语从句关系代词。先行词是 relatives（亲戚，指人），在从句中作主语（谓语是 came），需用 who 或 that。选项A的 whom 只能作宾语；选项B的 whose 表所属，后需接名词；选项D的 which 用于指物。故选C。
7. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是 boy（指人），在从句中作 saw 的宾语。可用 who, whom 或 that。选项A的 whose 表所属，后接名词；选项B的 which 指物；选项D的 what 不能引导定语从句。选项C的 whom 作宾语最符合规范。故选C。
8. B 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是不定代词 Anyone（任何人），在从句中作主语（谓语是 breaks），通常用 who 引导。选项A的 whom 只能作宾语；选项C的 whose 表所属；选项D的 which 指物。故选B。
9. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是 lady（指人），置于介词 from 之后作宾语（源于 receive sth. from sb.），必须用 whom。选项A的 who 和选项C的 that 不能直接放在介词之后；选项D的 whose 表所属，后需接名词。故选B。
10. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是 teacher（指人），与从句主语 son 构成所属关系“老师的儿子”，用 whose 作定语。选项A的 who、选项B的 whom 和选项D的 that 都不能修饰名词作定语。故选C。
11. D 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是 student，与从句主语 father 构成所属关系“学生的父亲”，用 whose 作定语。选项A、B、C 均不能表达所属关系也不能作定语修饰 father。故选D。
12. B 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词是 person（指人），介词 with 提前（work with sb.），指代人作介词宾语只能用 whom。who 和 that 不能放在介词之后；whose 后面需接名词。故选B。
13. B 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。逗号连接前后两句，后半句应为从句，故排除人称代词 them（若选them需加and连词）。"some of + 关系代词" 结构中，指人作介词 of 的宾语，用 whom。选项A的 who 不能放在介词后；选项C的 whose 后缺名词。故选B。
14. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词是 Families（家庭），与从句主语 members 构成所属关系“家庭的成员”，指物也可使用 whose 表所属。选项A的 who 和选项B的 whom 指人；选项D的 which 不能表所属修饰 members。故选C。
15. A 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词 children（指人），在从句中作主语（谓语是 are playing），用 who。选项B的 whom 只能作宾语；选项C的 whose 表所属，后接名词；选项D的 which 指物。故选A。
16. A 【解析】考查“介词+关系代词”。先行词 parents（父母，指人），介词 to 提前（speak to sb.），指人作介词宾语只能用 whom。who 和 that 不能位于介词之后；whose 后面需接名词。故选A。
17. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词 girl，与名词 smile 构成所属关系“女孩的笑容”，用 whose 作定语。其他三个选项 who, whom, that 均不能表示所属关系，不能修饰 smile。故选C。
18. A 【解析】考查关系代词。Those 作先行词指代人时，关系代词在从句中作主语，习惯上用 who。选项B的 whom 只能作宾语；选项C的 whose 表所属；选项D的 which 指物。故选A。
19. A 【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。先行词 man 指人，在从句中作主语，用 who。选项D的 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句；选项B的 whom 作宾语；选项C的 whose 表所属。故选A。
20. C 【解析】考查关系代词。先行词 woman，与从句主语 husband 构成所属关系“女人的丈夫”，用 whose 作定语。其他三个选项 who, whom, that 均不能修饰名词作定语。故选C。
二、语法填空（篇章一）
1. who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词是 grandparents（人），作主语，填 who。
2. whom / who / that (或不填) 【解析】先行词是 people（人），在从句中作 love 的宾语，可填 whom/who/that，也可省略。
3. who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词 grandfather（人），作主语，填 who。
4. whom 【解析】先行词 students（人），位于介词 to 之后作宾语，必须填 whom。
5. whose 【解析】先行词 woman 与 cooking skills 构成所属关系“女人的厨艺”，填 whose。
6. who / that 【解析】先行词 Anyone（人），在从句中作主语，填 who 或 that。
7. whose 【解析】先行词 boy 与 father 构成所属关系“男孩的父亲”，填 whose。
8. whom 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词 boy（人），作 met 的宾语，由于有逗号隔开，填 whom。
9. whose 【解析】先行词 family 与 members 构成所属关系“家庭的成员”，填 whose。
10. whom 【解析】先行词 relatives（人），位于介词 with 之后作宾语，必须填 whom。
三、语法填空（篇章二）
1. who / that 【解析】先行词 guide（导游，人），在从句中作主语，填 who 或 that。
2. whose 【解析】先行词 man 与 name 构成所属关系“男人的名字”，填 whose。
3. whom 【解析】非限制性定语从句，"some of + 关系代词" 结构，指人作介词 of 的宾语，填 whom。
4. who / that 【解析】先行词 man（人），在从句中作 made 的主语，填 who 或 that。
5. whom 【解析】先行词 man（人），位于介词 to 之后作宾语，必须填 whom。
6. who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词 sister（人），作主语，填 who。
7. whom 【解析】先行词 tourists（游客，人），位于介词 with 之后作宾语，必须填 whom。
8. whose 【解析】先行词 lady 与 daughter 构成所属关系“女士的女儿”，填 whose。
9. who 【解析】非限制性定语从句，先行词 girls（人），作主语，填 who。
10. who / that 【解析】先行词 everyone（不定代词，指人），在从句中作主语，通常填 who 或 that。

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